NBCE Acupuncture Exam Review Notes

AcuPractice Seminars
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes
Acupuncture: The Clinical Fundamentals ...................................................................................................3

Introduction ..............................................................................................................................................................3 Books ..........................................................................................................................................................................3 History: ......................................................................................................................................................................3 The Five Branches of Oriental Medicine ...............................................................................................................4 Yin Yang .....................................................................................................................................................................4 Eight Principles .........................................................................................................................................................6 Five Elements ............................................................................................................................................................8 Chronotherapy (The Horary Cycle) .....................................................................................................................11 The Essential Substances .......................................................................................................................................11 The Causes of Disease or Pathogenic Factors ......................................................................................................15 Organs .....................................................................................................................................................................16 Tongue and Pulse Diagnosis ..................................................................................................................................23
Acupuncture Techniques .............................................................................................................................29

Introduction ............................................................................................................................................................29 Clean Needle Technique .........................................................................................................................................30 Risk to Acupuncture Providers .............................................................................................................................33 Acupuncture Patient Side Effects .........................................................................................................................34 Contraindications and Cautions ...........................................................................................................................36 Tonification, Sedation, and Even Needling ..........................................................................................................36 Moxa ........................................................................................................................................................................37 Gua Sha & Cupping ...............................................................................................................................................40
Acupuncture Points and Meridians ............................................................................................................41

Body Measurements and General Point Location ..............................................................................................41 Point Categories .....................................................................................................................................................41 Point Categories Chart ..........................................................................................................................................43 Du Meridian Governing Vessel .........................................................................................................................43 Ren Meridian Conception Vessel. .....................................................................................................................45 Lung/Fei ..................................................................................................................................................................46 Large Intestine/ Da Chang.....................................................................................................................................47 Stomach/Wei ...........................................................................................................................................................48 Spleen/Pi ..................................................................................................................................................................50 Heart / Xin ..............................................................................................................................................................51 Small Intestine/Xiao Chang ...................................................................................................................................51
2010 James Ventresca AcuPractice Seminars - www.AcuPracticeSeminars.com - AcuPractice@Gmail.com 1
Urinary Bladder / Pang Guang .............................................................................................................................53 Kidney / Shen ..........................................................................................................................................................55 Pericardium/ Xin Bao Luo.....................................................................................................................................57 Triple Heater / Triple Warmer / San Jiao.............................................................................................................58 Gall Bladder / Dan .................................................................................................................................................59 Liver / Gan ..............................................................................................................................................................61 Extraordinary Points .............................................................................................................................................62 Additional Meridians .............................................................................................................................................66
Auricular Acupuncture and Other Microsystems.......................................................................................70

Microsystems Treatment ........................................................................................................................................70 Hand Acupuncture Points .....................................................................................................................................70 Auricular Acupuncture ..........................................................................................................................................71
Name That Disharmony / Diagnosis Review .............................................................................................76
2010 James Ventresca AcuPractice Seminars - www.AcuPracticeSeminars.com - AcuPractice@Gmail.com
I.
Acupuncture: The Clinical Fundamentals
Introduction
1. 2.
This is a Review Class Assumes that each participant either knows the information being presented, or knows where to find the information.
B.
Books
1. 2.
The Web That Has No Weaver: by Ted Kaptchuck Acupuncture Clean Needle Technique Manual http://www.ccaom.org/ cntprogram.asp The Foundations of Chinese Medicine: by Giovani Maccocia A Manual of Acupuncture: by Peter Deadman and Mazin Al-Khafaji with Kevin Baker
3. 4.
C.
History:
1.
Seminal & Important Books

a)
Nei Jing: Yellow Emperors Internal Classic of Medicine

(1)
Oldest extant book on Acupuncture & Chinese Medicine

(a)
Probably written between 300 and 100 BCE
b)
The Nan Jing

(1)
Written in the Han Dynasty 206 BCE - 220 CE
E.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes The Five Branches of Oriental Medicine
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
Acupuncture/Moxibustion Herbal Medicine Exercise : Qi Gong Tai Ji Diet/Lifestyle Massage & Manipulation
F.
Yin Yang
1.
General Theory
a) b)
Everything consists of Yin & Yang Yin & Yang are Relative terms that exist only in relationship to one another Nothing is totally Yin or totally Yang If Yin increases, Yang decreases and vice versa Yang produces Yin and Yin produces yang Each is necessary for the others existence Yin & Yang are Infinitely Divisible Yin & Yang are Inter-transformational Inter-consuming & Intersupporting At extremes Yin and Yang transform into one another
c) d) e) f) g) h)
i)
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Functions of Yin & Yang Energies in the Body
FUNCTIONS OF YANG ENERGY IN THE BODY
Warms Moves, Activates, Circulates Protects / Provides Defense Transforms - Brings About Change Holds Up and In Place: Blood, Fluids, & Organs
FUNCTIONS OF YIN ENERGY IN THE BODY

Cools Provides Rest the Ability to Rest Provides the Ability to Recover from Disease Maintains Structure Nourishes & Moistens: Blood, Fluids, & Organs
2.
Yin/Yang Table of Correspondences DISORDERS WHICH ARE YIN IN NATURE ARE ASSOCIATED WITH Excess Yin or Deficient Yang
Chronic / Slow Onset Rest / Nighttime / Sleepiness Curls Up In Sleep - Likes To Be Covered Cold Signs: Pale Efflorescences / Slow, or at least Not Rapid Pulse No Thirst: Sips Warm Drinks Soft/Weak Voice - Introvert
DISORDERS WHICH ARE YANG IN NATURE ARE ASSOCIATED WITH Excess Yang or Deficient Yin
Acute / Rapid Onset Activity / Daytime / Insomnia Stretch Out To Sleep - Throws Off Covers Heat Signs: Red Efflorescences / Rapid Pulse / Thirst: Likes Cold Drinks Loud Voice - Extrovert
3.
Anatomy of Yin/Yang Relationship Within Body BODY AREAS WHICH ARE YIN (CONTRASTED WITH YANG AREAS)
Inferior Anterior Medial Internal
BODY AREAS WHICH ARE YANG (CONTRASTED WITH YIN AREAS)

Superior Posterior Lateral External
H.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Eight Principles

1.
Four Sets of Parameters

a) b) c) d)
Yin / Yang Excess / Deficient Internal / External Hot / Cold
2.
Yin / Yang
a)
Based on the other 6 principles
3.
Excess / Deficient
a)
There are Many Various Signs of Excesses and Deficiencies in Organs, Substances, and Meridians.
4.
Internal / External
a)
Location of Disease or Etiology

(1)
Internal
(a)
Many manifestations within the Organs Bones & Blood
(2)
External
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Skin Muscles Meridians (Channels & Collaterals) Lungs:

(i) Special Case: Upper Respiratory Infection (OPI/EPI/EPF)
5. DESCRIPTION OF CONDITION NORMAL BALANCED CONDITION TRUE EXCESS YIN
CONDITION
Hot / Cold
PATHOLOGY N/A TREATMENT PRINCIPLE N/A
TRUE COLD
SEDATE YIN
TRUE EXCESS YANG CONDITION
TRUE HEAT
SEDATE YANG
DEFICIENCY OF YIN CONDITION
FALSE HEAT
(HEAT FROM DEFICIENCY)
TONIFY YIN
DEFICIENCY OF YANG CONDITION
FALSE COLD
(COLD FROM DEFICIENCY)
TONIFY YANG
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes a) Hot Excess, Full or True Heat
(Usually Seen in OPI Heat)
Deficient Yin (False Heat)

(A Condition which is Yang in Nature)
Thirst
Dry Mouth
Red Face / Red eyes Full (Daytime) Sweat Full Fever Sore/Painful Throat Strong Cough Dark, Scanty, Urine (Burning if severe) Constipation (w/ discomfort) / Hot Diarrhea Full, Rapid, Pulse Red Tongue / Yellow Coat
b) (Often Seen in OPI Cold) Clear Copious Urine Preference for Warm Liquids Cramping Pain Better with Heat No Thirst Chills Pale Face Cramping Pain Cold Diarrhea Thick White Tongue Coat Full & Tight Pulse I.
Malor Flush Night Sweats PM Fever / PM Hot Flashes / Heat in 5 Hearts Chronic, Dry, Scratchy Throat Chronic, Dry, Weak Cough Dark, Scanty Urine Dry Stool / Constipation Thin, Rapid, Pulse Red Tongue / No Coat (Peeled)
Cold
Excess /Full / True Cold
Deficient Yang (False Cold)

(A Condition which is Yin in Nature) SAME SAME SAME SAME Cold Body /Hands & Feet Pale Face No Pain Associated Loose Stools / Undigested Food Pale Puffy Tongue / Wet Coat Weak & Slow Pulse
Five Elements
FIRE
Sheng Cycle >
EARTH WOOD
Ko Cycle>
METAL WATER
1.
Cycles & Pathology

a)
Within each phase/element are Yin and Yang aspects, sometimes referred to as the husband-wife relationship Creative or Generating Cycle (Sheng)
(1) (2) (3)
b)
AKA: Mother / Son Cycle Deficiency Creates Deficiency (2) Excess Creates Excess (1)
c)
Control Cycle (Ko)

