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b 2 xy 6
Treat the concentrated load as a shear stress suitably distributed to suit this function, and so
a
that
a
dy
W 2
3W xy 4 a3
1
Applied Elasticity for Engineers T.G.Sitharam & L.GovindaRaju
Module5/Lesson3
y
0
3W y2 1 8a a2
xy
Solution: The stress components obtained from the stress function are
2 x
y2
2
bxy
0
2
x2
xy
x y
by 2 2
0 for y 0 for y
a xy
a a
dy
W for x 2 0 for x L
(iv)
a a
dy
(v)
a
ydy
0 for x
0
c
Condition (iii)
ba 2 2
ba 2 2
2
Applied Elasticity for Engineers T.G.Sitharam & L.GovindaRaju
Module5/Lesson3
W 2
b 2 a 2 a
y 2 dy
b 2a 3 2
W 2
or b and c Condition (iv)
a
2a 3 3
2a 3b 3
3W 4a 3 3W 8a
3W xydy 4a 3
a
Condition (v)
M
a a
ydy
3W xy 2 dy 4a 3
Wx 2
3W xy 4a 3
0
xy
3W y 2 4a 3 2
xy
3W 8 a
3W y2 1 8a a2
Example 5.2
3
Applied Elasticity for Engineers T.G.Sitharam & L.GovindaRaju
Module5/Lesson3
z tan
is
admissible. If so determine the stresses. Solution: For the stress function Bihormonic equation is given by
4 4 4
x4
Now,
x2 z2
z4
(i)
1
H z
2
xz x
H
2
z
1 z
tan
2 xz 2
x z
xz 2 x3 xz 2 x3
x
2
2 2
2H x2 H 8x 3 z x2 x2 2H z2
3
x3 z2
2
z2
3
Also,
z3
4
H 8 x 5 40 x 3 z 2 z2 x2 x2
z2 x2 z2
4 3
z4 z2 x
4
3x 3 z 2 z2
x4
3
H 64 x 3 z 2 24 xz 4 8 x 5 z2
4
z 2 x2
Similarly,
H x
2
2H x2 2H z
2
xz 2 z2 z2 z2 z2
4 3 2
x2
3
3x 2 x2 x2
x3
4
H 24 xz 4 24 x 3 z 2
x4
4
Applied Elasticity for Engineers T.G.Sitharam & L.GovindaRaju
Module5/Lesson3
4 x
2
1 z
2 4
24 xz 4
24 x 3 z 2
64 x 3 z 2
24 xz 4 8 x 5
8x5
40 x 3 z 2
Hence, the given stress function is admissible. Therefore, the stresses are
2 x
24 x2 24 x2 24
x3 z2 x2 z2 x2 z x2 z2
2 2 2
z2
2
x2
2
and
xy
x z
F xz 2 3d 3 d
2z .
Determine the stress components and sketch their variations in a region included in z = 0, z = d, x = 0, on the side x positive. Solution: The given stress function may be written as
3F xz 2 2 d 2 6Fx 2 z d2
2
2F xz 3 3 d 12 F xz d3
and also
x2
2
x z
x
Hence
6Fz d2 6 Fx d2
0
2
6F 2 z d3 12 F xz d3 6 Fz d2 6F 2 z d3
(i) (ii)
xz
x z
(iii)
5
Applied Elasticity for Engineers T.G.Sitharam & L.GovindaRaju
Module5/Lesson3
From (i), it is clear that with z. At x = 0 and z = d, At x = L and z = 0, At x = L and z = +d, At x = L and z = -d, The variation of
x
x x
6 FL d2 6 FL d2 6 FL d2
12 F Ld d3 12 F Ld d3
6 FL d2 18 FL d2
(b)
z
6 Fz d2
6F 2 .z d3
xz
xz is independent of x and is thus constant along the length, corresponding to a given value of z. At z = 0, xz = 0
6
Applied Elasticity for Engineers T.G.Sitharam & L.GovindaRaju
Module5/Lesson3
At z = +d, At z = -d,
xz
xz
6 Fd d2 6F d d2
xz
6F 2 d 0 d3 6F ( d2) d3
12 F d
The variation of
xz
Example 5.4 Investigate what problem of plane stress is satisfied by the stress function
3F xy 3 xy 4d 3d 2
p 2 y 2
applied to the region included in y = 0, y = d, x = 0 on the side x positive. Solution: The given stress function may be written as
3F xy 4d
2
1 Fxy 3 4 d3
p 2 y 2
x2
7
Applied Elasticity for Engineers T.G.Sitharam & L.GovindaRaju
Module5/Lesson3
2
3 2 Fxy . 4 d3
2
2p 2
1.5
F xy d3
and
x y
2
3F 4d
3 Fy 2 4 d3
y
2
p 1.5
0
2
F xy d3
x2
xy
x y
3 Fy 2 4 d3
F xy d3
3F 4d
(a) Variation of x
x
1.5
When x = 0 and y = 0 or When x = L and y = 0, When x = L and y = +d, When x = L and y = -d,
x
d,
p
x
FL d2 FL P 1. 5 2 d p
x
is linear with y.
8
Applied Elasticity for Engineers T.G.Sitharam & L.GovindaRaju
Module5/Lesson3
(b) Variation of z
2 y
x2
(c) Variation of xy
xy
3 Fy 2 4 d3
xy
3F 4d
Thus,
0,
d,
xy
xy
3F 4d 3 F (d ) 2 3 4d
3F 4d
9
Applied Elasticity for Engineers T.G.Sitharam & L.GovindaRaju
Module5/Lesson3
3F 4d o X
d d L
Y
Figure 5.15 Variation of shear stress xy
3F 4d
xy
The stress function therefore solves the problem of a cantilever beam subjected to point load F at its free end along with an axial stress of p. Example 5.5 Show that the following stress function satisfies the boundary condition in a beam of rectangular cross-section of width 2h and depth d under a total shear force W.
W xy 2 (3d 3 2hd
2
2 y)
Solution: Now,
2
y2 W 6 xyd 2hd 3
6 xy 2
W 6 xd 12 xy 2hd 3 W 3xd 6 xy hd 3
2
x2
2 xy
and
x y
10
Applied Elasticity for Engineers T.G.Sitharam & L.GovindaRaju
Module5/Lesson3
W 6 yd 6 y 2 3 2hd W 3 yd 3 y 2 = hd 3
= Also,
4 4 4
x4
y4
2 4 x2 y2
0 for y 0 for y
xy
0 and d 0 and d
(c)
0
.2h.dy W for x
d
0 and L 0 and x L L, M WL
(d) M
0 d
.2h.dy
0 for x
(e)
0
.2h. y.dy
0 for x
0 and x
W 3d 2 3 hd
3d 2
W 3 yd hd 3
d
3 y 2 2hdy
2W 3 yd d3
3 y 2 dy
d
2W 3 y 2 d 2 d3
3 0
11
Applied Elasticity for Engineers T.G.Sitharam & L.GovindaRaju
Module5/Lesson3
2W 3d 3 2 d3
2W d 3 . d3 2 =W
d3
W 3xd hd 3
6 xy 2hdy
d 0
2W 3xyd 3xy 2 3 d
=0
Hence satisfied. Condition (e)
d 0
W 3xd hd 3
2W 3 xdy 2 2 d3
6 xy 2h. ydy
d
2 xy
3 0
2W 3xd 3 2 d3
2 xd 3
2W d3
Wx
1 3 xd 2
Hence satisfied
12
Applied Elasticity for Engineers T.G.Sitharam & L.GovindaRaju