Bouthaina Shaaban PRESIDENTS ADVISOR Farouq al-Sharaa VICE PRESIDENT Walid Mouallem FOREIGN MINISTER

Zuhair Hamad DEPUTY HEAD GID

Hafez Makhlouf HEAD, GID Damascus

Kharafi Group (Kuwait) Marafeq

Daman Securities UAE Syrian Pearl Airlines Daman al-Cham Cham Investment Group SyriaTel Mobile Telecom

CNPC (China) Syria-Sino al-Kawkab Oil Bena Properties

Total

IPR (Improved Petroleum Recovery) Oudeh Petroleum Hayan Petroleum

Shell

Petro-Canada
RELATED BY BLOOD

Dier Ezzor Petroleum

Arrasheed Oil

Al-Furat Petroleum

RELATED BY MARRIAGE ALAWITE SUNNI OTHER

Mohammad Dib Zaitoun HEAD, GID

SANA Investment

MADA

Elba Petroleum

Ali Mamluk DIRECTOR National Security Bureau

Mohammad Ibrahim al-Shaar MINISTER OF INTERIOR

Mohammed Makhlouf BUSINESSMAN

Cham Holdings

Syrian Petroleum aka General Petroleum DIRECTOR GENERAL Omar al-Hamad

Dijlah Petroleum

Ministry of Oil & Mineral Resources HEAD Suleiman al-Abbas

Gulfsands Oil Iyad Makhlouf GID Officer Ihab Makhlouf BUSINESSMAN Al-Mashreq Investment Fund

Commercial Bank of Syria Real Estate Bank of Syria

SyriaTech Middle East Marketing Information & Communications Technology (MEMO-ICT)

Abdul Fatah Qudsiya DEPUTY CHIEF National Security

Central Bank of Syria

Rami Makhlouf BUSINESSMAN

Rustum Ghazall HEAD Political Security Directorate

Atef Najib FORMER HEAD Political Security, Deraa Mohammed Nasif Khierbeck DEPUTY VP Security Affairs

BASHAR AL-ASSAD PRESIDENT

Dhu al-Himma Shalish HEAD Presidential Security

Addounia TV RunNet ISP

Ali Yunus DEPUTY VP Security Affairs

Maher al-Assad COMMANDER Republican Guard

Mohammed Hamsho SUNNI BUSINESS ELITE Raif al-Quwatli SUNNI BUSINESS ELITE Khalid Qaddur SUNNI BUSINESS ELITE

Hamsho International Group

Arabesque Radio Syria Metal Industries Saber Hamsho and Sons Carpet Cham Engineering and Contracting Foreign Affiliates: Simem (Italy) Dalcom (Italy), Meva (Germany) Syrian Art Production Int'l (TV/drama production) Hamsho Establishment Construction (HEC) Hamsho Trade and Construction (HTC) Hamsho Communication Seif al-Sham Equestrian Club Jupiter Rent A Car Syria Palmyra Village and Resort Zaman al-Khair Restaurant Al Rai Group

ISNAD Engineering Industries (Iraq and Jordan)

Jamil Hassan HEAD Air Force Intelligence

Rafiq Shahadah CHIEF Military Intelligence

Fahd Jassem al-Freij MINISTER OF DEFENSE Riyad Shalish DIRECTOR Military Housing Establishment

Munir Adnuf DEPUTY CHIEF OF STAFF

Ali Abdullah Ayyoub CHIEF OF STAFF Armed Forces 4th Armored Division Special Unit of Syrian Armed Forces

Jameh Jameh HEAD Military Intelligence Deir Ezzor

Ayman Jabir

Fawaz al-Assad

Republican Guard Special Unit of Syrian Armed Forces

Military Housing Establishment Alias: MILIHOUSE Regime funding

Mohammad Jabir

Munzer al-Assad

Shabiha Armed Alawite Militia

Ghassan Belal 4th Armored Division

Aous Aslan REPUBLICAN GUARD

Jupiter Investment, Syria Middle East Company Contracting (MECC) Egyptian Company Food Industries Al Ghabra Purebread Arabian Horses Yafour Hotel Resort (Damascus)

2013 The Washington Institute for Near East Policy