REGISTER Premises. . Retell era The Subject and the Attitude eee e eee! WW, The Local Map ws sees ee penny MM, The Boat ..ssseeeeee cert 90 IV. The Greater Map Pee Ee eeEEy : 180 VY. Destination... see eee Peet 287 Reckoning. , ap 22278 Appendices eee EE Ce Cee eed Peet Index eee seen eeeree cer aren encsTAcknowledgment is gratefully made to Mildred S. King Ise Manchester Sherman Manchester for assistance in the preparation of this book: Premises , This treatise te not wrllten for publlestion, which I forbld. The reniona upon which I base my decision in this respect will appear tn fuller detall later. My reasons for wel{ing down what follows, however, are clear and simples It constitutes @ne version of the approach to the Hidde Learning) an approach which I now know (ull well will surely be lost ness (els carefully set down at the present time. ‘Rod inniged the season ls late for this tazk already: many of those who were once acquainted unambignousty with tts principles, and even With it detiils, have wandered during the past [ifteen years into other paths, perhaps os legitimate but assuredly very different. For them ints version has become subtly distorted, overtaid with other attitudes ss the colors of an original painting alter nat only with the passage of fading tine but, as {might be, are also changed by well-intentioned efforts. to Improve upan the original through the {urther application of a supposedly better technique. It is nol my purpose here to reader Any judgment regarding the wisdom of such efforts; what remains ts Simply that they inevitaLiy sbseure and eventually destray the integrt= {y ofthe yersion us affected, and with ts integrity its validity also. Tome it appears of importance that the version be preserved. ‘The Hilden Learning has evinted (25 it exists today) at all times of which we know, although only seldom appearing upon the surface of what the late M. Ouspensty called Public History of the History of Crime, viz. the history of the school books, which deal withwars, conspiracies, violence and tyranniés. As now and then we catch vague glimpses of the Hidden Learning, it appears in many different guises of versione -+ the East Indian version of the Dachavad Ghiita, the medieval rendition of the Orders of Chivalry snd of the original Rosy Cross, perhaps In the very earliest of the Christian and Mobummedsn accounts, perhaps also in the initial Interpretation of the Lamalsts whose devcendants still inhabit Thibet, and a0 on, And once it even appeared with unaccustomed clarity tn Public History tlself, in the official religion of Ancient Egypt whose compleaities are rendered only the more dublous by the anthropotogical nalvetd of professional Egyptology but which shine ith nn nlenost unbelievable om whon a few key prin elples of the Hidden Learning have een achieved. ‘The exegesis dealt with In this treatise may be called « satralght™ version, formulated rigorously but without the slightest decile entendre; no artificial impediments are involved andaGlatt Underetanding of the formutations (e Umited solely by the degree of individual development already gained by the Inquirers In other expositions (In fact In all of them with which I have any sequaintance) many safeguards of an artilicial and deliberate kind are thrown about the student or postulant; in thls there are none Thua the reason for non-publication (s not merely of a pearls before-swine character. For perhaps this (s the most dangerous veralon whose formutations are In any way available, The field of these formulations is that of objective truth, both Personal and non-personal, And in auch a {leld common sense will warn us that we must take into account not only what ie written, tn 4 treatise like the present one, but tkewise who it Is that writes, And although, generally, the authority for any serious statement Hes tn Us truth and not in its enunclator === when the case te that of factual report of what precisely a given series of formulations haa been, Il is advisable to have some assurance that the Teporier himself really knows what those formulations were, For that reac son I conceive It necessary to declare merely the relevant detets of my own relation to the version which U have underteken to set down, tn the year, 1924, M, Georges Gurdjteff came to New York Gity. He was then the founder and head of The institute for the Harmonious Development of Man, at Fontainebleau, France; and he brought with him a considerable number of his instructors ond Pupils, with whose assistance he produced a succession of eshitl- tons, first at the Neighborhood Playhouse in downtown New York, Tater at Carnegie Mall, and still Inter in Chicago. The performances consisted of “tricks, half-tricks and real phenomena, and incleded nuinber of dance-ceremonies, some original and some, replicas Hons of ancient dervish and sacred dances... These exhibitions were totally unusual and impressive toa degree. My wile and t (1 had then been married somewhat more than a year) attended one at the Neighborhood Playhouse and another. at Catnegle Hall, have forgotten who informed ine of them; it may have been Miss Teasie Dwight, then» mere acquaintance of mine, who war paete owner and operator of the Sunwise Turn Bookshop on 44th Streets +. Gurdjieff returned to France and for a time { heard no more of aim. Twas the following autumn, of 1924, when Miss Dwight (at whose shop I purckased all my books) Informed me that Mar A. R. Orage had remained In New York City as the representative of M, Gurdjieff and that he was proposing to hold a series of informal groups for those Interested, in order to explain the nature of the Institute and of tts work. She urged me to attend, twas then twenty-nine years of age. Eight years earlier, in 1916, Thad graduated from Yale College with the degree of DA. where my courses had been generally in what are called the liberal major subject had been Latin; t had also studied Greek, French, Germans good deal of professions! phitosephy, constitas fiona inns American sn ancient hatorys tome mathematics and of physics, ‘That was my educational background then ims fneaiately following graduatign [had served with the American fleld artillery in World Ward, a year of itin France; shortly sfler my Feturn my father had died and { had found myself the juntor general pariner in the factoring business which he tnd founded tnd buildup in Now York City. It was an honorable, successful thd lucrative enterprise bul, strive as t would, { could not succeed in becoming seriously interested In excrying (on 0 my father had hoped that t would. My widowed mother had been left very coinfort= ably off and | myself hud a small but adequate income even after f Presently married, s0 that necessity did not come to my ald, 1 Tad, however, become interested in'a new technique called paychos snaiysis and at ths pertod { had undecgons am analysts of such a Kind tinder Dr. Edward J. Kermpt, who was somewhat of an eclectic in the field and based his theories more upon the funclions vf the autonomic nervous system (han upon the enlirely subjective foumda~ tions of anslogienl speculation, My chiel, and perhaps unusual, motive bad been to discover what & wns all about through peesonal ence but {had been fatrly thoroughly taken apart in the fo5he experi ion of this technique and it had effected lwo cesulls in my case, although Uhelieved then ~~ and it is still my conviction =~ that the disadvantages of the psychoanalytic technique far outweigh its n= scientific advantages, The first of these results was the initiation of my interest in psychology proper: the second was my first reali~ zation that it was possible for me to view the man, C, Daly King, from the outside as well as from the inside, i.e., a5 some purely external observer might view him and especially without the neces sity of being identified with his wishes, his hopes or his fears. This, then, was my situation when Miss Jessie Dwight urged me to attend one of the groups conducted by Alfred Richard Orage. Certainly Lwas far from unhappy hut Iwan definitely diasatistied with my business life and | was vaguely seeking another activity which would occupy ine more seriously and to which my growing interest in the so-culled science of psychology would possibly fur~ nish the answer, The fundamental questions af philosophy aroused my curlosity, but nat the philosophical verhalisms by means of which they were dealt with by philosophers, And there was more than this, too. [had by now encountered the Gnostic literature, the Hernies Trisimegistos of G.R.S. Mead, and other fragments. Also Iwas interested in Egyptology and, as { considered that long ps cade Of strange gods und goddesses, [ could not believe that anyone of a Uvely oF inquiring intellect could possibly view them seriously for more than a few moinents without receiving the conviction that there was some real significance there, something quite other than the childish totemism attributed to them by those who falrly obviously 3. THE ORAGEAN VERSION werd totemlata themselves. These were riddles [ could not reads and yet [became more and more convinced that they were readable, (Cone only could discaver the key, Twas looking for that key, and not by any means unconsciously, either. The previous exhibitions by M, Gurdjic(f had certainly stimu- lated some kind of response in me; but my own picture of Informal Rroups of fanatics meeting privately to discuss strange notions, did not attract me, I had already superficially investigated fortune tellers, numerologists and astrologers, and my conclusion was that all of them were either quacks-on-the-make or else were their own Sincere dupes. Very nearly I did not attend any of Mr. Orage's groups. Think it fully Just to say that Miss Dwight's accounts and re~ peated invitations were solely responsible for my Initial attendance. She did not seem tome ta be # fanatic, In any case, eventually 1 selected an afternoon and presented myself among strangers. I went alone. The afternoon was dark; U have forgotten the address but I sup~ pose the meeting place must have been some sort of private school, for the room was equipped with rows of small desks, as if for young pupils. [had arrived reasonably early and had some time to wait while athers gradually congregated. 1 knew none of them and present ly wandered out ino a small, dim, udjoining hallway. There I encountered an entering gentleman of whom 1 made out only that he was tall and slender, and dressed inconspicuously in a dark bust= ness suit; actually I could see only his eyes with any distinctness, ino doubt because of some shalt of Ilght from the illuminated room within, In the gloom he extended his hand, shook mine and said that he was very happy to ace me agaln. Peering more closely, for the first time I saw Alfred Richard Orage and felt well as~ sured that [had never acen him before, Possibly he mistook me for someone else in the darkness or perhaps he actually had seen me at one of the eshibitions, without my having seen him in'turn, We entered the room tngether and he at once procecded to conduct the group by a modified Socratic method. L think what impressed me most at this fIrst meeting was the complete and ulter retienelity of what I heard, Perhaps t had gone In the expectation of a proselyting harangue: and certainly I had taken with me an incredulous attitude, prone to ralse objection to everything put forward. My incredulity was not admitted; instead, it was demanded that I adopt eeepticism toward what { heard, Le that I should neither Believe nor disbelieve, that for the moment L should not even judge, and certainly that I should be neither credu~ lous nor incredulous, This Is not the place in which to reproduce the discussion that then occurred but I may say that my reaction was without delay, Immediate and vivid. Even now, my recollection of this first meet= Ing Lattended, (2 more clearly detailed than that of the many later 4 | " THE ORAGEAN VERSION. ones In which I took part. The toplcs went to the real heart of what had always Intrigued me, those questions which I had always hitherto found hedged about hy qualifications, halfactatements sometimes even a shame-faced avoidance, always » lack of spect~ ficity which had convinced me that the speaker didn't actually know the truth about such subjects. Iwas not merely fascinated; I re celved such an interlor lift of pure exultation at the discovery that these questions could be considered seriously, fully and without equivocation, as had never occurred to me Uefore and his never been as lully repeated since. To cap it all was the assurance of scepticism, the rational demand that I must net believe until 1 myself had obtained the proof, That reassurance was very neces~ sary to me and il set the seal upon my determinatign to investigate this extraordinary doctrine, or whatever itwas, further, Iwenthome exuberantly and made a most unusually excited report to my wife. Thereafter she accompanied me to all of these groups. They continued through the winter and well into the next year, 1925. There had then taken place abroad the serions auiuinubile accident suffered by M, Gurdjieff (Inte 1924), which closed down the Institute, inca pucitated the man himself for a long period, transformed his whole program out of recognition to me (as | now realize) and left Mr. Orage holding the bag, as it were, in New Yorks The next summer (1926) { was in Europe with my family and es~ sayed a visit to Fontainebleau; however, I found nobody of much authority about when { sought entrance and, not insisting, was turned away. The following fall, back in New York, Mr. Orage's groups were resumed und he also consented to come out te Orange, NiJ., where Iwas then living, to conduct a weekly group there. Al tat time L was studying technical psychology at Columbia University where Uwas accorded the degree of M.A. the next year, having finally restgaed from my father's firm and retired (rot the business. At this lime, too, Thad written out a careful formulation of so nweh of the Oragean system as I had yet been acquainted with, subniitted it to Mr. Orage himself for corrections and had Wad it acknowledged as accurate. [also wrote a small book, Neyond Behaviorism, (1927) in which 1 sought to show the relation between scientific psychology and the ideas with which I was now becoming more miliar. This took me into the late spring of 1928. That sunmer went to California where I collaborated with Dr, William M. Marston upon Lateyrative Psycholugy; he had been the professor under whom I took my Columbia degree and I left there with him in order to help formulate his own approach to Psychological problems, an approach which I continue to think of the highest importance for the science. In the fall my wife and I were back in New Jersey and resumed our work with the Orage groups. Iwas now conducting two groups of my own, one in New York City and one in Orange, NJ. ‘TheseTHE ORAGEAN VERSION Uta’ undertaken with the encouragement of Mr. Orage but perhaps Mh» Bit of apprehension upon his part, toot however, st fect ee write ized some of the meetings and later dropped tn'once tne sameaPecledly to look them over, at length professing hia une Qualifled approval and withdrawing fram any further supervision there Sourse he was always in the background, he was lways srerinte mdced without the possibility of hls aid in» perpiexlty cron tls Ushould not have consented to lake these respons bititicn They continued into the year, 1930, while we were also con= qyuin '9 attend the groups conducted by Mr. Orage ta Nex Gon City, Mt should be suid here, also, that during the Preceding years dang formed a close personal friendship with Mr, Orage: very fre- AATEY Ltumched or dined with him, sometimes in the eampary of Qthers and often alone. Thus 1 obtained an exceptional opportunity ko discuss with him all sorts of details of the formulations he wae Fay on nag the werk of his groups, to consult with him concersing een work with the groups which {was conducting, and to maine {ip with him the closest liaison in regard to the accurate cna fatorous statment of the propositions, doctrines and ides shat formed both the core and the superstructure of this version af the peegen Learning. It had been in the summer of 1927, three years previously, that Miss Dwight, my wife and 1, and Orage had token peckcation trlp together in Canada Lut even before that he had often been our house guest and our friendship was now of « number of years" standing, This summer, 1930, Mr. Orage left for England with his wife (Miss Jessie Duvight and he had been married some two years before) LEU mY own wile accompanied them for an extended visit T remained Uelind and later made only a brief trip, to rejoin my wits andere sa aRY Guer upon the return Journey, spending only one or two days with the Orages at their English home. Before this vacation trip Mr. Orage had been applying the prin Gizles of hls version of the Hidden Learning to the Interpretation of the carly copy of M. Gurdjieff's serles of books, the first of which I was not to be published until 1950 but which already existed in mr, form. When he left for England, it was decided to continue hie : Groups straight through the year (it had been the custom to close them in the lute spring and to re-open them in the early fail) and Ut yas in this year, I believe, that In Mr, Orage's absence | conducted ‘is own groups for some two or three monthe, acting ax hiv deputy, The winter and spring of 1930-1931 brought the final erisie {In all of this acttvity, Mr. Orage, returning to New York, had rex sumed his groups for the reading of M. Gurdjlef{'s books and had also expanded the program to include scparate groups wrrking upon psychological exercises and upon the principles of Hicrature os seen from this special perspective. All this presented me with a ther full calendar and, since the pupils {rom my own groups had THE QRAGEAN VERSION gradually been fed into the Orage groups, I now discontinued my ° “tt was at this point that M, Gurdjieff once more came to New York. During the preceding years he had visited America see number of occasions, spending by far the greater pret of hi tine tm New York City. During such periods Ue ether groupe had hove discontinued temporarily and their members hind inet with bt Gurdjieff on a similar schedule for private readings (rom his mane uscripts; there had also been opportunities for personel consuline tions with M, Gurdjieft. Upon his departures the activities of the Orage groups had been resumed in the some manner as belore thetr Interruptions, Now, however, suddenly and without warning (ot least this was true in my own case), M. Gurdjiel! repudiated Ate, Orage, the totter's previous activities, and in especial the Oregean version of the Hidden Learning: and slernunded that the former pue Pils and associates of Mr. Orage should have nothing further to de with Bim, upon pain of exclusion from the meetings cunductoal by + pen pi M. Gurdjieff, Many of the former members of the Orage groups actually signed pledges to such an effect; naturally | vi net, ond T remember that there were one or two ollers who, acting for them= selves, juined me in this refuzal. Apparently the whole thing wae 4 bluff, for all of us continued to attend the meetings held lyr ht Gurdjiett, as did Mr. Orage himself, also, Such an outcome, otter all the fuss that nd b ttn time that the repudiation of Mr, Orage's formulations was ho mare serious than that of himself personally, But I have come to the Later conclusion that in this 1 was tnistaxen, M. Gurdjie(t now departed from his former custom and, in acdition to occasional readings, constituted seprrate grenpe te which he gave the titles of “esoteric,” "mesoteric,” and “eaoteric™ Dut a between which Iwas never able to distinguish any difference ata, Juvenile, exercises whose significance (if they had any) | was never able to grasp. At one point I conjectured that their real purpose Nas to re-establish a sort of faith or eredulity, which all of Me, Grage's work hed done much to undermine, of Course. “Mut, if to, they Produced no such effect upon me, who sm natursily nol a very Eigdulous person. And, after all, my notion about them was no more {lana rather wild surmise. These episodes marked, however, the [mal break between M. Gurdjieff and Mr. Orage: in the summer at A221 the later left for England permanently with his family, He Dever returned again to America, nor do I think that he ever again Saw M. Gurdjie(t, And of course his New York groups were stam. doned, eet York, with M, Gurdjtett's departire, matters naturally TEE left by some contusion, Gertain of the (ormer group membere ULEBeBed to meet for further readings from the Gurdjielf manos Scripts and I myself organized a small group, not conducted es n raised, went fa lo persunde me They were concerned with a series of peculiar, sometimeTHE ORAGEAN VERSION Previously, but concerned solely with a particular experimental Tork In connection with that Method which will be formulated tn the body of this treatise. The next year, 1932, I published the Peychology of Consciousness, a much more detailed, technical and sapanded version of the earlier Beyond Behaviorism, tn 1933 this experimental group of mine was continued, resulte {ne In the accumulation of much dats which even yet I have been phadle adequately to analyze und publish. In October of that year j made & tclp to England in conneetion with my writing but prise r= ly te see the Orages and to renew my friendship with theme hie, Ointe was now the editor of the New English Weekly and hed severed all connections with M. Gurdjieff, I shall always remember the pleasure I then had in his company and the profit from hie advice; Be ppreared at the time to be in the best of health but almost exactly ptenr aller my departure from England he died suddenly and une expectedly, toward the end of 1934. With his death and the absence of M. Gurdjieff (rom New York, petivity of the kind relevant to the present treatise ceased forme. The five years, 1935-1940, I spent with my family in Bermuda, Greased upon the writing that had now become my profession, With World War I I returned to the United States and spent the nest floc years: 1940-1945, at Yale University in New Iliven, prosecuting [xsEaFEH in physiological psychology and ns a resull being accorded Di dcarces of M.A. and Ph.D. in Psychology from that university. Daring thls time M, Ouspensky, a former colleague of M. Gurdjictt, {Eine to New York and a number of the former Orage group mem= pers Jolned themselves with the groups he praceeded te conduct. feame down froin New Itsven to attend two such meetings and had due Private interview with M. Ouspersky; but I found nothing of terlous Interest tome in his formulations and had no further cont= act with these groups, During the winter of 1948-1949 M, Gurdjieff paid a short visit o New York Gity for the first time in many years and, although 1 125 now living far out in the country, I suceceded twice in attending is meetings, One was for a reading from the final version of the iret of his series of books, soon to be published, the other was a lass in the extraordinary and interesting type of dancing in which © still continued to instruct, Ass result of my experiences at these mectings and of conver# ations with former members of the Orage groups whom {had nown well for many years, I came to the final conclusion that the bragean version of the Hidden Learning no longer reraaincd extant nd that It was in {set upon the verge of being irrecoverably lost, ‘or that reason I propose now to set it down In accurate detail, his ts a difficult and exacting task, which { should be well content vavold IT knew of anyone else competent and willing to undertake + Skee T cannot find any such person, I must do It myself, THE ORAGEAN VERSION These Premlees would be {ar from complete, were 1 not to remark further upon the break which took place In 1931 between Mr. Orage and M. Gurdjieff, I shall deal will! thie matter with all the fairness of which I am capable and certainly without any misplaceinent of emphasis upon those details with which personals ly Twas acquainted, The charge against Mr. Orage's activities upon Lchalf of the Gurdjieff Institute and specifically against that version of the Hid= den Learning which Mr. Orage had been expounding to his groups in New York Cily for some seven years, was that this version tas Intellectwally lop-sided, that it placed an undue stress upan ments! activities at the expense of emotional and practical activitiers and that thus, tar (rom being of objective benefit 10 the pupits ani stee dents who sat under Mr. Orage, it could be guaranteed to render them even more abnormal, objectively, than they had been iw the first instance, Frankly, [never heard M. Gurdjieff put the matter in terms so specific as these but, then, | have never heard hens put any matter in clear and specific terms at any time: his purci- lion in this ease seemed to me to be as I have formulated it above, and I find that other members have recived the sume impression, T have no liesitation in presenting the above charge as thet whic was in fact made. Wis difficult to speak of this charge in moderate and serious ferins, lor to me personally it appears to be brash and llutant nan Sense, quite on a par with those “esoteric exercises with which We were being entertained at the same lime when this churge was being brought. Nevertheless, it is necessary to say that not a few former members of the Orage groups =~ including some whom f myself believe to be perfectly coimpetent to hold 4 respectable Judgment ~~ still feel the charge to have been, and to he, # proper one. Upon such » point, therefore, 1 have no wish to be dogmatee and I prefer to leave the correct answer to this question to any reader who has seen, and even partially understood, the mentioned version, which it is the purpose of this treatige to formulate Perhaps a more important question is this: whose is the ver= tion here considered, Gurdjieff's or Orage’s? As to this, | can only state the persons! opinion which Ihave had seine unvsval ad= Yentages to form, which I huve pondered long and seriously; and after, of course, mentioning certain {acts which are incontestable, The first fact is that Alfred Richard Orage always stated withe Sit gauivocation or qualification that what he was formulating, de~ rived directly from the teachings and ideas of M. Gurdjieff, “To me Personally he made those statements many times over and for 2 [ORE Period I had no reason whatsoever to doubt them. Nonetheless, 1.89 now seriously doubt them. Yet the question is one which te insusceptible of « positive yes-or-no answer. recall that I myself once composed several short, poetic “translations” from the ancient Egyptian hieroglyphic and, whenTHE ORAGEAN VERSION asked whether or not they were mine, I replied: Indeed no, that they were properly to be attributed to certain unknown Egyptians sung had lived thousands of years ago, Now this (n a sense was Qruc, and in another sense (t was not true at all, Iwas true that the sentiments expressed and a number of the terms used in trans ation, were genuinely those of a certain period of anctent Egyptian History. Bul it-was not true that the poems themselves had ever aaa eeritten in ancient Egypt or, for that matter, by any Egyptian ttany time =- at least, | should be more surprised than anyone else Io hese of tt if they had, Now, although this instance is se minor soa triviat, I personally suspect that the case of Orage and Gurdjieff Iz very sitnilar apon another level. Tuatertatn no doubt at all that Mr. Orage became acquainted with the general, and even with some of the specific, Ideas and Principles which he later formulated tn his New York groups, during Pre time of his attendance at the Institute for the Harmonious De- velopment of Man, in the years before the occurrence of M Gurdjiett's automobile accident, And undoubtedly it was to tis Grigis of his formulations that he referred when stating that they Gerived directly from M, Gurdjleff, But the formulations were those of Me, Orage; ns formulations, they derived directly from the Intter's individual understanding and realizations concerning those principtes with which he had become acquainted through his connec Tom with M, Gurdjieff, And what they expressed was certainly 9s pearly, and prabatily more directly, related to the Individual senli- se rond of Orage as to the original hints or statements which he had received from Gurdjieff. In this connection two further {acts snust be token Into consider ations during the years when he was innugurating and conducting Ms Groups In New York City Mr. Orage had filtle er no direct conine’ Brent. Gurdjie(?, who sustained his injuries shortly after the group een ain New York began; and although {myself never met or spoke wei, Gurdjieff before hix accident and to the best of my knowledge Shly saw hien once to the distance in those times, 1 ennnot fol) te euPe Gace that the serious head injuries the latter then sustained, very Preatly altered his later activities ond his whole anpronch ie the Tet a hich he devotes his energies. Indeed, M. Gurdjiefl himself Hee Mica this to be the case and has gone so far as to sien of Ue period following his recovery as constituting “another Me inwhich petaes first Liquidated all the undertakings of his forrner existence pe then adopted another and a new occupation, One difference toe aiviuus for anyone to mits is that previously he conducted an insti- carrey that later he has altered his chlef occupation to one of writing books. Tes ctrcumstance makes It impossible to say just how close the connection may be between the version taught by Orage and the srhual pronouncements of the earlier Gurdjieff Institute, Ht may: Te eee ene whale aystem expounded by Mr, Orage, including THE ORAGEAN VERSION the detalls themselves, Is a mere replication of what was taught at the Institute in earlicr days and that M. Gurdjief{"s later repui ation of {t is of a piece with his “lotal liquidation” of all his previous undertakings. Since I myself never attended the Institute, T cannot answer this question of my own personal knowledge; and having become only too well aware of how unreliable are the memories of my former colleagues in the Orage group work, I fear that | would not place too much reliance upon the assertions even of those among them who in fact did attend the Institute in those times. Tean only say that personally I do not think that the Oragean version was ever a word-for-word repet tion of the tnatitute lee tures or of what was taught there. [feel certain that it was based ton shat was taught there, for I do not think that Mr, Orage could seen ethane acqusinted with these particular Adewa wnyuhere elie there he Ind been; as to how closely his formulations and these of Gurdjiett resembled each other or a4 to how widely they diverged ofcourse Leannot any. But for one thing Ido not suppose M. Gurdjiet? (o be capable of the type of fortutation employed by Mr. Orage. M. Curthiett made statements very difficult lo understand Correctly, i indeed al ally Me. Orage analyzed and fathorned such Indications of M. Gurdjieff and then reformulated them wilh great care and shills that {s precisely what Mr. Orage did in the ease of the farnows Mcthel tater repudiated by M. Gurajteff on the grounds that he, that ts M-Gurdjlell, had noticed during his visils to New é Certnin signs of aberration in the tices of Mr. Orage’s pupils What M. Gurdjieff claimed to have noticed, may prrhinps have been The ease but, if so, it resulted not from his pupils? having followed Me. Orage's instructions but precisely fro their net having followed theng) In euch an instance it would seem miore reasonable to yw for M. Gurdjiefl to have placed the Mame where it belonged a instituted more apposite remedies. There is likewise the matter of the entirely different persons sien of theae two men fo be taken info nceount, a2 concerns the auction nw before we, No dou for many years te come there Will be discussion regarding the character and personality of M. Gurdiiefl, ‘Unquestionably they are complex and devious bal 1 ean see no reason to make a mystery of then, As in other cases, dis ferent persons have received differeit impressions of M. Gurdjietty a5 for my own, Ido not hesitate to say that in my epinion he Is not a teacher, and I have seen hlin both privately and at the mectings conducted by hirn many times. Ie is evasive, and [have never yet beard hiin give a direct answer to any inquiry, however sincere and straightforward the question may have been. When not evasive, he blasters; in these bullying moods there is more af contempt for Ils followers than of animosity, but in any case It is scarcely an attitude conducive either to loyalty or to successful instruction, Temay well be that he does nol wish to instruct ~-- others besides myself have received the idea that he knows much but [sn't telling ato have‘THE ORAGEAN VERSION -+ and my own view ls that, Insofar as he desires to assist anyone, hs principle Ls that tha cannot be done through intellectual {nfor~ mation, . Of similar nature ts M. Gurdjle(('s demand that his followers become his “voluntary slaves." Now upon a very high level & very tuperior man may be able to adopt such an attitude successfully a-+ in the earllest times the offielating priests in the Egyptian temples were called "the slaves of the deity;* but I do not have the impression that the persons who have surrounded M. Gurdjie(f, oF who m now, are of so superior a kind and for them, as for myself, I feel convinced that what M, Gurdjielf demands can result only in an attitude of faithful credulity toward everything he ays and docs, and the attritaition to him of an often absurd de~ gree of omniscience, It appears to me that such a result must be fac worse for the pupil than any possible intellcetual formulation, no matter how clear or rigorous the latter may be. It will be seen that I neither respect, nor approve, nor intend to adopt any such attitude myself, Itis not that I consider- myself the equal of M. Gurdjieff, for there Is no Equalitarian Lie involved here at all, It is not even that f would deny the legitimacy of my becoming hls voluntary slave. 1 simply realize that as yet | am not even approx~ imately #0 superior # man as to be.sble to become anyone's volun tary slive, And this is one of the reasons for which I have found that [have little to gain personally from association with M, Gurdjiett. ‘Since It appears that he does not consider an intellectual op~ proach to serious problems aultable, it would seem that his approach must be either emotions! or practical, because there are no other approaches feasible for human Leings, But the people’ surrounding him are certainly not for the most part of the practical type and thus It remains that his approach must be emotional so far as they are concerned, Now the advantages of an emotional appronch are these: that {t may be sincere, that it may bring (nto play the great reservoir of energetic force which carries into effect the hopes and ‘and that (t appeals directly to any person's es, But it also contains strivings of mank Immediate apperception of his own wish disadvantages, and especially does it contain them for those who are not aa yet fully human Individuals: that it (s as likely to lead in an Incorrect as Ina correct direction; that it relics In the first Instance not upon the realizations of the subject himself but rather upon the plausible suggestions of another person; that It may a5 easily be used to the appetitive benefit of the suggestor az to the objective benefit of the reciplent and more often than not it is just 0 used; that it confirms in the subject that very disease of sug~ gestibility which docs so much to render the latter subfiuman and {a 50 typleal » symptom of his subhumanity. "Against all of these inherent disadvantages the mental attri- butea of the subject (If they function at all as mental attributes) 2 i THE ORAGEAN VERSION are specifically degigned to guard and, at least tos 2 east to begin with, that ls thelr prime function. The emotlonal approach ls by Uefinition lop=sided in this especial fashion, in that it not only seeks to, but by Its own nature must, delete the very safeguards included by na~ ture against the hasty, credulous and fanatic acceptance ef falsities or, at best, of partial truths, It hag oceurred to te tai. Gurdjiett's prime error and fault in his later activilies lz precise ly the overestimation of his followers? abilities, an overestimation which seems quite clearly to achieve it hieve its compensation In his exag~ gerated contempt for thems) Of course I may be wrong; the fact that such an interpretation is 3 rather too “clever” one, in no way guarantees its truth, These are the sincere and honestly re} onestly reported impressions whie 1 personally have received fram my ansocintion, tueh aa it haa been with M. Gurdjieff over a number of years. For me they are mn firmed, although they have not been originated, by the very definite types of people who surrouni him. ite presents te me the appears ance of s dubious measinhy even id of aa calremely sophtatiented ones and he presents also fo me the very picture of what lespected o encounter when I first attended that group meeting of Ornge's ta Shieh I went with xo much forcboding and incredulity. t honesty Eonstate tint Gurdjett yoerite the ineeedulity, And i eny jodgment be Ineorreel, a4 much as my own bins It Is his own beluvior which his Initiated snd which justifies Unt judgincet, Ie woud be distngenous of me, however, having ax[d s0 nivch, to deny oF to omit another aspect of M, Gurdjieff which has impres~ Sede will assuredly a4 great un impact as any of the above. Fur Ir I have received no impression that M, Gurdjieff is by any Wieane ae uutetanding intellectually, emotsonalty or pra hi Goth ciples suppose hin Yo bes Lam convinced us eag Fgonahesperience of him that he poscesses another quality that Huy be more important than any of the foregoing, ‘This quality he Pethaivce toa eerce nat mopely super to at of any ates tan hemi hive evrlencontcred but tes degete greater hae would Its the quattiy: sot of snd ot of fecling of ol vaeecretor gene lishment, but simp eet eeeTHE ORAGEAN VERSION There could hardly be » greater contrast to the above type of personally than that of Mr, Orage. He war a brilliant Intellect Eiltt but, far more than that, he was also n very great teacher, T happens that T have spent most of my Iife among men of the Intellectunt type and some of them have been brilliant ment one oF two of ther have been great tencheras But Ihave never encountered tny other mind of the shining clarity which Orage'a achieved nor have Tmetany other tencher sho to completely understood that no human being can ever be taught anythinge that the tree lencher's task fa to aesiat another to lenene ‘To assist hopefully, willingly «nd with Srcry possible aid.at the former's disposal, to dismies no question Ss bding too ignorant or too obvious lo meritan annwer provided the desire to Tearn be present, to encourage that desire in every possible way without ever consenting to pander to it; and never To permit the relationship of him-withemore-knowledge toward Niegcwlthetess ether te deny lself oF to tinply any inherent aupert= Biity In the possensor. Never in my experience dlé Orage permit ch ignorant man to atcume an equntity with him tn respect of krow= tush aor dia he ever take the sittude that hls own superiority was Teore (hans temporary and unienportant ene, the other were lm= polled to learn. incidentally we touch here upon the reason for which I have called the nubject of nese ideas the Widen Learning ond not the Maden Tetching.,It le because, iC such subjects are to Ue maxs~ lened nad although the efforts of the teacher must be great, the most Wake Trder tnvotwed must proceed upon the part of the pupil They carnal be taught. But hey can be learned, at | pertoually found Alfeed Nichied Orage to be & congenial friend te doubiless nu more Hhan u inatter of type, ehemical affinity ted polarity. Upon my best sell-scurching Ido not believe that inte ache which ts indubitable, has eseaped the allowances which 1 fave made Tor it In the judgmente upon hi that [have stated above, ut there g more involved in thie matter than the contrasting personailtict of Orage and Gurijieff; beneath is the whole dis~ Tincltoe between pational teaching and inepiestionnl texehings Tt WeStee that for s certain type of hearner the ingpirattonnl appresch (rot only conventent bul alse possibly sucecsatul, 1 personally siete ar enat types "And even itl had acceas to such « form of aero clentton with ane greater than I (which 1 have no Fearon to craeinta possecs), nevertheless { uhould refuse to make use sie for't Tait to perecive that there la any measure or standard eeeiteh one tnaptestion may be distinguished (ror another in res eerie validly and I the Ibas selfcevident that many inspira Tons'are bonus. ‘Thun, to repose one's confidence in an inspir tions process of learning (s to expose oneself to the blind chance sere eee ttatton aclected te thet exceptional one that may be cor= se Mhcreaa the Eimple mathematical chances are very heavily reetulv ine penbabllity of such an outcome, (For within the inspira THE ORAGEAN VERSION tional technique Itself there {s offered no assurance, nor any means, of diatingulshing between the bogus and the objectively cor~ rect inspiration. Such a means can be founded only upon the Jeara~ er's trained critical faculty and thus it can only be rational (or Intellectual) in kinds)Perhaps it would Le unreflective to assert at this point that the path of rationality is necessary for everyone; F do assert, however, that it is necessary for me. Tiake it that « Iearner Is, by definition, one who desires to learnrl take it, further, if the learier proposes anything practical to himself, thal he is already convinced, in whateyer field he has selected, that there is something specific to leurn; anil finally 1 take it that the learner must be willing and must he able to expend the energy required for his proposed purpose. Adinit, a8 an assuniption for which I hive some evidence, that M. Gurdjieff passesses a fund of very serivus and important knowledge. At the same time I know of my own experience that he either will not oF can not disclose it to me, that in contemporary fact he is not A leacher, But specific knowledge can be acquired by a learner Tam prepared te only through the assistance of a teacher; and my experience has Sgatn informed sme that the qnly real tencher | have ever hnnwn to casciated with the Gurdiinitknawledge, waz Mr. Orne. Vasite eral inspirations are neither the hallenark nor the guorantee of a really serious quest concerned with the most important subject cing gam confront == namely, the ne . ly, the meaning snd iim of his existence. . Upn thimstterGrage had something specific to tereh and he ss both witting, ann able to tench. Whit he hoi! fo teach wae Tathiny tenn thon the spseitic hey to tht ba red duor wiieh netther tpecutation tne wishing can open Us those who seek entrances which in le ubtained ony tnrongh its deliberate diselovure to th last ty univ whe nateeudenlly hnews what tiny because peeets wusty it tas hus dizelosed tn hin, This, aa Ml were, hniliotocy ze has tating whstever (odo with peud intentiona, » vlsteous cutlvuh,sbewevednt interest in meniind oF any nest al oteliiy, tingtion or tnepiration, Wis as defined ond epceitie as nny neteal wey tt hs ever unlocked wny aetint doors Ite Hat hey cate Grhge ad ae Henpng teens, tnt tts at hey whe he Of courte he did not invent i or even discover It, by himea Neither, of course, Jie M. Curdiielf, Iscems ua certatn av nese Uhat Orage did obtata it (rom Gurdjtetf and that that was the iramment diate sequence of ite avaiobilty daring the period of the Grape Broups in and about New York City inthe ninctecn-teentier, dow Much of what followed from lt, wat dus to Oragers Individual fealle ations and how much attibutnble to Gurdjielts specific inatvacte lon of Orage, 1 problemmatienl and aenrcely seem ef very great Importance, Bute disclosure in New York war made by Sree snd all the dependent and sequential formulations were made BfTHE ORAGEAN VERSION him, too, Moreover, It ls precisely these which were later repudi+ ated by Gurdjleff. ‘That {s why Lattach the litle of the Oragean Version to the body of statements that I propose to delineate here. It be entertaining, although not especially profitable, to speeu~ Inte upon the possible explanations of the extraordinary recent history of these IWens concerning the Hiééen Learning ~~~ their introduction and exposition in modern New York, their expansion and thelr earetully formulated consequences, their sudden repudi~ Allon and attempted destruction, Two theories have been advanced in this regard which bear at lenst some initial plausibility. ‘The first [s that the information herein contained is really secret, really hidden and really forbidden, To make it publte ls prohibited and to reveal it even to a very highly selected munber of Candidates for iniliation ean be allowed only after the passage of severe tegts and the inauguration of complex safeguards. Never- theless (Gurdjieff did formulate this information at his Institute for the lirmonious Development of Man, it being yoknown to me whether wilh or without the adequate safepunrdn Orage formu Inted [tiater fn New York without any espectal eofeginrds but with an explanation of the necessity for doing ro which will appear at tie proper place>) Tere was then@he accident that so nearly cost M. Gurdjieff his Tife, At this point ft fs supposed that the latter Fepented of his program or came to an interior reslivation of warn= ing ausinst it, thereupon doing his best to destroy both the teaching itself and its further results so lar as concerned those who had been taught it) Tae hislory of this sort of activity is full of acci- dents on roads, of sudden IMuminations and of subsequent reversals of behavior; and here we have an accident that really happened. That is one of the theories. ‘The other iz that Gurdjieff has not really repudiated these Ideas atall, He has mercly suppressed thein temporarily. As is known, be is engaged upon the writing of a series of thrce “books; the Clret ls undoubtedly destructive, tg clear the ground of rubbish, ac it were; the second is alleged to provide consiructive data upon whieh new building may commence; and the third and last is said Te disclose trve and abjective information of the mast serious character, According to thls second theory, then, the formulated Ideas which tam here calling the Oragean Version, will reappear ana partat least of Gurdjle(('s third and final "book." At the moment, however, he prefers that they be forgotten, that they re= main fox the present non-extant, In other words, he does not care to havelGe climax of his writing sntictpated. ; ‘There is also a third notion, circulated in more or less shame= faced whispers since it supposed to reflect upon M, Gurdjieft per~ 1% THE ORAGEAN VERSION sonally, although (untess he is to be Laken with some sort of super- stitious dread) I do not myself see anything derogatory in it. There Is no doubt that the man received very serious head injuries at the time of his accident nor that this time coincided with his change of program. It may be supposed that these injuries were sustained by the frontal lobes, either directly or contre-cou. Dut the general region of the frontal lobes of the hurman brain mediates both formu latory ability and recent memory; and its injury might well produce such effects as a) the retention of former realizations and under standings without the continuing ability of previous formulation, or b) the loss of beth the clarity of realization and of the fornvila= tory ability, or ¢) the loss of the farmer and the retention of the latter. In afl of these cases the previous kind of work could he carried no farther and therefore M. Gurdjieff, without abnudoning his general aim, after his accident adopted entirely different means and an entirely different methed of tenching in earrying it oul. Naturally this implies a certain kind of insbitity upon his past resulting from harm to his physic! erganinm, just as it al plies@ highly competent adaptation to altered circumstances Crtainly the first of these thearies is more in accord with the traditions of the Hidden Learning, although the proposed indis~ eriminate Uroadcasting of M. Gurdjiell's weilings will seareely fit Mat picture, And perhaps the Uhird theory may contain more ordinary commion sense. But Ihave no persona! means of judping which of them may be the most plausible and indeed it may easily be that none of them is even applicable to the situstion. Aetinlly U oud consider them sitio be more or lees empty nad aecheg Speculations, my What te wellher enply nor useless, ise tnforinat This | propose to preserve bul the first of the above theories. 