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organized. The second problem is that there are many errors in vocabulary, grammar, and spelling. Another problem is the students have low motivation and are not interested in doing the task since the writing activities are not interesting. Usually, the students are asked to write sentences and paragraphs without being given some clue so that it is difficult for them to express their ideas on a piece of paper. Besides that, the students have difficulty at telling their experience. This is because writing is difficult for them since they have to master enough vocabulary, spelling, and grammar. In reference to the explanations above and the strong desire of finding the solution of these problems, the writer has motivation to do the research in improving the teaching of writing in real class by using picture series as the instructional media. It is hoped that the media improve the students ability in writing, especially recount text.
B. Research Problem
In this research, the writer tries to describe the students ability in writing the recount text through using picture series. So, the problem is formulated as follows: How does the teacher use picture series to improve the students ability in writing the recount text of the class XII students of SMAN 2 Raha in academic year 2011/2012?
C. Objective
Based on the problem formulation above, the objective of the research is to find the appropriate way in using picture series to improve the students ability in recount text of the class XII students of SMAN Raha in academic year 2011/2012.
D. Significances
The study is contributions. expected to have both academic and practical
1. Academically, to help teacher/researcher to find out the alternative way of teaching writing, especially recount and to produce the relevant and valid knowledge for their class to improve their teaching.
2. Practically, it can be used as a model to improve the students ability in writing recount text, and it may guide, help and encourage students to express their ideas, opinion, and thought onto paper.
E. Scope
1. This research will be conducted\in order to find a good way to improve the students writing skill. 2. This research is focused on the teaching of recount text by using picture series as the instructional media.
F. Operational Definition
1. Using picture series is one of the instructional media in the teaching and learning process to attract the students attention and deliver information. 2. Writing ability is a productive skill beside speaking, to write simple sentence, message, and announcement and to write text in the forms of narrative, recount, and descriptive, and to write simple messages and personal letters for SMP students in the first and the second years. 3. Recount text is text that tells the students own experiences. It can also be found in personal letter, biography, and history.
G. Subject
The subjects of the study are the students of class XII of SMAN 2 Raha academic year 2011/2012 which consists of 36 students.
ourselves and others. It is a tool of thinking. By writing we can tell about people, remember the facts and ideas. Based on the statement above, it can be concluded that writing is expressing ideas, facts, feeling, experience, and thought in written form. In writing, the aspects include the use of vocabulary, structure of the sentence, composition of the sentence, spelling, and punctuation. These aspects are important to master in order to be able to produce good writing. Writing, one of the productive skills, is considered difficult, especially writing in a foreign language. According to Axelord and cooper in Mamun (2004:5), writing is a complex process and such contains element of mastery and surprise. When students want to write something they should have a lot of information, ideas, and thought in their mind so that they will be able to express them into sentences, paragraphs, and an essay. The writing ability is the main activity of composition. The writing should be systematic and detail. A knowledge or study about good writing or how to write composition is much needed.
resolution step, the writer tells how the complication is solved. In the evaluation step, the writer invites the reader to think what meaning or values that are taken from the story. In the reorientation step, the writer concludes the story by giving comments. Descriptive text is a kind of text to describe something, people, or objects. Procedure text is a kind of text that tells a procedure of making something. Meanwhile, report text is a kind of text to report an event, things in the world, animals, and flora. In this study, the focus is only to recount text, since this kind of text becomes problems for the students and it needs to be solved immediately. The strategy applied to improve the students ability in writing recount text is pyramid planning strategy.
C. Pictures Series
Students can construct their knowledge during learning recount text easily by using media. One of the media is picture series which draws a story. This medium fulfills the principles of using media issued by Nyoman S.Degeng (2001). Media which can be used to make the students learn more easily and the teacher teaches easily is the main part of the learning process. The media must be used in integrated way in teaching and learning and not only as ice breaker of teaching and learning. To understand the way of the picture series, the students need to appreciate it in abstract way. In the same way, when they express their ideas to construct the story in a good coherence as well as unity, they have to think it in abstract way too. Both of them will be easier for them in learning process if the teacher can use picture series. It can not only help the students to get ideas more realistic in understanding the recount text but also in constructing ideas to create it. During the students are writing the text, they can use top-down technique in predicting the content of the text based on understanding of picture series (Brown, 2004:217). They can predict the content of the text easily based on their understanding about the picture series. The pictures give the schemata to the students to construct ideas from their background knowledge and experience.
