IAM, ACM, ANM, REL

Written by Administrator Monday, 07 September 2009 13:52 - Last Updated Monday, 07 September 2009 13:57

This is usually the first message that is sent when setting up a connection between two exchanges, and consequently it is always sent in the forward direction. When the originating exchange has received the complete selection information from the calling party, and has determined that the call should be routed to another exchange, the selection of a suitable, free, inter-exchange circuit takes place, and an initial address message is sent to the successive exchange. In addition, concerning a subscriber with digital access, the set-up message contains bearer capability information that is analyzed by the originating exchange to determine the correct connection type and network signaling capability. The IAM contains parameters carrying information about the called subscribers number (B-number), the calling subscriber (A-party) type, and other information concerning the routing and handling of the call. In en-bloc signaling all necessary B-number digits are sent in the IAM message. This means that the IAM message contains all information that is required to route traffic through the network and to identify the B-subscriber in the terminating local exchange. After all dialed digits a special digit called end-of-pulsing signal (ST, coded as 1111) is added to indicate the end of the B-number. The mandatory elements of IAM are used as follows: Nature of connection This element contains the information on the number of satellites in the connection, request for continuity check or echo control. Forward call indicators This includes interworking information, signaling system preferences (ISUP required, preferred, not required) and indicators, A-subscriber access type (ISDN or not), and so on. Calling party category This identifies the type of calling subscriber, for example, ordinary subscriber, payphone, operator call, test call, and so on. Transmission medium requirement Information on call type (speech, 3.1 kHz audio, 64 kbps unrestricted digital, and so on. Called party number This contains the number used to set up the connection. The nature of the number and numbering plan indicator is also included. *** ACM (Address Complete Message) This message is sent in the backward direction from the terminating exchange to the originating exchange. It indicates that all the necessary address information is received and that the called subscriber is identified and free and alerted by a ringing signal or some other signal. When the ACM is received by the originating local exchange it initiates the sending of a D-channel message (ALERTING) to the calling subscribers terminal. This message may also contain a number of indicators and additional information elements, for example, echo control information.

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IAM, ACM, ANM, REL

Written by Administrator Monday, 07 September 2009 13:52 - Last Updated Monday, 07 September 2009 13:57

All signaling procedures are controlled by a number of timers. For example, when the originating exchange has sent the initial address message (IAM) the awaiting address complete timer (timer T7) is started. If this timer expires the connection is released and an indication is returned to the calling subscriber. The timer is stopped upon reception of the ACM message. ANM (Answer Message) ANM indicates that a call has been answered. Typically, when this message is received, the charging of the call starts. REL (Release Message) This message initiates the release of a circuit used for a call. It can be sent in both directions. Unlike in TUP or older signaling systems, the call release can be initiated by either of the subscribers or by the network. RLC (Release Complete Message) RLC is sent in response to REL. It confirms that the release of the circuit is completed so that the circuit can return to idle state again and serve new calls.

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