10 least impresses me sulficienty so lint shal not pero te sabe Hatton shall merely set down, st sow, ___ To suin it up, I possess the following qualifications to do so. For a number of years I personally stated these formulations toa series of the Orage groups In New York Cily and its neighborhood, My familiarity with these propositions was constantly checked with Mr. Orage himself at that time, Nor am I forced altogether to rely upon my recollections of what was then stated, for retain In my possession, the detailed notes upon which I conducted one fant group course from its beginning to (ts conclusion. Likewise there lie in my files numerous notes which [ took down when ats tending both groups and lectures conducted by Mr, Orage, as well #5 careful copies of the diagrams elucidsting certain of the funda= ‘mental principles expounded. Finally, [have a whole series of rigorous technical definitions of the verbal terms crnployed by aTHE ORAGEAN VERSION Mr. Orage In his formulations; and these were not written down Inter from memory but were taken at the time when they were flrs Introduced, and often thereafter compared and confirmed with the man himself. Such, then, are the sources upon which I rely for the account to follow, Since my writing of the above introductory Premises there has taken place a further happening which I think should be mentioned here, Having recently been invited to altend a series of private readings from the late M. Ouspensky's so-far unpublished book entitled In Search of the Miraculous or Fragments of an Unknown ‘Teaching, I have thus become acquainted with the contents of most of that work. The book purports to be a chronicle of the original meeting of M, Ouspensky and M, Gurdjicff and to render an account of the talks and lectures then given by M. Gurdjielf at Moscow, St Petersburg and other places in Russia before the Dolshevik re- volution, It is so accepted by the followers of the late M. Ous- pensky, who are in the best position to know, and Iam told that it is also so accepted by M. Gurdjieff himself, It is said that the Inter was inuch angered when first toll of M, Ouspensty's book but later, when he had heard it read, that he altered his attitude and endorsed it as a correct account, The bearing of those events upon the matter of these Preinises is obvious when I say that the subjects discussed in M, Ouspensky's book are identical with the formiutations of Mr. Orage and that here, once again, they are attributed uncquivocally te M. Gurdjieft, I is therefore impossible to doubt that at least the intermediate origin of these ideas is from M, Gurdjieff himself directly; as to whence he In turn had earlier received them, I am not in a position to know, However, the same circumstance arises again in relation to the version of Ouspensky as with that of Orage, viz., that any version at all must vary at least slightly (rom the original. And of course it is this accumulation of variations which inevitably, and aficr the lapse of no long time, always destroys the integrity of the original and may even terminate by reversing (he original meaning, as $0 obviously has been the case, for instance, with the early Christian teachings. As to the body of the Gurdjie(fian ideas, however, | am convinced that as yet no serious distortion hanoccurredwiththem, After all Ated from the latter by the portion enlitled, The Boat, These tilles,THE ORAGEAN VERSION incidentally, were suggested by Mr, Orage and are not my own fnventions, And it will be understood that, as between the (wo Map sections, there are necessarily almilarities, consisting in the leas OF more expanded exposition of some of the same subjects, The body of the treatise will be wrilten in Roman type-face, and will relate directly to the Oragean Version, Whenever I may find Mt of advantage to add some further formulation of my own in order to provide added information upon a point under discussion, such contributions will be distinguished from the main body of the exposition by being indicated in italles, And £0, 1 wish you good hunting. Per Ketet, eameanas Long Valley, N. J 26 May, 1949 Georges Ivanovitch Gurdjieff died at the American Hospital at Neuilly, outside Paria, in France, 28 October, 1949, These Premises, therefore, were written while he still lived, 1, THE SUBJECT AND THE ATTITUDE. The subject of which we shall treat is the Hidden Learning, not the history of its appearances but the actual content a3 expounded in the Oragean Version, Tales, legends, romances and traditions have grown up about the Hidden Learning over the course of many centuries, but with these we shall not deal, Our subject is the Learning itself and there shall be only incidental remarks ns to what may have liappened to it rom time to time. This body of knowledge has existed longer than can adequately be traced and, as mentioned above, has existed in many different formulations which, however, have all, if genuine, had reference to the saine truths, With what are these truths concerned? Primarily with the destiny of Man and with that of individual men, with their genuine human functions and the obstacle that prevents the fulfillment of them, and with Mose procedures that may hold out promise of being used effectually to alter the situation, This was the sort of thing taught in the ancient Mysteries, now mostly lost and alfnost en- tirely unintelligible beeause the key of those teachings hos vanished, Confronted with fragments of the merely verbal skeleton of such teachings and in the absence of the key, #1! attempled conterpor= ary interpretations of their real meaning are either fantastic or plainly speculative in a philosophic or rom out exception they are ignorant interpretations, But that somehow those original teachings refer to serious and important truths, is a widespread belief even today, There will be no endeavor here to reconstitute the Mysteries nor will their terms by employed except possibly in occasional iMustration, But the same verities to which they pointed, shall be our subject, too; for the truth, if genuine, is unique and single. But the terms presently to be defined, will be inodern terins and (hus more readily comprehensible to the conteinporary reader, It will be seen immediately that our subject is a very serious fone indeed. Dut it docs not on that account demand to be approach= ed with a long face; a mournful sense of sin is no more te the point than would be an altitude of drunken levity, What is required of the Investigator is that he should understand from the beginning that More Is at stake here than the mere satisfaction of his possible curiosity, Curiosity alone may suffice to bring one into a first contact with the Hidden Learning at times like the present; after the preliminary contact has been established, however, this stimu- ie sense; and with aTHE ORAGEAN VERSION lus by itself will progressively wane and another must take ite place. It is one of the functions of the Hidden Learning to make such further stimuli available to those who may be able to respond to them, The scope of the present subject is as broad as that of Science and may be taken in a similar fashion, The term, Science, (3 given in our vocabulary to a certain, defined magthed employed in the investigation of reality and, since it is alleged that every sort of phenomenon and real relationship may be investigated by the scientific method, it follows that the subject-matter of Science em= braces all reality. The scope of this subject-matter is equally in- clusive and the procedure employed is likewise very similar to that of Science, which comprises four steps in the solution of any problem --- viz., 1) the accumulation or observation of many items of the data relevant to a given question, 2) the formation of a Ucory oF hypothesis subsuming large numbers of such dala in a more or less broad generalization, 3) the setting-up of an experi mental technique whereby the deductive consequences of the hypo= thésix may be tested in an unknown instance, 4) the resulting dis~ proof or lack of disproof of the hypothesis. Wis not intended to be stated that we are here engaged upon a formulation of Science, for this treatise concerns solely the general body of Gurdjictfian ideas as they exist in the Oragean Version; bul the idertity of the subject (reality) and the siniilarity of the approach tc it (the four consecutive steps of procedure) with the coniparable aspects of Science, constitute an advantage of familie arity (0 the inquirer with which it would be foolish to dispense, For Just as scientific efforts may be, and are, subdivided among various fields of knowledge, hete we encounter a similar case. The Gurdjie(fian ideas and procedures are directed toward the sume fields In which Scienee works, as for instance physics, chemistry, biology, psychology, sociology, astronomy, cosmogony, religion and philosophy (which latter are also subject to scientific investigation), and many others. In addition they invade fields s0 far alinost untouched by Science, such as telepathy, clairvoyance, ESP, astrology and #0 on, but as Lo which scientists expect their sown technique to be applicable eventually, In other words the en- tire reali of Science, both actual and potential, is covered, Ac the outset by far the greatest attention will be given to the field of psychology =~ i.e., to a formulation of the objective be- havior and of the subjective experience of the human being ~~ but it must not be supposed on that account that the farther aspects of reality are to be disregarded; and Indeed it will be found necessary that the investigation of many of these should go hand in hand with the primary inquiry. But naturally, for a human being, any serious critique of reality must consence with himself, that la, with him who 1a making the/eritique in the first place. + THE ORAGEAN VERSION There 1s also another aspect of Science which is identical with 2 maiter of conjecture. It constantly seeks to discover what but neither what might be nor what ought to be. Ithas no ace tg ail Kinds of ed hoe projects are prosecuted =~ that cireune worthy of the name, In present scientific work such imposture js stead they will be, by definition and in fact, some other sont ot ecorded lo paychutngy there are two aspecia ine thegeetay Pertaining to psychology itself but also many furtice seen Felating 10 what are usually ealled other branches of Seen These are needed both as aids to the efforts which he is making Personally and, in addition, In order to keep hism os well een 8s possible while he may himself gradually begin tn change wn his prosecution of his personal work, nine For the quustions to be answered here are the fundame eestions with which all bun beings must be cenene ee ually, simply by reason of the fact that they are human bein; ” What is a hornan being? Why is.a human Being? Wher hee caning and aim of human existence? How may aueh leas fe fate ed personally snd individually? As regards these guevviens a will be well to establish the same appfoach that will be weed neste Ally concerning every question dealt with in this Version. 7THE ORAGEAN VERSION 2 In the first place there 1s an arresting assumption prescnted to those unconversant with the GardJieff system of ideas, This assumption is that, for serious human beings, knowledge exists upon three different stages or al three different levels. The firat of these stages may be denoted as the general level of Science, the second as the level of Moonshine (including such knowledge as possessed by religions, cults, various ethical systems, etc.) and the third stage or level may be called that of genuine and correct knowledge, These various divisions in respect of knowledge may also be referred to as: A - Knowledge; B - Moonshine; C - Science. They are all included within the general field of know~ ledge, thus: 8. c MOONSHINE science Figure 1, The General Field of Knowledge. Within this general situation C knows only C and believes A to be Inherent in Ci B knows both B and C and mistakes B for Ai A knows A, B and G, Within any general population only a few of ite members are within the field of B; and of these only @ few again ever meet with thoae within the (eld of A, by chance... This formulation, of course, {s not offered for the purposé of arousing credulous belief, It is a simple, graphic portrayal of the situation in respect of knowledge, as the Orugean Version states that that situation existe. What comes as a surprise to many persons is the subordinate position accorded to Science in this order of the degrees of know- ledge, for it is placed below the status even of credulous cults. A word of explanation {s obviously required, From the viewpoint of this Version scientific work is a perfectly respectable activity and THE ORAGEAN VERSION " the general personality balance of most scientists is plainly of a higher order than that of religious fanatics. The question here, however, is not one of general respectability; it is the question of potentinl access ton full, genuine nad correct knowledge of reality asthe latter actually exists. In this matter the religioniat, despite all his lopsidedness, possesses a distinc! advantage over the scientist, for the former is not antagonistic to the unusual, the bi- zarre or the wonder{ul, while the cul-and-dried altitude of the latter is a continual hindrance to him just so soon as he makes contact with any phenomenon not readily to be assimilated into the currently orthodox view, Although at first it may sect like a paradox, (0 be sincerely in search of wanders und receptive to their possible recognition is an approach to the profouner 3 pects of reality more likely to be suecessful than is the ciutious timidity of the scientist, forever fearful of unorthodoxy, Few I= type persons will ever meet those of the A-type but, when they do, atleast they have some chance of profiting hy it. Very often the academic integrity” of the scientist is lille more than an une reasoning terror of the unfamiliar. And any genuine truth, at all approaching to completeness, must be very unfarniliar indeed, One con scorcely expect the ebove remarks to hold an especial enpeal to seieatinty but there is enother Pe bur tl her unfortunate eipeet of science upon sich all the beat seven fecacen tnt etit acrce hte Uae Hinative proof of ony proposition ot theergn That Ee beetaae iit establish the correctness of the original hypothesis in ony final sense, the reason being that the particalur consequence confirmed ney be @ logically correct deduction not onty of the selected hyo theris but Likewise it aay equally be @ correct deduction from em altogether different hypothesis, It nay be both at the seme tine and in catrene cones it aay be o connon deduction deriveble ol ine fron two different hypotheses which mey even ef the a f phenonenan. Thus, the atatenent thet the tun wil rive scvon'e given doy iu equally deruvatle. fron the hygutheate ‘he tun never around the certh or fren the eppunite hypedter ion of! the given deduced conrequence vill ae readily eonfira henia Has hypothenia Py snvother sordy ta genuinely font firaative of neither of then. The fallacy here involved te teracd by Togictens the Fallacy of Affiewing the Consequents sal al theoeh ny poorly guelified scientists contines in bland ignorance of at snd thos rennin entirely at tase, every firsterate eetentifie sorker on the planet is well avare of Ut anf vill often ga to great Len Investigations fo aedify it to far av porsiéle. eithoul at the sane tine ever being able fully to evercene ity Keturally thie a sfineaatine pret or 4 evn by eaperinent to be cheracterited by nonvoccurrences then that hypotheuis is shown, pal patsu, fo be an incorrect onesTHE ORAGEAN VERSION For these reasons, also, the C-field of knowledge, which ia enlled Science, is the more incapable of approaching actual reall- ty dircetly since, even though it may light upon some perfectly genuine aspect of the truth, no means lies at its dispusal whereby the proposition may be shown finally to be correct, That Science has very large practical effects, is not relevant to the present, question; so have the operations of a field artillery brigade but they do on that account provide any access to genuine knowledge, In the exposition of that knowledge of the A-type which this Version claims that it possesses, x few common sense rules of formulation must be kept in mind, One of them is well instanced by the numeral, 124, In verbalizing that number one must first say Tone hundred” (but this is not only not the full statement, it is even an actual misstatement of the information intended to be conveyed); then one must next say “twenty” (and still the information ix both incomplete and Incorrect, though somewhat less so): and then final= ly one says “four~, and the deed is done, This rather halting accom= Plishtnent of the tusk is due to the nature of speceh itself, it being impossible to pronounce “one* and “four” simultaneously; and it is necessary therefore to make the full statement by successive degrees OF steps. In Just the same way it has not been possible since the days of ancient Egypt to condense a complex concept into a single symbol or hieroglyph. The nature itself of our form of writing Fenders Impossible the complete and sitwultancous statement of any- thing worth stating In the first place; and the reader must understand, with regard to any subject considered, (hat he 46 not aequninted with the intended exposition until the full formwulation has been completed, Very often a preliminary misunderstanding may be due only to the circumstance that a partial formulation is first demanded a 4 re quirement of the later arrival at » complete formulution, And, similarly, many of the questions which will automaticaily arise in the reader when some subject is first introduced, will later be found to have obtained their answers when that subject has Leen deall with fully. But plainly enough one must begin somewhere; the first step there will never Ue any fs not the whole journey yet, without Journey at all. Moreover, in dealing with ratlers difficult to understand, it is Important that one dues not Jose one's place In the argument, Side topics must often be considered and these involve digression from the main ling of the discussion, Indeed, it is well to think of the Siscussion of any large subject as comprising a straight line of ox- position from which there will usually depend a number of clreular lines representing formulations of sub-topics interrupting the main course of the exposition and then returning to it at the goint of the interruption, Within these circles of the first degree there may also be smaller circles of the second degree representing a consideration of a sub-topte of a sub-topic, A very simple diagram may be made of the situation: THE ORAGEAN VERSION Figure 2. The Course of Exposition. Tie cltehes renrescat éleressions (om the main (atraieht) line fe discuasion. The tener citela remrewntn v dlelertee cette fs digression. 4'-"becianing at eivestirons he on ot The point to be kept always in mind is one's current location dur 6 the Passage from A to B, whether it be at some purilivn on the straight line or upon the circumference of one of the civelen It confusion commences to arise, that is the lime to sion ia saage the diagram and to discover . Bae moment, Another matter to be unilcestoo is the necessity for teehmieal ferns, All careful scicnees very soon adopt such terane eg of the first requirements which their stinlets Ince, 1s the doesn that they be familie with the exact meanings of the terme eee Ployed by the science. There is an excellent reason tar tee gad it i8 neither pedantry nor a love of hucis-pocus, ‘The rensen in Mat words in theniselve '© position of he argument it that tneaning only in connection with the assaeiations which trey eeeTHE ORAGEAN VERSION associations may be deleted; and by inventing brand-new terms which lack any great associational history we may in some degree start afresh upon a common ground, That is why rigorous de- * inition 1s not a mere academic luxury and why newly invented technical terms, often appearing artificial and pretentious, are in fact of much scientific value. "But if'a technical language is valuable to Science, it is even more desirable here, Eventually we shall have (o deal with con- cepts that make Einsteinian relativity appear relatively simple, ‘anil to atlernpt to do 40 in the ergot of everyday life would probably render them entirely incomprehensible. Therefore our definitions will be at least as strict and rigorous as the most rigorous in Science and, whenever assistance can be obtained by the coining of a new and technically defined term, there will be no hesitancy in adopting such a means to a clearer understanding. This signifies thal the reader must sincerely try to grasp the exactitude of the definitions, to learn the technical language employed by this Version and not to wander irresponsibly outside the limits carefully set in the definition used, When the term, normal, is employed, for ex- ample, it will have a careful technical significance quite ather than that related to its ordinary use and abuse; if the reader fails to Jearn and to accept and to employ that-special signiliennce, he will simply fail to understand whal is said, No one is going to levy @ fine against the culprit, ‘The fine is automatic: the loose and care less user of words shall surely lose his way, Very certainly there Js a penalty; but the penalty fs asseesed aguinat the maa by the aan himacl(, He has no more right to blame is instructor than has a chemistry student whose test tube explodes in his hand because he failed to learn the definitory properties of hydrogen. All versions of the Hidden Learning have always suffered from the self-justify= ing excuses of would-be converts who have failed in their very first duty of at least bnoving what is said. This (s very important indeed in a practital sense, If the In= quirer is told not to engage ina certain activity, if he then does so and receives harni as a result, the (ault and the blame are his own alone. Clear distinctions are also related to rigorous definitions; and the ability lo make distinetions elearly and with a considerable de- prce of preciseness is essential to an understanding of many Serious subjects, Let us make such a distinction now and let it be the distinction between Reality and Unreality. Reality comprises both the Actual and the Potential. The ‘Actual 1s what in fact exists or takes place; the Potential [s what might or may exist or take place, Thus Iam now sitting in a partl- cular chair and this fact Is a part of the Actual. But it is possible that a cat might be now sitting here ang-it {3 even likely that a cat may later be sitting here; and these circumstances, es 28 2 THE ORAGEAN VERSION pecially the future one, form x part of the Potential be noted that these different matters are actual aud potential ee. girdless of the reader's knowledge of them; the nature of the Actual and of the Potential, and thus of the Real, is not dependent upon anyone's correct or incorrect knowledge of it lated fo a total absence of knowledge concerning ite Now with regard to the actuality of being in the chair a number of potentialities immediately exist. 1 mny continue to sit in its T may rise from it in the usual fashion; I may swing it backwards and thas leave it more unconventionally; its supporting structure miay collapse and force an undignified exit upon me: end so on, in the case of numerous eventualitics, All of these circumstances are real potentialities, whieh is to say that they ave among the po- entialities that constitute a part of Reality. There are, however, § number of impossibilities associated with sy sitting in this chair, One is that I should suddenly take on the forin anil uppenr~ ance of the cat; another is that T should reach under the front sf the chair and, extending my arm beneath, then up anil aver the back et the chair, should touch my fingers to the Lack of my neck; anather fs that within the next few moments 1 should find myself travelling in a New York subway {ifly miles away; and so om It is also to Nor is it re- These con stitute unrest potentialities and are a part of the veolns of On reality Thus we ace that Keality is what exists oF happens oF what may exist or may happen; and that it comprises hath the vent Actual and the really Potential, Unreaiity tt what cannot cand or happen or what itis tinpossible may exint of may Nene, al thus synonymous with the really Impassibies esnmetecs teal te Actually tmpossible and the inmpossible Totentiol, hese Wenn fons are snore than mere verbalisins. They should be kept i nated, memorized if necessary, a8 the dstinitions di aeaninge. wea here, of the terms, real, actial, potential, unreal, imeensibne Those are the senses in which these words have tven ecet Miherto ‘nd in which they shatl always be used in this trentioe lieat BEE H# 9130 a0 application of these distinctions fo one of our ist projects, the consideration of the subject of human neyeuonnry, The science of payehology, ns known today, treats ol only eee ection of Realiiy, that is, It treats ofthe Actual. Ie areennes Man a4 a datunt given, as.a erenture lo be investigated solely wu he 4s now found to be, and it seeks to formulate niaeately hava Eription of the human being as he is and the laws govecaten ine Activities which he is found In fact to manifest, ‘There Ie ceenes a to any further fundamental potentiality in the nature of humo ben !egs, apparently it holds no opinions whatever It docs nol dong such potentialities, it does not affirm them, nor does it invest, fate them, It simply remains oblivious to thems This Version takes a different point ef view, since Its own eceasity La to deal withthe fal field of Reality ineleding tov the 29THE ORAGEAN VERSION ‘Actual and the Potential, Thus it ralace no cbjection at all to (he : Ailtade of selentitie psychology in treating of the Actuals (tis very aesneeesoy that we should understand the nature of men as they #r= aero ye should understand it xa completely as possible, Dut : rans ychology investigates human beings solely as they nre now deen eee it te to that word, solely, that this Version objects. (core acne even as they are now found to be, do posacss basic Po For ties which, though in fact unactualized, remain real. : aay far the most interesting thing about Man is not what i he is, but what he wey becone. | Ttere, too, it {3 necessary man cannot become an angel, nor can he be Fae cane God, All propositions of such a character are Fea}Y | that our distinctions should hold. A come a planet, nor can Tmpoasivie and thus they are within the field of Unreality: The tere ity about men is that they are humanly undeveloped: their Po~ fhe real possibility of their fuller and tentinlity Hes exactly int The real Potential in relation to more harmonious development. men {a thal they may become Men. Fn Belore we can take up concrete details, however, our genere! griegtation toward these subjects must be established. What is fo ceicreettitade regarding the statements and propositions pul {61> oe oem this exposition? What really ia our personal relationship ware At shall be anid? Certainly it is not generatly one of prior nequaintance with the assertions to, be made: ‘The reader will here be invited to explore knowledge; and continents, moreover, of which Magee and incorrect opinion, or else none nt all, In order (6 have waetreal value such new knowledge must be beth precise and de~ ary ee) he one hand and accurate to the other. How is the precise sresicage etn new continent presented ordinarily ? It is done by ea ee Jetaited map. Accordingly we may consider thet {he Tuccltie propositions snd assertions advanced bere, commas seeceerstirety the map of a new continent of Knowledge Of WNiN. Mt aera} outlines will reine ease of a cartographer's work, the oe In ine Rival, then the broad features, gud finally the Tecal elements anne ified in in increasing detail, Naturally én the beginning. 68 wean case of any explorer, we must be concerned primar ity wih ve ne ality at which a landing 1s to be effected and at other mets ree Tail be necessary for us to pay a greater attention {9 some 00s ed area of the map than to the whole document, to study a4 it soca special feature of the map, But gradualiy more sod Were Sr shall be completed. In the present Version all of te [7iB) serie will not be entirely filled in ever{at the end, for this Yor see o> ari bt a general working acqusintenceship - eof ofits tion new continents of he has now either a he ve. ‘THE ORAGEAN VERSION Ne eae mali iaiary[esseteaTsraetaTee Ta the bone fides and the assuined competence of those who fu y. h pon te ere hat it ta to be doubled, if'we were actually setting out wee ee cloration in which our own lives were at stake, that w sree a vecepl our master-map with the same ease of unveriticath that suffices for mere stay-at-home curiosity. In the present ir en stance ly puknown to veal the start; amd fl babls some truly dan: Wee te iaentities: We need a truly first class inapy not just for fa seeee tmcpas So what shall be ontr attitude tosard the nap which is offered? Credulity? Disbelief? Well, what? ‘peme Re ari aati aati snesrcaayiateete eas ale eee sRes dat werhave been at auch and such a described location and that our knowledge of it is our own, no longer rel a Untit we eam say thot, we siinp Whip not admit in? A eredutous neveplnace of everyihing we Reve boul this new eantinent would seareely be a sound fsitation for our procecding; the exploration is too important for that and do not wish te be led into cven an innocrally contrived amnbush, Nat surcly a blind disbelief will hardly advance as ups ae ta for to rejeet the nap in that fashion will enly leave us exsetly where we 8 care now, ‘The reverse of the coin is Jus coins is the obverse praetor ral oatinate ine erdult Ina n-amorlyvegotive seey ae ie eucliy Hl "The dupe dupiness; and the inverse, i.e. i mds I dupnes an the bent hedsbliving dpe stn he sn Morenvers the to sles ofthe coin oferty represent tw tayects of sini man sinnaey the wey Mera inane ef Tinhiy afters ihiiers Roosevelt, 4 Stalin ether hordes note Erssp fr auggertod economic go briehs af» kind perareron th wer reflection at all, but even swallow them whole, Perhaps it ° Seulhe ae wl 1 Ge did ot fo gach convinces eachother that weouencues are of ourasiinmint to the sume dignse of Stages "For we a ad ie ftr at wears ty ent ea gh our fallacies may take a different turn than those of 5 her peoples they are not the less fantastic on that accor fa _anosticism or scepticism isthe antidete te the poise gcstbiy, aa eventhough my be ncongental to some of uy ave to adopt it now, At the very start itis required {0 pre- truthful scepticism, neither foolishly bell eat shly believing what one may later discover to be false nor stupidly disbelieving and even denying that ow one ano oe lgr‘THE ORAGEAN VERSION Such an altitude is required. The present Version welcomes sceptics, It rejects either positive or negative dupes. 