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6XEURWLQDV VmR WUHFKRV GH FyGLJR SDUD RV TXDLV R SURFHVVDPHQWR SRGH VHU GHVYLDGR PHGLDQWH LQVWUXo}HV GH FRQWUROH GH IOX[R ([HFXWDGR R FyGLJR FRUUHVSRQGHQWH XP PHFDQLVPR GH UHWRUQR ID] FRP TXH D H[HFXomR GR SURJUDPDFRQWLQXHQDLQVWUXomRVHJXLQWHjTXHSURYRFRXRGHVYLR&RVWXPDVH GHQRPLQDU HVVH GHVYLR GH FKDPDGD GD VXEURWLQD H D YROWD DR SRQWR GH FRQWLQXDomRGHUHWRUQRFRQIRUPHDILJXUD 3URJUDPD SULQFLSDO ,QVWUXomR GHGHVYLR &KDPDGD 6XEURWLQD ,QtFLR )LP
(QGHUHoR GHUHWRUQR
5HWRUQR
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2SDSHOGDSLOKDQDFKDPDGDGHVXEURWLQDV
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8WLOL]DomRGDSLOKDQDSUHVHUYDomRGHUHJLVWUDGRUHV
4XDQGR VH FKDPD XPD VXEURWLQD p QHFHVViULR VDEHU TXDLV UHJLVWUDGRUHV SRGHUmRVHUPRGLILFDGRVGXUDQWHVHXSURFHVVDPHQWR6HLPHGLDWDPHQWHDQWHV GD FKDPDGD DOJXP GHVVHV UHJLVWUDGRUHV FRQWLYHU XP YDORU TXH VH GHVHMD FRQVHUYDUSDUDGHSRLVGRUHWRUQRHVWHSUHFLVDVHUDUPD]HQDGRHPDOJXPRXWUR OXJDUHGHSRLVUHFXSHUDGR$SLOKDVHSUHVWDGHIRUPDEDVWDQWHSUiWLFDSDUDHVWD ILQDOLGDGHHSRULVVRpFRPXPHQFRQWUDUWUHFKRVGHFyGLJRFRPR
PUSH PSW PUSH B CALL 1234H POP B POP PSW ; ; ; ; ; salva PSW na pilha salva par BC sub-rotina que altera BC e PSW recupera par BC recupera PSW
1RWH TXH D RUGHP HP TXH VH UHFXSHUDP RV UHJLVWUDGRUHV GHYH VHU D LQYHUVD GDTXHODHPTXHVmRVDOYRVDPHQRVTXHVHGHVHMHTXHRFRUUDWURFDGHYDORUHV
3URJUDPDomRGR
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,QVWUXo}HVGR
(VWD VHomR DSUHVHQWD DOJXPDV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GDV LQVWUXo}HV GR TXH IDFLOLWDPVXDFRPSUHHQVmRHPHPRUL]DomR 2 FRQMXQWR FRPSOHWR GH LQVWUXo}HV p DSUHVHQWDGR QR DQH[R H SDUD XPD GHVFULomR GHWDOKDGD GH FDGD LQVWUXomR UHFRPHQGDVH FRQVXOWDU >,QWH@ RX >9LVF@
3URJUDPDomRGR

)RUPDWR
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&ODVVLILFDomR
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&DGD OLQKD GH XP SURJUDPD HP $VVHPEO\ SRGH DSUHVHQWDU RV VHJXLQWHV FDPSRV ODEHO UyWXOR PQHP{QLFR RSHUDQGRV H FRPHQWiULR e LPSRUWDQWH VDOLHQWDUTXHRVODEHOVGHYHPVHUHVFULWRVVHPSUHDSDUWLUGDSULPHLUDFROXQDGH FDGDOLQKDHTXHLQVWUXo}HVHGLUHWLYDVQmRSRGHPFRPHoDUQDSULPHLUDFROXQD 2VFDPSRVVmRGHOLPLWDGRVDWUDYpVGHDOJXQVVtPERORVSUySULRVXPRXPDLV HVSDoRV HP EUDQFR SHUPLWHP VHSDUDU GRLV FDPSRV GRLV SRQWRV SHUPLWHP HVSHFLILFDURILQDOGRFDPSRGHXPODEHORSRQWRHYtUJXODPDUFDRLQtFLR GR FDPSR GH FRPHQWiULRV H D YtUJXOD SHUPLWH VHSDUDU GRLV RSHUDQGRV 2V FRPHQWiULRVHQFHUUDPVHDXWRPDWLFDPHQWHQRILQDOGDOLQKD8PH[HPSORGH OLQKDFRPWRGRVHVVHVHOHPHQWRVp
START: MVI A,00H ; Inicializa contador
1HVWH H[HPSOR START p XP ODEHO H MVI p R PQHP{QLFR GD LQVWUXomR 2V RSHUDQGRVVmRAH00H 2 XVR GRV ODEHOV DXPHQWD D FODUH]D H D IDFLOLGDGH GH PDQXWHQomR GRV SURJUDPDV H OLYUD R SURJUDPDGRU GR FiOFXOR GH HQGHUHoRV SDUD FRORFDU QDV LQVWUXo}HV 3RU H[HPSOR SDUD ID]HU XP GHVYLR SDUD XPD GHWHUPLQDGD OLQKD EDVWD HWLTXHWiOD FRP XP ODEHO H GHSRLV XVDU HVWH ODEHO FRPR RSHUDQGR GD LQVWUXomRGHGHVYLR
LOOP: MOV INX CMP JNZ A,M H L,B LOOP
; Instruo de desvio
3URJUDPDomRGR

2DVVHPEOHUVHHQFDUUHJDGHFDOFXODURHQGHUHoRGDOLQKDGHGHVWLQRHWLTXHWDGD FRP LOOP3RUH[HPSORVHHVVDOLQKDFDLUQRHQGHUHoR + RDVVHPEOHU JHUDUi QD ~OWLPD OLQKD GR WUHFKR D LQVWUXomR JMP 2010H H FRUULJLUi HVWH HQGHUHoRVHPSUHTXHRWUHFKRPXGDUGHOXJDU6HRSURJUDPDGRURSWDVVHSRU QmRXWLOL]DURODEHOWHULDTXHID]HUHVVDFRUUHomRPDQXDOPHQWH
'LUHWLYDVGRDVVHPEOHU
$V GLUHWLYDV GH PRQWDJHP SHUPLWHP GHILQLU VtPERORV HVWDEHOHFHU HQGHUHoRV HVSHFtILFRV SDUD GHWHUPLQDGRV WUHFKRV GR SURJUDPD FRPR SRU H[HPSOR R HQGHUHoRLQLFLDO RXDLQGDUHVHUYDUiUHDVGHPHPyULDSDUDYDULiYHLVJOREDLVe LPSRUWDQWH OHPEUDU VHPSUH TXH DV GLUHWLYDV QmR ID]HP SDUWH GR FRQMXQWR GH LQVWUXo}HVGRSURFHVVDGRUHTXHQmRJHUDPFyGLJRELQiULR $V SULQFLSDLV GLUHWLYDV XWLOL]DGDV HP SURJUDPDV SDUD R VmR GHVFULWDV D VHJXLUDFRPSDQKDGDVGHH[HPSORV
QRPH!'%YDORULQLFLDO!
$GLUHWLYD'%GHILQHE\WHSHUPLWHUHVHUYDUiUHDVGHPHPyULDHLGHQWLILFDUHVVDV iUHDVFRPXPQRPH2QRPHXWLOL]DGRQDGLUHWLYDWRUQDVHXPVLQ{QLPRSDUD R HQGHUHoR GR SULPHLUR E\WH UHVHUYDGR 8PD YH] TXH p SRVVtYHO UHIHUHQFLDU HVVH QRPH D SDUWLU GH TXDOTXHU SRQWR GR SURJUDPD R HVSDoR UHVHUYDGR p FRQKHFLGRFRPRXPDYDULiYHOJOREDO$VGLUHWLYDVFLWDGDVSHUPLWHPDLQGDDWULEXLU YDORUHVLQLFLDLVDHVVDVYDULiYHLVFRQIRUPHLOXVWUDPRVH[HPSORVDVHJXLU
V1 DB 200
FULDXPDYDULiYHOJOREDOGHE\WHFXMRYDORULQLFLDOp2VtPEROR V1SDVVD DVHUXPVLQ{QLPRSDUDRHQGHUHoRGDYDULiYHO$HVFROKDGHVWHHQGHUHoRSRGH VHU IHLWD SHOR SURJUDPDGRU DWUDYpV GD GLUHWLYD 25* Y DGLDQWH RX HQWmR GHL[DGD D FDUJR GR DVVHPEOHU 1HVWH FDVR D YDULiYHO VHUi VLPSOHVPHQWH FRORFDGDQDVHTrQFLDGHWXGRTXHRDVVHPEOHUYLQKDFULDQGRDWpDOL $ OLQKDDVHJXLUFULDXPDYDULiYHOJOREDOGHE\WHVLQLFLDOL]DGRV FRQIRUPH D VHTrQFLD GDGD SRGH VHU LQWHUSUHWDGD FRPR XPD WDEHOD FXMR SULPHLUR HOHPHQWRUHVLGHQRHQGHUHoRV2
V2 P1 DB 1,2,3 DB MIC
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ORG 2000H
UHIHUHVHjSRVLomRGHPHPyULDFXMRHQGHUHoRp+H
ORG $+100
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2 SURJUDPD SULQFLSDO GHYH VHU HVFULWR GH IRUPD TXH VXD OHLWXUD SHUPLWD FRPSUHHQGHU LPHGLDWDPHQWH R TXH R SURJUDPD WRGR ID] 3RU LVVR VHUYLoRV DX[LOLDUHVFRPRDOHLWXUDGRVGDGRVRXVXDDSUHVHQWDomRQRGLVSOD\GHYHPVHU GHOHJDGRV SDUD VXEURWLQDV SDUD QmR GHVYLDU D DWHQomR GH TXHP WHQWD FRPSUHHQGHU R SURJUDPD 'HVWD IRUPD R GHVHQYROYLPHQWR GR SURJUDPD SULQFLSDOVHUYHWDPEpPGHJXLDSDUDGHWHUPLQDUTXDLVVmRDVGHPDLVVXE URWLQDV TXHFRQVWLWXLUmRRSURJUDPD 2V FRPHQWiULRV VmR HVFULWRV VHP FDUDFWHUHV DFHQWXDGRV SRUTXH HVWHV FULDP SUREOHPDVSDUDRDVVHPEOHU
LETECLA EQU 02E7H MOSTRAD EQU 0363H ORG 2000H INICIO: LXI SP,20C0H LOOP0: CALL LE_DADO MOV B,A CALL LE_DADO MOV C,A CALL MULT CALL MOSTRAD JMP LOOP0 ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; sinonimos para sub-rotinas em ROM endereco inicial do programa define inicio da pilha leitura de N1 (acumulador) copia N1 para o registrador B leitura de N2 (acumulador) copia N2 para o registrador C DE = C * B apresenta resultado reinicia
$OHLWXUDGHGDGRV
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3URJUDPDomRGR
LE_DADO:CALL LETECLA RLC RLC RLC RLC MOV E,A CALL LETECLA ORA E RET ; le o digito mais significativo

; ; ; ; ;
multiplica-o por 16 digito mais significativo em E le digito menos significativo compoe numero de dois digitos retorna com numero em A
$VXEURWLQDGHPXOWLSOLFDomR
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MULT: LOOP1: MVI ADD DCR JNZ MOV RET A,00 B C LOOP1 E,A ; ; ; ; ; ; inicializacao acrescenta valor de N1 ao acumulador decrementa o conteudo de C repete a soma N2 vezes transfere o resultado para E retorno com resultado em E
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MULT: LOOP1: CONT: MVI MVI ADD JNC INR DCR JNZ MOV RET D,00 A,00 B CONT D C LOOP1 E,A ; inicializacoes ; soma N1 ao acumulador ; vai 1? ; incrementa D se a soma passa de FF ; repete a soma N2 vezes ; transfere o resultado para E ; retorno com resultado no par DE
2SURJUDPDFRPSOHWRFRQVLVWHHQWmRGRSURJUDPDSULQFLSDOHGDVVXE URWLQDV 08/7 H /(B'$'2 2 DUTXLYRIRQWH SUHFLVD FRQWHU DLQGD XPD GLUHWLYD (1' QR ILQDO &RQVXOWH R FDStWXOR SDUD FRQWLQXDU FRP D PRQWDJHP H D H[HFXomRQR$EDFXV

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7RPDQGRGHFLV}HV
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([HFXomRGHXPEORFRGHLQVWUXo}HVVH; <
CMP B JNZ CONT ... CONT: ; seta flags de acordo com X - Y ; salta se X Y ; instrues executadas se X = Y ; ponto de continuao do programa
< ([HFXomRGHXPEORFRGHLQVWUXo}HVVH;
CMP B JZ CONT ... CONT: ; seta flags de acordo com X - Y ; salta se X = Y ; instrues executadas se X Y ; ponto de continuao do programa
< ([HFXomRGHXPEORFRGHLQVWUXo}HVVH;
CMP B JC CONT ... CONT: ; seta flags de acordo com X - Y ; salta se X < Y ; instrues executadas se X Y ; ponto de continuao do programa
3URJUDPDomRGR

([HFXomRGHXPEORFRGHLQVWUXo}HVVH;!<
CMP B JC CONT JZ CONT ... CONT: ; seta flags de acordo com X - Y ; salta se X < Y ; salta se X = Y ; instrues executadas se X > Y ; ponto de continuao do programa
([HFXomRGHXPEORFRGHLQVWUXo}HVVH;<
CMP B JZ OK JNC CONT OK: CONT: ... ; seta flags de acordo com X - Y ; salta se X = Y ; salta se X Y ; instrues executadas se X Y ; ponto de continuao do programa
([HFXomRGHXPEORFRGHLQVWUXo}HVVH;<
CMP B JNC CONT ... CONT: ; seta flags de acordo com X - Y ; salta se X Y ; instrues executadas se X < Y ; ponto de continuao do programa
2 SUy[LPR H[HPSOR LPSOHPHQWD XPD FRQVWUXomR GR WLSR if.. then...

elseFRPXPHPOLQJXDJHQVGHDOWRQtYHO
([HFXomRGHXPEORFRVH; <HGHRXWURVH;<
CMP B JNZ DIFF ... JMP CONT DIFF: CONT: ... ; seta flags de acordo com X - Y ; salta se X Y ; instrues executadas se X = Y ; salto para isolar o bloco seguinte ; instrues executadas se X Y ; ponto de continuao do programa
1RWH R XVR GDV LQVWUXo}HV -& H -1& QRV H[HPSORV HP TXH p SUHFLVR GHWHUPLQDU VH ; p PDLRU RX PHQRU GR TXH < 2 FDUU\ IODJ LQGLFD VH KRXYH HPSUHVWD QD VXEWUDomR IHLWD SHOD LQVWUXomR GH FRPSDUDomR 6H KRXYH &< HQWmRRYDORUGRDFXPXODGRUpPHQRUGRTXHRGRUHJLVWUDGRUXVDGR VHQmRKRXYH&< HQWmRpPDLRURXLJXDO $WHQomR SDUD R FyGLJR D VHJXLU TXH HPSUHJD D LQVWUXomR -0 QR OXJDU GH -& SDUDH[HFXWDUXPEORFRVH; <

