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FOREWORD
From the 7th to the 10th century, many monks and missionaries left Ireland
for mainland Europe and kept the faith alive on that continent during its
dark ages, when Barbarian invasions from the East resulted in the break-up
of the Roman Empire. Most of these missionaries never returned to their
homeland but endured a lifelong exile known as ‘white martyrdom’.
From the 1570s to the 1680s the Church in Ireland experienced periods of
violent persecution that were in intensity, on a par with what the early
Christians suffered at the hands of the Roman Empire. Nevertheless many
priests returned to Ireland during this period from the continent where they
had been formed and educated. Together with people from all social classes,
clergy and laity they kept the Faith alive in Ireland by shedding their blood
in what was a ‘red martyrdom’.
Tertullian said: “The blood of the martyrs is the seed of faith”. In Europe,
populations tended to adopt the state religion over time.
In Ireland however, the vast majority of the population did not do so but
remained steadfast in their faith. The witness of the martyrs must surely
have helped to sustain the Faith in Ireland during this period. What is more,
in the face of terrible injustices, these martyrs are witnesses to the power of
forgiveness and love, which records often show, they freely gave their
persecutors.
When the early Church received the freedom to worship it promoted and
remembered the martyrs, adding their names to the liturgy, celebrating their
feast days and building shrines and churches where they were buried.
Unfortunately commemoration of the Irish martyrs was largely neglected.
This annual novena (see leaflet) seeks to re ignite interest in those martyrs
already honoured by the Church and also to promote the cause of the many
yet to be beatified. We, in the name of Our Lord and King, Jesus Christ,
Prince of Peace and Divine Mercy, pray for forgiveness for all past hatreds
and profound hurts scarring men, women and children resulting from any
violence, abuse or apathy on this island and we offer this novena/prayer-
walk for full healing and reconciliation.
“Glory be to Him, Whose power, working in us, can do infinitely more than
we can ask or imagine, glory be to Him, from generation to generation in
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the Church and in Christ Jesus forever. Amen.” Eph.3:20-21.
But the souls of the righteous are in the hand of God,
and no torment will ever touch them.
In the eyes of the foolish they seemed to have died,
and their departure was thought to be an affliction,
and their going from us to be their destruction;
but they are at peace.
Wisdom 3: 1-3
Bishop Healy, one of the first bishops martyred in penal times, was born
c. 1543, became a Franciscan priest and was educated in Spain where he
stood out as a brilliant academic. In 1562 he travelled to Rome and was
appointed as Bishop of Mayo there in 1576. Following time in Spain and
France, he and Fr. Conn O’ Rourke left Brittany dressed as mariners and
landed secretly in Smerwick Co. Kerry.
Matt. 10 37-39
Matthew Lambert, Robert Myler, Edward Cheevers,
Patrick Cavanagh and two unidentified sailors.
1579 in Ireland saw rebellion around the country, beginning with the
landing of James Fitzmaurice in Smerwick Co. Kerry on the 18 th of July,
to proclaim war for defence of the Faith against the State. Revolts against
the Queen’s army occurred in Munster and patches of Leinster and
Connaught.
In July 1580 Viscount Baltinglass of Leinster took up arms for the Pope
but despite some gains in Wicklow, the Irish were defeated and he had
to flee for his life.
He eventually found refuge with Matthew Lambert who fed him and his
chaplain Fr. Rogert Rochford and tried to arrange a safe passage for
them. They were betrayed however and with five sailors: Robert Myler,
Edward Cheevers, Patrick Cavanagh and two unidentified others, were
arrested, imprisoned and hanged, drawn and quartered in Wexford on
the 5th of July 1581, following torture.
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“Remember the word that I said to you,
‘A servant is not greater than his master'
If they persecuted me, they will persecute
you; if they kept my word, they will keep
yours also.”
John 15:20
2 Corinthians 4: 16-18
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Fr. Maurice MacKenraghty
He was born in Kilmallock living under the patronage of the Earl of
Desmond. However between 1569 to 1573 and 1579 to 1583, Munster was
devastated by the 1st and 2nd Desmond wars. Desmond captured and
sacked Youghal in November 1579 and Fr. Maurice was his chaplain until
his capture on 17 September 1583. He was sent to prison in Clonmel for
two years but his release was secured by a Mr. Victor White who asked
the chief jailor for permission to have the priest say Mass and hear
confessions on Holy Saturday night. The chief jailor however betrayed
them and the house was raided as he was about to say Mass. He escaped,
but upon hearing Victor White was threatened with death, he sent word to
White that he would surrender. White responded that he would prefer ‘to
lose liberty and life’ rather than that the priest should die. But Fr.
MacKenraghty gave himself up.
1 Cor 1: 18
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The Spirit itself bears witness with our spirit that we are
children of God and if children then heirs, heirs of God
and joint heirs with Christ, if only we suffer with him so
that we may also be glorified with him.