4 It will now quite properly be asked how one {a ever to come to any reasonable conelusions concerning the alleged continent. A imap is all very well but, upon the recommended ground of agnos~ ticksm, how shall one ever verify it or ever know for oneself whether ibe accurate or not? That the map-maker invites such personal yerification by others, argues a high degree of confidence jn his map upon his part; but this, of course, is no sufficient ground for accepting it as correct, Ibis necessary that we visit the localities described and see for ourselves how accurate the de~ scription has been. For this purpose we shall need some trans~ portation snd to mect the necessity our Version provides a boat, “The boat consists in a certain method of procedure, in some~ thing specific to do, in a meticulously described program of action which, If followed successfully, will bring the explorer into a close Felationship with the localities represented on the map. Thus there fa o€fered the possibility of eventual veritiention, in & personal sense, of the statements that comprise the map. There are provided in this Version the Map (the body of stat ments and propositions contained in the system of Gurdjiefl ide tnd the Boat (a specific Method of 3 practical kind, designed to Bring the user into a personal relationship to the Map.) Fer the moment we need say no more about the Beat and we may return to fb first and general glance at the Map. 5. One of our very first questions may well concern the position of mankind jn relation to the Universe in which it finds itself. Here Ts the answer, and a preliminary glimpse of the Map. Mankind Constitutes a part of the organic kingdom, which itself is a part of this planet; thls planct, in turn, is one of a system of plancts and that system of plonets, together with its central sun, comprises the nolan system in which we live; our sun is one of counticss ethers Inthe porticulnr galactic aystem which we call the Milky Way and which fs itself only one among other similar galnctic systems; to~ gether all of these Latter very large systems make up the universe, We then have the following sequence of steps: galactic systems (or Universe) Milky Way (a single galactic system) Sun (a aingle stat in the above galnctic system) planetary system (attached to the Sun) Enrin (a single planet of the planetary system) organic kingdom (a part of the Earth) Mankind (a part of the organic kingdom) ‘THE ORAGEAN VERSION At will be seen that In this sequence no fundamental element be Mitte nor are any included whicharenot inthemselves both natu fal and complete subdivisions, We have therefore oriented our- ‘Rives in relation to the Universe in the most general, but an accu~ rate, Way ‘We have also come upon a form of sequence which is interest ing in itself, apart from the clemeinty that in this case compose ft, ILimnuat be acknowledged that the structure of this sequence has not been invented artificially nor has it artificially been imposed upon the clements that make i€ up; it bas in fact appeared of its own motion and nature in answer to the question which we first propos- ca, Because this particular kind of sequence is a general feabire ofthe whole Map, we may well now make a preliminary survey of Grevsequence comprises a series of seven degrees of magni jude ar, in general, of seven distinct steps) lia a special instance ot the universat Law of the Seven, called in the Guisdjietl writin Heptaparabershinoth, in the Oragean Version the Law of the Oet= seein eientticelly the Law e€ Oetaves a4 proposed by JLA.R. Newlands many years ago. its Uraditional reeugaition I $0 See erase sieees| ataehoaaelfoeieee cee presented, its application fe plainly to be scen in the periodic ute of the chemical elements and in the deduced structures and Cleclromagnetic fields of the atoms studied by physics, The cat stitution ef our own planetary syatern, token hy Hacif, shows the Same relationships. In fact, the more fundasnental the phenomena which we miny investigate, the mare plainly and openly docs the elayie principle manifest act The relationship is a simple sequence made up of three sue~ ve unitary steps, followed by a step half again as large, fol lowed by {wa.unitary steps and then once more by another step half again a3 large, whereupon the succession repeats itself, Procced~ ing {rom below upwards, thu: new octave do} unit (subsuming the octave be~ seventh step si 11/2 units Sow) fixth step | In Luni (fai step sol Dunit fourth step fa 11/2 unite third step mi Lunit second step re unit first stepTHE ORAGEAN VERSION Thia Is the pure form of the octalive relationship; but becnuse ench step or note of the succession usually comprises another oc- tave (and often subordinate octaves within itself in addition) it is seldom presented to us in nature in so obvious a fas! The units will be relevant to whatever phenomenon may take the ectavic relationship and may be, for instance, in terms of length, time, magnitude, and soon, The inequality of the fourth and seventh steps to ihe others, is what constitutes the definitory characteristic of the octavie principle, It is here that the steplike Progression of the octave is interrupted by two, as it were, foreign Intervals, the first intervening between the third and fourth steps, the second between the seventh step and the beginning of the next octave, These intervals also constitute barriers to the continuation of the naturat sequence from one step to the next and at these special points the progression, proceeding so (ar pertaps by its own momentum, will cease, unless reinforced by further energy of an external kind ot characteristic of the particular octavic pheno= mrenon in question, For example, in the prapagation of musical sound the note, do, can be trans(ormed into the note, re, without oulside assistance; but the transformation from mi to fa ean take place only when, in addition to the presence of the note (rhythinieal vibration in air), noise (unrhythmical or chaotic vibration in air) fs also availabie, As another example we may take the case of atomic structure, In the modern scientific view the atomic series begins with hydro- gen, having a central nucleus with a posilive charge and a single external cléctron circling about it, whose negative charge neutrals {zes the atom electrically, Since these units ave deduetively Fenched concepts, it may be that future resenrch will alter the Picture now! accepted; bul the arrangement, even though possibly analogical, is sufficiently clove an approximation to the actual phew Romenon. From the hydroren atom the series builds itself up untit the uranium atom is reached, each successive atom being formed by the addition of one more external electron to the orbits sur- rounding the succeedingly denser and heavier nuclei, But these additional electrons are not added just uniformly; they lake their places successively ina series of differently spaced rings or oF~ Bits ond these successive rings fall into the ectavie relationship. Each ring accommodates Just enough added electrons to satisty the case, whereupon the next electron to be added is found circling the nucleus at distance corresponding to the position of the next octavic ring. There is thus produced the general serics of atomle structure; and since the properties of the chemical elements de~ pend upon the arrangements of the external electrons of the re~ spective atoms, there is also:produced the periodie table of the chemical elements which likewise manifests « similar octavie arrangement, THE ORAGEAN VERSION Energy can pass cither up or down such ociavie seales, unders going the comparable transforsaations, but always in necordance with the octavie principte, & down, there will always ve encountered between the points, mi and fa, and between the points, si and do, those epecial intervals at which the reinforcement of outside energy is required in order that the movement may continue, (In the case of the atomic progression this outside energy is perhaps furniched through the electrumag. netic field of the atum itself.) This same octavie principle holds in very many other cases, ranging from learning curves (where it applies to energy expendi« ture) to socioloical phonomena and to the familiar speclrun af +4 whether the movement be up or visible light, The last indeed is but a single octave from among the total vibration-ratcs hnown to science, which reach trom me Jong waves of radio through the short and Hertzian waves, the heat radiations, the infra-red, the spectrum of visible light, the ultra. violet, Schumann and X waves to the gamunn and soscalled cusmie waves --- 9 continuous series of more than forly octaves sagt Possibly, when fully explored, of forty-nine, ‘Throughout this whole Tange the laws of octavie relatiouship hold undisputed sway, We shall see later in wit farther applications te specifically Ime problems the Law of the Octave is manifested, In this first view of the Map we may well now also muake a Preliminary ubservation of another of its urge features, a second hw which, with the Law of the Octave, ennztitutes one of the tog Primary laws of the Universe, In the Gurdjieff writings the nme Of this secund law is Triamasikonmne, in the Orargean Version it ie called the Law of the Three, The law states that in every total phenomenon there are stways Present three independent (actors or farces. Ihe positive force, the negative force, and the neutralizing force, The First two of these can be observed with little difficulty bub the third appears mysterious and difficult to apprehend beeanee tn large part we are third-force-blind, Nevertheless, with effort the Presence of the Wird force ean be seen and its effect appreeinieds For instance, in the atom the positive nucleus and the negative flectrons are distinguishable at onec; bul where is the thied-tactor Elering Into the constitution of the alum? An understanding of fig Mind of problem has led te the develupinent of now recognized field Gieories in modern physics, for the third factor in the pe. Pomenon of the atom is the electromagnetic fick! permenting ita gemponent parts, The effect of a magnetic field has long been dee onstrated upon iren filings; in the same way the paths or orbite of the external electrons and the constitution of the inner nucleus Ate accounted for by the electromagnetic field, in the case of the Bom, it will be seen that the third foree in this ease is a foree, ‘actively participating in the phenomenon, that ts, it ls juste» much They are denominatedTHE ORAGEAN VERSION am active force in its own right as are either the positive or the fegative forces, Everywhere cise this ts also the case. We might take innumerable other examples, for ell henoment are the remalts of these three forees working together, In the statement of a dispute the plaintiff and the defendant represent the positive and negative forces, the judge who brings to bear sper the pewter his interpretation of the Taw, accupies the position of the raat fuing force, the result is the settlement, and in this example Mes enty to sce that the third force is an active onc, for the judBe ordinarily will have little difficulty in enforcing his decision. nother exanple ise toun or city, in whieh the pe force "ia the derives and plant of thote whe risk fo. 96ct7y {eres tates the negetive force i+ the ectual rork necets ihe ritging the eanstractions which abe un the town, end the mt MJarce it the site itself, shove configuration ree effect upon the design that the town must hove, cee jands of in Taker, at river junctions, on hilltops or in ery obviously show the effect of the third force, while in se cally present otthout being equally noticeable 7 riiend has hed to grow upwards with shy- vere Cyclark could just spreads SULL another Soutance ft et SF TRE Kaae bodys ite positive factor being ity omecey intake, ii cen een ee acing the ehenicel constituenta of whieh 444 6601% ree i sere cenposed,. and the autralizing factor Being the Oiee Tegigel ateauy-state DoC, electrical field of the wlole agen as reeieel tenines thet specific orcenie devign that ve cell ¢ fee Bea NS Ta" the cone of the hunen being the sane gituation Mader for his subjective experience (porit beved upon the ser ie tate tlngieet functioning of his body (negative fecter) end ie seer ee inens (neutrelizing factor) which wediater 4h4 trans fore Sracarone activity into experiential content, Ke yy condense these exenples or folle other €01 Rew York City on Hanke Phys nucleus (poritrans, neutrons, ¢t6-) duter elesents (electrons) ing tlecirenagnetic field (ineloding Ctuston. principle, " ete.) firet force, poviti cond foreey negative rd force, neutral total phenonenon “ Engineering firet forces posi architectural decision and planning meget constructional work neutralising geogrephical site non aay a“ THE QRAGEAN VERSION Law, first force, positive plaintift second force, negative defendant third force, neutralizing julge total phenomenon settlement of dispute Bioleey first force, positive therao-dynanie energies jecond foree, negative chenicol entities thied force, neutralising electra-dynante orgenic field total phenomenon Bolegicel organi: Paychology first force, positive experiential content (ees, blue, angers introspection) neurologice! functioning (sen basal genglier end cerebri third force, neutcatining conneisen ently fohese teansforning second farce, negative nediation is conseiousners or pure hunan being total phenomenon Joctors end produet involved, for it can be seen at once neither much Less the settlement of the dispute, mor that enginent ing . fe error in regord to the Law of the Three is the the positive and negative forces account for the neutrals the interact that reconei 1m of positive dn only soneshot Less naive end spperently inveitabte error cna TTR A Sy The tated force of fector ta the other Se Sian a Gite te ceationed herte hts error cerlier took Sreee tn agsten (ohere it han ave heen Largely recedied)s. shen ea eiace PAK Uhued fortersan first deduced, there tar sedi args a tentney fa auc crggerte Ue and bane ‘eibate tothe cleetronaguetie field the ectuel appearance o ce eae near eictear are ts ferttne cation oie ms hes occured‘ in payehotogyy in the Eesals eqtention el the total phenoatnan te taiely due ean gesteig fear beh ee Oa fed ee ee recent Lees papthteay thie feller het wean Ser bebe tatdeety repedieteds” Likewise im bivteay, hen 3THE ORAGEAN VERSION field theories firet appeared ypon the scent and the steady-: D.C. field of the organien vas entablished by definite potentials difference mesturenents, there at once folloved the iapulse to at= tribute @ prinary inpertance to the field force in the constitution sof the organ: very nathing prinary about this thied féetor, ive, the negative and she nevirativing forces are all tquelly required in arder thet there should tale plate ony phenonenon whatsoever, Tale can be seen very elearly tn the ine ‘ance of the city: in the absence of the neagraphtedl nite there ten certainty be no elty but inthe sane fashion the nite it neither deci, nor'Cen, create the city. fhe tered phenssens the elty, denands for stu actual setien net andy the ste but the Sork’ done upon thet aie sad the planned (avention to ae thet corks and + Moteeiet artenua erie ai Uitieas renetnn onty an uncetoal [ted petenttality ta the desten of fe elretrocdynante steady-stove argente [ueld, The lest statenent lalsTaa]atna]aiaataToyntere cee scesecteadteesereadiseias for ‘eutencee the steniycitate argente fleld which mayen trbate’ tothe typical fornetion of the adult frogs her often been scoured ith eh relent slctiea fecardrd ad loo tnt Feats the’ typical frog argante pattern; tf the ene ba fectilleed, frog nabseqeentty appears daly if noth then the fuel forces restate bong'ag thy cop en hat to ths ehtenee of the Seitine Witten oy etki fartag Trot of eourve ota not feneHte Ht will be noticed that, in whatevée instance we take, the three forces, positive, negative and neutralizing, are incommenzurable with each other; but this does not mean thal any one of them is superior, or primary, to the others, The Law of the Three states only that in the totality of all real phenomena all three forees are equally required and are equally contributive to the result. For the moment this is all that need be said concerning the two fundamental Laws of the Three ard of the Seven, Already, however, we may snake an important distinetion between them. The Law of the Octave is an operational law, S.e., it appliey lo whet hegpens and Ss determinative of the sequence and progression of such happening. The Law of the Three finds its application in whet (2. And since there can be no interaction or happening until there exists something between which interaction may take place or in regard to which something can happen, in this sense the Law of the Three Ia the more basic ereational law, a 8 (requently asked At the beginning of these expositions it is frequently what fa the origin of this information and why it should be believed. The answer to the second of these questions can be given first: the THE ORAGEAN VERSION information Is not to be believed; it is offered simply and solely as # series of statements which in fact are correct but which cannot be properly accepted as correct by the inquirer wntil he hiineelf has achieved a personal verification of them. This at onec raises the question of the nature of genuine proof and it imay be said hese that there are three hinds of such proof: 1) the statearcut to he Proven must he shown to be rationally ant lugieally correct, it must be intellectually consistent; 2) there is also an emotions! Aspect which must be shown to be consistently correet: 3) the statement must mect the requirements of the lopic of Solvitur Ambulando, L.¢., it must be shown to work or, in other worde, that it is true in a practical sense, When all of these aspects of prost hove been summed up in the personal eaperienee af the inet gator, then ~~ nnd only then =~ can verification be said to haeg been reached A Hitlle can also be svid concerning the origin of the informa Kion here treated. This information comprises part of the ligdes Learning, which is passed on frum penetration lo generation and from age to age by various means, the most successful of which {s Ue establishment and maintainance of Schools or, as they are sometimes called, Esoteric Schools, Ouly infrequently are the salstence or the mimes of theae Schools known at ail lo the gene ral public but the Pyagoresn Institute at Cretona may lw we floned as une School of this kind which has coine ta public attention, Such Schools are quite different in character trom the ordinary schools of everyday life, The ¥ are concerned with instruction only the sense of an necurite transmission of the information te he Preserved and their primary function is the training s+ ina lite era] sense the “education,” the "leading-nut” or development « 2 Bighly selected number of human beings, soine ef whom may succeed in coming to an individual realization of these truths nd thus atlain to a position of ability to transmit therm without alters ston oF distortion. One purpose of such transmission is to pres Serve for mankind the correct information regarding the Universe and himself and the ceal relation between them, during those eyette Periods of regression when otherwise all auch genuine Information Would be lost forever, These Schools are the possessors of'the Ay type knowledge mentioned shortly above, Then why the secrecy? There are many, very numerous Feasons for it but, here again, neither a love of mumbo. jorbo nor 4 pretense of exclusive selt-impoztunice 1s among them, The {raining of the postulants in such Schools must be both severe and Times dangerous; only a few persons are capable of undergoing Auch a discipline successfully and, since the Schools are not cont EEmued with turning out maniacs or the hopelessly broken, great Sate 1s taken in the selection and acceptance of those who are per sulted te enter. For this reazon alone it will be scen why the pres sent kind of information eamnot be seattered indiscriminately be ofTHE ORAGEAN VERSION fore those who not only are ineapable of understanding it but who, through their own misunderstanding, must inevitably injure both themselves and the aim of the Schools, Christianity is essentially the broadcasting of the teachings of the Essene School, of which Jesus the Christ was a high initiate; and those teachings, subjected to public distortion, have brought Christianity to an almost com= plete reverial of its origins. Contemporary Buddhism shows the me reversed distortion; the collapse and disintegration of the tremendous civilfzation of ancient Egypt Is another instance of the consequences of the degression of genuine husman trth when it Bex comes accessible to the ordinary or common man, The reasons for this unfortunate and deplorable state of affairs will become clearer when the formulations of the following chapter have been completed. But if this be 20, then one must naturally ask how this Version of the Hidden Learning could ever have been offered to the semi= public audience to which it was presented, Are its sponsors and formulators renegades and aposiates of sume contemporary School? Wos Jesus the Christ a renegade and apostate of the Essene School? It can scarcely be supposed so and thus the only alternative must be taken; that from time to time s0 serious and crucial straits are encountered by mankind that even the most doubtful and hazardous means must be accepted in the atlempt to mect and deal with the erisis, ‘Some crises can be truly desperate, fof such @ nature that thelr final outeome for mankind on this planet remains in genuine doubl even for the Schools. At such times it is said that the Hidden Lentning is disclosed, much as one inight hurl ifebelts indiscriminately into the sea among the struggling fugitives from a sinking chip. Sauve qui peut. At such times a rigorous selection is no longer possible; some lifebelt may be caught and used, out of many failures there may be a few successes when suc~ cesses are most terribly needed. Its just this sort of period which we have now encountered in the history of mankind upon this planet. That Is the answer given In this Version to those who ask why such information is available at this time in this way. Wut although the need is urgent, there can be no haste or eare= lessnees in the exposition, Firat things come first and we must start at the beginning. We shall therefore leave these greater ques~ tions for the time being and consider what is closer to hand but perhaps not the less important upon that account, In the next chap- ter we shall consider some commanding features of the local Map. 40 4, THE LOCAL Map. The modern scientific investigation of the problems of huinan psychology has established no agreed position and no generally ne= fcpted viewpoint regurding the definitory nature of the hurnan being. Isedvlously avoids any serious consideration of the central and beac problem of the nature of consciousness und thus the so-called telenee of paycliology presents the picture ef an attempted consirue= tion lacking the necessary element of a foundation. Oiten it puts lore ward privately held an Girectly contradictory views of what hvmen Beings are and what their easentislly human functions arey hed pene = rally speshing, it posseracy ho conimonly held tl ecuteal sos te its investigations. Yet, itwe ealude the private cultists ef peychon analysis, the mental testers, the mere stilisticiona, the soeial workers anil those wuose rent goul itis to adduce some soct of aup= qorts for their projects of socal miscegenatin =~" a of whom hike o call themscives pay holagiats bul whose relation to pay chala a5 4 science fs both Uistanl and obscure s-~ then we ede porhans, sisemble the clements of a more oF less cons haps tent position from the results of the more legitimate resenrches and undertakings, The neurological equipnent (the nervous aystens) of the human bouy puts it into contact vith the vorld outside of the orcenien and thie equipment alte mediotes the 1 the gr ‘ te4 of the orgenian to Cvoluse of internal stinulé erising within the body itself, The action of the neatol gical equipaent ia not af 0-refles, poste wtton type: prinarily its activity is of an extrencly conplen integrative Lind, sts chief ond basic fanction being to casrdiaste tnd haraonise the esternal ond internal stiauls constantly fapinging pon the org sf thus to produce an elequete reaction be donsseting tn the internal end external responses of the ay ee Toe sery tapid functioning Gf the nentelogial partons of the taly ernst the continual naintainance of these finely adjusted balances Fron conception until death the aereous tystent are in contrel Gf the organisa, Fron the nonent shen the sperm fortitiien. the Svun and cel wultiplication ev the’ steady-state biological Iietd of the organism lays doun the husan body-patiern and the first Sif ferensiotion to appear in the developing enbryo te the thes deterained and thereafter deteraining neve lecieal oryanisetion fron heal to teil) Tt in the neurasia contraly the whole maturation process fron the beginning af the abrye to the attainacnt of the alelt form of the organten, and increasingly and sholly it then controle the conplic +f the organian Both 10 outside end to inside forces, fees, the neuro. ch fed responses aTHE ORAGEAN VERSION From very carly in their history these neurological structures are divided into three main sections: the central nervous system, comprising 1) the head brain (the originating source) nnd 2) the spinel cord; and 3) the autonomic system, originating in the basal Eangliar portion of the head brain and including the sympathetic system comprising the nervous nodes scattered throughout the upper trunk of the body. A triplex division marks exch of these pris mary sections in turn, the head brain consisting of the cerebrum, the cerebellum qnd the basal ganglia, and the cerebrum again com- prising sensory, motor and correlation portions, The cerebellum is divided anatomically into two lateral lobes and @ middle lobe and an Interesting point to notice in respect of itis that, with the excep= tion of a few minor reflexes related to equilibrium and posture, it 1s non-functional in human beings as they a thirds of the enormous nerve-impulse output of the cerebrum dis- appears into the cerebellum vie the cerebro-pontine-cerebellar tract but, with the exception Just noted, nothing emerges. now found: two~ ‘These arrangements, accessible in the sense of inforination to any ordinary inquirer, account well enough for the behavior of the Persons whom we meet, But what of their experiences? Surcly a neural impulse recived in the sensory zones of the cerebrum is not the sume thing as the sensation of blue? Well, there are some psychologists who can be brought to the admission of the reality of consciousness, not as a neurological function but as a functioning clement of the human being. Once this has been done, the situntion is reasonably plain, Itis similar to, though not identical with, Locke's analysis of the problem many years ago, an analysis which ies at the basis of almost ail scientific work since his time, accordance with this view the neurological end-products of yates not only account for the subsequent for the behevior of the bedy but else provide the foundation or substretua of the subjective experience of the individual. It is the medietion of the foctor of conscvou ness, the third or neviraliszing fecter in the econnay of the huran Being, which transforas the fector of neurone phenonene inte the factor of subjective experience, 40 that the events taking place along the calearene fissure of the cerebral oecipetal lobe (47 fieally et Rrednenn's erco 47) ere experienced Ly the subject sensations of vision end color, The final neurolosical loci of various sensations have been fairly well aopped upon the cerebral Cortex and certain regions of the frontal lobes heve been reason= ably vel identified vith sone of the correlative sentel functions of a subjective hind, euch as recent memory, unttery experience of the orgenisn, ete. Sone prychologists suppose emotional expericnce te be associated vith the neuro Junctioning of the basal tanglion portions of the head Brain, others with the moter tracts and #till others with the lover Levels of the ayapathetie system, THE ORAGEAN VERSION A full mornin of 1e Ranimal been cunplcted onl in aany coven the for fen the above: " From ‘a strict interpretation of Ihis position it will be seen thot nubjective experience must here be tpert facto event, Newral Meo e uke place within Drodinann's area 17 an! then a sen~ Fae eriiaes for example, occurs whether the sensation 1 Bnaltancous with the neural event or arises later by 9 tiny (rac~ i ition determines the sen= fon of durution, the nerve impulse inteprat : tion, Ina similar fashion the nevral phenomena of the frontal ones m xperience which is based upon ove must deterinine the mental exp hein and the emotional exp Utes deterinea by pore aetioning of the appasite portions of the nervous systems Fi fh thinks he thinks, his response is really a sub- Fie oN geacae of an already determined neural event king sree inthe Hits ofthe froma lobes. And the whole notion Fence ee nS sural, whether amenity emotional or prnctical is Sandee incomparable te the case of the ratinnslization of in foe eM fasinad previously to the rationalization, White wo acre eriiologiacs would nok ngree with this view, SU never- ae eycyyet ecapcetsble, rationil aia) sesentific punition 2 theese ent Salers ands ag such, Ht has been select 93 the Be te the sciences Moreover, willbe found that this Mfow corresponds tothe positans of physies and biog : ie ear a lnve the universal three frees expec ented, ase corte of neues) end-products, the positive force of aoe eae renee nnd the neutralizing (yelor of consciousness sunsets SUESigy of awareness irrespective of its particular or Beer vie of the situation 13 also able to renee an explanation wed ol one of the mont actious for in of one of the most serious errors missions in modern psychologiéal opinion, such 9 criticisms ss, ree nction with its own position, its rivals are in turn incapable ol providing, For a denia! of consciousness or 2 profession of Squorance concerning the meaning of the term has led to the be~ seoristic fallacy in which rats and apes become of more uccount tothe science than do human beings; and this fallacy is obviously based upon the failure to recognize the third or neutralizing (ae~ tor invalved. Again, the omission from consideration of this same factor bas led other psychologists inte a failure to distinguish bex Ineen consciousness and conscious content with the result that i with each other the neutralizing and positive forces are confused with Bol person unable to perceive the difference between the faculty of pure awareness and the separate subjective phenomena result= ing when pure awareness is directed upon an object (some end- product of neural functioning), is Flainly unable to furnish thatTHE ONAGEAN VERSION defining description of the nature of » human being which it ia one of the foremost requirements of any genuine psychology to Provide. All this is only avother instance of the absurd, though unrecognized, assumption that the human being is some sert of foreign or unnatural intruder in this Universe when in fact be is manifestly a part of it, For if he is ® partot st, then very cor tninly those same three forces */hich determine all other phenomena in this Universe, apply likewise to him We must therefore reach the conclusion that the human being finds himself in much the same position #s that of Marathon. “Marathon looks on the mountains, the mountains look on the sea, That is, his access te the external world is indireet, Mis aware- ness is actually directed upon the end-products of the neural fune~ tioning of his Lody and everything is there included of which he can be directly aware. Many of these end-products in turn refer to phenomena of the external world, e.g., the patterns of visual and auditory nerve impulses along the calearenc Yiseure or at the Byri of Neschl, but itis at these latter thal the subject's aware- ess must necessarily be directed and nut at the outside landscape or tumult that there are indirectly represented. Other such neural end-products indirectly represent the current condition of the subject's own organism and thus "he" is in indirect contact with his body through the same relationship of consciousness to neurology, for a man's budy, so fur we concerns “hina, is alse part of the external world, "He" is Murathon; (he mountains are the end-products furnished by the operation of his body's nervous systems; the wit is the whule world external to ins", both his, Body itself and these further phenomenn with which his organism is desiyned to place “hin” in indirect contact, ‘Marathon looks fon the mountains, the mountains look on the sea." Another confusion (like thal in regard to the hree forces) which irks modern psy chology, refers to the significance of the terms, normal and abnormal; but since certain psychologists have defined theae terms In the same rigorous and technical senses ‘employed in the present Version, we may consider the matter here, Normat means neither average nor ordinary; if it did, we should nut need the {erm at sll in our Vocabulary, Average isa term referring to the result of mathemati ing with two or more cases; ordinary is synonymous with usual, The mean- Ing of normal is quite different and relates to the element of de- Sign, The etymological derivation of these terms is sulficient to inform us of the distinctions between them. Average derives from the Latin preposition, ad (= to or toward), and the Latin noun, verus (= truth); st signifies that which moves toward, or approaches, the truth, thus an approximation, Ordinary derives from the Latin adjective, ordinerius ( regular, usual, customary) and is In fact the same word with an English instead of a Latin ending. To the other hand normal comes from the Latin noun, nor a mason's al computation de: “4 THE ORAGEAN VERSION tool or square by means of which his work was guided and stun “gardized); and thus I's proper significance relates to the matier of standard or design Statisticians have misused and abused this word at least as inexcusably as others, specifically in the ease of the so-called Snermat™ probability curve and in that of the term, norm, deriving from it, Dut there is nothing normal about a prabsbility curve, it veing simply a mathematical expression for what is usually found to take place, and so its correct designation would be vither “r= ‘usual probability curve.” To usurp a long-established and clearly defined term in a falsely technical sense is nol an accomplishment uf seientifie work but instead it i 1 symptom of scientific deterioration. For us in this treatise the term, normal, shall be a technical word, strictly and rigorously defined so ax to have a single mes ing and that alone, Here is the definition: the normal is that whieh, functions in accordance with its inherent design. There are certain implications of health or of fitness ur ol propriety contsined here. A cart with a brazen wheel is un abnar~ dinary probability curve" o mal cart; it cannot function in accordance with its inherent, avd plainly observable, design, And a similar sense of the term ix ap= plicable to human beings. For the manifest design of the hn organisms, he Character of the biological, eleetradynouie th re closely associated with it, i such ay to es fanet subordinate parts or subdivi Mish an harinaniausty relationship between all its ions. ‘This is also the primary rule of the nervous systems, whieh integrate the body asa whole. Whew, and only when, such harmonious functioning is present, ean the ore ganisin be said to be normal; when it is absent, the organism is ab- normal. It will be seen that this use of the term, north, is just the opposite of its common abuse, For what is unuully, ordinarily for on the average found to be the exse with human beings, is that they are abnormal in one way or another; anf Uns the misuse of ning and maiually reinfor ein, the term, normal, in the sense of average or ordinary, at once involves the user in the self-conteadictory allegation that the nornvat is the abnormal, The reader rust accustom hinsclf lo the correct, technical employment of this term; it makes no statement as to the nature of any given design but what it does mean clearly, is that function and inherent design correspond unequivocally whenever the term, normal, is applicable. The matters so far discussed in this chapter donot, of course, constitute any part of that map of a new continent of knowledge to which we have referred. They are items of information readily Accessible to anyone in the ordinary course of events, they are not derived from any of the Schools previously mentioned and, especially, they give us opinions concerning the nature of the human being, Ses, of ourselves, which to the ane hand are tentative and te the 45THE ORAGEAN VERSION other not infrequenily self-contradictory, To stay within our ana- logy, it may be eaid that such information does provide a map of sorts but It is a map of the continent we are leaving, not of the fone in which our explorations lie; it is a chart of our port of de- parture, not of our port of arrival. Let us turn now to the latter chart, which will give us first of alia plan of the actual consitution, of a man, The most obvious, and the primary, functions of man as he Ia now found on this planet are thinking, feeling and action, Al- ternatively, they may be called mental functions, emotional func- Hons ard moving functions; and all other specifically human oper tions which he performs, are cither of the nature of subordinate detalls within one of these fields or else they consist in combina tions of some one of these functions with another. But all functions are functions of something; they do not exist in voeua oF, as it were, in a disembodied condition. And in the present c are the operational aspects of three different structural subdivisions of the edult human or~ ganism. In the Oragean Version the technical names for these structural subdivision: are Centre #1, Centre 82 and Centre £3 and their respective convergences are at the base of the spinal coluinn, the solar or celiac plexus and the forward portion of the head bra fe the mentioned (unetion This enploynent of the tern, centre or center, ix senestut broeder then the eustonary scientific usage wherein centre is de~ fined os "the ganglion or plerur whence iatue the nerves controlling + Junction." In accordance with that definition the neuroanatonist yy distinguish hundreds of "centres" within the nervous systene but of course they ere centres referring to singe part-functions of the organism, When, a2 at present, ve use the tera, function, to ee prinary, general function -- ex, for instance, exotion Si'then the tera, centre, ts applied to the core er focus of the ructurel subdivision whieh nediater that general function. People 4 often wedded, by feniliarity or by merely obstinate habit, to one use of sone teraz but since the ord, centre, iss highly tax portent ene in the present Version, the reader should tobe cere, de first eaployaent of it envard, thet Ke understands ita technical reference ond signi fleaonce en here used constantly. THE ORAGEAN VERSION A diagrammatic representation follows: cena head: #]s F B 4 confine A Raper solr ears © t 2 frank cenme over bse er " Figure 3, Cross-section of human organism, (lrom lett side) IL is plain to the briefest reflection that there ia something dif ferent as between mental snd emotional activity (we can distinguish hetwcen then without difticully ix our experience) snd Hat physical action, either of an “instinctive sclieal sort, is spain of a different kind, To think, lo feel an lo act are to he engayed in Uistinetly separate activities and these different functivns are medivted by different structurst subdivisions of the organism, The lower levels of the neurological mechanism of the hndy are con~ cerned with the involuntary maintainance of the machine, with the processes of metabolism, of aulomatie food digestion, of breathing and with these reflex actions vebich sespand ty the slitnuli frou ex ternal environment that take place befure, in fact, we think about them, This kind of activily originates in and ia medinted by the spinal cord mechanisms. Emotional responses, although affecting m: organism, have their centre of gravity, as il were, in the nervous nodes of the upper trunk, i.c., in the sympathetic nervous system This system, in man a8 we know dim, is nat so consotidated as the other (wo and the sympathetic ginglia are relatively scattered throughout their own region of the body: but the ecline plexus is the largest and most complicated of these and il is possible to consider this as the focus of emotional activity. ‘The forward portions of the head brain, primarily the cerebral cortex, mediate not only speech and formulatory ability but many other functions such as memory, foresight, abstract conceptual processes, perceptions of Telationship, recognition, and soon, These are what we call the mente! tsculties “wl the'r «-at in the hody “on titutes Contre 4 y portions of theTHE ORAGEAN VERSION Such an analysis must not suggest, however, that these different general functions are actually independent of euch other. That Is not the case and in fact they are very closely connected together, 50 that the responses going forward In any one of them inevilubly Influence the current phenomena in the others and are in turn f= fected by what is happening elsewhere in the body at the same time, as well as by what has previously happened. Thus the organism reacts fundamerially asa whole, thit circumstance being brought about by the sequence of its original growth: first, Centre #1 is formed and then there grow from it Centres #2 and #3, strong and Hof them as a matter of course, much as the branches of a (ree remain joined to the parent trunk. At the conclusion of the process we have an or} composed of mutually interacting parts or divisions, in which the principle of integration iss manifestly important element of the design. permanent connections remaining between jartiat end The above series of stutencnts iz, 40 far, only o incomplete fornuletion of the full position o'such ox ve have dis eutned earlier when vring or on itl fon the articulation of the nuseral, 124 -+ end the reader vill only auch Leter oppreciate it tn ite entire and propet significance, eanshile, hovever, there is no necessity for needless confusion ond the reuler vith sone bu Logical knurtedge aay view the risuation as follocs, As ta antopeny, tthe instant chen the reapertive aale and fecule gery cells coslesce into a tingle cell, Centre $1 say be said inate. This single conceptual cell contains within iteelf, of course, the steady-state Biological electrodyunnic field previously essocrared vith the ovum and sithin shich there eatets, axa real potentiolity, the Jally developed farm of the alult arganian, The aultiplicetion and teenentation of thir originul concentuel cell eventuully reaul in the formation of the differentiated Centres H, #2 aml 42 1n the Joras in vhich ve fend then operating in the edult body, There is thea only en epperent, but not « genuine, discrepency between the ‘atatenent thot Centres 42 and 93 derive fron Centre HI and the Anown course of ontogenetic developnent in which the neuresi of the orgonien is Laid down firat, ‘The next point to be considered Is that these three centres are not to be thought of as merely emply structures or sieves through Which impulses pass once and for ull, leaving no traces behind. Whether such modifications consist ina deepening, as It were, of certain pathways or in a facilitation of synaptic integration where nerves or nerve trunks meet, any Impulse received within any centre effects some greater or lesser alteration in its future condition. This effect is the basis of memory, which of course is of three chief kinds, sensori-motor, emotional and mental, it being only the Inst which, when we become introspectively aware of il, we or~ dinarily enll memory proper. The main consideration here, how ever, is that these operations (urnish the three centres with contents THE ORAGEAN VERSION This content makes a difference, if we consider the centre not simply ‘us an emply structure but as struiclure-plus-content. A {reight train, a passenger train and a circus train may all pase through the some railway yard and even over the sume switches; but a railway yard through which all three are passing at the some ine is in a different condition than one theough which only 4 single train, oF none at all, is passing. Doth the switelmen amd the men who may be working upon the (racks are well awire of such a dil ference, In the sane way a centee with content 1» not at all the same 3¢ one without coment aml, moreover es 9 difference whi sort and how much content the centre has absorbed From the moment that the thrve centres ire first formed «+ and this is considerably before birth «+ content begins to pour into their neurulogies) structures wid the process continues up to the sumnent of the organism's death, And 4 moment's reflection will wasure ue iat neither the given human being nor the centres themselves hive any control of decision over the mature we the seat wee of this content. Their condition is due in the first luce tw heredity and in the second place to environment, The forces which we call hereditary, including of course the biological steady-state (eld of the organism, completely sind finatly control the formation of the three chief hrain-syatems snd ly and finally determine the degree of efficiency, oF normality whieh the given centres must posses as regards their functioning structures. From this element there is no appen whatsoever; neither ignorance nor seatimentality nor the most com= petent later knowledge can alter the hereditary contribution to any Hut after U developing, envirenment at once curmtwences to bring te bear its they alse comple Hegeee at all has Been laid dass ssid is own distinc! influence and, in the usual case, this is incorporated in the external stimuli (arnishing cuntrnt to the centres. Such content cannot, and does not, alter the structural characteristes of the centres nor does it affect their general responsive capa Dilities wich by heredity may be adequate or inadequate vit « vis the general range of stimuli usual for 3 husnan organism upon the surface of this planet, This is why it is totally impossibte to transform ‘a sow's ear" into "a silk purse," no matter how many social workers emit th iF shrill eries of atfirmation, AIL properly controlled researches have shown thet slums eee iunelly produce oble men and wanen and that polaces sonctines Produce the incompetent and the ill-disposed. Tt has else been thoen that the averece alun-dveller, transferred toe “better” environsent, rene Imeller (i rae teriation such ux create sluas) all his Life, en vell es that the able who through sone fortuitous circumstance her lost Ait econonte ition, reteine his abilities aniapaired, Another factor in weighing the respective influences of heredity and environment eventuaten to the advantage of the foraer. If 0THE ORAGEAN VERSION that the gontribut tand thet this in in the fora of centres the-atinuli affecting the orgenien, then we aust any of the sost important of these stinuli originete internally, In other words, the body great aeny of ity own stinuli within its own aeche cing, inbibitery, integrative and also priaarily But there internal atiauli, since they arive forned and deterained by heredity, ere indirectly hereditary atiauli, Thus only ¢ part of the content-producing ttinuli are referrable to environacnt per ke: end if we denote Mructure by A, externolly or igineting content