TANTA UNIVERSITY FACULTY OF ARTS ARCHAEOLOGY DEPARTMENT EGYPTOLOGY SECTION

The King "WAH-Ib-Ra" and his Monuments

Summary For Master's Degree
BY

Mahmoud Hamid Farraj Ali Elhosary

SUPERVISING

PROF.Dr

Adel Ahmed Zein El Abeden

PROF. PROF. Of, of Egyptian Archaeology Faculty of Arts - Tanta University
TANTA 2013 Published in

Acadmie.edu

Abstract
The King "Wah-Ib-Ra" and His Monuments
By: Mahmoud Hamid Farraj Ali Elhosary

The King "Wah-Ib-Ra" one of The great Kings who ruled Egypt
under the Twenty-sixth Dynasty, and The first action by the King when he ascended the throne, Is to restore the "Syrian Arab Republic" and "Palestine" In order to achieve the hopes of his family to recover ancient Egypt colonies there, and this has held an alliance with the King, "Zedekiah" against "Nebuchadnezzar" to avoid the fall of Jerusalem. The King "Wah-Ib-Ra" became known "Apries" () at the ancient Greeks, and Pharaoh "Hophra" at the Jews, There are other titles dubbed them, They title of "Wah-Ib-Ra" WAH ib Ra , Which refers to

the name of the birth of King, meaning "Constant is the Heart of Re" and the title of "Haa-Ib-Ra" @aa ib Ra , Which refers to the name

of coronation of the King, Which means "Rejoice heart of Ra" and we must differentiate between the two kings carried the title of "Wah-Ib-Ra" They King counting from "Psamtik I" founding family Twenty-sixth Dynasty and the King "Apries" the fourth king of the family, where is the title of "Wah-Ib-Ra" is the name of the coronation of the king " Psamtik I" and Birth name for King "Apries". The period of the life of King "Wah-Ib-Ra" from a difficult periods historically, because of a few of resources for the life of the king and his reign and his family, As for his Monuments Has Gave us a little about his life and his reign, so that I worked to elucidation and show these points :
II

The birth of King "Wah-Ib-Ra" : Thought Hincks that king Apries was born not later than about 612 B.C, the year in which "Psamtik I" died. He might have been born some years earlier, but could not be later.

Lineage of King "Wah-Ib-Ra" : where Lineage King "Apries" to his father King "Psamtik II" and his mother Queen "Takhut" that we knew Lineage King "Apries" to his father King "Psamtik II" From The Adoption Stela of "Ankhnesneferibre" at Karnak, as from this Stela "Ankhnesneferibre" her father "Psamtik II" and her brother "Apries", and also we knew the name of the mother of King "Apries" From the coffin of his sister Princess "Ankhnesneferibre", which contains inscriptions show Lineage princess to her father King "Psammetik II" and to her mother Queen "Takhut". Wife of King "Wah-Ib-Ra" : For the wife of King "Apries" she not known to us, only said "Sayce" that be wife "Apries" Queen "Aah-hotop" that Apries' wife goes unrecorded. The rule of King "Wah-Ib-Ra" : not known the real reign of King "Apries" where Historians disagree on the length of his reign, "Herodotus" said that the rule of the king twenty-five years, and said "Diodore" that the rule of him twenty-two years As for "Maniton" that he rule of nineteen years, and we known the last years for the reign of King from the Stele in the Museum Lausanne N 24, that looks good from the date of the last year of his reign, and Through this donation Stela shows us the reign of the king "Apries" a twenty-year-old.