(1) (2) (3)
AKA: Grandmother / Grandson relationship Excess Creates Deficiency (2) Deficiency Creates Excess (1)
2.
CATEGORY SEASON CYCLE ZANG: Solid / Yin Organ FU: Hollow / Yang Organ CLIMATE ORIFICE SENSE
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes AcuPractices Table of 5 Element Correspondences
WOOD Spring Birth Liver Gall Bladder Wind Eyes Vision FIRE Summer Growth Heart SI Heat Tongue Speech Blood & Blood Vessels Tip Complexion Red Laughing Sovereign Ruling Righteous Shen (Spirit) Joy Sweat Bitter Burnt PC SJ EARTH Late Summer Maturity Spleen Stomach Damp Mouth Taste Flesh Center Lips Yellow Singing Minister of Agriculture Nourishing Faith Yi (Thoughts) Over Thinking Saliva Sweet Fragrant METAL Fall Harvest Lungs Lg. Intestine Dry Nose Smell Skin Behind Tip Body Hair White Weeping Architect Create Order Vitality Po (Skeleton) Grief Nasal Mucus Pungent Putrid WATER Winter Rest / Storage Kidney Bladder Cold Ears Hearing Teeth, Bone & Marrow Root Head Hair Black (Blue) Groaning Treasurer Store Essence Wisdom Zhi (Will) Fear Internal Moisture Salty Musty
BODY TISSUE Tendons / Sinews TONGUE RESIDUES COLOR SOUND OFFICE & DUTY STORAGE SPIRITS EMOTION BODY FLUID TASTE ODOR Sides Nails Green Shouting General Planning Benevolence Hun (Soul) Anger Tears Sour Sour
10
J.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Chronotherapy (The Horary Cycle)
FIRE EARTH
SP
9 11 AM
HT
11AM 1 PM
SI
1 3 PM
WATER ST
7 9AM 3-5 PM
UB
LI
5 7AM
KI
5 7 PM
METAL
LU
3 5 AM
PC
7 9 PM
LR
1-3 AM
GB
11 PM 1AM
SJ
9 11 PM
FIRE
WOOD
K.
The Essential Substances

1. 2.
Qi, Xue (Blood), Jing (Essence), Shen (Spirit), Jin Ye (Fluids) Qi

a) b) c) d)
Energy, Prana, Life-force, Innate The Body Is Its Physical Manifestation Circulates Inside and Outside the Meridians Origin
(1) (2)
Constitution Food / Drink

11
(3) e)
Air/ Environment
Functions Of Qi
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
Activation Or Movement Warmth Transformation Defense Containment
f)
Imbalances Of Qi
(1)
Deficient Qi (Qi Deficiency)

(a)
Signs & Symptoms (S&S)

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) Fatigue Malaise Pale Face Weak Pulse Pale & Swollen (Puffy) Tongue Organ Dysfunction
(2)
Collapsed Qi
(a)
S&S (Two Presentations)

(i) (ii) Qi Deficiency S & S + Prolapse Qi Deficiency S & S + Heart Attack
(3)
Stagnant Qi (Qi Yu)

(a)
S&S
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Dull Achy Pain / Unfixed in Time And Space Intermittent Or Traveling Pain Feels Better With Massage Strokes Intercostal Neuralgia (LR Qi Yu)
(4)
Rebellious Qi
(a)
Moving In The Opposite Direction

12
(b)
S&S
(i) (ii) Nausea / Vomiting / Acid Reflux Cough / Sneezing
3.
JING
a) b) c) d) e)
AKA: Pre-Heaven Qi, Constitutional Qi Formed At Conception; Inherited From The Parents Governs Growth and Development Stored In The Kidneys Imbalance: Jing Deficiency
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7)
Poor Development In Children Poor Concentration / Memory Reproductive Disorders Loose Teeth Brittle Bones Gray-Thinning Hair Senility
4.
Blood
a) b)
Blood Is Yin In Relationship To Qi Blood Is A Fluid and a Type of Qi

(1)
Liquid Form Of Qi (Yin In Nature)
c)
Functions:
(1) (2)
Nourishes All Parts Of The Body Moistens All Parts Of The Body
(a)
Esp. Tendons, Eyes, Hair
(3) (4) (5)
Maintains Physical Structure Cools Calms

13
(6) d)
Provides Rest & Ability to Rest
Relationships Of Blood:
(1) (2) (3)
Heart: Moves It Through Body Liver: Stores and Releases (includes Menstrual Blood) Spleen: Produces Blood & Holds It In the Vessels
e)
Disharmonies Of Blood:
(1)
Deficient Blood (Xue Deficiency)

(a)
Signs & Symptoms (S&S)

(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) (v) (vi) (vii) (viii) (ix) (x) (xi) (xii) (xiii) (xiv) Similar to Qi Deficiency, but with the addition of Lack of Nourishment, and Moistening Fatigue Malaise Pale Lusterless Face Weak Thin Pulse Pale & Thin Tongue Organ Dysfunction Dry Skin Brittle Hair Twitches And Spasms (Due To Drying Out Of Tendons)
Scanty/Light/Shortened/Infrequent Menses Dizziness Difficulty Falling Asleep (Yin Substance) Dry Eyes (Liver)
(2)
Stuck Blood (Xue Yu)

(a) (b) (c) (d)
Sharp, Stabbing Pain Fixed in Time & Space Tumors Or Cysts (Non-Moving) Swollen Organs Hematoma
14
(3)
Hot Blood
(a) (b) (c) (d)
Red Dry Skin Pimples Rashes Hemorrhage Of Fresh Red Blood (Hemorrhoids, Uterine Bleeding, Urine)
5.
Fluids: Jin Ye
a) b) c)
Includes All Normal Bodily Fluids Except Blood Jin: Clear, More Yang, Watery Ye: Thick, Internal, More Yin
6.
Shen (Spirit)
a) b)
Spirit That Is Stored In The Heart and Reflected in the Eyes Disharmonies Of Shen:
(1)
Emotional Problems, Psychological And Emotional Shock, Disturbances Of Psychological/Mental Nature
L.
The Causes of Disease or Pathogenic Factors

1.
External Pathogenic Factors

a)
The Evil Winds

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Wind Cold Damp Dryness Heat Summer Heat
2.
Internal Pathogenic Factors

a)
The Emotions
(1) (2) (3)
Anger Joy Melancholy & Grief

15
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes (4) Meditation (Over thinking)
(5) (6) 3.
Fear Fright
Miscellaneous Pathogenic Factors

a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) k)
Inappropriate Diet Inappropriate Exercise Inappropriate Timing Parasites Trauma Insect / Animal Bites Epidemics Wrong Treatment Excess Sex
Drug Use, Contact / Environmental, Etc. Perhaps Bad Feng Shui
M.
Organs
1.
Lung
a) b) c) d) e)
AKA: Tender Organ, Master Of Qi Opens To The Nose & Throat Most Easily Affected By OPI Dislikes Cold And Dryness Properties
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Liquefies Descends Disseminates Circulates

16
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes f) Functions
(1) (2) g)
Govern Qi & Respiration Rules The Exterior
Common Disharmonies:
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
LU Qi Deficiency LU Yin Deficiency Rebellious Qi in LU OPI Dampness. Phlegm in LU
h)
Major S&S
(1)
Respiratory
2.
Large Intestine
a) b)
The Official In Charge Of The Dregs Dependent Upon Lungs For Descending
3.
Spleen
a)
AKA: The Official In Charge Of Transportation And Transformation (T&T)

(1)
Governs T&T of Qi, Blood & Jin Ye
b) c) d) e) f) g) h)
Holds Blood & Organs in Place Opens To The Mouth Manifests In The Lips Dislikes Dampness & Cold Functions Rules The Flesh & Muscles Common Disharmonies:
(1)
SP Qi Deficiency
17
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(3) (4) (5)
SP Yang Deficiency Dampness in SP Major S&S

(a) (b)
Lower Digestive Fatigue
(6) 4.
Stomach
a)
The Official In Charge Of Rotting And Ripening

(1)
Prepares Food and Drink for T&T by the Spleen
b)
(1) (2) (3)
Rebellious ST Qi Heat in the ST Major S&S

(a)
Upper Digestive
5.
Heart
a) b) c) d) e) f) g)
AKA: The Emperor Houses The Consciousness / Shen Rules Blood And Blood Vessels Dislikes Heat Opens To The Tongue Manifests In The Complexion Common Disharmonies:
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Heart Blood Deficiency Heart Yin Deficiency Blood Stagnation in the Heart or Chest Heat in the Heart
18
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(a) (b) 6.
Psychological Disorders Palpitations
Small Intestine
a)
Separates The Pure From The Impure
7.
Liver
a)
AKA
(1)
The General
(a)
Charge of Planning
(2)
Free & Easy Wanderer

(a)
Maintains easy going internal environment
(3) (4) b) c) d) e) f) g) h)
Sea of Blood (Stores) The Master Alchemist / transmutes and detoxifies
Opens To The Eyes Dislikes WIND (Heat / Stagnation) Responsible for the Smooth and Easy Flow of Qi & Emotions Rules the Tendons & Muscles Houses the Hun (ego) Controls the eyes Common Disharmonies:
(1) (2)
Liver Qi Stagnation Liver Invading

(a) (b) (c)
Stomach Spleen Lung
(3)
Liver Blood Stagnation

(a)
Painful periods, Clots, Sharp Stabbing Pain

19
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National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes i) Major S&S:
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) 8.
Stress Related Disorders Tight/Tense Muscles Tics, Twitches & Tremors Anger / Irritability Gynecological problems Meridian related Sx.
Gall Bladder
a) b) c)
The Official in Charge of Decision Making Dislikes Wind Very Closely Related to the LR
9.
Kidney
a)
AKA
(1)
Root of Yin
(a)
HT, LR
(2)
Root of Yang
(a)
SP
(3) (4) b) c) d)
Root of Qi Root of Life
Opens To The Ears Dislikes Cold Functions