by H and internally origineting content by C, then hereditary influences will comprise AGG, vile envirenaental influences vill be composed by D olane, Nevertheless, environment inay be x potent factor in the development of a particular person since, although it can never alter the abilities a man inay porsess, it cither permits or d their exercise, ‘Thus aman nny have inherited @ constitution sneh as would give him the opportunity of becoming a championship run- ner but if vavironment breaks his leg, he cannot exercise nis ability for the time beings if environment 30 injures his leg that amputation becomes neerssary, then he can never do #0, The environmental effect is brought to bear not upon the abilities but upon their mani- festation; in general any ability will manifested when this is possible but, ifthe impediments imposed by environynent re sufficient, then Iwill not be manifested beeause, after a certain degree of obstruc~ tion has been encountered, Ht ennnot he maniiented. ‘The whole, offen deliberately entangted, position regarding heredity and environment comes down to no more than thist that heredity provides the equipment and that environment dete emines is use. ‘These two great eategories of forces, the one hereditary and the other environmental, are hoth important; and either the one oF the other may often be decisive, But from the point of view of the given human being thelr most momentous aspect in yet to be ited, No one claims that he hae controlled his own heredity; and itis equally plain to the unprejudieed that the course of their lives consists in what has happened to them accidentally and by chance, ew, that in ony really valid sense no ordinary man controls his enviornment. Tow many of our outstanding successes have been foc to w lucky brenk at the crucial moment, how many of our fait~ ures have been occasioned by the opposite? Did a aman like Midler create his cominanding position himsel(? Of course he did not: in the basic sense he was aulomatically selected (or the role of impersonating the forces of his time by those very forces and hod no more choice in the matter than had those other people who auto matically opposed him. The same may be said with equal just Geation of character# like Washington, whom we are subjectivel inclined to estimate as more admirable, hes von turn tob thin, § + forte THE ORAGEAN VERSION heredity and environment (and naturally have ended by holding the Tne prejudices with which we began), we find that in fact we have sercontrol over either one of them, We do not determine (hein, hey determine us, The erucin} {net about these two sets of forees in thot the ordinary man t2 molded by them into what he today in. Thus we find that the organism consists of three interacting systems or Cenlres whose current condition has been brought a Raut by 2 inultitude of specific forces and events, all of which may be denominated as deriving either from heredity or from an en- vironment external to the organism, With this organism the man, que huinan being, is associated in some intimate and peculiar way pot readily formulable by him. is bouy in predoninently @ telf-contained onl sel fone caval unit, due to the elece essociation of its three nuin subordinate veitenan Although the external envisonzent ix fer Larger end in tality nore peverfull than the organisa, nevertheless ot the Jorussing point where the wo neke contact, the ercanian ttelf Minast olvaye represents the much nore pover ful set of forces ine this is due to the fact that, of the tent which ere cone voteed re iif etfuracrn) never tranaforns the catential chiraee Now the design of such a body possesses very clear implica tions in respect of function, If in a wilderness we should cone cross a machine having two ‘wheels one in front of the other and connected by a structure supporting » seat, made morcover in fuch way that the front wheel could be steered by bars and the rear wheel propelled by pedals, we would recognize that we had found a bicycle, Even had we never before in our lives seen a machine of this kind, it would Lake us no leng tine to work out for ourselves ils use and ite usefuluess, Because structure and func~ tion are always indissociable aspects of the same entity, For that reason the definitory nature of the human organisin presents us with a triply. integrated mechanism for response to environment. Such a mechanism is obviously designed to manifest the maximum reinforcement and mutual cooperation between and among its three chief subdivisions in its total response-patierns of behavior; and when this type of harmonious functioning takes place, the whole mech-stam ui! ~yerals 2) its hichert efficiency. Under these con=THE ORAGEAN VERSION ditions it may be anid to be normal in the full and technical sense, When functioning thus normally, there are almost no conditions oF circumstances on the sur(ace of this planet which it cannot meet tnd successfully overcome. One necessary requirement, of courde, fs that ils three Centres should cooperate instead of interfering with each other; but that is implicit in its design end constitutes one of its own chief siandards of normality Within the three primary Centres there exist a great number of subdivisions but of all these only one is so significant that it needs mention now. This subdivision is formed, again by hereditary and environmental forces, in Centre £3 and in the present Version its echnical designation is Magnetic Centre. Roughly its function cor= responds Afguhit is ordinarily called intellectual evriosity, but to curlosily Ga particular kind defined by the objects toward which the interest le manifested. Ils activily is closely associated with certain emotions and the abject of ite inguisitivencss are the Strange, the bizarre and the wonderful; especially does it respond challenge of the inore profound questions whieh have always nd and fascinated the reflective portion of mankind, vira. for what purpose do human beings exist, what is the trus nature of this conyplex and astounding universe in whieh we find ourselves, whence eame we and whither dawe go, ts there such a reality as des tiny and, if s0, what miay our own be? The possession of u strung Magnetic Crater in at te same time Voth a dangerous anda precious attribute, In the absence of its owner's meeting with the suaree of any genuine information i€ may Fender him the viclim of faine prophets, of charlatans, of sincere Self-deceivers, of imposters end of spurious teachers whose ignor= ance exceeds even his own, Though half-suspecting the fallacies he swallows, an insatiable interest may foree him to deny his own Intellectual integrity und he may end 98 an abnormal and credulous dupe. But the sane Magnetic Centre may also, if chance favors him, epen to hita the unique opportunity of a genuine version of the Hidden Learning, for it attracts to itself and there preserves stray hints and suggestions of the caintence of genuine truth, Tt is well to Le informed of the existence of Magnetic Centre and of Voth the dangers and the bovis of its possession. By all means permit it to fanetion: bul let its functioning be controlled by come aon aente and by that uecplicism which iz an attribute of reasen itself, Let the reader do this in his own case and specifically in respect of the Version here presented. In doing 0 it will be of advantage to reflect upon the differ ence between the present section of this chapter ond the preced- ing section, for now we have left our former shores and are here considering part of the map of the new continent to be explored. ‘This new map is in many respects the reversed counterpart of our old and accustomed map and two major points in which this is 80, may be remarked, sz THE QRAGEAN VERSION The usval scientific view held by mest perséna of departure on the continent b left i : we have left + identifies the ntendy= Hate biological field ofthe orpantam with tie Ineige at teehee a {he human economy, It is this field factor which recounts ye toe Benoinenen of bologiea! organization, that is, the gros aa th minute form of the eryanismi; bul no detailed deseriplion of tan finery human deaign te ollered hy any tranche ing merely asserted thst, whatever the design my he, op field forees account for it. tere, ns conteasted ta so unectnn @ position, we have the defined, three-eentied. einai Ucing presented as a datum pie cing prea om, 08 an uanertea fuel which hon been discovered and confirmed, It may, and shots he deren snd it way be investigited; but there tt fn once eal longer subjeet tu tentative eauivecation, the what a human being neluntly tn And as regards the contrast between the scientific position and that of this Version, that, too, is evident, The agre E : are ot science are presented to the re: 1 rents, the only quulifiewtion being th ; @ thal they may be sulbjuct to later aeilition oF expansion, But in fact no singh stele eet ay sioner wy Iegitimately he 0 presenteily every one of Uo Feinaing essentially hypothetical tos te the Fallacy of Alsiveniny the Gonsenucnt at the port desiqin of the huinan which defines, Inte= Lite the cirenmstanee that 1 implicit in seientitie end, prevents finaly valid prowt, a (atements of iketihuod 4B greater or lesser degree af probubitity. ’ are {acts, actually they remain hypotheses. Here the position is reversed. Version actually are facts but a theses for the read facts to be Assertedly they The statements of ts sertedly they constitute hyo + Me is urged to consiser thorn, not ne facts te Ve accepted hut se hypotheses tw bw tnventigateds Phat is uot the cane when chemistry tells us tll woler MgO we rs expected to accept the statement without farther deka although it is very doubt(al indeed that the expression, ’ 120. is a valid one in any real i saynere t nil final sense, But when we trod er vee, we nwither wai REE Derm suyone to Recep tat etter fob tte Sone we asacet that no one is properly entitied to pat fo the statement a6 being correct until for hinoasit he hasnt eed its truth and confirmed ils eorrectnese i Experience, checked and counter-cheched Binning no one can properly d e ins lo $0, we insist that the position Fee main hypothetical for the reader, since that is his sitet Gee The contrast, then, is this: for the rea fie wae Hons are claimed to be facts but actually they ace ippothcncen for the reader om but actually they are facts, ; nel fhe has reas his own personal Because at the be- der scientific asser- 53THE ORAGEAN VERSION We shall now explore the Local Map a little further and dis~ cover how the reader comes to be in his present position of being for the moment Incompetent to verify the facts. "We have been considering the nature of human beings only Insofar as they are Sctually found to be (in their present condition) but we have by fo Meana completed even a brief survey of the situation, We have Taid down the fandamental human design but we have yet to ex: plore the currently functioning state in which this design 1s found to be operating. That shall be our next inquiry. 3 ‘Such an exploration moy be begun by a consideration of {une tlonantypens Aa Is obvious from the words themselves, functional typee ave distinguished from each other by reason of the different predominant functions which they manifest, . Thus one man may be er practical type, another of emotional type, and a third intellectual fn types The athlete and the business niin are examples of the ye yper a Babe Ruth or an Andrew Carnegie. Artists and re- Tigiontsts ave of the second type, a Rodin, a Calvin, Plato, a philosopher, of Campton, scientist, furnishes an instance of The third type, These types are taken {rom the actnal manites tations of human life which in fact we sce about ws but 1 will be Ciigent without diseussten that, in thefr behavior, they corres pond to the three centres previously described. 1 fs ar if the Metentist were the objectification of one centre only, the axtist Ghat of another single centre, nnd so on, Gav ordinary ebservation, however, assures us tht this is not co. We know that the xcientist is capable of experiencing setctten, and frequently docs; we also knew that he can perforin Practicel nets, such as coting and providing himself with sheller, Tar example. So alsa with the other chief function! typers they conc tnd do, engage In activities characteristic of other types {iad theis ewn, The Jistinction rests ypon their peederinent mode of Uehevior, upon the ways ia which they manifent themselves Fost of the time, ‘Theee typical ways of behaving, usually asso~ Chated with a life-occupation, in almost all cases present us Sith the possibility of a clascifiention sufficiently sccurate to Po tanted correct. Of course iL ix not necessary that a inan be an Sitstanding philosopher or an extremely sucessful buviness man teSndcr tat he be classed with the relevant type; it 4s not the de~ gree of competence that determines functional type but simply the Beet of predominant activity or the kind of ability usually exer~ Uived, whatever its degree. Tha very small number of cases, expecially in the instance of a person of leisure where gainful eceugation offers no criterion, [If] the application of this classification may not at once be apparent. Fo cen mors Atalle?t fequiry will almost always soon, \ \ | \ ‘THE ORAGEAN VERSION disclose the subject's type, for if his interests, his abilities and He activities should indeed be divided ameng the typieal human iproximately equal amount, such a person would functions in ap fina himself, on his own level of being. to be relatively nornial, Joie most unlikely that any reader has ever encomlered such a percons if outwardly it may have seemed so, that wns only for vert ot an adequately searching Investigation. For though these seen inain types inay be further classified into many subslivisions, chr of us fall really into one or another of them. There have been innumerable attenpts, on the part of rcien> Ciats ond others, ta clessify nenkind inte varions types by means af specially selected eriteria, sone of which have Leen shrew! end ca eeeeat while athere have displayed no nore then phontusy, | I oor iace there have Been advanced the sovcal led sonatetynes of Tedd Lo endonerpha, neronorpht and ectonerphs «= deriving, [rom Senet sigerniolegical distinctions of Kretachacr and. fhe soe ete Mrene, the parely subjective scetegories of vntreve’( sere toverts pleasing 10 psyehoonslystz. Glandular funct im h Se ceoeecented by sone or the basis of Ina types, by others Het ee eter ee etary nett of wavironnensal behaover and By seen aee ire een detrees of practical comnetence et Pere eae y tints hy these neone there 3008 Betacam Afferent i a teaictinny confroncing the tngnirer eee ee ieee ap modern psychology in atl of tte suldiviscony ‘The evident fnult with even the best of these attempts is that the criteria selected are nol fundanentatly characteristic of man. This may be either because they refer to part-functions or to dtructural subdivisions which in Uieinsclves are not solely oF Egocittially human, of else it may be because the selected criteria sre merely suijectively plausible or sometimes outrighlly phi tustic, ‘The three main functional types here descriled do not welfer from cither ef the foregoing limitations, Sinee their crix teria comnprise exactly the three chicl functions by which man himeeit fs defined, to the one hand they are easily and speedily Tecogninible in subjective experience and to the other they are based firmly upon the objective structural divisions of the human organisin, ‘This Lrie! excursus into the question of types is not only justl= fied, but deinanded, by the requirements of the present Version, be fan acceptable one =~ even though it may be fully adequate In « nd functional prisnary since one of its leading principles is that no formulation pocitive renee -- unicaa it is prepared also, ina negative sense, fo show the inadequacies of all rival position: ‘The first point to strike us aboul these three main functional types is conflict, The scientist's emotions do not assist his for~v'temlations bet, Ina(ead, interfere with thom. The buslnesa me Tinslintes spseulutive thoughts acon comen to fear Ite an intruding infutectopos his effortey tnd the avtist or the genuine religtoniat ee RSe ee numponec) ation irwscil to be diverted from the pur= Tuite which Teselnate him, by any consideration of mundane practi Eye "tese sprositions between the centres functioning within Thebes are vuivroved eecurstely im external hostilities, The #ym= howe Conurer Iewka with scorn upon the mere finaneler, the Mitte (will nowadays a single reservation aa to possible practical Upshots) considers the theoretical scientist to be an invelved and settiny nonentity; and the phitesopher looks down ror wat he fnapines tobe his intellectual heights opon activities of other Line All thi Ta quite different from the inevitable jenlowsien and TiSE cuperienced by the less coinyetent oward the miore com felent in ony given field; men of equal conyjetence in different pr veeey ticity often object to ench other, not at all Deenuse of any revconal envy bat rather as-a result of thelr hidden convictions That the offerte ability te not a6 genuinely oF w typically han a6 his own, Trocms/any social potnt of view nothing could ye mors pre~ Whe evident that mutual respect and cooperation 9 tere ast on behuit of some sbutraction called ueciely Sutin the imereste of the men themectves. Indeed this conflict ovary men of different types is one of the Chel retianees of the Ming politicians of he democratic and aceialiatie stages of oclety wherteek amecasingly to set one elaas against another te the end of profiting personally fiom the ensuing turmoil. Dut for ich external hoctitilies are us it is necessary to understand that su: teclinony to the interior conflict hetween centres within ty theinselves, that they present evidence of a mutual interference taking place as between and among the three primary subdivisions of the human being's own veonviny. Here is = purzle indeed! The very term,,organism, is applied toa living body whose purls by definition make up » congruous whole; and in the Instance of the human organism (so obviously signed as « machine whose parts should act in an harmonious coeperation) what explanation can there be for precisely the opposite phenomenn? The manifest fact is that the organic behavior of the human being is not in accordance with his designed functioning, in other words that he is not functioning but, instead, 1s malfunctioning. By definition he Is, in fact, abnormal, And the explanation is that there exists no control. Even in so simple a machine signed to supply power to lighting and heating syst sary to Include a governor so that, as the operating load to be drawn from the machine varies with the cutting-in and the cutting dee as an electrical generator, de- ems, it is neces: 56 @ul of different appliances and lights, the motor will speed up or slow down to maintain « comparable output, In the ease of the three-centred human organism It Is necessary that a much more complicated governor should act in order to keep its triple fune= tions balanced, It is not sufficient that the centres be merely con= nected with exch other so that the possibility of i eraction Le present; it Is required further thal this interaction, inevitable because of the designed interconnection, he of an hurinonious and muatually reinfureing sort; and for this a kind of yovernor is needed. Now from the objective point of v w such a governor is in fact present within the human organism, The diffieully renides exactly in the is ineluded in the organic human design and circumstance that it does not function, with th 10h with the result Ut all the other functions it is designed Lo coordinate, manifest a janpling mnaladjastnent ani disrupt the proper aeration of he anaehine: H will be seen later that this nonfunctional regulator or governor is asnociated with that other predaminantly nonfunctional division of the heul-brain, the cerebellum, On the subjective side of the discussion this brings us to the Sie hevels or degrees of conscioumnengs en What do we tmeanwhen we say "I"? Do we really mean any thing? Specifically, da we mean Bir. Socandend af etchant seh an addeess? Many persons assume this bul the pouition cannot be maintained. Ouviousiy it ean happen that Mr. Socand-ko heeones Doe. Sonand-n0 sail continues to nay "I" before, not eeengusing 4 distinction in Hentty any more than does the tne eolirelor And ier more dsc alterations tan hat ca occur, the nies eam change, an requeniy, sa sane iat ean be tenor vied counterpart, Yet one still says dress fallacy inay he disputesed. Wilance Wo its. previons ‘Then surely the nami fact those Ledies? But one can be aware of one's body as = a tome scientific or artistic ability, or with i ngry oF an affection= 87THE ORAGEAN VERSION ate mood? But these are precisely those attributes which are in constant flux and change, and the abilities (even were they as great ‘85 my own opinion of thein) can be, and sometimes are, lost without any interruption of that continuing assertion, “I,"* In general it would seer that what I customarily identify my- self with =- what I ordinarily eal "I" ~~ is not some separate aspect of my organism's activity bul rather a general lmalance of Closely interrelated activities, comprising an integration of mental, emotional ant sensory components simultaneously, It is then but a short step to the error that such an integration may properly be considered as al least a semi-permanent unity. Unfortunately it is not so. We cannot sit down to think without all sorts of unncces~ sary muscular strains interfering with our thoughts; even more uselessly some mental segment arouses an incongruent emotion dy automatic ascociation, and our train of thouglt Is destroyed, In the same ways let us set about some complex physical netivity, perhaps a goll or tennis match, and not only de fears and hopes interfere with our required movements but irrelevant thoughts likewise intrude to upset our coordinations. Sv that such un ima gined unity Js not a unity at all; these integrated states with which we identify ourselves arg a) not harmoniously integrated but in- stead are only temporarily existing imbalances and b) for Unt very reason must be impermnnent and constantly ale ring to en= Airely different imbalances, temporarily integrated in turn. Such ® succession of contrasting imbalances can hardly serve as the valid foundation for » cupervading ident manent than are the integrations themaclven, The point to be brought out, is thai the assumption of w per= manent and steadfast "I" is in fact without current basis; and whatever may be said about it later on, In contemporary actuality “Tis @ genuine delusion. The ordirary ian of woman, you oF I, is not a permanently Integrated individual but a clenr ease of multiple personality. Do ‘we not often go to hed with the firm intention of rising earlier than usual the next day, perhaps in order to accomplish some extra chore that seems to us to be desirable? Yet in the morning the matter preseris an entirely different aspect; and what so little Previously had seemed called for, and even necessary, now takes fon the appearance of a rather foolish triviality and we are easily able to assure ourselves thal the really rexsonable thing to do is to stay abed a bit longer and thus the better fortify ourselves a~ gainst the coming day. But surely these are two separate per= Sonalittes that view the very same question in such contrary ways. Both of them speak of themselves as “I'* without hesitation but they are much too far apart both in their opinions and their Le- haviors for ys to assume that they are merely somewhat different aspects of the same “I"t; indeed they present between them all ation any less iinper= THE ORAGEAN VERSION the stigmata commonly associated with multiple personalily, even if toa lesser degree than do the more sensational eases. Hence arises the suspicion that the evening ing “I"* constitute two separate entities, since in the first ease the identification is with a certain set of feelings, thoughts and inten= tions and in the second with an entirely different Moreover, throuzhout the whole day these varying and frequently contradictory misidentifications take plice, one following anvther without interruption as external situation: 1 and the morn: uit opposite srt, alter ane also as inter a nal conilition and unchanginy the stage in turn gations on behalf of the organiain only liter demanding, discharge painfully and enubarrassingly by quite another “t And provided the render will consent to examine his own exper= jence withouts prieriascumption, he will perhaps find something, StI more disquieting, viz,, Hhat sone of Uene personalitie cious of certain others approach the classi¢ instance of multiple personality wherein one wax and wane, Tastes! of the delusionstly perusa "1" a whole troupe oF multiplicity of *T's" holds it often ppening thal one of these “ls unders takes ob} approximate to being uneor Hore we is totally unconscious of smother and the subject assumes an altogether different character allernately without any intereugnition That is the alleged mark of the various "schizoid" Thot in ordinary life must people cone eles as between thein types lait is evi- dent frum a consideration of behavives while In the (annpurta of romantic love; these ace often unbelievalie ta the vietim fallow recovery. Occusianal states of +: in whieh opinions and inten= tions are held which afterwards seem unree ject, are another cae in point, “Dat 1 coubla’ thing, no matter how angry 1 wus nizih'e to Uke sub= awe saidd such One fewrs iat in one's own ease, ax well as in those of others, he can observe quite clearly this astonishing precession of diseore dant for amo I must be confessed thal this causes small concern, everyone else whom he knows, one ean easily reeopaine very different personalities msnifenting themselves, for instance in discussions with the banker, when relaxing some foro! sunong intimates, at ftair, when exercising some talent inwhich the pers fon is unusually proficient, or sisayly on different days even under Renerally similar circumstances. To call these differing manifestations “automatic roles" (as Presently we shall) cannot alter the question at all. If we grant that in each of us such mulliplicities of “I's are continually elbowing one another aside to hold power briefly unti the exit, then certainly the situation is not normal in any proper Sense. I is quile impossible to assume that such an incongrous Parade of the honest, the unscrupulous, the clownish, the sober, the inept and the competent constitutes the properly functioning de= sign of the human being. Assuredly his organic design is not cone Structed upor += haphe~ in turn they are shown 4 and !-4iscrir iste ap! “ple.THE ORAGEAN VERSION And that Is Just the point. The organte apparatus contains every= thing required in order to obviate all this injurious Jangling and cone Mit; and the trouble lies not in the organic fnetor but in the factor of consciousness, Let us return for a moment {o the threefold anal ysis of the nature of the human being, in which the three basic ele- ments appenred as content of experience, entl-products of neural functioning and the third-force {nctor of consciousness per se OF the mediating factor irrespective of what neural end-product it might be mediating, In this anslysis, as in any other, itis all too easy to make the erroncous nssudsption that the independent factors are existing separately from each other, Theoretically, of course, they may but in that case no human being is given; whenever a human being is, found, the independence of the three contributory factors consists in the incommensurability of their respective contributions to the whole but not at all in any supposed mutual disassociation as among then, Thus the factor of consciousness may be considered by ite sell in an abstract way but, 40 far es concerns « huacn being, itis a factor or aspect of his tolal being and not some separate entily whieh may or may not he present in the presence of the uther two factors, It is necessary to emphasize this heeause, although snaly- sis Is a valuable intellectual tool, it usually brings wilh it the fallacy that what Is analyzed out can therefore be dropped frum the totality of the phenomenon and either itself be considered as separate or the Tesidue be considered as separate, This is not so and in the case of the human being neither consciousness nor any other of the three basic factors ear be dropped without destroying the human being as such. Without organic end-products er without experiential content or without ¢: Precisely the amalgamation of all these three independent elements which comprises and defines him, ‘Thus "I" cannot he identified simply with consciousness alone but only with the totality of which consciousness is an independent but necessarily associated factor. Although there must be a later distinction, for the rnoment we can consider that the proper employment of the teria, "“I'", refers to that totality, . Nevertheless, when we discover sumething seriously wrong about te situation, our analysis proves valuable in pointing to the seat of the trouble, in showing for instance that it resides Primarily not in the organic factor but in the conscious aspect Of the matter. This conclusion arises from the completely pas- Sive role of the conscious factor and is related to the mechani eal automatisin of human beings previously discussed, We have already seen that, ae the human economy actually operates, its neural end-products deterinine the content of ex= perlence likewise, I one admits the undeniable fact that neure= Jogical phenomena along the calcarene fissure of the oceipetal Jobe détermine viaual experience; then it is quite impossible to 60 : 5 THEORAGEAN VERS:0N deny that frontal love phenomena determi nd Insal gangliar (or other apposite) phe: Uional experience, In the absence of sucl no experience at a jos al these locations; the corrolary thot it is delermized there, is inezeapwble, Phantasics and delusions about Free Will tre comfortable phan= tasies and delusions but they are also ires::onal and! abnovia’ that is why they are termed phantnsies and delusions, If one's aim is delusional cumfort, well ani good; 21 if one aspires to some deyree of human normality, these {21s must be laced, As intellectual experience omenn determine emo= enomena there can be and since the experiazce origina regards the actual situation they estibliss va jinportant forimuc ® lation: in the case of the ordinary human Leing consciousness is a purely passive factor; it suffices for s3e trunsforination of neurological phenomena into experientin! suffices for no more, Whats transtormes nevrotopical laws acting through neuroloy! delusion of voluntaricis arises trom the Wat the conscious factor interferes in su inexplicable way, when in fact the netuat enomena, and it is determined by 1 structures and the processes in s of consciousness, is simply ond solely the translation of neerology into the terns of subjective experience, Wis necessary only to state that red! Gefinitely in order to be assailed (rem all Denisl. “Oi course we have Free Will, shrill and angry, others merely astoniahe: matter can be called into question. And ¢ aL it; indeed they are the very protayonist: of the Pauper'e Pare able... . Once there lived a man so disreputably clad and starving that others came to him saying, “Alas, Gat thou art bevett of all wealth (o this extent! For thy Lones stick through thy skin and thy cloak is more holes und patches than jood wool, Behold now, bestir thyself, for coin is to Le had through the ef iorts thou canst make and with that cot, thy dire needz way be remedied."" To which the pauper answered: “legen, ye fools! Are ye so dull uf wit ye cannot see one of reat possessions be= fore ye, who needeth not to ake an undignified serambling after thy petty coins? Begone, for here suall patience shall reward Sophistries and thy twistings of words!" Su then thoze others left him; and not long later his emaciated body was found beside the Foadway, a testimony to the starvation he hid denied. . . . By this story it is intended to Le chown that ne poor man can become wealthy, if, in advance of his efforts to do $0, he is deluded by the notion that he is already a millionaire. It is the ame with WAM, Arguments regarding its possible attainment are bootless in the cases of those who confuse it with the delusion of voluntarism; and since they imagine that they already possess it,ipre fecto they are prevented from taking the first step toward it, ‘A recognition of impotence is the obligatory first step toward strength. ssumption vation eles Ay and des hy the Pauper's j these voices, some that $0 obvicus a it ispuntit they Jook a‘THE ORAGEAN VERSION Such a recognition, however, {a by no means enough, for in= variably It In followed by the fallacy of reform. And from the above description of the mechanical automatism in which we live, it can be seen how empty and hopeless are ell projects of reform. What fg reform? It is the increase of activity of one subdivision of the organism and itt predominantly effective interference in the func~ tioning of other subdivisions, Let us suppose a well-reasoned de~ ‘on to overcome some emotional unpleasantness, 53 tual behavior of deception, Of course It can be done, but it is always done by force; a “determined intention" is brought Into play, the Lying behavior is carefully noted and, whenever it Is noticed, it te tuppresned. Unquestionably a change 1s produced. Yes, but what Change? Just the desired one and no more? Substitution is thus Sehieved but never only destruction, Centre #2 is not abolished Decause certain of its manifestations have been repressed. Perhaps the man now lies to himself instead of, as formerly, to others; per~ haps the lying has been suppressed entirely and the einotional en— ergy: hitherto thus used, now expends itself in some other direc tion, the man suddenly finding himself the victim of unaccustomed timidity and fears; or perhaps the action has been still more drastic and digestive disorders ensue, superficially quite unrelated to any- thing that has occurred but actually the result of it, This is the characteristic pattern of all reform, in which seme end is attained but always at an unknown expense. Expense there always is, for nothing is accomplished at no expense; and when the expense 18 Unknown, dt may be very harmful indeed, In social reform a false freade of virtue is presented to the public at large; in private re= form i is presented to the man himself. And underneath it in both Instances the former vices seeth with their bottled-up energies noy channelled in unsuspected ways. Reform elwayé results in something worse than it cures, - It ie therefore of no value to admit that we are deplorably automatic and mechanical in our functions and then to assert that sre shall change all this, develop our "wills"* and become what we Dbscurely but essentially realize that we ought to be, At bottom fuch s reform is no different {rom all the rest; all of them reflect only the meddling and tyranny of one centre over the others and the fecal is always discord, conflict and interior disruption, jostling Gur organic equipment into farther maladjustments, One centre doce pot understand another, ils sustenance and operation are different, it be not entitled on any grounds to prescribe its own remedies {or another's faults, because itis unable successfully to do s0 by the very nature of the case, ‘The problem we confront here -- the problem of our mechanis cal automatism --"is profound and fundamental, It is also an ex~ tremely subtle problem. Scores of fallacious solutions have been Silered for it, some merely absurd but some of so cleverly, plausible 62. 9 ‘There is.» simile employed in the body of the Gurdjieftian dena horse is Centre #2, oF the emotions: the carrisge is Centre #1, oF wee SP ehatts, enabling him to pull ie abedt, and the driver ie’ ree lated to the horse by the reins, thus lieing in a position to guide the’ along to the goal, All this, of course, in proper conditions ® of the city's amusement centre. This picture ig asserted to be » true one; the rational thing lo do, is not to deny it but ty 1g to do, to deny it but lo investigate Another cimile of the Cragean Version likens the empty word ** to an exiled Prince instead of to the unconscious pussenger, Deprived of his birthright he spends his existence outlawed (rom hie + land (the organism) while a succession of ucurpers arrogates his duties to heelt, Now Centre #3 : "Now Centre #3 beiees control new Contre Aland snon Centre HZ; and even thelr subordinates ape them in usurpation for the members of that whole train of multiple personalities play . out their aortic rules ina degraded succession upon the raviohed one. When thall that Prince awake? When and how will e gathe ibis foreen; eject Ma miserable counterfeits and repuin hight st Pace asthe lepitimate ler of ie oun domaine? nied he needa Merlin, and sorely. His Merlin is the A-\ype know Mentn nd sore (ype knowledge possessed Da these times opp mites apply to us in person? Il Je eaid here th they do, to all of vs, Let the render gather the last eumee of ties cerity he possesses, and then let himm ask himself, Let him catch 63gulmpee, if only « short one, of himeeif as others actually ses Mirnt a slimes jeve geen a partially objective anewer to this question, and he shall no longer doubt. Ne aoe a ckange in demanded, « very arastic change, but + not ay change nor the firet one suggested by desperation oF de 7 na fore change in itself will not avail; reform and sre eaveyment” will effect the opposite of the intended Purpose camp Ee vett be amore closely beset than before, His problem i+ te and he Wa neither quickly nor easily, for let him know, too, that be se tmnena ig He alone, The Universe, oF any of it is not in ae aanericinis quandary: just as he is ~~ mechanical, disrupted. ” terectent, mutomnatle == he Ia serving his allotted function (n he Universe well erough right now. Men, as we find them, are only partially conscious, Moger™ payenclogy, deniing with Actualty, recognizes two chic! 16101 Of aaycavsecbese, sleep and waking. As regards the sleeping sit coneepagy bas developed itr own varieties of the age-old Practice Pa yenoleey Nerpretation, the most widely publicized of which fs the paychoanalytie technique. This ix almost an exact 27210608 (Ee Yoreltectual kind) of the various similar emotional forma (ot an rise prevent time known a8 Voodoo, The latter, having had vont Rderably Longer history, have achieved a greater comD! a eorsiee ih their mamolois and papalois, their many unfragrag) sagt Ttne undead and a great number of twisted “ritees” ine seen ey ihe nobgobling are of a mentally verbalistic (but <2) 65" (raiy pubjective) kind == complexss, ids, represtions, £06, Site vouens latent contents, strangely unreal distinctions Der OcaiPat Peconscious, unconscious, subconscious, and 0 on. 1 teen ere cihene la an underlying substratum of reality, for Bo%% aoe ea hug with real phenomena; also in both cases 9 distevtOg tecorance is employed, the one erotional, the other meniahere Wrinn regard to the waking state, psychology confuses mente) introspection with eonseicuaness, a direct outcome of two clemmentt ieee re cstment uf the problem: 1) # 1ack of knowledge concerning ° tn its (reais or dogeces of conscioutness natural to harman ber see eSeth actualy and potentially: and 2) a failure to analyz¢ BrGP” Cihy tne nature of the human being a such and to reconnes the Specific character of the three primary forces which contribute See tna. "Thus it is not surprising, as roan wanders ia his ace to bis ing tonditioned by the purely passive waking consciousnel oot am sly a lethargic registration of neurological eventt, Treesante mechenieal efforts, intellectual as well a6 others: lead hen merely in widening or contracting circles to the #2106 desti- witlen from which he always sets out, But despite this “mse'c ire oh ee eA ee nan a let’ hemming him In en sil sides, man atill serves aut cio bi function in the Universe, That that purpose te Nature maeer than his own, doce not alter the fact that It fs « purpose. Shit oun purposes semi-Conscious man does not accomplish+ in recent times the United States has entered two world wars, Both times after delay and full debate, On the first occacton We yotvons alleged purpose was to make the world safe for Democracy: . caetis an undoubted fact that for many millions of people the aim wee dsncere and deliberate, whatever reservations their cynical poli Taitieaders may have cherished, Aza result of that war the United tiles itself presently collapsed from Democracy into Socialism and aaanegalms ofits former enemies andallies were transformed into Dietatorshipss In the secondly sentioned var the ain vax to, Lid nkind ond to restore by erate in freedon; end here ogain the Sueittnee of the people wor involved, soon though on thi sete their political coders showed thenselvex (0 be wore Bseital and treacherous than before. The outcone of 1h Conflict har been th second ren then half the fusan rece her becone Cee iq the wont literal tense, while én the thhited Statee ite {ipl in accelerating social decline hes ereaped the Jreedon of till adividuel into the vise of « hardening Socialisn, These see aetce have Ueen taken only breause of their contemporary fmitiarity, for throughout all known history the same has been peated over and over again. Man never accomplishes what be seeest to do; indeed he is fortunate if a failure is his only re~ weit dand if he does not conclude by producing an exactly opposite effect to that intended. But though his own purposes plainly enough are not served, it be impossible to deny that mankind sBrves other functions whose shape saeetnown to him, Surely no one any longer supposes that mon ie 2 special creation in this Universe, that he is some sort of “une aatural'! creature, an incredibly exceptional intruder in the immen= tity of all created things. The only rational ground for euch > #uPs crutition wor the assertion that man alone possessed consciousnes® Ghereae nothing else did; and we have just seen that the most astute wOherents of this dogma know little or nothing avout the nature of Consciousness themselves, In an opposite sense we have alrendy Secopnined thet man is an integral part ofthe Universe and we have qwenidentified which part he is: he is an important part of the or= nic kingdorn upon the planet, Earth, As such he manifestly serves 2 natural {unction in the universal economy. Beyond the