CMP B JM CONT ... ; seta flags de acordo com X - Y ; desejamos saltar se X < Y ; instrues a executar se X Y ; ponto de continuao do programa
CONT:
(VWH FyGLJR WDPEpP IXQFLRQD PDV DSHQDV HQTXDQWR $ % + 6H HVWD FRQGLomRQmRHVWLYHUVDWLVIHLWDDLQVWUXomRGHFRPSDUDomRVHWDRVLJQIODJHR FyGLJRSDVVDDVHFRPSRUWDUGHIRUPDFRQWUiULDjHVSHUDGD3RUH[HPSORSDUD $ + H % + R UHVXOWDGR GD VXEWUDomR LQWHUQD p + TXH p LQWHUSUHWDGR FRPR XP Q~PHUR QHJDWLYR $VVLP R FyGLJR DFLPD FRQVLGHUDULD +PHQRUGRTXH+(VWHSUREOHPDQmRDFRQWHFHDRVHXVDURFDUU\IODJH p SRU LVVR TXH R FRUUHWR p XWLOL]DU DV LQVWUXo}HV -& H -1& SDUD ID]HU DV FRPSDUDo}HV $V LQVWUXo}HV -0 H -3 GHYHP VHU XWLOL]DGDV TXDQGR IRU QHFHVViULRGHWHUPLQDUVHRUHVXOWDGRGHXPDRSHUDomRpXPQ~PHURSRVLWLYR RXQHJDWLYR 2V SUy[LPRV H[HPSORV LPSOHPHQWDP FRQGLo}HV GXSODV GH WHVWH 3DUD WDQWR FRQVLGHUHTXHVHWUDEDOKDDJRUDFRPTXDWURQ~PHURV;<=H:FRQWLGRV UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHQRVUHJLVWUDGRUHV$%&H'
([HFXomRGHXPEORFRGHLQVWUXo}HVVH; <(: =
CMP B JNZ CONT MOV A,C CMP D JNZ CONT ... CONT: ; ; ; ; ; ; seta flags de acordo com X - Y se falhar a primeira condio, no preciso testar a segunda assume-se que X pode ser destrudo seta flags de acordo com W e Z salta se falhar a segunda condio
; instrues executadas se X = Y ; ponto de continuao do programa
([HFXomRGHXPEORFRGHLQVWUXo}HVVH; <28: =
CMP B JZ OK MOV A,C CMP D JNZ CONT OK: CONT: ... ; ; ; ; ; ; seta flags de acordo com X - Y se OK na primeira, no preciso testar a segunda assume-se que X pode ser destrudo seta flags de acordo com W e Z salta se falhar a segunda condio
; instrues executadas se X = Y ; ponto de continuao do programa
3URJUDPDomRGR

5HSHWLo}HV
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/RRSLQILQLWR
LOOP: ... ; bloco de instrues a repetir indefinidamente JMP LOOP
/RRSUHSHWLGR&YH]HVVH& pH[HFXWDGRYH]HV
LOOP: ... DCR C JNZ LOOP ; bloco de instrues a repetir ; no deve alterar o valor de C ; decrementa C e seta flags;
/RRSUHSHWLGR&YH]HVVH& QmRpH[HFXWDGR
MVI A,00H CMP C JZ CONT ... DCR C JNZ LOOP CONT: ...
LOOP:
; bloco de instrues a repetir ; no deve alterar o valor de C ; decrementa C e seta flags; ; continuao do programa
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0XOWLSOLFDomRSRU
(VWHpXPGRVFDVRVPDLVVLPSOHVSRLV $VVLPEDVWDDVHTrQFLD
RLC RLC RLC RLC ; ; ; ; A A A A = = = = 2x 4x 8x 16x
SDUDPXOWLSOLFDUSRURFRQWH~GRGRDFXPXODGRU(PJHUDODPXOWLSOLFDomR SRU3VHID]FRPQRSHUDo}HV5/&RXQRSHUDo}HV55&
0XOWLSOLFDomRSRU
$PXOWLSOLFDomRSRUVHID]FRPDX[tOLRGHXPUHJLVWUDGRULQWHUPHGLiULR
RLC MOV B,A RLC RLC ADD B ; ; ; ; ; A B A A A = = = = = 2x 2x 4x 8x 8x + 2x = 10x
0XOWLSOLFDomRSRU
3ULPHLUDVROXomR
MOV B,A RLC ADD B RLC ADD B ; ; ; ; ; B A A A A = = = = = x 2x 3x 6x 7x
6HJXQGDVROXomRVRPHQWHYLiYHOVH[+
MOV B,A RLC RLC RLC SUB B ; B = x ; A = 8x ; A = 7x
,QWHUUXSo}HVGR
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'DGRVRVTXDWURUHJLVWUDGRUHVGHVHJPHQWRSRGHVHFRPSUHHQGHUDYLVmRTXH R SURFHVVDGRU WHP GD PHPyULD 8PD YH] TXH R DFHVVR j PHPyULD H[WHUQD VHPSUH H[LJH D SDUWLFLSDomR GH XP UHJLVWUDGRU GH VHJPHQWR H TXH FDGD VHJPHQWR DEUDQJH N% WRUQDVH FODUR TXH R SURFHVVDGRU Vy HQ[HUJD D PHPyULD DWUDYpV GH TXDWUR MDQHODV GHVVH WDPDQKR H QXQFD HVWi SURQWR SDUD DFHVVDU WRGDV DV SRVLo}HV GD PHPyULD GLUHWDPHQWH $ ILJXUD LOXVWUD XPD VLWXDomRKLSRWpWLFDHPTXHRVTXDWURUHJLVWUDGRUHVGHVHJPHQWRDSRQWDPSDUD GLIHUHQWHVUHJL}HVGDPHPyULD 1DGD LPSHGH SRUpP TXH KDMD VXSHUSRVLomR SDUFLDO RX PHVPR WRWDO GRV VHJPHQWRV 2 SURFHVVDGRU QmR LPS}H TXDOTXHU WLSR GH UHVWULomR DRV YDORUHV TXH SRGHP VHU FRORFDGRV QRV UHJLVWUDGRUHV GH VHJPHQWR GH PRGR TXH R SURJUDPDGRU SRGH GLVWULEXtORV FRQIRUPH OKH FRQYLHU $ VXSHUSRVLomR GH VHJPHQWRV p FRPXP HP SURJUDPDV SHTXHQRV SRLV QHP VHPSUH VmR QHFHVViULRV WRGRV RV N% GLVSRQtYHLV HP FDGD VHJPHQWR 1R HQWDQWR LVWR WRUQDSRVVtYHOTXHXPRIIVHWHUUDGRDSDUWLUGHXPVHJPHQWRYHQKDDLQYDGLU RXWURGDQLILFDQGRGDGRVOiFRQWLGRV3RUH[HPSORVHH[LVWLUVXSHUSRVLomRGRV VHJPHQWRV GH FyGLJR H GH GDGRV XP HUUR QR RIIVHW GHQWUR GR VHJPHQWR GH GDGRVSRGHFRUURPSHURFyGLJRGRSURJUDPD$UHVSRQVDELOLGDGHSRUHVWHWLSR GHHUURFDEHH[FOXVLYDPHQWHDRSURJUDPDGRU
2PLFURSURFHVVDGRU
2IIVHW

N%
&6
N%
'6
N%
(6
N%
66
)LJ(QGHUHoDPHQWRGHPHPyULDFRP
2PRGHORGHSURJUDPDomR
2XVXiULRYrRGHDFRUGRFRPRPRGHORDSUHVHQWDGRQDILJXUDTXH DSUHVHQWDRVUHJLVWUDGRUHVGRSURFHVVDGRU

$+ %+ &+ '+
$/ %/ &/ '/
$; %; &; '; 63 %3 6, ',

&6 '6 66 (6 ,3

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)LJ2PRGHORGHSURJUDPDomRGR 6mR DR WRGR UHJLVWUDGRUHV GH ELWV LQFOXLQGR RV Mi PHQFLRQDGRV UHJLVWUDGRUHVGHVHJPHQWR&6'666H(6 $OpPGHVVHVDSDUHFHPRVDVVLP

FKDPDGRV UHJLVWUDGRUHV GH XVR JHUDO $; ', R SRQWHLUR GH LQVWUXo}HV ,3 LQVWUXFWLRQSRLQWHUTXHID]RSDSHOGR3&GRHRVIODJV 2V UHJLVWUDGRUHV $; '; SRGHP WHU FDGD XP GH VHXV E\WHV HQGHUHoDGRV VHSDUDGDPHQWH3DUDLVWRDVLQVWUXo}HVXWLOL]DPRVQRPHV$+'+SDUDRV E\WHV PDLV VLJQLILFDWLYRV H RV QRPHV $/ '/ SDUD RV E\WHV PHQRV VLJQLILFDWLYRVGHVVHVUHJLVWUDGRUHV(PERUDVHMDPFODVVLILFDGRVSHOD,QWHOFRPR UHJLVWUDGRUHV GH XVR JHUDO HVVHV UHJLVWUDGRUHV QmR VmR FRPSOHWDPHQWH HTXLYDOHQWHVHQWUHVL3RUH[HPSORDVRSHUDo}HVPDLVFRPSOH[DVUHTXHUHPHP JHUDO TXH VH XVH R UHJLVWUDGRU $; TXH UHIOHWH DOJXPDV GDV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GR DFXPXODGRU GR VHX DQWHFHVVRU R 2 UHJLVWUDGRU '; p QHFHVViULR QDV RSHUDo}HV GH PXOWLSOLFDomR H GLYLVmR GH ELWV H HP DOJXPDV RSHUDo}HV GH ,2 H R UHJLVWUDGRU &; WHP R SDSHO GH FRQWDGRU QDV LQVWUXo}HV TXH GmR VXSRUWHjFRQVWUXomRGHORRSV 2VRXWURVUHJLVWUDGRUHVGHXVRJHUDO63',VmRUHJLVWUDGRUHVGHHQGHUHoRH SRU LVVR SRGHP VHU DFHVVDGRV DSHQDV FRPR UHJLVWUDGRUHV GH ELWV 2V UHJLVWUDGRU63pRSRQWHLURGDSLOKD%3SRGHVHUYLUFRPRUHJLVWUDGRUGHXVR JHUDO PDV GHVHPSHQKD WDPEpP XP SDSHO LPSRUWDQWH UHODFLRQDGR j SLOKD QD SDVVDJHPGHSDUkPHWURVHQDFULDomRGHYDULiYHLVORFDLVYFDStWXOR6,H', WrP DSOLFDo}HV GH XVR JHUDO H VmR WDPEpP HPSUHJDGRV SHODV LQVWUXo}HV GH PDQLSXODomRGHVWULQJV
&RQVLGHUDo}HVVREUHDOLQJXDJHP$60
$OLQJXDJHPDVVHPEO\GHVHQYROYLGDSHOD,QWHOSDUDRFKDPDVH$60 'HWDOKDU WRGDV DV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GHVWD OLQJXDJHP HVWi DOpP GR REMHWLYR GHVWH WH[WR PDV H[LVWHP DOJXPDV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV TXH VmR HVVHQFLDLV SDUD D FRPSUHHQVmR GRV SURJUDPDV TXH VHUmR HVWXGDGRV H TXH SRU LVVR PHUHFHP DWHQomRHVSHFLDO 2 FRQFHLWR PDLV LPSRUWDQWH H GLIHUHQWH GH RXWUDV OLQJXDJHQV DVVHPEO\ p R FRQFHLWRGH WLSR&DGDVtPERORGHXPSURJUDPD$60VHMDRQRPHGHXPD YDULiYHOXPVLQ{QLPRSDUDXPHQGHUHoRRXXPVLQ{QLPRSDUDXPDFRQVWDQWH WHP XP GHWHUPLQDGR WLSR 0XLWDV YH]HV R DVVHPEOHU QmR SUHFLVD TXH R SURJUDPDGRU GLJD H[SOLFLWDPHQWH TXDO R WLSR GH XP VtPEROR SRLV SRGH GHGX]LORSRUFRQWDSUySULD3RUH[HPSORHP
MOV AX,[BX] ; copia o word endereado por BX para AX
R DVVHPEOHU SRGH GHGX]LU TXH R FRQWH~GR D VHU FRSLDGR GD PHPyULD p XP ZRUGSRLVRUHJLVWUDGRU$;pGHELWV0DVQRFDVRGDLQVWUXomR
INC [BX] ; incrementar byte ou word ???
2PLFURSURFHVVDGRU

R DVVHPEOHU QmR WHP FRPR VDEHU VH GHYH LQFUHPHQWDU R E\WH TXH UHVLGH QR RIIVHW%;RXVHGHYHLQFUHPHQWDURZRUGTXHUHVLGHHP%;%; 1HVWH FDVR RDVVHPEOHUJHUDULDXPDPHQVDJHPGHHUURREULJDQGRRSURJUDPDGRUD GHFLGLUTXDOGRVGRLVHIHLWRVGHVHMDTXHDLQVWUXomRWHQKD2SURJUDPDGRUWHP TXHGL]HUTXDORWLSRGDYDULiYHOHQGHUHoDGDLQGLUHWDPHQWHSRU%;HVFUHYHQGR
INC BYTE PTR [BX] ; incrementa o byte de offset BX
SDUDLQFUHPHQWDURE\WHFXMRRIIVHWpRYDORUFRQWLGRHP%;RX
INC WORD PTR [BX] ; incrementa o word de offset BX
SDUDLQFUHPHQWDURZRUGTXHVHHQFRQWUDQRVHQGHUHoRV%;H%; 2VWLSRVGHILQLGRVQDOLQJXDJHP$60VmRRVVHJXLQWHV
%<7(375 :25'375
':25'375 1($5 375
WLSRQHDU LGHPSDUDGHVYLRVGRWLSRIDU R YDORU GR VtPEROR FRP HVWH WLSR TXH UDUDPHQWH SUHFLVD VHU XWLOL]DGRpXPVLQ{QLPRSDUDXPDFRQVWDQWHGHELWV
)$5 375 180%(5
UHIHUHQFLDXPDYDULiYHOGHE\WH UHIHUHQFLDXPDYDULiYHOGHZRUG UHIHUHQFLDXPDYDULiYHOGHZRUGV UHIHUHQFLDRHQGHUHoRGHGHVWLQRGHXPDLQVWUXomRGHGHVYLRGR
)RUPDWRGDVLQVWUXo}HVGR
2 IRUPDWR HVFROKLGR SHORV SURMHWLVWDV SDUD DV LQVWUXo}HV GH XP PLFURSURFHVVDGRUpXPDVROXomRGHFRPSURPLVVRHQWUHHOHJkQFLDRFXSDomRGH PHPyULD H GHVHPSHQKR 3RU H[HPSOR SDUD SULYLOHJLDU D HVWpWLFD SRGHUVHLD UHVHUYDU XP SHGDoR GH FDGD LQVWUXomR SDUD FRQWHU R FyGLJR TXH D LGHQWLILFD DVVLP FRPR DFRQWHFH FRP R SULPHLUR E\WH GDV LQVWUXo}HV GR 1R HQWDQWRSRGHULDKDYHULQVWUXo}HVTXHQmRQHFHVVLWDVVHPGHWRGRHVWHHVSDoRH FRP LVVR KDYHULD GHVSHUGtFLR HP DOJXQV FDVRV (VWH GHVSHUGtFLR DIHWDULD QHJDWLYDPHQWHDHFRQRPLDGHPHPyULDHRGHVHPSHQKR 1RFDVRGRRTXHVHIH]IRLSURFXUDUDSURYHLWDUFDGDELWGLVSRQtYHOGH PRGRDFRPSDFWDUDRPi[LPRDVLQVWUXo}HVHRWLPL]DUDXWLOL]DomRGDPHPyULD H D YHORFLGDGH GH OHLWXUD GDV LQVWUXo}HV (P FRQWUDSDUWLGD VXD FRGLILFDomR p PXLWRPDLVFRPSOH[DGRTXHQRSRLVDJRUDRFyGLJRGHXPDLQVWUXomR QmR SUHFLVD RFXSDU H[DWDPHQWH E\WH H RV ELWV QmR RFXSDGRV VmR XWLOL]DGRV FRP RXWUDV ILQDOLGDGHV 2 FRPSULPHQWR GDV LQVWUXo}HV SRGH YDULDU GH D E\WHV

$ WtWXOR GH H[HPSOR D ILJXUD WUD] R IRUPDWR GDV LQVWUXo}HV GH PRYLPHQWDomR GH GDGRV LPHGLDWRV SDUD PHPyULD RX HQWUH UHJLVWUDGRUHV 2 FyGLJR GD LQVWUXomR RFXSD RV ELWV PDLV VLJQLILFDWLYRV GR SULPHLUR E\WH HQTXDQWR RV ELWV H LQIOXHQFLDP R UHVWDQWH GD LQVWUXomR 2 ELW Z SRU H[HPSORVHUYHSDUDGLVWLQJXLUDVLQVWUXo}HVTXHPDQLSXODPE\WHVZ GDV LQVWUXo}HVDQiORJDVTXHPDQLSXODPZRUGVZ

