The Industrial Revolution

Major Inventions

Name of Invention

Year

Name of Inventor

Significance of Invention

TEXTILES Flying Shuttle 1733 John Kay The Flying Shuttle was an improvement to looms and enabled weavers to weave faster. Home-based machine that spun thread 8 times faster than when spun by hand Water-powered spinning machine that was too large for use in a home led to the creation of factories Combined the spinning jenny and the water frame into a single device, increasing the production of fine thread The power loom was a steam-powered, mechanically operated version of a regular loom, an invention that combined threads to make cloth. Machine that quickly and easily separates cotton fibers from their seeds, a job formerly performed painstakingly by hand. The fibers are processed into cotton goods, and the seeds may be used to grow more cotton or to produce cottonseed oil; if they are badly damaged, they are disposed off. Speed of sewing greatly increased

Spinning Jenny Water Frame

1765 1969

James Hargreaves Richard Arkwright

Spinning Mule

1779

Samuel Crompton

Power Loom

1784

Edmund Cartwright

Cotton Gin

1793

Eli Whitney

Sewing Machine

1846

Elias Howe

TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION Improved Steam Engine 1769 James Watt Replaced animal labor. Helped boost the invention of new modes of transport and made the transportation or raw material and finished goods easier during the Industrial Revolution. Formed a basis for the modern mechanical locomotives. Steamboats were one of the most important forms of logistics and transportation during the industrial revolution. It was an important mode of river transport. Acted as a stimulus for the industrial

Steamboat

1786

John Fitch

Steam Locomotive

1814

George Stephenson

The Industrial Revolution

Major Inventions Engine (railroads) Telegraph 1837 (Father of Railways) Samuel Morse revolution, by facilitating the transport of raw materials and manufactured goods. Morse's telegraph greatly impacted America's push westward, helped railroads operate safer and more efficiently, and facilitated efficient business. Like the railroads, the telegraph provided Americans with the freedom to move and expand. Instant communication was only a "dot" and "dash" away. Pre-Industrial Revolution, letters were to communicate. When Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone it made communication easier and also opened up new options for Britain, USA and France.

The 1st Practical Telephone

1876

Alexander Graham Bell

Iron and Steel Coke Smelting Process 1709 Abraham Darby This process advanced the mass production of brass and iron goods. It replaced charcoal in the process of refining metals. This was important as charcoal was becoming scarce and more expensive. Boosted production of Iron. In order to make Iron Bars, molten Iron was passed through grooved rollers. Lead to an expansion in the production of Iron. Wrought Iron production increased by 400% over the next twenty years. The Bessemer converter ushered in the age of mass-produced steel inexpensively. Modern steel is made using technology based on Bessemer's process.

Steel Roller

1783

Henry Cort

Puddling Furnace

1784

Henry Cort

Bessemer Convertor

1856

Henry Bessemer