limits of present historical memory there have al~ ways been stories and fables hinting at the existence of such a site Navion for mankind; fables and allegories are one of the many means adopted by Schools for passing on a concealed knowledge which may yet become available to those in a position to interpret them cor reetly. Yh acquaintance with one of these tales is not unusual today; it” ia the Myth of the Black Sheep. This story is a genuine myth; itt 65'TME ORAGEAN VERSION | ~ not, a4 many naively suppose, merely a litle fairy-tale for the entertainment of children, It containe many authentle elements of Actype knowledge and those elements, moreover, are concealed only tothe extent that we are not directly told to whom the story really refer Ostensibly the tale relates to a shepherd ond his flock of sheep, To the latter the shepherd takes on the aupect of a beneficent being, indeed of » beneficent god, He continually addresses himsel! to their welfare and he employs what ean seem to them (o be only supernatural and unimaginable means to assure thelr safety and to rescue any.of their number who may have the misfortune to wander away and become lost or to fall into some other jeopardy. He leads them to shelter against the cold and he provides thern with the food and other requirements necessary for thelr existence, He takes very good care of them, much better care indeed than they could aseure for themselves, It is therefore no source of wonder that they should look upon him as genuinely concerned with their welfare and ente! tain toward him feelings of gratefal awe, : The shepherd himself, however, has purposes in relation to these sheep of which they are unaware, These purposes would much astonish the sheep if the latter were to know of them: they are con= cerned first with a supply of wool, and later with a supply of mattoo, In fact the sheep have somewhat seriously mistaken the shepherd: motives, for his care of them is occasioned primarily by consid= erations that the wool should be thick and useful for human (not animal) protection and that the mest should be well-nourished and tender when it is finally brought to market. These values, held by the shepherd and the real cautes of his behavior, relate to matters entirely beyond either the knowledge or the comprehension of the ordinary sheep, The ordinary sheep, as can be seen ata glance, is white. He and his fellows, as alike as so many peas ina pod, mace up the vast majority of the sheep population, But very occasionally at, long intervals there appears an unuzual sort of sheep whose pres= ence can also be noted at a glance, for this is a Mack sheep, The black sheep is both more sceptical and far eleverer than the or- dinary member of the flock and, while taking care to present an appearance of conformity in his daily sheeplike behavior, he is all the time directing his attention toward little anomalies which seem to contradict the general views held by his companions. The annual shearing, for instance, is certainly done at a time of year when the sheep will be least discommoded by it; yet it really seems a strange Proceeding and, upon serious reflection, one that can scarcely be thought of as motivated primarily by a concern for the sheeps* com= fort. The black sheep also speculates upon the problem raised by the unaccounted-for disappearances of his compatriots just when ~ they have reached thelr manifest prime; and he explores various 1 66 THE ORACEAN VERSION - hypotheses In an endeavor to explain to himself these peculiar happenings. Many a black sheep never arrives at any satisfactory conclusions upon these questions before his own turn at the buteher'a comes around but very, very oceasionally some unusually clever specimen contrives to sce what he should not see or to overhear a conversation at which he is not presumed to be present. Aad thue he learns the secret, We may imagine his consternation as the truth becomes known to him. The sitvation is nol only a shocking surprise, it is also so contrary to established opinions und convictions as to overturn them completely. Every seriously held life-view concerning sheephood is destroyed ata stroke, And supposing the sheep lo experience some feclitg of solidarity with his paler brothers, we may neat ima= gine his concern to share with them the information he has dis covered regarding their desperate circumstances. A large peopor= tion of the black sheep who have by some chance reached this peeks tion, do not proceed beyond it, for hastily to blurt out the dreadful news not only arouses the disapproving incredulity of the other sheep but is calculated likewise to bring matters to the attention of the shepherd. There is a ready means at hand to quash such sub. versive activity: it consists in 9 premature trip to the slaughter. house, inevitable later in any case for this remarkable fellow who is both too clever and yet not guite clever enough, SUM, at very long intervals indeed, there does occur a black sheep of such outstanding acumen thal he avoids this pitfall, too, and is thrown back upon the most sober consideration of what to do for the best. Such a sheep has lost his peace of mind once and tor ail: and he soon comes to realize that in his extreimity nothing will suffice except to add an equal degree of courage to the intelligence which hae brought hitn to his presert pass. To remain where he ies is certain death, even (in his own conditions) a sort of deliberate suiciée, But what then is he todo? It would be difficult enough to escape the watchful eye of the shepherd and, even if such # miracle . Mere accomplished, where could he find fodder to keep himself alive or sheller froin the winter which he likewise knew will eurely Some All these necessities have always been provided for hi fe lacks any knowledge himael! as to how to go nboct obtaining emmy Woutd it perhaps be better to forget the whole thing, 19 enrey ea In many respects obviously suited to shecphood and to revign hiaas Seif to the fate which will overtake him only lite sooner hee Property, in any case? And 40, finally, we may tmogine fa chat Miralts our sheep struggles with these siternotteee, A the end of the fable we are told of the black sheep which eamme te a final decision. “Having waited interminably lor t poceible ope Portunity, that black sheep disappeared one dark night feom the sold 3nd could not thereatter be found. It had eacapeds Ss We soe ld told what happened to it after that, 67‘THE ORAGEAN VE! Tria Myth, incidentally, Is said to have deen put Into public circulation originally by that School which flourished for a thme in medieval Europe and two other of whose productions were the ear= Mer Gothic cathedrals and the Orders of Chivalry, The true name of the School, which itself stocd behind these different activities and directed them, is not disclosed, Certain points about the allegory are evident enough. The sheep, of course, correspond to the human race of which we are member: And the black sheep is that extraordinary person whose pronounce- ments are too difficult or too unpleasant to our tastes to be accept able (o investigation, even if we experience the profound unlikli- hood of ever meeling with him, But what is the hidden horror he 1s endeavoring te communicate to us? What, in our case, is the wool and mutton of the fable? Who is the ambiguous shepherd? These are the questions, specifically, which the Myth is de= signed to arouse in those whom it reaches and who also by chance possess # Magnetic Centre, And it does indeed stimulate those queries; but it does not answer them, Here we are concerned with the anawere, no longer veiled or speculative. And first we shall give the answers, which are both literal and part of the Local Mapj then for their explanation we shall have to take a further glance at the Greater Map, for it is there that their reason lies. ‘The black sheep's secret is this: that our lives have nothing to do with our personal aspirations or desires; that we are born. land live because death must follow life; and that in death we pro vide a kind of food required in the economy of the Universe, which nothing else can provide, The wool and mutton of the Myth are our literal physical bodies, in which during life certain purely physical substances are accumulated, quite unconsciously upon our part, substances that, when aulomatically released at our deaths, will furnish ingredients required by the cosmic machine, These substances are altogether physical in characte: but they belong to the realm of physics rather than to that of chemistry; their nature is electromagnetic, He have olecady seen thet the third factor comprising the husen orgenisn ie the steady-state D.C. organic field which eccounte for the Biological organization of the specific mon. This absireetion; it G4 e physical field end it ie « forces ining ae the organising or patterning foctor with the other too factors cospriing the huasn orgenisa it furnishes the phenowenon of hunan Life end, by the reciprocal action of Lifecbehavior and of Liferesperience Back upon (taelf (ef. the reciprocal ection betyeen site end constructions in the case of the city), i¢ ie further ene iched in the tense of coaplesity, during the lifecprocesss then field sinultoncously vere ia really the only reliable criterion of physical a that the organic field corresponds 10 consciousness does not eecoapany it and it One aay gu Prannef Buddhie 68 -Uohptex concatenetion of force | FUE ORAGEAR VERSION Ae op ne forth emer Waar riteratty, maf Eneray. it cannot ion ah Soacakeres “he hal dren when no longer sotated with « physical body, ive., when ve die, For plointy TAEDA, it resoing on eleaeat oaong ell the other physical ele UP Nature and at once establishes @ new relation with the operat of the phy But what of the shepherd? Who is he? In the Myth he did not stand for mankind in general in relation to the sheep; Instead, he was a specific man, In the same way, the tale dealt not with ail sheep but with a specific flock of sheep. Mankind on this planet is not the entire human race for, if s0, we could never have Known a Buddha or a Crist, by their own original accounts messen= gers not from heaven but from elsewhere in this universe. And Just as the sheep could sce the shepherd well enough but did hot Understand at all what he was, so we can, and do, sve our shepherd © slmost every day without the slightest recognition of his real role in our lives, He is not an abstraction nor is he a generality; he is, no such thing as Nature in general or Nature with » capital N, he ig a specific and concrete part of Nature. For men on this planet their shepherd is the Moon, And because the Moon is epecific to this planet, the black sheep's secret is specific to this planet, too. 1 will not do, however, to consider the Moon as a kind of devil, Devils are no more than the inventions of romanticists and there are no authentic devils in this universe, although it is true that Nature may properly be called our Evil Stepmother. Ina perfectly proper sense it is Nature which exiles man from hie high destiny and keeps him in his exile, Nature here is to be considered in her most general aspects, not only in those aspects” of man's own nature which continually prevent his awakening from Lis usual semi-conscious state but also in those aspects of the mechanical operation of the universe which contribute to man’ meckanicality and automatism, The immediate manifestation of the latter aspects for us upon the Earth is man's Bad Shepherd, the Moon. For further explanation it will now be necescary to approach the field of cosmogony, to consult the Greater Map and to consider aia View of the operation of the cosmic machine. As to thin cosmegony one would nol expect, or hope, it to be of the wsusl Philosophie kind, In the latter very numerous hypotheses exist, all of them mechanical, which seek to account in different ways for the formation of nebulae, of galaxies, or solar aystemns, #nd 30 on; in most of them an attempt tz made to construct this enor= mous instrument o tool (Cor that le what the Universe is) {rom the bottom upwards as it were, by deriving it from undifferentiated oeTHE ORAGEAN VERSION elements which are supposed by some means lo have coagulated into atoms, to have coalesced into burning masses of vapor which, sn turn, have condensed into planets and suns and eventually into the whole arrangement as now partially seen, All this, or course, entirely without any accompanying element of consciousness, for modern rationalists, both *eientists and philosophers, are afraid of consciousness, very much afraid of it, But the facts! are somewhat different than as seen by them. As to the creation of the external universe an account of it will be given much later but it may be said at once that it is no mnirage 43 Ia Chiristian Science, that it is completely and finally physienl in the usual meaning of that terin and that everything in ft c~ including human thoughts, “idenls,"* and emotions == is alee physical without any exceptions oF loopholes. ut equally the Universe is an tates gration of the same three fundamental foreen which comprise a human Ueing, and among those forces the factor of consciousness is included ns the third of the forces involved. Naturally thie docs not mean that you can carry on an intelligible conversation with» stone oF even with a tree but it doce mean that any purely mecha cal interpretation of cosmogony is mistaken, The point now to be considered in a specific derivation of this general view. The usual malern cosmogenist looks upon the Unt verse as dying, and for a time kilempted to support Ii position Uy references to the Second Law of Thermodynanics. The Moon fs dead, the Earth ie dying, the Sun itnell is genduclly Jouing, its heat-energy and some time wil cool to the present tenpersture of the Eerth, Although the time 48 far distant, and we need not worry about it personally, the final upshol muet le n dea level Stale im which Uhe sirallest energy-trannfér bweores a seileconten diction and all differentiated forms of matter have been reduced te homoyreneous uniformity, it ig not without siguifieanee that this deomocratic-socialistic view of Kature has appenred exuctly within those social systems which themsclven are undergoing a demo craticesociatistic decline. The statement of this Version is opposite in ineaning. The de ivation is from alive to below, froin the top to the butlern, fromm the complex to the simple, At this point we need cousider it only {n brief outline, We depin with the Universe-as-a-whole. Them from the Universe are derived the gulusies, the various Milky Ways; within these in turn suns and solar systems are differentiated. From suns planeta are derived, from planets their satellites or moons, The direction of energy-transformation, more and more diluted in the sense of progressively slower vibration. tates te the Process continues, (s from the Sun-Absolute to the suiciliies, But euch degression ts not uniform: it proceeds through oc- lavic intervals, A single succession of this kind would compria. the line from Sun-Absolute to Galaxies (or universe) to ‘Milky Way THE ORAGEAN VERSION to Sun to Planetary System to Earth to Moon, This succession is an inve and furthermore each separate singe or note in itis alse Q {; the entire series of energy-transformation: we within ise) aoe i phenomena vaprlses a tremendously complieated train of ectavic caer ‘only with the great, fundamental octave of the whole acres h 1 ya special term is attached to universe, In this immense extensi ninco the path from Sun-Absolute to any given individual satel 5 such a specific energy-path is called a Cosmic Ray. sun) UNIVERSE Satellites Figure 4, Diugriminatic Representation of « Cosmic Ray. ays is considered not only as Each of these countless Cosmic Ray: vas a path of energy transformation but as a line of growth, They rep: {the more and more intricate branchings of the limbs from the cara ch we find ouraelven conctudes with the present Moon: and demic cosmological ents a reversal of the a) Zeon that tits view presents a ej according to the present formulation the Moon soine time picture; according a Hall Leceine 9 planet of similar status to tat of the present Batt the latter wall eventually attein the position of a sun, the centre of nuingrous surrounding planets developed from satellites yet to exists of which the Moon will be one, These satellites-Lecome-plancts wi In turn develop other satellites of their own and thus the growth pro cess will be carried on, I is therefore shown that an immense eriergy output is required along the path of the Cosmic Ray, since growth also must be provided for in addition to the main~ tainance of what has already grown; and in the relevant trans~THE ORAGEAN VERSION formation of that energy human beings quite unconsciously play” a large part, So large a part indeed that their involuntary contribution to the process becomes of relative importance ond its failure might threaten seriously to disrupt the arrangeinent, as we shall see shortly when the function they fulfill, ¢ identified, For, although the above destiny ie the normal and jroper one for satellites and Planeta, its successful outcome is not gueranteed, AN life and growth is in part an unpredictable adventure and if, for instance, the human portion of the Organic Kingdom upon the planet, Earthy should succeed in destroying Itself in the prosecution of its blind antagonisms, the supply of that particular energy which it fur~ Rishes to the natural economy u! the Moon, would be cut off, This circumstance provides the hum “race wilh a certain importance, althouyh not precisely of the kind which It customarily supposes” Mf to possess. The energy-transformations along Cosmic Rays will be dealt with Ina Inter chapter; it fs here necessary to remark only upon fone characteristic of their large octavic design. In this again the (wo inherent intervals are encountered, at which points a novel, foreign or extraneous influence must Ue introduced in order that the required energy-transformation may take place. We shall not now discuss the first interval between the superior “ot and the immediately below it, the interval, that is to say, Letween the Ab= solute and the galaxies considered as a whole or the Universe. It is the interval at the neighborhood ef the note, ‘fa," which bears upon the present point. To make this clear we set out the full cosmic octave, although very many of ils relations will not be understood ae ye Do Positive Absolute st Galaxies LA Milky Way. SOL, Sun 7 FA Planetary System MI Earth RE + Moon DO ~~ Negative Absolute The position, ‘fa," locates the question at issue now. Between ‘fa" and the ‘mi" Lelow exists the gap or interval which must be | bridged if the energy-transformations originating (rom the Positive Absolute are to be carried below the phenomena of planctary sy tems and to permit of the further phenomena which, when estab- lished, will constitute the growing end of the Cosmic Ray. The cosmic device adopted to this end consists in the existence of Or- ganic Kingdoms on the surfaces of planets, Through the operations 12 THE ORAGEAN VERSION of an entire organic kingdom the energies received at the Earth's surface from the Milky Way, from the Sun and {rom the combined influences of the other planets of our system are absorbed, trans~ formed and again passed on in changed form ta the Moon, for its demanded nourishment and growth. We have already remarked upon what the contribution of the huniin portion of our Organic Kingdom ray be, This interposition of Organic Kingdoms between the given cont tuent clements or given successive cosmic levels of the Universe is also necessary to the universal feeding process of the whole 5 a reciprocal, very complicated process of that kind which con tinvally goes forward throughout the entire Universe, keeping it in # perpetual balance and activity; it applies not only within the timits +0f an Organic Kingdom, within which a delicute tiilance fs inaintained among the various species which are the naturally respective prey of each ather, but a comparable sort of reciprocal feeding is in- stituted throughout the whole manifested Iteality. The F know, is not overrun by certain insects for this very re Bermuda, for instance, the ants are enten Ly the cockroaches and the cockronches are eaten by the spiders; and in any loenlity, when these balances are upset (minslly by seine artifice of the ignorance Gr of the meddling of semiconceions mun), very serious results n= crop failures due tw sudde outbyeak of pest propa= gation oF to sei: wnexpeetdl inere: Such balunees, however, are not confined only to the phenomena of Organic Kingdoms sud they pervade and maintain the uperation of the fut! univercal econemy. Often we de nat see the ends of th trains of reciprocal ferding in either direction and assume erron= cously that they are both more cireumserived and focal than they are. In our uwn case much of the Earth's Organic Kingdom feeds n directly or indirectly. Man in turn feeds the Moon, as well as enrich These are the real, objective functions which man serves in + the economy of Nature whether he knows it or not, these transfor= mations of cosmic energies through his ewn ile-process aid, at sing on of such accumulated und transformed energies, which are drawn loward the Moon automaticaly at his death, For there se in soil erosion, andl iv on, ny the planet's soil by his Lody's inevitable decay. its conclusion, the There is nothing too astounding in the situation, for it has long Leen known, by perfectly ordinary inewns, that the human of= Ranism is primarily a device for the transformation of what are Called electrical energies, The fuller information, however, ean= not but effect a radicsl alteration in our custernary values, es- Pecially as concerns those extraordinary persons often called Beniuses, psychics, and those endowed with what are supposed to be great and remarkable talents. For the more extraordinary such persons may be considered, the more are they ipro fecto the more valuable slaves of the Moon, it being plain that the greater a‘THE ORAGEAN VERSION the amount of energics down-graded in these more complex nervous systems during lifetime the richer ix the energy-supply projected toward the satellite at their deaths, as compared with the cases of ordinary people. This is one -- but only one ~~ of the reasons for which iis said in this Version that the path to developnrent is from the extraordinary through the ordinary to the normal. Mf one has the ininfortune to be “an extraordinary man", then first he must become ordinary before an opportunity is at all open to him to become normal, }t is neither mere superstition nor mere ignorance which hag given the Moon's name, in an objective sense, to lunatics, For the Moon is the real mainspring of human activity on this « planet, it is the great pendulum imparting motion to all the doings of semiconscious men, Their greatest heroisins and their greatest crimes are cqually the outcome of their lunar-motivated sleep. That they are asleep is yet to be shown, and literally s0; but that shall come at its proper place in the narrative, This is the Actual about men as regards Cosmogony, that though unwittingly they are nonetheless objectively the mechanical slwves fof the Moon, Not only so but the more powerful the dictator, the more fanatic and successful the religionist, the more renowned the ; philosopher, the more celebrated the mathematical genius, by this i very token the more is he the Moon's slave. ‘The Potential concerning man is of course another matter. 5. . Dut first it must be understood that under no conditions al any time or al any place can man escape serving the Universe; that i ie cnn never, even poleatially, avoid fulfilling some cosmological function, His potentiality here consists only in the remote possi- bility of « choice, For in serving the Moon, ns he actually dors, there is no purpose of his own that is likewise served. Willy- nilly he provides the woel and the mutton of the Moon's nourish- ment and in doing #0 he provides no by-product for his own use, too; no matter how shrewd his glance may appear to the casual,observer, his face is the blank and bleating countenance of the empty-cyed white sheep. It will be worth while just here to notice a few of the many mechanisms that are employed in order to keep man in his impotent Bondage. That these means are attributed elsewhere to have origi nated from a higher lype of intelligence than his own, will be re~ marked upon later but now it is of more importance to sce,what they are, ‘The firat and the greatest of them is man's inability to ace reality other than upside down, If a thing is objectively large, he must see {tas apparently small; if indeed it is high, to him it, must look low; if any matter has a genuine, and even a final, impor- tance to him in objective fact, then he {s constrained to view itas a THE ORAGEAN VERSION aasing and t (not as the outright nonsense of Pra ae circumstance in not duc to eaprice of Lo chance but 1 feet Hoceasloned by contempurary man's possession af €re- seeeAyaotogical fneuity whose specific eperation is the reversal ar any observed rath ivial consideration, n tet us tube the Scientific ds one instance of such opera pottery Uibesdy centioned., Than sotentists no other group of em Feed thnratece upon the rper,ond rationality of thete or eee eda their declniquets. The aust extrene ond ingentous sects bf unpredictable vortutlen, egninet the wutnel Gleturtions or bech-e{fects of the ins trunent tion aoe eneey the mpersonnel error” has been aeticulonsly sorted Sener een esary cornet tions nade Jor ite The sethod (4 Ber Teekels tan Fenton, ne prejudicial influeners ore permitted seen Sad the whole progress foun the first step of the hyp Treats tothe final ites of sovcolled proof ts subjected te the retest ond tant peunstaking eritieisn, Ant at the heart of Meat chtire proceeding lies a logical fallacy, aa errer ef reasons TEAS abd the emcees etther of Logie ef ef reoton. That sey case neientiat (ond, there ere aany) could reat content {0 Ree ee OL ef thes de zs Gs indeed incaplicable. ae ene ee eesttes that is, untilce teke account of the reality- Veversing focalty implicit in the + Fev latter eeidencen extat of the pre of thet Jocalty. interferences conteious huaun brain nee and nude of eperation Asa further ilustration and as an exeanplification of this very faculty we luke a term long famous among occullists of the Eastern persuvsion and students of mistaken Nwdidhistic lore, The word is Kamislini and by such persons it is considered to denote a priceless facully whose least resull is great inspiration and which may even lead to flashes of cosmic consciousness or, when developed, to Lon~ ger periods of the same, during which states tremendous objective truths may be known to the subject, The phys pilestation of this faculty 13 alleged lo consist in a sort of fire originating at Ue base of the spinal colunin and Useuce rising ina kind of tide of itiamination to invade the higher levels of the nervous system) and there are frequent attempts to conceal the exact nature of the assert ed phenomenon and to clothe its precise operation in mystery In fae! Ie is that attribute in man which prevents his observation of reulity 95 it is and which provides and enfurces his seeing of everything upside Gown and in Inverse relationships. Mon thus perceives the elen phantas the flea and the flea as the elephant, i.c., he supposes the Targe to be small and the small large, most especially in the realm of values. In one of the genuine (non-occult) traditions we are told that eal mn Kundalini is nearly the reverse of all this.THE ORAGEAN VERSION - this attribute was first forced upon man from outside and that the method of doing ro was purely physiological: due to the sort of air he breathed, an actual organic change took place newr the base of the spine of such a kind as to affect the ncur ological functioning of the orgunisin in the mentioned sense. The purpose was xo to dil tort his perception of reality as to prevent one otherwise inevitable result of man's developing mechanical reason, viz., his premature realization of the fact that his existence primarily was of use to something foreign to his nature and his resulting effort s to fru trate or to escape from such use of himself. Later the necessity _for this distortion disappeared; and by means similar to its for~ mation the organic alteration was made to atrophy. Man now is born fully normal, Dut the effeets of the oceul~ tists! Kundalini are earried forward (ron generation to generation by the mechanism of social inheritance, that i successive generations by their own parents in this abnormality, an abnorinality which the parents inevitably have received, in the same subjective fachion, from their own progenitors Now what is Kundalini, actually? Iisa real facully, true enough, and ils correct name, as used in this Version, is Kunda~ Wulfer; it is one part, the discazed part, of the general psycholo~ gical faculty of tmagination, This brings us te an analysis of that function and to a distinction related to the one previously maie be~ tween Reality and Unreality. Imagination may Le divided into two separate faculties, Real Imagination and Phantasy, Rea} Imagination iy imagination about, oF concerned with, rent things, One Is exarcising thr fucully of Real Imagination if in-considering a standing lamp, for example, one reflects upon the real nature of the materials composing, upon the actual methods by which those materials have been tained from mines and processed in factories, upon the theories of vision and the deduced purposes for which the lamp has been constructed, upon its various potential uses, upon its place in economics as an article of merchandise und in relution to the by the training of persons employed in its manufacture and sale and their recom~ pense for these labors, and upon further aspects of the real lamp too many to be ‘enumerated here, Not only in moments of Sdlencss but during the homelicst of tasks Real Imagination may be exercised; when washing the dinner dishes one may be con= sidering the nature of dishes in human life, the reasons for their invention and the same aspects of these particular dishes as have been suggested in connection with the lamp. But does one? One docs not. Instead, the washing proceeds most in the absence of any consciousness at all, what little there may be being concerned with a hazy succession of daydreams; Mf“. there be any connection at all with the dishes, these daydreams deal * with the Impressions, good or bad, which the dishes might make up= 6 THE ORAGEAN VERSION on persons who in fact will never sce them, and more usually the {magination roams haphazardly, creating images retnting to self- ge in so menial importance or vanity, to the injustice of having to € siRere at all and to all the desteatie, though quite impossibte, Things that one might otherwise be doing instead, This sort of per~ formance is the kergel from which “creative iamgination™” grows eo mineh, when more fully developed, is supposed to eventuate in ihe production of “works of great art.” I does indeed produce most bl our contemporary bogus art in fields from writing to painting ghd music; bul as to its heing Imagination of a creative type, it Is fo such thing, Tis pure and simple Phi of the {auction of Kou! Imagination, Kundubuffer is Uhe term used in is Version to apply to that actual function of a diceased kind go prevalent among all of us and Gr uhich some of us phantastically beast, It is the real name of jously called Kundalini. But of courte, objectively, Kundabutfer fulfills a certain par~ pose in huinan life aild produces an effect more cxusily to he appre Tinted in the cases of others than of eurselves. It engenders and Serves the process called Sel{-Calming. For no man's life is ex- pedlally easy upon this planet (even though you or you may suppose seimcone else's to be) and this everyone encounters a succession Sf auificulties, problems and obstacles as he proceeds wpon his way. It je not customary to look opon there as opportunities for anythin rather ate they viewed as anunerited misfortunes: why should this pe or avoidance Leeumnes prex y involve efforts of sore inedy Ie at hand. Instead and thereatter Masy, Uhe misuse and abuse the facully more cuperst happen to ne 7 In such conditions es: ferable to an authentic solution which n considerable degree; and in Phantasy a 1 of the unpleasant trouble of obtaining 2 real solution of carrying it into effect, there is a departure inte fancivd solutions end imaginary events which will serve to obviate the difficulty with out any efforts of one's own whatever. Although nothing at all is tilected in rezpeet of Realily by these ineffectual phantasies and Irrelevant daydreams, thwy nevertheless serve to relieve the un~ confortable tensions whose norms] purpose is to stimulate exer= Hons likely to overcome the real obstacle, They instste an artificial uneasiness, based upon Unreality but pleasant to the subjects and this is one of the ways in which Phantasy promotes the abnormal process of Self-Calming in the ordinary man. Moreover, being rooted in Unreality itself, Phantasy renders man more and more subject to an upside down or reversed view of Reality, the more often he indulges it, It panders to all manner of abnormal weaknesses of his, such as vanily, self-love, self- importance and the like, which could scarcely survive for five minutes without the demanded reinforcement they continually receive from the Phantastic Imagination. Dut all theee matters that we have just noticed, will be aald nTHE ORAGEAN VERSION to be natural enough. And in fact they are, They are part of Nature's strategems for keeping us in linc, for preventing us from waking up and seeing any item of Reality as it is, and for assuring “that we shall compliantly continue furnishing the wool and mutton required by Nature's young child, the Moon, As for us, the phrase, Mather Nature, is a lying misnomer, and originally a calculated one, Toward us the role of Nnture is not that of an affectionate mother but instead it is that of the ill-disposed step-mother wha from her more powerful position forers us by guile and deceptions to serve her purposes ayningl our own, Nature's trickerles and deccits are entirely beyond the conception of the ordinary man; it is just when he phantasies that he is overcoming her that he is performing as her most abject slave and engorging her offspring, the Noon. Now manifestly this matter is not one in which a simple de will avail; directing curses at the Moon and vowing not to be her Have are only other ways of serving her, a little different from re~ garding her as the symbol of an abnormal sentimentality and 9 con Venient rhyme for spoon"? of ‘teroon"'; but they are still ways. The Hinck Sheep tnust be extremely clever in order to circumvent a situation in which everything he does, is arsaned to lead to single wnpromising conclusion, Itis just here that the real, rather than the phuntistic, Potential for man becomes of interest. In this connection the real human Potential is that man, if he can succeed in Irarning how lo do s0, may Le able to serve the Sun Instead of the Moon, may be able, that is, to ward a level of the Universe higher than that on whieh he fins him= _sclf instend of foward a lower ene, In such a case not only does he continue to fulfill a natural function in the universal economy Lut ia addition he conmences to manufacture by-products of that service which are of great value to himself individually, Not only Nature's aims but his own begin to be accomplished, Tne so-called Meult** of the Sun at On in ancient Egypt was not the superstitious nonsense it [> phantasted to have been by those who do not even sus- pect that they themselves are involuntary Moun-servants: whatever {t became later, originally it was a very serious and practical attempt to effect a remedy for man's dilemuna ‘The situation, then, is this. Actually we serve Nature's lower forces =- the Moon; we have nothing to gain for ourselves by this, we ure merely automatically used and with our deaths we cense forever, having served a purpose we have never even understood. ct his energies to- Potentially, however, we may serve Nature's higher forces, repr sented for us by the Sun; and in this case we have something very waluable to gain for ourselves alto, specifically the development of ome of our real Potentislities ax human beings and the acquisition of certain abilitics now unguessed but genuinely possible for us. ‘The Moon is served automatically and unconsciously but only con scious men can gerve the Sun, So great an alteration in ourselves THE ORAGEAN VERSION is very difficult to understand, let alone to achieve, and In order to jon let us investigate further some of the real potentialities now inherent in man although at present un= actualized by him, tnke a firat step in that direc 6 We have described man as a three-centred or three-brained being and we have earlier located and identified his three Centres, ‘These, since they are in functional operation, are actualities for him, But in addition he possesses three further potential Centres which are physically present in his organism just as it now is. These Centres are potential, not because they are absent but Deenuse at present they are non-functional, that is, their opera tions are not included within his Geld of consciousness nor du they furnish any part of his present content of experience. Me possesses thei Leeause they are parts of his organic body Lut for all practi~ cal purposes he might as well not possess then) so Jong as they do hot function. Before confronting the problem az to huw they may be brought into function, it will be well to see where and what they CORNCO-PONTINE-CEREBELLAR THACT cmrang aa | ean o eqneneusua gi titel F B i A RE sour ¢ bats wert oT LE dawn cncbues frank $a st/sran baits cum ea [hema Figure 5. Cross-section of human organism (from left side) This completes the partial picture presented in Figure 3 and represents the conditions as they now exist, The dotted Centres portray what exists physically but not functionally and the dotted lines Indicate the organic connections now present in the body but ‘lso non-functional because they are not operating. In this actual situation distortions are inevitable; and the double lines show us cerTHE ORAGEAN VERSION tain abnormal interconnections which have developed for the very reason thatthe proper and normal connections are non-operative. It will be scen also that a full octave? Is represented here in outline, including the obstacle-note, fa, between Centres #3 and #4, which corresponds organically to the very large cerebral output which vanishes non-functionally into the cerebellum, Man is In this sense a miniature replica of the Universe but he Is fan incomplete replica in Actuality, that is, within himself he ts un as yet undeveloped universe, The following diagrams repre- sent the case as itis, . Fa aN Mi Sot Re ta si Do Figure 6, Universal Octave Invertibrate e Vegetable a "2 Vertibrate Mineral Monkey Mon Metal Figure 7, Organle Kingdom com THE ORAGEAN VERSION 5 T SIARY Sy, ws Sey earrit suN . { [wet ten Onpnie ) Kinigeom Le2-f Moon MILKY WAY GALAXIES MATTER, Figure 8, Diagrammatic Representation of the Universe from the point of view of the Cosmic Ray. Returning now to Figure 5 (page 79) let us distinguish some of the technical terms referring to this diagram. Centres fl, #2, and #3 are called the Lower Centres, #4, 45, and #6 the Tigher Centres; thus #3 is the lower intellectual centre and #4 Uy higher fntellectual, #2 the lower emotional centre and 05 the higher emo~ tional centre, fl the lower physical centre and £6 the higher physi~ cal centre. All of them of course are, properly speaking, com- pletely phsyieal in a physiological sense. In this Version the term, Intuition, is applied technically to any one of the three fol~ lowing mornentary integrations: between #1 and £3, between Ml and #2, of between #2 and #3. The term, Understanding, denotes only an integration between #4 and K5, for we know that a geunine understanding of any matter simullancously involves an intcllec~ tual component and an emotional component in agreement with cach other, whose fusion gives the characteristic flavor to theTHE ORAGEAN VERSION experience renily denoted by understanding. The above terme will always have those exuct meanings wherever used in this treatise. We have already defined the funétions of the first three cen= res in general terms but may add to those descriptions now. Centre fl contains two large functional subdivisions, called the Moving Centre and the Instinctive Centre. The former is con cerned primarily willr striped muscle response, with the move~ ments of the external musculature and all those reflexes usually stimulated environmentally which evoke the relevant and adequate responses of movement by the organism, either locally or as a whole, The Instinctive Centre is chiefly concerned with the inter for balances and maintainance of the organism and involves the it mediates the multifarious activities of Ulood circulation, digestive processes and alimentary tract phenomena, water and sugar balances within the organism and in general all the processes comprised within the term, homeo~ stasis, In ordinary men the Moving and the Instinctive Centres bre accompanied by consciousness very fragmentarily oF not at all, Centre #2 manifests physically all the emotional states ex= perienced by ordinary men, The subjective names for these Elates 3 dominance, compliance, submiasion, inducement, desire, sutic~ faction, and many more, Some of these are called Negative Emotions and some are termed Positive Emotions, a distinction loo obvious to demand lengthy discussion, expecially since the last two titles are not peewliar to this Version alone, The reper- toire here scems large Decause it includes all manner of composnd and of complex emotions, all of which are built up cither as in= mediate successions of ae simultaneous integrations of only four fundamental and primary emotions in their active or passive phase: actually the range of emotional phenornena possible to the Lower Emotional Centre is basically very limited. In Figure 5, above, the functions of Centres #4, #5, and #6 are respectively designated as Individuality, Consciousness and Will, But at the present point in our discussion those terms cannot be explained satisfactorily in thelr full teclmical meanings and « pre~ liminary statement becomes required. The Higher Intellectual Centre mediates a different kind of thought-process