ABB - DOC - User Manual

Release 1.0.0.
0007
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1.
WARNINGS ........................................................................................................ 5
2.
2.1.
INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................. 6
Presentation of the Program .................................................................................7
3.
3.1. 3.2. 3.3. 3.4.
STARTING TO WORK WITH DOC ............................................................ 10

Profile Selection ...................................................................................................11 Plant General Properties .....................................................................................12 Layout Selection ..................................................................................................19 Main Window .......................................................................................................20
4.
4.1. 4.2. 4.3. 4.4. 4.5. 4.6. 4.7.
DRAWING THE SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM .............................................. 22

General indications on the drawing ..................................................................23 Drawing with Macro Objects..............................................................................23 Examples ..............................................................................................................27 Drawing an MV-LV Single-line Diagram with Macro Objects .........................33 Drawing and Defining a Network UPS Generator Group Changeover .......38 Modifying the Drawing ........................................................................................41 Labels....................................................................................................................42
DOC User Manual - Page 2 of 150
5.
5.1. 5.2. 5.3. 5.4. 5.5.
CALCULATION AND DIMENSIONING .................................................... 47

Calculation and Dimensioning...........................................................................48 Error Messages .....................................................................................................51 Failed Selection of Single Objects .....................................................................53 Calculation and Dimensioning Results ..............................................................55 Changing the Dimensioning Results. .................................................................56
6.
6.1. 6.2.
VERIFICATION AND PROTECTIONS ...................................................... 58

Verifications and Protections..............................................................................59 Printing Options for the Curves Module .............................................................71
7.
7.1.
DRAWING DIAGRAMS OF AUXILIARIES............................................... 74

Drawing the Key Diagram of the Auxiliary Circuits ..........................................75
8.
8.1. 8.2. 8.3. 8.4.
PRINTING THE DOCUMENTATION......................................................... 80

Project Documentation Manager ......................................................................81 Creating the Project Documentation ................................................................82 Print Preview .........................................................................................................92 Commands for Managing the Project Documentation ...................................93
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ANNEX A: LIST OF COMMANDS ....................................................................... 95

File Menu ..........................................................................................................................96 Edit Menu..........................................................................................................................97 Objects Menu ..................................................................................................................98 MV Objects Menu..........................................................................................................100 Tools Menu .....................................................................................................................101 View Menu .....................................................................................................................106 Help Menu ......................................................................................................................107 MV Macros .....................................................................................................................107 LV Macros.......................................................................................................................111 Auxiliaries Macro...........................................................................................................115
ANNEX B: LIST AND DESCRIPTION OF THE SINGLE OBJECTS AND OF THE RELATIVE CONTROL PANELS............................................................... 116
Windows of MV Single Objects.....................................................................................117 Windows of LV Single Objects ......................................................................................123
1. Warnings
Notes ABB S.p.A - ABB SACE Division responsibility towards the user necessarily presumes that the program has been used in a professionally correct manner and that the user has followed all the given precautions/instructions. Even in the case of program defects which have been detected and verified, ABB S.p.A - ABB SACE Division shall only be responsible for repairing the program in a reasonable length of time. ABB S.p.A - ABB SACE Division declines all responsibility for either direct or indirect damages, however caused, to the user or third parties by use or non-use or late availability of the program, magnetic support or documentation supplied. The user must: - check the use of the program supplied by ABB S.p.A - ABB SACE Division and the reliability and accuracy of the data entered, and also that the data entered fully corresponds with and is consistent with the printed results; - take all necessary precautions to safeguard and preserve data and to allow him to reconstruct data using his own means should the data be lost or destroyed due to an error in handling or entering data and/or an error in using the program, or even an operational defect of the program and/or processor used; - ensure that the program is only used by professionally and technically qualified personnel able to use it correctly. The user must follow the instructions and notes given and take all the precautions recommended at all times. ABB S.p.A - ABB SACE Division declines all responsibility if the user does not follow the instructions for operation and use indicated. ABB S.p.A - ABB SACE Division declines all responsibility for any damages due to destruction of data files or other occurrences caused by not having followed the instructions and precautions indicated, by not having used the program correctly or due to an operational defect of the computer used, whatever the cause of this operational defect may be. ABB S.p.A - ABB SACE Division declines all responsibility for mistakes by the user concerning the use of DOC and any mistakes and/or inaccuracies contained in the data and/or data combinations entered. ABB S.p.A - ABB SACE Division reserves the right to modify and/or update the program and relevant instructions, at any such time that it is deemed necessary or opportune, in the light of new provisions of law and technological, management or operational developments. Conditions of use: - The program is protected by Copyright. - No unauthorized copies of the program and relevant documentation are permitted. - Changing, adapting, re-designing or creating applications based on the program itself, on the files or documentation supplied is forbidden. - ABB S.p.A - ABB SACE Division reserves the right to take legal action to protect its interests. The software is not for sale and is distributed for promotional purposes only.
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2. INTRODUCTION
This chapter describes: the list of DOC functionalities; the applications which can be made with DOC.
2.1.
Presentation of the Program

DOC is the ABB program for drawing and calculating single-line diagrams of low and medium voltage electrical plants, for selection of the switching and protection devices and for verifying coordination of the protections. DOC is aimed at all professionals in the electrical sector looking for a precise but simple and rapid tool, which helps them to do their work. The main functionalities of the program are: Drawing the single-line electric diagram. Drawing the key diagram of the auxiliary circuits. Calculation of line current and voltage drops. Calculation of short-circuit currents. Dimensioning low and medium voltage cables. Dimensioning switching and protection devices. Calculation of overtemperatures in ANS switchboards. Setting and coordination of protection devices. Verifying cable protection. Printing the single-line diagram and project documentation.
The program can calculate electric networks with the following characteristics: Medium voltage: Vn 36kV 50/60Hz State of the neutral: Insulated / Compensated Low voltage: Vn 1kV 50/60Hz Three-phase power supplies with and without neutral, two-phase and single-phase Distribution system : TT TN-S TN-C IT Unlimited number of levels and departures. Several distribution systems in the same network Three-phase networks with single-phase and two-phase loads Plants with service generator. Plants in cogeneration. Plants with back-up transformers. Island operation, without restrictions on the number of generators.
Colors of the Single-line Diagram To help in reading this document, the images of the single-line diagram have where possible been made with a white background and therefore with a configuration of colors different from the one predefined in the program. To use the program it is advisable to use the predefined colors (black background and green, yellow or red symbols according to their state). Further clarifications about color management are available in chap. 3.4.1 .
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DOC: Drawing the Single-line Diagram
DOC: Cable Section Calculation; Short-circuit Calculations
DOC: Cable Protection and Selectivity Verification
DOC: Printing Project Documentation
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3. Starting to work with DOC

This chapter describes operations preliminary to drawing the single-line diagram; description of the work environment; personalization of the work environment. After reading this chapter, the user will be able to: personalize the appearance of the program; select the utility; define the plant general properties; select the layout.
3.1.
Profile Selection
DOC can be used either in the Light or Professional Profile according to requirements, combining calculation precision with rapidity of project execution in the best way. The Light Profile, with simple and immediate use, is recommended for drawing diagrams and doing calculations with a low level of complexity and with low voltage or schematized supply by means of a MV/LV transformer. On the other hand, the Professional Profile, which makes all the DOC functionalities available, is recommended for drawing and calculation of complex diagrams with medium voltage supply or with supply by means of generators. On program start-up, the window for selection of the Profile to use DOC with is shown.
Window for Profile Selection
Deactivate / Reactivate the Window for Profile Selection. Profile selection can be deactivated by choosing the Do not ask again on start/up option. In this case DOC will start up with the last Profile selected. Profile selection can be reactivated from the Tools Options menu.
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3.2.
Plant General Properties

The plant general properties window allows you to define the type of plant to be made. The window is available in simplified mode (Light Profile) and in advanced mode (Professional Profile). In both cases it is possible to select the type of supply at the top, whereas in the lower part the parameters common to the whole single-line diagram are defined.
Plant General Properties Light Profile and Professional Profile LV Supply This is the supply suitable for representing civil, service sector plants or small-sized industrial applications. The only parameter required to define the supply is the three-phase short-circuit current. The calculator-shaped button allows data input by providing the value of the three-phase fault impedance value or of the short-circuit apparent power. It is also possible to personalize the short-circuit power factor value (needed for calculation of the short-circuit current peak value) and the phase-neutral and phase-ground short-circuit current value at the supply (defined in terms of percentage in relation to the three-phase fault current).
Calculator for defining the LV short-circuit If the exact value of the short-circuit current at the supply is not known, it is possible to use the short-time withstand current of the main switchboard (Icw), or the breaking capacity value of the main circuit-breaker (Icu or Icn).
LV Supply: representation in the single-line diagram MV-LV Trafo This is the supply suitable for representing medium-large power plants when it is not necessary to coordinate the protections between the MV side and the LV side of the transformer/s. It is also useful for verifying the voltage drop from the transformer secondary to the last load (without considering the voltage drop inside the transformer which would be counted by DOC if the Transformer with 2 windings Single Object was used). The parameters needed to define the supply are the number, the rated power and the rated short-circuit voltage of the transformer/s.
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MV-LV Trafo: representation in the single-line diagram in the case of a transformer MV Supply This is the supply suitable for representing the medium voltage section in a large-sized plant as well, selecting the MV side switching and protection devices and coordinating them with the LV side of the plant. The parameters needed to define the supply (normally communicated by the power utility company) are: The rated voltage. The short-circuit current. The ground fault current at the point of delivery. The state (insulated / compensated) of the neutral. The calculator-shaped button allows input of the short-circuit current value in an alternative way, when the three-phase fault impedance or the apparent short-circuit power are known. It is also possible to personalize the short-circuit power factor value (needed for calculation of the short-circuit current peak value). Finally, input of the ground fault current value in an alternative way is possible when the capacity to ground or the Petersen coil parameters are known (only in the case of compensated neutral).
MV supply: Calculator for defining the MV short-circuit
Calculation of the Ground Fault according to the State of the Neutral The formulae used by DOC for calculation of the ground fault are given below with special attention to the parameters available for defining the MV short-circuit. System with insulated neutral
3Io = 3 1,1 V (2 f ) Ce
System with compensated neutral
1,1 V 3Io = Igr 2 + Igi 2 = + 3 1,1 V ((2 f ) Ce ) 1 3 (2 f ) Lp Rp

2
where: - 3Io [A]: - 1,1V [V]: -f - Ce - Igr - Rp - Igi [Hz]: [F]: [A]: []: [A]: ground fault current taken from the Homopolar transformer phase voltage corrected according to the c factor of the IEC 60909-0 Standard frequency capacity to ground of the network on the supply side of the utility real component of the ground fault current due to the resistance of the Petersen coil (Rp) resistance of the Petersen coil imaginary component of the ground fault current equal to the vectorial sum of the capacitive contribution of the network (Ce) and of the inductive contribution of the Petersen coil (Lp) inductance of the Petersen coil
- Lp
[mH]:
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MV Supply: representation in the single-line diagram Generator This is the supply suitable for representing plants totally supplied in an island, such as ships or off-shore platforms. To define the supply it is sufficient to indicate the rated voltage value of the generator. Subsequently it will be possible to define the generator with all its parameters or to select it from the list of those available in DOC.
Selection of the Generator Supply The Generator supply must not be used in the case of cogeneration or service generators (Cf. Chapter 4.5) In these cases it is advisable to use another of the supplies available and subsequently represent the generator by means of the Generator Single Object.
Generator: representation in the single-line diagram
Panel for Setting LV section parameters The panel allows the preset value for the main parameters characterizing the LV section of the plant to be defined. Precise setting of the parameters means the drawing and data input stages can be speeded up. Parts of the plant which must have different parameter values (for example, you select Phases = LLLN, but you also have to represent single-phase loads) can be customized afterwards during drawing (Cf. point 3 of Chapter 4.2) Rated voltage: a list of the standardized voltages is available. In any case, it is possible to manually digit a value between 0V and 1000V as you want Distributed phases: all possible combinations in a three-phase system are available (LLLN, LLL, LLN, LL, L1N, L2N, L3N) Distribution system: TN-C, TN-S, TT and IT distribution systems are available. It is advisable to set the distribution system of the supply. Indications are given below about how to proceed in the case where there are plant sections present with a different distribution system (for example, sections managed with the TN-S system in plants with TN-C supply)
Rated frequency Selection of the number of poles according to the distributed phases: It is possible to indicate your own preferences to DOC regarding management of the neutral in LLLN and LN circuits. Selection of the reference Standard for miniature circuit-breakers: DOC is able to select the modular protection devices according to the correct product Standard according to the type of plant. In particular, for industrial plants, the nameplate values declared according to the IEC 60947-2 product Standard are used, whereas for plants in the civil/service sector, the nameplate values declared according to the IEC 60898 product Standard are used Automatic optimization of the neutral: when active, DOC proposes the neutral of the cables with sections equal to 50% of the phase section (only under the conditions permitted by the Standard!). Otherwise the neutral conductor has a section the same as that of the phases.
Panel for Plant loads After calculation of the single-line diagram drawn, the plant load data are given in this panel in terms of: Active power Reactive power Current Power factor
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Advanced settings Further advanced level settings are available which are already predefined with values that do not normally need to be changed. The advanced settings are always visible if you use the Professional Profile. When using the Light Profile, you can access them by pressing the Advanced settings button. The advanced settings provided are: Selection of the Standards for the short-circuit calculations between: o IEC 60909 (International Standard for 50-60Hz applications) o IEC 61363 (Naval Applications) o NFC 15-100 (French Standard) o Method of the symmetrical components. Selection of the Standard for dimensioning low voltage cables among: o CEI 64-8 (Italian Standard) o IEC 60092 (Naval Applications) o IEC 60364 (International Standard) o UNE 20460 (Spanish Standard) o VDE 294 (German Standard) o NFC 15-100 (French Standard) Temperature: ambient temperature value (used for calculation of switchboard overtemperatures) and the one inside switchboards (presumed or calculated by DOC; used to consider any temperature derating in of the performance of the protection device) Protection of people: contains the parameters used by DOC to verify protection against indirect contacts: Contact voltage; Tripping time; Resistance of the ground plate (cf. Chapter 6.1.1 for a description of their use). Automatic selection of the type of circuit-breaker: data to guide DOC in selecting Miniature, Molded-case or Air circuit-breakers according to the current.
3.3.
Layout Selection
Once the general plant properties have been defined, DOC allows the layout to be used to be defined among the following types: MV columns (recommended for drawing diagrams of MV compartments) LV columns (recommended for drawing LV plants) Free (recommended for producing extremely customized and/or special diagrams on A2, A1, A0 page formats) To make selection easier, a preview is available of all the possible layouts.
Previews of the MV columns, LV columns and Free layouts
Changing the Layout during Diagram Drawing During drawing of a diagram, it may be necessary to change the layout in relation to the one selected previously (for example, MV columns on the first page and LV columns on the following pages). This is possible by using the Change layout page dimensions command in the View menu. The Change layout page dimensions icon is available in the View toolbar.
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3.4.
Main Window
(1) Menus and toolbars In this area there are the commands used for managing files, the commands for drawing and the program functionalities. (2) Macro Objects The Macro Object area contains all the macro-blocks, i.e. blocks consisting of several Single Objects, which allow rapid diagram drawing. The contents of this area are contextual to the type of diagram you are drawing (MV, LV or of the auxiliaries). (3) Drawing sheet This is the area where the project to be made with DOC takes shape. It is the page, complete with layout, just as it can be printed to document the project. (4) Work flow The Work flow toolbar has the aim of guiding the user during the main stages of carrying out the project.
DOC work Area The work flow, from which the name of the relative Toolbar comes, to be followed to work best with DOC, is as follows: Drawing the Medium Voltage network (Cf. Chapter 4.4). Drawing the Low Voltage departures (Cf. Chapters 4.2 and 4.3). Calculating and dimensioning the plant (Cf. Chapter 5). Curve verification and drawing (cf. Chapter 6). Functional drawing of the auxiliary circuit electric diagrams (Cf. Chapter 7). Creating and printing the documentation (Cf. Chapter 8).
3.4.1.
Personalizing the Main Window