RSFRGH
SRVWE\WH
GDWD
GDWDLIVZ
)LJ([HPSORGHIRUPDWRGHLQVWUXomRGR 2SRVWE\WHpGLYLGLGRHPWUrVFDPSRVFRQIRUPHDILJXUD6HRFDPSR PRG FRQWpP R YDORU ELQiULR HQWmR R RSHUDQGR GD LQVWUXomR p XP UHJLVWUDGRU LGHQWLILFDGRSRUXPFyGLJRGHELWVFRORFDGRQRFDPSR UP,QVWUXo}HVTXH UHIHUHQFLDP GRLV UHJLVWUDGRUHV SRGHP XWLOL]DU R FDPSR UHJ SDUD LGHQWLILFDU R VHJXQGR UHJLVWUDGRU 2XWURV YDORUHV FRORFDGRV QR FDPSR PRG VLJQLILFDP TXH HVWHGHYHVHUGHFRGLILFDGRHPFRQMXQWRFRP UPSDUDGHWHUPLQDURPRGRGH HQGHUHoDPHQWRDVHUXWLOL]DGR

PRG
UHJ
UP
)LJ'HWDOKDPHQWRGRSRVWE\WH 2SDSHOGRH[HPSORDFLPDpDSHQDVRGHSURSRUFLRQDUDROHLWRUXPDLGpLDGH FRPRDFRGLILFDomRpIHLWDeLPSRUWDQWHQRWDUFRPRVHFRQVHJXHDSURYHLWDURV ELWV GLVSRQtYHLV PDV QmR VH SUHRFXSDU FRP D PHPRUL]DomR GH GHWDOKHV TXH VmR H[FOXVLYRV GR H SRUWDQWR GH SRXFD XWLOLGDGH SDUD D DVVLPLODomR GRV FRQFHLWRVFRQVLGHUDGRVLPSRUWDQWHVQHVWHWH[WR
0RGRVGHHQGHUHoDPHQWR
(VWD VHomR GHVFUHYH RV GLYHUVRV PRGRV GH HQGHUHoDPHQWR GR (PERUD WUDWHPHVSHFLILFDPHQWHGHVWHFRPSRQHQWHDVLQIRUPDo}HVDSUHVHQWDGDVVmRGH XWLOLGDGHJHUDOXPDYH]TXHPXLWRVPRGRVGHHQGHUHoDPHQWRHQFRQWUDGRVHP RXWURVPLFURSURFHVVDGRUHVHPLFURFRQWURODGRUHVVmRVHPHOKDQWHVDRVGHVFULWRV DTXL 2VPRGRVGHHQGHUHoDPHQWRVmRDVGLIHUHQWHVPDQHLUDVTXHDVLQVWUXo}HVGR SURFHVVDGRU WrP SDUD HVSHFLILFDU D ORFDOL]DomR GH VHXV RSHUDQGRV 8P RSHUDQGR SRGH ID]HU SDUWH GH XPD LQVWUXomR RX HQWmR SRGH HVWDU ORFDOL]DGR HPXPUHJLVWUDGRURXQDPHPyULD'HSHQGHQGRGRFDVRGLIHUHQWHVPRGRVVmR
2PLFURSURFHVVDGRU

QHFHVViULRV3RUH[HPSORSDUDLQLFLDOL]DUXPUHJLVWUDGRUFRPXPYDORUIL[RH FRQKHFLGR HP WHPSR GH PRQWDJHP HP JHUDO VHUi FRQYHQLHQWH XWLOL]DU R PRGRLPHGLDWRTXHDFHLWDXPDFRQVWDQWHSDUDYDUUHUXPDWDEHODHPEXVFDGH DOJXPDLQIRUPDomRVHUiQHFHVViULRDOJXPWLSRGHHQGHUHoDPHQWRTXHSHUPLWD YDULDURtQGLFHGRHOHPHQWRHQGHUHoDGRHPWHPSRGHH[HFXomR
(QGHUHoDPHQWRYLDUHJLVWUDGRU
1HVWH PRGR GH HQGHUHoDPHQWR R RSHUDQGR D VHU XWLOL]DGR VH HQFRQWUD QXP UHJLVWUDGRUUHIHUHQFLDGRSHODLQVWUXomR3RGHPVHUXWLOL]DGRVRV UHJLVWUDGRUHV $;',RXDLQGDRVUHJLVWUDGRUHVGHELWV$+'/ 3RUH[HPSORDLQVWUXomR
MOV AX,BX ; copia o contedo de BX para AX
ID]UHIHUrQFLDDRUHJLVWUDGRU%;SRUTXHpOiTXHHVWiFRQWLGRRRSHUDQGRDVHU FRSLDGRSDUDRUHJLVWUDGRU$; 'DPHVPDIRUPDHP

CMP AL,DL ; seta os flags de acordo com o ; resultado da subtrao AL-DL
RGDGRDVHUFRPSDUDGRFRPRYDORUGH$/HVWiORFDOL]DGRHP'/
(QGHUHoDPHQWRLPHGLDWR
$TXL R RSHUDQGR ID] SDUWH GD SUySULD LQVWUXomR (VWH PRGR p XWLOL]DGR SDUD DWULEXLU YDORUHV FRQVWDQWHV GH RX GH ELWV D UHJLVWUDGRUHV RX SRVLo}HV GH PHPyULDFRPRHP
MOV AX,1000H ; AX = 1000H ; seta os flags de acordo com o ; resultado da subtrao SI-0000H.
RX
CMP SI,0000H
2PRGRLPHGLDWRGRWHPGXDVSHTXHQDVOLPLWDo}HVQmRHVWiGLVSRQtYHO SDUDDWULEXLomRGHYDORUHVDRVUHJLVWUDGRUHVGHVHJPHQWRQHPSDUDDLQVWUXomR 386+ 3RGHVHSHUJXQWDUDJRUDVHDVLQVWUXo}HVXWLOL]DGDVQRVH[HPSORVQmRXWLOL]DP WDPEpP R PRGR YLD UHJLVWUDGRU XPD YH] TXH Ki UHJLVWUDGRUHV HVSHFLILFDGRV
7HPSRGHPRQWDJHPUHIHUHVHjHWDSDGHGHVHQYROYLPHQWRGRSURJUDPD9DORUHV
FRQKHFLGRVHPWHPSRGHPRQWDJHPVmRFRQVWDQWHVGHWHUPLQDGDVGHDQWHPmRSHOR SURJUDPDGRURXFDOFXODGDVSHORDVVHPEOHUHQmRSRGHPVHUPRGLILFDGRVGXUDQWHDH[HFXomR
7HPSRGHH[HFXomRUHIHUHVHDRSURJUDPDHPH[HFXomR

,VWRpYHUGDGHHDSUHVHQoDGHGRLVPRGRVGHHQGHUHoDPHQWRSRGHDFRQWHFHU HPWRGDVDVLQVWUXo}HVGHGRLVRSHUDQGRV$TXLpFODURTXHRPRGRLPHGLDWR VHUHIHUHDRRSHUDQGRGHRULJHP(PRXWURVSRQWRVGRWH[WRRRSHUDQGRGH TXHVHWUDWDVHUiFLWDGRH[SOLFLWDPHQWHVHKRXYHUSRVVLELOLGDGHGHFRQIXVmR
(QGHUHoDPHQWRDEVROXWRRXGLUHWR
1HVWH PRGR R RSHUDQGR TXH VH GHVHMD HQGHUHoDU UHVLGH QD PHPyULD H D LQVWUXomR FRQWpP R HQGHUHoR GR RSHUDQGR $ ILJXUD LOXVWUD R IXQFLRQDPHQWRGDLQVWUXomR
MOV AX,[1000H] ; copia para AX o word localizado ; nos offsets 1000H e 1001H.
(QGHUHoR + + +
'DGR + + +
$; +
)LJ(QGHUHoDPHQWRDEVROXWR029$;>+@ ([LVWHWDPEpPXPPRGRGHHQGHUHoDPHQWRDEVROXWRORQJRXWLOL]DGRDSHQDV HPLQVWUXo}HVGHGHVYLRGRWLSRIDURQGHVmRIRUQHFLGRVVHJPHQWRHRIIVHWGR GHVWLQRGRGHVYLR

JMP 1234H:5678H; salto incondicional para 1234H:5678H
(QGHUHoDPHQWRLQGLUHWR
7DOFRPRQRFDVRDQWHULRURRSHUDQGRUHVLGHQDPHPyULD$LQVWUXomRSRUpP QmR HVSHFLILFD R RIIVHW GR RSHUDQGR PDV XP UHJLVWUDGRU GH ELWV TXH FRQWpPHVVHRIIVHW3RGHPVHUXWLOL]DGRVRVUHJLVWUDGRUHV%;%3',H6, $ILJXUDLOXVWUDRIXQFLRQDPHQWRGDLQVWUXomR
MOV AX,[BX] ; AX recebe o word de offset BX.
'HIRUPDDQiORJDDLQVWUXomR
INC BYTE PTR [DI]
LQFUHPHQWDRE\WHFXMRRIIVHWHVWiFRQWLGRHP',1RWHDXWLOL]DomRH[SOtFLWD GRWLSR%<7(375QHVWHFDVRQHFHVViULRSDUDTXHRDVVHPEOHUSRVVDGHFLGLU VHRSURJUDPDGHYHLQFUHPHQWDURE\WHTXHUHVLGHQRHQGHUHoR',RXRZRUG TXHUHVLGHHP',',1RH[HPSORDQWHULRURDVVHPEOHUSRGHGHGX]LUTXH
2PLFURSURFHVVDGRU

RRSHUDQGRGHRULJHPpGRWLSR:25'375SRUTXHRRSHUDQGRGHGHVWLQR $;p XPUHJLVWUDGRUGH ELWV3RULVVRQDTXHOHFDVRRWLSRQmRSUHFLVDVHU H[SOLFLWDGR %; + (QGHUHoR + + + 'DGR + + + $; +
)LJ(QGHUHoDPHQWRLQGLUHWR029$;>%;@ 2 HQGHUHoDPHQWR LQGLUHWR p PXLWR XWLOL]DGR SDUD WUDEDOKDU FRP WDEHODV 2 WUHFKR GH FyGLJR D VHJXLU SRU H[HPSOR YDUUH XPD WDEHOD GH 1 E\WHV FXMR RIIVHWLQLFLDOp GDGR SHOR VtPEROR 7$%(/$ 2 ORRS GH YDUUHGXUD VH HQFHUUD DVVLPTXHIRUHQFRQWUDGRXPHOHPHQWRGLIHUHQWHGH]HURRXTXDQGRRILQDOGD WDEHODpDWLQJLGRVHPTXHDEXVFDWHQKDWLGRVXFHVVR
LOOP: LEA MOV CMP JNZ INC DEC JNZ ... ... BX,TABELA ; CX,N ; BYTE PTR [BX],00H ACHEI BX CX LOOP ; ; BX = offset inicial CX = tamanho da tabela
ACHEI:
busca terminou sem sucesso busca terminou com sucesso
1RFDVRHPTXHDEXVFDWHUPLQDFRPVXFHVVR%;DSRQWDSDUDRSULPHLURE\WH QmRQXORGDWDEHOD
(QGHUHoDPHQWRLQGH[DGR
$ LQVWUXomR HVSHFLILFD XPD FRQVWDQWH GHQRPLQDGD EDVH H XP UHJLVWUDGRU GH tQGLFHFXMRFRQWH~GRpVRPDGRjEDVHSDUDIRUPDURHQGHUHoRGRRSHUDQGR 3RGHPVHUXWLOL]DGRVRVUHJLVWUDGRUHV%3%;6,H', $ILJXUDLOXVWUDRIXQFLRQDPHQWRGDLQVWUXomR
MOV AX,0100H[DI] ; compara AX com word em 100+DI, ; idem, outra notao.
TXHWDPEpPSRGHVHUHVFULWDFRPR
MOV AX,[0100H+DI]

0LFURSURFHVVDGRUHVFRQFHLWRVLPSRUWDQWHV (QGHUHoR + + + + + + 'DGR + + + + ))+ +
', +
',
$; ))+
)LJ(QGHUHoDPHQWRLQGH[DGR029$;>+',@ 2HQGHUHoDPHQWRLQGH[DGRSHUPLWHSHUFRUUHUXPDWDEHODXWLOL]DQGRXPRIIVHW ORFDO LVWR p XP RIIVHW TXH YDOH SDUD R SULPHLUR E\WH GD WDEHOD SDUD R VHJXQGR E\WH H DVVLP SRU GLDQWH e ~WLO SDUD DFHVVDU HOHPHQWRV GH WDEHODV TXDQGR D SRVLomR LQLFLDO GD WDEHOD D EDVH p FRQKHFLGD HP WHPSR GH PRQWDJHPPDVRRIIVHWGRHOHPHQWRDDFHVVDUYDULDHPWHPSRGHH[HFXomR2 H[HPSORGDVHomRSRGHVHUUHHVFULWRGDVHJXLQWHIRUPD
LOOP: MOV CMP JNZ INC CMP JNZ ... ... BX,0000H ; BX = offset local inicial BYTE PTR [TABELA + BX],00H ACHEI BX BX,N LOOP ; busca terminou sem sucesso ; busca terminou com sucesso
ACHEI:
1RFDVRHPTXHDEXVFDWHUPLQDFRP VXFHVVR %; FRQWpP R RIIVHW ORFDO GR SULPHLURE\WHQmRQXORGDWDEHOD
(QGHUHoDPHQWREDVHDGR
(VWHPRGRWDPEpPXWLOL]DXPDEDVHHXPGHVORFDPHQWRPDVDRFRQWUiULRGR TXHDFRQWHFHQRHQGHUHoDPHQWRLQGH[DGRDTXLDEDVHpYDULiYHOHRtQGLFHp FRQVWDQWH 3RU LVVR D LQVWUXomR HVSHFLILFD XP UHJLVWUDGRU GH EDVH H XPD FRQVWDQWHTXHVHUYHFRPRGHVORFDPHQWRHPUHODomRDHVVDEDVH2HQGHUHoR GRRSHUDQGRpGDGRSHODVRPDGDEDVHFRPDFRQVWDQWH3RGHPVHUXWLOL]DGRV FRPREDVHRVUHJLVWUDGRUHV%3%;6,H',HPERUDQRUPDOPHQWHVHXWLOL]HP %;H%3$ILJXUDLOXVWUDRIXQFLRQDPHQWRGDLQVWUXomR
MOV [BX+0005H],CX ; copia CX para o offset BX+5
2PLFURSURFHVVDGRU %; + (QGHUHoR + + + + + + + 'DGR + + + + + +

