Fisica estatistica-salinas-resolvido-cap 1

Fisica estatistica-salinas-resolvido-cap 1
EXERCCIOS DO CAPTULO 1 RESOLVIDO DO SALINAS Chapter 1 - Answers to selected exercises

http://www.ebah.com.br/content/ABAAAA80QAK/f...

1. Obtain the probability of adding up six points if we toss three distinct dice. binomial distribution for a one-dimensional random walk, with Draw a graph of versus . b. Use the values of , and , and

2. Consider a . a.

to obtain the corresponding

. Draw a graph of Gaussian distribution, c. Repeat items (a) and (b) for and

versus to compare with the previous result. . Are the new answers too different?

3. Obtain an expression for the third moment of a binomial distribution. What is the behavior of this moment for

? large occurrences of this event out of

4. Consider an event of probability trials is given by the binomial distribution

. The probability of

If is small ( ), Poisson distribution,

is very small, except for

. In this limit, show that we obtain the

where is the mean number of events. Check that is normalized. Calculate and for this Poisson distribution. Formulate a statistical problem to be solved in terms of this distribution. Note that , and Also,we have , for and .

Therefore, two events and

and . Let

5. Consider an experiment with be the number of events in which ;

equally likely outcomes, involving ; and be the number of occur; and be

occurs, but not

events in which

occurs, but not

be the number of events in which both nor occur. (a) Check that

the number of events in which neither that

. (b) Check

and

where probability both and

and

are the probabilities of occurrence of of occurrence of either or

and

, respectively. (c) Calculate the of occurrence of occurs. (f)

. (d) Calculate the probability that occurs given that occurs given that

. (e) Calculate the conditional probability that

Calculate the conditional probability

occurs. (g)Show that

1 de 2

02-07-2011 14:42

Fisica estatistica-salinas-resolvido-cap 1

http://www.ebah.com.br/content/ABAAAA80QAK/f...

and

(h) Considering a third event

, show that

which is an expression of Bayes' theorem. 6. A random variable is associated with the probability density

for and ; (b)

. (a) Find the mean value

. (b) Two values

and

are chosen independently. Find ? (a)

. (c) What is the probability distribution of the random variable and ; (c) Note that

To obtain this result, it is enough to use an ntegral representation of the the integrations. 7. Consider a random walk in one dimension. After , where probability distribution

-function (see Appendix) and perform

steps from the origin, the position is given by

is a set of independent, identically distributed, random variables, given by the

where and are positive constants. After steps, what is the average displacement from the origin? What is the standard deviation of the random variable ? In the large limit, what is the form of the Gaussian

distribution associated with this problem?

8. Consider again problem 7, with a distribution

of the Lorentzian form

with

. Obtain an expression for the probability distribution associated with the random variable ? Why? Now we should be careful, as

. Is it , but

possible to write a Gaussian approximation for large

diverges! The Lorentzian form does not obey the conditions of validity of the central limit theorem.

2 de 2

02-07-2011 14:42