The appearance of the main window of DOC can be customized by changing the colors of the diagram and the presence and position of the toolbars. This way you can work in a way closer to your own habits.
Colors To change the colors, use the Preferences command in the Tools menu. The settings are on the Colors page. The colors which define the state of the Single Objects can be changed, as well as the work sheet background color.
Window for personalizing the colors The profile of the colors preset in the program have the following meanings: Color Meaning Yellow Single Object to be dimensioned or checked Green Single Object dimensioned correctly Red Single Object with problems or errors Brown Single Object not supplied in the present network configuration
Toolbars The Toolbars can be enabled disabled by the Toolbars command in the View menu. It is also possible to move the Toolbars into your favorite position of the work environment by dragging them with the mouse. Visibility of the Macro Objects bars is a function of the active work flow button. Their position can be customized in the same way as the other Toolbars.
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4. Drawing the single-line diagram

This chapter describes: drawing the single-line diagram of Low Voltage networks; drawing the single-line diagram of Medium Voltage networks; network data input; managing several power supplies in the same project. After reading this chapter, the user will be able to: use the Single Objects and Macro Objects to draw the single-line diagram of Medium and Low Voltage networks; draw all types of diagrams, even those consisting of several switchboards and shown over several pages; define the characteristics of loads and lines; configure networks supplied by a power supply and by back-up generators.
4.1.
General indications on the drawing

Once the general properties of the plant and the layout have been defined, the utility symbol is already present on the drawing sheet. You can therefore proceed to draw the single-line diagram as described in this chapter. It is possible to use two different types of objects with DOC: Single Objects Macro Objects The Single Objects are the blocks which represent a single element of the electrical plant and which allow a single-line diagram to be made (for example: LV Circuit-breaker, LV Cable, Generic load, Busbar, Motor, ). By connecting the Single Objects with each other, you can obtain infinite combinations for representing any type of plant. The icons of the Single Objects are found in the Toolbars area. On the other hand, the Macro Objects are a combination of several Single Objects already ready to be drawn with a single click. The Macro Objects thereby allow you to draw much more quickly, at the expense of the variety of plants which can be shown. Furthermore, with the Macro Objects it is only possible to draw purely radial networks, whereas the Single Objects allow meshed type networks to be made which DOC is able to manage during the calculations. The best result is obtained by combining the Single Objects and the Macro Objects, combining the need of each particular plant with the speed of making the diagram. To draw a Single Object or a Macro Object, it is sufficient to click over the icon that represents it. The Single Object or the Macro Object will be hooked up to the mouse pointer, ready to be drawn with a click of the left button in the desired position in the diagram. The Single Objects are only available with the Professional Profile. The Medium Voltage Single Objects and the Medium Voltage Macro Objects are available using the Professional Profile and starting a network with the MV Supply
4.2.
Drawing with Macro Objects

This chapter describes how to make a single-line diagram only using Macro Objects. The Macro Objects are useful to make a single-line diagram rapidly, starting from the main device and going on with the departures on the load side until the loads are reached. The program automatically verifies congruence of the single-line diagram.
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Low Voltage Macro Objects
General and General Second level Macro Objects
Generic departure and Motor departure Macro Objects
1) Start positioning the main circuit-breaker by selecting the Main CB with Overload and Short circuit protection icon from the General Macro tools toolbar. The program will see to stretching the connections so as to take up all the space available both vertically and horizontally on the work sheet.
1) Main CB with Overload and Short circuit protection 2) From the Generic departure Macro select the type of feeder to be shown, for example, a Generic Load feeder, CB with Overload and Short circuit protection + RCB departure. Hook the Macro Object up to the barring on output from the main circuit-breaker. 3) The departure line is now connected to the barring and the program shows the dialog window for fast definition of the feeder data. This way it is possible to define the main data of the feeder while drawing: Phases (single-phase, three-phase with and without neutral) Distribution system Description of the departure (to allow more flexibility, these are available on two lines) Consumption of the generic load (rated current or rated active power and power factor) Length and type of cable
3) Feeder properties fast input window To disable the panel for fast definition of the feeder, remove the checking off sign at the Always show option. Disabling these functions is useful for those who want to edit the data of a feeder in detail. The panel can be re-enabled from the Toolbar menu Preferences, on the Other page.
Phases and Distribution system The phases and distribution system properties must be consistent in the plant. This does not mean they must necessarily be the same throughout plant, but that there are rules which DOC helps you to follow (in fact, it is possible, for example, to manage sections of plant with a TN-S or TT distribution system starting from a TN-C supply, or single-phase lines derived from a three-phase system with neutral; but it is not possible, for example, to derive a single-phase load from a three-phase distribution without neutral or to derive an IT system from a TN system without using an insulation transformer which separates the two parts of the plant). DOC helps the user by only showing the properties compatible with the type of distribution selected. In the case of incongruence, DOC notifies the incorrect situation during the calculations and indicates the Single Objects by changing their color (Cf. Chapter 3.4.1).
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Modifying the phases and distribution system Modifying the phases and distribution system can be done in two ways: By selecting just one Single Object to be modified, applying the Properties command (the same as a double click over the symbol of the Single Object) and modifying its Phase and/or Distribution system properties (DOC will only show the values compatible with the position the Single Object occupies in the plant). By selecting several Single Objects to be modified and using the Properties command, in the Edit menu. You can change the common properties with the Common properties window. 4) Once the main data has been defined, DOC adapts the feeder line in height according to the layout, occupying all the space available.
4) Final appearance of a feeder line 5) Repeat the procedure for every other feeder line.
Advice on Drawing in Columns There are two important rules to follow to improve the result of a drawing in columns: The Macro Objects must be inserted in the center of the column. DOC helps to do this correctly thanks to the predefined (and unalterable) grid step, with the horizontal and vertical lines which intersect in the cursor position and follow it in its movements and with the same structure as the layout in columns. Do not insert two Single Objects of the same type in the same column (for example, two Circuit-breaker Single Objects): the layout would not be able to host the data of both!
Coding the Single Objects DOC automatically codes the Single Objects according to the type of layout: In the layout in columns, the coding follows the rule: Page.Column. Other Single Objects drawn in the same column will have the same numbering (Circuitbreaker QF1.1; Cable WC1.1; Load L1.1). In the free layout, the Single Objects of the same type will have incremental coding. The fifth circuit-breaker inserted from the start of the drawing will have the code QF5; and could be combined with the third cable -WC3.
4.3.
Examples
4.3.1. Switchboard with Sub-levels
With the Macro Objects it is also possible to draw several levels in the same switchboard (for example, several thermomagnetic devices subordinate to a single residual current device). 1) Starting from the switchboard already defined in chapter 4.2, add a Main second level residual current CB Macro Object in the first free column from the Main second level Macros. The special barring will be added directly on the load side of the main second level device.
1) Main second level residual current circuit-breaker 2) Select the type of feeder to be shown from the Generic feeders Macros, for example a Generic Load feeder, CB with Overload and Short circuit protection. Hook the Macro Object up to the barring on the load side of the residual current device.
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2) Feeders protected by thermomagnetic device
4.3.2.
Switchboard over Several Pages

When a switchboard requires more space than the 11 columns available in the layout, the procedure described in this chapter can be followed to show it over several pages. 1) After having drawn the part of the switchboard which can be shown on the present page, add the Line departure Macro Object from the General Macros to the barring.
1) Board with link to page 2) Add a new page to the project with the Add Page command, available in the View menu (or click over the icon on the left) The settings of the current page, are also kept for the new page. Chapter 8.4 describes the settings available and how to change them should the new page require this.
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3) On the new page, add the Line with arrival link Macro Object from the General Macros. The pointer of the mouse must be positioned so as to fall half-way down the first column. Once the barring has been added, DOC will ask which Departure line link to connect it to among those available. The Departure line link sign follows the Page.Column format. In the case of an underlying image, the arrival line page link will be connected to link 1.11. A description can be added to improve recognition of the links.
Dialog window to connect the Link to page 5) The line on the new page has been added. Now it is possible to continue drawing the board on the new page!
Browsing through the Project Pages When the project consists of several pages, it is possible to browse through these using the Next page and Previous page commands in the View menu. The commands can also be carried out using the F12 and F11 function keys or by clicking over the icons shown on the left.
4.3.3.
Diagram with More than One Distribution Board

If the plant foresees several distribution boards, these can be drawn in a single diagram with DOC. A network consisting of dozens of boards and hundreds of circuit-breakers and cables, can take up a lot of the processor resources and require long processing times. Should the calculation times become long, it is advisable to divide the project into several files. This is possible by simulating a board with a single generic load of equal power, net of the demand factor, and putting the board removed back into a new file. Simulate the network on the supply side in the new file by setting the supply data, copying the results of the calculation, voltage and short-circuit current of the original project.
1) A sub-board which supplies some feeders can be derived from the main distribution board. The line from the main distribution board to the sub-distribution board is drawn by means of the Feeder line to sub-board Macro Object in the Main feeders Macro toolbar. The user can select the type of protection device to be used.
Feeder lines for sub-board 2) Add a new page as shown in the previous example. 3) On the new page, draw the Arrival line link Macro Object from the General Macros toolbar. The pointer of the mouse must be centered half-way down the first column of the layout. The program will ask to connect the Macro Object to the relative Departure line link.
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Arrival page 4) Draw the general device of the sub-board selecting it from the Macro Objects available in the General Macros toolbar.
5) Complete the sub-board with its feeder lines.
Sub-board with main switch-disconnector
4.4.
Drawing an MV-LV Single-line Diagram with Macro Objects

Once the MV Supply in the General plant properties has been selected, select the Medium voltage icon in the Work flow tools toolbar. The Medium Voltage Macro Objects will now be visible and ready to be drawn.
First column and Last column Macro Objects
MV feeders Macro Objects
MV bus-tie Macro Objects You can only draw the Medium Voltage Single Objects and Macro Objects with the Professional Profile and only if an MV supply has been selected. In the case of other supplies, these Macro Objects are not visible.
Medium Voltage Macro Objects Each Medium Voltage Macro Object represents a typical compartment of the Unimix secondary distribution board.
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1) Select the compartment you want to use as arrival line from the utility company.
Arrival with typical P1A compartment 2) Draws the Medium Voltage diagram with the Macro Objects available, already preset to make up a Unimix board, placing a typical compartment side by side with another.
MV switchgear with arrival line in P1A compartment, M (Measurement) compartment and two P1E feeders compartments separated from the ASR bus-tie compartment
3) Add the Transformer to get ready to draw the LV section of the plant. 4) Add a Vertical departure line link to the secondary winding of the Transformer.
5) MV switchgear with two transformers and two departure lines 5) Add a new page with the Add Page command, available in the View menu, or with the icon shown on the left. 6) Change the layout of the new page with the Change layout page size command, available in the View menu, or with the icon shown on the left. Select the layout with low voltage columns.
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Changing the layout 7) In the Work flow area, select the Low Voltage icon to display the Low voltage Macro Objects. 8) On the new page, draw the Arrival line link from the bar of the General Macro Objects. The pointer of the mouse must be centered half-way down the first column of the layout. The program will ask to connect the Line in from the page link to the appropriate link. 9) On the load side of the link, draw the LV cable Single Object and define its main characteristics in the dialog window.
9) LV cable connected to a transformer secondary 10) Draws the main device from the bar of the General Macro Objects.
Arrival line from the MV-LV transformer with cable and main circuit-breaker 11) Complete the main low voltage switchboard with its feeders (cf. Chapters 4.3.1, 4.3.2, 4.3.3 for further details on drawing low voltage electric diagrams).
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4.5.
Drawing and Defining a Network UPS Generator Group Changeover