BX+5
&; +
)LJ(QGHUHoDPHQWREDVHDGR029>%;+@&; 2HQGHUHoDPHQWREDVHDGRp~WLOSDUDDFHVVDUHOHPHQWRVGHWDEHODVFXMRRIIVHW ORFDOpFRQKHFLGRHPWHPSRGHPRQWDJHPHQTXDQWRDSRVLomRLQLFLDOGDWDEHOD YDULDHPWHPSRGHH[HFXomR $ WtWXOR GH H[HPSOR SRGHVH LPDJLQDU XP SURJUDPD HP TXH H[LVWDP YiULDV WDEHODV GH PHVPD HVWUXWXUD FRQWHQGR GDGRV FRPR R QRPH H D LGDGH GRV DOXQRVGHXPDVDODGHDXODHTXHDLGDGHGHFDGDXPVHHQFRQWUHVHPSUHQR RIIVHW GD WDEHOD TXH OKH FRUUHVSRQGH $V WDEHODV WrP WRGDV R PHVPR WDPDQKRGDGRSHODFRQVWDQWH6,=(HILFDPGLVSRVWDVXPDDSyVDRXWUDVHP HOHPHQWRVHVWUDQKRVHQWUHHODV2SURJUDPDSRGHULDHQWmRGHWHUPLQDUTXHPp RDOXQRPDLVYHOKRYDUUHQGRRFRQMXQWRGHWDEHODV3DUDLVWRFRORFDULDHP%; RRIIVHWLQLFLDOGHFDGDXPDHOHULDGH%;DLGDGHGHFDGDXP
LEA BX,ALUNOS MOV DI,BX MOV AL,00H MOV CX,N CMP AL,[BX+5] JB OK MOV AL,[BX+5] MOV DI,BX ADD BX,SIZE DEC CX JNZ LOOP ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; offset da primeira tabela inicializa aluno mais velho valor inicial da idade nmero de alunos compara maior idade encontrada at agora com o valor em [BX+5] AL contm a idade mais alta DI aponta para o aluno mais velho BX -> tabela seguinte
LOOP:
OK:
$R ILQDO GR ORRS ', DSRQWD SDUD R DOXQR PDLV YHOKR GD FODVVH RX SDUD SULPHLURDOXQRGDOLVWDTXHWHPDLGDGHPDLVDOWDFDVRKDMDPDLVDOXQRVFRPD PHVPDLGDGH 2HQGHUHoDPHQWREDVHDGRGiDLQGDVXSRUWHDDOJXPDVDSOLFDo}HVLPSRUWDQWHV GDSLOKDHVWXGDGDVQRFDStWXOR

(QGHUHoDPHQWREDVHDGRLQGH[DGR
(VWH PRGR p XPD FRPELQDomR GRV GRLV DQWHULRUHV $ LQVWUXomR HVSHFLILFD UHJLVWUDGRUHV WDQWR SDUD D EDVH TXDQWR SDUD R tQGLFH R HQGHUHoR HIHWLYR GR RSHUDQGRpIRUPDGRSHODVRPDGHDPERVHVHRSURJUDPDGRUGHVHMDUGHPDLV XPDFRQVWDQWHRSFLRQDO2VUHJLVWUDGRUHVGHEDVHSRGHPVHU%3RX%;HRV UHJLVWUDGRUHVGHtQGLFHSRGHPVHU6,RX', $ILJXUDLOXVWUDRIXQFLRQDPHQWRGDLQVWUXomR
MOV AX,[BX+SI] ; AX recebe word em BX + SI
%; 6, + +
BX+SI
(QGHUHoR + + + + + + +
'DGR + + + + + +
$; +
)LJ(QGHUHoDPHQWREDVHDGRLQGH[DGR029$;>%;6,@ 2XVRGDFRQVWDQWHRSFLRQDOpLOXVWUDGRSHODLQVWUXomR
CMP CL,[100H+BX+DI] ; seta flags de acordo com o ; resultado subtrao CL-byte
2PRGREDVHDGRLQGH[DGRpXWLOL]DGRSDUDDFHVVDUWDEHODVRQGHWDQWRDEDVH TXDQWR R tQGLFH YDULDP HP WHPSR GH H[HFXomR 8P H[HPSOR GH DSOLFDomR SRGH VHU HQFRQWUDGR QR FDStWXOR TXH R HPSUHJD SDUD WUDEDOKDU FRP HVWUXWXUDVPDWULFLDLV
(QGHUHoDPHQWRUHODWLYR
(VWHPRGRGHHQGHUHoDPHQWRpXWLOL]DGRQDVLQVWUXo}HV-03H&$//GRVWLSRV QHDUHVKRUWHHPWRGRVRVGHVYLRVFRQGLFLRQDLV3DUDIDFLOLWDUDFRPSUHHQVmR GHVWHPRGRpLQWHUHVVDQWHOHPEUDUSULPHLURFRPRVHGiDFRGLILFDomRGHXPD LQVWUXomR GH GHVYLR QR FDVR GR PLFURSURFHVVDGRU 3RU H[HPSOR FRQVLGHUH D LQVWUXomR -& + FRGLILFDGD QR HQGHUHoR + GH XP SURJUDPD
2010H DA 15 20 JC 2015H
2PLFURSURFHVVDGRU

$TXL '$+ p R RSFRGH GD LQVWUXomR -& H R HQGHUHoR GH GHVWLQR + p GHWHUPLQDGR SHOR SURFHVVDGRU DWUDYpV GD OHLWXUD GRV GRLV E\WHV VHJXLQWHV GD LQVWUXomR &RPR D LQVWUXomR FRQWpP XP HQGHUHoR HVWH p XP FDVR GH HQGHUHoDPHQWRDEVROXWR 1R FDVR GR SRUpP D FRGLILFDomR p EHP GLIHUHQWH FRQIRUPH LOXVWUD R WUHFKR GH FyGLJR DEDL[R TXH VXEWUDL '; GH $; H OLPLWD R UHVXOWDGR D ]HUR FDVRQmRVHMDSRVLWLYR
1CD7:0100 1CD7:0102 1CD7:0104 1CD7:0107 29 D0 73 03 B8 00 00 ... SUB AX,DX JNC 0107 MOV AX,0000
1RWHDJRUDDFRGLILFDomRGDLQVWUXomR-1&RRSFRGH+pVHJXLGRDSHQDV GRQ~PHUR+HRRIIVHWGHGHVWLQR +QmRDSDUHFHQDFRGLILFDomR(P YH] GLVVR R VHJXQGR E\WH GD LQVWUXomR p XWLOL]DGR SHOR SURFHVVDGRU SDUD GHWHUPLQDURHQGHUHoRGHGHVWLQR $ H[HFXomRGDLQVWUXomR-1=FRQVLVWHHP VRPDU R YDORU + DR FRQWH~GR GR UHJLVWUDGRU ,3 1R LQVWDQWH HP TXH D LQVWUXomR p SURSULDPHQWH H[HFXWDGD ,3 Mi IRL DWXDOL]DGR SDUD DSRQWDU SDUD D LQVWUXomRVHJXLQWHGHPRGRTXHDFRQWDTXHRSURFHVVDGRUID]p 2IIVHWGHGHVWLQR RIIVHWGDLQVWUXomRVHJXLQWHGHVORFDPHQWR 2IIVHWGHGHVWLQR ++ + $VVHJXLQWHVREVHUYDo}HVVmRLPSRUWDQWHVRH[HPSORLOXVWUDXPDLQVWUXomRGH GHVYLR GR WLSR VKRUW TXH XWLOL]D DSHQDV XP E\WH SDUD LQGLFDU R HQGHUHoR GH GHVWLQR,VWRVLJQLILFDTXHRRIIVHWGHGHVWLQRWHPTXHHVWDUQRPi[LPR E\WHVDQWHV RX E\WHVGHSRLVGRRIIVHWGDLQVWUXomRVHJXLQWHSRUTXHHVVHV VmR UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH R PHQRU H R PDLRU Q~PHUR FRP VLQDO TXH SRGHP VHU UHSUHVHQWDGRV FRP E\WH 6H R HQGHUHoR GH GHVWLQR FDLU IRUD GHVWD IDL[D R DVVHPEOHUHVFROKHUiRPRGRQHDUTXHXVDGHVORFDPHQWRVGHELWVHSHUPLWH FRPLVVRDWLQJLUTXDOTXHUSRQWRGHQWURGRVHJPHQWR1RHQWDQWRDSHQDVRV GHVYLRVLQFRQGLFLRQDLVSRGHPVHUGRWLSRQHDUHSRULVVRSRGHVHUQHFHVViULR FRPELQDUXPGHVYLRFRQGLFLRQDOFRPXPGHVYLRLQFRQGLFLRQDOFDVRRGHVWLQR ILTXHIRUDGDIDL[DDOFDQoiYHOSHORVGHVYLRVGRWLSRVKRUW $OpP GLVVR FRQYpP VDEHU TXH QR FDVR GRV GHVYLRV GR WLSR VKRUW R SURFHVVDGRU WUDQVIRUPD DXWRPDWLFDPHQWH R Q~PHUR D VHU VRPDGR DR UHJLVWUDGRU,3HPXPQ~PHURGHELWVGHDFRUGRFRPRVHXVLQDO1~PHURV SRVLWLYRV VmR HVWHQGLGRV DQWHSRQGRVH ]HURV YLUD H Q~PHURV QHJDWLYRVVmRHVWHQGLGRVDQWHSRQGRVHV)+YLUD)))+,VWRSHUPLWHTXH RSURFHVVDGRUVRPHVHPSUHRYDORUFRUUHWRD,3SDUDHQFRQWUDURHQGHUHoRGH GHVWLQR

(PTXDOTXHUFDVRRYDORUFRQWLGRQDLQVWUXomRQmRpRHQGHUHoRGHGHVWLQR PDVVLPDGLIHUHQoDHPE\WHVHQWUHRYDORUDWXDOGRUHJLVWUDGRU,3HRYDORU TXH HVWH GHYHUi DVVXPLU SDUD UHDOL]DU R GHVYLR 'HVWD IRUPD R HQGHUHoR GH GHVWLQR QmR p PDLV DEVROXWR PDV VLP GDGR HP UHODomR D ,3 H SRU LVVR VH FKDPDHQGHUHoRUHODWLYR $ JUDQGH YDQWDJHP GR HQGHUHoDPHQWR UHODWLYR DSDUHFH TXDQGR WUHFKRV GH FyGLJR FRPR RV PRVWUDGRV QRV H[HPSORV SUHFLVDP VHU PXGDGRV GH OXJDU QD PHPyULD GXUDQWH D H[HFXomR GR SURJUDPD WDUHID TXH ID] SDUWH GR JHUHQFLDPHQWRGHPHPyULDGRVVLVWHPDVRSHUDFLRQDLVPDLVVRILVWLFDGRV 6HIRVVHQHFHVViULRPRYHURSURJUDPDGDGRFRPRH[HPSORSDUDRSDUD XP HQGHUHoR + E\WHV DGLDQWH D LQVWUXomR -&+ WHULD TXH VHU UHFRGLILFDGD SDUD -&+ YDOHQGR R PHVPR SDUD WRGDV DV LQVWUXo}HV GH GHVYLR SUHVHQWHV QR SURJUDPD 1R FDVR GR D XWLOL]DomR GR HQGHUHoDPHQWRUHODWLYRSHUPLWHTXHRFyGLJRSRVVDVHUPRYLGRVHPTXDOTXHU DOWHUDomRSRLVDGLIHUHQoDHQWUHRGHVWLQRHDRULJHPGRGHVYLRQmRVHDOWHUD TXDQGRVHPXGDRSURJUDPDGHOXJDU
'HWHUPLQDomRGRVHJPHQWRXWLOL]DGR
'LYHUVRVPRGRVGHHQGHUHoDPHQWRHVWXGDGRVQDVVHo}HVDQWHULRUHVHQYROYHP R XVR GH HQGHUHoRV GH ELWV SDUD ORFDOL]DU XP RSHUDQGR (P WRGRV HVVHV FDVRV R HQGHUHoR HP TXHVWmR p R RIIVHW GD SRVLomR GH PHPyULD RQGH R RSHUDQGR VH HQFRQWUD PDV p FODUR TXH D ORFDOL]DomR GHILQLWLYD GH TXDOTXHU SRVLomRVySRGHVHUIHLWDVHIRUHVSHFLILFDGRGHDOJXPDIRUPDRUHJLVWUDGRUGH VHJPHQWRTXHGHYHVHUXWLOL]DGRHPFRQMXQWRFRPHVVHRIIVHW 1D PDLRULD GRV FDVRV D HVSHFLILFDomR GR UHJLVWUDGRU GH VHJPHQWR p IHLWD GH IRUPDLPSOtFLWDSRLVSDUDFDGDLQVWUXomRH[LVWHXPUHJLVWUDGRUGHIDXOW$WDEHOD DSUHVHQWDHVVHVUHJLVWUDGRUHVGHDFRUGRFRPRWLSRGHRSHUDomRUHDOL]DGD EHP FRPR DV DOWHUQDWLYDV SRVVtYHLV TXDQGR VH GHVHMD PXGDU HVVH GHIDXOW DSDUHFHPDLQGDRVUHJLVWUDGRUHVTXHSRGHPVHUXWLOL]DGRVFRPRRIIVHWV
2PLFURSURFHVVDGRU 2SHUDomR %XVFDGHLQVWUXo}HV $FHVVRjSLOKD 0RYLPHQWDomRGHGDGRV H[FHWRFRP%3 0RYLPHQWDomRGHGDGRV FRP%3HQGEDVHDGR 2ULJHPGHGDGRVQD PDQLSXODomRGHVWULQJV 'HVWLQRGHGDGRVQD PDQLSXODomRGHVWULQJV 'HIDXOW &6 66 '6 66 '6 (6 $OWHUQDWLYDV 1HQKXPD 1HQKXPD &6(666 &6(6'6 &6(666 1HQKXPD 2IIVHW ,3 63 5HJGHXVRJHUDO HQGHUHoRDEVROXWR %3RX%3 FRQVWDQWH 6, ',

7DE6HJPHQWRVGHIDXOWHDOWHUQDWLYDV 5HVWD DLQGD H[SOLFDU FRPR VH HVSHFLILFD XP VHJPHQWR DOWHUQDWLYR TXDQGR VH GHVHMDPXGDURGHIDXOW(VWDPXGDQoDpIHLWDPHGLDQWHXWLOL]DomRGRFKDPDGR VHJPHQWRYHUULGHSUHIL[RXSUHIL[RGHPRGLILFDomRGHVHJPHQWRQDLQVWUXomRHP TXHVWmR (VWH SUHIL[R p FRQVWLWXtGR GR QRPH GR VHJPHQWR VHJXLGR SRU XP VLQDOGH3RUH[HPSORDLQVWUXomR
MOV AX,ES:BX
FRSLDSDUD$;RZRUGFXMRRIIVHWHVWiHP%;PDVGHGHQWURGRVHJPHQWR(6 HQmRPDLVGRVHJPHQWR'6TXHVHULDXWLOL]DGRQDDXVrQFLDGRSUHIL[R(6 (P DOJXQV FDVRV R XVR GRV SUHIL[RV GH PRGLILFDomR GH VHJPHQWR SRGH VHU DXWRPDWL]DGRFRPDGLUHWLYD$6680(FRQIRUPHH[SOLFDRDQH[R

3DUkPHWURVHYDULiYHLVORFDLV
,QWURGXomR
&RPR YLPRV HP FDStWXORV DQWHULRUHV D SLOKD WHP XP SDSHO LPSRUWDQWH QR PHFDQLVPR GH FKDPDGD GH VXEURWLQDV H GH WUDWDGRUHV GH LQWHUUXSomR DVVLP FRPRQRDUPD]HQDPHQWRWHPSRUiULRGHYDORUHVFRQWLGRVQRVUHJLVWUDGRUHVGR SURFHVVDGRU (VWH FDStWXOR WUDWD GH PDLV GRLV XVRV LPSRUWDQWHV GD SLOKD D SDVVDJHP GH SDUkPHWURVSDUDVXEURWLQDVHDFULDomRGHYDULiYHLVORFDLV
3DVVDJHPGHSDUkPHWURVSDUDVXEURWLQDV
eFRPXPTXHXPDVXEURWLQDDFHLWHXPRXPDLVSDUkPHWURVRVTXDLVXWLOL]D SDUD UHDOL]DU VHX SURFHVVDPHQWR 3RU H[HPSOR XPD VXEURWLQD FDSD] GH FRPSDUDUGXDVVWULQJVSUHFLVDVDEHURQGHVHHQFRQWUDPHVWDVVWULQJVSDUDID]HU D FRPSDUDomR H XPD VXEURWLQD TXH FDOFXOH XPD IXQomR I [ SUHFLVD VHU LQIRUPDGD GR YDORU GH [ SDUD SRGHU ID]HU R FiOFXOR 2V YDORUHV QHFHVVLWDGRV SHODVVXEURWLQDVGHYHPVHUIRUQHFLGRVSHODSDUWHGRSURJUDPDTXHDVFKDPD RSHUDomRHVWDFRQKHFLGDFRPR SDVVDJHPGHSDUkPHWURV $SDVVDJHPGHSDUkPHWURVSRGHVHUIHLWDGHGLYHUVDVIRUPDV6mRDSUHVHQWDGDV D VHJXLU WUrV IRUPDV GH SDVVDJHP GH SDUkPHWURV DV GXDV SULPHLUDV VHUYLQGR SULQFLSDOPHQWHSDUDFRPSDUDomRFRPDWHUFHLUDTXHpRSULQFLSDOREMHWRGHVWH HVWXGR
3DVVDJHPDWUDYpVGHUHJLVWUDGRUHV
$IRUPDPDLVVLPSOHVpD SDVVDJHPGHSDUkPHWURVDWUDYpVGHUHJLVWUDGRUHV1HVWHFDVR RVYDORUHVGRVSDUkPHWURVVmRFRORFDGRVSHORSURJUDPDFKDPDGRUHPDOJXQV GRVUHJLVWUDGRUHVGRSURFHVVDGRUGHDFRUGRFRPXPDFRQYHQomRHVWDEHOHFLGD

