1.1.

3 Clonal selection b) Sweet orange Centers: Rahuri, Tirupati and NRCC, Nagpur Rahuri: Ten promising clones were identified. Data regarding the growth parameters on 2 year old sweet orange clones at Rahuri indicates that, T3 - Selection No. 3 sweet orange clone has recorded significantly maximum plant height (1.52m) and canopy volume (0.44 m3) . Table 1. Growth performance of different clones of sweet orange at Rahuri (2012-13). Selection Plant E-W N-S Canopy Scion girth height Spread Spread volume (cm) (m) (m) (m) (m3) Selection No. 1 1.26 0.54 0.56 0.15 8.50 Selection No. 2 1.15 0.55 0.60 0.11 9.50 Selection No. 3 1.52 1.00 0.75 0.44 10.75 Selection No. 4 1.17 0.50 0.50 0.10 8.50 Selection No. 5 1.44 0.66 0.60 0.23 9.00 Selection No. 6 0.86 0.46 0.53 0.08 5.66 Selection No. 7 1.06 0.60 0.72 0.16 8.40 Selection No. 8 1.25 0.35 0.45 0.05 7.50 Selection No. 9 1.20 0.60 0.55 0.13 9.00 Selection No. 10 1.17 0.32 0.35 0.04 8.12 S. E. 0.10 0.05 0.06 0.04 0.65 C. D. at 5 % 0.28 0.17 0.17 0.13 1.87 Tirupati :In clonal selection of sweet orange at Tirupati, five year old sweet orange Sathgudi sweet orange clone has recorded significantly maximum plant height (2.67m) and canopy volume (11.95 m3) followed by TS3 clone. However TS1 clone recorded minimum plant growth parameters (canopy volume 3.53 m3). Table 2. Performance of Sweet Orange Clones at Tirupati (2012-13) S. Treat Place of Collection Plant Canopy No ments height spread (m) (m) E-W N-S 1. Venkata Reddy Gari Palle, TS1 Tadepatri Mandal) Ananthapur 1.68 2.13 1.85 2. Ammavaripeta, B.K. TS2 Samudram (Mandal) Ananthapur 1.80 1.78 1.98 3. Madugula Tipparthi TS3 (Mandal) Nalgonda 1.90 2.58 2.25 4. Peddavuru Vill &Mandal TS4 Nalgonda 1.67 2.30 2.40

Stem Girth (cm)

Canopy Volume (m3)

23.67

3.53

23.00 25.67 24.00

3.59 5.92 4.83

5. 6.

TS5 TS6

7.

TS7

Veligandla (Vill & Mandal) Prakasam Cheruvukomuu- palem, P.C. Palle (Mandal) Ananthapur Sathgudi (Check) CD@5%

1.82

2.40

2.23

27.00

5.31

1.83 2.67 0.43

2.22 2.97 0.62

2.55 2.80 0.43

26.33 33.33 0.57

5.43 11.95 3.27

1.1.4 Evaluation of promising clones of citrus b) Sweet orange Centers: Ludhiana, Rahuri and Tirupati Ludhiana: All the sweet orange clones were planted during March, 2012. Observations on growth (height, girth and canopy volume) characters will be recorded yearly. Yield and quality of fruits including market acceptability will be recorded after fruiting starts. Incidence of pest and disease will also be recorded. Rahuri : The growth data on two year old sweet orange promising clones revealed that maximum plant height (1.38m) and canopy volume ( 0.13m3)were recorded in Phule mosambi clone. Table 1. Vegetative growth performance of promising clones of sweet orange at Rahuri (2012-13). Treatment Plant E-W N-S Canopy height (m) Spread Spread volume (m) (m) (m3) T1 - Phule Mosambi 0.53 1.38 0.58 0.13 T2 - M-3 1.16 0.45 0.48 0.06 T3 - M-4 1.17 0.41 0.07 0.56 T4 - M-8 1.30 0.47 0.47 0.07 T5 - Kodur Sathgudi 1.08 0.41 0.47 0.06 T6 - Blood Red Malta 1.05 0.34 0.35 0.03 T7 - Shamouti orange 1.09 0.39 0.37 0.04 T8 - Katol gold 1.24 0.40 0.45 0.06 T9 - Mosambi (Control) 1.25 0.45 0.48 0.07 S. E. 0.06 0.04 0.05 0.01 C. D. at 5 % 0.18 0.13 0.15 0.04

Scion girth (cm) 9.27 8.11 9.36 8.98 6.77 7.08 8.45 9.16 7.36 0.60 1.79

Tirupati : The growth data in respect of plant height on one year old sweet orange promising clones revealed that maximum plant height (1.47m) recorded in Phule mosambi clone closely followed by Sathgudi (1.45m), where as minimum height (1.13m) recorded in M3 clone.