By selecting the Professional Profile, it is possible to define several power supplies in mutual exclusion for the same plant. 1) Draw a network with MV-LV Trafo supply and where a Generator Single Object is also present.
Example of diagram with two power supplies
2) Use the Network configurations command in the Tools menu.
Network configurations window 3) Define the TRAFO configuration: Double click over the <default> text to rename the existing configuration in TRAFO; Deselect the protection device which connects the Generator Single Object to the rest of the network. In this way, in the TRAFO configuration, the generator will be disconnected from the plant. 4) Define a new GENSET configuration: Click over the New button; Assign the GENSET name to the new configuration; Deselect the protection device which connects the supply to the rest of the network. In this way, in the GENSET configuration, the supply will be disconnected from the plant.
Network configurations: GENSET configuration
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5) Once the mask for defining the configurations is closed, a part of the network will be of a different color according to the configuration selected. The color indicates that a part of network is off, or not supplied (to change the colors or to know their meaning, Cf. Chapter 3.4.1). The unsupplied part of the network will not be considered in the calculation of this configuration.
Single-line diagram: GENSET configuration
Single-line diagram: TRAFO configuration
4.6.
Modifying the Drawing

This chapter describes the most useful commands for modifying the single-line diagram drawing. All the commands are available in the Edit menu. Zoom In, Zoom Out and Pan with the mouse The Zoom In, Zoom Out and Pan commands can be given using the mouse wheel: this way the relative part of the diagram can be displayed rapidly with the right level of detail. The Zoom In and Zoom Out commands are, respectively, turning the mouse wheel upwards and clinking downwards. The Pan command is obtained by keeping the mouse wheel pressed and dragging the page. Multiple selection by means of selection box To select several Single Objects it is advisable to: Disable any active command by pressing the Esc key. Click over an empty point of the drawing. Create a selection box which touches or completely includes the Single Objects to be selected. The selection will consist of all the Single Objects touched or completely included in the selection box according to the first click and to the direction in which the Single Objects are selected. If the first click is on the right of the Single Objects to be selected, DOC will add all the Single Objects touched by the selection box to the Multiple selection. If the first click is on the left of the Single Objects to be selected, DOC will add all the Single Objects completely included in the selection box to the Multiple selection. Multiple selection by means of clicking over the Single Objects to be selected A multiple selection can be created by clicking over each Single Object you want to add to the selection list. Once all the Single Objects wanted have been selected, select the Command you want to apply (for example, the Properties command) Duplicate The Duplicate command allows a Single Object or a Multiple selection of Single Objects to be copied onto the same page of the drawing with just one command. The predefined values of the original Single Objects will be copied into the duplicated Single Objects. Copy paste The Copy and Paste commands allow a Single Object or a Multiple selection of Single Objects to be copied onto different pages of the drawing. The predefined values of the original Single Objects will be indicated in the pasted Single Objects. Stretch The Stretch command allows the length of Busbars and Connections to be modified.
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Connections stretched using the Stretch command Add a text To add the text notes to the single-line diagram, use the Text command in the Tools menu.
4.7.
Labels
The Labels are texts associated with each Single Object which allow the characteristics and calculation results to be displayed, such as the Iz of a Cable, the Description of a Circuitbreaker or the short-circuit current at a Busbar. The position of the Labels depends on the layout. Layout in columns The layout in columns shows all the data relative to a Single Object in the layout underlying it. The contents of each compartment of the layout is explained in the caption at the bottom on the left. It is not possible to modify the layout and results displayed.
Layout: Caption (first column on the left); data of a dimensioned feeder (green color) and data of an undimensioned feeder (blue color) Free Layout The free layout shows some calculation results in the labels placed beside each Single Object.
Labels in a free configuration diagram; Window for Label Management
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Label Management The Labels show the user the main data of each Single Object. The Labels can be customized: The list of data contained in the Label can be changed by the user with the Label Management command in the Edit menu. There are two predefined Label configurations: one for the free diagram, the other for the layouts in columns. Special Label configurations can be saved to then be used again in other projects. The fixed text part of the Labels can be changed by the user with the Edit object labels command in the Edit menu.
Code of the circuit-breaker modified with the Modify labels command Move the Labels Using layouts A3, A2, A1 or A0, which allow free drawing of the single-line diagram, the labels are shown beside the Single Objects. When two or more labels are overlaid, it is possible to move them with the Move labels command. Modify the data shown on a Label To modify the list of data shown on a Label, the Label Management command in the Edit menu is used.
Window for label management The window for label management allows definition of which properties to display in the diagram. To modify the state of a property, first select the Single Object to be modified in the Object menu, then you can enable or disable a property on the list of Properties. The selection effects all the Single Objects in the single-line diagram. Furthermore, it is possible to save a label configuration by means of the Save configuration button, to be able to use it again in another project. The Board configuration diagram and Free configuration diagram options refer to the two types of layout: Board configuration diagram is the layout in columns, available in two variants: one for LV plants and one for MV switchgear. Free configuration diagram is the layout without columns, where the labels are displayed beside each Single Object. Example of using label management: Display\Hide the padlock The padlock icon (Cf. Chapter 5.5) present in the Labels is used to make the Single Objects, which have been locked by the user and that DOC cannot modify following a calculation, recognizable. The symbol is very useful during design, but cannot be used during the printing stage. It can therefore be useful to know how to manage the Labels to show or hide the padlock icon according to the task you are carrying out. This situation can be managed with two label configurations: With padlock Without padlock 1) Launch the Label Management command from the Edit menu 2) Select the Switchboard configuration diagram or Free configuration diagram option according to the layout being used 3) Activate the padlock for all the Single Objects. The padlock is managed by the STATE properties.
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Label management: STATE label of the LV circuit-breaker 4) Save the configuration with the Save configuration button, assigning it whatever name you like. 5) Disable the padlock for all the Single Objects. 6) Save the new configuration as described in point 4). 7) To display of the padlock, launch the Label management command from the Edit menu, select the type of diagram used, switchboard or free, select the configuration where display of the padlock is foreseen from the pull-down. 8) Once the two configurations described in point 4) and 7) have been created, you can rapidly pass from one to the other by executing the Label management command and selecting the desired configuration from the list at the top on the left.
Single-line diagram with the padlock visible and not visible
5. Calculation and Dimensioning

This chapter describes: the DOC calculation potential; results of the calculation; verification of existing plants. After reading this chapter, the user will be able to: understand what is calculated by the program; understand how the calculations are done; solve most of incorrect situations highlighted by the program; read the calculation results; customize the program choices.
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5.1.
Calculation and Dimensioning

When the single-line diagram drawing is completed and the data of the Single Objects have been defined, it is possible to calculate the single-line diagram. DOC is fitted with a powerful calculation engine able to automatically carry out long and complex operations which would take a long time to carry out manually or using other less powerful software. In particular the DOC calculation engine is able to: Verify correctness of the single-line diagram design Calculate the load currents at all points of the diagram Calculate the voltage drops Balance single-phase - two-phase loads over the three phases Calculate the power consumed by the supply and the power factor Dimension the cables according to the calculated load currents and/or the voltage drops Repeat steps 2 and 3 until all the cables have been correctly dimensioned Calculate the maximum and minimum short-circuit currents at all points of the singleline diagram Select the protection devices according to the load currents, short-circuit currents, protection of cables and people, and if required, coordinate the protection devices (discrimination and/or back-up). The calculation is done using the Calculate button of the Work flow toolbar. All the calculation parameters are preset so as to satisfy the needs which are found in the most common plants, therefore starting the calculation is immediate and does not require any further decisions by the user.
Advanced Calculation Settings Some parameters used in the calculation procedure can be modified by the user. This operation is generally not indispensable because the parameters are preset so as to satisfy the most common needs. Therefore, to view and modify these parameters it is necessary to use the Options command in the Tools menu, and to select the Show calculation settings before dimensioning box on the Calculation options page, Modification of the advanced calculation options is only recommended for expert users and those with special requirements. In fact, they regard: Definition of the instants at which to calculate the short-circuit currents; Tolerance over the power supply voltage; Reference temperature of the cables for calculation of the maximum short-circuit currents; Type of over-excitation of the generators present in the diagram; Manual exclusion of the motor contributions in calculating the short-circuit currents.
Minimum and Maximum short-circuit currents DOC calculates the Minimum and Maximum short-circuit currents it all points of the network. Their difference is explained in the IEC 60909-0 Standard in chapters 2.4 and 2.5 (the differences are also given in DOC during printing in the Short-circuit Calculation Hypotheses; 8.2.3). It is important to underline that, with regard to the end-of-line fault currents, DOC calculates: The Minimum fault current in the cable, used for protection against indirect contacts (Cf. Chapter 6.1). The Maximum fault current in the switchboard on the load side of this line, used for selection of the Breaking Capacity of the protection devices installed in the switchboard. Two different short-circuit values are therefore available at the end of the line, defined as follows: Maximum short-circuit currents To calculate the maximum short-circuit currents, the voltage factor cmax (equal to 1.05 or 1.1); The motors are included if their contribution is higher than 5% of the maximum shortcircuit current calculated without this contribution; The resistances of the lines (overhead and in cables) are taken at a temperature of 20C. Minimum short-circuit currents To calculate the minimum short-circuit currents, the voltage factor cmin, equal to 0.95, is applied; The contribution of motors is excluded; The resistances of the lines (overhead and in cables) are taken at a temperature of 80C.
The values of the cable resistance at 20C and at 80C can be printed by enabling the Table of LV cables of the project documentation (Cf. Chapter 8.2.4.).
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During calculation, a window is visible which shows the state of progress of the process.
Calculation Window During calculation, messages may appear, when significant or abnormal situations occur. The meaning of the main messages is explained in chapter 5.2. According to what is found by DOC, the Single Objects may change color in conformity with the profile of the colors (Cf. chapter 3.4.1.) on completion of the calculation. It may also occur that in some situations DOC is not able to select some switching and protection devices. The main cases which may occur are explained in chapter 5.3. The results available on completion of calculation and the methods for displaying these are described in chapter 4.7. The main actions which can be taken on completion of the calculation to verify the results and, where necessary, to modify the program selections are described in chapter 5.5.
5.2.
Error Messages
This chapter explains the most important and frequent error messages that can appear during calculation. The error messages which could appear during calculation are of two types: Blocking messages: warn of a critical and incorrect situation which must be corrected before being able to proceed with the calculation. Warning messages: draw the users attention to an anomalous or potentially incorrect situation but do not block the calculation process. Blocking messages Phases Distribution system not consistent in the highlighted Objects DOC verifies the congruence of the single-line diagram (for example: a single-phase cable cannot supply a three-phase load). Solutions: verify the phase and distribution system properties in the Single Objects indicated. In the case of any discrepancies, cancel and draw new the Single Objects or modify the Phase and Distribution system properties after having carried out a Multiple selection (Cf. Chapter 4.6) of the Single Objects involved. Single-line diagram incorrect: it is necessary to add a power source between supply and loads. Verify the Highlighted Objects DOC needs at least one Single Object with impedance not nil (for example, a cable or a busway) to be present between supply and loads. Solution: verify that there is at least a cable or busway between the supply and the loads. Single-line diagram incorrect: it is necessary to add a power source between two supplies. Verify the Highlighted Objects DOC needs at least one Single Object with not nil impedance (for example, a cable or a busway) to be present between two supplies which work in parallel. Solution: verify that there is at least a cable or busway between the two power supplies. Single-line diagram incorrect: some objects are short-circuited! Verify the Highlighted Objects. DOC verifies that there are no branches with nil impedance in parallel with Single Objects or branches of the plant: the latter would, in fact, not be passed through by current and this is indication of an error in the single-line diagram drawing. Solution: verify the connections between the two short-circuited Single Objects. Single-line diagram incorrect: connections missing. Verify the Highlighted Objects A part of the single-line diagram is not connected to the supply. Solution: connect the Highlighted Single Objects to the supply. Single-line diagram incorrect: links not connected. Verify the Highlighted Objects A link has not been connected to the relative arrival. Solution: verify the link indicated and connect it to another link; should the link be superfluous, cancel it.
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Warning messages Voltage drop higher than the limit set for the highlighted Objects DOC verifies that there is a voltage drop percentage no higher than 4% (or than the value entered by the user) on each load and signals the loads for which the threshold has been exceeded. Solution: verify the sizes of cables on the supply side of the load involved. The transformer highlighted is not dimensioned correctly: increase the size! DOC verifies that the transformers are able to supply the power required by the plant. The message generally appears when the transformers have been locked with a padlock, otherwise DOC would be able to select another power transformer suitable for the load required automatically. Solution: Increase the size of the transformer, verify that the power of the loads and the demand coefficients have been entered correctly. These objects are not protected against overload \ short-circuit \ indirect contacts DOC verifies that all the cables and switching devices are protected against faults (the warning can be disabled in the window which communicates the warning). Solution: It is not always necessary to take measures (for example, in the case of missing protection against overload in the emergency configurations): the user can decide, under their own responsibility, to omit the protections when the Standards and/or the characteristics of the plant allow this. If necessary, add a protection device on the supply side of the unprotected object. Attention: some supplies consume power instead of supplying it DOC verifies if the flow of power goes from the supply to the loads. In the case of several power supplies in parallel (generator and power supply) a generator may satisfy the power required by the plant and also supply energy to the power supply. Solutions: if you do not want the generator to supply energy to the power supply, verify the size of the generator, the power of the loads and the demand coefficients. If it is normal for the generator to supply power to the network in the plant, the message is confirmation of this behavior. Attention: some supplies have lower rated power than the one required by the plant DOC verifies that the generators and the UPS are able to supply the power required by the plant, comparing their rating plate data with the requirements of the loads (the supply is considered to be a generator with infinite power). Solution: in this order, verify the rating plate data of generators and UPS, the demand coefficients and the power consumed by the loads. In the highlighted cables the following dimensioning criteria are not verified: - The carrying capacity is insufficient - The voltage drop exceeds the limit set DOC verifies that the locked cables (Cf. Chapter 5.5) satisfy the carrying capacity and voltage drop criteria. Solutions: verify the cable data (length, insulation, method of installation) and the load data; or trip unit the cable and let DOC re-calculate the section.
5.3.
Failed Selection of Single Objects