SHOR SURJUDPDGRU GD VXEURWLQD 3RU H[HPSOR XPD VXEURWLQD TXH LPSULPD XPDPHQVDJHPQDWHODSRGHFRQVLGHUDUTXHRUHJLVWUDGRU';FRQWpPRRIIVHW GHVWD PHQVDJHP QR VHJPHQWR GH GDGRV DWXDO &DEH HQWmR DR SURJUDPD FKDPDGRU FRORFDU HVWH RIIVHW QR UHJLVWUDGRU '; DQWHV GH HIHWXDU D FKDPDGD SDUDDVXEURWLQD$OLVWDJHPDVHJXLULOXVWUDRHPSUHJRGHVWHPHFDQLVPR
CODIGO SEGMENT ... INICIO: MOV AX,DADOS MOV DS,AX LEA DX,MSG1 CALL SHOW LEA DX,MSG2 CALL SHOW ... SHOW PROC NEAR MOV AH,09H INT 21H RET SHOW ENDP CODIGO ENDS DADOS MSG1 MSG2 DADOS SEGMENT DB MENSAGEM 1$ DB MENSAGEM 2$ ENDS
; DX CONTM OFFSET DE MSG1 ; DX CONTM OFFSET DE MSG2 ; APRESENTA MSG DE OFFSET DS:DX ; WRITE STRING
3DVVDJHPDWUDYpVGHYDULiYHLVJOREDLV
(VWH PHFDQLVPR p VHPHOKDQWH DR GD SDVVDJHP DWUDYpV GH UHJLVWUDGRUHV $ GLIHUHQoD HVWi DSHQDV QR IDWR GH VH XWLOL]DUHP YDULiYHLV DR LQYpV GH UHJLVWUDGRUHVGRSURFHVVDGRUSDUDSDVVDURVSDUkPHWURV2SURJUDPDFKDPDGRU GHYH FRORFDU RV SDUkPHWURV QHVWDV YDULiYHLV DQWHV GD FKDPDGD GD VXEURWLQD TXHLUiEXVFiORVSDUDHIHWXDUVHXSURFHVVDPHQWR$OLVWDJHPVHJXLQWHPRVWUD FRPR ILFDULD R SURJUDPD GR H[HPSOR DQWHULRU XWLOL]DQGR D YDULiYHO JOREDO 6B375VWULQJSRLQWHUGHILQLGDQRVHJPHQWRGHGDGRV
CODIGO SEGMENT ... INICIO: MOV AX,DADOS MOV DS,AX LEA S_PTR,MSG1 CALL SHOW LEA S_PTR,MSG2 CALL SHOW ...
; ENDEREO DA MSG1 EM S_PTR ; ENDEREO DA MSG2 EM S_PTR
SHOW PROC NEAR MOV AH,09H MOV DX,S_PTR INT 21H RET ENDP ENDS SEGMENT DB MENSAGEM 1$ DB MENSAGEM 2$ DW ? ENDS

; APRESENTA MSG EM S_PTR ; WRITE STRING ; DX APONTA P/ MSG A APRESENTAR
SHOW CODIGO DADOS MSG1 MSG2 S_PTR DADOS
3DVVDJHPDWUDYpVGDSLOKD
(VWH PHFDQLVPR FRQVLVWH HP FRORFDU RV SDUkPHWURV D VHUHP SDVVDGRV SDUD D VXEURWLQDQDSLOKDDQWHVGDFKDPDGD$VXEURWLQDEXVFDHQWmRRVSDUkPHWURV QDSLOKDSDUDUHDOL]DUVHXSURFHVVDPHQWR (PERUD R SULQFtSLR GH IXQFLRQDPHQWR VHMD VLPSOHV Ki DOJXQV IDWRUHV D FRQVLGHUDUTXHVHLJQRUDGRVSRGHPOHYDURSURJUDPDDVHSHUGHU6mRHOHV XPD YH] SURQWD D VXEURWLQD D RUGHP HP TXH RV SDUkPHWURV GHYHP VHU SDVVDGRVILFDIL[DHGHYHVHUUHVSHLWDGDSHORSURJUDPDGRUTXHDFKDPD SDUDHQFRQWUDURVSDUkPHWURVQDSLOKDDVXEURWLQDSUHFLVDOHYDUHPFRQWD TXH DOpP GHVWHV D SLOKD FRQWHUi WDPEpP R HQGHUHoR GH UHWRUQR GD VXEURWLQD RSURJUDPDFKDPDGRUTXHFRORFRXRVSDUkPHWURV QD SLOKD p UHVSRQViYHO WDPEpPSRUUHPRYrORVGHOiDSyVDFKDPDGD (QTXDQWR D SULPHLUD FRQVLGHUDomR GLVSHQVD H[SOLFDo}HV DGLFLRQDLV DV RXWUDV GXDV PHUHFHP PDLRU DWHQomR $ ILJXUD LOXVWUD R HVWDGR GD SLOKD GH XP SURJUDPDKLSRWpWLFRDSyVDFKDPDGDGHXPDVXEURWLQD QHDUTXHUHFHEHGRLV SDUkPHWURVDWUDYpVGDSLOKD $QWLJRWRSRGDSLOKD 3DUkPHWUR 3DUkPHWUR 63 2IIVHWGRHQGGHUHWRUQR
&UHVFLPHQWRGDSLOKD
)LJ$SLOKDFRPGRLVSDUkPHWURV (VWDILJXUDLQGLFDTXHDVXEURWLQDWHPTXHVHEDVHDUQRYDORUGH63SDUDWHU DFHVVRDRVYDORUHVGRVSDUkPHWURVUHFHELGRV2EVHUYDQGRVHDILJXUDSRGHVH

FRQFOXLUTXHLPHGLDWDPHQWHDSyVDFKDPDGDGDVXEURWLQDR~OWLPRSDUkPHWUR SDVVDGRHVWDUiQRHQGHUHoR63RSHQ~OWLPRHP63HDVVLPSRUGLDQWH 1R HQWDQWR D XWLOL]DomR GR UHJLVWUDGRU 63 SDUD HQGHUHoDU RV SDUkPHWURV p H[WUHPDPHQWHLQFRQYHQLHQWHXPDYH]TXHDSUySULDVXEURWLQDID]HPJHUDO XVRGDSLOKD&RPLVVRRYDORUGH63YDULDULDGXUDQWHDH[HFXomRGDVXEURWLQD R TXH VLJQLILFD SRU H[HPSOR TXH R ~OWLPR SDUkPHWUR SUHFLVDULD VHU UHIHUHQFLDGR FRPR 63Q RQGH Q p R Q~PHUR GH ZRUGV FRORFDGRV QD SLOKDSHODVXEURWLQDHDLQGDQmRUHWLUDGRV eSRVVtYHOHYLWDUHVWHWUDQVWRUQRDWUDYpVGDFULDomRGHXPSRQWHLURIL[RSDUDD UHJLmR GD SLOKD TXH FRQWpP RV SDUkPHWURV H TXH p HQWmR XWLOL]DGR SHOD VXE URWLQD SDUD HQGHUHoiORV 2 UHJLVWUDGRU %3 GR PLFURSURFHVVDGRU IRL FRQFHELGRFRPHVWDILQDOLGDGHHpXWLOL]DGRGDVHJXLQWHIRUPD DVXEURWLQDLQLFLDVDOYDQGRRYDORUGH%3QDSLOKDSDUDSRGHUUHVWDXUiOR DQWHVGHUHWRUQDU FRSLDHQWmRRYDORUDWXDOGH63SDUD%3'HVWDIRUPD%3YLUDXPSRQWHLUR IL[RSDUDDSRVLomRGDSLOKDTXHFRQWpPRYDORUGH%3TXDQGRGDHQWUDGD QDVXEURWLQD RHQGHUHoR%3FRQWpPRRIIVHWGRHQGHUHoRGHUHWRUQR QRFDVRGHVXEURWLQDVGRWLSRIDURHQGHUHoR%3FRQWpPRVHJPHQWRGR HQGHUHoRGHUHWRUQRQRFDVRGHVXEURWLQDVGRWLSR QHDUFRQWpPR~OWLPR SDUkPHWURSDVVDGR RVHQGHUHoRVVHJXLQWHV%3%3FRQWrPRVGHPDLVSDUkPHWURV 3DUD LPSOHPHQWDU HVWH PHFDQLVPR DV VXEURWLQDV LQLFLDP VHPSUH FRP D VHTrQFLD
PUSH BP MOV BP,SP
$ILJXUDPRVWUDDSLOKDSDUDVXEURWLQDVGRWLSRQHDUDSyVDH[HFXomRGHVWDV LQVWUXo}HV$SDUWLUGHVWHSRQWRDVXEURWLQDPDQWpPRYDORUGH%3LQDOWHUDGR HSDVVDDHQGHUHoDURVSDUkPHWURVHSRU%3H%3UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH$ SLOKDSRGHVHUXWLOL]DGDFRPRHPTXDOTXHURXWURSRQWRGRSURJUDPDSRLVDV DOWHUDo}HVQRYDORUGH63QmRDIHWDPPDLVDIRUPDGHHQGHUHoDURVSDUkPHWURV
(PERUDVHMDSRVVtYHOLPDJLQDUGLYHUVDVIRUPDVGHXWLOL]DURUHJLVWUDGRU%3SDUDUHVROYHUR
SUREOHPDDIRUPDDSUHVHQWDGDVHGHVWDFDSRUVHUDDGRWDGDSHORVSULQFLSDLVFRPSLODGRUHVGD OLQJXDJHP&FRPRRVGD%RUODQGHGD0LFURVRIW3RULVVRRFRQKHFLPHQWRGRPDWHULDO H[SRVWRDTXLVHUi~WLOjTXHOHVTXHSUHFLVDUHPWUDEDOKDUFRPGHWDOKHVHP$VVHPEO\TXDQGR HQYROYLGRVFRPSURJUDPDomRGHPDLVDOWRQtYHO
3DUkPHWURVHYDULiYHLVORFDLV $QWLJRWRSRGDSLOKD 3DUkPHWUR 3DUkPHWUR 2IIVHWGRHQGGHUHWRUQR 63%3 $QWLJRYDORUGH%3

&UHVFLPHQWRGDSLOKD
)LJ$SLOKDDSyVRDUPD]HQDPHQWRGRYDORUGH%3 1RFDVRGDVVXEURWLQDV IDURVHQGHUHoRVGRVSDUkPHWURVVmR%3H%3 UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHSRUTXHRHQGHUHoRGHUHWRUQRpFRPSRVWRGHGXDVSDODYUDV FRQIRUPHLOXVWUDDILJXUD $QWLJRWRSRGDSLOKD 3DUkPHWUR 3DUkPHWUR 6HJPHQWRGRHQGGHUHWRUQR 2IIVHWGRHQGGHUHWRUQR 63%3 $QWLJRYDORUGH%3
&UHVFLPHQWRGDSLOKD
)LJ$SLOKDHPXPDVXEURWLQD)$5 1RWH DLQGD TXH DV LQVWUXo}HV GH PRYLPHQWDomR GH GDGRV TXH XWLOL]DP R UHJLVWUDGRU%3XVDPSRUGHIDXOWRUHJLVWUDGRUGHVHJPHQWR 66GH PRGR TXH LQVWUXo}HV FRPR 029 $;>%3@ QmR SUHFLVDP GH TXDOTXHU DOWHUDomR SDUD EXVFDURGDGRGRVHJPHQWRFRUUHWR 2ILQDOGHXPDVXEURWLQDpWLSLFDPHQWH
POP BP RET
&RQYpPOHPEUDUTXHH[LVWHPGRLVWLSRVGHLQVWUXo}HV DPEDVXWLOL]DQGRR PHVPR PQHP{QLFR $ SULPHLUD GHQRPLQDGD ID] FRP TXH R SURFHVVDGRUUHWLUHDSHQDVXPDSDODYUDGRWRSRGDSLOKDTXHFRQVLGHUDFRPRR RIIVHWGRHQGHUHoRGHUHWRUQRHFRORFDQRUHJLVWUDGRU,3 $ VHJXQGD ID] FRP TXH VHMDP UHFXSHUDGDV GXDV SDODYUDV TXH R SURFHVVDGRU FRQVLGHUD FRPR RIIVHW H VHJPHQWR GR HQGHUHoR GH UHWRUQR QHVWD RUGHP H FRORFD QRV UHJLVWUDGRUHV ,3 H &6 4XDOTXHU TXH VHMD R FDVR VH D URWLQD IRL FKDPDGD FRUUHWDPHQWHLVWRpGHDFRUGRFRPRWLSRGH TXHGHWHUPLQDVHXWLSRQHDU RXIDUDVLWXDomRGDSLOKDDSyVRWpUPLQRGDVXEURWLQDVHUiDGDILJXUD
#% #% # #% # #%

0LFURSURFHVVDGRUHVFRQFHLWRVLPSRUWDQWHV $QWLJRWRSRGDSLOKD 3DUkPHWUR 63 3DUkPHWUR
&UHVFLPHQWRGDSLOKD
)LJ$SLOKDDSyVRUHWRUQRGDVXEURWLQD 2SUy[LPRSRQWRDWUDWDUpDUHPRomRGRVSDUkPHWURVGDSLOKDSHORSURJUDPD FKDPDGRU 3DUD WDQWR R SURJUDPD FKDPDGRU SRGHULD FRORFDU LPHGLDWDPHQWH DSyV D LQVWUXomR &$// GXDV QHVWH FDVR LQVWUXo}HV 323 SDUD XP UHJLVWUDGRU TXDOTXHU R TXH HOLPLQDULD RV SDUkPHWURV (PERUD IXQFLRQH HVWH PpWRGR JHUDOPHQWHQmRpXWLOL]DGRSHORVVHJXLQWHVPRWLYRV SRGHQmRKDYHUQHQKXPUHJLVWUDGRUGLVSRQtYHOSDUDVHID]HURV323V RPpWRGRpLQHILFLHQWHTXDQGRRQ~PHURGHSDUkPHWURVDHOLPLQDUpPXLWR JUDQGH (POXJDUGLVVRRTXHVHID]pVLPSOHVPHQWHDGLFLRQDURYDORUQDRUHJLVWUDGRU 63 RQGH Q p R Q~PHUR GH ZRUGV HPSLOKDGRV FRPR SDUkPHWURV DQWHV GD FKDPDGD2FyGLJRFRPSOHWRGDFKDPDGDGHXPDVXEURWLQD68%TXHDFHLWH GRLVSDUkPHWURVFRPRQRH[HPSORDFLPDILFDULDHQWmRDVVLP
MOV AX,PARAM1 PUSH AX MOV AX,PARAM2 PUSH AX CALL SUB ADD SP,4
; REMOVE OS PARMETROS APS O USO
$QLQKDPHQWRGHVXEURWLQDVQHVWLQJ
e FRPXP TXH SURJUDPDV VHMDP HVWUXWXUDGRV GH IRUPD TXH XPD VXEURWLQD FKDPH RXWUDV VXEURWLQDV $ DQiOLVH D VHJXLU PRVWUD TXH R PHFDQLVPR GH SDVVDJHPGHSDUkPHWURVDWUDYpVGDSLOKDIXQFLRQDWDPEpPQHVWHVFDVRVJUDoDV DRIDWRGHTXHRUHJLVWUDGRU%3pVHPSUHVDOYRQDSLOKDQRLQtFLRGHFDGDVXE URWLQDHUHVWDXUDGRDQWHVGRUHWRUQR 6XSRQKD XP SURJUDPD SULQFLSDO TXH FKDPH XPD VXEURWLQD QHDU GH QRPH 68%SDVVDQGROKHGRLVSDUkPHWURV36H36
MOV AX,P1S1 PUSH AX MOV AX,P2S1 PUSH AX CALL SUB1 ADD SP,4 ; PRIMEIRO PARMETRO NA PILHA ; SEGUNDO PARMETRO NA PILHA ; PARMETROS REMOVIDOS

