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Rethinking the Country

The Transition from Dependency to Resilience


Monday 27th April 2009 | Tipperary Institute, Thurles, North Tipperary

Rethinking the
Cultivate Centre, City
Tipperary Conference
Institute,The
Irish Rural Link and Carnegie Trust.
Village, ‘09

Making the Transition to Resilience


Opening
Terry O’Niaidh, North Tipperary County Council
Towards Sustainable Rural Communities
Ciaran Lynch - Head of Rural Development, Tipperary Institute
Sustainable Rural
Communities
Convergence
April 2009
A few preliminaries
! Sustaining communities and sustainable communities
! Importance of values
" All visions are underpinned by certain values
" Some of my values are
! That the concept should include the social, economic and environmental
! That equity and justice in a variety of contexts are important elements
! Those to lose should be those that can afford it best
! Importance of facts as well
" The world’s resources are limited – and becoming strained
" For some to gain some must lose
! Concept will always be in motion
! A model can include
" Descriptors of the ideal
" Processes
" Conditions
" Metrics
! A model can help provide a focus for action and a tool for measurement and
evaluation

04/27/09 2
A TI descriptor of a sustainable community
! Shared vision and purpose ! Welcoming and responsive to
! Value, protect and preserve its those of all cultures and ethnicities
natural and built environment ! Provide employment to all its
members either in its own right or
! Consciously seek to minimise its in partnership with adjacent
use of scarce natural resources communities
and its emissions of damaging
material to the environment ! Involve itself in decisions and be
respected and included in
! Create a high quality of life for decision-making by others
all its members ! Structures in which authority and
! Equitable access to services power were shared
and facilities ! Flexible and responsive
! A nurturing social context ! Participate in developing
! A caring community in which the technologies
needs of the marginalised and ! Respond to its global as well as its
excluded would be addressed local responsibilities

04/27/09 3
The Carnegie
Petal Model
The Carnegie
Petal Model
And to do.......????
! Develop a coherent vision for the rural
! Provide leadership to culture change
! Re-education – both formal and informal
! Highlight and promote the successful
! Engage with the centre
! Challenge the current paradigm

04/27/09 5
From Vulnerability to Resilience
Prof. Peadar Kirby - Limerick University
From Vulnerability to Resilience

Peadar Kirby, UL
Rethinking the Country@Tipperary Institute
April 27th, 2009
Introduction

• Vulnerability has emerged as a concept to


analyse the social impacts of globalisation
• This talk:
o Define what it means
o Examine how it points to the need to build resilience
o Discuss dimensions of resilience
o Suggest how we might move towards it
Introducing vulnerability

• Definition:

!In essence, vulnerability can be seen as a state of high


exposure to certain risks and uncertainties, in
combination with a reduced ability to protect or defend
oneself against those risks and uncertainties and cope
with their negative consequences. It exists at all levels
and dimensions of society and forms an integral part of
the human condition, affecting both individuals and
society as a whole" (UN, 2003: 14)
Resilience I

• Vulnerability points to clear policy prescription:


o Need to strengthen resilience
o Resilience is !tantamount to an ability that is based
on entitlement, enfranchisment, empowerment and
capabilities" (CEPAL, 2003: 25)
# Echoes Amartya Sen"s concern to move beyond a focus on
increasing incomes to strengthening capabilities
# Focuses attention on !social arrangements and community
relations such as medical coverage, public health care, school
education, law and order" (Sen, 1999: 22-3)
Resilience II

• How to build resilience?:


o Of biosphere
o Of systems such as the financial, economic, political
o Of sub-systems such as welfare, labour, family
o Of counter-power collectivities such as parties, trade
unions, social movements
• Two dimensions:
o Design of policies
o Politics to implement them
Politics of implementation
• How can we build resilience?:
o Personal actions: reduce our contribution to threats and strengthen our
coping mechanisms
# Collective experiments like Cloghjordan ecovillage can offer models
o But also need public actions to invest in quality public services
# Need a state more committed to developing resilience
• Are such politics becoming more viable amid the
systemic crisis now upon us?:
o Public authorities being forced to curb market freedoms: re-balancing of
power
o Challenge of moving to a no-growth economy to achieve ecological survival
# Urgent need for more public mobilisation and protest to change dominant
agenda: Beyond a Green New Deal
Regional Food
Helen Lawrenson - Falkland Centre for Stewardship, Scotland
Regional Food
The start of an experiment in Fife, Scotland