Table.2. Performance promising clones of Sweet Orange at Tirupati (2012-13) S.No. Treatments Name of the clone Plant height(m) 1. T1 Phule Mosambi 1.47 T2 M3 1.13 2. T3 M8 1.25 3. T4 M4 1.28 4. T5 Kodur Sathgudi 1.19 5. T6 Blood Red Malta 1.28 6. T7 Shamouti Orange 0.98 7. T8 Sathgudi 1.45 8. CD@5% 0.27

1.1.4. Evaluation of promising clones of citrus d) Pummelo Centers : Ludhiana, Tinsukia, Tirupati, CISH, Lucknow and NRCC Nagpur Ludhiana: Experimental material was planted during July 2012. Observations on growth (height,
girth and canopy volume) characters will be recorded yearly. Yield and quality of fruits including market acceptability will be recorded after fruiting starts. Incidence of pest and disease will also be recorded.

Tirupati: Planting was done in the field no.21 during the month of June, 2011. The one year old Budlings are establishing well. The local pummelo selection was identified during January, 2013 and it is included as check. 2.1.5 Evaluation of promising rootstock in citrus Centers : Chethalli, Ludhiana, Rahuri, Sriganganagar Tinsukia, Tirupati & NRCC, Nagpur

Ludhiana: The maximum plant height, plant spread (both north-south and east-west), rootstock girth, scion girth and canopy volume was recorded in two years old Kinnow mandarin budded on rough lemon. Least canopy volume was recorded in NRCC-1 rootstock. Alemow plants were planted in field in September 2012, thus the plants were the smallest. Sriganganagar: Kinnow budlings budded on different rootstocks have been transplanted in the field during March, 2012. Maximum plant growth of buddling was observed with Kinnow budded on Jatti khatti, followed by Rough Lemon and NRCC 4 rootstock. Among rootstocks poorest growth and budding success was recorded with CRH 12 followed by Alemow. Under Sriganganagar condition, poorest percent plant establishment was noted with Alemow rootstock as it is prone to Citrus canker. Plants are under juvenile stage observations are being recorded as per programme.

Performance of promising citrus rootstocks in Manderin at different centers(2012-13) Plant height (m) S.No. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Rootstocks NRCC-2 NRCC-4 NRCC-5 NRCC-6 CRH-12 Alemow Jatti khatti Rough Lemon CD (5%) Ludhiana 2.01 1.90 1.52 2.03 1.68 0.34 1.58 2.29 0.58 Sriganganagar 0.29 0.31 0.25 0.24 0.15 0.22 0.37 0.32 5.23

Rahuri : The maximum plant height (1.47m) and plant spread (east-west 0.60m) were recorded in one and half years old Phule Mosambi Sweet orange budded on rangapur lime (rahuri), whereas highest canopy volume(0.19m3) and stem girth (11.4cm)were noticed in Phule Mosambi Sweet orange budded NRCC, rootstock-4. Table 2. Vegetative growth performance of promising rootstock in sweet under Rahuri condition (2012-13). Treatment Plant E-W N-S Canopy height (m) Spread Spread volume (m) (m) (m3) T1- NRCC, rootstock-2 1.31 0.59 0.64 0.15 T2 - NRCC, rootstock-4 1.37 0.56 0.75 0.19 T3 - NRCC, rootstock-5 1.16 0.52 0.52 0.09 T4 - NRCC, rootstock-6 1.27 0.55 0.18 0.79 T5 - CRH-12 0.55 0.18 0.23 0.006 T6 - Alemow 0.67 0.24 0.26 0.01 T7 - Rangpur lime 1.38 0.56 0.66 0.19 T8 - Rangpur lime Rahuri 0.62 0.17 1.47 0.60 S. E. 0.11 0.05 0.09 0.04 C. D. at 5 % 0.34 0.17 0.27 0.13 orange Scion girth (cm) 10.33 11.40 9.61 10.37 2.66 3.33 8.16 9.41 0.65 1.98

Tirupati : The growth one year old sathgudi sweet orange budlings on rough lemon root stock is vigorous (Plant height 1.15m). Alemow and CRH-12 rootstocks are recently budded with Sathgudi.