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
Stores Jing It houses the Will Rules the Bones Housed in the Low Back Rules the Knees & Ankles
20
(6) (7) e)
Governs birth, growth and reproduction. Nourishes and Warms (supplies Yin & Yang to) the Lower Warmer
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
Deficiencies ONLY: NO Excess Conditions KD Qi Deficiency KD Yang Deficiency KD Yin Deficiency KD Jing Deficiency
f)
Major S&S:
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
General Qi & Yang Deficiency S & Sx General Yin Deficiency S & Sx Low Back / Knee Pain and Weakness Impotence and Infertility Incontinence / Urinary Frequency S&S of Premature Ageing
10.
Urinary Bladder
a)
Transforming and excreting fluids via the power of KD Qi
11.
Pericardium
a) b) c)
The Minister: Insulates, Screens, & Protects The Heart Maintains The Order Of The Heart Energy Treats All Heart Disorders Organic & Spirit
12.
San Jiao (Triple Warmer)

a) b)
AKA: Triple Heater, Triple Warmer, Triple Energizer San Jiao: Literally Three Burning Spaces
(1)
Upper Jiao
(a)
LU & HT
21
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(2)
Middle Jiao
(a) (b)
SP & ST Digestion & Assimilation
(3)
Lower Jiao
(a) (b)
KD, UB & Reproductive Organs Elimination & Reproduction
c)
The Three Jiaos are collectively responsible for Water Metabolism (Classically Described As A System Of Sluices Or Waterways)
(1)
Lung Adjusts Water

(a)
Descends & Disseminates
(2)
Spleen Transforms Water

(a)
T & T (Sends it Up
(3) 13.
Kidney Rules Water
Extraordinary (Curious) Organs

a) b)
Fu Shape /Store Essences Six Curious Organs

(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6)
Gall Bladder Brain Marrow Bone Blood Vessels Uterus
14.
Extraordinary Meridians
a)
Names
(1) (2) (3)
Du Mai (Governing Vessel) Ren Mai (Conception Vessel) Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel)
22
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(5) (6) (7) (8) b)
Yang Wei Mai Yin Wei Mai Yin Qiao Mai Yang Qiao Mai
Origin
(1) (2)
Created at conception Deep energies
c)
General Functions
(1)
Reservoirs of Qi
N.
Tongue and Pulse Diagnosis

1.
Tongue
a)
Areas
(1)
See 5 Element Chart
23
b) c)
Color
(1)
Normal
(a) (b)
Pale Red Thin White Coat
(2)
Pale
(a) (b) (c)
Qi Deficiency Blood Deficiency Yang Deficiency

(i) False Cold
(3)
Red
(a)
Heat
(i) True Heat 24
(ii) (iii) (iv) (v) d) Internal External False Heat Yin Deficiency
Shape
(1) (2)
Normal Thin
(a)
Less Substance
(i) (ii) (iii) (iv) Yin Deficiency Thin & Red / No Coat Blood Deficiency Thin & Pale
(3)
Puffy
(a)
Qi Deficiency
(i) WHITE Coat
(b)
Yang Deficiency
(i) WET Coat
e)
Coat
(1)
Thin White
(a)
Normal
(2)
Thick White
(a)
True Cold
(3)
Yellow
(a)
True Heat
(4)
Wet
(a)
Yang Deficiency (False Cold)
(5)
No Coat (Peeled)
(a)
Yin Deficiency (False Heat)

25
(6)
Greasy
(a)
Dampness or Phlegm
(7)
Usual Tongue Combinations

(a)
Pale & Puffy with a WHITE Coat

(i) Qi Deficiency
(b)
Pale & Puffy with a GREAZY WHITE Coat

(i) Spleen Qi Deficiency
(c)
Pale & Puffy with a WET Coat

(i) Yang Deficiency
(d)
Pale and Thin

(i) Blood Deficiency
(e)
Red and Thin with Little to No Coat (Peeled)

(i) Yin Deficiency
(f)
Red with a Yellow Coat

(i) Internal Heat
(g)
Scalloped Edges
(i) Spleen Qi/Yang/Blood Deficiency
2.
Pulse
a)
Rate
(1)
Normal
(a)
60 80 BPM
(2)
Rapid
(a) (b)
More then 80 BPM Heat

(i) True or False
(3)
Slow
(a) (b)
Less than 60 BPM False Cold (Yang Deficiency)

26
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes b) Strength / Size
(1) (2)
Normal Full
(a)
Excess Condition
(3)
Weak
(a)
Deficient Condition
(4)
Thin
(a)
Deficient Yin or Blood
c)
Quality
(1)
Slippery
(a)
Dampness
(2)
Wiry
(a)
Stagnation
(i) Usually liver
(3)
Tight
(a) (b)
Pain True Cold
d)
Usual Pulse Combinations

(1)
Weak
(a)
Qi Deficiency
(2)
Weak & Slow

(a)
Yang Deficiency
(3)
Weak & Thin

(a)
Blood Deficiency
(4)
Thin & Rapid

(a)
Yin Deficiency
(5)
Full & Rapid

(a)
Excess Heat
27
(6)
Full & Wiry

(a)
Liver Qi Stagnation
28
II.
Acupuncture Techniques
A.
Introduction
1.
Acupuncture/Moxibustion
a)
Needles
(1) (2) (3)
Standard Retained Bleeding
b)
Moxa
(1) (2)
Direct Indirect
29
2.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Electro-Acupuncture

a) b)
Milliamp & Microamp Invasive / Non-Invasive
3.
Non-invasive Techniques
a) b) c) d) e)
Cupping Guasha LASER Pressballs / Seeds Magnets
C.
Clean Needle Technique

1.
ALWAYS:
a) b) c) d)
Wash Hands Between Patients & Whenever Contaminated Use Sterile Needles Establish a Clean Field Wash Hands Prior to Inserting Needles if Hands Have Been Contaminated Isolate Used Needles Immediately
e) 2.
Universal Precautions: Prevention of Exposure and Prevention of Disease if

Exposure Occurs.
a) b)
Use with All Patients Hand Washing

(1) (2) (3)
# 1 for Infection Control Soap & Running Water 10 Seconds Minimum Alcohol Based Hand Disinfectants are Acceptable for Hand Washing
30
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes c) Gloves, Gowns, Masks, Goggles etc. when needed
d) 3.
Use Sterile and/or Clean Equipment and Work Areas as directed
Sterile vs. Clean

a)
Sterilization
(1) (2)
Needles & other Instruments that Penetrate the Skin or Touch the Mucous Membrane Bleach Solution for Non-Porous Items
(a) (b) (c)
1:10 solution Bleach: Water Soak for 1 hour Use within 24 hours
b)
Disinfection / Antisepsis/ 70% Isopropyl Alcohol

(1)
Use on Clean Skin to reduce pathogens and inanimate objects on the skin
c)
Clean Technique
(1)
Using Sterilization, Disinfection, Antisepsis, washing, etc.
4.
Clean Field
a) b)
The area prepared to contain acupuncture equipment & supplies Clean Tray or Paper Towel Work Surface
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5)
Sealed/Open Needles Alcohol Swabs Dry Cotton Balls Gloves Clean Instruments
(a) (b) (c) (d) (e)
Gua Sha Tool Cups Forceps Ear Probe Etc.

31
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes c) Off the clean field
(1)
Waste container
(a)
Plastic Lined Paper Bag
(2) (3)
Biohazard Container Other Non-Clean Items:

(a) (b) (c)
Pens Discarded Insertion tubes and wrappers Etc.
5.
Needles Must be Sterile

a) b)
Use Single-Use Disposable Needles Avoid Contamination when removing needles from packaging
6.
Cups and Guasha Tools

a) b)
If no bleeding occurs: Cups May be Cleaned with Soap and Water If Bleeding occurs: Cups Must be Cleaned and Sterilized (Bleach Solution)
7.
Biohazard Containers
a)
Needles ONLY in Biohazard Containers

(1) (2)
Cotton balls, ONLY IF SOAKED WITH BLOOD Cotton balls tinged with blood are disposed in double bagged waste
32
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes a) Disposal
b) c) E.
Storage Transportation
Risk to Acupuncture Providers

1.
Train Staff Carefully in

a) b) c) d)
Recognition of Contaminated Needles Office Procedures Regarding Needles Handling Contaminated Needles Needle Sticks
2.
Needle Stick
a) b)
Use Caution to Avoid CDC Recommends

(1) (2) (3)
Consult a Physician Immediately Test Source for HBV, HCV, HIV within 2 hours if possible Begin Treatment ASAP, if required
33
3.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Blood Exposure

a) b)
Glove Carefully Double Glove when necessary
G.
Acupuncture Patient Side Effects

1.
High Risk Patients

a)
Use Universal Precautions
2.
Needle Sickness / Fainting

a) b) c)
Vasovagal Response Remove Needles, Have Patient Lie Down Perhaps a few sips of water
3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
Pain / Bruising / Swelling at Needle Site Stuck Needle Forgotten Needle Neuritis Moxa Burns
a) b)
Use Caution Assess Patients Heat Tolerance

(1)
Neural injury, diabetes, paralysis, etc.
34
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes a) Treat w/ Western Medical Techniques
b) c) 9. 10. 11.
Sterile dressing Appropriate referral
Abscess Allergic Dermatitis Broken Needle

a)
Leave some shaft visible
12. 13. 14.
Auricular Chondritis Pneumothorax Organ Puncture

a) b)
Eyes Veins/Arteries
(1)
30 sec 5 minutes direct pressure
c)
Enlarged
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Heart Liver Spleen Kidney
d)
Spinal Cord
(1)
Exercise Caution With DU 15 & DU16 (GV 15 & GV 16)
35
2. I.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Seizures
Contraindications and Cautions