than does the Lower; but since we do not now ex- perience this type of mental activity, it is difficult (o do more than to point toward It by means of defined terms. In the Gurdjieffian System itself the general term for its function Is Constatation, In the Oragean Version the term is Realization, which is selected to Indicate that Gentre #4 deals intellectually with Reality, either with real things or with the real relations between real things, smooth musculature fe many == hate, feur, affection, anger, sentimentality, THE ORAGEAN VERSION ‘Aso, in contrast to the Verb} Logic employed almost entirely by Contre #3, Centre #4 contains the potentialities of a fully de~ voioped Ferrnal Logic, only partiatly eapable of being manifested Anrough #3, and of Objective Logie, which is wot a potentiality of Centre #3 at all. With Centre #5 we mect the same difficulty, that we do not at present experience its activity, Here again we have in our or~ dinory vocabulary words which denote certain of the higher emotions Gnd some persons even imagine that they have experienced the cor~ Fesponding states. Dut actually auch supposition: are Phantasy: the authentic experience of them is ullerly different from the pseudo states with whieh the terms are identified customarily, Some of these terins are Kestasy, Awe, Reverence, and the like, Their Iint reflections do sometimes exist within our experience and that is about all hat can be said of them intelligibly just now, ‘Even lets may be said about Centre 0G. Its Potential is the ability To Do, Of course, if we adopt the fallacy of the Pauper's Parable and faey that even now we possess uny such ability, then we shall never even resnotely comprehend what real Doing is, much Teas ever experience it, It does not resemble the imaginary actions which are actally no more than the revetions we perform in our palf-asivep eondition, Genuine Action is a real huiaan Potential but Lar one, at present the farthest of them all. 1 je necessary, however, Ul iy possibility be stated now, and that the locus of ils mediation be indicated. ‘At this point it will be said Uhat the organic structures connoted as Centres #4, #5 aint 4G do in fact contemporanconsly function, Tis true that they do, but enly in very minor and partial ways, Let for us it is » ver bs consider this question J yA, erganicaliy the cerebellum: Uiis stracture now med= Cente jates cerisin postural reflexes and the responses related to equili= brium, So far as is known, that is all it does; for the rest it is what fs neurologically culled a “silent” area or in other words a pon-functional area, Now let us recall the functions of the core~ bras, occupying the front of the head-brain ex the cerebellum cccapies the reore, One-third of the neurol output of the cerebri Controls, Balences, integrates and activates the operations of elt the rest of the orgonisn, if G2 the operational headquarters of the Complete entitys, Teice ex auch (specifically, two-thirds) of the sone neural output proceeds into the cerebellua end there dekithes Ta ie tenable to reeron that this enormous neurological wilivity is designed ta eventuote only ine few portural end Uuilibsitery reflexes? The single neurological axcertainaent Just nentioned iz folly edequate to desonstrate that potential Cerebellar functions exist of dapressive degree and scone, on the prevent bests let us say nerely to twice the anount of cerebral Jinctionss fn relation to these potentialities the operetions presently perforaed ere alight and minor indeed.THE ORAGEAN VERSION The structure comprising the core of Centre #5 is the heart, whieh now acts either as a vascular pump or simply as x Inrge valve, depending upon which medical view one prefers to take. It also maintains reflex connections with Centre #2 and its action 4s automatically increased or deerensed as an accompaniment of the lower emotional states; in the latter sense it contributes directly and indirectly to the total number of physiological symp- toms of the ower emotions. The statement is made here that the centre of gravity of emotional mediation can, and should, shift froin the solar pleaus to the heart complex, th designed neurologically with the Inlter as the authentic structural centre of emotional function and that only when this is the case, fs the organism functioning normally, When functioning normally, the emotional experience of the human being is naturally of a sort different than when functioning abnormally. The contemporary function of the sexual organization, whether active and male or paxsive and female, i procreation, the physi cal reproduction of the species, This function is very closely sssocinted with the emotional centres, its tentative but broken Connection with Centre #5 arousing genuine love, its substitute connection with Center #2 stimulating the appetitive and abe Rormal emotions of sexval lust, jeulousy, greed, desire and satisfaction, In the nbsence of the properly formed cone tions between Centre #6 and Centres #4 ond #5, the substitute and abe Rormal connections have grown with Centres £2 and 3 and these nre very serious for Inman beings, since they permit the latter centres to steal sex energy, as it were, and {o operate upon a much more intense form of encryy supply than is suitable for then oF Adaptable to thelr proper functions, Abnormal as sexual excesses and perversions are, they do not constilute the real abuse of sex in Ordinary men and women; that veal abuse is the misuse of sex cnorgics through the second ond third centres, which is the actual basis for the other distortions which are only secondary in de~ rivation, and for much further harm to the organisin. The normal, functions of sex energy comprise a whole octave, of which pro creation is but the first and lowest note; and when we realize how momentous that first of its (unctions is, we may well suppose that its highest Is beyond our present apprehension. In brief, then, such are the general functions of the Higher Centres in man, as delineated in the relevant area of this Ver Local Map, We do not as yet know tht these statements are 50, for we are not yet in a position either to confirm or to refute them. They are statements for our future guidance which may come in very valuably at the proper time, when new experiences confuse us and some framework for thelr organization and recognition will be urgently needed, Belore leaving our first view of the Potential for man, another he oreanisin is 84 THE ORAOEAN VERSION he survive with: obtains his supplies of these essen they are ass down through the esophs Etomieh, thenee turough the pylorie sphincter into the duadenur, the 1arge nnd small intestines, and all theee preliminary processes estion are described in awh detail in the physiolory of the alimentary traet., This, of course, hy no metns enrapletes the full Breakdown of the elements that enter the body In this way, for such substances go through many tore teanslormations. during organic metabulism, In regard lo man's actual condition ey furnish most of the elements upon which his Loy is operated, In order to ovoid acedless mitunerstonding ond to obviate icet interpretations in the discussion to follow, it will be describe the fee unacevitoned (eras to be wad, The aegnetie phenoncne ere not at all supernutural they doeccar in the haan body; for centuries folloning the. + Toss of an securatesAnorledge of the phenonenon the tera, “aninal pnetise, " has been used to designate a property of human beings Sich con often be eaperienced vith great vividacee despite its Sbitract seaing. It ts the ensertion here that such phen alt fron the Feections of substonces in the hanen boly of « apect{ie Wiretion-rate rendering then aegnetic in charscter, Such subs tances, as substances, are not readily accessible to the measurements sfvaodern cheatstry end thes their phenoaene are attributed to an SUitraction called nognetiea rather thon ta the reactions ef anetie foras of aatter, But oe do not refer to the phenonene of as “pesconity” and Leave it at thats ve are eble to enelyse such phenonena and we attribute then fo gerea as such, In the vend the phenonena of mugnetisn ore properly attributable te specif ie setters in the magnetic state ond vhen the Cera, nagnetion, be vied a tell here First is wegnetian: “ 85THE ORAGEAN VERSION heres erly ai with the ters, thought: th chin tara ia a short way of indicotin a Uhieh are required for the nourishnent ond aaintoinence Seite of the head-brain in nan and jor vhich, in spite fight they exist, there ere mo nanes in the modern scien The tera, enotion, atands in the sane coves ie tefers slic products required for the operation of the crete teructuren conpetaing Centre #2 and (potentially) Centre 15. serihe terns rex, of course signifies thore finol products of ordine dey food digestion which furnish the substances of tale ef no deni Vifie vocebulery. those ne! thich the spermee Sees the ova are composed, ALL of there ferns will hove the nevacaning, no nester fron viet foodrseurce the substances ney be topplveds Man’! second actual food-source is the air he breathes. It enters through the nostrils and Is carried to the }ungs where com plicnted interchanges take place Deiween its substances and those Brine blood, This is all that is described in elementary phy- sioteyy but of course these substances, too, undergo many further jnetabolic transformations of analyses. Nor is the air we breathe Psimpte substance, it is not all oxygen, for instance; ina single Breath there are included many different gaseous elements and their reception and transformation within the body sre matters of the particular organism's capabilities in this respects Moreover, the proportion of the different elements in the air differs in dif ferent localities, so that when 2 recommendation of a “change of siré is sometimes medically made, we know that this is not always a rere stab in the dark but results (rom » pragmatic nacertain= aaene that in many eases much a change produces noticeable effrets. We are not accustomed to think of man's third food as a cen bine food but actually it fs, In his present state this takes the form Sr sensory impressions which are continuslly present organically, Qhether he be awake or asleep, andwhichare unconditionally re~ Quired for his life-processes. ‘These impressions are considered ote more than the mere activation of organs and nervous steuct= ures, thnt is, they are conaidered ns being composed of specific veellers of a high vibration-rate which in faet enter the body oF, as May be better said in the present state of cornprehiension, a sort of wee oeial encrgy intake ofa kind too subtle for contemporary a eacatifie measurement and identification, The point to be empha Sfaed is that this food-source, also, 8 8 fully and solely physical ae it completes the actual supplies now available to the ordinary sees, and we must remember that the ordinary man Is the highest Kind of man we are ever likely to encounter. Now let us follow the varlous transformations which these dif ferent forme of food undergo within the human ergenisin. "The first fc caters ++ 8 solia. oasses through the liquid state and becomes an hen orelyos the THE ORAGEAN VERSION sce tree sane ine mage, ST Nn Ae Ee Pe nee re ee [008 CO near emotion, thoughts The Wind {oer sverely ther slateimpressions, a cerebral phevomeryh ‘of the general de- cote ae ot tho 7 these various brans- fohiowss a emotion nee jot thous mh ano do thought ta magnetiam re magnetiern ace oom re Hawi do solid eens impressions elated oetnves account Ib will be seen that these interrelated for the entire range of metabolic produce Memanded for the i se, in its present condition. gperation of the organic mechani present condition sae nay octave, that of tie oxdinary food RISES once Wem, ae ei inies first thee notes aviornatiealy Vor ving reached the ieeciately above the note, ants it alts AE this ocr 88D ares ta necessary (rom outse EN : troduction, assists the first food octave to contin Sd bye rato ne commencing sown, TNE Ast dey cantinass 2 oom erm ofits nem tvs 2m EEEPEE yg encounters the 19th gctave Jo present only 820, CON sre Ses not naturally serve to provide the external shock to the sn dose not ater ahd fo roqulred to a92186 6 Jet second foot (er Ar een ibe mi ands a5 this rcumsinns 7) be further discusses janece demanded for the type of eetoraticTHE ORAGEAN VERSION lives in which ordinary men spend thelr existences, We may place here a preliminary diagram showing the course of food digestion in the human organism. In this early figure there will be no attempt to indicate the relations between the different Centres and the loci of the different stages of the digestive pro- cess other than the division of the organism into three general storeys, in each 6f which one actual and one potential Centre are located, The more detailed comparison between the body and a three-storied factory will come later. Figure 9, Diagram of Digestion Steges in Ordinary Man, ‘This very condensed outline has now acquainted cs with man as he is, f.e., with his Actuality, He is 9 semi-conscious, rechani~ eally reacting automaton and despite all his grandiose delusions his real predetermined business in the cosmogony of this universe is serving the Moon, Il is true that he possesses further potentiall~ tles but these are unsetualized at the moment and they have their basis in organic regions of the body where hie is least likely to suspect their presence since these structures are either now non= functional (silent areas) or else at present they mediate only the most minor functions and pact-functions of which they are capsble. ‘This situation presents the ordinary man with a total impasse for, no matter how he struggles and strives, all his efforts turn Against him in the outcome, all of them eventuate in some attempted oF alieged improvement of one of another of the functions he al- aa THE ORAGEAN VERSION ‘ready exercises. This is the "bigger and better men” fallacy and it Is also the fallacy of all reform in general, That error is always the betterment of one or of some functions at the sutomatic expense of some other function or functions; and if the resultant damage be unacen and thus left out of account by the self-congratulating per= son, it is all the more dangerous and destructive for that very A great sublicly is needed here and a very large cleverness. Where shall man look for an escape from his predetermined auto~ matism, from his hazy, semi-conscious experience? Anywhere but where in fact he does look; but where is thu? He now exer cises three main funetions, all autumatic -- reaction, emotion, thought, Where may he find any other function, different in kind from those, which he may be able even to begin to exercise? If he cannot find some such escape, he is lost whether he knows it or not. ‘That is the Secret, the real and final seeret of the Mack Sheep who first escapes and then comes back, bringing with him (judi- ciously) # deeply hidden mystery for such of his companions as may be able to understand, For the Secret can be known, And it un be disclosed, , 89Ml, The Boat ‘The Black Sheep's secret ~~ whi Version is called the Method =~ 1s divided naturally into two main parts. They may be named respectively the Open Secret and the Hidden Seeret, and we shall tke them up reriatine But fivet let us sce why this chapter is called -~ the Boat, ‘That is just Lecanse the secret does consist in a method, that js, in a certain described mode of procedure or in a’ rigorously defined succession of steps which arc to be taken one by one, as strictly directed, With certain exceptions no further step is to be tien un- til its predecessor has been completed; and here the reader should refer back to the earlicr illustration of the chemistry student whose {east tube exploded in his hinds with disiatrous results becuse he hag failed to learn, 3 inst:ucted, the definitive properties of hy drogen. Indeed there is much more to be suid on this subject, and it must be said, end heard, with the utmost seriousness. We do not Goal anywhere in mere intellectual speculation, 9 relatively harm tera form of phantasy, but especially we do not deal with it in Usis chapter, What is to be formulated here is a necthod of action, itis Something te de: and if it be done correctly, there shall surely be Objective resulls, It is no more possible to engage uctively in this Method and escape those results than it is possible, no matter how incredulously Ht may be done, to drink » quart of brandy in ten minutes and remain unaffected by the draught. Thus there are Pound to be real effects if this work is prosecuted correctly; and il wint is done in this discipline be done incorrectly, very disextrous effects indeed can be guaranteed, For that reason such work as is lo be described, is only done, and can only be done, safely under the immediate supervision of arother person, one moreover who is fully competent and qualified veeind haa proven {t= to hold so responsible a position vis @ Giners who must be for some time confused and helpless in the face of these surely eventuating results. This Is by no means either metaphor or hyperbole; itis & warning a4 serious as the writer can moke it, As to the Open Secret, there is no harm in practicing that part of the Method and rauch recompense can be gained from it, if the task be engaged In properly. But as to the kind of activity to follow the disclosure of the Hidden Sceret, it must not be prosecuted alone or with a group ‘TNE DRAGEAN VERSION of other uninformed persons, either. Any who may fall to follow Chia recommendation, do so at their own peril, IL is not merely & vecommendation; itis a warning and a prohibition. This again is why the chapter is called the Boat, 1 involves not only something to co but something which, if clone, also will tyke you somewhere, I is not like the eredulities of Christian Science ata bullet wound as if one had never heard of those credulities, Tt te pot like paychounalytic phantnsies, accepting which one simply ie ratitutes new matfinctions ond nisunder standings for old ones. Je Method consists in something novel, wnauspected and very dif- seen fvean any of the reactivities of semizconseious men and it Aull Inevitably produce a view, even of one's surroundings, most vinccustomed to all of us, Thus, if we use the analogue of the Map the midst of which one will die as quickly of cancer or Tees tarmulation of unglimpsed realities, we may likewise describe ae the Boat thit strict method of procedure which will enable us to dpproach those reulitics personally, to view thei direetly ond to seere ony own confirration of them for ourselves. Dut having had # really personal (not merely an intellectval) view of theme, there ean be no turning back. Having once in fact veentated even a few realities, it will be literally inpossible fe rejuin the herd of Llank-faced sheep and immerse oneself in thcirdreamlife as before, There cames a time when the ine guiver i no longer only au inquirer; no matter what terms he uses, sehen hecome an aclual postulant; he lus abanitoned one chair, he Maa nat aa yet resehed another, lie dangles in the void between them. That sitwation is the worst of all, tis even more hopeless than our temiceanecions sleep. And 40, even with the possibility of correct instruction sand competent supervision, one must be very sure of the seriousness of his interest and purpose before taking so it~ reversible © step. 2 In one way this Method resembles tliat of Science, for its basis is observat ‘, hypothesis, experiment and conclusion, In another way itis dissimilar, for it does not involve the scientific error, the (altacy of affirming the consequent, This will be seen more clearly when the complete chapter has been read, Now the Open Seeret is called open because it enn be dis~ covered by perfectly ordinary means and in {net a great many people Are acquainted with it, at least verbally, We are told that Over the main gate of the Pythagorean Institute at Cretona were Carved the words, Goethe Seouten -- Know Thysel(. The degree of duch knowledge that can be acquired by ordinary, though caretul, means constitutes the Open Seerct. There are difficulties in thi to be sure, but there are none which may not be overcome by ®THE ORAGEAN VERSION usual amount of tenacity, of intelligence and of courage, The first of the difficulties is a purely mental one; it fs no snore tan the delusion that we alrendy do know ourselves. Ask any ordinary man whether he knows Mr. So-and-so (mentioning his own name when perhaps being in ignorance of it) and he will tell you, with ® sly or cunning smile, that he knows Mr, So-and-so very well Indeed: if you press the point, he will eouelude with the triumphant statement: *Why, you see Iam So-and-s0, naturally I know elt about him, I know him betler than anyone else possibly could." No long reflection is required in order to appreciate the ub= surdily of the assertion, The smallest investigation discloses thet bis friends and acquaintances hold very different views about Mr. So-and-so than he does himself; and that the opinions of the former ate the more likely to be correct. When confronted with a phono- Braph record of his voice or a moving picture of his actions, he ts astonished and bewildered; indeed for some moments he is quite unable fo recognize that it is his own voice speaking, his own fige ure moving across the sercen, Ie possesses a pliysical, an ener tional and an intellectual image of himself, all of which are very far fvomn the (acts, Itis this image with which he has that real aequaintance underlying his confident assertion but the image is merely subjective and it is false in almost every respect, Of wi he is really like, of the picture he presents ev. ct te these who are Benuinely fond of him, he knows practically nothing st alle No tremendons sincerity is needed to assure any one of us that his own case is that just mentioned, although here, ecrtainly, @ moderate sense of humor will not come in amiss. For there js high degree of enour propre in these images which makes it d ficult for us to see them for what they ure; always there is-much flattery in them and they are a continual product of the confusion between what we would like to be, even what we semi-conseiously aspire to be, and what in fact we are. To admit these discrepancies to ourselves is a painful business, indeed just to suspect them sine cerely is bod enough, Yet otherwise we are surely the Pauper whose denial of his poverty must with certainty preclude any possi- Dility of future wealth, To destroy a delusion may be very une Pleasant, and especially in the ease of this one, bul to hug it to ones self with a desperate grasp Is true abnormality. The first step to- ward knowing oneself is the realized admission that one docs ot, The key to this whole problem is sane objectivity, The possi« ‘ity of knowing oneself can arise only when a man is prepared to investigate his own attributes and characteristics, and hi havior, ax he would inquire into those of « stranger. Impartiality and objectivity, The subtlety of this undertaking and its difficulty cannot be overstated; at every turn he will, as it were deliberately, misinterpret what he sees and the constant falsity of his ingrained, subjective image of himself will distort what ia plainly in front of 92 THE ORAGEAN VERSION Ma eyes, To see what c43 easily be seen, 1s not so hard; but the vray in'which iin seen, how IL is seen, tha is the secret, The very first atep in this Method is lo look vpon aneaell ss upon s steameee? Wleratly, for a stranger to oneself It what one tesly ine A sehen ‘in a laboratory Investigating seme hitherte unkown ereatare leenat airaid of what he may find, his motive In » tonteeiied eerioe sity nor has he any axe lo grind in favor of of Opposed to some tubs Jeetive judginent regarding that erestorese graces, ile cents to {ind ont, he looks in order to discover whatis, Obje fectivily, objectivity. An objectivity whose demands ivity, ob- 11 become * much greater later, The second step is lo organize the work, Haphazard attempts might turn out fortunately by chance but we shall far more quickly and accurately come to valid conclusions if s definite course is followed and a careful organization af our efforts is adapted to be- gin with, For this of course Is vork, to be undertaken professions ally; simply bearing the instructions that ave given, « dreaming about them, will accomplish nothing. What is to be done, must be done and no one else éan do it for you, Nu one elte can do {i for you. Remember that always, I olhers tuke this Boat bit you do not, ten others can sail somewhere with it but you cannot; also you tust propel it, The oat is given you but only you ean take yourself to your destination in it. And although these begin ning efforts are slight indeed compared to what shall be required later, yet they are difficult enough at the time one first encounters them, So why should one take the trouble to learn about oneselt, anyhow? But you have to live with yourself, don't you? Divarce of such kind as this is nol possible; day after day, month alter month, year aller year you nvust live with yourself until you die, Perhaps it Would be ns well lo know something about this stranger you live with, this Mr. Sinith (let us say) who places you in such unexpected situations, even oceasionally in such unprofitable predicaments. Why do you not accomplish what you sceretly wish, what you really sccm to strive for? Is it always some oulelde hence oc seine outside injustice that hinders you, er may it peel Smith, sho has soinething to do with it, too? How can you use Smith to achieve what you want, tint is the question. And certuin= Jy ne answer to it is practicable until you know something definite= Jy und objectively about Smith, Self-knowledge will Le painful, your subjective image of yourself will omit no slrategem to deceive you and it will not die meekly; but without self-knowledge you can never be anything at all To get the feel of this thing let us have a practice run. Take someone you know well, but certainly not someone you lovd nor eer= tainly someone you hate. Just someone of whom you really de know suite a bit, Now come to some considered conclusions about him, ps be that fellow, %TNE ORAGEAN VERSION Impartiaily objective conclusions; describe him as if you were fur= niahing m report upon him for an identification to be made by an F eB. agent whe hed never acen him. Write down Nis phystenl Chaeneteris (ex from memory, then consider his type, his custo~ mary behavior, his personal idiosynerasies. Check these the next time you gee hin: Are his eyee really hazel, or would you now call them blue? Is that habit of his of aeratehing his car really » habit by which the agent may recognize hin or have you piven it preini~ nence only becanae Hinnnys you? When you have the description {n such shape that you honestly believe it would serve as an identi fiction, try it on someone else who knows him: see if it works and If that second person can put the correct name upon the dese ription you have {urnizhed, If you succeed in this, you have done well, Now turn upon yourself in the same way. We will suppose your hame Is Smith; now lel us see how recognizably you can des~ Eribe Smith, as formerly you were describing Jones, Do not get ost in speculations as to who yout are and what "your" com nection with Smith may be, This is perfectly straightforward, per~ feclly rational, perfectly practical; you are simply that which is considering Smith a2 unyone else might consider him, who is. taking the trouble to come (o confirmable conclusions and judgments eon= cerning Smith and whe is furnishing a written identification of him, Ie is important that you write It down, for that will, partinlly, yre~ vent mere daydreaming. Avonee you will comprehend that you have at your disponal a far larger nember of date concerning Smith than you hid fh regard to Jones; but do nol permit this {act to sway you te the obvious, First write deivn un external physical deseription of Sinith, Cheek it; you can certninly do that, and don't Le too sure you can afford not to, Tuvent some pretext and persuade w friend to luke some moving pictures of you which you-can observe at your leisure and for » reasonsble time; perhaps he will consider you « vain fellew bat you won't feel that way when you regard the picture Meantime yes will be learning whut you reully do look like. Now Continue with all the items you have noticed in the cast of Jone putting down their counterparts for Smith, Let us organize this attempt more professionally ang tet us, make the inguiry aa specific as possible, Here is a list of eight Questions; (re answer® (o them should not be couched in terms of fone rallies, instead the answers should be as exact as it ia pos- ible to make them: +1, What do 1(Smith) like? What do I dislike? ard oovstting 2) ordinary food) people b) clothes g) amusements <) colors ») company 4) occupations ) ete. : e) situations ‘THE ORAGEAN VERSION 2. What dof look forward (2? (Ie. what remains in life for me, just within the range of possibility?) 3, What do I fear most from the future? 4, What would 1 like to be? To know? To do? (To be: what type would 1 like to inearnate? To know: what field if only one choice but within that field the possitility of complete Knowledge? To do: what primary occupation if 1 were free to chooze seriously?) 5, What have been my huppiest and my unhappicst moments? 6, What are my own personality characteristics? Which do 1 consider weak points? Which do I consider strong points? 7, Whut things about Smith do I like? What dislike? a) physical ; b) emotional ¢) mental 8. Wy do I fear to die? Do not duyitiran about the answers, Write them down; and take the trouble to do co accurately, Unter "food," for example, Funless you really do; under do not assuine that you like caw Scituntions'" du not suppose that you either like or distike military forraslity unless you have had sufficient experience of it to be able fo fori a veal judgment about it, Do net guerts It wilt be seen that to consider even so short Hist as these eight questions properly and seriously must Like some volve seine effort, However, itis scarcely a beginning we have discussed the functional human types, practi Intellectual, and it is now necessary that one determine one's own type among those catcyories, Each has two aspects, the positive and the negative, as follows: me and ine Previously emotional, practical, positive ~ active negative - inactive or lazy emotional, positive - optimistic negative - pessimistic intellectual, positive - constructive, building up negative - destructive, tearing down-THE ORAGEAN VERSIO! 1} wuslen no difference which aspect of which type refers to you and you must not let your prejudices in favor of one oF another influence your Julgment; none are “good”, none are “bad, it is required only that you discover for yoursell which is applicable, And here we must remeber that it is not one hour oF one day that count the eriterion i what type you fmmpersonate ordinarily, usually or most of the lime, for all of us fall into all six of the above cate~ notice some of thé time. This brings ws natoratly to the Life Review, I also is to be written out and that will tnke some time, (You are supposed to be doing this seriously.) All of your life is there in your merory: what is required, is lo recall it and much of it can be recalled, The greatest difficulty will arise with the early years but even there assistance can usually be obtained, from old friends, from an uncle or an aunt, from one’s parents, ‘This chould be a miniature autobiography, but done without phantasy, dare impar- tially as if it were not an autobiography but a biography of someone cise, Ant de it specifically, dividing the He into the periods inte wich it naturnbly falls =~ infancy, ehitdhood, adolescence, young maturity, middle maturity, and g0 on. Atthe end you should have A hintory of Smith that renily tells us and you eomething about him, wia€ kind of person he is in fact, what sort of thing history has shown that he can €o well, what sort of thing ill, A real picture shonld be beginning to emerge. {All thia inay be called the first step, the gathering of ebser~ vable data epan which an hypothesis ix fo be built, ‘The hypothesis br judginent ix the second step and then arises the possibility of perimental confirmation or refutslion, In the present case this consists in checking the supposed functional type with others and In checking the biographical detalls insofar as they possibly ean bbe checker; da not aszume, for instance, that you did well oF poorly at schuol, get oul the old reports if available and, if not, then try to cheeis your supposition in any way you can think of. Of course for serious work of this character a group is. assumed ith a competent leaders although it will be of little help in res pect of the Life Review, in other respects it 1s not only valuable but neceesary. ‘There ave Uther Investigations of the «ams Kin that aleo should be made at thls line, One of them is the Nightly Review, an exercise to be done upon retiring for the night. it poses these. questions: What did 1 do today, ive,, what were my actual activities? What was the emotional history of the day? What was my real thinking today, If any, or was it all daydream {rom stat to finish? No judgments, derogatory or congratulatory, should be allowed to 6 THE ORAGEAN VERSION intrude, here; we are nol trying to make cither a better or a worse day of it, we are simply trying to find out how snd what it was, Do not despair, do not hope; just look. And for checking these intro- spective recollections there exists a further interesting exercise called the Motion Picture. When you have mastered the Motion Picture, you can ree what has happened, Ibis done,like this. Neing in bed for the night and having assumed a comfortable position, the first thing to do is to y to achieve and it will take much practice; but it ean be achieved aul anyone can do it, The first step iz muscular relaxation: begin wilh the tocs and work up throngh the ankles, the calves, the thighs: as these relaxations are relax. Complete relaxation ix nol achieved, keep those portions relaxed und begin with fingers, wrists, arms; then, the trunk, the face and finally the neck; if t become reinsinted somewhere dur sion has. i the process, yo back and re~ Jax that part agin, keeping the rest rekied until finally all the musculature is limp. Ht cannot be done conyletely the farat time or the tenth Lime but all of wig, as babies, had) thls ability avd it has been proven without question Uhat the ability ean he velearned, Finotional relaxation cores nest; and this is accomplished by means of a kind of trick, It is done by reinstating images of a pavticulay hind, eccasions upon which you really experienced enuitional relaxation, the sort of feeling that is expressed hy the notion that it would be nice for this tu po om forever, Nol an active hapyiness and of course not any discomfort, just u {ecling uf comfortable drifting p member as fully as possible the exter » self but the sensory impressions tht by chance necoinpanied it, Thus you will call up not only visusl imagery (lhe meadow by the stream, the apple orchird, the quiet library, or whatever) but alno olfactory inayery (the outdour scent, the ookish edor i the library, or other), aiulitory imagery (the humming of insects, the ripple of the stream) and all other accompanying experiences which are not merely iniaginary Lut really recollected, The instatement in your images of the sensory impressions that accompanied the original emotions! relaxation will, if eu Go Usrouxh your memories and select unc of two Having selected such eful momeut from memory, (ry to re~ V situation in which this cefulness occurred; you will Lry lo reinstate not the feeling it ciently accurate and comprehen- sive, reinstate the condition itself, It remains now to establish a mental relaxation, a euppression of the constant flux of associations Mlitting through the brain, a pro= hibition of the “snonkey chatter” continually going on in our minds, This fs done by counting a series of nuinbers, sufficiently intri to distract attention from the nulomatic associations but not $0 Gifficult as to take up all the attention, One series much used goes a6 follows: 1-2-3-4, 4e3n2-1, 2H3-4-5, Se4-3e2, 324-596, 6-5-4-3, 4-5-6-7, Tobo5-4,, 5-b-7-B, 8-7-6-5, 6-7-B-9, 9-8-T-6, T-E~9=10, +97ATM: ORAGEAN VERSION 10-9-8-7, 89-10-11, 11-10-9-8, 9-20-11-12, 12=11-10-9, B-2a3—4, 4-3-2-1, and soon. This may be too intricate, to begin with, The trick is to get n series just difficult enough but not too difficulty Anything fran the simple 1-2-3-4=5-6-7-R, B-7-6-5-4-3-2-1 to the more complex counting alternately from 1 to 100, thus: 1-100, 2-99, 3-98, mind soon, At first it Is a matter of personal experi~ pment to find the appropriate series, which thereafter will have prad- Gully to be increased in intricacy as one becomes more uccustomed fo the attention-dictracting effect.* ‘So far we have three exercises which, when practiced and put Lopether, will establish a state of three-fold relaxation. For {his purpose they are valuable in theinselves; they also form the preliminary condition af the Motion Picture exercise. When the relaxation has been eutablished, the visual component ‘of the emotional refscution Is ubandoned while all the rest of the condition is maintained, And inctead of the visual imagery hitherto Employed, a picture iz set up in the mind of the awakening of that frorning, probubly in the samme bed in which the subject is nov: re~ Taxinge This visual image should be clear, the body being sccm, 98 He were, from some point outside ilself, The image thus established, Mill counmence to move; it will rise from the bed and go through the first potions It performed on the morning in question, Almost at nce the film vill break and, when it docs 20, the visual haage of the body ie referred di liherately at the point of the break. Tt will then rua avtomatically for a shorter or longer tire, when it will break again and again have to be reformed delikerately, As long wait rons, just Jet it run and wateh it impersenally, while the sub~ vocal counting of meatal relaxation continues, When it breaks, diss wentinue the counting momentarily ifnccessary, reform the image, Jer it start moving and resume the subvecal counting. When first Undertaking this exercise, of course the breaks in the visual imagery fhm will be numerous and you will be asicep long before it has run through the day, But with practice the breaks will Yecome continually Tees frequent, tie film will run more automatically anil in an amazingly phert lime the whale day will De covered in this fashion: The chief ting is ta let it ruse inpersonatly and iapartialty; the film will stop wt chee Af you begin to Judge of It, as by thinking "his ts goou™ or Manat ts diepracetal,* Dut if you will Let it unroll itself os if veer red to someone else, it will soon show you the day as your body Betually went throngh it. . ‘There are still further investigations which may be made by or= dinary mena; and in order to outline some of them ft will now be suucuary to deneribe the distinction between Personality and Essence ja this Version, This ts a large and complicated sub- ace of chia Vine are elven Jai Poyenotogical Exereiee, A: Me TUE ORAGEAN VERSION et whose highlights only ev Ni toed ofan Mere geet, whe Tah NS ON Sposeesses cer tn qatiies and caracher- ween nan yey ane wdexeloped on steed ty are in inane iene hey are hs innately wl they ore Me Vere te contin Pe peversties contin toe tray Ns, wtatenty se ee ent arungevclpimet they may Teach haste! aor eee ee, hnwever, they commence te ETH 47d wie entre es ra bythe influences of environment eslerr2] 0 FR a eer gr bene infenece being those orightrg Bm ter ings mw these Yat the mest patent of gobs fromm oie iminone cern from tie parents. Later, teachers) 4k being naval Urs close naaoctates being similar forers (9 Bene at I egsuenal and tnviduny Goberent qualities San eee to page tint the non, whi yet ct ih agree Cian eh aayeet: hie Rasence, vie, wate truly 1s, Veging 2 Hind ooo fee ghysitogicatty bat at tee same time i188 leg oath and mars PUencath the accusation of externally tetsred Fer te rand so on which, originating ovoid of insti, Beers ars ation to his own innate Velng and which Fee ent ave oe aormotion of hie anfoiie essenta atts, Mesconer a ee anes ais that, he ka young, feeble and nearly Sel he As only ore 20 veat recourse upon those very persone whinge ins Teas he reli atten contrany to his Fasenecs Ana ressit of Avene ar i eigecomcs more and mare dreply sobmergrd sd mE eons mi the outer bell of Persovabity ov ign Oe ener training him in actions and assum felines outa Viense any to hia own nature and, atthe teas neon aoe a eon gutign continnes witht any consciousness of with anc subject and eventsaly ve are confronted ith the ene ee evuterior Deraunality hiding on esscnial €or, Ton final pred puny aiffent from the presented nynenranee Nei a ay ue eplit personalities formerly disesased, foe a eee eh cesenality(inetoding sl se epliteup asctions) for im Os Sas eloped a predominant than the Essence, hich a ee fiver, abtaine am opportunity te function very edo gual the Baaence fils to develop and femvains Ae ate earn uge childish im most people. 