Structure 2 Fall 2013

5th Class: September 29, 2013 Modul 7 : Comparison

Paramitha Mansoer
mithamansoer@gmail.com

Universitas Terbuka
Korea Selatan

Class 5: Comparison
This module is the continuation of comparisons in Structure 1 Class. In this module, we will be discussing about: 1. Unclear Comparison: comparison that can be ambiguous or illogical 2. Repeating Comparative : repetitive comparative and how competitive can be use as superlative between 2 things 3. Double Comparative : comparative to express continuous changes 4. More used as Non-comparative : other utilization of comparative 5. Less and Fewer

Learning Activity 1
Unclear Comparison

Unclear comparison
Perbandingan dimana terdapat ketidak-jelasanan mengenai bagian yang dibandingkan. John likes Rina better than Mary Kalimat ini dapat memiliki dua arti yang berbeda: 1. John likes Rina better than Mary likes Rina, or 2. John likes Rina better than John likes Mary Pengartian diatas dibedakan berdasarkan hal yang dibandingkan. Dalam kalimat pertama yang dibandingkan adalah subjeknya (John), sementara dalam kalimat ke-dua yang dibandingkan adalah objeknya (Rina).

ILLOGICAL COMPARISON
Illogical comparison adalah perbandingan yang tidak masuk akal, sehingga perlu diperbaiki. Contoh: 1. Rina has a car smaller than her brother 2. Marys grades are better than last year Seharusnya: 1. Rina has a car smaller than her brothers car 2. Marys grades are better now than they were last year

Learning Activity 2
Repeating Comparative

The + comparative, the + comparative

Dalam bahasa Indonesia : semakin , semakin

Contoh: the bigger, the better semakin besar, semakin baik the more, the merrier semakin banyak, semakin ramai
Read this!

1. The sooner you start, the more quickly you will finish 2. The more dangerous it is, the more I like it
Learning points: More + adjective/adverb/noun tidak bisa dipisahkan More harus didahului oleh the

The + comparative form

Dapat digunakan sebagai perbandingan superlative antara 2 benda. Caranya? Dengan menambahkan proposition phrase, seperti : of the two, between them or between the two pada the + comparative form. Contoh: 1. I think the painting is the more beautiful of the two. 2. Between them, Rina is the smarter

Learning point: More harus didahului oleh the Superlative form (ex: most beautiful, smartest) digunakan untuk membandingkan 3 benda atau lebih.

Learning Activity 3
Double Comparative

Double comparative
Digunakan untuk mengekspresikan perubahan terus menerus For example: He is getting fatter and fatter. She is being more and more impatient.

Learning point: 1. Untuk kata dengan suku kata lebih dari 2, hanya kata more yang diulang. 2. Untuk kata dengan suku kata kurang dari atau sama dengan 2, pengulangan kata tersebut dengan akhiran -er. 3. Tidak boleh menggabungkan kata more dengan akhiran er dan kata most dengan akhiran -est Ex: He is more fatter salah! He is most fattest salah!

Learning Activity 4
More used as Non-comparative

More as Noun, Pronoun and Adjective

More as Noun (kata benda)

What more do you want? May I have one more, please

More as Pronoun (kata ganti)

There is still a lot of food. Do you want some more? There are some mangoes. Do you want many more?
More as Adjective (kata sifat)

I need more time to finish this job She needs more books

Learning point: 1. Sebagai kata benda more dapat berdiri sendiri ataupun didahului dengan kata one, few atau any 2. Sebagai kata ganti, biasanya more didahului oleh some atau many 3. Sebagai kata sifat, more dapat digunakan untuk countable dan uncountable adjective. Dan digunakan untuk menyatakan lebih banyak atau tambahan.

Jika more diikuti oleh determiner, maka yang digunakan adalah more of. What are determiner??? 1. Article : a, an, the. 2. Possessive : my, your, her, his, their. 3. Demonstrative : this, that, these, those. Example: 1. I would like to see more of the picture 2. May I have more of your grapes? 3. You have to read more of this information.

Learning Activity 5
Less and Fewer

Less and Fewer

Adjective dan determiner After his marriage, Bill had less money than before. Mr. Benny had fewer customers yesterday than today. Adverb tidak terlalu banyak Eat less, drink less, and sleep more. Please behave less foolishly. Less = tidak kurang apabila didahului kata no His salary is no less than 5 million rupiahs a month. Noun kurang atau jumlah yang lebih sedikit I can finish this work in less than an hour. I want fewer of these and more of those.

Less
Diikuti kata sifat dan membentuk comparative
He was less hurt than frightened. Try to be less impatient.

Bisa di ganti dengan not so ... as..

He was not so hurt as frightened. Try to be not so impatient.

None the less : tidak kurang dari

Though he cannot leave the house, he is none the less. Although he is pension, he is none the less.