Table: 4 Effect of different root stocks on growth of Sathgudi at Tirupati (2012-13) S. No Treatments Root stocks Plant height(m) 1. T1 NRCC Root stock-2 0.92 2. T2 NRCC Root stock- 4 0.69 3. T3 NRCC Root stock- 5 0.78 4. T4 NRCC Root stock-6 0.94 5. T5 CRH- 12 --6. T6 Alemow -7. T7 Rangpur lime 1.05 8. T8 Rough Lemon 1.15 9. T9 Australian Sour Orange 1.08 3.1.1 C) INM in citrus a) Mandarin Centers : Akola and Tinsukia

Akola : Significantly maximum vegetative growth was observed with an application of 100% RDF +VAM 500g + PSB 100g + Azospirillum 100g + T. harzianum 100g per plant i.e. Treatment -3 as compared to other treatments. And also significantly highest number of fruits (765), highest weight of fruits (147.00g) , yield per plant (112.43 kg/plant) and volume of fruit (153 ml) were recorded in the same treatment. The quality parameters of Nagpur mandarin in different treatments revealed that, highest juice percentage (52.98%), and TSS (12.72%) was recorded in treatment T3 while the maximum acidity was recorded in treatment T5 i.e. 0.83% and highest ascorbic acid content i.e. 43.01mg/100g recorded in treatment T4

The nutrient levels of N and K were observed more in treatment T3 i.e. 2.52 % and 1.72% , respectively while the nutrient level of P was recorded highest in treatment T2 i.e. 0.36 as compared to other treatments. Tinsukia: Among the five different treatments tested, the treatment having 75% recommended dose of NPK (of 450g N, 225g P2O5, 450g K2O and 5.625kg Neem Oil Cake) + VAM (500 g/plant) + PSB (100 g/plant) + Azospirillum,(100 g/plant) + T. harzianum (100 g/plant) was found to be most effective in improving the plant growth, yield and quality of mandarin along with soil fertility status. It showed better plant growth as evidence from highest plant height (6.46m) and canopy volume (45.62 m3). The treatment was recorded for the highest fruit yield (112.83 kg/tree) compared to the Existing Recommended Dose of Fertilizers( 83.07kg/tree). The fruits obtained under this treatment was also found significantly superior in quality as evident from highest juice content, 46.24%; TSS, 13.23%; Ascorbic acid, 48.93% and lowest acidity, 0.39%). Besides all these, the treatment also showed building up of soil fertility level. Laboratory analysis of leaf nutrient status and soil microbial population is in progress. Status : Can be concluded after completion and interpretation of laboratory analytical data. Effect of bio-fertilizers on growth and yield performance of mandarin (2012-13) Plant height (m) Canopy volume(m3) Fruits /tree Fruit yield/tree (kg) Treat Akola Tinsukia Akola Tinsukia Akola Tinsukia Akola Tinsukia ments T1 6.27 38.02 701 82.40 3.36 14.53 625 83.07 T2 T3 T4 T5 CD at 5% 3.48 3.92 3.62 3.40 0.14 6.28 6.31 6.46 6.11 0.23 15.01 20.60 15.31 11.83 2.45 38.27 44.78 45.62 40.15 5.81 711 765 724 620 47.14 724 763 778 659 35 99.53 112.43 99.18 90.63 4.90 86.98 96.92 97.04 76.97 10.26

T1:Recommended dose of NPK RDF (Control) ;T2 : RDF + VAM 500 g + PSB 100 g +Azospirillum 100g/plant ;T3:100% RDF + VAM 500 g + PSB 100 g+ Azospirillum 100 g + T.harzianum 100 g/plant;T4: 75 % RDF + VAM 500 g + PSB 100 g + Azospirillum 100 g + T.harzianum 100 g/plant;T5: 50 % RDF + VAM 500 g + PSB 100g + Azospirillum 100 g + T.harzianum 100 g/plant.