1 is only drastic infantis, oF 2f gringe out Basence vsvallys an what 3 esta! Feary ey terror, a complete daregard for hers and their brings out is panics Ny icosentst quotities often acquire # bed Oe nee a at ad, trey are only undeveloped 1! caw happen name bul ey ee Mormatly developed, becomes elsirvoyanet thot escent eairatics of undeveloped Essence are really the a ay iti of qualities and facallies natal and valuable Se eee a ecee naman being. Meantime these wnerown Toe ay egy in te eases of others, they 276 REVEE TH2- qualities reratn oroa may never have encountered them elort: stor 99TNE ORAGRAN VERSIOL there Is no mistaking an essential ery of terror or of gligness, though hewrd for the first time. At present, as we know, astrology is nh activity undertaken by deliberate quacks or by sincerely deluded persons who have at their disposal no knowledge oF data adequate to the scope of their profession, But originally the field of astrological investigation included the phenoinena of essence when, in very ancient times, astrology waa a genuine and exact science. The facts about Essence itself indicate its relation to this ficht of knovledge, when the latter was authentic. Modern astrology takes the motnent of a man's birth as significant but of course this 1s an error plain to any Viological consideration, for by that time the organisin is much grown and developed and no aspects of the planetary systems ean then have a critical effect upon it, The same is not rus, however, for the moment of conception, when the newly procreated cell fe totally naked, aa it were, and open for a short duration lo whatever influences may be present at the ten.poral tid spatial location, That was the cominanding instant taken by ancient actrotogy. At that point -~ when the male and the female germ-cells coatesce -- there are present in the unified cell thus Procreated not only the hereditary contributions of its constituent predccrisor cells but likewise ail the exte to and centred at the given temporal und spatial point, fluences must include solar and starry radiations us well as those ‘originating within our oven ayxtem from the planets that compose i, bul mere proximity will wake the latler of the greater deter ininative value, They do not, of course, change the predetermined contributions of the parent cells Lut nonetheless they can have an Important effect in patterning those contributions in the respective strength of their mutual relations, For this reason the position of the planets was considered tu be Lignificant at the moment of con- ception; and this was alco where the ‘ate of the individual came fn, In the sense of the determination of his essential pattern, which could not he without inevitable result in the determination of the falure pattern of hie life, Such éata were worked out with the sane care which a modern chemist eroploys in his calculations and formed the basis of the ancient, and authentic, astrological knowledge. That knowledge is not accessible to us now, however, and even the mo- ment to whieh it applied his long been mistaken (or the birth-date; in certain Schools the genuine science is preserved but it fs not Included In this Version, In work of the kind of which we treat here, it is a man's task, to discover his own Essence, It 1s a very difficult tusk becuse of the many layers of Personality overlying it, It is also the inner meaning of the gospel saying: *Ye must become as little children,” Not in behavior certainly, but in awareness and recognition of what one really 1s; for one's Essence is what one really is, and that is a a} influgnees appropriate Such ine THE ORAGKAN VERSION very undeveloped being indeed, for the reasons above mentioned, Cees souatity f6 to he flouted and suppressed iy Warn: the Not 204 Te for a hnrnan being is stein which both Dersenality Perey A are equally and hnrmaniousty developed. Bat weve the are ears qpon Essence and the task is the pecting off of ene bayer erate ies layer alice another of Personality until the Ensence ba see aerate a the permitted to cmnmence its own long detayed cnet gnellaving missed the chance to develop fom its infantile aaa ie straightforward expression, iknow receives a second core tonily ta develop by teans of impartial recognition, Boa ie ccimude a remark about Exsence whieh ran something Sincence sightingate ought te have Deen 9 hostess at a That is what she was 30 E Tut due 8 sam family where ware hie this ough woyside fom Tee Tat ate was browght up on Cheis tee eaidered charitable, unselfish, ant 0 on, he Deeame Be ee ee ihough fandamentally she wae the wife of Fatstatl ese nt ier Bosence might nat have tntaced Florence, Pee AD have mbumtencd her caver as Wnvese; Wot she would Nig MEN ge degelved hessel€ abt i ee I anacled with Bssence isa man's Chief Pestorc, hin eGnncs ava cal ledhis Chic! Weakness, for 15s 0auslly aan eerie cnn Mimsell fe deeply ashamed. 1a in See cen af his undevsloped Fasences His seply bue~ {act a fuss dlsputaed fram hie recognition by every stratas 1 ee persona Dut ifthe fal determiner of our values, To jor whieh, Hough unackwowledged, we will sxeriGice Tin eects, direct and indirect, are Mie way we brush our hairy the cverything else if driven to it, jnvolved in everything we do caver in whieh and even the steps by which we cress ourselves aaaenodes of travel,and of course the way in which we meet and Other persons. The instance is piven of » Russian officer Topline who, when told that his Chief Feature was cow- Te had been decorated mpon the firld of deal wi of the Casr' urdice, Inughed heartily, tattle with almost every availible medal for valor, and he had caened the medalt, But his Chief Fenture was cowardice, never the Jone. his behavior was alasedly craven in the face of his womens folk, expecially of his wife and his mother; and his military feats were fundamentally a desperate compensation for and denial of his Feat innate, unaltered childhood fears. Another not ununual Chiet Feature is self-importance, the expression of which may nearly any fore except pomposity, Chief Feature is never bene~ ficial; execpt for our chief features we should be the very people that we like to think we are. w felt me what you pride yourself upon being,"" Oroge said once, ‘and Iwill tell you what you are --~ not, The very thing we pride oureclves upon net being is the very thing that we are. ‘Tim fot a Jealous person.’ “I'm not afraid of being told the truth.” When orTHE ORAGEAN VERSION once you have yourself sald the real truth about yoursei: nothing that anyone enn ever say to you agai Chief Feature Is a predominunt feature, an outstanding charac~ teristic, It fs nol, however, the elemment that is apparently most Pronounced; instead, itis an errengenent of qualities. Until you have arrived at your own or another's Chic{ Feature, the definition dows not come clearly into view, How shall one find one's own Chief Feature? And, when found, what shall one do about it? ‘One muy sometimes surprise the Chief Feature of another in a chance description or an off-hand, haypy remark. Someone hay pened (9 spenk of G, 1, Shaw as a sman whose wits had gone to his hend; and it was an almost perfect delineation of his Chief Features One may poscibly burn on onezeif in this sudden and unexpected way and make an equally striking discovery. Hut the cure way is to wateh “one's grneral and detailed be! avior over a considerable period im= Personally and te Jet the picture gra one's mind, An outli selves forward; disre there | that can hurt you." Hy ant impartially form in. ¢ will emerge, suspicions will thrust them= rd thom for a Jong tine, until you are rela~ ively sure, Then yo to someone competent to confirm or to deny your own judgnient; you cnn never be sure of this aspect of your~ nell by yourself, you will always need an outside confirmation. Naturally it must be a competent one and your ¢qually uninstracted friends will not he of avail here; lt iis one of a qreuy leader's functions lo supply ascurances like this at the proper time. Then comes a Kerious moment for, although te athers who do not possess this particular Chief Feature it will som « matter of “Little finportance and nothing Le occasion much of a fuse, to the man himself it usually appears as an almost unfaceable shame. Ils, inéeed, something which he has only brought himself to men= i tohis tewcher after a real inner combat. And his immediate innpulse is $0 do away with it by any available means. ‘This pilfall must be avolded at all costs, Struggling ond striving, 95 our Mr, Shaw has said, are the worst possible ways in Which lo accomplish anything; and a direct struggle against one" Chief Feature will not only accomplish nothing valuable but is also only « aulve way of inerensing one's service to the Moon. The salvationist attitude has no plice in an undertaking so serious as thie one: it is always the mark of the religious or emotional fanatic, no matter how much he may seck to deny his role. What, then, is to be done, if a direct suppression of Chief Feature fe prohibited? The answer is a simple une but it 1s also shard one, The subject must watch his own Chief Feature, once he hina Identified and confirmed it, in operation in his own behavior, ‘As he watches it -- and the more he watches ites ir efll chang of its ovn notion ant by itself, a little by # little, It will do so moreover, without the substitution of something more harnyful in Its place. This {a not at all 20 astonishing as it might cen. at | THE ORAGEAN VERSION toe eons only in the absence of Light, and on the tevel of j.yeholony take place only i ayn hat am awareness ofthe oefon ef tits fo similor ; shake ofl of : serge ater the Retin, , ie tipemure wil stort at nly Chet Fea watcr aig enon evi very steely CIE poem Oe sees Eases commas 1 are ean able human qualities, Pat itis obvicus that its il-advis Never permit nye ‘ é turret Snr atge ta ME ec responsilte for his Aninyl an bring Rihante Besence ta Hikes ci of course roost be attogeth Peaavege ott them hia ted bo foteni si noe culty deeatenk peoples abl ever O8r fed pods of the Grest Neeheolapiets Type. . Peay in the necurst Sno soenlied Pri Hut it is most likely that the animal hes - od oes planet. niall fool represent tolernisin only te th cere mn tee var being torermists themselves. Gat whe present. suspicious appearance Thave we not HD sae unum O38 ences suite a whose pr Iquetonst, the ©} ‘think far a nvoment of Caspar M Mon protat Dog-types and bird-types we natotyne ef numerous real peor. ra bet Leon peetolyte oF mg nencly everyane's acaunsatanees and aeeeeeee Dacuapliea im their nicknames ; sence ee ne sd will continue te he, mirrored in whose characte aiGr quoisy Fo muow oneself stall Gully must Lely pe ere ware of one's ows aniensl type. Dut for . e olwious as they may be in certain thene ave real tyme saesapvions, until a typien! pattern begins £0 appear of ts, ow pe unknown to Hs human counterparts again come in harulily.he eat suddenly ta behave like a whale, Self-knowtedge of this kind tells us what we are and, in view SLRETAEEa Automation, what we shall continue to be undor ordinary Circumstances, In the Life Review, if ibe at all peopesiy ad carefully done, we shall find many repetitions or typiest hatte ena Sf happenings and belavior which ecein to reeur the and again ard which often have as their basis the habitual ways im wien ee confront external circumstances; thus at any given moment chee is happening to us, greatly resembles what hax leppened te oe lfore iu other periods of our lives and the suine thell slew cone fine to Inppen to us in the future unless we tnuch alien. Ene "attempt here is not to aller ourscives bul to knew ourselves and 4H is easily to be seen how greatly auch self-knowledge wilt te Ereuse the accuracy of our judgments ahout ourecivee ond the value of our estimation of any given cireunctaness oe phan ta Fslation to ourselves, For we can be sure that our funeliona! typea bra our aniinal types will go on operating, and that Chie Fevtnee Will contings to be the secret inal pring of our Deluviot iv eosty= thing. Another important question arises just in this reaper, Why are we interested in this kind of work? Why wre oe tnter= sted in the Hidden Lenrning iteel{? Thone questions Can te snawered, if 3 man will interrogete himavll sincerely sed fe lessly, and by the same techniques proviuusty supported, hog doubt he has inore than one to be w gensine one, Aud if il is not, nothing could be mene wong able thon the discovery of that fact before he hus gone tee fae ned can no longer turn buck, So let him seriously comider what ine Intellectuil interest misy be, wht hig emotional and shit his prnetie Gi interest nay be in this activity to which he 1s now on the-veree Of cvsnmitting Mansell. It ix wot yet tuo lates he hie vo lar Ieee only the Open Seerct and he may yet turn back belore an ivnee trlevable coinmistion has been nudes In group aszociation much more work of the kind we have indicated ant mony more investigations may be made; end Ine deed it is only in group work that those already deeevited con be carried forward successfully, Otherwise there common Len fullicient checking of results or the necetanry conivol uy ¢ {uualified teacher who himself has lwfore paeked through the came Kind of self-investigation wil is aware of its difficultice aml pitt falls for that renzon, The purpose of the work involved im the Open Secret is to come to soine truly correct and accurate cone lustons about oneself, conclusions that cun validly be eheehed by others and which receive their final confirmation ty thet Ines Partial recognition on the part of others than onsell, Ay in sclentifie work guesses of assumptions will not do and velf~ deception, though undeliberate, must be guarded against contin ive for his interest, supposing it loa THE ORAGEAN VERSION wally. The facts discovered must be confirmed, sometimes by Instrumentation (where this is possible), always in the end by competent outside judameng, But plainly the results have the greater importance to the subject himself of the investigation and the Uiseoveries, loter fo be externally confirmed, must he made in the { rst instance by the inn on his own account, Inulecd his own discovery and his own recognitions are the prime purpose and fruit of the work, In this endeavor he rnust learn to take an iinpartial, selentife attitude toward himself, without hopes oF fears, jst looking in order to see and to learn, And, after all, lu is nut responsible for what he may find, He is not respon be; as he begins this work, he is the inevitable prreduct of an heredity and of an environment over whieh he hag had no Uecisive control, iu fact no real control at all, Why, then, should he cleteh ata sense of sin and be afraid (o see what is? Surely he shall be surprised; and surely he shall be far from pleased, i his phage tastic, subjective in.age of lumseil beginn to be replied hy the reahity-picture of himself at he actually is and lives. There is a danger here, especially for those who comprehend beet what is said and possess a natural aptitule for underetonding snd realizing the altitude recommended. Such pupils waters! Brogress faster thin others and they may commence to see cor tain espects of themselves Vefore they are ready, that is, bolore their ienpartiolity is sufficiently established by accustaned efforts No one can see hinvsell fully without being horvified by what he sees: horror cin lead to terror and panic, aud lo ceriews emor fional disturbance, Itis here that a teacher's presence and ability ure strictly required, 10 re-establish retutive values, to remind the pupil thus disturbed of hie real ultimate purposes thot, although what nd that others ‘ile Veeause he cannot and to render to hhisn the external reassurance he sees is bad, indeed terrible, he is not have passed through a worse euse. forgive himself; how, then, shall others forgive hin? ight here he must be shovn that they do, matter {0 what degree they may mount, ure of no g Portance aside from the unconscious effects which they produce within; what is of real importance, is that the mence (0 come oul of his daydreams about himself and start to see at lenst this intimate aspect of reality with some relative clarity, The greatest value, as well as the inescapable requirement, of this work of the Open Secret is the impartiality that must be manifested by the subject toward hiinself, He must learn here to look at hiinself without prejudice of any kind, cilher positive OF negative, just as in fact he can look at » complete stranger, Otherwise all his attempts will automatically come to naught In He can never, he feels, For these feelings, no nan should com 105THE ORAGEAN VERSION any cose, But if he Ivarns the *feel™ and the “taste” of this Tiperienced nttituile, he will have token 9 primey sto toward eerereere and will miso have acquired the beginning of 20 ability thot rust soon be developed further, Tmiptrtlaitty towards oncseit i the inner crue of the Onc, Seerernetivity. Wis the indispensible demand of the work dis Shosed by the liidden Seeret, if ealamity ts to be avoided. 3 We now approach the heart of this whole matter, wiicl 8 iuhtle and not nesrly so simple os it may first appears and We sie need a careful introduction to it, Such an introduction ™Y conn mised Ly n hidden item of A-type knowledge possess cd BY Me ccthosle, ‘This knowledge is not of a forbidden Kinds it has Stenply been Joct for so tong that ordinary men no longes aoe sayUig about Henne, when iia fol! to them, they either Mise see cance altogether or else, partially evmaprchend ing, He eat ihe Pauper's Fallacy and phantasy thut they indsce alrendy possest axe vo far from possessing Bs to tniscomprehend . eae er payehology. we have said, recognizes two chict siates ov Wests of comueiousners, the steeping and the walking 8117+ The eaparience of mankind recognizes another in aadition, © sete ahich in cur usual voeabuinry is often called cormic cone ildwenese, This may oF nay nat be recogaized bys Even sereatint (ecie of them do recognine it) ax & gensing Wy pe OF asco ot conzeleusneas but only Snereculity can devbt hot it coin and hus occurred, to many thensands of men, The usual a eeaty in reapeet of itis a double ong; first, thot the sWh}eet cyperieneing # shorter or Tongsr period of cosmic consclotng eae ieeeah clently, if at all, what he bias understood while 0 Tears tote after he has resumed his usual condition ord second that tate quite unaLie to communieate Jater whatever recellseoe that he Made retained. Desides thia, there is the fact nt OE has pe my gal aver elther entering oF leaving the #tnle. Any 208 of rece etecumstunces is enough: to show that the cxperisnee T® pathological in character and together Wey establish that con Pan neodoturally, thisis not to say that the state stselt Ye fathotogient but only thatthe experience of ft PY 26 ordinary man Ys pathologicn!. renpenze these thece states of consciousness -- Sion Woking ana Cosmic Consetousness ~~ are the only fully, Gites Heit cele known to ordinary men, even verbally. It hes heen entirely forgotten that there Is another, equally differentiable cae eniciovanese natural and proper to human Veingss ihe stent Gon which In this Versicn $2 Self-Consclousness. That name 106 THE ORAGEAN VERSION js one of our technical terms and the first thing to do, is to define it: Scie Consciousness is that state of consciousness 1 whieh the subject 19 currently and akeurately aware Of alt Ue operations of his organic boty. rere rait of Sel(-Obserwation is Sel-Gensciousne ss: te later jeanimpretial, non-identificd awareness of one's hols ‘as distinguished LTE frame the el" which is making the evscevativn, sor see different stales or levels of consciousness form an experiential hierarchy, a¢ follows: Gosmic Consciousness: characterized by an awar| of cosmological phenoinena J, Seil-Gonsciousness: characterized by a dirtet “ous hess of the subject's physiologi- fal organism. 42, Waking: a subjective state , hypnotic in hind, characterized objectively by daydream cud delusion * 41, Sleep: normally characterized by une ceaceiowsness, usually character= ined by experience Ineking in Topical” connection and consis = tency duc to the general exclusion of senzory inpwt to the heal-brain of these states fy £3 and £4 ere nortnal, 12 is abnorinal, One nay pune trom #1 to #2, froin £2 to £3 and trom £) fe Ha directly re eevsnally; bub it is timposaible to pass directly from 12 a a re tiy and this can occur only in pathological cases. In Cee words, supros wea got, the ordinary inan omits a required step whee Ne 25° reas ee is possile to enter the condition of Cosmic Coe mig the attainrnent of Cosinic Consciousness te be aaa ney divectly froin the Waking state, for this is possil seioe te state of Self-Consciousness bas heen established see the state calles Self-Gonseiousness, reference (0 the 2° ove tefinitign will show that itis clearly distinguished fram what seve eeliy termed “self-consciousness."" The latter condition eect mainly by illusions, in which one's feel eect eae aaicege an they actually are and in which one's hands PRAT yp renard if not completely anmanngenble; one is avare see cclaely not of one's actual body and its true proportion’. ad re isis attention is devoted to the assumed Impression ea insta le upon someone else by that bouy. At the least. Whit which 48 Mridaction mast be under stood right away and it will be aeeieee caaamit to memory the technical definition of Self-Conscious- only one cha 107THE ORAGEAN VERSION nese, which has been made as short and direct as possible for that Purpose, No doubl it will be objected that we have pot done justice to the Waking state, in which “masterpieces of art" are written and Painted, atom bombs are invented, civilinutions are born, grow and dic away and a great many other astonishing absurdities ape came mitted, Rat all of that is quite literally dreamworl: and we have already had occasion to remark that the alleged purposes for which all this activity takes place, are almost never accomplished. The Jast fret should ruggest tous very clearly how dreamlike, unstable and really unconscious the Waking state Is. Neither for oureelves Personally nor in cooperation with other: do ve reach the hazy and wavering goals which we are accustomed to we so clearly entertain. «A person in the Waking state is thus nol truly awake, For a normal person the Waking state is not a really proper level of Consciousness al all; it Is, instead, only « transitional state of normal infancy an childhood, Letween the relatively unconscious Sleep of the neonate und the Self-Consciousness that ought Rorinally to be estibliched fully at gome point during the adoies- Cent period, Nut this has not huppened to us; we have been brought up and trained to Ure Waking state by those who themselves had ever been tuught how to pars through it tos tioa, and thus we also have remained in the transitional state bee ‘ween really sleeping and really heing awake, To wake up in a fenuine sense Js to,enter the nlote called Self=Consciousnece but, though adults now tu whom such a slate is proper ar natural, Ourselves have no experience of it, Well, nlinost no experience of it, For brief flashes of Self~ Gonsciousness do occur to many people very infrequently Juring their lives, Sometimes in a moment of great emergency, the sort of moment that calls out essential qualities, onc becomes acutely aware of one’s boty in much detail, gometimes this happens Pathologicully at the point when fever breuks culdenly in the course Of» severe illnecs; other ocedzions, too, such as very unusual or unexpected surroundings, may provide m brief flash of the experi= ence, I is gone az quickly ax it came; we have no control over ity we cannot reinstate it and it ts of small use to us, The real state of SeM{-Consciousness, when genuinely established, is a stable and enduring state, Now Tet us coe Little atler ourselves that more sarmal condle re fully inte the diff ent states of ne teristics, from the viewpoint of the threefold J the husan being. Mis positive factor, we recall, ie experien tthe negative factor ts the end-products of neural June in hia body, the neutrelizing factor ie conse: ness itself, transforming the objectivity of neurel functioning inte the subjectivity of experience, These three factors constitute hie being and behind then all stands "I", the fourth point of the triangle, 108 7 THE ORAGEAN VERSION its centre which, when projected, fora: a pyrenid, (Ina sense, Ble, the Greet Pyranid acy be @ tonb after all, although not exnctly he ercheological sense.) Ar records Sleep, it is normally « deep and dreantess stete: bobies eaperience it but for us only on extrenr threefold exheustion can bring it on ord it is necessary for ws to speak of the bind of abnornal Sleep vith which we ere wryuninted, The mein feature of this sort of Sleep is the ebsence of the trencnlous sensory input (0 the hesil-brain fron the sense receptors, chich is 40 prominent fecture of the Faking state, This ia brought ebout reflealy by o certain degree of bullily reloxation and it Leaver the enidaproduct of neural function in the head-brain nov reprerented chiefly by, the activities of Centre $2 aud of Centre 4. The instinetive subdivision of Centre £4 cuntinuer to operate ax usual, tohing care of netolalie costesis, but these actcv) vonething goes drastically wrong, are erdinerily unconneeted with cunteiousness in our cores in any event; the moving subdivision ef Centre 84 ix costly inhibited from intrusion into the heud-brain in Sleep and thos that entire centre is ereluled fron the neqetive fector in the Sleep ttote. uy Thus consciousness ix related only to the neural end-products of Centies ¥2 and £2, transforming then inta the subjective experience of dreans, The surcelled illocicality vf dreant ts therefore en, plained, for of course the logic which ia absent Ge net en intel lectusl logic of ell but cirply the usnol cnuse-amlne] feet succensious inponed by the seguentes of the phenarena of the esternal world as reparted ta the aking state by the sensory eyuipacnt of the orgenisn. The locve hich ix ebsent in dreuns iv not nental Logie but sensory Logie, sad both enotional ond rental Logie renain, to relete the iteas of Centre 82 and Centre £2 activity in unaceustoced but eanststent eaye, {lt 8 bye tentative proving of there reletions thet peychwunalyoie onl other aystens of drean interpretation construct theat par tinlty steble, though incorrect, edifices.) This ia Sleep the pretence af the theee Jandanental factors is accounted for et follows: neputive factor, neural end-products of Gentres #2-and 13; neutralising factor, con- sciousness ot Sleep level; positive foctar, experiential deean cone tent z subjective trousfornation of negative factor by neutralising factor, tes, except chen Phenonena and deep hi The reason that » normal man sleeps norinnlly, je dreaine lesaly, wherens we 80 not, i that, awoke, he functions hasion ously inva thresfold way, ue, practienly, emettonally and mons tally, whereas we do not. AZ we have teen fvein the foud cates, sil tiree types of energies are produced inthe by, bot, they are not used during the day, then they remain unestageted snd sil fonetionat theeuphout the nights In our eedinary Waking eondition we are nol functionally bshanced, due to the absence invus of nny Controlling, really any properly neutralizing factor; we seldom tmanifest any real thovght and our emotional experiences are hop Sazard and tnhermonious with our other functions; since they are nol deliberate upon our parts but instead are dictated autornatically by external evente, ‘Thue, even if we happen to have hed sul 109THE ORAGEAN VER: N physical exercise during the day toob revved with excesser of unusee’ emotional and mental energies and thors furnish the negative factor of neural end-product which, in Pelation to the neutralizing {actor of eonsciou Experiential Sleep content of dream. then mean caters the Faking #tate, the aituation renaint subst ALLE tue nace an in Sleep. The chief difference is the seen e Mire HL inte the picture at oa active conpenent of Seneca factor sof neut el endeproduct, Sensory, input ANTE during’ Steep tm the peripheral regions af 1he e*c Tjor atherutse the nan woud here died of ence) now newt (ier aii Uidcbrain region, overvicleing many erotvonel ond 1 SeeT elenenter consetousnens fulfille tte cote relating, 1 weaeredesinantly sensory neural phenonene end, tronsforning ee eejective taper iencey the usual sensory Tegic of coure- side “tpfect tavrecnatored expertentially. Horcover, the saving 200 Sten of Contre #1 contoins nny eater conatitucnts ond the seinen ef ther activity tends to en itluston of being evoke, Sees fact in not folly evoke eget. The vtote thing ie ree aitie an cechenteat, including the reruning delusions that seeseecedy thinting vhen really we ere only being herily cee eee af the meural enepreducts of « sental Rind vhich Tees eke but nerely of their indirect effects whack ve call Trea itke an the seme tay, olen ve parsively exper dence cnet the violence of #980 2 UMey neuioes tue the activity tenet daaa, 40 G4 in the meuret any celscty ap cuational cherecter of which we, indeed, ere cc1uellY Sree Sttuinns. Tila peoutelty of consciousness in the Faking ee nani ctaeinty character fue that Level of conaciewncat end seer eRe sate en olnoreel one for on edul( note Jt anes seme ne that conrefeusnces ix obsent because Gt is pensive: Ue tone fincetent Lat, instead of the nornal activity which we ET eacelonincy tartare the condition of Self-Consci Seen ee eiihercy which results ina serely ree te UP the conscious fretor ond which further prectudsr ony Vienint od late registration of the full negative fector present, dine cer pearinity Le whet renders the condition lypneticy 4140; Tie eaten ite of lypnotion, vhich ix anly « verincion ef the eeeecee is characterized by greet subjective parsivity ont Fahne trees cation that the eleetroencephalie recordings fron the head: Urain, TTed brotn wevet,, are indiatizguisheble Need eit taking. and hypnosis bat change their chereetsr dr DeLay in Sleep, even of our disturbed Biv, Uy in Srey SelfeConsetousncer ie defined by « complete cone Merce eete The conscious factor then registers, the J the body actively instead of posrively end Ser toe clear ovarencat of The relationship te insomnia, we still go ness, provides the Kea convinces ve thet ve are Using: +r} neural end=produc The positive foctor of experience & the details of bodily operations aoe i eae clarence with the realities of the attuation, [or 8 en ineethar all the vorld external to the body is actually serra ie the mubject of experience exectty end only ot the cee Ntte tne endeproducts of neural function occur, There no | | The VRAGen. VEL 7 se vartd ore there represented, nat 01 tM re eican apfects apon the nechons wetued yore et ea iy hace thenacloecondi tioned, fe 21 ie ba ere um matress Therhenwnen OF 4 Prades tan e ipeneed atthe sme. tnentiont 240th re ete eee atom (atthe nee et fave there Far Ue) Nee reports io reneencted in vane aI de ene acarcnnne of the boy 00 teed ee renters, ln 216 ryan emperienee to 0 eal O06 8 eee antes een tt atertned any Sndiret ape phenonene of the outs cetuctly ere, but oaty th Te inane the state of Self-Conseinuiners (AT ence mercer gocay anvune a very different annreyenrs Wom it ort ents the tubing steve ond the novelty Of Week or gar present in the Ted isonet ines o serous theck cuntered une rnes tse egnute of Sel{-Conss fevne ee ee ee et tnng fetre ttn orth cheesteraed ae cane Shjocte te whieh coneionmnens 24 10100 Fae ian pete eum ergntans mater d614ingss ut the henna consonant in thet He Gn 0 ele ete 2 gee estat seer eaty aetieratety ant purposesatly by We tubjee eee canseiournesn in a state in which the subject ney Oe cotunner in vliich he ia evare avure uf cosmic phenonena in the # Sy ihe local phenorena outstie hie avn bodys The ut three factort guts ide the end-products of neural function titticy did previously, For one thing the see rere Uy the eandicion af SeUf-Cone fanetion int ere ihien the state af Comte Gonsciaurnes’ 4 ctered seinen dire here are autycet te the trensfercing 1/00) cP a contcions factor im thin state yore sabite 78 delicate ne eee than are ecachable af Inver Levels of semis art ey gedcpratass Cv jeeted theoretically that the hunon Sans pecageees Senet ines At ia ofp e Rum sostable te place it in cwutee’ 7110 a emser orci mene of Large wcales fot i¢ dace, | Sone of cone nimi our cones are undeveloped and ianelures on here Mijimatarated bet nenefunctvanel im any 21946 1 Si chinks Conscieumnenss and sone ere prescut ond incorrectly fun Chorecterite his Leu fepresent much nore Fonetioning ielf b Cee nieseeg in ade pathological instances of ¢lairverenss cient Guiow and Lube, sozculled parspayeholesica! phaser hat Cece rian aineras beings wfate emich at present £0 [at beyond coe eerie eteaneetence nornally, can nay be descr ited only oer pe tineral end inadequate teres eaployed shove these stutes, from Hl to D4, are characterized successively by a respectively expanded consciowsness OF respectively higher ae a eerpeanciousness. In Sleeps wan is wot normally conscious se amythings in the Waking state he is distortedly conscioys of © tecurl phenovnena: in Self-Consciousness he is aware clearly 2nd accurately seer ee pately, though indirectly, of external phienomnens and their reality- relations. eeternal phenomena; and in Cosme Consciousness he ei nay nature that consciousness must be one of our basic mTHE ORAGEAN VERSION and fundamental values; a subjective dental of this fact in no wise allers it, At Lotion we all realize that it is better to be awake than nsleep; and even our present abnormal Waking state permits fn scope of behavior and experience much more desirable to us than even a normal Sleep. Bul between Waking and Self-Conzcious- ness there is a greater difference and a greater incr! value than between Sleep and Waking. And with Cosmic Conscious~ rene there increazen nee still more greatly augmented. ‘The high~ ent value in this respect is the highest level of consciousness attainable by human beings. Confronted with such possibilities, they sometimes occasion timidity and fright to the subject, He instinctive ly fears to undergo experiences so novel, so entirely un- necustomed to him, What will he see in such states? Of What perhaps dreadful objects and relations will he become a- ware? And above all, would not such experiences change him out of all recognition to himself, might he, not be lost and van= {sh alloghether in s0 strange an interior milicu? ‘To the one hand such fears are groundiezs anil need not be entertnined, One is the same individual or person when asleep and when awake; although the experience ant cognition of reality greatly change as between the two states, the experiencer. re~ roaing the sume unique entity in one az inthe other. The gare ¢ Conseiow and 1" whieh experiences se in human fe true ne to Self-Consclousners aud G Uris always the very seme subject ily er any or allof thw onsite ulster of con.elouthest open fo # bin Telog, One dees not beeunie lost hee Siecd, be then can alirivate the waraith he fects te a steam for matend af to the subjective pbantasics of dream nor vill he LC yun hea he in able to experience really eaore cl tecurately nt the highs levels of conseloueness. othe ether hid there fo a kernel of truth In bis first te ihieh he will da well o accord Is attenlion, Sinton his present tlate into a full degree of Suli-coneeioussees, nat to mention Corinic Conseiousne eerinialy bring bite face to face with n view of Fealily vo strange Sed unelected ar te enue hia very qzeat shock end perhaps (© Taunton Disnstvovaly, Ie has no ratmosphere™ as yet to ieltes such chocks and their impact npon his raw being is wxcured- seer ec eMonter te mnast thus be introduced to the next higher rier tonsclousnest slowly and gradually, 20 Liat he may become we Mfonned to It Tuts by a lle, just 98.9 man who has Been Lind toy sony yonea mutt treat his eyes with the greatest caution wihen Mis sight ie in the process of being restored... ros thie rearon the Hidden Seeret, which Is the Methot next to ve forutatea, is Jevised with forecight in strielly successive Mops oad with rigorously predetermined stages, Of course it se, when reurer! Frou arly and would vane TUE ORAGEAN- VERSION must be fully understood also that work of thé kind we are about to describe, cannot be done aldne, and that a suitable group of people under the frmineiliate instruction of « competent teacher It “tine que non of any such allenpled uclivily. If these requiremente ae not met, calamily and ruin are ture to result. Yet the very core of the Oragean Version cannot be omitted en that aceauit. Wie only necessary ~~ but it is very neceasury =- to emphasize tha what Is formulated, not Fetornmended to be dane except wader the above conditions. And it must be remeinbered likewise that the steps of the Method are not haphazard eteyey that their results have been foresven snd confirmed and that their sequence is a2 important as their successive activities themselvee, which are designed for that gradual introduction of whieh we have sponen So, we now proceed to the Method, 7 4. The Mithad is the very heart of this whole matter, Bul the reader must be warned that it is far more difficult and subitle than it appears to be on the surface. To furinulate it is hard enough bul, even in the presence of perfect fermulation, to understand it inn correet sefse is still more tichlish, His not cnmual to hear Mote who have recsived this inlor= nation and are supposedly famibiar with it, discussing it ina guile incorrect way; the terms they use are the Fi (ones but there fc snisdi fection in the way they are under stood, and mise underttanding of this sort is very dangerous micunder stamtin Just # bu sone who stirls oul due north in the midst of a wile rness 1 hat (he misfortune te involve « tiny defection in his orijinal 6 point, ju feu hiformution etrels the further froin thelr poe) the farther Let Ihe vender, therefore, net fume tat he haw properly andrstoed what fx to be eaid ent he Just wit it ie that fe mconts And cepecioiy hee hive el seaport Any meanings oF expansions of his ewn ine the forvslations what ft tad wall bevtera ly the case and, untess 84 tented wirectly, one is te be nesumed, To assist us tn understanding the nature of the present Meth Ut willbe well fe rconember wits noe In gencent there ext beings, which correspond to their basic lunctional types. ‘Thete is the Way of the Fakie, of Gentce fl, of ascetiiam and mastery of he Physica! bly of generally ascetic religions; shia develops the Walls There isthe Way ofthe Saint, of emotional Feigfons, of faith nod avout their supposed progres: ification be pre= nsTHE ORAGEAN VERSION feeling; here the Higher Emotions are the goal. And there is the Way of the Yogi, of the mnind and understanding; it loads finally to a high degree of Reason, All of them, however, possess an ob= Jection in common, that one facully oF ability Is developed er the capene of the others, Thus when Will ts attained, the Emotions are Srenk and the intellect feeble; when the Eimotions are great, the Will Js undeveloped and the tind nil; and when Reason lias been estab~ Hished, hoth Will and Emotion are lacking to the subject. According Jy the atlaiminent ofthe nlmost impossible primary goal in all these Chane Jeaves the man with more work yet to accomplish than he has Already mastered, in order to bring himself to the conmplete develop= ment which is the final gost. But there is also the Fourth Way, which is the Way of the Gurdjieff formulations and of this Version. It is quicker than the others, and correspondingly harder, On this Way all the chief fane= tions are developed simultaneously, not to any final degree at once, tote sure, but harmoniously and in balance with exch other, Thus it constitutes a different Path, én which Will does not preeede Ren Vis the con nd WN, This for nor Reason precede Emotion and the ultimate g: Content attainment of Individuality, Consciousness Wray iz seldom taught or propagated arnung men; the reads # must be prepared for a viewpoint unaccustomed among the wsvial develop~ trent erecés, Prem the beginning he must not confuse Te vith Nhe Detter known Paths. The first step of the Method is the (echnique of Sel-Ohser~ valion. Ils purpose is to establish the previously discussed state se Selt-Cousciousnens ina gradual and normal manner; ond is Giificuity, if the Lechnique be correctly understood, Is so great that no sudden succens, and resulting shock, need Le apprehended. Sell-Observation is # psychological activity of a genuin novel kind, Its distinction frorn any other sost of prychologi tenetion whatever can Le seen when the following question is con= Sitered: what ean a human being do which is neither thinking nor feeling (in the sense of emotional experience) nor moving? These Jaat three are his chief and typical functions and everything he hae hitnerte done is to be found among them, cither as a main or as 2 pari-function consprised within the totality of his activities. It is quite Impossible to think or to feel oF to sense any legitimate dnsuer to the shove question if its full meaning be properly ac~ Tinted and the answer has te coine {rom outside, a8 a disclosure from someone else to whora it has already been disclosed from pnother external source. That is why the answer is hese called the IMdden Secret. For there is an answer, There is » fourth type of activity in which a hutnan being can engage and which Is not thinking oF fecling ur doing in the usual meaning of the terms, To realize this distinction clearly is the first necessity of the first step al vi . THE ORAGEAN VERSION of the Method, For instance, it will at once be supporied that the cetivity of the work of the Open Secret has been Sel{-Observation, bot that is not truc a sll, There has been a sort of observation Javolved, in that the personality and Uie behaviors of the subject have been viewed and examined by hin as impartially as possible; -intro= dat the means used! in doing $0 have been thought - proc spection, memory-processes and the like, all of which without cxception are included among the intellectual functions of man And, far from being distinct from them, nre thus identical with tans, These processes lead (o judgments which may be mure or less correct objectively but ja function and Specifically it is not the fourth type of activily whieh is Self Observation, Muny peesons find this very difficult to accept in the beginning -- and nany easily lose the ence-understoad dis~ tinction later -- but itis absolutely essential that the reader cornprehend for himself eonvineingly Ural the distinction is Velid uid final and that there is at least as o9i teean the self-obsi rvatory activity and the other three functions: jng and moving or between practical and 2 too, is a ment. ti difference I as there in between thi timotional wetivity. When Self-Obnervation haz been more fully seeerihed, it will be possible to come to this demanded rextization. Seli-Conseioucness 18 Usst state in wich a man is fully and re uf the operations of his organic meet currently Of his boty, Self-Obsereution is the means whereby the State of Self-Coneejounness being to Le established and it is evident at ence that the activity of Self-Observation implies anil presumes detinite dichotomy within Ore man"s general presences that is, Selt-Onservation presumes a real and valid distinetion between the obuerver and the observed, between the Leing himself and his Suierved orpamens. In the Oragean Version this distinction is Formulated in the phruse, ST and It, THT is a so far empty word, relurving at present to the passive expericncer of whatever auto~ furnishes, such as y proceeding content the organis inaticn (hought-processes, emotional processes and sensori-motor pre~ cesses; the conseiuusnes Jethurgie passivity in its registrative fonctions whieh has already been discussed, But ™ only way in which "I" now ean do 29, is by the active intend of the passive registeation of those very processes which up te now hove formed the background of a passive consciousness. When the formerly passive registration becomes active, it becomes, hwareness, As to It, the matter is perfectly clear; I is the body, the erganie mechanism to be observed, the automatically performing organism which basically furnishes the content of experience, ‘These two distinguishable elements, "L'" and It, must be clearly present to the pupil whenever he performs an act of Self- of “I manifests that abnormal nd cen manifest conscious activity and theTHE ORAGEAN VERSION Observation. In order to accomplish this he must be clearly aware not only of what he observes but also that it ig he, or “I"", who ia maklug the observation, Such a realization of the part of the ob. Sa egy Galt | Self-Awareness, Self-Awarencss is not synonymous wilh SeHl-Observation; it is, instead, a fundamental requirement of ScMl-Observation. To establish this particular constatation aud to assist the fran in realizing tie the distinction between I" and It is a valid ene which must be pre: ent (0 hin at the moment of the self- observatory process, there is i mantrun that can be of use, A Pantin is not a prayer, allhough in the original versions of all Benuine religions prayers were mantra. A mantrui is a series of words, pronvunced slowly aloud or subvocally, to cach of whieh a clear and specific meaning is atlached in the consciousness of the subject ns he pronounces them, In Orage's own expression: "A mantsuin is not & mere series of words} it is « series of experi~ encings so joined that their sur becomes a force." ‘The mantrum body; have have ss have == a have; body - now inentioned goes as follows; B= Body == "13 4 == hody «= I" a have «= a == body. As each of these words is. pronounced in their different trans positions, the man strives to Inve before him lis specific and jure Kicular significance, Thus with “I; he strives to renlive just what he means by this term, thal it is an emply word te which much des Jusion has Decome attached and that its only genuine reality {2 now farnished by the self-cbservatory activity in which he proposes to frgage. With ‘have’: he strives to realize the full meaning of {possession', to which this (erm refers, With ‘a': he attempts to have clenrly before him the ideas of specificity aud uniqueness that are signified. And with tboily': he brings to unind all that he knove about bodies in gensral and this one in particular, their mechanisms, their automatisms, the functional relations between their main and Subordinste subdivisions, and so on, sud so on, This carefully ine Stated relationship Letween the words and their meanings as dim to « more authentic realization that in fact he, or *I", her a Pedy which may be the object of the self-observitory activity epon Nis part, The pronouncing of the mantrum, of course, is preyonder= antly a mental process und is not itself at all the Self-Observation, The psychologica! activity of Sel{-Olservation is defined Ly Seven limiting characteristics, of such a kind that, in the absence of any one of them, it cannot correctly be said that Self-Observas Mion takes place. Here they are, exactly as stated Ly Orage: 1. Self-Obseryation includes no element of criticism. This means that the {mpartial attitude of the scientist must still be adopted. No genuine Inquirer investigates anything with the notion that he Is to be prepared either to condone or to approves 6 ‘THE ORAGEAN VERSION he looks to ace and’snly to see, In the same way in this partis weiar activity, when one is aware of some aspect of one's Vedy, {hat of which one is aware can only in fact be to, It cannot be tliner yood or bad, But in our cases, duc to our abnormal cone Gillen, impulses will often arise to approve of what Is seen oF cinerticive rome functioning of which one becomes aware, These fempalses ean, and nist, be excluded. The reason is nol that they veyed, either: the reason is thal, if they are present, the authen= tie activity of Sclf-Observation is net present. 