1.
Always use Caution when treating Patients who are or may be

a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h)
Pregnant Elderly Imunocomprimised Diabetic Very Tired Very Hungry Under the influence of any Mind Altering/Pain Relieving Medications Numb in an area to be treated
2.
Points Contraindicated in Pregnancy

a) b) c) d) e)
LI 4 SP 6 GB 21 (Caution) Points on the Abdomen (Caution) Points on the Lower Back (Caution)
3. 4.
GB 21 Contraindicated for patients with Heart Conditions Electro-Acupuncture Contraindicated for patients with
a) b) c)
Pacemakers and other electrical implants History of Seizure Disorders Strongly Recommended not to apply electro-acupuncture across the heart (i.e. Chest to Back/ Left to Right/ Arm to Arm)
J.
Tonification, Sedation, and Even Needling

1.
Even / Harmonizing
36
2.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Tonification

a) b) c)
Mild Stimulus Mild Thrusting Moderate rotation
3.
Sedation
a) b) c)
Strong Stimulus Strong Thrusting Great rotation
K.
Moxa
1.
Actions
a)
Warms
(1) (2) (3) (4)
Body Meridians Limbs Uterus
37
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes a) Expels Cold & Damp
b) c) d) e) f) 3.
Revives Dying Yang Invigorates/Moves Qi & Blood Regulates Qi & Blood Opens The 12 Primary Channels Repairs Traumatized Tissue
Indications
a) b) c) d)
Pain Cold Deficient Yang Stagnation

(1) (2) (3)
Qi Blood Phlegm
4.
Cautions & Contraindications

a) b)
Signs / Symptoms of Heat Pregnancy

(1) (2)
Direct Near Fetus
c)
Cv14, 15
(1)
Ht
d)
Face - Hands
(1)
Scar
38
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes e) Bl1
f) g) h) i) 5.
St1 ST9 Over a Tendon Over a Major Blood Vessel
Methods of Use
a)
Indirect
(1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8)
Belly Bowl (Bong Re) Tiger Warmer Pole / Roll On Needle Moxa Instrument Moxa on Ginger Moxa on Garlic Moxa on Salt
b)
Direct
(1)
AcuPractice Recommendation: Purchase Pre-rolled Direct Moxa (SMALL SIZE)
6.
Treat Moxa Burn

a)
Blister
(1) (2) (3)
Cover Do Not Break If It Breaks

(a)
Cover W/ Sterile Dressing
b)
Standard Treatment for 3rd Degree Burns

(1)
If the burn is severe or becomes infected, seek specialized Western medical attention.
39
(2) Keep wound clean 2010 James Ventresca AcuPractice Seminars - www.AcuPracticeSeminars.com - AcuPractice@Gmail.com
(3) (4) 7.
Cover W/ Sterile Dressing Antibiotic ointment, if any
Moxa Practical
a) b) c) d)
Moxa on Needle Belly Bowl / Ren 8 Moxa Pole Tiger Warmer
L.
Gua Sha & Cupping

1.
Gua Sha
a)
Scraping of the skin with a blunt instrument

(1)
Similar to Graston Technique
40
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes a) Often Causes Some Bruising
b) c) 2.
Releases congestion/stagnation Mainly used for stuck/stubborn pain
Cupping
a) b) c) d)
Stationary or Moving Suction Cups Applied to the Surface of the Skin Often Causes Some Bruising Releases congestion/stagnation pain Opens the Lungs/Chest
IV.
Acupuncture Points and Meridians
Body Measurements and General Point Location

1. 2. B.
The Cun / Personal Inch Arm, Leg, Chest Neck & Head Measurements
Point Categories
1.
Front Mu /Alarm
a) b)
Treat the Organ Yin Aspect
2.
Back Shu /Associated

a) b)
Treat the Organ Yang Aspect
3.
Yuan Source
a)
Treat the Yuan/Jing Level of the Organ
4.
Horary
a) b) c)
Element Point that matches the Organ i.e. Fire Point of the Heart Treat the Organ Especially associated with the Horary Cycle
41
5.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Luo /Connecting

a)
Connects Husband/Wife Meridians
6.
Xi Cleft /Accumulation
a)
Pain along the Meridian
7.
5 Element/Command
a) b) c) d) e)
Wood/Mu Fire/Huo Earth/Tu Metal/Jin Water/Shui
8.
Tonification / Mother (previous 5-element Sheng cycle point)

a)
i.e. Wood Point of the Heart
9.
Sedation / Son (subsequent 5-element Sheng cycle point)

a)
i.e. Earth Point of the Heart
10.
Transport (Shu Points)

a) b)
In order from distal end to the elbow/knee The flow of Qi from the extremities to the elbows/knees is flourishing (Nei Jing) Jing-Well aka Ting or Tsing
(1)
c)
TM Meridian Clearing
d) e)
Ying-Spring Shu-Stream
(1)
Used with Jing-well for TM tx.
f) g)
Jing-River He-Sea
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(1) Lower He-Sea 2010 James Ventresca AcuPractice Seminars - www.AcuPracticeSeminars.com - AcuPractice@Gmail.com
(a) (b) (c) 11.
LI St37 SI St39 SJ UB39
Ah Shi Points
a)
Locally Reactive Points
C.
Point Categories Chart

1.
All This Information Should be Memorized for National Exams The Bolded Information is Particularly Useful in Clinical Situations (accd. to Drs. Jim & Chuck) Non-Bolded Points are also commonly used by many practitioners and are often quite effective. YIN Jing Ying Shu Jing He Sea Yuan Xi Luo Back Shu Meridian Well Spring Stream River Water Source Accumulation Connecting Associated Wood Fire Earth Metal LU 11 10 9 8 5 9 6 7 UB 13 SP HT KD PC LR 1 9 1 9 1 2 8 2 8 2 Ying Spring Water 2 44 2 66 2 43 3 7 3 7 3 Shu Stream Wood 3 43 3 65 3 41 5 4 7 5 4 9 3 10 3 8 3 7 3 7 3 8 6 5 4 6 4 5 4 6 5 UB 20 UB 15 UB 23 UB 14 UB 18
Front Mu Alarm LU 1 LR 13 REN 14 GB 25 REN 17 LR 14 Front Mu Alarm ST 25 REN 12 REN 4 REN 3 REN 5 GB 24
YANG Jing Meridian Well Metal LI 1 ST SI UB (BL) SJ (TW) GB D. 45 1 67 1 44
Jing He Sea Yuan River Earth Source Fire 5 11 4 41 5 60 6 38 36 10 40 10 34 42 4 64 4 40
Xi Luo Back Shu Accumulation Connecting Associated 7 34 6 63 7 36 6 40 7 58 5 37 UB 25 UB 21 UB 27 UB 28 UB 22 UB 19
Du Meridian Governing Vessel

1.
The pathway of the Du Meridian runs from the perineum, up through the middle of the spine over the head and ending at the upper lip. All its points are on the posterior midline of the body. It is also the most Yang meridian on the body. Since Yang Meridians are often used to treat disorders along the pathway of the meridian, the Du is important, for treating any and all disorders of the back and specifically the spine.
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2.
Point Name
Location
Main Uses
Du 1: Du 2: Du 4:
Midway between the tip of the coccyx and the anus, locating the point in prone position. On the hiatus of the sacrum.
Hemorrhoids; Rectal or Other Prolapse; Rectal Bleeding Sacral and Coccyx Pain
Du 14:
Du 20:
Du 25:
In the deepest hollow in the low Controlling Point for Lower back. Below the spinous process of Back and KD: All Lower Back the 2nd lumbar vertebrae. Problems, Especially Weakness; Kidney Deficiency Below the spinous process of the Controlling Point for Neck & 7th cervical vertebrae. Upper Back: Pain, Heat & Fevers in the Upper Body; Releases Exterior; Tonfies Wei Qi; On the midline of the head, Any Excess Disorders of the approximately on the midpoint of Head; Any Prolapse In The the line connecting the apexes of Body; Connects with Brain; the two auricles Clears the Mind; Headache At the tip of the nose Nose/Sinus Congestion
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National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes 3.
E.
Ren Meridian Conception Vessel.