Effect of bio-fertilizers on fruit quality of mandarin (2012-13) Juice (%) TSS (%) Acidity (%) Treat ments Akola Tinsukia Akola Tinsukia Akola Tinsukia 50.96 12.00 0.81 T1 42.74 11.09 0.44 (45.57) (20.27) (5.16) 52.03 12.26 0.82 T2 43.19 11.67 0.45 (46.15) (20.53) (5.20) 0.78 T3 52.98 12.72 45.47 12.15 0.42 (5.07) (46.72) (20.88) 52.62 12.35 0.79 T4 46.24 13.23 0.39 (46.49) (20.53) (5.10) 51.88 12.25 T5 0.83 40.50 10.82 0.46 (46.09) (20.44) (5.23) CD at 4.71 2.14 NS 0.306 0.188 0.069 5%

Ascorbic acid (mg/100ml) Akola Tinsukia 42.16 42.38 42.77 43.01 42.45 0.20 43.45 46.20 46.06 48.93 45.90 2.58

T1:Recommended dose of NPK RDF (Control) ;T2 : RDF + VAM 500 g + PSB 100 g +Azospirillum 100g/plant ;T3:100% RDF + VAM 500 g + PSB 100 g+ Azospirillum 100 g + T.harzianum 100 g/plant;T4: 75 % RDF + VAM 500 g + PSB 100 g + Azospirillum 100 g + T.harzianum 100 g/plant;T5: 50 % RDF + VAM 500 g + PSB 100g + Azospirillum 100 g + T.harzianum 100 g/plant * Fig. in parenthesis is arc sin values

Effect of bio-fertilizers on leaf and soil nutrition status of mandarin (2012-13) Leaf nutrients at Akola (%) Soil fertility status at Tinsukia (kg ha-1) N P K Av. N Av.P2O5 Av.K2O 289 27.7 131.8 T1 2.42 0.32 1.63 T2 2.48 1.60 307 28.4 146.4 0.36 T3 0.35 328 35.9 151.5 2.52 1.72 T4 2.32 0.28 1.57 318 36.5 152.3 T5 2.25 0.24 1.46 282 25.7 130.8 CD at 5 % 0.008 19.7 5.1 7.2 0.045 0.049 T1:Recommended dose of NPK RDF (Control) ;T2 : RDF + VAM 500 g + PSB 100 g +Azospirillum 100g/plant ;T3:100% RDF + VAM 500 g + PSB 100 g+ Azospirillum 100 g + T.harzianum 100 g/plant;T4: 75 % RDF + VAM 500 g + PSB 100 g + Azospirillum 100 g + T.harzianum 100 g/plant;T5: 50 % RDF + VAM 500 g + PSB 100g + Azospirillum 100 g + T.harzianum 100 g/plant. Treat.No.

3.1.1 C) INM in citrus b) Sweet orange Centers : Tirupati

Results: Among the different treatments imposed on 10 year old sweet orange budlings, the treatment T5 with soil application of 50 % RDF along with VAM (500g/ plant), PSB (100g / Plant), Azospirillum (100 g/plant) and T. harzianum (100g/plant) recorded maximum plant growth ( Canopy volume 15.25m3) with the highest number of fruits/tree (405), fruit yield (80.36 kg/tree) and quality parameters (42.75 % Juice & TSS 10.03). The lowest values for growth, fruit yield and quality parameters were recorded in the treatment with the application of RDF alone (control). Soil and Leaf samples were collected and the analysis is in progress. Effect of Bio fertilizers on growth and yield of sweet orange at Tirupati (2012-13) Plant Plant Canopy Fruit Treat Fruits/ Av. Fruit Juice Acidity height girth volume yield ments tree weight(g) (%) (%) (m) (cm) (m3) (kg/tree) T1 1.82 31.31 6.75 372.06 191.25 70.91 41.50 1.03 T2 1.99 33.88 11.23 371.06 186.25 70.59 40.25 0.94 T3 2.09 35.00 10.23 377.44 192.50 80.16 39.50 0.83 T4 2.40 38.71 14.19 384.25 195.00 80.77 41.75 0.86 T5 2.41 41.38 15.25 405.13 198.75 80.36 42.75 0.82 0.77 12.24 77.56 14.11 14.10 3.59 0.16 CD @ 12.67 5% 3.1.1 C) INM in citrus a) Acid lime Centers : Periyakulam Among the five different treatments imposed, the treatment T3 with soil application of 100% RDF + VAM (500 / plant) + PSB (100g / Plant) + Azospirillum (100 g/plant) + T. harzianum (100g/plant) recorded the highest values for number of fruits/tree (1059.3), average fruit weight (40.63), fruit yield (48.98 kg/tree), juice content (28.46 ml), TSS (7.66 0Brix) and ascorbic acid content (35.57 mg/100g). The lowest values for yield and quality characters were recorded in the treatment with the application of RDF (control). Effect of biofertilizers and biocontrol agents on yield attributes of acid lime PKM 1 (2012-13) Fruit Juice Ascorbic acid No. of Yield TSS Treatments weight content content fruits/tree (kg/tree) (0Brix) (g) (ml) (mg/100g) T1 805.7 35.28 34.08 22.35 7.29 32.78