6XSRQKD DLQGD TXH D VXEURWLQD 68% FKDPH XPD VHJXQGD VXEURWLQD IDU GH QRPH68%TXHUHFHEHWUrVSDUkPHWURV3636H36
SUB1 PROC NEAR PUSH BP MOV BP,SP ... MOV AX,P1S2 PUSH AX MOV AX,P2S2 PUSH AX MOV AX,P3S2 PUSH AX CALL SUB2 ADD SP,6 ... POP BP RET ENDP
; ACESSO A P1S1 E P2S1 ; PRIMEIRO PARMETRO NA PILHA ; SEGUNDO PARMETRO NA PILHA ; TERCEIRO PARMETRO NA PILHA ; PARMETROS REMOVIDOS ; ACESSO A P1S1 E P2S1 ; CONTINUA FUNCIONANDO!
SUB1
'HSRLV GR UHWRUQR GD VXEURWLQD 68% D VXEURWLQD 68% SRGH YROWDU D DFHVVDU RV SDUkPHWURV 36 HP >%3 @ H 36 HP >%3 @ ,VWR p SRVVtYHO SRUTXH 68% HPERUD PRGLILTXH R YDORU GH %3 UHVWDXUD HVVH UHJLVWUDGRUDQWHVGHUHWRUQDU
SUB2 PROC FAR PUSH BP MOV BP,SP ... POP BP RET ENDP
; ACESSO A P1S2, P2S2 e P3S2 ; BP VOLTA AO VALOR NECESSRIO EM SUB1
SUB2
$ VLWXDomR GD SLOKD LPHGLDWDPHQWH DQWHV GH D VXEURWLQD 68% FRPHoDU D HPSLOKDURVSDUkPHWURVSDUDDFKDPDGDGH68%pDPHVPDGDILJXUD$ ILJXUDPRVWUDFRPRILFDDSLOKDGHQWURGDVXEURWLQD68%GHSRLVTXHHVWD H[HFXWD DV GXDV SULPHLUDV LQVWUXo}HV SRVLFLRQDQGR %3 SDUD DFHVVDU VHXV SDUkPHWURV 'HSRLVGDLQVWUXomR323%3QRILQDOGH68%%3YROWDDWHURYDORUTXHOKH WLQKDVLGRDWULEXtGRHP68%'HVWDIRUPDDVXEURWLQD68%SRGHYROWDUD DFHVVDUVHXVSDUkPHWURVGDPHVPDIRUPDFRPRYLQKDID]HQGRDQWHVGHFKDPDU 68% *HQHUDOL]DQGR HQTXDQWR KRXYHU HVSDoR QD SLOKD R PHFDQLVPR GH SDVVDJHP GH SDUkPHWURV FRQWLQXD IXQFLRQDQGR LQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWH GR Q~PHURGHVXEURWLQDVDQLQKDGDV

0LFURSURFHVVDGRUHVFRQFHLWRVLPSRUWDQWHV $QWLJRWRSRGDSLOKD 36 36 2IIVHWGRHQGGHUHWRUQR $QWLJRYDORUGH%3 36 36 36 6HJPHQWRGRHQGGHUHWRUQR 2IIVHWGRHQGGHUHWRUQR %3XWLOL]DGRHP6 63%3 &UHVFLPHQWRGDSLOKD )LJ3DVVDJHPGHSDUkPHWURVHPVXEURWLQDVDQLQKDGDV
&RPSDUDomRHQWUHRVPpWRGRV
$SULQFLSDOYDQWDJHPGRPpWRGRGHSDVVDJHPSRUUHJLVWUDGRUHVpDYHORFLGDGH XPDYH]QmRH[LJHDFHVVRjPHPyULDH[WHUQD1RHQWDQWRVRIUHGDVVHJXLQWHV GHVYDQWDJHQV QHP VHPSUH Ki UHJLVWUDGRUHV OLYUHV HP Q~PHUR VXILFLHQWH SDUD DFRPRGDU WRGRVRVSDUkPHWURV p GLItFLO HVWDEHOHFHU XPD FRQYHQomR VREUH HP TXH RUGHP RV UHJLVWUDGRUHV GHYHPVHUXWLOL]DGRVjPHGLGDTXHDXPHQWDRQ~PHURGHSDUkPHWURV HP FRQVHTrQFLD DXPHQWDP D FRPSOH[LGDGH GD GRFXPHQWDomR GD VXE URWLQDHRULVFRGHVHFRPHWHUHPHUURVQDVXDFKDPDGD $ SDVVDJHP SRU YDULiYHLV JOREDLV HOLPLQD D SULPHLUD GDV GHVYDQWDJHQV DFLPD PDV SHUGH HP YHORFLGDGH $OpP GLVVR VRIUH GH SUREOHPDV VHPHOKDQWHV DRV GRLV~OWLPRVSRLVpGLItFLOHVWDEHOHFHUXPDFRQYHQomRXQLYHUVDOSDUDDDORFDomR HDRUGHPGHXWLOL]DomRGHYDULiYHLVFULDGDVHVSHFLDOPHQWHSDUDDSDVVDJHPGRV SDUkPHWURV $GPLQLVWUDU RV QRPHV GHVVDV YDULiYHLV WDPEpP FULD GLILFXOGDGHV )LQDOPHQWHDVYDULiYHLVJOREDLVILFDPRFXSDQGRHVSDoRRWHPSRWRGRPDVVy VmRXWLOL]DGDVGHQWURGDVVXEURWLQDV $ SDVVDJHP SHOD SLOKD HPERUD WDPEpP VHMD PDLV OHQWD SRU H[LJLU DFHVVR j PHPyULDH[WHUQDpRPpWRGRSUHIHULGRGHYLGRjXQLIRUPLGDGHGHWUDWDPHQWR TXHVHFRQVHJXHHWDPEpPSRUSHUPLWLUQDWXUDOPHQWHDFKDPDGDGHXPDVXE URWLQDGHQWURGHRXWUDHQTXDQWRKRXYHUHVSDoRQDSLOKD

&ULDomRGHYDULiYHLVORFDLV
$VHJXQGDIRUPDGHXWLOL]DomRGDSLOKDDVHUGLVFXWLGDQHVWHFDStWXORpDFULDomR GDVDVVLPFKDPDGDV YDULiYHLV ORFDLVRX YDULiYHLV DXWRPiWLFDV 6mR YDULiYHLV FULDGDV SRU XPD VXEURWLQD HP WHPSR GH H[HFXomR SDUD DUPD]HQDU UHVXOWDGRV WHPSRUiULRVHGHVWUXtGDVDQWHVGRUHWRUQR &RPR H[HPSOR VXSRQKD TXH D VXEURWLQD 6KRZ XWLOL]DGD QRV H[HPSORV DQWHULRUHVSDUDHVFUHYHUPHQVDJHQVQDWHODVHMDDOWHUDGDGHPRGRDLQFOXLUXPD FRQWDJHP GR Q~PHUR GH FDUDFWHUHV HVFULWRV UHWRUQDQGR HVWH Q~PHUR SDUD R SURJUDPD FKDPDGRU QR UHJLVWUDGRU $; 6XSRQKD DLQGD TXH VH GHVHMD ID]HU D FRQWDJHP GR Q~PHUR GH FDUDFWHUHV VHP XWLOL]DU XP GRV UHJLVWUDGRUHV SDUD DUPD]HQiOD PDV VLP XPD SRVLomR GH PHPyULD 8PD VROXomR SRVVtYHO VHULD FULDU XPD YDULiYHO JOREDO DSHQDV SDUD HVWD ILQDOLGDGH (QWUHWDQWR HVWD QmR p XPDVROXomRUD]RiYHOSRUTXHDYDULiYHOVyVHULD~WLOHQTXDQWRVHH[HFXWDVVHD VXEURWLQDPDVRFXSDULDHVSDoRRWHPSRWRGR2XVRGHXPDYDULiYHOORFDOp PDLVLQGLFDGRQHVWHFDVR $ FULDomR GH YDULiYHLV ORFDLV FRQVLVWH HP DEULU XPD EUHFKD QD SLOKD FRUUHVSRQGHQWH DR HVSDoR RFXSDGR SHODV YDULiYHLV TXH VH SUHWHQGH XWLOL]DU 3DUDWDQWRVXEWUDLVHGRYDORUGH63RQ~PHURGHE\WHVQHFHVViULRVORJRDSyV DSUHSDUDomRGRUHJLVWUDGRU%3SDUDDSRQWDUSDUDRVSDUkPHWURVSDVVDGRV3RU H[HPSORSDUDFULDUHVSDoRSDUDXPD~QLFDYDULiYHOGRWLSR ZRUGRFyGLJRGD VXEURWLQDp
PUSH BP MOV BP,SP SUB SP,2 ; Abre espao para um word
2 DVSHFWR GD SLOKD DSyV D H[HFXomR GHVWD VHTrQFLD SRU XPD VXEURWLQD QHDU TXHUHFHEHGRLVSDUkPHWURVpRDSUHVHQWDGRQDILJXUD $QWLJRWRSRGDSLOKD 3DUkPHWUR 3DUkPHWUR 2IIVHWGRHQGGHUHWRUQR %3 $QWLJRYDORUGH%3 63 (VSDoRSDUDYDULiYHOORFDO
&UHVFLPHQWRGDSLOKD
)LJ&ULDomRGHXPDYDULDYHOORFDO $SyV LVVR D SLOKD SRGH VHU XWLOL]DGD QRUPDOPHQWH ILFDQGR R HVSDoR FULDGR GLVSRQtYHOSDUDDUPD]HQDUYDORUHVWHPSRUiULRVeLPSRUWDQWHQRWDUTXH

DYDULiYHOORFDOVHULDHQGHUHoDGDSRU%36HIRVVHPFULDGDVPDLVYDULiYHLV VHXVHQGHUHoRVVHULDP%3%3HDVVLPSRUGLDQWH HVWHVHQGHUHoRVVmRRVPHVPRVSDUDVXEURWLQDVQHDUHIDU DV YDULiYHLV ORFDLV WrP VHPSUH GHVORFDPHQWRV QHJDWLYRV HP UHODomR D %3 HQTXDQWRRVSDUkPHWURVWrPVHPSUHGHVORFDPHQWRVSRVLWLYRV QR ILQDO GD VXEURWLQD D EUHFKD DEHUWD QD SLOKD SUHFLVD VHU IHFKDGD DQWHV TXHVHSRVVDUHFXSHUDURYDORUGH%3VDOYRQDHQWUDGD3DUDWDQWRVRPDVH QRYDPHQWH D 63 R YDORU VXEWUDtGR QD FULDomR GDV YDULiYHLV 2 ILQDO GD VXEURWLQDILFDULDDVVLP
ADD SP,2 POP BP RET
$ OLVWDJHP D VHJXLU PRVWUD XP SURJUDPD FRP XPD VXEURWLQD FKDPDGD 6+2:TXHXWLOL]DXPDYDULiYHOORFDO5HFHEHGRLVSDUkPHWURVHQGHUHoRVGH GXDVVWULQJVDHVFUHYHUQDWHODFRQWDRQ~PHURGHFDUDFWHUHVHVFULWRVHUHWRUQD HVWH YDORU HP $; 2 YDORU UHWRUQDGR p HQWmR FRQYHUWLGR SDUD R VLVWHPD GHFLPDOHDSUHVHQWDGRQDWHOD
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;VarLoc.asm - Variaveis locais ;Prof. Roberto M. Ziller - 04.01.2000 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; PILHA SEGMENT STACK DW 40H DUP(?) PILHA ENDS DADOS MSG1 MSG2 MSG3 MSG4 N DADOS CODE SEGMENT DB 'ESTE PROGRAMA JUNTA DUAS MENASGENS $' DB 'EM UMA UNICA.$' DB 0DH,0AH,'A LINHA ACIMA TEM $' DB ' CARACTERES.$' DB 00H,00H,'$' ENDS
SEGMENT ASSUME CS:CODE, DS:DADOS, SS:PILHA INICIO: MOV AX,DADOS MOV DS,AX MOV AX,OFFSET MSG1 ; ENDERECO DA MSG1 PUSH AX MOV AX,OFFSET MSG2 ; ENDERECO DA MSG2 PUSH AX CALL SHOW ADD SP,4 ; ELIMINA PARAMETROS DA PILHA MOV BL,10 ; DIV BL ; CONVERTE AX PARA DECIMAL OR AH,30H ; ASCII
MOV N+1,AH OR AL,30H MOV N,AL MOV AH,09H LEA DX,MSG3 INT 21H MOV AH,09H LEA DX,N INT 21H MOV AH,09H LEA DX,MSG4 INT 21H MOV AH,4CH INT 21H SHOW ; ; ; ; ; ; UNIDADE ASCII DEZENA ESCREVE MSG3

; ESCREVE VALOR DE N ; ESCREVE MSG4 ; TERMINA PROGRAMA
LOOP1:
OK1:
LOOP2:
OK2:
SHOW CODE
PROC NEAR PUSH BP MOV BP,SP SUB SP,2 ; VAR DE CONTAGEM TEMPORARIA MOV WORD PTR [BP-2],00H MOV BX,[BP+6] ; PRIMEIRA STRING CMP BYTE PTR [BX],'$' JZ OK1 INC WORD PTR [BP-2] ; CONTANDO CARACTERES DA MSG1 INC BX JMP LOOP1 MOV AH,09H MOV DX,[BP+6] INT 21H ; ESCREVE MSG1 MOV BX,[BP+4] ; SEGUNDA STRING CMP BYTE PTR [BX],'$' JZ OK2 INC WORD PTR [BP-2] ; CONTANDO CARACTERES DA MSG2 INC BX JMP LOOP2 MOV AH,09H MOV DX,[BP+4] INT 21H ; ESCREVE MSG2 MOV AX,[BP-2] ; VALOR A RETORNAR ADD SP,2 ; DESTROI VARIAVEL LOCAL POP BP RET ENDP ENDS END INICIO

