PROPERTIES OF HOT & COLD FLUID

Vessel/ Tank
Steam [Use TABLE 6-16]
Specific Volume (Vs)
Enthalpy/ Latent heat of evaporation (E)
Viscocity ()
Service Fluid (Water)
Specific Heat of Vessel content (Cp)
Specific Gravity of Liquid (Sg)
Log mean Temp Difference (T)
GTD
LTD
T
Heat Loss through vessel
Qty of Liquid to be heated, G
Qty of Liquid to be heated, G (for batch Production)
Mass Flow Rate, M
Heat Required, Q
Heat Transfer Coefficient, U
Area of Coil Required (Ar)= Q / ( UT )
NPS of Pipe
Clearance from vessel wall ( C )
Centerline diameter of Coil (Dc)
Length of Pipe required (Lr)=Ar/S
Coil radius (Dc)
Pitch (p)
Selected number of turns, Nselect
Selected number of turns
Actual Length of coil, La
Rate of Flow, W=Q/E
Reynolds number, Re = (6.31*W)/ (di * )
Velocity of Steam in Water, V = 0.00085WVs/ di2
Pressure drop, P = 2fLaV2/ 3gDi

Diameter (Dv)
Height
Liquid Height
Volume (VT/T)

3.71 ft /lb
877.52 BTU/lb
0.016 cP

Coil Temperature (t1)

Initial Temperature of Vessel content (t2)
Final Temperature of Vessel content (t3)
Time to heat (T)

o
1 BTU/lb/ F
0.98

265.00
133.60
192.07
78000.00 (if vessel not insulated else =0)
ft3/hr
65.662 ft3/hr
4015.36 lb/hr
849230.80 BTU/Hr
165
26.80
1.55
10
26.46
77.89754247
26
2.5
11.44454361
12
81.68
967.76
398810.1055
3.33
5.890726775

BTU/hr-ft2-oF
ft2
in
in
in

Coil pipe selection

Internal diameter in inch(di)
Internal diameter in feet (Di)
External Pipe Surface Area (S)

(VT/T)
62.4*G*Sg
Q=M*CP*T + QL

Dv/30

ft
in
in

(Dc > 20di)

( Pmax=5*NPS & Pmin=2*NPS; recommended 2.5 * NPS)
46.32875
(Lselect< liquid level)
46.32875
lb/hr
ft/sec
psig

1.01567003 m/sec
g is acc due to gravity=4.17X108 ft/hr2
f= 0.025 for Re=398810

1180
1050
850

3.87
3.44
2.79
32.831

172.22
25.00
98.00

342.00
77.00
208.40
0.5

ft
ft
ft
ft3
o
F
o
F
o
F
Hr

1 NPS
0.957
in
0.07975 ft
0.344 ft2/ft

1.315 " OD
0.179" thk
Sch 80
1.98356238
[Use TABLE-6-12]

PROPERTIES OF HOT & COLD FLUID

Vessel/ Tank
Steam [Use TABLE 6-16]
Specific Volume (Vs)

Diameter (Dv)
Height
Liquid Height
Volume (VT/T)

3.71 ft /lb
877.52 BTU/lb
0.016 cP

Enthalpy/ Latent heat of evaporation (E)

Viscocity ()

1180
1050
850

1 BTU/lb/oF
0.98

Specific Heat of Vessel content (Cp)

Specific Gravity of Liquid (Sg)
Log mean Temp Difference (T)
GTD
LTD
T
Heat Loss through vessel (if vessel not insulated else =0)

265.00
133.60
192.07
78000.00

Quantity of Liquid to be heated, G

Quantity of Liquid to be heated, G (for batch Production)
Mass Flow Rate, M
Heat Required, Q

65.662 ft3/hr
4015.36 lb/hr
849230.80 BTU/Hr

Area of Coil Required (Ar)= Q / ( UT )

NPS of Pipe
Clearance from vessel wall ( C )
Centerline diameter of Coil (Dc)
Length of Pipe required (Lr)=Ar/S
Coil radius (Dc)
Pitch (p)
Selected number of turns, Nselect
Selected number of turns
Actual Length of coil, La
Rate of Flow, W=Q/E
Reynolds number, Re = (6.31*W)/ (di * )
2

ft
in
in

60.6993837
26
2.5
8.91782619
9
61.26
967.76
398810.106

ft
in
in

Final Temperature of Vessel content (t3)

Time to heat (T)

98.00

208.40 oF
0.5 Hr

Coil pipe selection

Internal diameter in inch(di)
Internal diameter in feet (Di)
External Pipe Surface Area (S)

1 NPS
in
0.957
0.07975 ft
0.344 ft2/ft
[Use TABLE-6-12]

0.179" thk
(VT/T)

Sch 80
1.983562382

62.4*G*Sg
Q=M*CP*T + QL

Dv/30

(Dc > 20di)

( Pmax=5*NPS & Pmin=2*NPS; recommended 2.5 * NPS)

46.32875
(Lselect< liquid level)

46.32875
lb/hr

1.01567 m/sec
8
2
g is acc due to gravity=4.17X10 ft/hr
f= 0.025 for Re=398810

77.00 oF

in

3.33 ft/sec
4.41804508 psig

ft

25.00

20.88
1.55
10
26.46

ft

Initial Temperature of Vessel content (t2)

211.75 BTU/hr-ft2-oF

Heat Transfer Coefficient, U

Velocity of Steam in Water, V = 0.00085WVs/ di

2
Pressure drop, P = 2fLaV / 3gDi

ft /hr

ft

342.00 oF

1.315 " OD
3

ft

172.22

Coil Temperature (t1)