2, Self-Ovservation inclodes no element of tutoriainess, 1¢ eritictem is out of place, a futorial attempt to alter and to Tmprove is mure eo. ‘There must certainly Be no attempt to sarge what one is observing in any way for, if it be changed, the Sprorlunity lo observe or to experience it, vanishes insiantly. seeeentific work great care is taken to obviate all effects upon the specimen under observation which might be due to the ing vestigation itself, lest the findings be such ae to refer not 0 he Seject of the inquiry but Instead fo back-effects of inctrementition seoe tice techniques ernployed; in the latter case the work is of Course fruitless. Similurly it must be plain immediately (hate SPane is self-observing wotne phenonvenon of his organism’ seivity, he cannot continue to do so when, for any reason, that y alters. activ 3, Self- Observation includes no element of analysis. This analysis ta h typical mental action and its prohibition inc luces ‘raver other Intellectual netivities as well, euch as comparisons vest gen dezeriptive forsmulations of the, object or objects of Stearenees, Consciousness is wot a thoughtsprocess and neither seenaienese; but Sel(-Observation is a particular kind of avwnree aoe) therefore it is present only when thinking Is excluledy 4, Self-Obcervation is possible only with non- identification, this fa the eatential and definitory crux of the entire activity Oaly when one deliberately separates onctelf from the orgnnlsm aoe ner tiny, anly when one establishes firmly the position that Mie have a bedy and that “1 am not It, ean one self-observe” Witmuat this realization there is no possibility of correct Selle Mithout Mon: and it ls subtle, Uifficult and hard to maintains Nevers rater it te demanded without equivocation, for in its absence Whatever occurs cannot be the self-observatory activity. 5, Sel{-Observation must take place within the prescribed area’ That Ia to eay that not naything or everything ean Le the Mech at gett-Observation. The objects of this activity re ter Hest ot Pe ugues they ave the phenomena of the organic body ~Nek THE ORAGEAN VERSION one has. These phenomena are inany but they are not infinite in number and they can be clissified into sp. categories. The reason that the adminition, Know Thyself, bas been familiar for so long coon in the cases of those who ave prepared to accept it ser= Towsly, ie fant that precept is nlmont always directed toward an fncornect Ghjecl, For example, in the work of the Open Secret Jlin incorrectly directed; and contequently, althongh the results iff and nunierable nd yet hin produced no actual results a dnat wark ran be valwable, especially ina practical sense, they cannot he of o finnl aul les tive value to the subject, Know Thy= self = Know Thine Orgsusion: hat as its correct meaning and, seoreever, inthis sense iL ean be valid just because in this sense it outlaws introspection’ and guesses snd jud evitable delusions prevent objective results, Let us therefare begin defining the proscribed area of Sell Observation by a Leries of exclusions, by stating categorically what Stig net, To begin with, it is of course not concerned with the ob= servation of anything outside (he subject's oe body, No external ments whose in= Phenorena whatever are the objects of this kind of chservation: Hot there are interaal phenornena also which are not tong period, the proper objrets of Self-Observation, either, Self Observation is nat observation in Hhe wual sense or in the wal fora meaning, of the tern; Lis a specific kind uf awareness. By the aoa icen, anil ab # rational corollary, unless it is a pure aware: aa (ithont intennixtare of shouphl-precesses saud/ee envutional Procenses, it ix not Self=Odservatiun. For this rearun thugs as objects uf SeH-Ormervation, To be impartially and objectively is a very dB Cull anil advanced exereises 1 one te therngelves are exclude ware of one's Hut 5 it, he finde wt a matter of seuece that he ds thinking about his thoughts. Thinking about thought Se about thoughts is introspection, it is not Self-Observation, The some is equally (rue of emotions and neither are these the proper objects of Self-Ohservation, To saif-ob: erations objectively is to be xecurately aware of the neurological Phenomena which wre their physical basis and which give rise te Them, and to do this within one's own body ix so obviously beyond erve cilher thonghls or the abilities of the pupil, on his introduction to the self-ebservatory technique, as to be worth no further discussion. There is, howevery ne indirect way in which a beginning can be made in the Self-Obser- Treion of thoughts and emotions and this will be indicated # little later. , We have therefore excluded all outside phenomena and all thought and ll emotion fromm the self-observatory activity, What fe left? There is a very great deal loft that it is possible (o self~ observe, and the easier categories of this residue are precisely the grozs behaviors of the bodily mechanism, They must not, how= te‘THE ORAGEAN VERSION ever, be considered in a vague and general way; let us first of all categorize them: 2) Posture, There are many bodily postures typical of or with « given person; there are also many postures dictated sing external conditions which are not hubituslly repeated by the subject, All of these are to be observed, not in the conse of Usting them but in the sense simply of being ecere of theta when and as they occur, They are not to Le reasoned mbout nor analyzed, nor Is Ulere to be any effort to ulter of to improve them; what is Fequired, is simply to be aware of them as they take-plaee. It quite possible, for instance, to be awa warmer than the other (when Uhis occurs) without in any way secke ing to account for the fact or even thinking about it at all; in other words il is possible simply to be aware of it, period. In the same way, this is all that is required concerning the gross fact of bodily posture, solely that one should be aware of the eurrent position of one’s body when it occurs, &) Gesture, Ina like fustion one inay obzerve the gestures that one’s body makes from time {o time. Like our postures, these are almost entirely unconsciously performed and whit is meant here, in that one must be aware of them in detail and ae~ curately a8 they occur, Do not consider whether thic or that one is often fepe: atvention is put only upun un awareness of these gestures, all the other questions about them will ancwer Uhemzelves In due course without any aytificial atlempts on the part of the subject to solve the problems for himsell. As one becomen increasingly, conscious. Of the gestures that one's body makes, he will coon come to recog nize which of them repeat again and again and thas are his gestural habits; this is the way to find out about then, not Ly any direct Cogitstion but indirectly ond enly by becoming more and more aware of them. Besides, the purpuse of Sel-Observativn is not primarily information but instead it Is an intimate alteration of conzcions ex- peri re tut one of one's hands is led or whether or wut it constitutes a habit. If the ¢) Movernent, In addition to its postures and gestures the body manifests bulk or general movensents, in walking down the street, in senting itself ina chair and thereufter in rising from it, and 50 on. Gestures, tuo, are movements Lut they are local movements of Parts only of the body; ant the present categury comprises the move= ments of the body as a whole, These lalter are to Le observed in the same way a3 are the previous categories, thatis, in the sole and Vivid sense of being aware of them as they tnke place. 4) Facial Expression, Expressions are constantly flitting a= Erosa our faces and usually we are tolully unconscious of them. But our thoughts can be Fead more accurately by others from such ‘expressions than from the words which we may be kaying at the ‘ame moment, It Is interesting to note how other people do thi: ng THE ORAGEAN VERSION they do not become acquainted with our rent meanings by analyzing our expressions and tivorizing about them, instend they recoparee the expression and its meaning just by noticing il, "The same eon easily be a by-product of our wien abe ervation of our own facial express Sions bul the main thing, once more, 1s simply to be aware of wh tnd how snd in what detail they occur, ) Tove of Voice, tere a ner we are spenking ani are often aurprixed tnt out companions in we Kellom Feline in what man= dixrey our tunes of voice contrarily indiente. that we are making an anileniabte point in argument when in fact the point itself 1s denied by the very tone of voice in whieh we put it forward. More than our word we really inciin and it will wstonizh the leginner to discover how much of this he always miistes and how hard it is to he aware of these intonntions az others hear them, A wieestecording of hie own voice will quickly convince the sulujeet that thls ts te. Of course he is not to try to change his tones in any way, for im that cose he will lose what he wishes to ebseeve. Ile is once vd the Jiteral meaning of our words but take intend what us we often suppose our tones of voice signify what gain simply to be aware of them as they oceur, We now have the five cateyories of gross Uchavior which "are to be the first olijects of Self-Observatiun. They are Posture Gesture Movement Fa Tone of Voice cial Expression The viay to accomplish this is not to attempt them all at once . but to take them one at a time in succession, Take Posture first, 1 will Ve found to be very difficult merely to remember to be evare of postures when they occur; and of course to remember shout them afterwards is not Self-Olservation but instead is a {ereht-process called memory, Then, when one remembers a= Lout it Currently, one must do it, for a eue is only a cue and Selt= Observation is the activity itself, It is further necessary to lick With this one category of Posture until one has been able to inake Some progress with it, until one is assured fur himself that he can reully be aware of this aspect of his body at least reasonably often, A may take a week, two weeks, a month in any particular case, Only then should the subject drop this first category and yo on to the next, Afler they have all been gone through and some proficiency attained In each one, the next step will be to put them together, st in pairs, and (o be aware, for instance, of Facial Expres= a Sion and Gesture at the same time. The final step is to put them 20‘THE ORAGEAN VERSION ait together and to have a simeltoncous awarences of ail five eaten gorles; but this ix a long way off, 6, Self-Observation is to be conducted by means of all avail able perceptions. This means that oné is not to use only one mode sie nsory perception in the exercise of Sel{-Observation, Wut att c\ailable modes, For example, one can sce the position of one’s wegesed lega well enough, i{ one looks at them, but this is not the Shiy mennd available, The muscular tensions snifthe preacurcs srizing from the position will inform one immediately of this park wtine posture, as weil né of other integral parts of it, anil x Sel Ghecreation of the posture consists in an accurate awareness: of Ghote cenory aspects which together create a picture of the jos ture In consciousness. Muscular tensi te ee pur facial expressions, while our auditory sensation will felt ve Shout our tones of voice, In the latter cnse it fs necessary not Guay to hear ther but to hear them as others hear theny (6 partinily, Lees, with none identifiealton; and this sare element tusk Paeecetent in ail other observations, tuo, The point of the present Kaatore of Self-Observation is thal all appropriate senses are te te cniployed in the awareness directed toward any category and tees complete a picture ag poszible is to Le constructed. Sasthermore, in respect of the sensations by means of hich the Self-Observation of rpveific eategories of bodily behavior 58 ae ethere nelnce angther possibility of awarencss. This fs wot ihe pecsiuility of obrerving the sentation itself to do that woul fmapty the nbility te ubserse dircetly the neurological phenomens Ain Compriae the sensation, Nevertheless, it i possible to be ceechore mware of the senzation than we ever are and to Trring it ie etvidiy into the field of our consciousness. For intnnce, we iy unconseivnt of the raany Iwnpulscs affecting out syes and mabing up ove changing fields of vision: ouly the focvs SP cigia is partially clear (o un and we mise mort of the periznery Cnitrely, But itis poscible, by an active effort of consciousness. ceive aware of the whole field of vision, of the outer elements ee cena below and to right and Jeft of the central portion. his caee cis meant by the Self-Observation of sight or of any,ether 1s oe ne T it Ia necessary to be wnconfused slsout ft: iUdoes seeuan an abzervation of the sensation jiself but instead it ree ieaim increase in the vividness and completeness of the s2n- Freee, Lrought about by an active effort of consciousness Sn Fee ation to It. Weve again the number of our sensations Ie not infinite and te ta aquired to make & definite Net of them in order to deal Aah nem tn order and professionally. Such » supplementary Tist for Self-Observation may be stated as follow ns likewise chiefly inform 121 THE ORAGEAN VERSION Vision Temperature: a) heat Audition 5 v) cold Olfaction Pain Pressure: a) deep Equilibrium v) tight Gustation tickle — (Ileart Beat) (rete Beat) The last two, heart beat and pulue eal, are put in parentheses Beever they are nob senzations Wut inter«l behaviors reported tone by sensations, chiefly of pressure; but Wey are alse items of which it is possible occasionally to be aware. ‘Phe present list is supplementary (o the rain list of cross podily behaviors given previously but awareness is also 10 be cnereised in regari to this supplementary, sensory Mist. Its eee aiso to be taken first separately amt then in covbina nr and efforts of this kind, correctly direct; Increase the Sel/-Consciousnese of the subject. will iwevitably 7, Self-Obnervation is to be confines! to no particulier time or place. ‘The activity is not to be exercised only fur some given faif-hour in the morning oF only for ten sninate: rar ine night ar oniy in the privary of one’s stuly. To the contiary the pavpore is to be aware of these specific bodily behaviors and aoe ee tave aensings every time it proves possible to de so and the fine! peal is tu be ahte tu do So ail the time, straight throug tg day facet and eventnally even daring the time the body bes omnes quiescent at ni inomediately wee. andeed, if it were possible lo he currently aware of the Hers Qinted and in the sense described for enly a very short Uine, one cM have establizhed the state of Sel{-Conseionsness ina final sey repentatle at will, ICthis happened two quickly, it would, ax fad Ueeh eaid, produce a severe anil undesirable shock but the fare retiring Int, Of course this 1s entirely out of the question ‘he aequirement of such an ability is x long way ‘rot involved! in the prevent technique is far too difficult for that Sad it will be found thot even a slight progress will he so slow as qe ulaminn any fear of premature success, The whole significance iT this inst feature of Self-Observation is that the effort is to be cratinnows, oF at least as continuous as the subject can mike its SeifObscrvation is te be practised under all the conditions of Grdinary Jive, not just at special limes oF jn particular places. "To sun it up, the prezent technique is defined by the specific features below and, if any of them be omitted, then it is not the technique deceribed, Self-Observation is to be practised: 1. Withouteriticism 4, With non-identification 2. Withouttutorisiness 5. Within the prescribed area 3, Without analysis 6, Withallavailabte sensory perceptions 7, With confinement to notime or places azTHE ORAGEAN VERSION Of these seven criteria the first four are all concerned with the non-personal impartiality of the subject; but by far the most important of them is non-identifieation, indeed (his is the very. touchstone of the whole matter, I is'this separation of the subject from what he observes which is the inner definition of the activity and which sets i off distinctly from any other activity superficially resembling it. Non-identification is even more than impartiality, it Io the foundation beneath true impartiality snd the only foundation upon which the latlér can genuinely Ue built, Also it is the most difficult Lo fulfill of all the criteria concerned, We are in the habit al of identifying ourselves with all sorts of things, external me erusades und internal moral nud emotional altitudes, business pro= and even mentalistic philosophies and ereeds; positions and purpose: ion with our own but of all of these the utlimate and basic identific: bodies is the strongest, and the core of all of it is our IWentification with our own Chief Features, Unconsciously one assumes that one this false identification (for ezsen= G4 one's ownGhief Feature. Iti tially Chief Feature is no different from any other automaticaily acqsired feature) which must be broken, before £0 apparently an unconnected activity as Self-Observation can be carried out. It is not easy to do so bul it must he done, One must repuiliate his iden~ fication with all aspects of his body and make the real separation innplicit in the assertion, I" have a body; only so can *" exist At all or be other than the empty word which hitherto is all (hat 5 been, Only “I can self-olserve and to de so, I" must gain the actuality of nun-identifieation, There are a number of further remurks to be made about Sell Observation, Of course it must Le done concurrently with the be~ Naviors and the sensations that are its first objects, that is, the Self-Observation must occur at the same time and with the occur~ Fences of the Uchaviors and the sensations, We have already s that a later "awareness" of them is really a memory aid not an. awareness; the type of awareness or consciousness that iz involved In Self-Observution must always be an awareness of what is happens ing just when that happening lakes place. When it is understood thal Self-Observation is not primarily concerned with the accumu- Jation of any information but instead Is basically related to an alteration in the very level of consciousness itself, it will be seen that its concurrence with the phenomena toward which it is directed, 1s an essential part of the process, ‘Awa by-product, however, a great deal of information will be accumulated of necessity. Mcreover, this information about era fi 123 THE ORAGEAN VERSION one's body and one's behavior will he far more valuable and ac curate then what enn be 4 ned through the work of the Open See~ Fet, just beeause it consizis of realizations rather than of de~ ductions. Deductions are fallible not only Leenuse of the possibilities of error in the process by whieh they are reached but, even if the deductive procedure be correet mm every respect, thy also suffer from the lack uf acsuranee that the premises from whieh they der Five, are actually corvect.premises. The case is very different with the persunal realizations resulting frot Gelf- Observations Wiiat has been intimately experienced in ch an indubituble validity far greater than anything effected by Uneor ine ing of mental manipulations, In this regard Self-Obser vation Unows & forceful Munsinstion upon the tasks of deecriplive inaly= tis previously andertaken Wis sls 9 source of fuformation quite different froin the lest book kno ledge uf one's unganizin that in te be gaineu teem a course in physiology. One's own body never eorrexpone exrethy to the sort of generalization diagrammed ina text and aften the discrepancy i notstile in more than one sense, It an one sente, If yon rently want fo know about your body, you mist learn how lo he sware ol tin detail. But iL must always be remembered thet sll thie tsa bye Prealuets ii never the ehict goal or purpose ef Sell-Oheesenton Reel The eatepuries token as the first objeets of Seif-Ohservation are seteited in accordance with a certain principle, und the pine ciple is that in their cases the observation: " i are open to outside Nion, They are checkuble, This novel activity is so subtle and mistakes are $0 easy to make regardin Uist the euijectre own alfirinaticns and impressions abou whit he hee done oa se doing, cannot safely be tehew at theit face values mdced tate tan concerns ross ledily Uehnvion, prosfs of neeurne Sellcourers vation enn usually be obtained fram other persons and, if necessary, Instrumental eheching is possibile by means of motion vieteren, shove all its demanded that the subject mut develoy, sad he come accustomed lo, the self-observatory technique in.» real nod nronee sense; and a: i ee wrance must be had Uhat he is not phantas ying ying or dreaming about it but has begun to experience what it genuinely is, Later he must enter fields of Self-Olservation where confirmation 4s not so easily to be obtained and, unless both he and others can rely upon previous accomplishments established beyond ¥oult, he may be lost indeed, Haste here is inexcusable because its retults are 60 serious, Many persons have been known who supposed themselves com. Petent in this first step of Sel{-Observation long before they in naa‘THE ORAGEAN VERSION fact were and who prematurely esanyed the far more difficult tasks iehoserving Centre £2 and Centre #3 phenomens; hey have emerged oe oeetnis with almost unbelievable pantasie’s regarding their Pais and, if nothing more serious has hisppened to then, they seeentgat ail possibility of continuing this kind of work on thein= ware elo einail time is required in order to complete adequstely Tie ttast step in which gross bodiy behavior and its associated ets ations are the gole objects of Seif-Obrovvation: the weiter has seat (mown of anyane who accomplished it adequately in tess then fa number of years. ‘Dut paracoxieaily, although it may take #0 long, Ht consumes po timers This mast be plain from the fact that the observations se concurrently with the happening of what is observed ‘king them set apart from That is, there is no special ime for m the times of ail the other activities in which one's life consists nnd it ts not necessary to allot some perind, subtracted from ‘her occupations, in which to prowecute Sel{-Observation, Tust fo the contrary, these observations must be made exactly shen hee events re Wuking place and thus they cannot dinvinich (he tine available for such differ: iis alse sometimes objected that Lo engage one’s attention upon the self-observatory activity must distract one interinina DY 1, ifony becomes i activities. from other neatters in hand at the mornent and th creetved in this, he vill never get anything else done the whole day sanee Dut apuin the opposite is true, Far from rendering one ines seeiamey in He asnal conduct of ordinary life this activity actually Hrocented both the neeuracy anil the speed of one's reactions to the cee dtitions one confronts wd to the various atinveli that make up those conditions. Torceinent by argument or theory; ali one has to do is to try 4 torte convinged nt once that the statement is a correct ones Fore although Sell-Observation can only be directed solely toward the Phenomena of one's organism, the inerensed activity relsting 1 Tincrnatly originating stimu will spread to and affect externa ty. + Criginating stinvali also, rendering them clearer and more vivid cri nos, as a by-product, one becoines more accurately aware wii ic external eurroundings, But it raust be emphasized that (his fom bysproduct only: if one permits his attention to wander incore vectiy and directly to outside events, then the genuine Process ce Tha even the by-product will be lost. There are certain pseudo-methods somewhat resembling (he Method, and there are other traps and ambushes into which one Thay fall, that merit some mention here. Especiatty in ceria wey cin'socealied schools there exist numerpus exercises, often Rapposed to be of an esoteric nature, whose fallacy consists B6P~ SEER In thie: that having received some traditional information Stgacding higher levels of consciousness and even regdeding Forme his navertion does not stand in need of rein~ . THE ORAGEAN VERSION of the objective phsyient symptoms accompanying such normaly sine iated states, ach Sexercises are designed artifiea lly 10 tv cota Ree htayonting physient symptoms in the Tone thereby of aoe easing the conscious atate by indirection, It is as if = suf Fence front smalipor should entertain the hope that by painting the exterior of lis hody int the hu vat health he might here= Ui have recovered from the disease of thick bis shin enters Bre ee mee yonptont. Ttis true that, by an artilickal reinstatement Of cae a eyvimmges, na cuuitional experiance cnn be re-established Ter the exereise deeeted oosssil emotional relocation); bel (is tol deve that by an artifieiel reinstatement of physical 8yinptenys whagher level of conseiguanchs ¢. 1 he established, The difference aonceea sacha technique aud Self-Olservation ought tw be porfectly aeeeeet ie activity of Seil-Observation, as defined. is a directly soireonneious activity and, instead of seching ty produce some or sner symptom of the stale of Self-Consciousness, it is a direct cttampi Un eatablish partially that higher level of consciousnens sete rom its very firat step Sell-Observation is directly cane ett ith thal type uf oetive awareness which defines and (+ the of no: state of Solf-Conseiousness fof the mentioned Eastern schools there ‘Amon; the exerci sea denied which holds # prominent place and whirl is cour erned y contyolled modes of breithing, such as ceaoting bicaths trough one nostval at a time, ani the Ike with vazinws deliherat Naw it is trve that the reflex modes of Ureathing are different in se states of Self-Consciousness anit of Cosnric Conscious Jentina they uve tnatually different in the Steep and YE hou ty wetting up artificially that mode of Ureathirg whieh may he y wtates. Consciousness, for instance, what is patural to the shite of Sel tained ie wot thst level of egnsciousness itself bul instead it 4 aoepentertest and nbnornsal state resembling the genwine comlition only in respect of the breathing sya Such eercises are here definitely elated to be harmful, And indeed even the Selt-Olervation of these modes of breathing nat= ivited by our techuigue at the pre~ it will have heer. woliced that easily ob ure} to the Waking state are pr sent stage of the work, No dou breathing, although it is 4 easily observable than I civable a posture and more ‘et bent, has Leen omitted from the cate Gorice of behavior town rd which the first steps of Sell- Observation soratg be directed, That omission is by no means an oversight. The ae ie that Urenthing is a very delicnte and a very complicated re- flee sation and that the pupil's meddling in it at his present stage ae ineompetence may upset its intricate balances injuriously, it might conceivably fil during the Sleep stale and by such failure cause his death, see ench reasons it is too dangerous a category :0 be adinilted during the early work of this kind and its omission Is obligatory. gven to the extent of so disarranging it t 126THE ORAGEAN VERSION But more likely to be cinbraced at the beginning than any of the above, are the fallacies concerning the obervation of thoughts and emotions by thy subject. Logicully it would seein thst, if the technique be dirceted toward Centre 01, it anijt also he directed toward Centres #2 and 03. But wctually it is not directed toward the histology of Centre £1 but only toward the grass behavior of the bouly us a whole; and the Centre #2 and Centre #3 phenomena Are not gross but minute phenomena. If one seeks, tthe present singe, to observe # thought, he cennot do 10 because there ix nothing there ty observe; his cun> sciousness will not at all reach to the abjestive neurelocical et in foct constitate a thought, At the sune tne, to te, phenomena formulute that ¢ shonght is elear or confused, complen or a ty not Self-Observetion but instead it 14 introspeetion: just fo notice that one's valhing ix slow or fart or thet ¢ nuscular Hension is etrong or veok, te foraulutvon of description but vt os never the primary oserencss that is Self-Ubservntian, The delusion that one is velfoobserving when in fact one ix either iutrorsecting or just formulating, is very eaty to entertein und the difference Letveen the latter and genuine observation constitutes one of the real subtteticn tha: aust be distinguished eleerly ly the subject at this fiat atape The ese is the sone vith enntions, only nore an, due to the Joet that Wey are anre repid and wnetable then thon ole cree on enotion directly ia now eatte inpossible; and, just ae With thoughts, nerely to describe thes currently in cencral terme or te categorize then et being positive, negative, stremg, weak, and soon, ull thas ix introspect The eave with the observation of gross Ledily behavior is authentically different, In the observation of the category of erent, one does rot think that he is valkings he thinks of sune= thing elve altogether and ta juet ingly evare thit the walking selivity Ge taking places hen from this there ix exeluled all tional reference end when to Gt there is added « Vetuile eware= neat of all the varions physical expects of the walking, (hit te Uf-Obrerwation, hen tu eetasl practice this hind of pure end Unaised osarcnens is expecienced personally, if ts the possible to cone to that realisation uf the difference of avorences from thought und fron esation and from sensing which eas epoken of fon pege 115, obove. But as to both thoughts and motions there is a preliminary and indireet way in which they may becoine the objects of Self Observation even al the present period of the work, Since the various subdivisions of the body are closely connected intra organically, i.c., since close interconnections exist between Cen tres fl, #2 nnd #3, various Uhought-processes are accompanied by symptomatic. muscular tensions in one of another part of the Lody and different kinds of thought-processes are also associated with typical bodily postures, even sometimes with an habitual series of gestures or local movernents of hands or feet, The same is true of emotions; indeed the latter are so closely conjoined with lar and if is not Sel f-libsertution, i i THE ORAGEAN VEKSION corresponding postures and facial expressions. for example, that they may be artificially stated by a deliverate wssumition of these bodily phenomena. ‘Thus the Self-Olervation of the different categories uf physical Vehavior is already a kind of indirect ob- servation both of mental and of emvational states and provided, a8 always, that analysis, formulitory processes and judgments be resolutely excluded from the teehuiqur, just as a by-product of Such observations the true nature of his thoughts anid emotions will gradually hecome clearer in the ont his own specific efforts to that end enough. No direet approach to thoughts as yet frasitle and Self-Observation is to be confined strictly to the definite categories previously listed, There is another way, too, In which mental and emotional attribuies must be excluded from the work of Self-Observation in accordance with ils own limiting definition, The exrhision of criti¢ivin and analysis refers directly tu the abseace of thought= Processes in the technique and the exclusion of eriticisin and tulorialness refers to the comparable absence of emotions! futer= ference. Dut since the work of the Open Secret proceeds hand in hand with the work of the Hidden Seeret, and in fact the former is much strengthened and iMuminated by the latter, it is neeenen ry continually to keep thy pupil rensinded of the real distin lion br tween the two and to be on guard ay ther, ubject's consciousness with For the present that is nd emotions as such is inst the tenaplation .0 conluse hag OLf0H 88 8 Feaute of disenasions anane the pupils tianeeting at (is stage ond sosetiaen axe comesunce af infornatoen they oe have guthered correctly or incoricetly concerning ansther Verney of the Gurdjseffinn ideas, there nay artiece desire te mtisater ne [ib sr porsible, the nore eriluus tarke of Selfotbecreat ion fact] ong fe expend the greater effarts apon the more tntereitiog oa wath nective snveatication of their pertonlitien., There sul teeefore le those sho vould have the rest believe thet there, intenipectioe judgments, provided enly that they be nade regarding Ten tovste aettera, Constitute Legitimate verbs fut thie ie the cove only in respect of the (yen Sceret onl the letter wark te ttself only gree Lininary to the genuine vork of establesheng the state af Sef fe Consciousness through the techninae of Sel fedbvervet tony tt continues during the velf-ekservatory eetivity, not beceuse it ins nore ad, venced type ef work but because it iyo tonfarcunfinsahea hiad of sork, To. inogine that one can Lightly en hestily ahve aver the cord of Sel{-Observat ion and then return to intromicetive jalgrente Feloting to personal habits ond beheviore, Chie] Reatere, Tyne and soon, is to indulge « follocy desirective of the entire project Furthernore, this Tatter vithfat aspect evidences eeeltate aetigoneel, notional Jenaticisn and serve to catrange never, bul serious ine quiters who, thenselves being rationally Level. headed, will met ace Witude as corresponding with their avn gravity of inguiry; ond in this fashion many nen of genuinely objective por= cept such onTHE ORAGEAN VERSION pose nay be Loate The truth Gx thed ihe orton! of faith and Fee weretion, af steuccling and strivings “re Ta) of wlece in the see ae gays their plnee is the second Her {it Bark of eeligion, and eur TOT: caent theanelvce ay pontulunts Of (6 Fourth Hay, hey senna connterfeitas Tt hee been the exper igre of the writer, im aoe eernop hin own gronpay thet ohen weeps of this Gre are the cond ee neabers of the groupe they shoals Le dismissed Joon the group work wpan one DULCE CF nate as wean ox possible Wor ihe objective benefit of the rensinge’ of the grou. Tht tt Jor awn auch persone are of tne gvotions! [O16 ¢ Ot type, for cae eee agpe com adopt the Fourth fay ont Qectee veluuble eg nenters in avenciation with other 300i! Te an beranse in coat aires enotionality es been ae intalget and becone 40 #96 thea dev the expente of the other nine Lamar thet the pox weed Miplacve loping the necessary balance 80t 170 fost for cood. see persons there be now open only the Tey lof Keligion end thot ta the fay they should seek peri tip to this point we Iinve been dincussing Vly the firs of the first stage of he Method, This (rst sn Consists of the ot ouservation of the defined eateuorics Of Ye) al behaviors Jo protecute this particular work Were be Gemanied the expen= Jhuree of » special hind of energy which specifically is not mentaly dite pol or muscular energy. What, then: 1) Ue apecial ene TBYs cetiomjoes it come abd hows may He sie 9e inerenced? I wees iptace, it ae Centre @4 encegys BM Cove fs is at present ae ramctional and so cannot furnish @ Sul of its own proper and these are the eneriye evaona who can inaugurate this Work for not everyone step cee rigy, In sume cases, however can do #0 =~ there is 8 Linys vee pee -necumulated supply of (he sar Mieite energy at hand. Tt derives fron Hee few penwine selt= reat intone oF close near-misses which they Nat already hap> pened to make once of twice during Vieir lives up te the moment Hemet ey encountered this works and his very ‘shvatl aupply of £0 Tee Mega energy of « comperable Kind Shee for the first be~ finntng of the self-obserestory 96tl iY: ‘Thereatter every gensine cinnine Seevation whieh Ix made, produces 29 0°04 of the same Centre #1 energy which in turn inay De Utilized for further self ceeereational work, Thus the very Leginnink 6 the most preci t= seer age of all from the viewpoint of (he ene FY required, whieh see eiflee will increase as the Work PrORressi0: saften willyarent corotiney to the above SiN Oeh is not true. ‘as anyone can vestify who has token part (0 Ne work, avery 86° As arvent is necezenry in order to make (he Sbservations required Ly the technique, This active effort Ss nace ty upon each 0c= vy ne NGhiem a single observation is mades Pele ‘although the enersY seelante for the purpose does in fact inerenke Be further observa available [pedey the active effort demanded anon “0° manifesta= Wiens the melivity does not decrease, In olor ‘words, Self-Obser~ vgtton can never become a habit, a8 can anY nctivity of the bodys THE ORAGRAN VERSION including nat only museular reactions ft alse cert) Was of WMinuingtas well as particyar emotional attitaless "That is because HE ne STytter functions really are oxanic fanclions, matter sesgnch: we nay falzely ientify eursetses oil them, whereas pew TOpservation is not an organic fometion tut nls is a gendine Sees fant the. enty currently porsible function) of Ay eae ean be, aint often is, habitized: bt ne ely subjective, the "T sey tare ie a real distinction betweer the two fact tint Self-O} te comme hisbitized hs bodily activity wh activity of the vllini can become 8 hibit, In the experienced aa nation does not become easier, i.e. does not srentinaes to require a similarly active of fort no inatter how often the activity has been (orinor confirsention of Ue reality of the distine ion helwerd “re sc and x farther evidence thst the rasentrany, 1" Nave Ladys a either am analogy OF an wseif proposition, Instendy 1S ctatement referring 12 genuine Reality. jesteW, lies 8 pact fan naked have Bong will take the subject fo wets the etilebucevatory teclaique, to be obey that is, velunin ty and virenever he wishen, 10 Be 5 eye af the indiented categarias of Ris creme benavior in the defined sense, On the face of i IN question is imp ae serok mathematics or to becvine sranainied wi UM wealy of dened reer eran, Tlow Jong will # tikes one to tuneter he reenemmayaprines mogern chensstey 7 The tue reaired aepecion ef the ensray expented aud alee tf Whe 2c) of cor- ie inees with whieh it iz expended, The comiilions surrounding the papit have a bearing bere <7 the Rina of sayy ivy sells bie 8 seeing his effin and of course the relative en gree of fyrnpathetic mutuality between himelf anal the leader oF teacher of the letence sia de ‘ony, But the 1 factor vill be how nmich «nergy Ma rscll i able to enpensl, For thir renson na two wnt’ & of ony group progress exactly equslly Theoreticnlly Me sell srectectory ability ean be mastered im a day oF less actually it cee reaned, es we have seen, this is really » Veneto al