III

The civil war between the King "Wah-Ib-Ra" and "Amasis" : The events of the civil war For the course of the usurpation, as distinct from the chronology, we are dependent on a consideration of Herodotus, Diodorus Siculus, the Elephantine stela of Amasis, and a fragment of a Babylonian royal text. According to Herodotus, the defeat of an Egyptian army sent against Cyrene by Apries led to a rebellion. When Apries dispatched one of his officials, Amasis, to bring the soldiers to heel, the latter was proclaimed king by the rebels, and joined them, Apries alienating more of his subjects by the mutilation of an unfortunate courtier who brought the bad news. Apries advanced from Sais with 30,000 Carians loniansand onians against the oncoming Amasis. The battle which followed at Momemphis resulted in a victory for Amasis, the capture of Apries and, after an unspecified time, the death of the latter at the hands of the populace to whom he had been unwillingly surrendered by the new king. He was, howeve, granted burial in the dynastic cemetery in the precinct of Neith at Sais.

The joint-reign between "Apries" and "Amasis" : There was no joint-reign between "Apries" and "Amasis" and The monuments of the joint-reign of "Apries" and "Amasis" conclusively show that for some years "Apries" remained a political prisoner under the power of his nominal co-regent "Amasis". And the Block with scene of Amasis with naos followed by Ra (Champollion and Roselini) give cartouche of Apries in error, probably originally from Memphis, found in Citadel.

IV

A few monuments of the King "Wah-Ib-Ra" in Upper Egypt : the monuments of "Apries" in Upper Egypt Less than his monuments in lower Egypt because the reign of King "Apries" was in Lower Egypt and in the capital, "Sais". found Newly about Stela for the king "Apries" in Tel Dafnah : the archaeologists Egyptians has found New for the Pharaoh Apries the XXVI dynasty (589-570 BC) in Tel Dafnah. In the end , I have divided my study into preapprehension, then two parts, each part Contain about three chapters

Volume I

The life of the King "Wah-Ib-Ra" and his Employees Chapter 1: The first Chapter was about The King "Wah-Ib-Ra" and his family. Chapter 2: The second Chapter was about the arrival of the king "WahIb-Ra" to the throne and his reign. Chapter 3: The Third Chapter was about the Employees in the reign of King "Wah-Ib-Ra".

Volume II The monuments of the king "Wah-Ib-Ra" Chapter 1: The first Chapter was about the monuments of the King "Wah-Ib-Ra" in Lower Egypt. Chapter 2: The second Chapter was about the monuments of the King "Wah-Ib-Ra" in upper Egypt. Chapter 3: The Third Chapter was about the Other monuments of the king "Wah-Ib-Ra".

VI

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Kamal,A., "Fragments De Monuments Provenant Du Delta", ASAE 5, Le Caire, (1904). ___________., "Quelques fragments provenant d'Ouasim" ASAE 4, Le Caire, (1904). ___________., "Rapport sur quelques localits de la Bassegypte", ASAE 7, Le Caire, (1906). ___________., "Rapport sur une inspection faite Tell el-Waqa", ASAE 8, Le Caire, (1907). ___________., "Tables d'offrandes", CGC n 23001-23256, Le Caire, (1909). Kaplan,P., "Cross-cultural Contacts among Mercenary Communities in Saite and Persian Egypt", MHR 18: 1, 1, Londres, (2003). Kamil,J., "Sakkara and Memphis a Guide to the Necropolis and the Ancient Capital", London, (1985). Karenga,T., "The Office of The Divine Wife of Amen in 25th And 26th Dynasties: A study of Women and Power in Ancient Egypt", California, (2007). Kees,H., "Die Kopenhagener Schenkungsstele aus der Zeit des Apries," ZS 72, Leipzig, (1936). Kemp,B., "The Palace of Apries at Memphis", MDAIK 33, Wiesbaden, (1977). ___________., "A Further Note on the Palace of Apries at Memphis" GM 29, Gttingen, (1978). ___________., "Ancient Egypt: anatomy of a civilization", New York, (2006). Kenrick,J., "Ancient Egypt under the Pharaohs", Vol. II , London, (1850). Kerr,A., "Ancient Egypt and Us The Impact of Ancient Egypt on the Modern World", Ferniehirst Publishing, (2009). Kipfer,B., "Encyclopedic dictionary of archaeology", Springer, New York, (2000). Kircher,A., "Obelisci Aegyptiaci nuper inter Isaci Romani rudera Effossi Interpretatio Hieroglyphica", Varensius, (1666). Kleibl,K., "The Background of the Cypriot Ram 160 Gods Iconography", in: POCA 2007: Postgraduate Cypriot Archaeology Conference, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, (2010). Kminek-Szedlo,G., "Museo Civico di Bologna", Catalogo di Antichit egizie, (1895). Koch,K., "The Prophets The Babylonian and Persian periods", Vol. II, Fortress Press, (1983). Koefoed-Petersen,O., "Publication De La Glyptothque Ny Carlsberg N 1. Les stles gyptiennes", Copenhague, (1948).
Q

