Ideal Gas Mixture

Amagats Law
The volume of an ideal gas mixture (V) is equal to the sum of the component volumes (V j s) of each individual component in the gas mixture at the same temperature (T) and total pressure (P) of the mixture. For example,

Gas A T and P VA

Gas B

Gas Mixture

T and P VB

T and P VA + VB = V

P VA = n A R T VA = nA VB = nB V n thus

P VB = nB R T nA = n VA = V yA and

PV = n RT nB = n VB = V yB

Daltons Law
The total pressure (P) of an ideal gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures (p j s) of each individual component in the gas mixture at the same temperature (T) and total volume (V) of the mixture. For example,

Gas A T and V pA

Gas B

Gas Mixture

T and V pB

T and V pA + pB = P

p A V = nA R T pA = nA pB = nB P n thus

pB V = nB R T nA = n pA = P yA

PV = n RT nB and = n pB = P yB

Ideal Gas Mixture

= xj nj = n Vj = V pj = P yj for each component j

Thus, mole fraction (x j ) and volume fraction (y j ) for an ideal gas mixture are equivalent. To illustrate the above concepts, the next page presents the E-Z Solve model for an ideal gas mixture of 21 mol% O 2 and 79 mol% N 2 at 25C and 1 atm. Note that a gas mixture will behave like an ideal gas when P about 3 atm.
v11.01.20 2011, Michael E. Hanyak, Jr., All Rights Reserved Page 1 of 1

Ideal Gas Mixture

click here , save the file to your desktop, and then open it from within the E-Z Solve program.

E-Z Solve Mathematical Model

// // //

Amagat's Law and Dalton's Law for Ideal Gas Mixture

21 mol% O2 and 79 mol% N2 at 25C and 1 atm

Given Information:
R = 0.08205746 T = 25 + 273.15 P = 1 n = 1 n_O2 = 0.21 * n n_N2 = 0.79 * n // L atm / mol K // K // atm // moles of mixture // moles of oxygen // moles of nitrogen

//

Amagat's Law:
/* mixture */ /* oxygen */ /* nitrogen */ /* total volume */ /* volume fraction O2 */ /* volume fraction N2 */ P*V = n*R*T P * V_O2 = n_O2 * R * T P * V_N2 = n_N2 * R * T V_total = V_O2 + V_N2 y_O2 = V_O2 / V_total y_N2 = V_N2 / V_total

//

Dalton's Law:
/* partial pressure O2 */ /* partial pressure N2 */ /* total pressure */ /* mole fraction O2 */ /* mole fraction N2 */ p_O2 * V = n_O2 * R * T p_N2 * V = n_N2 * R * T P_total = p_O2 + p_N2 x_O2 = p_O2 / P_total x_N2 = p_N2 / P_total

Calculated Results
V V_N2 V_O2 V_total y_N2 y_O2
v11.01.20

= = = = = =

24.4654 19.3277 5.13774 24.4654 0.79 0.21

liters liters liters liters vol frac vol frac

p_N2 p_O2 P_total x_N2 x_O2

= = = = =

0.79 0.21 1 0.79 0.21

atm atm atm mol frac mol frac

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2011, Michael E. Hanyak, Jr., All Rights Reserved