University of Ottawa

Fall 2013

Theory of Structures II
CVG 4148 Instructor: A. Abdulridha

Slop Deflection Method

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Slop Deflection-1

University of Ottawa

Fall 2013

Degrees of Freedom:
When a structure is loaded, specified points on it, called nodes, will undergo unknown displacements. These displacements are referred to as the degrees of freedom for the structure, and in the displacement method of analysis it is important to specify these degrees of freedom since they become the unknowns when the method is applied.

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Any load P applied to the beam will cause node A only to rotate (neglecting axial deformation), while node B is completely restricted from moving. Hence the beam has only one unknown degree of freedom, A

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Slop Deflection-2

University of Ottawa

Fall 2013

Again, if we neglect axial deformation of the members, an arbitrary loading P applied to the frame can cause nodes B and C to rotate, and these nodes can be displaced horizontally by an equal amount. The frame therefore has three degrees of freedom B. C and C
CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Slope-Deflection Equations: General Case:

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Slop Deflection - 3

University of Ottawa

Fall 2013

In order to develop the general form of the slopedeflection equations, we will consider the typical span AB of a continuous beam which is subjected to the arbitrary loading and has a constant EI. We wish to relate the beams internal end moments and in terms of its three degrees of freedom, namely, its angular displacements A and B and linear displacement which could be caused by a relative settlement between the supports. Moments and angular displacements will be considered positive when they act clockwise on the span Furthermore, the linear displacement is considered positive as shown, since this displacement causes the cord of the span and the spans cord angle to rotate clockwise.
CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

The slope-deflection equations can be obtained by using the principle of superposition Angular Displacement at A, A why M exist?

negative

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

shear by rot?

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Slop Deflection - 4

University of Ottawa

Fall 2013

The deflection of the real beam is to be zero at A and B, and therefore the corresponding sum of the moments at each end and of the conjugate beam must also be zero.

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Angular Displacement at B, B In a similar manner forget fixed? act use vertical?

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Slop Deflection - 5

University of Ottawa

Fall 2013

Relative Linear Displacement,

If the far node B of the member is displaced relative to A, so that the cord of the member rotates clockwise (positive displacement)

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Due to the displacement of the real beam at B, the moment at the end of the conjugate beam must have a magnitude of

why =?

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Slop Deflection - 6

University of Ottawa

Fall 2013

Fixed-End Moments:
In order to develop the slope-deflection equations, we must transform any span loadings into equivalent moments acting at the nodes.

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

-rot cause fixed? Since we require the slope at each end to be zero

For general span loading

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Slop Deflection - 7

University of Ottawa

Fall 2013

Fixed End Moments (FEM):

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Slop Deflection- 8

University of Ottawa

Fall 2013

Slope-Deflection Equation:
If the end moments due to each displacement and the loading are added together, the resultant moments at the ends

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Slop Deflection - 9

University of Ottawa

Fall 2013

Pin-Supported End Span:

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

we can modify the general slope-deflection equation so that it has to be applied only once to the span rather than twice

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Slop Deflection - 10

University of Ottawa

Fall 2013

Example:
Draw the shear and moment diagrams for the beam shown. EI is constant.

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Example:
Determine the moment at A and B for the beam shown. The support at B is displaced (settles) 80 mm. Take I = 511062 mm4.

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Slop Deflection - 11

University of Ottawa

Fall 2013

Analysis of Frames: No Sidesway

A frame will not sidesway, or be displaced to the left or right, provided it is properly restrained.

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Also, no sidesway will occur in an unrestrained frame provided it is symmetric with respect to both loading and geometry

For both cases the term in the slope-deflection equations is equal to zero, since bending does not cause the joints to have a linear displacement.
CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Slop Deflection - 12

University of Ottawa

Fall 2013

Example:
Determine the moments at each joint of the frame shown. EI is constant.

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Analysis of Frames: Sidesway

A frame will sidesway, or be displaced to the side, when it or the loading acting on it is nonsymmetric.

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Slop Deflection - 13

University of Ottawa

Fall 2013

Example:
Determine the moments at each joint of the frame shown. The supports at A and D are fixed and joint C is assumed pin connected. EI is constant for each member.

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

CVG 4148 Theory of Structures II

Slop Deflection - 14