PET-504E Advanced Well Test Analysis

..Treyen
Midterm
2007-2008
T
Given : 07 Apr 2008
Due : 08 Apr 2008 (17:00)
Name of Student:
Questions
1-) (30 points) For a radial system with homogeneous and isotropic permeability and homogeneous porosity, the
diffusivity equation in dimensional form is given by

1 p 1 p
;
r =
r r r t

(1.1)

The appropriate initial and boundary conditions are

p( r, t = 0) = pi

(1.2)

lim p( r, t > 0) = pi

(1.3)

p 141.2qB
lim r =
= constant
r 0
kh
r

(1.4)

and

Here, = 2.637x10-4 if t is in hours, = 6.3x10-3 if t is in days and throughout we use oil field units.

p D ( rD , t D ) =

kh
[ pi p ( r , t ) ]
141.2qsc B

(1.5)

tD =

kt

= 2 t
2
ct rw
rw

(1.6)

rD =

r
rw

(1.7)

and

a-) (10 points) Using the definitions of the dimensionless variables given above, write the equations given in
(1.1) through (1.4) in terms of dimensionless variables.
b-) (10 points) The boltzman transformation can be defined as follows:

rD2
D =
4t D
Using the definition of the boltzman transform, write the equations you have obtained in part-a in terms of
and

D .

c-) (10 points) The dimensionless wellbore storage coefficient is given as:

CD =

5.615C
2 ct hrw2

pD

Using the definitions of the dimensionless variables given above, show that the inner boundary condition for the
standard wellbore storage and skin problem

q = qsf

24C dpwf
B dt

can be written as: CD

dpWD pD
rD
=1
dt D rD r =1
D

Dont forget that:

qsf =

kh p
r
141.2 B r r =rw

2-) (30 points) Consider the cylindrical reservoir given below:

pe

pw

re

rw

The well radius is rw and the pressure at the well is pw = p ( rw , t ) . The outer radius of the
reservoir is re and the pressure at the outer radius is pe = p ( re , t ) . The diffusion equation for
an isotropic porous media with fluid of constant viscosity and compressibility is given below:
1 p
ct
p
r =
3
r r r 6.33 10 k t
When we assume pseudo steady state flow, you can approximate the
follows:

p
5.615qB
=
= a = constant
t
ctVb
The boundary conditions for this problem can be taken as:
dp
=0
dr r =re
p ( r = rw ) = pw

p
term in field units as
t

Assume that the flow is pseudo steady state and that re >> rw . Show the following:
2
2
r ( r rw )
p ( r ) = pw r ln

2
2
rw

2
e

where

a ct
6.33 103 k

3-) (40 points) A well test is conducted on a well. During the test the well is produced for 48 hrs. and the
production rate is kept constant at 500STB/D. Other properties regarding the well and the reservoir are given in
the table below.

rw, ft

0.35

h. ft

50

0.2

B, rb/STB

1.127

Pi, psi

3540

Ct, 1/psi

8x10-6

Tres, F

180

Q, STB/D

500

Pi, psi

3540

a-) (10 points) Construct a log-log diognostic plot of p and p vs. t. Do you observe wellbore storage effects?
If so please show the wellbore storage dominated flow period. If there are wellbore storage effects present,
determine the wellbore storage coefficient. Do you think that the initial pressure is given correct? How can you
make such a judgement from the log-log plot? If you beleive the initial presusre is given incorrectly, make a
cartesian plot of p vs.t and compute the initial pressure and the wellborestorage coefficient. You should use a
least squares approach to determine the wellbore storage coefficient and the initial pressure.
b-) (5 points) Do you observe a radial flow period. If so indicate on the radial flow period on the log-log plot.
Determine the permeability from the log-log plot.
c-) Do you think a semilog analysis can be performed. If so perform a semilog plot to determine the
permeability, and the skin factor.
d-) (10 points) Analyze the data by type curve matching and determine kh, C and skin.
e-) (10 points) Perform analysis using the SAPHIR software. Perform non-linear regression to determine the
results. Include the initial pressure as one of the parameters to be determined in the non-linear regression
f-) (5 points) Tabulate your results and discuss.

Time, hrs.
0
0.00862
0.010851
0.013661
0.017198
0.027257
0.0432
0.068467
0.108513
0.171982
0.272574
0.432
0.684674
1.085135
1.719823
2.645129
3.605129
4.565129
5.525129
6.485129
7.445129
8.405129
9.365129
10.56513
12.48513
14.40513
16.32513
18.24513
20.16513
22.08513
24.00513
25.92513
27.84513
29.76513
31.68513
33.60513
35.52513
37.44513
39.36513
41.28513
43.20513
45.12513
47.04513
48

P, psi
3540
3537.686
3532.133
3526.225
3518.723
3495.488
3459.985
3405.645
3320.434
3197.402
3020.199
2778.41
2478.764
2145.05
1839.92
1626.03
1524.212
1469.256
1434.357
1412.033
1392.356
1378.328
1367.066
1354.559
1336.905
1322.756
1310.857
1300.342
1290.22
1281.097
1273.271
1267.046
1259.325
1252.454
1247.318
1242.69
1236.827
1231.321
1227.201
1223.28
1218.758
1216.075
1212.006
1209.759

0
2.167388
7.244256
13.45825
21.74468
44.91751
80.36574
134.9712
218.7012
342.4701
520.0163
760.6397
1061.985
1394.334
1700.066
1913.547
2015.958
2071.036
2105.055
2128.985
2146.593
2161.38
2173.101
2185.916
2203.018
2217.391
2229.593
2240.699
2250.145
2258.617
2266.831
2273.979
2280.563
2286.656
2292.791
2298.063
2303.267
2307.648
2312.484
2316.49
2321.051
2324.87
2328.455
2330.694

20.37785
23.83748
31.72407
39.15042
62.44379
96.27371
146.5508
220.5164
322.0895
450.192
592.5139
703.4537
715.1097
590.8062
396.6205
272.1114
199.6547
164.9506
140.542
125.8615
115.8754
108.2827
96.89044
91.66377
102.8547
102.8149
78.39274
102.2109
96.77677
90.39265
83.48149
102.6702
66.11004
106.618
102.5902
83.71288
56.25144
92.48812
98.68414
96.26336
93.90151
85.15786