Sometimes DOC is not able to find a valid product, or shows the products locked by the user with the padlock as invalid. The most frequent cause of failed selection or verification of a product are listed below and can guide the user to modify the selection criteria appropriately. If the Single Object is locked with the padlock, unlock it and restart the calculation. Verify that the appropriate protections against indirect contacts with the power sources by means of residual current devices are present, when the distribution system is TT. It may be impossible to ensure protection against indirect contacts with other protection functions. In the case where the fault current is high (over 15kA) and the section of cable to be protected against short-circuit is less than 4 mm2, try to restart the calculation after having selected a cable with a larger section and having locked it with the padlock. Verify that you are do not find yourself in one of the cases specified below, for which no suitable products exist: o 1P, 1P+N and 2P products in circuits with current higher than 125A (the 1P, 1P+N and 2P devices are of modular type and have a maximum rated current of 125A. It is necessary to select 3P, 3P+N or 4P devices. o Residual current protection with rated current higher than 2000A (the maximum size of an RCQ external toroid is 2000A). o Fuses with rated current higher than 630A (the maximum rated current of the fuses managed by DOC is 630A). o Fuses with breaking capacity higher than 100kA (the fuses have a breaking capacity of 100kA. If DOC has calculated higher short-circuit currents, verify the supply data, or select a circuit-breaker instead of a fuse). o Circuit-breakers with breaking capacity higher than 200kA (The circuit-breakers have a breaking capacity maximum of 200kA. If DOC has calculated higher short-circuit currents, verify the supply data). o Molded-case circuit-breakers with rated current higher than 160A to protect residual current circuit-breakers (it is not possible to carry out protection of residual current circuit-breakers with molded-case type circuit-breakers with rated current higher than 160A). o Molded-case circuit-breakers with current lower than or equal to 160A to protect residual current circuit-breakers with short-circuit current higher than 6kA (molded-case circuit-breakers with rated current up to 160A can only protect residual current circuit-breakers up to 6kA). o Miniature circuit-breakers in circuits with current higher than >125A or breaking capacity >25kA. In this case, remove the limit on the type of product and allow selection of a molded-case type of circuit-breaker.
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If a fuse, or a switch-fuse, protects a cable, verify that the relation between Iz and Ib is at least equal to 1.2 (Cf. Chapter 6.1.1: a cable with Iz of 30A can only be protected by a fuse up to 0.9 x 30A = 27A. If a circuit-breaker protects a cable, verify that between Ib and Iz there is space to be able to select a size of product. For example,: if Ib is 26A and Iz is 30A it is not possible to select a miniature circuit-breaker to protect these since the closest sizes are 25A, lower than Ib, and 32A, higher than Iz. Verify that there are not too many objects protected by the same protection device (the window to display \ modify the list of the protections is described in Annex B). For the circuit-breaker, verify that there are not too many simultaneous discrimination, back-up and cable protection restrictions. In this case, slacken one or more of the restrictions.
Help for Failed Selection of Single Objects In the case where it is not possible to achieve selection of a product using the suggestions given above, you can the send the project file and a description of the anomaly to assistance service which is at your disposal. The address is as follows: software.tools@it.abb.com
5.4.
Calculation and Dimensioning Results

Calculation results DOC calculates the following, both in low and in medium voltage: Maximum short-circuit currents at all points of the single-line diagram. Minimum short-circuit currents at the end of the line. Phase and of neutral currents (in unbalanced networks) at all points of the single-line diagram. Power factor on each line and at each busbar. Active and reactive power required at the supply. Dimensioning results The program is able to select the following, both in low and in medium voltage: The minimum sections of the cables which satisfy the following criteria: o thermal according to the Standard selected o voltage drop on the single line less than 4% (modifiable by the user) The most economical protection apparatus (circuit-breakers, fuses) on the list of technically correct ABB products. The most economical switching apparatus (disconnectors, contactors) on the list of technically correct ABB products. Further results Other results coming from a calculation: Balancing unbalanced networks. The program applies an algorithm to move the single-phase and two-phase loads from one phase to the other, so that the consumption of current on the supply side is as balanced as possible. Dimensioning for the rated current of a transformer or generator. The Single Objects placed on the load side of a transformer or generator will be dimensioned according to the rated current of the secondary winding of the transformer or according to the rated power of the generator, instead of to the current required by the plant. This option is useful for those who possess machines dimensioned taking future enlargements of the plants into consideration. Cables and switching and protection devices will not have to be changed, with obvious savings in execution times and costs.
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5.5.
Changing the Dimensioning Results.

This chapter will explain how to modify the selections made automatically by the program.
Locking and Unlocking Single Objects During the stage of modifying the program selections after dimensioning, the most important commands, are those which allow a Single Object to be Locked or Unlocked. The Lock objects command modifies the calculation settings, so that at the next dimensioning, the locked Single Object is only checked and not modified by DOC. The locked Single Objects behave as follows: Object Cable Protection device Switching device Transformer Load Effect of the lock The section is not re-calculated. The product is not changed with a more economical one. The product is not changed with a more economical one. The size is not re-calculated according to the loads. The single-phase loads are not connected to a different phase in order to minimize the unbalance.
The Unlock objects command resets the calculation settings, so that at the next dimensioning, the unlocked Single Object is selected by DOC. The unlocked Single Objects behave as follows: Object Cable Protection device Switching device Transformer Load Effect of the lock DOC re-calculates the section, optimizing it according to the voltage drop and the carrying capacity The most economical product among those technically suitable is proposed. The most economical product among those technically suitable is proposed. The size is re-calculated according to the loads. If this is single-phase, it can be connected to a different phase to minimize the unbalance.
Changing a product The automatic selections made by DOC cannot take into account every single requirement of all the program users! To change a product proposed by DOC, simply: Enter the Single Object Properties window. Click over the Select >>> button Navigate the tree to find the desired product. Lock the desired product with the padlock. Entering the selection window, the list of products displayed considers the technical selection filters of the product (for example, circuit-breakers with breaking capacity lower than the short-circuit current will not be shown). If the desired product is not on the list, remove the technical filters by selecting the Free selection option at the top on the left.
Select >> button in a circuit-breaker window At the next calculation, DOC will verify the locked product instead of selecting a new product. Changing cable sizes DOC selects the cable sections according to the Standard, to the carrying capacity of the cable and to the voltage drop. Changing the cable sections, for example, to verify a cable already installed, is possible by entering the cable Properties window. In this window, select the most suitable sections for your situation and lock the selection with the padlock. Modifying the size of a cable changes the impedance of the cable itself and therefore the voltage and short-circuit values on the load side of the cable. New values of the short-circuit currents could invalidate the selections relative to the protection devices already selected: it is therefore necessary to re-calculate the whole single-line diagram !
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6. Verification and Protections

This chapter describes: verifications of the overload, short-circuit, indirect contacts and discrimination from a theoretical viewpoint; the verifications carried out by the program. After reading this chapter, the user will be able to: understand the overload, short-circuit, indirect contacts and discrimination verifications; use the curves module to carry out overload, short-circuit, indirect contacts and discrimination verifications.
6.1.
Verifications and Protections

This chapter describes how to verify cable protection and the discrimination criteria by means of the module dedicated to drawing the curves.
6.1.1.
Description of the Protections

DOC verifies the protections against the following in real time: Overload (hereinafter OL). Short-circuit (hereinafter SC). Indirect contacts in TT systems (hereinafter NDT-TT). Indirect contacts in TN systems (hereinafter NDT-TN). The protection criteria are defined in the standard IEC 60364-4-43: Overload (IEC 60364-4-43Standard Chapter 433): The set current of the protection device (In) must be between the service current (Ib) and the carrying capacity of the power source (Iz).
Ib In Iz
The threshold of guaranteed tripping of the protection device must be less than 1.45 times the carrying capacity of the power source.
I 2 1.45 Iz
where:
Ib = Service current. Iz = Carrying capacity in permanent regime of the power source. In = Current set of the protection device (for non-adjustable protection devices,
this coincides with the rated current).
I2 = Current which ensures effective operation of the protection device

within the prearranged time under defined conditions.
Current for Guaranteed Circuit-breaker Tripping and Fuse intervention For construction characteristics, the I2 current for guaranteed tripping is: Always less than or equal to
1.45 In for circuit-breakers
Equal to 1.6 In for fuses. It follows that: A circuit-breaker is able to protect a cable against overload over the whole of its carrying capacity, making the verification superfluous I 2 1.45 Iz In a fuse, the most strict condition is verification on I2. Replacing I2 with the value
1.6 In , you obtain:
1.6 In 1.45 Iz
From which it follows that:
In 0.906 Iz
In other words, protection of a cable against overload by means of a fuse does not allow use of this cable up to its carrying capacity, but only up to about the 90% of its carrying capacity.
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Short-circuit (IEC 60364-4-43 Standard Chapter 434): o The specific energy let-through by the protection device is lower than the specific energy supported by the cable for all the current values from Ib to the maximum short-circuit current. With DOC, the verification is carried out graphically by comparing the curve of the specific energy let through by the circuit-breaker (I2t) and the curve of the maximum energy which can be supported by the cable (K2S2) and verifying that there are no intersections in the range of currents defined by the Standard.
Diagram of energy: comparison of the curves of a circuit-breaker (blue) with a completely protected cable (black) and a partially protected cable (red) Indirect contacts in TT systems (IEC 60364-4-43 Standard Chapter 413): o The contact voltage is less than 50 [V] i.e.:
Ra Ia 50
where: RA [] = Sum of the resistances of the ground plate and protection conductors of the exposed conductive parts. IA [A] = Current which causes automatic operation of the protection device (if the protection device is of the residual current type, IA is the rated Idn residual current).
Modifying the RA Value As described in the previous paragraph, RA is given by the sum of two resistances: the ground plate and the protection conductors of the exposed conductive parts. Ground plate: its value is defined in the General plant properties (cf. Chapter 3.2). If necessary, it is possible to set a different value of the ground plate for each single feeder in the Protected Objects window of the protection device (LV circuitbreaker, LV Fuse, Residual current circuit-breaker) placed on the supply side of the feeder itself. Protection conductors of the exposed conductive parts: the value of the resistance of the conductors is calculated by the program according to the type of cable and its section. The values of the conductor resistances can be o Consulted in the LV cable properties (Cf. Annex B); o Printed in the Table of LV cables 8.2.4). Indirect contacts in TN systems (IEC 60364-4-43 Standard Chapter 413):: o The trip threshold of the protection device must be lower than the fault current at the end of the Phase Ground line, i.e.:
Zs Ia Uo
where: ZS [] = Impedance of the fault ring which includes the source, the live conductor as far as the fault point and the protection conductor between the fault point and the source (in DOC, this type of fault is called L-PE, i.e. between phase and protection conductor).
IA [A] = Current which causes automatic operation of the protection device within the time defined in the following table (if the protection device is of residual current type, IA is the rated residual current Idn).
Uo [V] 120 230 400 >400 Trip time [s] 0.8 0.4 0.2 0.1
U0 [V] = Effective value of the rated voltage between phase and ground.
DOC calculates the value Uo Zs , indicated as Icc L-PE (short-circuit fault current between Phase and Protection conductor). The verification carried out is therefore:
Im IccL PE
where: IM [A] = is the current which causes protection device tripping within the scheduled tripping time.
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Indirect contacts in IT systems (IEC 60364-4-43 Standard Chapter 413): o In IT systems the live part of the network is electrically insulated from the exposed conductive parts, therefore the circuit of any possible ground fault can only be re-closed in capacitive couplings between live conductors and exposed conductive parts or groundings (as in the diagram below). The value of these capacitive couplings cannot easily be calculated, making it impossible to give a value to the impedance of the fault ring and therefore to the current which passes through it.
Circuit of a ground fault in a IT system Not knowing the value of the first ground fault, DOC is not able to verify the protection against indirect contacts. Remember that, in any case, the above-mentioned Standard foresees the use of an insulation control device to indicate appearance of an initial fault between a live part of the network and exposed conductive parts or ground. The same Standard does not impose protection against indirect contacts in IT systems by means of automatic interruption of the power supply. The parameters used for verification of protection against indirect contacts can be modified in the General plant properties window (Cf. Chapter 3.2).
Further Information about Protection against Indirect Contacts For further information, we recommend consulting the QT3 - Distribution systems and protection against indirect contacts and ground faults guide for more details on the subject.
6.1.2.
Protection devices
The protection devices are able to supply the types of protection listed in the table below.
Protection device Thermomagnetic circuit-breaker Thermomagnetic circuit-breaker with residual current Magnetic only circuit-breaker Magnetic only circuit-breaker with residual current Residual current circuit-breaker Fuse Switch-fuse Thermomagnetic Manual motor starter Magnetic only Manual motor starter Thermal trip unit
OL X X
SC X X X X
NDTTN X X X X X X X X
NDTTT X
X X
X X X X
X X X X
DOC automatically assigns cable protection to the most suitable device on the supply side. However, it is possible to modify the program selections by pressing the Advanced Options >>> or Protected Objects buttons which are always present in the windows dedicated to each protection device. Removal of the protection restrictions of switching devices or power sources might leave these objects unprotected in the case of a fault. We recommend using this option very carefully.
Window for assigning the protections.
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6.1.3.
Verifying Protections
Curves Module Manual This Chapter only contains basic indications about using the curves module. For a detailed explanation on how to set the trip units and on the functionalities of the application, please consult the Curves Manual user guide in the DOC Help menu. Verification of the protections is carried out with the curves module, which is enabled by clicking over the icon shown on the left and which is located in the Work flow tools toolbar. Once the command is given, DOC shows a new work environment where it is possible to work on the curves of the devices present in the diagram and on all the settings available.
Main curves module window. The Relations, i.e. the list of protections verified by DOC, are shown in the lower part of the screen.
The Relations window is divided into four columns: Object on the supply side (protection device, a circuit-breaker or a fuse). Object on the load side (object protected, typically a cable). Verification calculation carried out by DOC (the calculation is done in real time as soon as a curve is modified and in conformity with the criteria expressed previously). Present state of the verification. If a protection relation is satisfied, the text which describes it is black and the state is OK. If a protection relation fails, the text which describes it is red and the state is Failed. You can print the results of all the verifications made by DOC in the Report of protections (Cf. Chapter 8.2.9).
Examples of satisfactory and failed verifications
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6.1.4.
Modifying Verifications
When a protection relation fails you can proceed according to the indications given below to understand the reasons for this and to take the appropriate measures to make it satisfactory. Verification of protection against overload
Verification of overload Select the failed verification by ticking its box; The curves module will show the Time-Current diagram (I-t); The protection device and the cable the verification refers to will be shown; Double click over the curve of the protection device; Modify the setting of the thermal threshold (L threshold) until the current set between Ib (load current) and Iz (carrying capacity of the cable) is made to fall; The color of the message will change in real time from red to black, when the protection relation has been verified.
Verification of protection against short-circuit
Verification of short-circuit Select the failed verification by ticking its box; The curves module will show the diagram of the specific let-through energy (I-I2t); The protection device and the cable the verification refers to will be shown; There may be circuit-breakers of large size and fitted with a microprocessor trip unit: in this case enable functions S and I of the microprocessor trip unit and modify the setting until the circuit-breaker curve is completely under the cable curve; The color of the message will change in real time from red to black, when the protection relation has been verified.
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Verification of protection against indirect contacts
Verification of indirect contacts Select the failed verification by ticking its box; The curves module will show the Phase-ground fault current Time (I-t LPE) diagram Select the circuit-breaker curve by clicking over it; Click over the min Ik icon: the command makes a vertical straight line appear in the diagram which represents the fault current at the end of the line. A positive verification is obtained when the magnetic threshold of the circuit-breaker is on the left of the fault current at the end of the line; Lower the magnetic threshold of the thermomagnetic trip units, or enable thresholds S or I of the microprocessor trip units and use sufficiently low setting values; The color of the message will change in real time from red to black, when the protection relation has been verified.
Verification of discrimination
Verification of short-circuit Discrimination is achieved when both the following conditions are satisfied: The circuit-breakers have been selected by assigning them the discrimination restriction in the single-line diagram (Cf. Annex B, LV circuit-breaker chapter). The curve of the circuit-breaker on the supply side, in the Time-Current diagram, does not intersect the one of the circuit-breaker on the load side. When the program notifies failed discrimination verification, it is advisable to proceed as described below: Select the failed verification by ticking its box; The curves module will show the Time-Current diagram (I-t) Double click over the circuit-breaker on the supply side, by accessing the mask for setting its trip unit. If the trip unit is of thermomagnetic type (Circuit-breaker with thermomagnetic trip unit), raise threshold I up to the maximum value allowed. If the trip unit is of microprocessor type (Circuit-breaker with microprocessor trip unit), disable function I; o Once function I has been disabled, it is advisable to enable function S (protection against delayed short-circuit); o Raise threshold S both in time and in current until discrimination is obtained. The color of the message will change in real time from red to black, when the protection has been verified.
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The hatched area appears in the diagram when a discrimination verification has been selected. This area represents the maximum discrimination value which can be achieved by the pair of circuit-breakers. The maximum discrimination value is defined as: The magnetic setting of the circuit-breaker on the supply side minus the tolerance, if: o The circuit-breaker on the supply side is fitted with a microprocessor trip unit and function I is enabled; o The circuit-breaker is fitted with a thermomagnetic trip unit and the setting of the magnetic threshold I is lower than the maximum value allowed. The value of discrimination published in the ABB Coordination Tables if: o The circuit-breaker on the supply side is fitted with a microprocessor trip unit and function I is disabled; o The circuit-breaker is fitted with a thermomagnetic trip unit and the setting of the magnetic threshold I is equal to the maximum value allowed.
Further Information about Discrimination Verification. The QT1 - Discrimination in low voltage with ABB circuit-breakers guide is available in the Help menu. It is advisable to consult this for in-depth information on the subject.
Discrimination Studies between MV Apparatus and LV Apparatus The QT2 - MV/LV Substations: theory and short-circuit calculation examples guide is available in the Help menu. It is advisable to consult this for in-depth information on the subject.
Impossibility of Verifying all the Relations. It may not be possible to satisfy all the protection relations simultaneously, since a setting made to satisfy one may not allow satisfaction of others. This can occur, for example, if both protection against indirect contacts and discrimination with circuit-breakers on the load side must be guaranteed using the same protection device: the former requires a low magnetic setting, whereas the latter requires high values or disablement of function I. It is advisable to: Replace the thermomagnetic trip units with microprocessor ones, provided with several possibilities during the setting stage. Use trip units fitted with function G, which allows you to have high magnetic settings for verification of discrimination and low magnetic settings for protection against indirect contacts.
Verification of Back-up DOC is able to select circuit-breakers coordinated by means of back-up. This relationship does not require any further verification: back-up is a function of the construction characteristics of the circuit-breakers and does not depend on the trip unit settings. The back-up value is declared by the Manufacturer in the Coordination Tables.
6.2.
Printing Options for the Curves Module
6.2.1.
Printing the Diagram