Service Fluid (Water)

3.87
3.44
2.79
32.831

Dynamic Viscosity - - (centiPoise)

Temperat
ure
o

( F)
Saturate
d Water
Saturate
d Steam
1500
1450
1400
1350
1300
1250
1200
1150
1100
1050
1000
950
900
850
800
750
700
650
600
550
500
450
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
32

Absolute pressure - p - (psia)

50
100
200

10

20

0.667

0.524

0.388

0.313

0.255

0.197

0.164

0.138

0.01
0.041
0.04
0.039
0.038
0.037
0.035
0.034
0.034
0.032
0.031
0.03
0.029
0.028
0.026
0.025
0.024
0.023
0.022
0.021
0.02
0.019
0.018
0.016
0.015
0.014
0.013
0.012
0.011
0.68
1.299
1.753

0.01
0.041
0.04
0.039
0.038
0.037
0.035
0.034
0.034
0.032
0.031
0.03
0.029
0.028
0.026
0.025
0.024
0.023
0.022
0.021
0.02
0.019
0.018
0.016
0.015
0.014
0.013
0.012
0.011
0.68
1.299
1.753

0.011
0.041
0.04
0.039
0.038
0.037
0.035
0.034
0.034
0.032
0.031
0.03
0.029
0.028
0.026
0.025
0.024
0.023
0.022
0.021
0.02
0.019
0.018
0.016
0.015
0.014
0.013
0.012
0.427
0.68
1.299
1.753

0.012
0.041
0.04
0.039
0.038
0.037
0.035
0.034
0.034
0.032
0.031
0.03
0.029
0.028
0.026
0.025
0.024
0.023
0.022
0.021
0.02
0.019
0.018
0.016
0.015
0.014
0.013
0.012
0.427
0.68
1.299
1.753

0.012
0.041
0.04
0.039
0.038
0.037
0.035
0.034
0.034
0.032
0.031
0.03
0.029
0.028
0.26
0.025
0.024
0.023
0.022
0.021
0.02
0.019
0.017
0.016
0.015
0.014
0.013
0.3
0.427
0.68
1.299
1.753

0.013
0.041
0.04
0.039
0.038
0.037
0.035
0.034
0.034
0.032
0.031
0.03
0.029
0.028
0.026
0.025
0.024
0.023
0.022
0.021
0.02
0.019
0.017
0.016
0.015
0.014
0.228
0.3
0.427
0.68
1.299
1.753

0.014
0.041
0.04
0.039
0.038
0.037
0.035
0.034
0.034
0.032
0.031
0.03
0.029
0.028
0.027
0.025
0.024
0.023
0.022
0.021
0.02
0.019
0.017
0.016
0.015
0.182
0.228
0.3
0.427
0.68
1.299
1.753

0.015
0.041
0.04
0.039
0.038
0.037
0.036
0.034
0.034
0.032
0.031
0.03
0.029
0.028
0.027
0.025
0.024
0.023
0.022
0.021
0.02
0.018
0.017
0.016
0.152
0.183
0.228
0.3
0.427
0.68
1.299
1.752

The critical point for water is 705.40 o F and 3206.2 psia (374 o C - 218 atm) - For pressure beyond this
Blue - viscosity of water
1)

Supercritical fluids are phases of substances at high pressures above their critical temperatures. Supercritical water is superhe

(centiPoise)

sure - p - (psia)
500

1000

2000

5000

7500

10000

0.111

0.094

0.078

0.017
0.042
0.04
0.039
0.038
0.037
0.036
0.035
0.034
0.033
0.032
0.03
0.029
0.028
0.027
0.026
0.025
0.023
0.023
0.021
0.02
0.018
0.115
0.131
0.153
0.183
0.228
0.301
0.427
0.68
1.299
1.751

0.019
0.042
0.041
0.04
0.038
0.037
0.036
0.035
0.034
0.033
0.032
0.031
0.03
0.028
0.027
0.026
0.025
0.024
0.023
0.021
0.019
0.103
0.116
0.132
0.154
0.184
0.229
0.301
0.428
0.68
1.299
1.753

0.023
0.042
0.041
0.04
0.039
0.038
0.037
0.036
0.034
0.034
0.033
0.032
0.031
0.029
0.028
0.027
0.026
0.026
0.023
0.087
0.095
0.105
0.118
0.134
0.155
0.185
0.231
0.303
0.429
0.68
1.296
1.745

0.044
0.043
0.042
0.041
0.04
0.039
0.038
0.037
0.037
0.036
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.035
0.04
0.057
0.071
0.082
0.091
0.101
0.111
0.123
0.138
0.16
0.19
0.235
0.306
0.431
0.681
1.289
1.733

0.046
0.045
0.044
0.044
0.043
0.042
0.041
0.041
0.04
0.04
0.041
0.042
0.045
0.052
0.062
0.071
0.079
0.088
0.096
0.105
0.114
0.127
0.143
0.164
0.194
0.238
0.31
0.434
0.682
1.284
1.723

0.048
0.047
0.047
0.047
0.046
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.045
0.047
0.049
0.052
0.057
0.064
0.071
0.078
0.085
0.092
0.101
0.109
0.119
0.131
0.147
0.168
0.198
0.242
0.313
0.437
0.683
1.279
1.713

18 atm) - For pressure beyond this point the fluid is supercritical1).

ures. Supercritical water is superheated steam under high pressure of more than 3206.2 psia (200 atm) . Under these conditions supercritica

Under these conditions supercritical water decomposes to many substances.