Romans: 8: 16-17
His final capture and imprisonment came in early 1611. At his trial
later in 1612, now 80 years of age, Bishop O’ Devany was accused of
having assisted Hugh O’Neill in his treason which resulted in the
battle of Kinsale. However there is evidence against this.
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Fr. Patrick O’Loughran
Born c.1577. He was chaplain to Gaelic chieftain Hugh O’Neill’s
household and participated in the flight of the earls following the
defeat at Kinsale. He spent time studying in Rome and Douai. On his
return to Ireland in 1611 he was immediately arrested and freely
admitted to being a priest. He was imprisoned in Dublin and tried
with Bishop O’Devany though there is no evidence that they had even
met before.
On the 1st of February 1612, the bishop and priest were drawn on carts
to George’s Hill. A crowd of several thousand witnessed the execution
of the two. The old bishop was now nearly 80 years of age. Right up to
the time of execution offers of pardon and preferment were made if
only the prisoners would take the Oath of Supremacy but they
refused. Bishop O’Devany blessed the public and exhorted them to be
constant in the Catholic faith. The purpose of the executions had been
to intimidate the population. However five days after the executions,
Lord Deputy Chichester reported to London:
“how a titular bishop and a priest, being lately executed here for
treason, are thought martyrs and adored for saints.”
Ironically the executions planned to frighten the Catholic population,
stiffened its resolve particularly among the old English and
paradoxically united the old Irish and old English.
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Francis Taylor
He was born c. 1550 in Swords Co. Dublin into an important family and
married well. He was active in civic roles in Dublin for 27 years before
his death. He was a well-known protector of priests. In 1595 he was
elected as Mayor of Dublin. Arrested after a controversial
parliamentary election, he never recanted his faith or took the Oath of
Supremacy. There is no record of a trial. He died on 30th of January 1621
in prison after 7 years in harsh conditions.
At the gallows, Fr. Higgins was offered a chance to deny his faith, but
declined saying: "I die a Catholic and a Dominican priest. I forgive
from my heart all who have conspired to bring about my death. Deo
gratias."
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St. Oliver Plunkett, Archbishop of Armagh
Oliver Plunkett was born 1st Nov 1625 of a noble Irish family in
Oldcastle Co. Meath. He went to Rome, where he was a student of the
Irish College. He stayed on in Rome as Professor of Theology from 1647-
1669 because of the oppression in Ireland, during which time his own
family was dispossessed of their land. He finally returned to Ireland in
1670 where in his 10 years as Archbishop he had two periods on the run.
However he still actively reformed the Irish Church in which the
Episcopal presence had been practically non-existent during
Cromwellian times.
He was betrayed by some of his own to agents of the State who bore
false witness against him but he forgave his persecutors. In his final
letter, he wrote:
“I am as innocent of all treason as the child born yesterday... so God
forgive them and I do forgive all who had a hand directly or indirectly
in my death and in my innocent blood.”
On July 1st 1681 he was dragged the 2miles from Newgate prison to
Tyburn.
He was hanged, drawn and quartered. Some of his remains were saved
and his head is now kept in St. Peter’s Church, Drogheda. He was
beatified by Benedict XV in 1920. In 1975, he was canonised a saint by
Pope Paul VI.
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BEATIFIED IRISH MARTYRS WHO DIED ABROAD
John Roche,
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Fr. Ralph Corby (Corbington)
He will wipe away every tear from their eyes, and death shall
be no more, neither shall there be mourning nor crying nor
pain any more, for the former things have passed away.
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Rev 21:4
Litany to the martyred saints of Ireland:
Lord, have mercy, Lord have mercy on us.
Christ, have mercy, Christ have mercy on us.
Lord, have mercy,. Lord have mercy on us.
Christ, hear us. Christ, graciously hear us.
The refrain is: Have mercy on us.
God, the Father of Heaven: have mercy on us.
God the Son, Redeemer of the world: ,, ,, ,,
God the Holy ghost, Sanctifier of the Elect: ,, ,, ,,
Holy Trinity, one God, ,, ,, ,,
The refrain is: Pray for us.
Closing Prayer:
Grant that through their merits and prayers we may be a living Church as
witnessed by the way we live our lives, by restoring all things in Christ. We
pray for all those hurt or abused in this country, that they may receive
your profoundly healing touch. Pour out Your Spirit on your people, your
clergy and laity in a new Pentecost. Lord may we never abandon You but
defend the Faith of our Fathers with love, as did the martyrs before us.
Amen. Our Father, Hail Mary and Glory be.
With special thanks to Monsignor John J. Hanly,
postulator of the cause of the Irish martyrs and
Fr. Steven Redmond S.J. who has written on the
Dublin and Wexford martyrs in ‘So Great a
Cloud’ , A record of Christian Witness.