The curves module allows you to print the diagrams using the Print command. It is possible to print: The diagram shown on screen; The settings of the objects in the diagram; The verification selected at present (in this case, the objects visible will only be those involved in the relative verification).
Printing from the curves module.
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6.2.2.
Exporting the Data from the Diagram

The curves module is fitted with two commands to export the diagram (Copy graph) and the setting values (Copy values). Once copied, the graph or values are pasted into any application which supports MS Windows copy-paste. Using these commands, it is possible to create a customized document containing: The diagram shown on screen; The settings of the objects in the diagram; The verification currently selected (in this case, the objects visible will only be those involved in the relative verification).
Document created using copy-paste of values and graph
6.2.3.
Copying the Diagram onto the Single-line Diagram

From the curves module it is possible to add the diagram currently displayed onto the singleline diagram, by means of the Draw icon. To draw a diagram in the single-line diagram, follow the instructions below: Select the page of the single-line diagram where you want to add the diagram, or create a new one. Launch the curves module. Select the objects to be displayed in the diagram. Select the Draw command. DOC will temporarily show the single-line diagram. Give an initial click to determine the vertex at the top on the left of the diagram. Give a second click to determine the second vertex of the diagram. After the second click, DOC will show the new curves module.
Diagram drawn in the single-line diagram
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7. Drawing Diagrams of Auxiliaries

This chapter describes: the functionalities of drawing not included in the power diagram. After reading this chapter, the user will be able to: add purely graphic symbols to the diagram; draws simple key diagrams.
7.1.
Drawing the Key Diagram of the Auxiliary Circuits

This chapter describes how to use DOC to draw key diagrams. The key diagrams allows purely Graphic Objects to be drawn. The purely Graphic Objects are not considered in the drawing of the single-line power diagram and therefore do not affect the calculations.
7.1.1.
Tools toolbars for the Key Diagrams.

The first step for drawing key diagrams is to enable the special tools toolbar with the auxiliaries icon in the Work flow.
Tools toolbar of the auxiliaries The toolbar is divided into three areas: Connection Auxiliary Objects Buttons Connection The Connection area represents the line which must be traced to connect the objects present with each other in the diagram of the auxiliaries.
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Auxiliary Objects The Auxiliary Objects are the symbols with which it is possible to draw the key diagram of the auxiliary circuits. They include the contacts (NO and NC), the changeover contacts, and the coils (normal and of contactor). Buttons The Buttons group together different symbols which are associated with different types of buttons.
7.1.2.
Drawing Key Diagrams

1) Select Line and trace the main lines of the diagram.
Main lines of a key diagram
2) Add the contacts and the coils to be shown.
Diagram with contacts and coils 3) Close the diagram by adding the Line
Complete diagram
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4) Finish the diagram by adding any Pushbuttons.
Diagram complete with pushbuttons 5) Insert any explicative texts, using the Text command in the Tools menu.
Diagram with texts
Example of motor starting.
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8. Printing the Documentation

This chapter describes: creating the documentation; the diagram and documentation printing functions; the diagram and project data exportation functions. After reading this chapter, the user will be able to: use the Project Documentation Manager; create the documentation relative to the single-line diagram; fill in the layouts to personalize printing; export the documentation in .xls format export the diagram and documentation in .pdf. format
Configuring the Printer Before printing it is necessary to configure your own predefined printer. Use the Set printer command in the File menu.
8.1.
Project Documentation Manager

Once the drawing, calculation and verification stages of the plant are completed, you can proceed to print the project documentation. The printing functions are available inside the Project Documentation Manager in the Work flow toolbar. With DOC, the project is not only made up of the single-line diagram, but also of other sections which can be included and then printed as you like. The Sections available are: Header (Cf. Chapter 8.2.1 Header); Calculation and Dimensioning Criteria (Cf. Chapter 8.2.2 Calculation and Dimensioning Criteria); Short-circuit calculation hypothesis (Cf. Chapter 8.2.3 Short-circuit Calculation Hypotheses); Single-line diagram; Table of LV cables (Cf. Chapter 8.2.4 Table of LV cables); List of MV products (Cf. Chapter 8.2.5 List of MV devices and List of LV devices); List of LV products (Cf. Chapter 8.2.5 List of MV devices and List of LV devices); Report of MV circuit-breakers-trip units (Cf. Chapter 8.2.6 Report of MV Circuitbreakers and Trip units); Report of LV circuit-breakers (Cf. Chapter 8.2.7 Reprot of LV Circuit-breakers); Short-circuit calculations (Cf. Chapter 8.2.8 Short-circuit calculations); Report of protections (Cf. Chapter 8.2.9 Report of protections). To add a Section to the project, simply click over the ticking off box on the left of each Section. One or more pages will be generated, whose preview will be visible immediately in the central part of the Project Documentation Manager.
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Project Documentation Manager; the list of the Sections available is visible on the left with the relative ticking off box to include / exclude them from the documentation
8.2.
Creating the Project Documentation

It is possible to add and remove sections from the project document using the Project Navigator: select a specific section to add it to the document, and select it a second time to remove it. The sections added to the project document will be: Displayed in the print Preview; Added to the project file with the pages of the single-line diagram. The program proposes three heading sections for the project and seven technical sections for printing all the accumulated codes, calculations and verifications.
Section: Single-line Diagram The Single-line diagram section is the only one which cannot be removed from the project because it is the essence of the project itself. It is, in any case, possible not to print it (Cf. Chapter 8.3.).
8.2.1.
Header Section
This is the first page of the project documentation and contains the user, customer and project data. To fill in the data, see chapter 8.4.
Heading
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8.2.2.
Calculation and Dimensioning Criteria Section

This describes the Standards and the main parameters used for the calculations and verifications. Printed together with the Cable Verification Section, it allows the positive outcome of the verifications to be justified.
Calculation and Dimensioning Criteria
8.2.3.
Short-circuit Calculation Hypotheses Section

The short-circuit calculation hypotheses section takes up the general conditions and the calculation hypotheses for the maximum and minimum short-circuit currents from the CEI 11-25 Standard (CEI EN 60909).
Short-circuit calculation hypotheses
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8.2.4.
Table of LV cables Section

This presents the main data of the cables present in the single-line diagram in a single table: Sections; Insulating material; Conductor material; Number of installations as defined in the selected Standard; Carrying capacity; Working temperature; Dissipated power; Voltage drop percentage; Resistances and reactances.
Table of LV cables
8.2.5.
List of MV devices and List of LV devices Sections

The two Sections present the lists of MV and LV products present in the single-line diagram, complete with ordering codes and description.
List of LV devices
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8.2.6.
Report of MV Circuit-breakers and Trip units Section

This presents the list of the MV Circuit-breakers, MV trip units with relative CT and HCT and shows the setting of each individual trip unit grouped together by function.
Report of MV circuit-breakers and trip units
8.2.7.
Reprot of LV Circuit-breakers Section

This presents the list of LV circuit-breakers and the settings of the relative trip units grouped together by function.
Report of LV circuit-breakers
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8.2.8.
Short-circuit calculations Section

The short-circuit and peak currents for three-phase, two-phase, phase-neutral and phase-PE faults are indicated, for every Switchboard present in the single-line diagram,.
Short-circuit calculations
Printing a short-circuit result in any point of the diagram Using the Professional Profile, it is possible to print the results of the short-circuit calculations in any point of the diagram. It is necessary to add a Busbar Single Object at the point where you want to verify the short-circuit value: DOC interprets the Busbar Single Object as a new Switchboard which will be added to the list of Switchboards in the Short-circuit calculations Section.
8.2.9.
Report of protections Section

This shows the state of the verifications of the protection relations for every LV cable drawn in the single-line diagram. The verification table consists of: User data Cable data Protection device data (circuit-breaker or fuse) State of the verification of protection against SC, CC, CI-TN, CI-TT The state of the verifications can be: OK if the verification is positive - in the case of failed or not assigned verification
Verification Table
The OKs are not shown When DOC does not show the OKs in the table, it is necessary to verify the protection of the cables by accessing the curves module at least once (Cf. Chapter 6).
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8.3.
Print Preview
The central part of the Project Documentation Manager shows the print Preview of all the pages created, both of the single-line diagram and of the project document sections. It is possible to create selection groups consisting of one or more pages in the print Preview area. The Project Documentation Manager commands, described in the following chapter, will only have effect on the selected Pages.
Advice about Selection of Pages Apart from the Select all and Deselect all commands, which allow all the Pages of the project to be selected and deselected, it is possible to use the SHIFT and CTRL keys to select several Pages, even those not adjacent to each other. By keeping CTRL pressed and clicking over a Page, the latter will be added to the list of Pages selected. If the page has already been selected, it will be deselected. It is possible to add several pages to the selection using the SHIFT key: Click over the first page you want to select; Keep SHIFT pressed. Click over the last page you want to select.
Page selected, with blue background Page deselected, with white background
8.4.
Commands for Managing the Project Documentation

