Code No: R5100104 1

I B.Tech (R05) Supplementary Examinations, June 2009

APPLIED CHEMISTRY
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
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1. (a) What is bleaching powder ? What is the mechanism of its action in sterilization of drinking
water?
(b) What are the disadvantages in its use?
(c) Calculate the concentration of CaSO4 in solution in moles/litres if its hardness was found
to be 50 ppm. [8+4+4]

2. (a) What are Zeolites ?

(b) How is the softening of water carried out using Permutit Process? [4+12]

3. Explain what happens and why it happens

(a) When a zinc article is under strain [4]

(b) When iron sheets riveted with copper rivets [4]
(c) when an iron pole is partly buried under soil [4]
(d) When a metallic structure is buried under mineralized soils. [4]

4. Explain what happens and why it happens [4x4=16]

(a) When a zinc plate is attached below a ship.

(b) When steel is alloyed with chromium homogeneously.
(c) When there are crevices between the adjacent parts of the structure.
(d) When there is no uniform flow of a corrosion liquid.

5. (a) What are silicone resins ? How are they made and what are their uses ? [8]
(b) Discuss the preparation, properties and uses of bakelite resins. [8]

6. (a) Explain [8]

i. the Segar Cones test
ii. R.U.L. test.
(b) Outline the important applications of refractories. [8]

7. (a) Differentiate between cloud and pour points.

(b) Classify lubricants giving examples for each class. [8+8]

8. (a) Compare fat lime with hydraulic lime. [8]

(b) Give an account of the different classes of hydraulic limes. [8]

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Code No: R5100104 2
I B.Tech (R05) Supplementary Examinations, June 2009
APPLIED CHEMISTRY
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Calculate the total hard ness of a sample of water from Tirupati which showed the fol-
lowing analysis: CaCl2 = 11.1mg/litre; Mg(HCO3 )2 = 14.6 ppm; Mg(NO3 )2 = 14.8 ppm;
Ca(HCO3 )2 = 8.1 ppm;
(b) What is the concentration in moles/litre of CaSO4 if its hardness was found to be 20 ppm?
[12+4]

2. (a) Explain the scale and sludge formation in boilers.

(b) Calculate amount of lime (80%) and soda ( 90%) required to soften 12,000 litre of the
water containing the following salts: CaCO3 = 185 ppm; CaSO4 = 34 ppm; MgCl2 = 76
ppm; organic matter = 84 ppm; SiO2 = 12ppm; Ca(HCO3 )2 = 220 ppm. [8+8]

3. (a) What are electrochemical series and galvanic series? [5]

(b) How do you differentiate the electrochemical series from galvanic series? [6]
(c) Explain why the rate of corrosion accelerate with reduction in the over voltage of the
corroding metal? [5]

4. Explain how corrosion control can be brought by the following methods.

(a) Proper designing [5]

(b) Modifying the environment [5]
(c) Use of inhibitors. [6]

5. (a) Describe the composition of natural rubber. [4]

(b) Explain the difference between natural and synthetic rubber. [8]
(c) Write briefly on the compounding of rubber for engineering uses. [8]

6. (a) What are refractories ? Summarize their important characteristics. [10]

(b) Write a note on “askarels”. [6]

7. Write brief notes on the following:-

(a) Cloud and pour point.

(b) Viscosity and viscosity index
(c) Flash and fire points of lubricants. [5+6+5]

8. (a) What is meant by setting and hardening of cement? What are its advantages?
[8]
(b) Explain the initial and final setting of cement with relevant chemical reactions.
[8]

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Code No: R5100104 3
I B.Tech (R05) Supplementary Examinations, June 2009
APPLIED CHEMISTRY
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) Describe the treatment processes used to obtain “Municipal Water”.

(b) What is the concentration in moles/litre of CaCl2 if its hardness was found to be 20 ppm.
[10+6]

2. (a) Write briefly on boiler troubles.

(b) Calculate the quantities in Kgs of lime-soda needed to soften 30,000 litres of water having
the following composition:- Determine the quantities (in Kgs) of lime and soda required
for softening 10,000 liters of water having the following salts: NaCl = 5.85 mg/liter; KCl
= 7.45 mg/litre; Ca(HCO3 )2 = 40.5 mg/litre; Mg(HCO3 )2 = 14.6 mg/litre; Mg(NO3 )2 =
14.8 mg/litre; CaCl2 = 12.1 mg/litre . [8+8]

3. Justify the following statements with suitable examples.

(a) the rate of corrosion is dependant on the nature of the corroding environment.
[8]
(b) A pipe half buried in water undergoes corrosion fastly. [8]

4. (a) What are cathodic coatings ? How do you differentiate cathodic coatings from anodic
coatings? [8]
(b) Explain the process of tinning with its advantages and disadvantages. [8]

5. (a) Explain the difference between natural and synthetic high polymers with suitable exam-
ples. [8]
(b) What is Polyethylene? How is it manufactured? Mention the different types of poly-
ethylenes and their uses. [8]

6. (a) Explain the difference between thermal and electrical insulators. [8]
(b) Write briefly on the applications of these two types of insulators. [8]

7. How do you classify lubricants? Give their different modes of action. [16]

8. Give an account of the raw materials use din the manufacture of the lime and explain the
manufacture of lime and explain the manufacture of fat lime. [16]

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Code No: R5100104 4
I B.Tech (R05) Supplementary Examinations, June 2009
APPLIED CHEMISTRY
(Civil Engineering)
Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 80
Answer any FIVE Questions
All Questions carry equal marks
?????

1. (a) What are the important sources of water ?

(b) What is the cause for alkalinity of natural water?
(c) How do you estimate the hardness of water by EDTA? [4+3+9]

2. (a) Describe the scale and sludge formation in boilers.

(b) Discuss the ion-exchange process for softening of hard water. [8+8]

3. (a) What is meant by stress corrosion? What are its characteristics? [8]
(b) Explain season cracking and caustic embrittlement. How is it prevented? [8]

4. Differentiate the following with suitable examples.

(a) Cathodic coatings with anodic coatings. [8]

(b) Metal cladding and metal spraying. [8]

5. (a) What is natural rubber ? How is crude rubber obtained from latex ? [8]
(b) Discuss the compounding and fabrication of plastics. [8]

6. (a) What are refractories ? How do you classify them ? Explain your answer with suitable
examples. [8]
(b) Write a note on thermal insulators. [8]

7. (a) What are the criteria for the selection of lubricants?

(b) Give the important applications of lubricants. [8+8]

8. Explain the hardening and setting of cement using the chemical equations. [16]

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