Helen Lawrenson
Falkland Centre for Stewardship

Rethinking the Country


The Scottish Government has announced its intention to
legislate for an 80% reduction in greenhouse-gas emissions
by 2050- probably the most ambitious climate change
abatement programme in the world.

This is one that cannot possibly be


reached without changing
fundamentally the way we produce,
process and distribute our food.
The Fife Diet
What do Fife Dieters eat?
Dairy
Eggs
Cheese - one variety
Milk and Butter
Ice cream

Meat and Fish


Venison, pork, beef, chicken, sone fish

Fruit and Vegetables


Apples, pears, cherries, plums, rhubarb,
strawberries, raspberrie
s. Cauliflower, kale, potatoes, turnips, leeks,
broccoli, beetroot, spinach, carrots, brussel
sprouts.

Other
Honey, Jam, barley, wheat and other cereal.

www.fifediet.co.uk
The Fife Diet - a runaway success

• Launched in October
2007 by a small group of
families and individuals
• Ran for one year in its
‘pure form’
• Built up a membership of
over 800 - a voluntary
network
• Re-launching as a Food
Co-Op in Spring 2009
Aims of One Planet Food
1. To make a significant reduction in the greenhouse gas
emissions of Fife by reducing the carbon impact of our
agriculture, food retail, transportation and consumption.

2. To create research around the issues of food, culture,


localisation and climate change.

3. To create a platform of ideas for other regions and


organisations to work from and adapt.

4. To measure and capture the process.


Planting a Seed
• A community bakery in
the village
• Transition Falkland
allotments
• ‘Bread matters’ moves
to Falkland
• Urban Allotments
• Flour Power!
Tipperary Diet?
Rural Transport
Vincent Nally - Irish Rural Link
World Cafe

“Given where we are at, what are


you already doing to build
resilience in your communities?”
Enterprise, Livelihoods and Jobs
Ben Whelan - Cultivate and the Village
The Power of One Community
Paul Allen - Centre for Alternative Technology
and Zero Carbon Britain
Re-thinking the Country Conference ‘09

zerocarbonireland
The power of one community!

Based on
What are we aiming to
deliver?
•Climate security
•Energy security
•International security
•Economic security
Charting a new terrain
• Current targets are ‘political targets’

• A need for evidence-based scenario development

• Creating a common, coherent vision

• Endorsing & connecting actions across civil society

• Identifying areas for urgent research


Climate Security - 350ppm
Energy Security
There are currently 98 oil producing countries in the world, of
which 64 are thought to have passed their geologically imposed
production peak, and of those 60 are in terminal production
decline.
(David Strahan www.energybulletin.net)
International
security
International framework:
zerocarbonireland
A technology roll-out scenario
Rather than residing at the end of a
peaking, polluting pipeline, rural
communities can head their own
renewable energy supply chain!
- A ‘cunning meter’

•Meter Ireland’s
daily spend on
imported energy
•Put it on TV at
6pm every day!
Reduce energy demand sector by sector:
– Built-environment
– Industry
– Transport
– Agriculture & land use

(ZeroCarbonBritain identified a 50% overall reduction)


• Estimate Ireland’s ‘strategic renewable energy
reserve’
• Wind, waves, tides, biomass, solar, geothermal…..
• Include only that harvestable with near-market
technology
• Calculate money this injects into the economy each
day
• Identify infrastructure required to harvest this energy
• Estimate jobs created in its construction & operation
euro 1,348,000