The Commands for managing the project documentation contain the modify, print and export functionalities. List and description of the commands Renumber pages: Changes the single-line diagram page numbering. Selection of the layout: like the Change layout page dimensions command in the View menu, this changes the layout of the Pages selected in the print preview. Compile layout: allows the layout of each Page and the Heading Section to be compiled. Having launched the command, simply double click in the Present Value column and type the data in. The command has effect on the selected Pages: it is therefore possible to select all the Pages and compile them all at once.
Window for the compiling the layout Insert empty page: Adds a page to the single-line diagram, in exactly the same way as the Add page command in the View menu. Delete current page: Removes all the selected pages of the single-line diagram. It is therefore advisable to use this command extremely carefully. In the case where pages are removed by mistake, abandon the Project Navigator by clicking over the Cancel button: the cancelled pages will be restored. Move Up Move Down: Allow the selected pages to be moved up or down, in order. Print selection: Allows the selected Pages to be printed with the predefined printer. Create .pdf document: Generates a pdf file of the Pages selected. Works like a .pdf virtual printer. Export report in .xls: Exports the Sections into an .xls file. The file created will have as many work sheets as there are Sections.
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Example of exportation in .xls format
ANNEX A: List of Commands

The following Annex includes the list and description of all the commands available in the DOC Menu and Tools Toolbars.
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Commands and Tools Toolbars If the commands can be executed by means of the icon inserted in the Tools Toolbars, the icon itself is given at the side of the description of the command.
File Menu
The File menu contains the commands for managing files and for printing. New Creates a new project. Before creation of a new project, the program will ask you to save any modifications to the present project. All new projects do not have an associated file. To associate a file to a project, use the Save option of the File menu. Open Opens a file saved previously. Before opening an old file, the program will ask you to save any modifications to the present file. The DOC project files have *.ILE extension. Save Saves the present project. If the project does not have an associated file, the program will ask you for the name and path for saving the file. The DOC files have *.ILE extension. Save with name Saves this project with a file name and/or path different from the current one. Export \ Exports to ABB software Save all the accumulated codes dimensioned by DOC in a file importable from CAT. The file has *.DEF extension. Export \ Exports DWG-DXF Exports the drawing in CAD *.DWG or *.DXF format. Export macro Exports the Single Objects selected in a single Macro Object. The Macro Object is saved in a *.blk file. Import macro Imports a Macro Object previously saved in a *.blk file. Set default properties Definition of the program default characteristics. The settings, for Single Object or for functionalities, allow you to customize the program calculations and results. Printer Setup Configuration of the printer used and of the most common printing options. Print Launches the Project Navigator (described in chapter Error! Reference source not found.). Exit Closes the program. It will be necessary to save the project, if this has not been saved previously or if it has been modified since the last save.
Edit Menu
The Edit menu contains the commands for interaction with the Single Objects present in the single-line diagram. Undo Cancels the last command carried out. Redo Redoes the last command undone. Cut Cuts and Deletes the Single Objects selected and makes them available for the Paste command. Copy Copies the Single Objects selected and makes them available for the Paste command. Paste Pastes the Single Objects previously Cut or Copied into the diagram. It is not available (of a different color to the other commands) if no Single Object has previously been Cut or Copied. Duplicate Allows copy-paste with a single command. Move Moves the Single Objects selected. Rotate Rotates the Single Objects selected by 90. Stretch Modifies the length of Connections and Busbars. Erase Erases the Single Objects selected from the diagram. In the case of any errors, use the Undo command. Lock Objects Locks the Single Objects selected, which will not be modified in the subsequent calculations but only be verified. Unlock Objects Unlocks the Single Objects locked previously. An unlocked Single Object is redefined by the program during the calculation stage. Renumbering Modifies the current numbering of the codes of the Single Objects. The new numbering will be progressive in the following order: from left to right, from top to bottom, from the first to the last page. It only works for the Single Objects drawn in the free A3, A2, A1, A0 layouts. The numbering in the layouts in columns follows different criteria. Edit object labels Modifies the label contents and formatting. Move object labels Moves the labels displayed in the single-line diagram. DOC User Manual - Page 97 of 150
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Label management Defines which labels are displayed. Properties Carried out on a Single Object, it opens its window with the relative properties. Carried out on several Single Objects, it opens its window for managing multiple properties.
Objects Menu
The Objects menu contains the low voltage Single Objects and the Single Objects for connections and page links. This menu is only available in the DOC Professional profile. UPS Draws the UPS Single Object. Generator Draws the Generator Single Object. Transformer Draws the Transformer with 2 windings Single Object. Transformer with 3-windings Draws the Transformer with 3 windings Single Object. Cable Draws the LV cable Single Object. Busway Draws the Busway Single Object. Impedance Draws the Generic impedance Single Object. Busbar Draws the Busbar Single Object. Multimeter Draws the Multimeter Single Object. CB with Overload and Short Circuit protection Draws the LV circuit-breaker Single Object equipped with trip unit for protection against overload and short-circuit. CB with Overload and Short Circuit protection + RCB Draws the LV circuit-breaker Single Object equipped with trip unit for protection against overload, short-circuit and Residual Current Block. CB with only Short Circuit protection Draws the LV circuit-breaker Single Object equipped with trip unit only for protection against short-circuit. CB with only Short Circuit protection + RCB Draws the LV circuit-breaker Single Object equipped with trip unit only for protection against short-circuit and Residual Current Block.
Residual current CB Draws the Residual current circuit-breaker Single Object. Fuse Draws the LV Fuse Single Object. Switch-fuse Draws the LV Switch-fuse Single Object. Disconnector Draws the LV Disconnector Single Object. Contactor Draws the LV Contactor Single Object. Overload Relay Draws the Thermal trip unit Single Object. Thermomagnetic Manual motor starter Draws the Manual motor starter Single Object with trip unit for protection against overload and short-circuit. Magnetic only Manual motor starter Draws the Manual motor starter Single Object with trip unit only for protection against short-circuit. Generic load Draws the Generic load Single Object. Motor Draws the Motor Single Object. Lighting load Draws the Lighting load Single Object. Capacitor bank Draws the Capacitor bank Single Object. Connection Draws the Connection Single Object. Dashed connection Draws the Dashed connection Single Object. Vertical Departure line link Draws the Vertical Departure line link Single Object. Vertical Arrival line link Draws the Vertical Arrival line link Single Object. Horizontal Departure line link Draws the Horizontal Departure line link Single Object. Horizontal Arrival line link Draws the Vertical Departure line link Single Object.
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MV Objects Menu
The MV Objects menu contains the Medium voltage Single Objects. This menu is only available in the DOC Professional profile and only if the power supply selection is the MV Supply type. MV Cable Draws the MV Cable Single Object. MV circuit-breaker Draws the MV circuit-breaker Single Object. MV Disconnector Draws the MV Disconnector Single Object. MV Earth switch Draws the MV Earth switch Single Object. MV Disconnector+ fuse Draws the MV Disconnector and MV fuse Single Objects. MV Switch Disconnector Draws the MV Switch Disconnector Single Object. MV Switch Disconnector + Fuse Draws the MV Switch Disconnector and MV Fuse Single Objects. CT Draws the purely Graphic CT Object. HCT Draws the purely Graphic HCT Object. VT Draws the purely Graphic VT Object. Combisensor Draws the purely Graphic Combisensor Object. Resistive or Capacitive divider Draws the purely Graphic Voltage divider Object. Rogowski Coil Draws the purely Graphic Rogowski Coil Object. MV generic Load Draws the Generic load Single Object predefined with a specific symbol for Medium voltage.
Tools Menu
The Tools menu contains the commands for managing the main functionalities of DOC in terms of calculation, drawing curves and verification of switchboard overtemperatures. Furthermore, it contains management of free texts added to the single-line diagram and the Advanced Options. Text Adds a free text, defined by the user, not bound to any Single Object and which can be positioned as desired in the single-line diagram. Text management also includes the height and the style of the text itself.
Window for the inserting text into the single-line diagram
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Text Style Command for managing the text styles, the list and functions for creating/removing a text style. A text style contains the main information on the character used in writing the free text. To define a text style, type in the name and click over New. To use a text style, select the name of the style desired and select the Present option. General plant properties Opens the general plant properties window, described in chapter 3.2. Calculate Launches the calculations, as described in chapter 5. Network configurations Opens the window for defining the network configurations. Curves Displays the curves module, whose description is in chapter 6.
Switchboards Opens the window containing the definition of the switchboards in the single-line diagram, with the option for calculation of the switchboard overtemperatures and the possibility of adding a switchboard Label to the single-line diagram. The switchboard numbering is given by the program in a progressive way and can be customized by typing a new name for the switchboard in the Properties. The Calculate>> button opens OTC, the program for calculating switchboard overtemperatures, whose guide is available in the Help menu.
Window for managing the switchboards Coordination Tables Opens the latest version of the coordination tables in .pdf format.
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Options Definition of the advanced customization options. The Options are divided into the following pages: Circuit-breakers Management of temperature derating of circuit-breakers and product filters.
Preferences: Circuit-breaker page Cables Modifies the resistance and reactance data of the individual cable and filter to the list of sections used during calculation.
Preferences: Cable page
Calculation options Allows the window to be enabled/disabled to define the calculation options before dimensioning, and contains management of the other advanced options for dimensioning.
Preferences: Cable page Colors See chapter 3.4.1 Others Advanced Options for drawing. This allows selection of the DOC Light - DOC Professional profile and the panel for fast definition of the feeder to be enabled /disabled.
Preferences: Others page
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View Menu
The View menu contains the options for drawing management and display. Add page Adds a page to the single-line diagram. Delete page Removes the present page from the single-line diagram. To cancel removal of a page, use the Cancel command in the Edit menu. Change layout page dimensions Modifies the layout and consequently the dimensions of the page for the current page only. To modify several pages, enter the Project Navigator. Previous page Displays the previous page. Next page Displays the next page. Insert Logo/Picture Adds a logo from a graphic file in .jpg or .bmp format to all the pages of the single-line diagram. Toolbars Enables/disables a specific toolbar. Zoom Displays the part of a drawing contained in the selection window. Zoom in Zooms in towards the central point of the drawing. Zoom out Zooms out in the central point of the drawing. Zoom Previous Restores the previous Zoom level Zoom All Zoom which allows all the Single Objects present on the current page to be displayed. Pan Drags the diagram to only display the desired part. Regen Cleans the screen of the traces left when passing from one page to another.
Help Menu
The Help menu includes the guide for using the program and its warnings. User guide Contains the guide to using DOC, Curves and OTC. Technical guide Contains the versions in pdf format of the ABB Technical Application Notebooks of: QT1 Low voltage discrimination with ABB circuit-breakers; QT2 - MV/LV Substations: theory and examples of short-circuit calculation and QT3 - Distribution systems and protection against indirect contacts and ground faults, theElectrical Installation Handbook and the specifications of the Unimix Medium Voltage switchboards for secondary distribution. Warnings Shows the warnings about using the program, such as in the chapter: 1 Warnings. UTE Certification Shows certification of the program for calculation and dimensioning issued by the French UTE Standards body, relative to the NFC15-500 Standard. Info Shows the version of the program, to be communicated if you contact the Assistance service office.
MV Macros
The Medium voltage Macro Objects are not available in a Menu, but only after having selected Medium voltage in the Work flow Toolbar. Each Medium voltage Macro Object represents a typical unit of the ABB Unimix secondary distribution switchboard.
P1A dx Unit
Draws the P1A dx Macro Object. The P1A, A, RAC units and Cable riser duct can only be installed as first (on the left, or sx) or last (on the right, or dx) column of the switchboard.
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A dx Unit
Draws the A dx Macro Object. The P1A, A, RAC units and Cable riser duct can only be installed as first (on the left, or sx) or last (on the right, or dx) column of the switchboard.
RAC dx Unit
Draws the RAC dx Macro Object. The P1A, A, RAC units and Cable riser duct can only be installed as first (on the left, or sx) or last (on the right, or dx) column of the switchboard.
CL Left lat. cable riser Unit
Draws the Cable riser duct dx Macro Object. The P1A, A, RAC units and Cable riser duct can only be installed as first (on the left, or sx) or last (on the right, or dx) column of the switchboard.
P1A sx Unit
Draws the P1A sx Macro Object. The P1A, A, RAC units and Cable riser duct can only be installed as first (on the left, or sx) or last (on the right, or dx) column of the switchboard.
A sx Unit
Draws the A sx Macro Object. The P1A, A, RAC units and Cable riser duct can only be installed as first (on the left, or sx) or last (on the right, or dx) column of the switchboard.
RAC sx Unit
Draws the RAC sx Macro Object. The P1A, A, RAC units and Cable riser duct can only be installed as first (on the left, or sx) or last (on the right, or dx) column of the switchboard.
CL Right lat. cable riser Unit
Draws the Cable riser duct sx Macro Object. The P1A, A, RAC units and Cable riser duct can only be installed as first (on the left, or sx) or last (on the right, or dx) column of the switchboard.
P1E bus-tie + riser Unit
Draws the P1E bus-tie + riser Macro Object. The P1E bus-tie, P1F bus-tie, P2 bustie, P3 bus-tie and ASR bus-tie units can only be followed by the Riser unit. The program proposes a Macro Object with both the units, to speed up drawing.
P1F bus-tie + riser Unit
Draws the P1F bus-tie + riser Macro Object. The P1E bus-tie, P1F bus-tie, P2 bustie, P3 bus-tie and ASR bus-tie units can only be followed by the Riser unit. The program proposes a Macro Object with both the units, to speed up drawing.
P2 bus-tie + riser Unit
Draws the P2 bus-tie + riser Macro Object. The P1E bus-tie, P1F bus-tie, P2 bustie, P3 bus-tie and ASR bus-tie units can only be followed by the Riser unit. The program proposes a Macro Object with both the units, to speed up drawing.
P3 bus-tie + riser Unit
Draws the P3 bus-tie + riser Macro Object. The P1E bus-tie, P1F bus-tie, P2 bustie, P3 bus-tie and ASR bus-tie units can only be followed by the Riser unit. The program proposes a Macro Object with both the units, to speed up drawing.
ASR bus-tie + riser Unit
Draws the ASR bus-tie + riser Macro Object. The P1E bus-tie, P1F bus-tie, P2 bustie, P3 bus-tie and ASR bus-tie units can only be followed by the Riser unit. The program proposes a Macro Object with both the units, to speed up drawing.
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P1E Unit
Draws the P1E Macro Object.
P1F Unit
Draws the P1F Macro Object.
P2 Unit
Draws the P2 Macro Object.
P3 Unit
Draws the P3 Macro Object.
ASR Unit
Draws the ASR Macro Object.
M Measurements Unit
Draws the Measurements Macro Object.
Trafo box Unit
Draws the Trafo box Macro Object.
LV Macros
The Low voltage Macro Objects are not available in a Menu, but only after having selected Low voltage in the Work flow Toolbar. The Low voltage Macro Objects have been made to be able to create most types of low voltage plants. Further information about drawing with Macro Objects is available in chapter 4.2.
Main CB with Overload and Short circuit protection + RCB Draws the Main CB with Overload and Short circuit protection + RCB Macro Object. Main CB with Overload and Short circuit protection Draws the Main CB with Overload and Short circuit protection Macro Object. Main fuse Draws the Main fuse Macro Object. Main switch-fuse Draws the Main switch-fuse Macro Object. Main disconnector Draws the Main disconnector Macro Object. Line without main device Draws the Line without main device Macro Object. Line with arrival link Draws the Line with arrival link Macro Object. Departure line link Draws the Departure line link Macro Object. Arrival line link Draws the Arrival line link Macro Object.
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Main second level, CB with Overload and Short circuit protection + RCB Draws the Main second level, CB with Overload and Short circuit protection + RCB Macro Object. Main second level, CB with Overload and Short circuit protection Draws the Main second level, CB with Overload and Short circuit protection Macro Object. Main second level, Residual current CB Draws the Main second level, Residual current CB Macro Object. Main second level, Fuse Draws the Main second level, Fuse Macro Object. Main second level, Switch-Fuse Draws the Main second level, Switch-Fuse Macro Object. Main second level, Disconnector Draws the Main second level, Disconnector Macro Object.
Feeder line to sub board, CB with Overload and Short circuit protection + RCB Draws the Feeder line to sub board, CB with Overload and Short circuit protection + RCB Macro Object. Feeder line to sub board, CB with Overload and Short circuit protection Draws the Feeder line to sub board, CB with Overload and Short circuit protection Macro Object. Feeder line to sub board, Switch-Fuse Draws the Feeder line to sub board, Switch-Fuse Macro Object. Feeder line to sub board, Fuse Draws the Feeder line to sub board, Fuse Macro Object. Generic Load feeder, CB with Overload and Short circuit protection + RCB Draws the Generic Load feeder, CB with Overload and Short circuit protection + RCB Macro Object. Generic Load feeder, CB with Overload and Short circuit protection Draws the Generic Load feeder, CB with Overload and Short circuit protection Macro Object.
Generic Load feeder, Switch-Fuse Draws the Generic Load feeder, Switch-Fuse Macro Object. Generic Load feeder, Switch-Fuse + Residual current CB Draws the Generic Load feeder, Switch-Fuse + Residual current CB Macro Object.
Generic Load feeder, Fuse Draws the Generic Load feeder, Fuse Macro Object. Generic Load feeder, Fuse + Residual current CB Draws the Generic Load feeder, Fuse + Residual current CB Macro Object. Capacitor bank feeder, Circuit-breaker with Overload and Short circuit protection Draws the Capacitor bank feeder, Circuit-breaker with Overload and Short circuit protection Macro Object. Circuit-breaker with Overload and Short circuit protection and Capacitor bank Draws the Circuit-breaker with Overload and Short circuit protection and Capacitor bank Macro Object.
Motor feeder DOL, Magnetic only Manual motor starter and overload relay Draws the Motor feeder DOL, Magnetic only Manual motor starter and overload relay Macro Object. Motor feeder DOL, Thermomagnetic Manual motor starter Draws the Motor feeder DOL, Thermomagnetic Manual motor starter Macro Object. Motor feeder DOL, Switch-Fuse and overload relay Draws the Motor feeder DOL, Switch-Fuse and overload relay Macro Object. Motor feeder DOL, Magnetic Only Molded case CB and overload relay Draws the Motor feeder DOL, Magnetic Only Molded case CB and overload relay Macro Object. Motor feeder DOL, Molded case Circuit-breaker with MP release Draws the Motor feeder DOL, Molded case Circuit-breaker with MP release Macro Object. Motor feeder Star-Delta, Magnetic only Manual motor starter and overload relay Draws the Motor feeder Star-Delta, Magnetic only Manual motor starter and overload relay Macro Object.
ABB
Motor feeder Star-Delta, Thermomagnetic Manual motor starter Draws the Motor feeder Star-Delta, Thermomagnetic Manual motor starter Macro Object. Motor feeder Star-Delta, Switch-Fuse and overload relay Draws the Motor feeder Star-Delta, Switch-Fuse and overload relay Macro Object. Motor feeder Star-Delta, Magnetic Only Molded case CB and overload relay Draws the Motor feeder Star-Delta, Magnetic Only Molded case CB and overload relay Macro Object.
Motor feeder Star-Delta, Molded case Circuit-breaker with MP release Draws the Motor feeder Star-Delta, Molded case Circuit-breaker with MP release Macro Object.
Auxiliaries Macro
The Auxiliaries Macro Objects are not available in a Menu, but only after having selected Auxiliaries in the Work flow Toolbar. Line Draws the Line object. NO contact Draws the NO contact object. NC contact Draws the NC contact object. Changeover contact Draws the Changeover contact object. Changeover contact without interruption Draws the Changeover contact without interruption object. Changeover contact with 3 positions Draws the Changeover contact with 3 positions object. Coil Draws the Coil object. Contactor coil Draws the Contactor coil object. Emergency stop Draws the Emergency stop object. Pushbutton with automatic return Draws the Pushbutton with automatic return object. Tie-rod with automatic return Draws the Tie-rod with automatic return object. Closing pushbutton with positive operation Draws the Closing pushbutton with positive operation object. Manual operating mechanism with locking device Draws the Manual operating mechanism with locking device object. Manual operating mechanism Draws the Manual operating mechanism object. Rotary operating mechanism without automatic return Draws the Rotary operating mechanism without automatic return object.
ABB
ANNEX B: List and Description of the Single Objects and of the relative Control Panels
The following Annex includes the list and description of all the Single Objects windows.
Windows of MV Single Objects