1.
The pathway of the Ren Meridian runs from the perineum, up the midline of the front of the body ending just under the lower lip. All its points are on the anterior midline of the body. It is also the most Yin meridian on the body. Since Yin Meridians are often used to treat internal disorders, the Ren is important, for treating many internal disorders and especially those associated with reproductive functions.
2.
Point Location Main Uses Name Ren 2 On the midpoint of the upper border Controlling Point for All GYN of the symphisis pubis. and Urogenital Disorders Ren 4 On the midline of the abdomen, 3 Tonify the Kidneys; All GYN & Cun below the umbilicus Urinary Disorders; Tonifies Jing, Yang, Yin, & Qi Ren 6 On the midline of the abdomen, 1.5 Tonify the Spleen; Relieves Cun below the umbilicus Stagnation in Abdomen Ren 8 In the center of the umbilicus Strengthen Digestion; Diarrhea; Yang Collapse (No Needle-Moxa Only) Ren 12 On the midline of the abdomen, 4 Cun Harmonize the Stomach; All above the umbilicus Abdominal Problems Ren 17 On the anterior midline, at level with Descend the Qi of the Chest the 4th intercostal space Ren 22 In the center of the suprasternal fossa Throat and Swallowing Problems
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F.
Lung/Fei
1.
The pathway of the Lung Meridian runs from the second intercostal space 2/3 the distance from the middle of the sternum to the acromion process, down the anterior surface of the arm and ending at the proximal radial corner of the nail of the thumb. Since Yin Meridians are often used to treat internal disorders, the Lung Meridian is important, for treating many internal disorders associated with the Lungs. These include all respiratory disorders and symptoms associated with colds and flus.
2.
Point Location Name LU 1 Lateral and superior to the sternum at the lateral side of the 1st intercostal space, 6 Cun lateral to the Ren Mai channel. LU 5 On the cubital crease, on the radial side of tendon of m. biceps brachii, located with the elbow slightly flexed. LU 7 Superior to the styloid process of the radius, 1.5 Cun above the transverse crease of the wrist LU 9
Main Uses Mu / Alarm Point of The Lungs: All Lung Disorders Strong, Productive Cough; Any Heat and/or Fullness in Lungs;
LU 11
Master Point of the Ren Mai: Controlling Point For Neck & Throat: Circulates the Qi of The Lungs. Luo Point; Use with LI 4 for Headaches and OPIs At the radial end of the transverse Source Point; Tonifies the crease of the wrist, in the Lungs; All Deficient Lung depression on the lateral side of the Problems radial artery. On the thumb, 0.1 Cun proximal to the Jing Well Point: Clears Heat radial corner of the nail. From The Lungs (Sore Throat, Tonsillitis, Etc); Moxa Opposite Side For Nosebleeds
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G.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Large Intestine/ Da Chang
1.
The pathway of the Large Intestine Meridian runs from the proximal radial corner of the index finger along the arm on the lateral border of the radial bone to the top of the shoulder, crossing the SCM on the neck to the lower border of the ala nsai, on the opposite side. Since Yang Meridians are often used to treat disorders along the pathway of the meridian, the Large Intestine is important, for treating any and all disorders of arm, neck and head.
2.
Point Location Main Uses Name LI 1 On the radial side of the index finger, about Jing Well Point: acute pain on the 0.1 Cun proximal to the corner of the nail meridian; Clears Heat from the Head and throat; (sore throat, tonsillitis, red burning eyes, etc) LI 4 On the dorsum of the hand, between the Controlling point for Head and Face: 1st and 2nd metacarpal bones, Main point for pain and other excesses approximately in the middle of the 2nd in the head neck and arm. OPIs; metacarpal bone on the radial side. (CONTRAINDICATED IF PATIENT IS PREGNANT) LI 5 On the radial side of the wrist. When the Good local point for pain in the thumb thumb is tilted upward, it is in the and area depression between the tendons of muscle extensor pollicis longus and brevis. LI 11-12 Two points, best palpated for. When the Fever; elbow pain elbow is flexed, these points are in and around the area between the depression at the lateral end of the transverse cubital crease and a spot superior to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus. LI 14 Just superior to the lower end of the Deltoid and shoulder pain deltoid muscle. LI 15Anterior and inferior to the acromion, on Major points for shoulder joint pain the upper portion of the deltoid muscle. LI 16 When the arm is in full abduction In the upper aspect of the shoulder, in the depression between the acromial extremity of the clavicle and scapular spine. LI 17-18 Tow points best palpated for. On the lateral Good local points for throat and neck side of the neck, about level with the tip of problems the Adam's Apple, on the SCM. LI 20 In the nasolabial groove, at the level of any nose problem; often used with LI 4 the midpoint of the lateral border of the and LU 7 ala nasi.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Stomach/Wei
1.
H.
The pathway of the Stomach meridian runs from the middle of the lower border of the eye socket down to the outer corner of the mouth, then back to the mandible and up to the corner of the hairline. From there it proceeds down the front of the body along the mid-clavicular line over the ribcage, where it moves closer to the midline and down to the upper border of the pubic bone. From here it travels out to the leg and along a trajectory just lateral to the crest of the tibia, and on to the foot, ending at the proximal medial corner of the nail of second toe. Since Yang Meridians are often used to treat disorders along the pathway of the meridian, the Stomach meridian is important, for treating any and all disorders of and eye, head, teeth, and leg.
2.
Point Location Main Uses Name ST 3 Directly below the center of the eye, at the level of the lower border of the ala Sinus conditions; knee pain nasi, on the lateral side of the nasolabial groove. ST 4 Facial paralysis; trigeminal Lateral to the corner of the mouth, neuralgia; herpes; mouth ulcers; directly below ST 3. gum problems; tooth pain ST 5 Anterior to the angle of the mandible, on the anterior border of the masseter lower jaw toothache muscle. One finger breadth anterior and ST 6 superior to the lower angle of the mandible where the masseter lower jaw toothache, Bruxism attaches, at the prominence of the muscle when the teeth are clenched. ST 7 At the lower border of the zygomatic arch, in the depression anterior to the condyloid process of TMJ; upper jaw toothache the mandible - located with mouth slightly slack. ST 8 .5 Cun within the anterior hairline at the corner of the forehead, 4.5 Cun Frontal and band-like headaches lateral to GV 24. ST 25 2 Cun lateral to the center of the any intestinal problems; front umbilicus. Mu of LI; ST 28 3 Cun below the umbilicus, 2 Cun lateral to CV 4 All GYN problems; damp heat in lower warmer; genital 2010 James Ventresca AcuPractice Seminars - www.AcuPracticeSeminars.com - AcuPractice@Gmail.com herpes; leucorrhoea. Cold and/or blood stagnation in lower warmer;
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ST 29 ST 30 ST 31 National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes All GYN problems; damp heat in lower warmer; genital 4 Cun below the umbilicus, 2 Cun herpes; leucorrhoea. lateral to CV 3 Cold and/or blood stagnation 5 Cun below the umbilicus, 2 Cun in lower warmer; lateral to CV 2. At the crossing point of the line drawn down from the ASIS and the line level with the lower border of the pubic Strengthens and moves the thigh symphisis, in the depression on the and entire leg lateral side of sartorius, when the thigh is flexed. When the knee is flexed, point is 2 xi cleft; acute breast discomfort; Cun above the laterosuperior border of knee pain/weakness the patella. When the knee is flexed, the point is at the lower border of the patella, knee joint problems in the depression lateral to the patellar ligament. 3 Cun below ST 35, one finger Controlling point for Digestion: breadth lateral to the anterior crest All digestive problems; builds of the tibia Qi and blood; regulates digestion 8 Cun superior to the external Helps resolve phlegm anywhere malleolus two fingers breadth lateral to in the body the anterior crest of the tibia. On the dorsum of the foot, at the midpoint of the transverse crease of the ankle, in the depression between Pain/ weakness and stiffness in the tendons of muscle extensor the foot and ankle. digitorum longus and hallucis longus, approximately at the level of the tip of the external malleolus. Clear heat from head, face, Proximal to the web margin mouth and gums between the 2nd and 3rd toes. Jing Well Point: acute pain on On the lateral side of the 2nd toe, .1 the meridian; Clear heat from Cun proximal to the corner of the nail. head, face, mouth and gums
ST 34
ST 35 ST 36
ST 40
ST 41
ST 44 ST 45
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I.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Spleen/Pi

1.
The pathway of the Spleen Meridian runs from the proximal medial corner of the nail of the great toe along the medial edge of the foot, up the leg following the posterior border of the tibia. At he waist it runs parallel to the midline along the mid-clavicular line until it departs to end at the mid-axillary line midway between the axilla and the free end of the 11th rib. Since Yin Meridians are often used to treat internal disorders, the Spleen Meridian is important, for treating many internal disorders associated with the Spleen. These include all digestive disorders and symptoms associated with fatigue, and dampness.
2.
Point Name SP 1 SP 3 SP 4
Location
Main Uses
SP 6
SP 9 SP 15 SP 21
On the medial side of the great toe, Jing Well Point: Moxa for 0.1 Cun proximal to the corner of the bleeding from deficiencies nail. Proximal and inferior to the head of the first metatarsal bone, at the Source Point: Tonifies SP junction of the red and white skin. In the depression distal and inferior Master point of the Chong Mai, to the base of the first metatarsal All menstrual disorders; All bone, at the junction of the red and gastric disorders; masses in white skin. the abdomen strengthens SP, KD, yin, Qi and blood; All GYN; moves the 3 Cun above the tip of the medial lower abdomen; calms the malleolus, on the posterior border mind; all reproductive issues of the medial aspect of the tibia. (CONTRAINDICATED IF PATIENT IS PREGNANT) On the lower border of the condyle of All damp disorders; A mild diuretic the tibia, in the depression on the point medial border of the tibia. 4 Cun lateral to the center of the secondary point for treating umbilicus, lateral to the muscle rectus intestinal disorders; abdominus. On the mid-axillary line, 6 Cun below whole body pain and/or the axilla, midway between the axilla weakness and the free end of the 11th rib.
50
J.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Heart / Xin

1.
The pathway of the Heart Meridian runs from the middle of the axiclla down the medial surface of the arm and ending at the proximal radial corner of the nail of the pinky finger. Since Yin Meridians are often used to treat internal disorders, the Heart Meridian is important, for treating disorders associated with the Heart. These include all mental / emotional disorders and symptoms associated with sleep.
2.
Point Location Name HT 1 When the arm is abducted, the point is in the center of the axilla, on the medial side of the axillary artery. HT 7 At the ulnar end of the transverse crease of the wrist, in the depression on the radial side of the tendon of muscle flexor carpi ulnaris. HT 8 When the palm faces upward, the point is between the 4th and 5th metacarpal bones. When a fist is made, the point is where the tip of the little finger rests. HT 9 On the radial side of the little finger, .1 Cun proximal to the corner of the nail.
Main Uses Seldom used, deep needling can access m. subscapularis Source Point: Most commonly used HT point all heart disorders. Nourishes the HT, Calms the Shen; relieves insomnia tachycardia; heat in the Heart; dream disturbed sleep, night terrors Jing Well Point: extreme heat in the Heart; loss of consciousness; tachycardia
K.
Small Intestine/Xiao Chang