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___________., " Notes dinspection XVIII-XXVI ", ASAE 6, Le Caire, (1905). ___________., "Renseignements sur les dernires dcouvertes faites Karnak", RT 27, Paris, (1905). ___________., "Notes D'inspection", ASAE 7, Le Caire, (1906). ___________., "Notes d'inspection", XLIII, Sur une Variante du protocole royal d'Apris, ASAE 8, Le Caire, (1907). ___________., "Notes dinspection. XLVII-XLVIII" ASAE 8, Le Caire, (1907). Leitz,C., "Orientalia Lovaniensia Analecta, Lexikon der gyptischen Gtter und Gtterbezichnungen", Band II,V, (2002). Leonardis,S & Masi,S., "Art and history Rome and the Vatican", Firenze, (1999). Lepsius,R., "Briefe aus Aegypten, Aethiopien und der Halbinsel des Sinai geschrieben in den Jahren", Berline, (1852). ___________., "Letters from Egypt, Ethiopia And The Peninsula Of Sinai", London, (1853). ___________., "Denkmler aus Aegypten und Aethiopien", Text I, Leipzing, (1897). ___________., "Denkmler aus Aegypten und Aethiopien", Vol. III, Leipzing, ___________., "Denkmler aus Aegypten und Aethiopien", Text IV, Leipzing, (1901). Levin,Y., "Numbers 34:2-12, the Boundaries of the Land of Canaan and the Empire of Necho", JANES 30, New York, (2006). Levin,K., "The Male Figure in Egyptian and Greek Sculpture of the Seventh and Sixth Centuries B.C.", AJA 68, New York, (1964). Lichtheim,M., "Ancient Egyptian Literature", Vol. III, The Late Period, (1976). Lincoln,B., "Religion, empire, and torture the case of Achaemenian Persia", University of Chicago Press, Chicago, (2007). Lipschits,O., "Ammon in Transition from Vassal Kingdom to Babylonian Provinc", BASOR 335, New Haven, Conn., (2004). ___________., "The fall and rise of Jerusalem: Judah under Babylonian rule", Eisenbrauns, (2005). Lloyd,A., "Triremes and the Sate Navy", JEA 58, Londres, (Aug., 1972). ___________., "Necho and the Red Sea: Some Considerations", JEA 63, Londres, (1977).

