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The Georeferencing process allows for creation and storage of control point information that assigns coordinates to raster datasets (.tif, .jpeg, .img, GRID, etc.) for display of the dataset in its correct geographic location.
In ArcCatalog, browse to the folder your dataset is contained in. Right-click the raster dataset and select Properties Click the Spatial Reference tab in the Raster Dataset Properties window Click Edit in the same window to choose the correct map projection.
Find the proper projection / coordinate system info from your map and assign it to the raster by clicking Select in the XY Coordinate System window and browsing to the datas projection system. 1
Click OK to accept the current projection assignment. Click OK to close the Raster Dataset Properties window You can close the ArcCatalog window Open ArcMap by clicking Start > All Programs > ArcGIS > ArcMap. Click Add Data Browse to your raster, click on it, and and click Open to add it to the map. Click Yes in the Create Pyramids for Data s Name Click View-Toolbars-Georeferencing Toolbar
Type in the X Map and Y Map values for the first coordinate point
Click Full Extent to see the whole raster data on the screen
Click Full Extent to see whole your raster data on the screen
Click Full Extent to see whole your raster data on the screen
Click Georeferencing and click Rectify to save the transformation information with the raster.
Accept Cell Size value Click Resample Type >Nearest neighbor (for discrete data) generally this is the best choice. Type the rasters new name in the Name box Click Save This creates a new file with the name specified, and an associated .aux file that contains the coordinate information. Click Add Data Browse to the new raster file, click it, and click Open The georeferenced raster is added to the map. Click Yes when prompted to Create Pyramids.
Open ArcMap by clicking Start > All Programs > ArcGIS > ArcMap Click Add Data, and browse to the GIS layer to which you will georeference the raster data, select it, and click Open to add it to the map.
Notice from the coordinate display that the GIS layer is georeferenced already
Examine the source image that needs georeferencing for a projection definition. Click the right mouse button on Layers in the table of contents. Select Properties, Select the Coordinate System tab in the Data Frame Properties window. In the Select a Coordinate System window, click Predefined, and set the projection to the same as the source map.
Click Add Data, Browse to the raster file from the Add Data window and select it, Click Open to add the source image to ArcMap. At the ArcMap message:
Click OK, The image is added to the bottom of the table of contents. Click and drag the source image to the top of the table of contents.
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Click View > Toolbars > Georeferencing Toolbar, Zoom the map to the general area your image covers. Click Georeferencing and click Fit To Display, This will display the source image in the same area you are zoomed into. Click the right mouse button on the source image in the table of content, Select Properties, Click the Display tab in the Layer Properties window, Type 30 in the Transparency to display the image with a 30% transparency. Click OK.
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Now it is time to match features in the image with those on the GIS layer. map. Adding more than 4 may improve the georeferencing result.
minimum of 4 identical points are required, preferably one on each corner of the
When adding control points, choose discrete features visible in both the image and GIS layer. For example: road intersections, narrow tips of islands, etc. Zoom in and click as accurately as you can when adding control points.
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Zoom out until the same feature on the GIS layer is visible. Zoom in to the same feature on the GIS layer.
Click Add Control Point, Click the left mouse button on the same feature in the GIS layer to assign the first coordinate. After clicking, the source image will move, and align itself with the GIS layer based on the control point you added. Click View Link Table, The first control point appears on the list in the View Link Table, with the map coordinates automatically added.
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Zoom out until the same feature on the GIS layer is visible. Zoom in to the second matching feature on your GIS layer,
Click Add Control Point, Click the left mouse button over the same feature in the referenced image to add the second coordinate. Click View Link Table, The second control point appears on the list in the View Link Table.
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3. Point
Accept Cell Size value, Choose Resample Type >Nearest neighbor (for discrete data) generally this is the best choice. Type the name of the georeferenced raster in the Name box,
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Click Save and a new file with the name specified will be created, along with an associated .aux file that contains the coordinate information. Click Add Data, Browse to the newly created raster in the Add Data window, Select it, and click Open, Click Yes in the Create Pyramids, dialog box, and the georeferenced raster will be added to the map.
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