B. Research Preparation
This research focuses on the positive effect using picture series as the media to improve the students competence to understand the generic structures of recount text as well as its language features. The writer also hopes that her students are able to design a text of recount orally after the process of teaching. The steps of research preparations are as follows: 1. Arranging a schedule classroom action research 2. Designing a lesson planning 3. Preparing some students worksheets 4. Preparing some pieces of picture series as the media 5. Preparing the jumbled stories based on the picture series 6. Preparing the students questionnaires
C. Cycles
There are two cycles in this classroom action research. Each cycle consists of planning, acting, observing, and reflecting. Both cycles focus on the oral cycle of recount learning process. Each oral cycle needs 3 meetings. One meeting is for building knowledge of the field (BKOF), and modeling of text (MOT). One more meeting is for joint construction of text (JCOT), and another one is for individual construction of text (ICOT). So, the two cycles of the action research need 5 meetings.
D. Instrument
The instrument used to collect the data is test and observation sheets. The test is used to know the students ability in writing recount text. Meanwhile, the observation sheets are used: 1. to assess the students during the learning process. 2. to check the students understanding about picture series. 3. to check the students understanding about the generic structure and the language structure and the language features of the recount text. 4. to enable the students to retell the picture series orally 5. to enable the students to design a text of recount orally 6. to check the students attitude to take part in the learning process of recount by using picture series as the media of teaching.
E. Research Plan
The research will be done in three months from October to December 2008. The plan can be seen in the following schedule.
No October 1 1. 2. 3. 2 3 4
Implementation a. cycle 1 b. Cycle 1 analysis c. cycle 2 d. cycle 2 analysis Report a. Drafting b. writing report c. submitting report
The result of the implementation of cycle 1 shows that the students writing ability is improved, but it has not achieved the criteria of success. The minimal standard criteria of the students writing ability are when the mean score of all the students is 7.00. The result reveals that the mean score of the students is only 65.55. It means that the study has not been successful yet. The students scores for the first cycle can be seen in the following table. N o 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1 1 2 1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 Names
Andi Agil Rifqi Asmawi Charles Stephan Kumesan Eddy Rosman Fantry Purnawati Indira Devi Fachrani Junialdo La Ema Ladhe Aditya Bayu A. Manggala Putra Nuzul Huda Purna R. Putry Anty Ramli Riska Anggraini Sucipta Hati Enimosa Wd. Annisa Wahid Wira Adi Putra Yuni Indah Mustika W.
Score
65 70 75 70 70 60 60 65 75 60 70 60 65 70 60 70 60
Total
1125
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Mean
66.18
only can write the text but also mention the components of recount text and explained the function of each the component. The result of the test can be seen in the following table. No 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Names Andi Agil Rigqi Asmawi Charles Stephan K Eddy Rosman Fantry Purnawati Indira Devi Fachrani Junialdo La Dhe Adtya Bayu A. La Ema Manggala Putra Nuzul Huda Purna R. Putry Anty Ramli Riska Anggraini Sucipta Hati Enimosa Wd. Annisa Wahid Wira Adi Putra Yuni Indah Mustika W. Total Mean Score 75 80 75 75 75 75 90 70 75 80 80 70 65 70 80 70 75 1280 75.29
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Based on the data on the table above, it is concluded that the students ability in writing recount text is improved. The criterion of success is if the mean score of the students is 70.00 or more. The data show that the students mean score is 75.29. In terms of the students activeness in writing, it is also improved. In other words, the teaching of recount text using picture series can improve the students ability in writing recount text for the students of SMAN 2 Raha.
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B. Suggestions
In reference to the conclusion above, it is suggested that the teacher of junior high school used picture series as an alternative media for teaching English, especially, in the teaching of writing recount text. For the future researcher, the result of the study can be used as reference to conduct further study about the effectiveness of using picture series media.
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REFERENCES
.............Braine, George and May, Claire. 1992. Writing from Sources. London: Myfield Company.
.............Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. 2002. Pembelajaran dan Evaluasi Writing. Direktorat Sekolah Lanjutan Tingkat Pertama. Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah.
.............Departemen Pendidikan Nasional. 2002. Pelajaran Bahasa Inggris. Direktorat Sekolah Lanjutan Tingkat Pertama. Direktorat Jenderal Pendidikan Dasar dan Menengah Kurikulum Tingkat Satuan Pendidikan (KTSP). 2006. Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan (BSNP).
.............Kusumaningsih. 2002. The Teaching of Writing at Secondary School. Banjarmasin: Departemen Pendidikan Nasional
.............Mamun K.N.R. 2005. A Descriptive Study of the Students Ability in Writing Narration at the First Grade of SMUN 1 Tanjung . Unpublished Thesis Universitas Lambung Mangkurat.
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