TSS (0 Brix) 9.75 10.05 10.00 10.25 10.30 0.65

T2 T3 T4 T5 SEd CD (0.5%)

926.7 1059.3 845.5 661.1 11.412 25.10

38.32 40.63 35.26 35.12 0.326 0.68

42.87 48.98 38.19 30.87 0.431 0.99

24.55 28.46 22.26 21.95 0.0861 0.181

7.53 7.66 7.52 7.42 0.059 0.130

33.19 35.37 30.14 31.42 0.072 0.166

3.1.1E) Studying on residual and cumulative effect of nutrients in a) Mandarin Centers: Akola: Studying on residual and cumulative effect of nutrient on vegetative growth of Mandarin at Akola(2012-13) Tr.No. Treatment Height of Spread Canopy Stock Scion Combinations plant (cm) (cm) volume (cm) (cm) (cm3) T1 A1B1 110.50 0.31 5.55 6.57 4.42 T2 A1B2 100.25 0.28 4.11 6.12 3.98 T3 A1B3 85.75 0.30 4.04 5.82 3.98 T4 A2B1 106.25 0.32 5.69 6.42 4.02 T5 A2B2 109.70 0.35 6.99 6.80 4.78 T6 A2B3 108.14 0.34 6.59 6.72 4.36 T7 A3B1 129.17 0.36 8.76 7.92 5.38 T8 A3B2 132.40 0.40 11.08 8.62 6.14 T9 A3B3 129.60 0.38 9.79 8.08 5.98 F test Sig Sig Sig Sig Sig SE (m) 1.677 0.0190 1.120 0.460 0.478 CD at 5 %0. 5.038 0.0570 3.286 1.265 1.210 CV% 3.203 3.791 3.780 3.789 4.021 Akola, Chethalli, Ludhiana, Sriganganagar ,Tinsukia & NRCC, Nagpur

Result: The data in Table 30, revealed that the treatment T8 recorded significantly maximum height of plant (132.40 cm) followed by T9 (129.60 cm) and T7 (129.17 cm). Similarly, the treatment T8 recorded significantly maximum spread 0.40cm as compared to other treatments. The treatment T8 recorded significantly maximum stock (8.62) followed by T9 (8.08) and T7 (7.92.). So also the treatment T8 recorded significantly maximum scion (6.14 cm ) followed by T9 (5.98) and T7 (5.38 cm .). Ludhiana: In terms of growth parameters, maximum plant height (2.70 m) and canopy volume (8.14 m3) was observed in A2 which was significantly higher than A1. Treatment A1 showed maximum average spread (2.55 m), rootstock (40.10 cm) and scion circumference (38.78 cm), however, increase in both the circumferences was non-significant. Effect of age-wise nutrients application on growth of Kinnow mandarin at Ludhiana (2012-13). Treatments Plant ht. Av. Spread Canopy Root stock Scion (m) (m) volume circumferenc circumferenc (m3) e e (cm) (cm) A1 2.38 2.55 8.08 40.10 38.78 A2 2.70 2.40 8.14 38.75 37.90 A3 2.55 2.30 7.05 39.06 38.65 CV% 3.76 1.97 5.01 6.66 6.23 CD at 5% 0.21 0.10 0.88 NS NS 0.07 0.03 0.31 2.13 1.95 SE Age-wise nutrients application also influenced fruit quality, where maximum number of fruits (160) and average fruit weight (147.44 g) was counted in A1 followed by A2. Maximum juice % and TSS % was found in A2 and acidity in A3. Effect of age-wise nutrients application on yield and quality of Kinnow mandarin at Ludhiana (2012-13). No. of Average Juice TSS Acidity Treatments fruits/plant fruit (%) (%) (%) weight (g) A1 160.00 147.44 48.50 10.33 0.85 A2 150.33 144.38 52.20 10.50 0.82 A3 138.33 142.48 44.83 10.06 0.87 CV% 4.69 7.83 4.99 1.05 4.15 CD% 15.88 NS 5.48 0.24 NS 5.72 9.25 1.97 0.08 0.02 SE