! Turn the
weather
into
euros!
Electricity supply & demand
Heat supply & demand
Dealing with variability
• Demand reduced by 50%
• Intelligent demand management
• Generation distributed by region
• Generation distributed by technology
• Storage - V2G, flow batteries, pumped storage
• International integration
Integrated pan-EU scenario
The Saudi Arabia of green power
! An economic stimulus package to harvest
Ireland’s renewable resources will:
– Dramatically improve balance of payments

– Inject revenue into the economy every day

– Create employment & stimulate the economy

– Repay the taxpayer from the sale of energy generated

– Future-proof against energy price shocks & blockades


It just gets better & better
• As we get better at extracting energy through
increasing economies of scale and developments
in technology, the annual yield (and annual
income) increases every year, forever….
• Every island, coast, field, forest, hill top, south
facing roof can become an energy and economic
generator
• Rural economies are at the heart of the action!
Tools & technologies for future-
proofing rural areas
Zero carbon retrofit & new build
Solar pv and solar thermal
Bio-fuels and CHP
Community wind projects
Modal transport shifts, electric vehicles, cycling
Local food links
Local currencies & credit unions
Getting people talking
Getting people healthy, active and fit
Skilling-up
www.cat.org.uk paul.allen@cat.org.uk
www.peakoiltaskforce.net
www.zerocarbonbritain.com
The Power of One Community
Seamus Hoyne - Tipperary Energy Agency and
SERVE
www.servecommunity.ie

Seamus Hoyne
Project Coordinator,
Programme Specialist, Tipperary Institute
Convergence – 27th April 2009

© SERVE Project, 2008


CONCERTO is co-funded by the European Commission
SERVE Region
! Total area: ~ 600 square
kilometres
! Total Pop: ~ 10,000
people
! Pop of Villages: ~ 4,770
people
" Largest energy consumer :
Transport (37%)
" Main Fuel : Oil (75%)
" % renewable energy: 1%
Total Energy; 6% Heat
Energy
" Typical Dwelling Building
Energy Rating (BER): 210
to 300 kWh/m2 /yr
! Total No. of Dwelling
(2006): 4,000 (60%
constructed pre 1981)

CONCERTO is co-funded
© SERVE Project, 2008
by the European Commission
Core Project Activities
! Upgrade Existing Houses
" Reduce Energy Consumption by 30-40%

! Eco-Village
" Buildhighly efficient new buildings
" A new sustainable community

! Measure what we do and prove results

! Research
" Plan for the future

! Train people to build up skills

CONCERTO is co-funded
© SERVE Project, 2008
by the European Commission
Upgrading Existing Houses

CONCERTO is co-funded
© SERVE Project, 2008
by the European Commission
Upgrading Existing Houses

CONCERTO is co-funded
© SERVE Project, 2008
by the European Commission
Upgrading Existing Houses

CONCERTO is co-funded
© SERVE Project, 2008
by the European Commission
Upgrading Existing Houses

CONCERTO is co-funded
© SERVE Project, 2008
by the European Commission
Upgrading Existing Houses

From Old (65% efficiency)

To New (95% efficiency)

CONCERTO is co-funded
© SERVE Project, 2008
by the European Commission
Upgrading –Major Impacts

CONCERTO is co-funded
© SERVE Project, 2008
by the European Commission
Eco Village
132 highly efficient houses
Demonstrating best practice
Range of building types

All heat from renewables


Biomass and Solar
District heating
Communal Services and Buildings
Building a community
CONCERTO is co-funded
© SERVE Project, 2008
by the European Commission
CONCERTO is co-funded
© SERVE Project, 2008
by the European Commission
Seamus Hoyne
Project Co-ordinator
Programme Specialist,
Rural Development Dept
T: 0504 28114
E: shoyne@tippinst.ie
W: www.servecommunity.ie

CONCERTO is co-funded
© SERVE Project, 2008
by the European Commission
Thank you.
Questions?
Seamus Hoyne
Project Co-ordinator
Programme Specialist,
Rural Development Dept
T: 0504 28114
E: shoyne@tippinst.ie
W: www.servecommunity.ie

CONCERTO is co-funded
© SERVE Project, 2008
by the European Commission

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