1.
The pathway of the Small Intestine Meridian runs from the proximal ulnar corner of the pinky finger along the arm on the lateral border of the ulnar bone to the back of the shoulder, through the scapula, up to the back of the neck past the ear and ending lateral to the eye. Since Yang Meridians are often used to treat disorders along the pathway of the meridian, the Small Intestine is important, for treating any and all disorders along its pathway, especially around the scapula, and neck.
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2. 3.
Point Name SI 1 SI 3
Location
Main Uses
SI 6 SI 8
SI 9 SI 10 SI 11
SI 17 SI 19
On the ulnar side of the little finger, Jing Well Point: acute pain on the about .1 Cun proximal to the corner of meridian; mastitis; insufficient the nail. lactation When a loose fist is made, the point Controlling point for Spine: is on the ulnar side of the hand, Master Point of the DU Mai: proximal to the 5th MP joint, at the stiff neck; all back pain; stroke, end of the transverse crease at the MS, Turettes and other wind junction of the red and white and disorders skin. When the palm faces the chest, the xi cleft; pain in the meridian; stiff point is in the bony cleft on the radial neck; Shoulder pain side of the styloid process of the ulna. When the elbow is flexed, the point is located in the depression between the local point for elbow pain/stiffness olecranon of the ulna and the medial epicondyle of the humerus. Posterior and inferior to the shoulder joint. 1 Cun above the posterior end of the axillary fold. local points for shoulder pain Directly above SI 9, in the and Range of Motion depression inferior to the scapular spine. In the infrascapular fossa, at the junction of the upper and middle Most important local point for third of the distance between the the upper back, and scapular lower border of the scapular spine area and the inferior angle of the scapula. Posterior to the angle of the mandible, in the depression on the anterior local point for jaw, neck, and ear border of the SCM. Anterior to the tragus and posterior to the condyloid process of the mandible, benefits the hearing; jaw in the depression formed when the problems mouth is open.
52
L.
Urinary Bladder / Pang Guang

1.
The pathway of the Urinary Bladder Meridian runs from the medial inner canthus up over the head just lateral to the midline, down the side of the neck where it separates into tow pathways, both running parallel to the midline of the back. One pathway is located at the distance of the medial border of the scapula, and the other is halfway between the medial border of the scapula and the midline. At the sacrum the meridian moves out to the buttocks and down to the center of popliteal crease, and throughout the back of the calf, to the ankle where it runs just under the lateral maleoleous ending at the lateral proximal corner of the little toe. Since Yang Meridians are often used to treat disorders along the pathway of the meridian, the Urinary Bladder is important, for treating any and all disorders of back, and legs. It should also be noted that this meridian contains the Back Shu Points. These are specific points for each of the Organs.
Point Location Main Uses Name UB 1 0.1 Cun superior and slightly medial to Main Point for All eye problems the inner canthus UB 2 on the medial end of the eyebrow, or on the Alternate point for all eye problems supraorbital notch UB 10 1.3 Cun lateral to GV 15, in the All neck pain, weakness and depression on the lateral aspect of the stiffness trapezius muscle UB 11 1.5 Cun lateral to GV 13, at the level of the Back Shu Point of the Bones: All bone lower border of the spinous process of T1 problems; arthritis UB 12 1.5 Cun lateral to the GV meridian, at the OPIs; headache; cough; stimulates level of the lower border of the spinous Wei Qi process of T2 UB 13 1.5 Cun lateral to GV 12, at the level of Back Shu Point of the LU: all lung the lower border of the spinous process problems; builds Wei Qi; chronic or of T3 acute UB 14 1.5 Cun lateral to the GV meridian, at level with the lower border of the spinous Local Point for Upper Back Pain process of T4 UB 15 1.5 Cun lateral to the GV 11, at the level of Back Shu Point of the HT: all heart the lower border of the spinous process of problems T5 UB 16 1.5 Cun lateral to GV 10, at the level of the Local Point for Upper Back Pain lower border of the spinous process of T6
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UB 17 National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Back Shu Point of the Blood: All blood problems; tonifies blood; skin 1.5 Cun lateral to GV 9, at the level of the problems from heat in blood; Back lower border of the spinous process of T7 Shu Point of the Diaphragm: Hiccough; Hiatial Hernia 1.5 Cun lateral to GV 8, at the level of the Back Shu Point of the LR: benefits lower border of the spinous process of all aspects of the liver; smoothes, T9 harmonizes, and tonifies liver 1.5 Cun lateral to GV 7, at the level of the Back Shu Point of the GB: all GB lower border of the spinous process of T10 problems Back Shu Point of the SP: all SP 1.5 Cun lateral to GV 6, at the level of the problems; benefits all aspects of lower border of the spinous process of T11 spleen 1.5 Cun lateral to the GV meridian , at the Back Shu Point of the ST: benefits all level of the lower border of the spinous aspects of the ST process of T12 1.5 Cun lateral to the GV 5, at the level of Back Shu Point of the SJ: regulates the lower border of the spinous process of and transforms fluids; L1. 1.5 Cun lateral to GV 4, at the level of the Back Shu Point of the KD: all KD lower border of the spinous process of pathologies; regulates all aspects the L2. of the KD 1.5 Cun lateral to the GV meridian, at the level of the he lower border of the spinous Local Point for Low Back Pain process of L3. 1.5 Cun lateral to GV 3, at the level of the Back Shu Point of the LI: low back lower border of the spinous process of pain; colon problems; constipation, L4. diarrhea, etc. 1.5 Cun lateral to the GV meridian, at the level of the lower border of the spinous Local Point for Low Back Pain process of L5. 1.5 Cun lateral to the GV meridian, at the Back Shu Point of the SI: used with level of the lower border of the 1st posterior CV 3 for damp heat in urine; sacroiliac sacral foramen. joint problems 1.5 Cun lateral to the GV meridian, at the Back Shu Point of the UB: all UB level of the 2nd posterior sacral foramen. Problems 1.5 Cun lateral to the GV meridian, at the Local Point for Low Back Pain level of the 3rd posterior sacral foramen. 1.5 Cun lateral to the GV meridian, at the Local Point for Low Back Pain level of the 4th posterior sacral foramen. In the 1st posterior sacral foramen. In the 2nd posterior sacral foramen. In the 3rd posterior sacral foramen. These are the 8 Liao Points: Used for all genito-urinary, GYN, low back & leg problems
54
UB 18 UB 19 UB 20 UB 21 UB 22 UB 23 UB 24 UB 25 UB 26 UB 27 UB 28 UB 29 UB 30 UB 31 UB 32 UB 33
low back & leg problems National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes UB 34 UB 35 In the 4th posterior sacral foramen
On either side of the tip of the coccyx, .5 Coxxygeal pain Cun lateral to the GV meridian. UB 40 Midpoint of the transverse crease of the (used to popliteal fossa, between the tendons of Controlling point for the low back: be #54) muscle biceps femoris and muscle All Low back pain; clears heat semitendinosis. UB 57 Directly below the belly of muscle gastrocnemius, on a line joining UB 40 Upper back pain/tension; used with and tendo-calcaneus, about 8 Cun below UB 67 for spasms of the calf; UB 40. UB 60 occipital headache; neck pain; In the depression between the external distal point for sciatica; for labor malleolus and tendo calcaneus. pain; "aspirin point" UB 62 In the depression directly below the Master Point of the Yang Qiao Mai: external malleolus. Lateral musculoskeletal problems UB 67 Jing Well Point: acute pain on the On the lateral side of the small toe, .1 meridian; turning a breech fetus; Cun proximal to the corner of the nail used with UB 57 for spasms of the calf; back pain; tight hamstrings
M.
Kidney / Shen
1.
The pathway of the Kidney Meridian runs from the center of the ball of the foot along the medial edge of the foot, under the medial malleolus, up the medial aspect of the leg posterior to the tibia. At the waist it runs parallel and just lateral to the midline ending at the top of the sternum. Since Yin Meridians are often used to treat internal disorders, the Kidney Meridian is important, for treating many internal disorders associated with the Kidney. These include all growth development and ageing, reproductive and urinary disorders and symptoms associated with fatigue, and general weakness.
55
2.
3.
Point Name KD 1
Location
Main Uses
On the sole, in the depression when the foot is in plantar flexion, emergency point; loss of approximately at the junction of the consciousness; brings heat down anterior third and posterior 2/3 of the fro the upper body sole. KD 2 Anterior and inferior to the medial malleolus, in the depression of the Heat/Fire in the throat and lower lower border of the tuberosity of the warmer; UTIs navicular bone. KD 3 In the depression between he Source Point: All KD medial malleolus and tendo disorders; weakness in the calcaneus, at the level of the tip of knees; low back; lowered the medial malleolus. libido, erectile dysfunction KD 6 In the depression of the lower master point of yin Qiao; border of the medial malleolus, or Tonifies KD yin 1 Cun below the medial malleolus. KD 7 2 Cun directly above KD 3, on the Tonifies KD Yin and Vaporizes anterior border of tendo calcaneus. fluids KD 11-21 These points are 0.5 Cun lateral to CV line and level with the Ren points. KD 11 begins lateral to Ren 2 on the reinforce the Ren points superior border of the symphysis pubis. KD 21 is under the sternum KD 16 .5 Cun lateral to the umbilicus, level Strengthens the KD with CV 8. KD 22- 27 Beginning at the bottom of the Sternum, these points run to the These points soothe the Spirit, depression on the lower border of the and should be palpapated for clavicle, and are all 2 Cun lateral to tenderness the Ren meridian.
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N. Pericardium/ Xin Bao Luo The pathway of the Pericardium Meridian runs from the chest down the medial surface of the arm and ending at the tip of the middle finger. Since Yin Meridians are often used to treat internal disorders, and the Pericardium is closely related to the Heart Meridian, it is most commonly used to treat disorders associated with the Heart. These include all mental / emotional disorders and symptoms associated with sleep, as well as organic heart disorders.
Point Name PC 4
Location
Main Uses
PC 5
PC 6
5 Cun above the transverse crease of the wrist, on the line connecting PC 3 and PC xi cleft point; chest pain; pain in the 7, between the tendons of palmaris longus meridian and flexor carpi radialis 3 Cun above the transverse crease of the wrist between the tendons of calms the spirit; regulates Heart palmaris longus and flexor carpi rhythm radialis 2 Cun above the transverse crease of Master Point of the Yin Wei Mai: the wrist between the tendons of Controlling point for the Chest and palmaris longus and flexor carpi Abdomen; calms the spirit radialis In the middle of the transverse crease of the wrist, between the tendons of muscle palmaris longus and flexor carpi radialis. Source Point: calms the spirit; regulates Heart rhythm
PC 7
PC 8
On the transverse crease of the palm, between the 2nd and 3rd metacarpal tachycardia; heat in the Heart; dream bones. When the fist is clenched, the point disturbed sleep is just below the tip of the middle finger. Jing Well Point: extreme heat in the In the center of the tip of the middle finger. Heart; loss of consciousness; tachycardia; night terrors
PC 9
57
O.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Triple Heater / Triple Warmer / San Jiao
1.
The pathway of the San Jiao is similar to that of the Small Intestine but more radial.. It runs from the proximal ulnar corner of the ring finger along the arm on the lateral border of the ulnar bone to the back of the shoulder, along the top posterior aspect of the trapezius, up to the back of the neck around the ear and ending just anterior to the tragus of the ear. Since Yang Meridians are often used to treat disorders along the pathway of the meridian, the San Jiao is important, for treating any and all disorders along its pathway, especially around the shoulder, and ear.
2.
Point Name SJ 1
Location
Main Uses
On the lateral side of the ring finger, about 0.1 Jing Well Point: acute pain on the Cun proximal to the corner of the nail. meridian; SJ 3 On the dorsum of the hand between the 4th and 5th metacarpal bones, in the Controlling Point for the Ear depression proximal to the metacarpophalangeal joint. SJ 4 On the transverse crease of the dorsum of the wrist, in the depression lateral to the tendon of Good local point for the wrist muscle extensor digitorum communis. SJ 5 2 Cun above TW 4, between the radius and Master Point of the Yang Wei the ulna. Mai: local point SJ 10 When the elbow is flexed, the point is in the depression about 1 Cun superior to the Good Local Point for the elbow olecranon. SJ 14 Posterior and inferior to the acromion, in (posterior the depression about 1 Cun posterior to LI Shoulder joint pain and ROM to LI 15) 15 when the arm is abducted. About 1 Cun posterior to GB 21. Midway Tightness, tension and pain in the SJ 15 between GB 21 and SI 13, on the superior neck and shoulders angle of the scapula SJ 17 Posterior and superior to the angle of the mandible. Posterior to the lobule of the ear, All Ear disorders in the depression between the mandible and the mastoid process SJ 21 In the depression anterior to the supratragic notch and slightly superior to the condyloid process of the mandible. The point is located with the mouth slack. At the lateral end of the eyebrow All Ear and Jaw disorders All disorders involving the side of the head/face; lateral headaches, eye pain, ear pain
58
SJ 23
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Gall Bladder / Dan
1.
P.
The pathway of the Gall Bladder Meridian runs from the Lateral outer canthus back and forth coursing the sides of the head, down the side of the neck where it follows the top of the trapezius, down to the side of the ribcage, throughout the flanks, to the hip, and down along the most lateral aspect of the leg, to the ankle where it runs under the lateral maleoleous ending at the lateral proximal corner of the fourth toe. Since Yang Meridians are often used to treat disorders along the pathway of the meridian, the Gall Bladder is important, for treating any and all disorders of sides of the head, trunk, hip, and legs
Point Name Location Main Uses GB 1 0.5 Cun lateral to the outer canthus, in the Secondary point for eye problems depression on the lateral side of the orbit. GB 2 Anterior to the intertragic notch, at the posterior border of the condyloid Good local point for ear and jaw process of the mandible. The point is located with the mouth open. GB 8 Superior to the apex of the auricle, 1.5 Lateral Headaches; post stroke Cun within the hairline. speech disorders; enters the brain GB 14 On the forehead, 1 Cun directly above the All eye problems; frontal and midpoint of the eyebrow. temporal HA GB 20 All Wind: internal LV wind and external OPI wind; opens the In the depression between the upper orifices of the head: All disorders portion of the SCM and the trapezius, effecting the eyes, ears, and nose; just below the occiput. All Headaches especially occipital; GB 21 Primary point for neck and Midway between GV 14 and the shoulder tension, pain and acromion, at the highest point of the tightness. ((CONTRAINDICATED shoulder. IF PATIENT IS PREGNANT, OR HAS A HEART CONDITION) GB 25 On the lateral side of the abdomen, on the Front Mu of KD; pain in lumbar lower border of the free end of the 12th region rib. GB 26 At the Upper Border of the Iliac Crest, Main Coalescent Point on the Dai usually at the level of the umbilicus. Mai; All GYN Disorders GB 27 On the lateral side of the abdomen, Secondary Point on the Dai Mai; All anterior to the superior iliac spine, 3 Cun GYN Disorders below the umbilicus. GB 28 Anterior and inferior to the ASIS, 0.5 Cun Secondary Point on the Dai Mai; All anterior and inferior to GB 27. GYN Disorders
GB 29 National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes IN the depression of the midpoint between the ASIS and the great trochanter. When locating this point, put patient in lateral recumbent position with thigh and knee both flexed to about 900. At the junction of the lateral 1/3 and medial 2/3 of the distance between the greater trochanter and the hiatus of the GB 29, 30, 31: Main Points for sacrum. When locating this point, put Sciatica, hip; lumbar to thigh, leg patient in lateral recumbent position pain and paralysis with thigh and knee both flexed to about 900. On the midline of the lateral aspect of the thigh, 7 Cun above the transverse political crease. When the patient is standing erect with hands at sides, the point is where the tip of the middle finger touches. relaxes the tendons; good point In the depression anterior and in for knee, sciatica and leg pain; inferior to the head of the fibula. pain anywhere in the body; shoulder pain Anterior and inferior to the lateral malleolus, in the depression on the lateral Ankle Pain side of the tendon of m. extensor digitorum longus. In the depression distal to the junction of the 4th and 5th metatarsal bones, on Master Point of the Dai Mai: All the lateral side of the tendon of m. GYN and LV disorders extensor digiti minimi of the foot. On the lateral side of the 4th toe, about .1 Jing Well Point: acute pain on the Cun proximal to the corner of the nail. meridian;
GB 30
GB 31
GB 34
GB 40
GB 41
GB 44
60
Q.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Liver / Gan