Initial soil status of the experimental site at different depths Ludhiana (2012-13). Soil depths pH EC OC (%) Phosphoru Nitrogen Potassium (cm) (dSm-1 ) s (kg/ha) (kg/ha) (kg/ha) 0-15 8.2 0.11 0.62 10.7 167 315 15-30 30-60 60-90 Sriganganagar : Experiment has been laid out and treatments are being given since March, 2011. Second years nutrient dose (A1, A2 and A3 were applied to the plants as per technical programme. Plantations are mere two years old. Growths data recorded during 2012-13 are presented in Table 5. Maximum plant growth recorded with A3 treatment i.e. Application of 1/6 of RDF for 1-6 years. No significant difference was observed for B factor as and A x B interaction as B part of the experiment will be implemented sixth year onward. Treatment Plant Height (cm) 103.50 107.01 117.80 3.55 10.56 106.90 109.98 111.43 NS 97.58 107.50 105.42 105.19 109.42 106.42 117.92 113.02 122.47 NS Plant girth above union (mm) 3.17 3.36 3.58 0.10 0.31 3.30 3.30 3.52 NS 3.19 3.01 3.31 3.19 3.34 3.56 3.51 3.56 3.68 NS Plant Spread (cm) N-S E-W 82.44 79.05 86.64 91.06 96.13 93.86 2.86 3.11 8.49 9.24 93.80 94.00 84.22 84.69 87.20 85.28 NS NS 89.50 83.44 75.50 80.17 82.33 73.55 84.85 90.92 82.75 88.00 92.33 94.25 107.04 107.64 94.42 85.92 86.94 88.03 NS NS Av. Spread (cm) 80.745 88.85 94.995 2.985 8.865 93.9 84.455 86.24 NS 86.47 77.835 77.94 87.885 85.375 93.29 107.34 90.17 87.485 NS 8.3 8.3 8.4 0.11 0.10 0.10 0.35 0.32 0.18 10.1 7.5 6.4 120 84 61 260 207 190

A1 A2 A3 SEm (A) CD at 5 % (A) B1 B2 B3 SEm (B) CD at 5 % (F) A1B1 A1B2 A1B3 A2B1 A2B2 A2B3 A3B1 A3B2 A3B3 SEm (C) CD at 5% (IxF)

(A1: Application of 1/10 of RDF for 1-10 years, A2: Application of 1/8 of RDF for 1-8 years, A3: Application of 1/6 of RDF for 1-6 years B1: Application of 100% RDF after 10 /8/6 year, B2: Application of 80% RDF for 10/8/6 years, B3: Application of 60% RDF for 10/8/6 years) Tinsukia The Experiment is in its initial stage as treatments under part B (Nutrient Dose) is yet to be started. The difference in growth of mandarin plants might be due to the variation in levels of nutrient under treatment part A. The plants are at pre bearing stage and hence yield data could not be presented. The experiment will continue. Effect of application of different nutrient levels on growth of mandarin at Tinsukia (Replication mean, 2012-13) Treatment Plant height Stem girth E-W N-S Canopy volume (m) (cm) spread(m) spread (m) (m3)