9DULiYHLVORFDLVFRPLQLFLDOL]DomR
8PD IRUPD DOWHUQDWLYD GH FULDU YDULiYHLV ORFDLV FRP LQLFLDOL]DomR XWLOL]D D LQVWUXomR386+TXHFRORFDRYDORUFRUUHWRQDSLOKD&RPRHVWDLQVWUXomRQmR WUDEDOKD FRP HQGHUHoDPHQWR LPHGLDWR QR VmR QHFHVViULRV GRLV SDVVRV SDUDFULDUDYDULiYHO
MOV AX,0000H PUSH AX ; CRIA VARIVEL LOCAL ; INICIALIZADA COM 0000H
,QWHUUXSo}HVGR
,QWHUUXSo}HV
$V UD]}HV SDUD D H[LVWrQFLD GH XP PHFDQLVPR TXH SHUPLWD LQWHUURPSHU R SURFHVVDPHQWR QRUPDO GH XP SURJUDPD H[SRVWDV QR FDStWXOR DSOLFDPVH WDPEpP QR FDVR GR 3RU LVVRRWH[WR DVVXPH TXHR OHLWRUHVWHMDD SDU GD LPSRUWkQFLDH GD XWLOLGDGH GHVVH PHFDQLVPRH SDVVD GLUHWDPHQWHj H[SOLFDomR GRVGHWDOKHVGHVXDLPSOHPHQWDomRSDUDHVWHSURFHVVDGRU
&DUDFWHUtVWLFDVJHUDLV
2 SRGHWUDWDU DWp LQWHUUXSo}HV GLIHUHQWHV QXPHUDGDV GH D))+ &RPR HVWH Q~PHUR p VLJQLILFDWLYDPHQWH PDLRU GR TXH DV FLQFR LQWHUUXSo}HV SRVVtYHLVQR pFRPSUHHQVtYHO TXHKDMD GLIHUHQoDV QD LPSOHPHQWDomR GR PHFDQLVPR GH LQWHUUXSomR GR (VWDV GLIHUHQoDV DSDUHFHP QRV VHJXLQWHV SRQWRV QRVHQGHUHoRVRQGHVHORFDOL]DPRVWUDWDGRUHVGHLQWHUUXSomR QRQ~PHURGHSLQRVGHGLFDGRVjVLQDOL]DomRGHLQWHUUXSo}HVGHKDUGZDUH QRPHFDQLVPRGHKDELOLWDomRGHVDELOLWDomRGDVLQWHUUXSo}HV QRVPHFDQLVPRVGHFKDPDGDHUHWRUQR
$WDEHODGHYHWRUHVGHLQWHUUXSomR
$R FRQWUiULR GR TXH DFRQWHFH QR D ORFDOL]DomR GRV WUDWDGRUHV GH LQWHUUXSomR GR QmR p SUpIL[DGD QR SURMHWR GR SURFHVVDGRU (P YH] GLVVR R ID] XVR GD DVVLP FKDPDGD WDEHOD GH YHWRUHV GH LQWHUUXSomR (VWD FRQWpP SRQWHLURV GR WLSR IDU RV YHWRUHV FDGD XP FRUUHVSRQGHQGR DR HQGHUHoR LQLFLDO GH XP WUDWDGRU &RP LVVR RV WUDWDGRUHV SRGHP UHVLGLU HP TXDOTXHU SDUWH GD PHPyULD HQGHUHoiYHO 3DUD HQFRQWUDU R WUDWDGRU FRUUHWR

TXDQGRRFRUUHDLQWHUUXSomRGHQ~PHUR LRSURFHVVDGRUOrR LpVLPRYHWRUGD WDEHODHFRORFDHVWHYDORUQRSDU &6,3GHVYLDQGRDVVLPRSURFHVVDPHQWRGR SURJUDPD SDUD R WUDWDGRU e LPSRUWDQWH QRWDU TXH D WDEHOD QmR FRQWpP R WUDWDGRUPDVDSHQDVGL]RQGHHOHFRPHoD 3DUD TXH LVWR IXQFLRQH R SURFHVVDGRU SUHFLVD VDEHU RQGH ILFD D WDEHOD $ VROXomR DGRWDGD SDUD HVWH SUREOHPD p VLPSOHV D WDEHOD GH YHWRUHV GH LQWHUUXSomRLQLFLDVHPSUHQRHQGHUHoRIL[R ++(QWmRRVSULPHLURV E\WHV++D++FRQWrPRHQGHUHoRLQLFLDOGRWUDWDGRU GDLQWHUUXSomRRVE\WHVVHJXLQWHVFRQWrPRHQGHUHoRLQLFLDOGRWUDWDGRUGD LQWHUUXSomR H DVVLP SRU GLDQWH $ ILJXUD PRVWUD D WtWXOR GH H[HPSOR FRPRILFDULDRFRQWH~GRGRVSULPHLURVE\WHVGDPHPyULDVHRVWUDWDGRUHVGDV LQWHUUXSo}HVHLQLFLDVVHPUHVSHFWLYDPHQWHQRVHQGHUHoRV++H ++ (QGHUHoR ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ ++ &RQWH~GR + + + + + + + +
)LJ$WDEHODGHYHWRUHVGHLQWHUUXSomRGR $GLVSRVLomRGRVYDORUHVDSUHVHQWDGRVVHH[SOLFDDWUDYpVGDVVHJXLQWHVUHJUDV YiOLGDVSDUDWRGRVRVSURFHVVDGRUHVGDOLQKD[ TXDQGR D PHPyULD FRQWpP XP GDGR TXH RFXSD PDLV GH XP E\WH R E\WH PHQRV VLJQLILFDWLYR p DUPD]HQDGR QR HQGHUHoR PHQRU H R PDLV VLJQLILFDWLYRQRHQGHUHoRPDLRU R ZRUG FRUUHVSRQGHQWH DR VHJPHQWR p FRQVLGHUDGR PDLV VLJQLILFDWLYR GR TXHRFRUUHVSRQGHQWHDRRIIVHW 'HVWDIRUPDRVRIIVHWV+H+GDWDEHODFRQWrPRYDORUGRRIIVHWGR WUDWDGRU GD LQWHUUXSomR TXH p + 2 E\WH PHQRV VLJQLILFDWLYR + p DUPD]HQDGR SULPHLUR VHJXLGR GR E\WH PDLV VLJQLILFDWLYR + (P VHJXLGD YrPRVGRLVE\WHVTXHFRPS}HPRYDORUGRVHJPHQWR2HQGHUHoRGHLQtFLR GRWUDWDGRUGDLQWHUUXSomRpDUPD]HQDGRGHIRUPDDQiORJD $ILPGHIDFLOLWDUDOHLWXUDGRVSRQWHLURVpFRPXPDSUHVHQWDUDWDEHODFRPRQD ILJXUDHPTXHRVE\WHVGDPHPyULDHVWmRDJUXSDGRVGHTXDWURHPTXDWUR
,QWHUUXSo}HVGR

(PERUDHVWDVHMDD UHSUHVHQWDomRPDLVXVDGDpLPSRUWDQWHVDEHUFRPRVHGi GH IDWR R DUPD]HQDPHQWR $ ILJXUD PRVWUD WDPEpP TXH QR FDVR JHUDO R HQGHUHoRWUDWDGRUGDLpVLPDLQWHUUXSomRVHORFDOL]DQRRIIVHWLGDWDEHODHTXH R HQGHUHoR GR ~OWLPR WUDWDGRU UHVLGH QRV RIIVHWV )&+ D ))+ 2 FRPSULPHQWRWRWDOGDWDEHODpGH[ E\WHV N% (QGHUHoR ++ ++ +L +)&+ &RQWH~GR ++ ++ (QGHUHoRLQLFLDOGRWUDWDGRUGDLQWHUUXSomRL (QGHUHoRLQLFLDOGRWUDWDGRUGDLQWHUUXSomR))+
)LJ$WDEHODGHYHWRUHVGHLQWHUUXSomRGR
$VLQDOL]DomRGDVLQWHUUXSo}HV
$VLQDOL]DomRGHHYHQWRVH[WHUQRVUHVSRQViYHLVSHODLQWHUUXSomRGRSURJUDPDp IHLWD DWUDYpV GH GRLV SLQRV GR SURFHVVDGRU GHQRPLQDGRV 10, QRQPDVNDEOH LQWHUUXSW H ,17 2 SULPHLUR FRUUHVSRQGH DR SLQR 75$3 GR H p GH XVR H[FOXVLYRSDUDDFKDPDGDGDLQWHUUXSomRTXHQmRSRGHVHUGHVDELOLWDGDHp XWLOL]DGDHPJHUDOSDUDVLQDOL]DUDRFRUUrQFLDGHXPHYHQWRFUtWLFRFRPRSRU H[HPSOR D TXHGD LPLQHQWH GD DOLPHQWDomR 7RGDV DV GHPDLV LQWHUUXSo}HV VmR VLQDOL]DGDVDWUDYpVGRSLQR,17DRTXDOVHOLJDQRUPDOPHQWHXPFRQWURODGRU GHLQWHUUXSo}HVGHIRUPDVHPHOKDQWHjGHVFULWDQRFDStWXOReR TXHUHFHEHDVLQDOL]DomRGDVLQWHUUXSo}HVSURSULDPHQWHGLWDVHSDVVDDRR Q~PHUR GD VROLFLWDomR UHFHELGD 'H SRVVH GHVWD LQIRUPDomR R SURFHVVDGRU EXVFD R HQGHUHoR GR WUDWDGRU FRUUHVSRQGHQWH QD WDEHOD GH YHWRUHV GH LQWHUUXSomR
+DELOLWDQGRHGHVDELOLWDQGR
$ KDELOLWDomR GDV LQWHUUXSo}HV p IHLWD DWUDYpV GR IODJ ,) LQWHUUXSW IODJ TXH UHVLGHQDSDODYUDGHIODJVGRSURFHVVDGRU(VWHIODJSRGHVHUVHWDGRHUHVHWDGR SHODVLQVWUXo}HV67,H&/,UHVSHFWLYDPHQWHHKDELOLWDGHVDELOLWDGHXPDVy YH] WRGDV DV LQWHUUXSo}HV FRP H[FHomR GD LQWHUUXSomR 10, TXH SHUPDQHFH VHPSUH KDELOLWDGD 2 FRQWUROH LQGLYLGXDO GDV LQWHUUXSo}HV QmR p

IHLWRDWUDYpVPDVVLPPHGLDQWHSURJUDPDomRDGHTXDGDGRFRQWURODGRUGH LQWHUUXSomRH[WHUQR
2GHVYLRSDUDRWUDWDGRU
2 SHGLGR GH XPD LQWHUUXSomR KDELOLWDGD p DWHQGLGR DVVLP TXH WHUPLQD D H[HFXomRGDLQVWUXomRHPFXUVRQRPRPHQWR GD VROLFLWDomR $ ILP GH TXH R SURFHVVDPHQWRGRSURJUDPDSRVVDVHUUHWRPDGRDSyVDH[HFXomRGRWUDWDGRU p QHFHVViULR TXH R SURFHVVDGRU DUPD]HQH DXWRPDWLFDPHQWH R HQGHUHoR GH UHWRUQRTXHpRHQGHUHoRGDLQVWUXomRVHJXLQWHjTXHHVWDYDVHQGRH[HFXWDGD QRPRPHQWRGDVROLFLWDomR&RPRRGHVYLRDVHUUHDOL]DGRDOWHUDRYDORU GH &6,3p QHFHVViULR DUPD]HQDU RV YDORUHV GR VHJPHQWR &6 DWXDO H GR RIIVHW ,3MiFRUULJLGRSDUDDSRQWDUSDUDDLQVWUXomRVHJXLQWHGHVVHHQGHUHoR$OpP GLVVRRVDOYDWDPEpPRYDORUDWXDOGRVIODJV2DUPD]HQDPHQWRVHGiQD SLOKDHRVYDORUHVVmRDUPD]HQDGRVQHVWDRUGHPIODJV&6,3(PVHJXLGDR SURFHVVDGRUUHVHWDR IODJ ,) H H[HFXWD R GHVYLR 'HVWD IRUPD D H[HFXomR GR WUDWDGRU LQLFLD FRP DV LQWHUUXSo}HV GHVDELOLWDGDV R TXH HYLWD TXH R PHVPR WUDWDGRUVHMDFKDPDGRYiULDVYH]HVGHIRUPDUHFXUVLYDSRUXP~QLFRSHGLGR GHLQWHUUXSomR 2 UHWRUQR p IHLWR PHGLDQWH D LQVWUXomR ,5(7 TXH ILQDOL]D R WUDWDGRU UHFXSHUDQGRRVYDORUHVVDOYRVQDSLOKDSRURFDVLmRGRGHVYLR 2 DUPD]HQDPHQWR GRV IODJV WHP XPD FRQVHTrQFLD GLJQD GH QRWD QmR p QHFHVViULRKDELOLWDUDVLQWHUUXSo}HVGHQWURGRWUDWDGRUDPHQRVTXHVHGHVHMH DWHQGHU D RXWURV SHGLGRV GH LQWHUUXSomR GXUDQWH VXD H[HFXomR 1mR H[LVWH R ULVFRGHTXHDVLQWHUUXSo}HVILTXHPGHVDELOLWDGDVSDUDVHPSUHSRUTXHRVIODJV VDOYRVQDSLOKDLQFOXHPRYDORUTXHRIODJ,)WLQKDDQWHVGRGHVYLR&RPRRV IODJV VmR UHFXSHUDGRV SHOD LQVWUXomR ,5(7 R HVWDGR DQWHULRU VH UHVWDEHOHFH DXWRPDWLFDPHQWHDSyVRUHWRUQR
,QWHUUXSo}HVGHVRIWZDUH
$ LQVWUXomR ,17 L RQGH L p XP Q~PHUR GH D ))+ ID] FRP TXH R SURFHVVDGRUSURFHGDH[DWDPHQWHFRPRVHWLYHVVHUHFHELGRXPDVROLFLWDomRGD LQWHUUXSomRL3RULVVRHVWDLQVWUXomRUHFHEHRQRPHGHLQWHUUXSomRGHVRIWZDUH$ PHQRVGRDUPD]HQDPHQWRGRVIODJVQDSLOKDH[HFXWDUDLQVWUXomR,17LWHPR PHVPR HIHLWR GH FKDPDU R WUDWDGRU GHVVD LQWHUUXSomR FRPR XPD VXEURWLQD

Uma exceo a esta regra so as instrues de manipulao de strings, discutidas mais adiante.
,QWHUUXSo}HVGR

PDVFRPXPDLPSRUWDQWHGLIHUHQoDRHQGHUHoRGDVXEURWLQDQmRpGDGRGH IRUPDH[SOtFLWDHLVWRFULDXPPHFDQLVPRGHFKDPDGDLQGLUHWDGHVXEURWLQDV PXLWR ~WLO HP VLWXDo}HV HP TXH D VXEURWLQD D VHU FKDPDGD SRGH PXGDU GH HQGHUHoRVHPTXHVHTXHLUDUHFRPSLODURSURJUDPDFKDPDGRUSRUFDXVDGLVVR 8PH[HPSORGHDSOLFDomRGHVVHPHFDQLVPRVmRRVVHUYLoRVGR'26 YDQH[R $ XWLOL]DomR GDV LQWHUUXSo}HV GH VRIWZDUH SHUPLWH TXH DV VXEURWLQDV GH VHUYLoR RV WUDWDGRUHV GDV LQWHUUXSo}HV FKDPDGDV SRVVDP PXGDU GH OXJDU GH XPD YHUVmR SDUD RXWUD GR VLVWHPD RSHUDFLRQDO VHP TXH LVVR LPSOLTXH QD UHFRPSLODomRGRVDSOLFDWLYRVGRXVXiULR3DUDPDQWHURVHUYLoRIXQFLRQDQGRR '26VySUHFLVDDWXDOL]DUDWDEHODGHYHWRUHVGHLQWHUUXSomR
,QWHUUXSo}HVUHVHUYDGDV
$OJXPDV LQWHUUXSo}HV WrP ILQDOLGDGHV HVSHFLDLV SDUD R H SRU LVVR VmR FRQVLGHUDGDV UHVHUYDGDV $ SULPHLUD GHODV p D LQWHUUXSomR TXH p JHUDGD DXWRPDWLFDPHQWHTXDQGRRGLYLVRUSDVVDGRSDUDXPDLQVWUXomRGHGLYLVmRIRU LJXDOD]HUR'HVWDIRUPDRWUDWDGRUGDLQWHUUXSomRSRGHVHUYLVWRFRPRXP WUDWDGRUGHH[FHomRSDUDHVWHHUURFKDPDGRDXWRPDWLFDPHQWH 2WUDWDGRUGDLQWHUUXSomRpFKDPDGRDXWRPDWLFDPHQWHVHPSUHTXHRIODJ7) WUDS IODJ HVWLYHU VHWDGR (VWH PHFDQLVPR IRL FULDGR SDUD IDFLOLWDU D LPSOHPHQWDomRGHGHSXUDGRUHVTXHSHUPLWHPTXH VH H[HFXWHP DV LQVWUXo}HV GHXPSURJUDPDSDVVRDSDVVRSDUDQGRDSyVFDGDXPDGHODV2SULQFtSLRGH XWLOL]DomRFRQVLVWHHPVHWDUHVVHIODJLPHGLDWDPHQWHDQWHVGDLQVWUXomRTXHVH SUHWHQGHH[HFXWDUGHVWDIRUPD$VVLPTXHDLQVWUXomRpH[HFXWDGDRWUDWDGRU GD LQWHUUXSomR p FKDPDGR H SRGH HQWmR DSUHVHQWDU LQIRUPDo}HV VREUH R HVWDGRDWXDOGRSURFHVVDGRU3DUDTXHRWUDWDGRUQmRVHMDHOHSUySULRWUDQFDGR SHODH[HFXomRRSURFHVVDGRUUHVHWDRIODJ7)DQWHVGHGHVYLDUSDUDRWUDWDGRU $ LQWHUUXSomR p XPD LQWHUUXSomR FXMD FRGLILFDomR RFXSD DSHQDV E\WH HP YH] GRV GRLV E\WHV RFXSDGRV QRUPDOPHQWH SHOD LQVWUXomR ,17 L ,VWR VHUYH QRYDPHQWH DRV GHSXUDGRUHV TXH D XWLOL]DP QD FULDomR GH EUHDNSRLQWV VXEVWLWXLQGR R E\WH TXH HVWi QXP GHWHUPLQDGR HQGHUHoR SHOR RSFRGH GD LQWHUUXSomR8PDYH]DOFDQoDGRHVWHHQGHUHoRRSURJUDPDpGHVYLDGRSDUDR WUDWDGRUFRUUHVSRQGHQWHTXHH[HFXWDDVDo}HVQHFHVViULDV )LQDOPHQWH R WUDWDGRU GD LQWHUUXSomR p FKDPDGR SHOD LQVWUXomR ,172 LQWHUUXSWLIRYHUIORZVHPSUHTXHHVWDIRUH[HFXWDGDFRPRIODJ2) RYHUIORZIODJ

Um breakpoint um recurso de depurao que permite executar o programa sob teste at um endereo especificado e ento par-lo, a fim de examinar em detalhe o que est acontecendo nesse ponto da execuo.