1.
The pathway of the Liver Meridian runs from the proximal lateral corner of the nail of the great toe along the medial edge of the foot, up to the posterior to the border of the tibia between the Spleen and Kidney meridians. At he waist it runs parallel to the midline until it departs to the free end of the 11th rib, ending at the sixth intercostals space on the midclavicular line. The Liver Meridian is important, for treating many internal disorders associated with the Liver. These include many emotional disorders and symptoms associated with stagnation and wind.
2.
Point Name LR 1
Location
Main Uses
LR 2
LR 3 LR 4
LR 13 LR 14
Jing Well Point: restores On the lateral side of the great toe, consciousness; Inguinal pain; 0.1 Cun proximal to the corner of the groin pulls; moves Qi in the lower nail. warmer; genitourinary issues; stops bleeding LV fire and heat in the head; Heat On the dorsum of the foot, between in the Lower Warmer; Burning the 1st and 2nd toes, proximal to the urination; red burning eyes; LV margin of the web. yang rising HA; Herpes I & II; Shingles; LV wind On the dorsum of the foot, in the Source Point: Primary point to depression distal to the junction of benefit all aspects of LV. Move the 1st and 2nd metatarsal bones. LR QI, Quell LR Wind, etc. On the ankle, anterior to the prominence of the medial malleolus, in the significant depression just Spreads Liver Qi, Regulates the medial to the tendon of tibialis Lower Jiao, Clears Liver Heat. anterior when the ankle is extended (dorsiflexed) On the lateral side of the abdomen, Front MU Point of the SP: Liver below the free end of the 11th floating invading Spleen rib. Directly below the nipple, in the 6th Pain and tightness/fullness in the intercostal space. chest, ribs and breast
61
R.
Extraordinary Points
1. 2.
Points which lie off the Main Meridians There are hundreds of Extra Points, these are a few of the more common ones
Point Name Location Main Uses Midway between the medial ends of the Yin Tang Clams the Shen two eyebrows. Draw a line following path of lateral end of eyebrow down to intersection of line Eye Pain / Discomfort Tai Yang from outer canthus of eye, at Headaches intersection, in depression. Midpoint between Yifeng (SJ 17) and Calms the Shen for An Mian Fengchi (GB 20) Insomnia At the highest point of the nasolabial Bi Tong Stuffy-Runny Nose groove. Midway between the end of the anterior Jian Nie Ling axillary fold and LI 15 A pair of points in the two depressions, medial and lateral to the patellar Xi Yan ligament, locating the point with the Knee Pain knee flexed. Lateral Xi Yan overlaps with S 35. On the dorsum of the hand, midway between the transverse wrist crease and metacarpophalangeal joint, Yao Tong between the second and third Acute Back Pain/Sprain Blood metacarpal bones, and between the fourth and fifth metacarpal bones, 4 points in all on both hands. A group of 34 points along both sides of the spinal column, 0.5 Cun lateral to the Release the Muscles of Hua Tou Jia Ji lower border of each spinous process the Back from the first thoracic vertebra to the fifth lumbar vertebra. On dorsum of hand, between 2nd & 3rd Luo Zhen metacarpal bones, 0.5 Cun posterior to Neck Pain metacarpophalangeal joint Shi Qi Zhui Below the spinous process of the 5th Low Back Pain (Josen) lumbar vertebrae Ding Chuan 0.5 Cun lateral to Dazhui (Du 14). Stop Asthma
62
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes On the dorsum of the foot, in the depressions on the webs between toes, Ba Feng Foot Pain proximal to the margins of the webs, eight points in all. On the dorsum of the hand, at the junction of the white and red skin of the Ba Xie Hand Pain hand webs, eight in all, making a loose fist to locate the points. Acute and chronic Dan Nang Xue The tender spot 1-2 Cun below G 34. cholecystitis In the depression of the midpoint of the He Ding Patellar/Knee Pain superior patellar border. In the center of the heel on the bottom Shi Mian Heel & Knee Pain of the foot A group of 4 points, at the vertex, 1 Cun Benefits: Wind, Eyes, Si Shen Cong respectively posterior, anterior and Ears, Shen lateral to Baihui (Du 20). Yu Yao At the midpoint of the eyebrow. Benefits Eyes Zi Gong Blood 3 Cun lateral to Zhongji (Ren 3) Benefits Uterus
63
64
65
S.
Additional Meridians
1.
The Eight Extraordinary Meridians.