___________., " The Late Period (664-332 BC)", The OxfordHistory of Ancient Egypt, edited by Ian Shaw, Oxford, (2000). Lord,J., "Beacon Lights of History", Vol. II, New York, (2009). Lopes,M., The Portuguese Archaeological Project at Memphis: The Apries Palace in Km Tumn", by Goyon,J & Cardin,C., Vol. II, OLA 150, Moscow, (2007). Lucado,M., "The Lucado Life Lessons Study Bible", Thomas Nelson, (2010). Macaulay,G., "An Account of Egypt, by Herodotus", ARC Manor, (2008). Magill,F & Moose,C., "Dictionary of World Biography The Ancient World" , London, (2005). Malamat,A., "The Twilight of Judah in the Egyptian-Babylonian Maelstrom", VTS 28, (1975). Manley,B., "The Penguin Historical Atlas Of Ancient Egypt", London, (1996). Manning,J., "The Last Pharaohs Egypt Under The Ptolemies 305 30 BC", Princeton University, New Jersey, (2010). Mariette,A., "Choix de monuments et de dessins dcouverts ou excuts pendant le dblaiement du Srapeum de Memphis", Paris, (1856). ___________., "Monuments Divers Recueillis En gypte et en Nubie", Paris, (1872). ___________., "The monuments of Upper Egypt", Boston, (1890). ___________., "Outlines of ancient Egyptian history", New York, (1892). Martin,G., "The Tomb of Hetepka, and other Reliefs and Inscriptions From the Sacred Animal Necropolis North Saqqara 1964-1973" London, (1979). Marucchi,O., "Gli obelischi egiziani di Roma", Roma, (1898). Maspero,G., "Notes sur quelques points de Grammaire et d'Histoire", ZS 19, Leipzig, (1881). ___________., "Notes sur quelques points de Grammaire et d'Histoire", ZS 22, Leipzig, (1884). ___________., "Life in ancient Egypt and Assyria", (1892). ___________., "Histoire ancienne des peuples de l'orient classique", Vol. III, Paris, (1899). ___________., "The passing of the empires, 850 B.C. to 330 B.C.", London, (1900). ___________., "Guide du visiteur au Muse du Caire", Le Caire, (1902).

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Modrzejewski,J., "The Jews of Egypt from Rameses II to Emperor Hadrian", Jewish Publication Society, Philadelphia, (1997). Mogensen,M., "La Glyptothque Ny Carlsberg. La Collection gyptienne", Copenhagen, (1930). Moldenke,C., "The New York obelisk, Cleopatra's needle. With a preliminary sketch of the history, erection, uses, and signification of obelisks", New York, (1891). Montet,P., "Vies des pharaons illustres", Paris, (1984). Montgomery,J., "A critical and exegetical commentary on the Books of Kings", Edinburgh, (1951). Montserrat,D & Meskell,L., "Mortuary Archaeology and Religious Landscape at Graeco-Roman Deir el-Medina", JEA 83, Londres, (1997). Morgan, J., "Catalogue Des Monuments et Inscriptions de L'gypte Antique", Vol. I, Vienne, (1894). Morkot,R., "Economic and Cultural Exchange between Kush and Egypt", London, (1993). ___________., "Archaism and innovation in art from the New Kingdom to the Twenty-sixth Dynasty", In: "Never had the like occurred": Egypt's view of its past London, (2003). ___________., 'Historical dictionary of ancient Egyptian warfare", Oxford, (2003). ___________., "The Egyptians an introduction", Routledge, New York, (2005). Morkot,R & James,P., "Peftjauawybast, King of Nen-nesut: genealogy, art history, and the chronology of Late-Libyan Egypt", in: AO 7, University of Buenos Aires, (2009). Mller,C., "Legende, Novelle, Roman dreizehn Kapitel zur erzhlenden", Gttingen, (2006). Mller,H., " Der Obelisk von Urbino ", ZS 79, Leipzig, (1954). ___________., "Ein K nigsbildnis der 26 (Blauen Krone) im Museo Civico zu Bologna", ZS 80, Leipzig, (1955). Murison,R., "History of Ancient Egypt", London, (1951). Murray,M., "The Splendor That Was Egypt", Courier Dover Publications, New York, (2004). Myliwiec,K., "The twilight of ancient Egypt first millennium B.C.E", Cornell University Press, (2000). Nera,F., "gypte, guide historique et culturel", Paris, (1986). Naville,E & Griffith,F., "The Mound of the Jew and the City of Onias Belbeis, Samanood, Abusir, Tukh El Karmus. 1887", London, (1890). Naville,E., "Bubastis (1887-1889)", London, (1891).
V

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