This Annex contains the list and description of the windows of MV Single Objects, only available with the Professional Profile and only in projects started with an MV Supply. The windows of each Single Object can be displayed in two ways: With a double click over the Single Object symbol in the single-line diagram. Using the Properties command in the Edit menu.
MV circuit-breaker In the MV circuit-breaker control panel it is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines. Circuit-breaker family. The trip unit which will be associated with the circuit-breaker. The CT (only among those compatible with the trip unit selected). The HCT (only among those compatible with the trip unit selected)
Main MV circuit-breaker window
ABB
MV Disconnector In the control panel of the MV Disconnector it is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines. The Symbol of the disconnector, upright or turned over
Main MV disconnector window MV Earth disconnector In the control panel of the MV Earth disconnector it is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines.
Main MV grounding switch window
MV disconnector + Fuse In the control panel of the MV Disconnector + fuse it is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines.
Main window of MV disconnector with fuse MV Switch-Disconnector In the control panel of the MV Switch-Disconnector it is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines.
Main MV switch-disconnector window
ABB
MV Switch-disconnector + fuse In the control panel of the MV Switch-disconnector + fuse it is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines.
Main MV Switch-disconnector + fuse window
MV cable In the MV cable control panel it is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines. Ambient temperature. Maximum Cdt% on the branch of cable. Length. Type of cable (Single-core Multi-core). The maximum service temperature of the insulation (XLPE at 65C XPLE at 90C). The installation method (Overhead installation and relative details Installation in the ground and relative details).
Main MV cable window The Advanced Options >>> button allows the data which can change the carrying capacity of the cable to be defined as correction factors: Installation details (adjacent circuits depth of installation) Screen data (Type and Section) Minimum Iz/Ib ratio
Advanced Options for the MV cable
ABB
MV Load In the MV Load control panel it is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines. Consumption as a function of Load current and Power factor. Consumption as a function of active Power consumed and Power factor. Symbol with which the load will be displayed (a small ball - an arrow - a transformer).
Main MV Load window
Graphic symbols of the MV Load
Windows of LV Single Objects