A1 A2 A3

1.85 1.93 2.15

19.57 18.04 18.67

1.03 1.14 1.12

1.35 1.32 1.21

2.74 3.06 3.05

3.1.1 E) Studying on residual and cumulative effect of nutrients in b) Sweet orange Centers: Rahuri and Tirupati. Tirupati: Table: 14. Effect of age wise nutrient levels and age wise nutrient doses on plant growth parameters of sweet orange at Tirupati (2012-13) Canopy spread (m) Plant girth Plant volume S. Plant Treatments EW NS No height(m) (cm) (cu.m) 1. T1 (A1B1) 1.42 1.31 1.48 14.67 1.48 2. T2(A1B2) 1.47 1.53 1.59 15.58 1.96 3. T3(A1B3) 1.51 1.43 1.60 15.67 1.80 4. T4(A2B1) 1.38 1.23 1.42 13.75 1.27 5. T5(A2B2) 1.44 1.40 1.34 14.67 1.41 6. T6(A2B3) 1.35 1.28 1.34 14.17 1.34 7. T7(A3B1) 1.45 1.30 1.24 13.25 1.23 8. T8(A3B2) 1.42 1.27 1.30 14.08 1.23 9. T9(A3B3) 1.38 1.25 1.26 13.25 1.14 CD@5% 0.22 0.38 0.35 0.38 0.87 Data on growth parameters for studying residual and cumulative effect of nutrients on two year old sweet orange plants indicated that the maximum plant height (1.51 m) and scion

girth (15.67 cm) were noticed in T3 (A1B3), while maximum E-W canopy spread (1.53 m) and canopy volume (1.96 m3) were recorded in T2 (A1B2).

3.1.1 E) Studying on residual and cumulative effect of nutrients in c) Acid lime Centrers: Periyakulam, Rahuri and Tirupati Periyakulam : Data on vegetative characters viz., plant height, stem girth, number of branches per plant and canopy spread were recorded. There were no significant differences among the treatments. Observations recorded on vegetative parameters indicated the maximum value recorded in treatment A3 B1 for plant height (4.42m) stem girth (6.93 cm), number of branches (7.3) and campy spread (5.33 m E/W and 6.69m N/S). However, there were no significant difference among treatments were noticed. Tirupati: Results on studying residual and cumulative effect of nutrients in two year old acid lime plants during 2012-13 indicated that the maximum plant height (1.87 m) was recorded in T1, whereas the highest scion girth (19.08 cm) and canopy volume (3.67m3) were recorded in T5 (A2B2). Residual and cumulative effect of nutrients on growth parameters of acid lime at different centers (2012-13) Plant height(m) Stem girth (cm) S. Treatments No Periyakulam Tirupati Periyakulam Tirupati 1. T1 (A1B1) 3.96 1.87 6.33 18.25 2. T2(A1B2) 4.03 1.72 6.41 17.33 3. T3(A1B3) 4.11 1.59 6.39 17.17 4. T4(A2B1) 4.11 1.83 6.59 18.83 5. T5(A2B2) 4.19 1.84 6.64 19.08 6. T6(A2B3) 4.24 1.71 6.68 18.17 7. T7(A3B1) 4.42 1.71 6.93 18.08 8. T8(A3B2) 4.41 1.82 6.91 18.58 9. T9(A3B3) 4.37 1.78 7.02 19.08 CD@5% NS 0.29 NS 0.37 3.1.3 (A) Fertigation studies in citrus Centers: Tirupati

Studies on effect of fertigation in 10 year old sweet orange plants revealed that application of 50 percent recommended dose of N and K2o (800g N & 200g K2O g/ tree/ year) through drip has recorded significantly higher canopy volume (23.83 m3 ) and fruit yield (413 fruits & 80.95 Kg/tree) with favourable fruit quality (41.69% juice and 10.130 TSS) followed by application of 100 percent recommended dose of N and K2o (1500g N & 400g K2O g/ tree/ year) through drip (T1). Lab analysis for soil and leaf nutrients is under progress.

Effect of fertigation on growth and yield of sweet orange at Tirupati (2012-13) Av. Plant Plant Canopy Fruit Titrable TreatNo. of Fruit Juice TSS height girth volume yield acidity ments fruits/tree weight (%) (0) (m) (cm) (cu.m) (kg/tree) (%) (g) T1 2.82 48.44 20.84 390.92 186.75 73.12 40.50 0.92 9.88 T2 2.82 44.81 18.95 350.35 184.25 64.51 40.25 0.91 9.88 T3 2.91 49.88 23.83 413.23 196.25 80.95 41.69 0.87 10.13 T4 2.88 50.94 21.82 385.27 182.50 70.84 39.88 0.98 9.80 CD @ 0.28 5.87 0.83 1.61 0.15 1.73 0.82 0.07 0.05 5% T1:100% recommended dose of N & K2O ; T2:75% recommended dose of N & K2O T3:50% recommended dose of N & K2O; T4:Soil application of recommended dose of N & K2O RDF- 1500g N: 350 P2O5 : 400g K2O g/plant / year Status: Proposed for conclusion after completion of soil and leaf nutrient analysis