Ethics Assignment #13 Q1 Position One: Improve the Candy Ken is a process engineer for Stardust Chemical Corporation.

He has signed a secrecy agreement with the firm that prohibits his divulging information that the company considers proprietary (belonging to the company). Stardust has developed an adaptation of a standard piece of equipment that makes it highly efficient for cooling viscous plastics slurry. Stardust decided not to patent the idea but to keep it as a trade secret. Eventually, Ken leaves Stardust and goes to work for a candy-processing company that is not in any way in competition with Stardust. He soon realizes that a modification similar to Stardust's trade secret could be applied to a different machine used for cooling fudge, and at once has the change made. Has Ken acted ethically? Yes. Ken went to work for a company that doesn't compete with his previous employer. It is not likely that their adaptation of the fudge cooling machine will be used anywhere else. They are not planning on trying to make money by selling the idea to someone else. Ken cannot be expected to partition his brain into segments based on the source of his knowledge. He has to use the knowledge he has accumulated and should not be expected to keep it a secret forever. The new company has the right to benefit from his skills, especially since the first company didn't patent the process. Position Two: Keep It a Secret Ken is a process engineer for Stardust Chemical Corporation. He has signed a secrecy agreement with the firm that prohibits his divulging information that the company considers proprietary (belonging to the company). Stardust has developed an adaptation of a standard piece of equipment that makes it highly efficient for cooling viscous plastics slurry. Stardust decided not to patent the idea but to keep it as a trade secret. Eventually, Ken leaves Stardust and goes to work for a candy-processing company that is not in any way in competition with Stardust. He soon realizes that a

modification similar to Stardust's trade secret could be applied to a different machine used for cooling fudge, and at once has the change made. Has Ken acted ethically? No. He signed a secrecy agreement with the requirement that the information was to be kept in that company. Honesty requires that he should honor that agreement. Stardust will probably lose the opportunity for income because even if Ken's new company doesn't share the idea with anyone else, it's very likely that someone in the candy factory will move to a new company and will use it there. Ken has no control over where it goes. Can be added too in Q1 Yet in exercising their general skills and knowledge, it is virtually inevitable that some unintended leaks will occur. An engineers knowledge base generates an intuitive sense of what designs will or will not work, and trade secrets form part of this knowledge base. To fully protect the secrets of an old employer on a new job would thus virtually require that part of the engineers brainbe removed.

Q2 explain with words and give reference of ethics theories(right duty etc) . Q3 court order was not good its injunctions should only on trade secrets change words and make it fit according to this question (slide 16&17) Their reasoning was that although Goodrich had a right to have trade secrets kept confidential, it had to be balanced against Wohlgemuths personal right to seek career advancement. And this would seem to be the correct moral verdict as well

Q4 Engineer Doe can not provide the services ethically but he is in a conflict of interest. Conflicts of interest typically arise when two conditions are met:

(1)The professional is in a relationship or role that requires exercising good judgment on behalf of the interests of an employer or client, and (2) The professional has some additional or side interest that could threaten good judgment in serving the interests of the employer or clienteither the good judgment of that professional or the judgment of a typical professional in that situation.

Why the reference to a typical professional? There might be conclusive evidence that the actual persons involved would never allow a side interest to affect their judgment, yet they are still in a conflict of interest. Q5 Henry should not accept the gift. Codes of ethics sometimes take a hard line in forbidding all such gratuities, but many employers set forth more flexible policies. Company policies generally ban any gratuities that have more than nominal value or exceed widely and openly accepted normal, business practice. An additional rule of thumb is: If the offer or acceptance of a particular gift could have embarrassing consequences for your company if made public, then do not accept the gift. Assignment 14 Q1 2 answers I have (1) slide 88& 90 (2)The ideas underlying affirmative action are difficult to reconcile with goals of justice and morality, and do not sit comfortably with those seeking to redress historic wrongs or remedy intractable problems. Affirmative action advocates like to put their arguments in positive terms, speaking of opportunities for minorities rather than of discrimination against non-minorities. Nevertheless, a policy designed to help one group by granting members of that group certain advantages will, necessarily, put those who do not belong to that group at a disadvantage. Those wrestling with these issues would do well to admit what their policies seek to accomplish, and how. Affirmative action is not only justifiable, but required. Historically, minorities have been discriminated against, and ongoing racism in our society continues to keep them at a disadvantage. Proactive measures, such as the affirmative action policy in place at the University of Michigan, are the best way

society has devised to redress historical injustice. And the goal ought not to be achieving a racially diverse campus, although this is an extremely important benefit of affirmative action. Rather, the goal ought to be to right historical injustice and create a more just society. If minorities are to achieve an equal place in our society, action must be taken at the level of education. Affirmative action in the workplace is important, but it cannot substitute for university admission policies designed to fully prepare minorities to compete in the workplace. Whites from disadvantaged backgrounds also face unjust circumstances, and this situation must be addressed. This, however, is a separate problem and ought to be addressed in separate policies. Additionally, although affirmative action helps wealthy minorities as well as poor minorities, this is not a reason to eliminate the policies, but rather to adjust them. Ten-percent programs are not a good solution because they rely on the very injustices that they are designed to address. To build an affirmative action program on institutionalized segregation would not only be unworkable in the long run, but profoundly unjust. Affirmative action is an imperfect solution to a terrible situation. Inherent in affirmative action policies is an element of injustice, but that injustice is acceptable because there is no alternative, and because the policies are designed to redress far greater historical injustices. As the only course available to a society that must find a way out of its segregated and discriminatory past, affirmative action is not only justified, but is a moral imperative. Q2 Slide76 &77 is answer

Q3 This is case of stereotyping of a person. explain it further and in the end explain this and make heading of each thing. Do not judge any person on the basis of his sex, race, skin color, age, or political or religious outlook.

Q4 Explain it in every respect (trustworthiness, respect, truthfulness, collegiality, etc ) Q5 Paramount safety and welfare of public and safety of worker for explaining purposes take help to elaborate it via rights, duties, utilitarianism (if worker will happy he ll work more efficiently) and virtue ethics. Assignment 15 Q1 Bart case (slide 6 and end para of 8) Alternative course of action Q4 go to this link https://docs.google.com/viewer?a=v&q=cache:I_c8UqWHlicJ:www.emle.org/_dat a/Marten_De_Schepper__Setting_the_Right_Incentives_for_Whistleblowers.pdf+possible+benefits+and+dr awbacks+of+incentive+to+whistleblow&hl=en&gl=pk&pid=bl&srcid=ADGEESi08ykedIIy0lymR521hJEs27DVnrN JXMWwXAp_sxxGp05z2PsUle47OkaiZpU6_L598ZQkeHwx5TqjC7ZRuSYyQS gELVoRF4m9YH1MJlu4U5mZTRQBs0DInsc_5k41haoquZB1&sig=AHIEtbSgr HZWzFUrzpQgD_r9Z8UfM_oRaQ

Q5 Google it Assignment 16 Q1 Different data from slide 38, 39, 40 Q2 Slide 45 is answer

Q3 Universities, as organizations, need to create and maintain a culture of honesty. Honor codes, which set forth firm standards and require students and faculty to report that cheating is going on, make a dramatic difference, even though they are not enough. Especially important, universities must support professors and students who follow university policies in reporting cheating, refusing to bow to the current market mentality in higher education that is more concerned about losing a paying customer than about ensuring academic integrity