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Uwe Rabenstein
LiDAC
Hochschule Wismar
April 8, 2009
Road lighting
1
Freedom of design
Freedom of design
2
Classification of roadlighting
mainroads
sideroads
junction / roundabout
shopping roads
residential roads
DIN EN 13201 part 1 to 4, some parts from DIN 5044 part 1 and 2;
(ME-classes with appr. 0.5cd/m² to 2cd/m²); CIE 115-1995
DIN EN 13201 part 1 to 4, some parts from DIN 5044 part 1 and 2;
(ME- or S-classes with appr. 0.5cd/m² or 3lx resp. 7lx); CIE 115-1995
DIN EN 13201 part 1 to 4, some parts from DIN 5044 part 1 and 2;
(CE-classes with 7.5lx to 50lx); CIE 115-1995
DIN EN 13201 part 1 to 4, some parts from DIN 5044 Teil 1 and 2;
(CE- or S-classes); CIE 115-1995
DIN EN 13201 parts 1 to 4, some parts from DIN 5044 Teil 1 and 2;
(ME- or S-classes with appr. 0.3cd/m² or 2lx resp. 10lx) ; CIE 115-1995
3
cd/m² ? lx?
basics of light
- Ko
ntra
s t
luminance cd/m²
illuminance lx
4
level of brightness
100000lx - sunlight
5
Influence of the luminace level for the traffic
L p = q • E hP
q = q (α , β , γ )
6
Influence of the local uniformity for the traffic
uniformity U0 and UL
Uniformity overall
∑L p
U0 = n
n
Uniformity along
UL = LRmin / LRmax
7
Glare?
What is glare?
• Visual comfort
• Visual power
8
Kinds of glare
-> create a discomfort and with a influence over a long period, the working
capacity is reduced.
Lo − Lu
Co =
Lu
Co contrast
Lu luminance in the surrounding
Lo luminance on the object
9
Influence from glare for the visibility
Lo − Lu
Co =
Lu + Lv
Co contrast
Lu luminance in the surrounding
Lo luminance on the object
Lv equivalent veiling luminance
LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting 19
Threshold increment
10
Threshold increment
Object dimension = 8’
Threshold increment
Lv
TI = 65 0.8
Lu
n
Ek
Lv = K ∑
k =1 θ k
2
11
Threshold increment
> 15 disagreeable
10 acceptable
< 10 good
Threshold increment
12
Threshold increment
• The direction of view is in one line with the area which is observed.
• The observed area has to be in the field of view from the observer.
Threshold increment
20°
30m
13
Lightingdesign for a boulevard
14
Information (example)
- Character: mainroad
- average luminance 1.0cd/m²
- uniformity overall U0 0.40
- uniformity along UL 0.60
- Character: footpath
- average illuminance 5lx
- minimum illuminance 1lx
Choose a luminare
15
Choose a luminare
Choose a luminare
16
Choose a luminare
IRIDIUM 252 IRIDIUM 253 KOFFER 70 MINIKOFFER KOFFER 100 KOFFER 150 KOFFER 250 SGS 201 SGS 203 SGS 204 SEIL- SEIL- SEIL- Flache Flache RESIDIUM
KOFFER 70 KOFFER 150 KOFFER 250 Ansatzleuchte Seilleuchte
17
Choice regarding the lightdistribution:
round and symmetrical optic
18
Choice regarding the lightdistribution:
Linear small UrbanLine (S)
19
Choice regarding the lightdistribution:
Linear asymmetrical with UrbanLine (A)
20
Choice regarding the lightdistribution:
Roadlighting optic
21
Rule of thumb for dimension of roadlighting with roadlighting optic
for T-lamps - spacing of the luminare for ME-classes regarding a
good uniformity
ME
ideal spacing = height of the luminare x 4-5 1-3
acceptable spacing = height of the luminare x 5-6 4-5
minimum spacing = height of the luminare x 6-7 6
22
Rule of thumb for dimension of roadlighting with decorativ optics -
height of the luminare for S-classes regarding a good uniformity
23
Rule of thumb for dimension of roadlighting
- Mounting on a arm
Angle of the arm max. 15°
24
Reflector positions
Arrangement of luminares
25
LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting 51
26
LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting 53
27
LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting 55
28
Determination of the illuminance classes
www.planungstool.philips.com
http://www.lighting.philips.com/de_de/tools_downloads/calculux/index.
php?main=de_de&parent=1_8&id=de_de_calculux&lang=de
• …
29
Design tools
Pedestrian crossing
30
Pedestrian crossing – basics (german standard
DIN 67523)
Definition:
b = roadwith
c = width of the pedestrian crossing
w = waiting area
dL = spacing of the valuation grid
A –F = valuation points
Definition:
= valuation points
31
Pedestrian crossing without any additional light
32
Pedestrian crossing - requirements
33
Pedestrian crossing – design tools
Fußgängerüberweg in
Hessisch-Oldendorf
LiDAC, Uwe Rabenstein, April 8, 2009, Basics for roadlighting 68
34
Roundabout
35
Roundabout – design tools
36
Roundabout - example
Aachen – Europaplatz, Metronomis
37
Freedom of design
38
Standards/recommendations for car park lighting
Requirements
Visibility from steps, persons, objects and cars
39
Colour of the light and colourrendering
n number of luminares
A area in m²
ηB utilisationfactor for the installation
ΦL Luminous flux from the luminare
40
Standarddimension on a car park
detail
4.5-5m 6-8m
2.5m
Asymmetrical floodlight
41
Possible luminare arrangement with floodlights
height = 8-10m
42
Possible luminare arrangement with lantern
height = 4-6m
Roadlighting optic
43
Possible luminare arrangement with street lighting luminares
height = 6-8m
44
Results of the lighting design via computer
1xCPO-TW 60W
Lph = 6m
Em = 15.2lx
g1 = 0.27
45
Energiesaving but how?
46
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