COMPREHENSIVE VOLTAGE DROP CALCULATIONS

Voltage drop calculations are best made using the purposes of voltage drop estimation without correction. information provided in Tables 1 through 4. These tables Other configurations may include: give a multiplying factor, Factor A, expressed in units of volts per ampere per one thousand feet of conductor. 1) Three phase, four wire installations in which the neutral conductor is included in the bundle of phase conductors. For current loads at or above 75% of the conductors rated 2) Three phase installations employing three or four wires in which the conductors are laid flat beneath a common ampacity, use the data presented in either of Tables 1 or 3 restraining clip. as applicable. Values are based on an assumed conductor temperature of 90C. For loads less than 75% of the 3) Single phase, two or three wire installations in which the conductors are installed with sheaths in contact in conductors rated ampacity, use the data presented in a single bundle. either of Tables 2 or 4, again as applicable. Here, values are based on an assumed conductor temperature of 75C. Tables 3 and 4 are applicable to three conductor cable Tables 1 and 2 have been derived on the basis of cables installations. installed as per Pyrotenax recommendations for single conductor, three phase circuits, that is, in trifoil bundles Once the proper Factor A has been selected from the containing one conductor from each phase. However, the tables, the voltage drop is easily calculated with the factors given are sufficiently accurate when applied to other following equations: installation configurations that they can be used for the Voltage drop (in volts) Voltage drop (in percent) = = Run Length (ft) X Conductor Current (amps) X Factor A (from table) 1000 Voltage Drop (volts) X 100 Circuit Voltage (volts)

Note that these calculated voltage drops represent the line to line voltage drop in a three phase system. To estimate the single phase voltage drop, simply multiply the three phase line to line voltage drop by 1.16. In those rare instances in which the line to neutral voltage drop in a three phase system is required, multiply the line to line voltage drop by 0.58.

EXAMPLE 1
Given: Load Current = 100 amperes Cable Reference = 1/1/0-512, #1/0 System Voltage = 600 volt, 3 phase Power Factor = 0.85 Run Length from source to lead = 500 feet Cables installed in 3 phase, 3 wire trifoil bundle. Line to line voltage drop Percentage drop

From Table 2 for single conductor installations at 75C, Factor A = 0.209 volts per ampere per thousand feet Voltage Drop = 500 X 100 X 0.209 1000 10.4 volts 10.4 X 100 600 1.7%

= Percent Voltage Drop =

Estimate:

Rated ampacity 1/1/0-512, #1/0 single conductor cable is 260 amperes (NEC); 245A (CEC) Ratio of load to rated ampacity is 100/245=0.408 therefore use table based on 75C conductor temperature.

TABLE 1 - voltage drop Factor A - for single conductor cable in trifoil - 90C conductor temperature
Cable Reference 1/6-340 1/4-402 1/3-449 1/2-449 1/1-496 1/1/0-512 1/2/0-580 1/3/0-621 1/4/0-684 1/250-746 1/350-834 1/500-1000 Cable Reference 1/6-340 1/4-402 1/3-449 1/2-449 1/1-496 1/1/0-512 1/2/0-580 1/3/0-621 1/4/0-684 1/250-746 1/350-834 1/500-1000 Cable Reference 3/14-387 3/12-480 3/10-480 3/8-590 3/6-621 3/4-746 Cable Reference 3/14-387 3/12-480 3/10-480 3/8-590 3/6-621 3/4-746 Conductor Size AWG / MCM 6 4 3 2 1 1/0 2/0 3/0 4/0 250 350 500 Conductor Size AWG / MCM 6 4 3 2 1 1/0 2/0 3/0 4/0 250 350 500 Conductor Size AWG / MCM 14 12 10 8 6 4 Conductor Size AWG / MCM 14 12 10 8 6 4 100 0.874 0.550 0.438 0.347 0.276 0.220 0.175 0.141 0.114 0.097 0.074 0.056 Lagging Power Factor in Percent 95 90 85 0.851 0.542 0.435 0.349 0.281 0.227 0.184 0.151 0.125 0.109 0.086 0.069 0.816 0.523 0.421 0.339 0.274 0.223 0.182 0.151 0.126 0.111 0.089 0.072 0.778 0.501 0.405 0.327 0.266 0.218 0.179 0.149 0.125 0.111 0.090 0.074 80 0.740 0.479 0.388 0.314 0.256 0.211 0.174 0.146 0.123 0.110 0.090 0.075 75 0.700 0.455 0.370 0.301 0.246 0.203 0.169 0.142 0.121 0.108 0.089 0.076

TABLE 2 - voltage drop Factor A - for single conductor cable in trifoil - 75C conductor temperature
100 0.834 0.525 0.418 0.331 0.263 0.210 0.167 0.135 0.109 0.093 0.071 0.054 Lagging Power Factor in Percent 95 90 85 0.813 0.518 0.416 0.334 0.269 0.218 0.177 0.145 0.120 0.105 0.084 0.067 0.780 0.500 0.403 0.325 0.263 0.214 0.175 0.145 0.122 0.107 0.087 0.071 0.744 0.480 0.388 0.314 0.255 0.209 0.172 0.144 0.121 0.107 0.088 0.073 80 0.707 0.458 0.372 0.302 0.246 0.203 0.168 0.141 0.120 0.107 0.088 0.074 75 0.670 0.436 0.355 0.289 0.237 0.196 0.163 0.138 0.118 0.105 0.087 0.074

TABLE 3 - voltage drop Factor A - for three conductor cable - 90C conductor temperature
100 5.587 3.508 2.209 1.389 0.873 0.549 Lagging Power Factor in Percent 95 90 85 5.328 3.352 2.116 1.336 0.845 0.536 5.057 3.184 2.012 1.273 0.808 0.515 4.783 3.014 1.907 1.208 0.769 0.492 80 4.508 2.843 1.801 1.143 0.729 0.468 75 4.233 2.671 1.694 1.077 0.688 0.443

TABLE 4 - voltage drop Factor A - for three conductor cable - 75C conductor temperature
100 5.329 3.346 2.107 1.324 0.833 0.524 Lagging Power Factor in Percent 95 90 85 5.083 3.198 2.019 1.275 0.807 0.512 4.824 3.038 1.921 1.215 0.772 0.492 4.564 2.876 1.820 1.154 0.734 0.470 80 4.302 2.713 1.719 1.092 0.696 0.448 75 4.039 2.549 1.617 1.029 0.658 0.424

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