This Annex contains the list and description of the windows of LV Single Objects. The windows of each Single Object can be displayed in two ways: With a double click over the Single Object symbol in the single-line diagram. UPS On the UPS control panel it is possible to define: Description. Apparent rated Power, Rated Power factor of the UPS (from these two data, the program finds how much active power Pn and reactive power Qn it is able to supply to the network). The relation between the short-circuit current and the rated current, with which the program calculates the contribution to the UPS fault. Using the Properties command in the Edit menu.
Main UPS window
ABB
Generator The Generator window allows you to define: Description of the type of generator (Model). The type of PV or PQ source. A PV generator will always keep the active Power and reference Voltage at its terminals constant. Consequently the reactive Power supplied to the network will be a function of the current required by the network. A PQ generator will always keep the active Power and reactive Power constant. Consequently the Voltage at the network terminals will be a function of the current required by the network. < Browse database allows you to search for a generator in the program database. >Add to database allows the generator currently defined to be saved in the program database. To be able to save a generator its Model must be written. The following rating plate data: Rated apparent Power and rated Power factor (from these two data the program will find how much active power Pn and reactive power Qn it is able to supply to the network). Loss participation factor: only for PV sources and with several generators in parallel, this factor decides how much a generator will be loaded. Armature resistance in [] or in [ms] of the time constant Ta. The Reactances: Subtransient (direct axis and quadrature), Transient, Synchronous, Inverse Sequence and Homopolar. The time constants: Subtransient and Transient.
Main Generator window
The rating plate data defined in the generator are used in the network and short-circuit calculations. Data not defined, or defined incorrectly, can produce results far from realty. When these data are not known, or availability of data is incomplete, it is advisable to select the generator with the characteristics most similar to your own generator from the DOC generator database, and if necessary modify the characteristics provided by the program using the data in your possession. Transformer The window of the Transformer allows you to define: Description of the type of transformer (Model). < Browse database allows you to search for a transformer in the program database. >Add to database allows the transformer currently defined to be saved in the program database. To be able to save a transformer, its Model must be written. The levels of voltage: MV/MV, MV/LV, LV/LV (the latter can be three-phase, twophase or single-phase). Rated power. Short-circuit impedance. Loss in the copper, defined as a percentage of the rated power or as an absolute value in [kW] (from which the resistive modulus of the transformer impedance is taken). For the Primary and Secondary windings: The type of winding, only for three-phase transformers (Star, Ground Star, Triangle). The rated voltage of the relative side of the plant. The no-load voltage, i.e. the voltage that the transformer would supply to the terminals of the secondary winding if no load was connected. Definition of the sockets and any set socket. The number of phases. The distribution system.
Main window of the Transformer
ABB
Transformer with 3 windings The window of the Transformer with 3 windings allows you to define: Description of the type of transformer (Model). The levels of voltage: MV/MV, MV/LV, LV/LV (the latter can be three-phase, twophase or single-phase). For the Primary, Secondary and Tertiary windings: The type of winding, only for three-phase transformers (Star, Star a ground, Triangle). The rated voltage of the relative side of plant. The no-load voltage, i.e. the voltage that the transformer would supply to the terminals of the secondary winding if no load was connected. The definition of the of the sockets and any set socket. The number of phases. The distribution system. Rated power. Short-circuit impedance. Loss in the copper, defined in a percentage of the rated power or as an absolute value in [kW] (from which the resistive modulus of the transformer impedance is taken).
Main window of Transformer with 3 windings
Impedance The Impedance is used for a short-circuit calculation in which the resistance and reactance characteristics of a cable or of a busway are already known. It is therefore possible to define: Phase Resistance and Reactance. Neutral Resistance and Reactance. PE Resistance and Reactance.
Main Impedance window
ABB
LV cable In the LV cable it is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines. Ambient temperature, to which a relative correction factor will be associated. The maximum Cdt% with which the single cable will be dimensioned. The Cable in double insulation (Class II) option. A cable in class II will not be verified for protection against indirect contacts. Cable length. Type of cable, defined as Single-core cable with sheath, single-core cable without sheath, multi-core cable PVC, EPR/XPLE Insulation, Mineral Insulation Conductor material made of Copper (Cu) or Aluminium (Al). The installation method, where the multiple selections serve to direct you to one of the methods defined in the reference Standard. Different Current Carrying Capacities, available Sections, correction Factors correspond with each method. The number and the section of the Phase, Neutral and PE conductors (or PEN, in TN-C systems).
Main LV cable window e The Advanced Options >>> button allows you to define the data which can change the carrying capacity of the cable: Installation details (adjacent circuits for several cables in the same duct or the installation depth for cables in the ground). Presence and Data of the PE, if different from the phase and Neutral conductors. Temperature performances of the insulation, which different K2S2 values correspond to and working temperature. The PE option laid in the same conduit as the phases determines the K2S2 of the PE. Installation symmetry considered for parallel cables. Presence of third harmonics, which will correspond to any over-dimensioning of the Neutral conductor. The minimum Iz/Ib ratio to be taken into consideration in dimensioning the cable.
LV cable Advanced Options Busway In the Busway it is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines. Ambient temperature, which a relative correction factor will be associated to. The maximum Cdt% with which the busway will be dimensioned. The Cable in double insulation (Class II) option. A cable in class II will not be verified for protection against indirect contacts. Length of the cable. The type of busway, defined as Section of Neutral at 50% or 100% The PE in the same housing as the phases or in a dedicated Housing The type of busway selected.
Main Busway window
ABB
Busbar The Busbar serves to display the values calculated by the program at a point of the network, as well as to connect several departures to a single main circuit-breaker. The values displayed on the Busbar page are: Rated voltage. Calculated voltage. Phase shift between the distributed voltage and the calculated voltage. Load current Ib. Power factor. Phases and Distribution system to the busbar, inherited from the branch which supplies it. The busbar also serves to set the Demand Factor (DF) of all loads connected to the busbar considered.
Busbar Window The Corrections button allows you to calculate: The capacitive reactive Power needed to correct the power factor of all the loads connected to the busbar under consideration to a new desired Power factor. The Power factor which will be reached according to the installed capacitive reactive Power.
Power factor correction Window
The values displayed on the Short-circuit currents page are: Short-circuit Ik and peak Ip current for Three-phase (LLL), Phase-Phase (LL), PhaseNeutral (LN) and Phase-Ground (LPE) faults.
Short-circuit currents Window It is also possible to display the Details of the short-circuit calculations: Short-circuit Ik and peak Ip current for Three-phase (LLL), Phase-Phase (LL), PhaseNeutral (LN) and Phase-Ground (LPE) faults. The details show all the components of the short-circuit defined in the selected calculation Standard.
Window with Details of the Short-circuit currents
ABB
Multimeter The Multimeter displays the values calculated by the program in any point of the network. The values displayed on the Load-Flow page are: Rated voltage. Calculated voltage. Phase shift between the distributed voltage and the calculated voltage. Load current Ib. Power factor.
Multimeter Load-Flow Window The Corrections button allows calculation of: The capacitive reactive Power needed to correct the power factor of all the loads connected to the busbar under consideration to a new desired Power factor. The Power factor which will be reached according to the installed capacitive reactive Power.
Power factor correction Window
The values displayed on the Short-circuit currents page are: Short-circuit Ik and peak Ip current for Three-phase (LLL), Phase-Phase (LL), PhaseNeutral (LN) and Phase-Ground (LPE) faults.
Short-circuit currents Window Furthermore, it is possible to display the Details of the short-circuit calculations: Short-circuit current Ik and of peak Ip for faults Three-phase (LLL), Phase-Phase (LL), Phase-Neutral (LN) and Phase-Ground (LPE). The details show all the components of the short-circuit defined in the selected calculation Standard.
Window with Details of the Short-circuit currents
ABB
LV circuit-breaker The LV circuit-breaker window displays the data used by the program to dimension the circuit-breaker itself. Some filters are also available to guide the program to select the circuitbreaker most suitable for the users requirements. It is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines. The values used for selection of the circuit-breaker are: Load current Ib which passes through the circuit-breaker, used to determine the size Iu of the circuit-breaker itself. Carrying capacity of the cable Iz, used to select the circuit-breaker with a set current Ith lower than Iz. The Standard for use of the circuit-breaker (Industrial or IEC 60497-2; Civil or IEC 60898). Maximum fault current Max Icc, used to select the Breaking capacity Minimum fault current Min Icc, used to select the magnetic setting Im of the circuitbreaker (if the circuit-breaker is not equipped with a residual current block). The filters available are: Type: Thermomagnetic circuit-breaker, Thermomagnetic with residual current circuitbreaker, Magnetic only circuit-breaker, Magnetic only circuit-breaker with residual current trip unit. This field is predefined according to the symbol drawn in the singleline diagram. Data of the residual current fitted with accessories: Wave form of the leakage current detected (A, AC, B). Tripping Characteristic (Instantaneous, Selective, Anti-disturbance). Rated sensitivity In. Version: Fixed, Withdrawable, Plug-in. The Poles (1P, 1P+N, 2P, 3P, 3P+N, 4P). Family of the circuit-breaker: Molded-case Tmax, Modular System Pro M Compact, Air Emax. Trip unit: Thermomagnetic or Electronic.
Main LV circuit-breaker window
The Select >> button allows selection of the desired circuit-breaker from a tree structure. The filters set in the main window are: Kept during selection of the product if Apply filters has been selected. Not considered during selection of the product if Free selection has been selected.
LV circuit-breaker Selection Window The Advanced Options >>> button allows you to define further criteria which come into selection of the circuit-breaker: Number of adjacent circuit-breakers, introduces derating of the carrying capacity of the miniature circuit-breakers. Breaking capacity, selected between Icu or Ics. Definition of a minimum Icw short-circuit withstand. The list of protected objects The discrimination and back-up functionalities
LV circuit-breaker Advanced Options Window
ABB
The Protected Objects button, in the Advanced Options >>> of LV circuit-breaker allows display and, if necessary, assignment of the protections of cables, busways, switchdisconnectors, residual current circuit-breakers and contactors to the circuit-breaker. The Protection of people data are taken from the General plant properties (chapter 3.2), and can be modified. These data are used for selection of the magnetic and/or a possible residual current block. The protections against short-circuit of Residual current circuit-breakers, Switchdisconnectors and Contactors are established according to the values and the rules defined in the ABB coordination Tables.
Window of Objects Protected by a LV circuit-breaker The Discrimination and back-up button in the Advanced Options >>> of LV circuitbreaker, allows two or more circuit-breakers with discrimination and back-up restrictions to be associated. The discrimination and back-up values used for selection of the circuit-breakers are given in the ABB Coordination Tables. The fields displayed in the definition of discrimination are: Level desired: short-circuit value up to which you want to verify discrimination. Total means: up to calculated Icc. Calculated Icc: short-circuit value of the circuit-breaker on the load side. Max [kA]: value of discrimination between the circuit-breakers at present selected.
LV circuit-breaker Discrimination and Back-up Window
Residual current circuit-breaker The data used by the program to dimension the residual current circuit-breaker itself are displayed in the Residual current circuit-breaker window. Some filters are also available to guide the program to select the product most suitable for the users requirements. It is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines. The values used for selection of the circuit-breaker are: Load current Ib which passes through the residual current circuit-breaker, used to determine the size of the circuit-breaker itself. The filters available are: Circuit-breaker Family: Modular System Pro M Compact, Modular System Pro M. Residual current data: Wave form of the leakage current detected (A, AC, B). Tripping characteristic (Instantaneous, Selective, Anti-disturbance). Rated sensitivity In. Poles (2P or 4P).
Main Residual current circuit-breaker window The Protected Objects button allows display and, if necessary, assignment of the protections against indirect contacts of cables and busways The Protection of people data are taken from the General plant properties (chapter 3.2), and can be modified. These data are used for selection of the residual current sensitivity.
ABB
Window of the Objects Protected by a Residual current circuit-breaker LV Fuse The data used by the program to dimension the fuse are displayed in the LV Fuse window. Some filters are also available to guide the program to select the fuse most suitable for the users requirements. It is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines. The values used for selection of the fuse are: Load current Ib which passes through the fuse, used to determine the rated current In of the fuse itself. Carrying capacity of the cable Iz, used to select the fuse with a rated current In lower than the Iz. The filters available are: Family of the fuse-holder base: closed or open bases. Fuse data: Cartridge: gG for general use or aM for motor protection Size of cartridge: 00, 0, 1, 2, 3 Poles of the fuse-holder base (1P, 2P, 3P).
Main LV Fuse window The Protected Objects button of the LV Fuse window allows display and, if necessary, assignment of the cable protections, busways, switch-disconnectors, residual current circuitbreakers and contactors to the circuit-breaker. The protection of people data are taken from the General plant properties (chapter 3.2), and can be modified.
Window of the Objects Protected by a LV Fuse
ABB
LV Switch-fuse The data used by the program to dimension the switch-fuse are displayed in the window of the LV Switch-fuse. Some filters are also available to guide the program to select the fuse most suitable for the users requirements. It is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines. The values used for selection of the fuse are: Load current Ib which passes through the switch-fuse, used to determine the rated current In of the fuse. Carrying capacity of the cable Iz, used to select the switch-fuse with a rated current In lower than Iz. The filters available are: Family of the switch-fuse: E930, OS, OESA. Fuse data: Cartridge: gG for general use or aM for motor protection Size of the cartridge: 00, 0, 1, 2, 3 Poles of the switch-fuse (1P, 1P+N 2P, 3P, 3P+N, 4P).
Main LV Switch-fuse window The Protected Objects button of the LV Switch-fuse window allows display and, if necessary, assignment of the cable protections, busways, switch-disconnectors, residual current circuit-breakers and contactors to the circuit-breaker. The protection of people data are taken from the General plant properties (chapter 3.2), and can be modified.
Window of the Objects Protected by a LV Switch-fuse
ABB
LV Disconnector In the LV Disconnector window it is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines. Load current Ib which passes through the disconnector, used to determine the size Iu of the disconnector itself. The filters available are: Disconnector family: Standard Disconnector, derived from Molded-case circuit-breaker or E 200 Miniature switch, derived from Air Circuit-breaker. Version: Fixed, Plug-in, Withdrawable Poles of the disconnector (3P, 4P). Use Icw and Use Icm serve to dimension the disconnector according to its shortcircuit withstand (Icw) and closing under short-circuit (Icm) characteristics. When both the boxes are disabled, the program dimensions the LV disconnector trying to protect it with the first circuit-breaker on the supply side, using the data in the ABB coordination Tables.
Main LV Disconnector window
LV Contactor In the LV Contactor window it is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines. Load current Ib which passes through the contactor, used to determine the carrying capacity Ie of the contactor itself. The filters available are: Contactor Family: Industrial Contactors of type A AF, ESB range, EN range; E 259 Installation relays; E 250 - Latching relays (electro-magnetic); E 260 - Latching relays (electronic). Poles of the contactor. The contactor service: AC-1 (resistive loads), AC-3 (inductive loads).
Main LV Contactor window The Advanced Options >>> button allows you to define further criteria for selection of the contactor according to the number and frequency of operations. Derating will show the carrying capacity Ie of the contactor.
LV Contactor Advanced Options Window
ABB
Generic load In the Generic load control panel it is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines. The utilization factor (UF). A 100A load with a UF of 50% will generate a current load Ib of 50A. Consumption as a function of Load current and Power Factor. Consumption as a function of active Power consumed and Power Factor. Symbol with which the load will be displayed (a ball - an arrow - a transformer).
Main Generic load window
Graphic symbols of the Generic load
Motor In the Motor control panel it is possible to define: Description of the User, on two lines. The utilization factor (UF). A 100A motor with a UF of 50% will generate a load current Ib of 50A. Motor model. Rated voltage Rated apparent Power Efficiency Rated power factor The rated current will be calculated from these data. Furthermore a database of the motors is available: < Load from database allows you to load a motor from the DOC motor database > Add to database allows you to save the motor currently defined in the DOC motor database. To be able to save a motor, the Model field must be filled in. The fields destined for coordination are only available if the motor is supplied from the Single Objects which make up one of the ABB coordinations, as in the Motor Departure Macro Objects (chapter 4.2). These fields include: Type of starting: Direct (DOL) or Star/Delta (YD). Class of starting: normal (class 10) or heavy-duty (class 30). Type of coordination: Type 1 or Type 2.
Main Motor window
ABB
The Advanced Options >>> button allows you to define other parameters of the motor. These parameters are: The ratio between the starting current and the rated current Ilr/In The number of poles The Rotor and Stator resistances and the reactances, in per unit (p.u.).
Motor Advanced Options Window Lighting load The Lighting load considers both the load part and the cable part of a lighting plant. The following are defined on the load side: Type of lamps. Rated power of each single lamp. The Phases loaded by the lamps. Number of lamps per phase. The length of the initial branch of cable as far as the first lamp. The distance between each lamp.
Window of the Lighting load, definition of the load
For the cable side, verify the LV cable Single Object described in this section. The length of the cable will be the result of Initial length + ((Number of lamps - 1) * Distance between each lamp). It is possible to change the data of the lamps on the cable side by clicking over the lampshaped icon.
Lights Window, definition of the cable
ABB
Capacitor bank The Capacitor bank allows the power factor to be corrected at a point in the network. Therefore, in its window it is possible to: Display the present Power factor of the busbar it is connected to. Set any value of capacitive reactive Power.
Capacitor bank Window The Calculate button allows the program to automatically select the capacitive reactive Power needed to achieve a given Power factor, starting from the present value. By confirming the calculation with Ok, the capacitive reactive Power calculated will be added to the Capacitor banks.
Window for automatic power factor correction
Connection Dashed Connection The Connection and Dashed Connection Single Objects serve to connect different Single Objects with each other. It is therefore possible to define the demand factor.
Connection and Dashed Connection Window Horizontal Departure line link Vertical Departure line link The Horizontal Departure line link and Vertical Departure line link Single Objects connect Single Objects placed on different pages with each other. The label which identifies each single departure line is assigned automatically by the program, whereas the user can add a description.
Departure line Window The Go to button links you directly to the connected arrival line. Horizontal Arrival line link Vertical Arrival line link The Horizontal Arrival line link and Vertical Arrival line link Single Objects connect Single Objects placed on different pages with each other. The label which identifies each arrival line is assigned by the user by means of the Link arrival to departure window.
Connect arrival page to departure Window
ABB
The user can add a description.
Arrival line Window The Go to button links you directly to the connected departure line. The button re-opens the Connect arrival to departure window button.

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Release 1.0.0.

STARTING TO WORK WITH DOC ............................................................ 10

DRAWING THE SINGLE-LINE DIAGRAM .............................................. 22

DOC User Manual - Page 2 of 150

CALCULATION AND DIMENSIONING .................................................... 47

VERIFICATION AND PROTECTIONS ...................................................... 58

DRAWING DIAGRAMS OF AUXILIARIES............................................... 74

PRINTING THE DOCUMENTATION......................................................... 80

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ANNEX A: LIST OF COMMANDS ....................................................................... 95

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Presentation of the Program

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DOC: Drawing the Single-line Diagram

DOC: Cable Section Calculation; Short-circuit Calculations

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DOC: Cable Protection and Selectivity Verification

DOC: Printing Project Documentation

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3. Starting to work with DOC

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Window for Profile Selection

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Plant General Properties

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MV supply: Calculator for defining the MV short-circuit

System with compensated neutral

1,1 V 3Io = Igr 2 + Igi 2 = + 3 1,1 V ((2 f ) Ce ) 1 3 (2 f ) Lp Rp

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Generator: representation in the single-line diagram

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Previews of the MV columns, LV columns and Free layouts

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Personalizing the Main Window

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4. Drawing the single-line diagram

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General indications on the drawing

Drawing with Macro Objects

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Low Voltage Macro Objects

General and General Second level Macro Objects

Generic departure and Motor departure Macro Objects

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2) Feeders protected by thermomagnetic device

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Switchboard over Several Pages

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Diagram with More than One Distribution Board

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5) Complete the sub-board with its feeder lines.

Sub-board with main switch-disconnector