a) b) c) d) e)
Access the deepest energies of the individual Equalizing Qi Reservoirs Link Meridians and Organs Zonal / Planar Tx. Of Pain Master & Couple Points
(1) (2) (3) (4)
SI3 and BL62 TH5 and GB41 LU7 and KI6 SP4 and P6.
f)
Ren Mai
(1)
Master Point Lu 7
g)
Du Mai
(1)
Master Point SI 3
h)
Chong Mai
(1)
Master Point SP 4
i)
Dai Mai
(1)
Master Point GB 41
j)
Yang Wei Mai

(1)
Master Point SJ 5
k)
Yin Wei Mai

(1)
Master Point PC 6
l)
Yang Qiao Mai

(1)
Master Point UB 62
66
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes m) Yin Qiao Mai
(1) 2.
Master Point KD 6
12 Tendino-Muscular (Sinew) Meridians

a) b) c)
Circulate on the periphery of the body. Do not penetrate to the Zangfu. Are associated with and take their names from the twelve primary channels. Originate at the extremities / Jing-Well Points Broadly follow the course of their associated primary channels but are wider. Follow the lines of major muscles and muscle groups, tendons & ligaments Envelop or Knot Into all joints Pain / Trauma Diagnosis
(1)
d) e) f) g)
h) i) j)
Look for area of diffuse pain, considered excess in the TM meridian
k) 3.
Treat acute and chronic painful / tight conditions
12 Divergent Meridians
a) b) c) d) e)
Connect with their paired channel Deeper than Main Meridians Govern the inside of the body Distributed on the Chest, Abdomen and Head Extend the areas of influence of main meridians
(1)
i.e. yin meridians to the head
67
4.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes 12 Skin Regions

a) b)
Related to the Main Meridians Explain Dx & Tx via the skin
5.
15 Luo Connecting Channels

a)
One small branching channel for each of the 12 primary channels, one each for the Ren & Du, and one for the Great Luo of the Spleen Spread from the Luo-connecting point of their own channel to connect with their paired channel. After joining with their paired channel they usually continue to follow their own pathways:
b)
c)
6.
Minute Collaterals
Probably the minor blood vessels at the surface of the skin
68
(1)
69
VI.
Auricular Acupuncture and Other Microsystems

A.
Microsystems Treatment
1. 2. 3. 4.
Ear, Scalp, Hand Find point exactly Apply Active or Passive Movement During the Treatment Look For Immediate Change
B.
Hand Acupuncture Points

1.
Selected Hand Points
70
2. C.
Auricular Acupuncture
71
72
2.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Ear Anatomy is Crutial for Locating Points on Any Exam
a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i)
Helix & Crus Antihelix & Upper & Lower Crus Tragus Antitragus Lobule Cavum Concha Symba Concha Scaphoid Fossa Triangular Fossa
73
Aspirin Uterus
Sciatica
Insomnia 1&2
Sympathetic Prostate (Both Located Internally)
Thirst Hunger Nicotine
Toothache 1& 2
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74
4.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Major Points

a) b) c) d) e) f) g) h) i) j) k) l) m) n) o) p) q) r)
Shen Men Heart Liver Kidney Sympathetic N. Stomach Mouth Thirst Hunger Nicotine Shoulder-Arm-Hand-Finger Back Hip-Leg-Foot-Toe Sciatica Uterus Toothache Aspirin Pt. Insomnia Pts.
75
6.
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes NADA Detox Tx:
a) b) c) d) e)
Shen Men LR KD HT/LU Sympathetic N.
VII.
Name That Disharmony / Diagnosis Review
1. A 24 year old woman presents with the following signs and symptoms: excessive menstrual bleeding, the menstrual flow is pale and dilute, the patient also has loose stools, fatigue, pale thin tongue with a white coat, pale and lusterless face, lack of appetite, weak limbs, and a weak and thin pulse.
2. A 24 year old woman presents with the following signs and symptoms: PMS mood swings, severe tenderness, and abdominal pain all increasing until the first day of bleeding; chronic neck and shoulder tension, pain in rib cage, plumb pit throat, pain on palpation on abdomen lower left side, slightly purple tongue, wiry pulse.
3. A 36 year old woman presents with the following signs and symptoms: postpartum depression, fatigue, palpitations, a weak thin pulse, forgetfulness, confusion, pale thin tongue with white coat. and a pale lusterless face.
4. A 48 year old woman presents with the following signs and symptoms: insomnia, chronic dry, sore throat, malor flush, restlessness, palpitations, weak legs, low back pain, dark scanty urination, thin red tongue with a peeled coat, thin rapid pulse.
5. A 52 year old man presents with the following signs and symptoms: sore low back which feels better with heat, frequent clear copious urination, low sex drive, fatigue, pale face, a weak and slow pulse, and a pale & puffy tongue with a wet coat.
6. A 22 year old man presents with the following acute signs and symptoms: severe sore throat, fever, restlessness, dry stools with constipation, full and rapid pulse, red tongue with a yellow coat.
7.
A 44 year old man presents with the following signs and symptoms: fatigue, chronic diarrhea / loose
National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes stools often containing mucous, overweight, pale swollen tongue with a greasy white coat, pale face, and a slippery, weak pulse.
8.
A 36 year old man presents with the following signs and symptoms: asthma, restlessness, insomnia, chronic dry non-productive cough, thin and rapid pulse, thin red tongue with no coat.
Answers: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Spleen Blood Deficiency Liver Qi Stagnation Blood Deficiency or Heart Blood Deficiency Kidney Yin Deficiency Kidney Yang Deficiency Wind Heat / AKA OPI Heat / AKA True or Excess and/or External Heat Spleen Qi Deficiency (with Dampness) Lung Yin Deficiency
77

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AcuPractice Seminars

National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes

Acupuncture: The Clinical Fundamentals ...................................................................................................3

Acupuncture Techniques .............................................................................................................................29

Acupuncture Points and Meridians ............................................................................................................41

Auricular Acupuncture and Other Microsystems.......................................................................................70

Name That Disharmony / Diagnosis Review .............................................................................................76

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Acupuncture: The Clinical Fundamentals

Seminal & Important Books

Nei Jing: Yellow Emperors Internal Classic of Medicine

Oldest extant book on Acupuncture & Chinese Medicine

Probably written between 300 and 100 BCE

The Nan Jing

Written in the Han Dynasty 206 BCE - 220 CE

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FUNCTIONS OF YIN ENERGY IN THE BODY

BODY AREAS WHICH ARE YANG (CONTRASTED WITH YIN AREAS)

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National Acupuncture Exam Review Class Lecture Notes Eight Principles

Four Sets of Parameters

Yin / Yang Excess / Deficient Internal / External Hot / Cold

Based on the other 6 principles

Location of Disease or Etiology

Many manifestations within the Organs Bones & Blood

Skin Muscles Meridians (Channels & Collaterals) Lungs:

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TRUE EXCESS YANG CONDITION

DEFICIENCY OF YIN CONDITION

DEFICIENCY OF YANG CONDITION

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Deficient Yin (False Heat)

Excess /Full / True Cold

Deficient Yang (False Cold)

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Sheng Cycle >

Cycles & Pathology

Control Cycle (Ko)

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The Essential Substances

Qi, Xue (Blood), Jing (Essence), Shen (Spirit), Jin Ye (Fluids) Qi

Constitution Food / Drink

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Activation Or Movement Warmth Transformation Defense Containment

Deficient Qi (Qi Deficiency)

Signs & Symptoms (S&S)

S&S (Two Presentations)

Stagnant Qi (Qi Yu)

Moving In The Opposite Direction

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Blood Is Yin In Relationship To Qi Blood Is A Fluid and a Type of Qi

Liquid Form Of Qi (Yin In Nature)

Esp. Tendons, Eyes, Hair

(3) (4) (5)

Maintains Physical Structure Cools Calms

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Provides Rest & Ability to Rest

Deficient Blood (Xue Deficiency)

Signs & Symptoms (S&S)

Stuck Blood (Xue Yu)

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Emotional Problems, Psychological And Emotional Shock, Disturbances Of Psychological/Mental Nature