VHWDGR ,VWR SHUPLWH DR SURJUDPD UHDJLU GH IRUPD FRQYHQLHQWH D HUURV GH RYHUIORZGHGLYLVmRRVFDVRVHPTXHRUHVXOWDGRGHXPDGLYLVmRpILQLWRPDV QmRFDEHQRUHJLVWUDGRUGHGHVWLQR $OpP GDV LQWHUUXSo}HV GHVFULWDV D ,QWHO FRQVLGHUD UHVHUYDGDV DV LQWHUUXSo}HV +D)+(PERUDHVWDVQmRVHMDPHVSHFLDLVQRQmRVHGHYHXWLOL]iODV SRLV HODV WrP IXQFLRQDOLGDGH HVSHFtILFD QRV GHPDLV SURFHVVDGRUHV GD IDPtOLD [ 8WLOL]iODV SDUD ILQV SDUWLFXODUHV SRGH LPSOLFDU HP SHUGD GH FRPSDWLELOLGDGHGRVRIWZDUHFRPHVWHVSURFHVVDGRUHV $WDEHODUHVXPHDVLQWHUUXSo}HVHVSHFLDLVGR 1~PHUR )+ 2IIVHWGRYHWRU + + + &+ + +&+ 8VR 'HWHFomRGHGLYLVmRSRU]HUR ([HFXomRSDVVRDSDVVR ,QWHUUXSomRQmRPDVFDUiYHO %UHDNSRLQWV 2YHUIORZ 5HVHUYDGR
7DE,QWHUUXSo}HVUHVHUYDGDVGR
0DQLSXODomRGHVWULQJV
,QWURGXomR
2 FRQWD FRP XP JUXSR GH LQVWUXo}HV TXH GmR VXSRUWH j UHDOL]DomR GH WDUHIDV TXH DSDUHFHP FRP IUHTrQFLD TXDQGR VH PDQLSXODP FDGHLDV GH FDUDFWHUHVVWULQJV8PDYH]TXHDUHSUHVHQWDomRGHXPDFDGHLDGHFDUDFWHUHVQD PHPyULD p D PHVPD GH XPD WDEHOD HVWDV LQVWUXo}HV VmR LJXDOPHQWH ~WHLV QD PDQLSXODomRGHWDEHODVJHQpULFDV $ SULQFLSDO YDQWDJHP GR HPSUHJR GDV LQVWUXo}HV GH PDQLSXODomR GH VWULQJV HVWiQRJDQKRGHYHORFLGDGHTXHSURSRUFLRQDP([LVWHWDPEpPXPDSHTXHQD UHGXomR QR WDPDQKR GR SURJUDPD PDV HVWD YDQWDJHP p JHUDOPHQWH LQVLJQLILFDQWHTXDQGRFRPSDUDGDDRDXPHQWRGHGHVHPSHQKR 2REMHWLYRGHVWHFDStWXORpRGHDSUHVHQWDUHVVDVLQVWUXo}HVH[HPSOLILFDUVHX XVRHPRVWUDUGHRQGHYHPHVVHJDQKRGHGHVHPSHQKR
$VLQVWUXo}HV
$VLQVWUXo}HVGLVSRQtYHLVGmRVXSRUWHjVVHJXLQWHVRSHUDo}HV FySLDGHXPDUHJLmRGDPHPyULDSDUDRXWUD FRPSDUDomR GH GXDV VWULQJV WDEHODV ORFDOL]DomR GR SULPHLUR HOHPHQWR LJXDORXGLIHUHQWH YDUUHGXUDEXVFDGRSULPHLURFDUDFWHULJXDORXGLIHUHQWHGHXPFDUDFWHUGH FRPSDUDomR OHLWXUDGRVHOHPHQWRVGHXPDVWULQJXPSRUYH] LQLFLDOL]DomRGHWDEHODV $ WDEHOD DSUHVHQWD DV LQVWUXo}HV GH PDQLSXODomR GH VWULQJV H[LVWHQWHV QR VXDDSOLFDomRHDFODVVLILFDomRGRVDUJXPHQWRVQHFHVViULRV

0LFURSURFHVVDGRUHVFRQFHLWRVLPSRUWDQWHV 0QHP{QLFR 02960296%0296: &036&036%&036: 6&$66&$6%6&$6: /2'6/2'6%/2'6: 67266726%6726: $SOLFDomR &ySLD &RPSDUDomR 9DUUHGXUD /HLWXUD ,QLFLDOL]DomR $UJXPHQWRV 'HVWLQRRULJHP 'HVWLQRRULJHP 'HVWLQR 2ULJHP 'HVWLQR
7DE$VLQVWUXo}HVGHPDQLSXODomRGHVWULQJV 1RWH TXH DV LQVWUXo}HV GH FySLD H GH FRPSDUDomR DWXDP VREUH GXDV VWULQJV GLIHUHQWHVHQTXDQWRDVGHPDLVDWXDP VREUH XPD ~QLFD VWULQJ 7RGDV WrP HP FRPXPDVVHJXLQWHVFDUDFWHUtVWLFDV RDUJXPHQWRGHRULJHPHVWiORFDOL]DGRVHPSUHHP'6>6,@ R DUJXPHQWR GH GHVWLQR HVWi ORFDOL]DGR SRU GHIDXOW HP (6>',@ R VHJPHQWR SRGH VHU PXGDGR SDUD &6 '6 RX 66 FRP XP SUHIL[R GH PRGLILFDomRGHVHJPHQWRRRIIVHWpVHPSUHGDGRSRU', SRGHPDJLUWDQWRVREUHE\WHVTXDQWRVREUHZRUGV GHSHQGHQGRGRYDORUGRIODJGHGLUHomR')DVVWULQJVVmRPDQLSXODGDVGR LQtFLRSDUDRILP') RXGRILPSDUDRFRPHoR') TXDQGR XPD LQVWUXomR GH PDQLSXODomR GH VWULQJV p H[HFXWDGD RV UHJLVWUDGRUHV 6, H ', VH XWLOL]DGRV VmR DMXVWDGRV SDUD DSRQWDUHP SDUD R SUy[LPR HOHPHQWR GD VWULQJ HP TXHVWmR (VWH DMXVWH SRGH VHU XP LQFUHPHQWR') RXGHFUHPHQWR') GHXPDXQLGDGHTXDQGRD LQVWUXomRDJHVREUHE\WHVRXGHGXDVXQLGDGHVLGHPZRUGV WRGDV DV LQVWUXo}HV RFXSDP DSHQDV XP E\WH SUHFHGLGR GH XP SUHIL[R GH PRGLILFDomRGHVHJPHQWRGHGHVWLQRTXDQGRIRURFDVR $WDEHODPRVWUDTXHH[LVWHPWUrVPQHP{QLFRVGLIHUHQWHVSDUDFDGDXPDGDV DSOLFDo}HVSRVVtYHLV2SULPHLURPQHP{QLFRWHUPLQDVHPSUHSHODOHWUD6TXH GHQRWD VWULQJ(VWDIRUPDGRVPQHP{QLFRVH[LJHDUJXPHQWRVTXHSHUPLWDPDR DVVHPEOHUFRQFOXLUVHDLQVWUXomRVHUHIHUHjPDQLSXODomRGHE\WHVRXGHZRUGV 3RUH[HPSORDLQVWUXomR0296SRGHVHUXWLOL]DGDGDVVHJXLQWHVIRUPDV
MOVS BYTE PTR ES:[DI],[SI]
RX
MOVS WORD PTR ES:[DI],[SI]
VLJQLILFDQGRTXHDRSHUDomRDVHUUHDOL]DGDpDFySLDGRE\WHQRSULPHLURFDVR RXGRZRUGQRVHJXQGRFDVRHP'6>6,@SDUD (6>',@ e LPSRUWDQWH QRWDU TXH HPERUD D LQVWUXomR VHMD HVFULWD FRP GRLV DUJXPHQWRV VXD FRGLILFDomR FRQWLQXDVHQGRIHLWDHPXP~QLFRE\WHRVDUJXPHQWRVVHUYHPDSHQDVSDUDR TXHDVVHPEOHUSRVVDGHFLGLUVHDLQVWUXomRGHYHDJLUVREUHE\WHVRXZRUGVHVH

KiQHFHVVLGDGHGHDOJXPSUHIL[RGHPRGLILFDomRGRVHJPHQWRGHGHVWLQR1RV FDVRVDFLPDTXHXWLOL]DPRVHJPHQWRGHIDXOWSRGHVHHVFUHYHUVLPSOHVPHQWH
MOVSB
RX
MOVSW
UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH FRP R PHVPR UHVXOWDGR $ IRUPD ORQJD FRP DUJXPHQWRV H[SOtFLWRVVypREULJDWyULDTXDQGRVHTXHUPXGDURVHJPHQWRGHGHVWLQRFRPR HP

MOVS BYTE PTR DS:[DI],[SI]
RX
MOVS WORD PTR DS:[DI],[SI]
1HVWHVH[HPSORVDFySLDVHID]GHQWURGHXPPHVPRVHJPHQWR
8PH[HPSORFySLDGHWDEHODV
6HMDDWDUHIDGHFRSLDURFRQWH~GRGHXPDWDEHODGH N% ORFDOL]DGDQRRIIVHW 7$%GR VHJPHQWR'$7$SDUD XPDWDEHODGH LJXDOWDPDQKRORFDOL]DGDQR RIIVHW7$%GH XPVHJPHQWRFKDPDGR '$7$ 2 SURJUDPD DEDL[R PRVWUD FRPR HVWD FySLD SRGHULD VHU IHLWD SULPHLUDPHQWH VHP D XWLOL]DomR GDV LQVWUXo}HVGHPDQLSXODomRGHVWULQJV
TABSIZE EQU 400H PILHA SEGMENT STACK DB 128 DUP(?) PILHA ENDS DATA1 SEGMENT TAB1 DB TABSIZE DUP(55H) DATA1 ENDS DATA2 SEGMENT TAB2 DB TABSIZE DUP(00H) DATA2 ENDS CODE SEGMENT ASSUME CS:CODE,DS:DATA1,ES:DATA2 START: MOV AX,DATA1 MOV DS,AX MOV AX,DATA2 MOV ES,AX LEA SI,TAB1 LEA DI,TAB2 MOV CX,TABSIZE LOOP: MOV AL,[SI] MOV ES:[DI],AL

INC INC DEC JNZ ...
SI DI CX LOOP
2 FyGLJR DSUHVHQWDGR SRGH VHU PHOKRUDGR PHGLDQWH XWLOL]DomR GD LQVWUXomR 0296%TXHGHDFRUGRFRPDVHomRVXEVWLWXLDVTXDWURSULPHLUDVOLQKDV GRORRS3DUDWHUFHUWH]DGHTXHDFySLDVHGrQDGLUHomRFHUWDLQFUHPHQWRGH 6,H',pSUHFLVRFRORFDUDQWHVXPDLQVWUXomR&/'2FyGLJRILFDDVVLP
START: MOV AX,DATA1 MOV DS,AX MOV AX,DATA2 MOV ES,AX LEA SI,TAB1 LEA DI,TAB2 MOV CX,TABSIZE CLD MOVSB DEC CX JNZ LOOP ...
LOOP:
1HVWH SRQWR p SRVVtYHO FRPHoDU D YHU FRPR D XWLOL]DomR GDV LQVWUXo}HV GH PDQLSXODomR GH VWULQJV DIHWD R WDPDQKR GR SURJUDPD H VHX GHVHPSHQKR $ UHGXomRQRWDPDQKRGRSURJUDPDVHGiSRUTXHXPDLQVWUXomRGHPDQLSXODomR GHVWULQJVVXEVWLWXLYiULDVLQVWUXo}HVFRQYHQFLRQDLV 2JDQKRGHGHVHPSHQKRPHUHFHXPDDQiOLVHPDLVGHWDOKDGD(OHQmRYHPGH DOJXPUHFXUVRHVSHFLDOGDLQVWUXomRGHPDQLSXODomRGHVWULQJVHPVLSRLVHVWD SUHFLVD OHU R E\WH D VHU FRSLDGR GD VXD SRVLomR GH RULJHP HVFUHYrOR QD VXD SRVLomR GH GHVWLQR H LQFUHPHQWDU RV UHJLVWUDGRUHV 6, H ', GD PHVPD IRUPD TXH R FyGLJR VHP D LQVWUXomR GH PDQLSXODomR GH VWULQJV (VWDV RSHUDo}HV SULQFLSDOPHQWH RV DFHVVRV j PHPyULD H[LJHP XP WHPSR TXH QmR Ki FRPR UHGX]LU 2 JDQKR GH GHVHPSHQKR YHP GR IDWR GH TXH HP JHUDO DV LQVWUXo}HV TXH ID]HPDPDQLSXODomRVmRH[HFXWDGDVXPJUDQGHQ~PHURGHYH]HV1RFDVRGR H[HPSOR DFLPD DV OLQKDV TXH FRPS}HP R ORRS VmR H[HFXWDGDV WDQWDV YH]HV TXDQWRV IRUHP RV E\WHV FRSLDGRV + RX e SUHFLVR OHPEUDU DJRUD TXH TXDQGR H[HFXWD XP ORRS R SURFHVVDGRU WHP GH OHU H GHFRGLILFDU HVVDV LQVWUXo}HVDFDGDYH]TXHVmRH[HFXWDGDVHLVVRVLJQLILFDTXHQRSULPHLURFDVR SUHFLVD H[HFXWDU [ LQVWUXo}HV HQTXDQWR TXH QR VHJXQGR VmR H[HFXWDGDV [ &DGD LQVWUXomR GHVVDV H[LJH D OHLWXUD GH SHOR PHQRVE\WHGDPHPyULDHSRUWDQWRKiPDLVWHPSRVHQGRJDVWRQDOHLWXUDGH LQVWUXo}HVGRTXHQDFySLDGDVWDEHODV &RPDUHGXomRGHVVHWHPSRjPHWDGH QRVHJXQGRFDVRFRPHoDDDSDUHFHUDYDQWDJHPGDVLQVWUXo}HVGHPDQLSXODomR

GHVWULQJV(VWHWHPSRSRGHVHUUHGX]LGRDLQGDPDLVDWUDYpVGRHPSUHJRGRV DVVLPFKDPDGRVSUHIL[RVGHUHSHWLomRDQDOLVDGRVDVHJXLU
2VSUHIL[RVGHUHSHWLomR
$ ILP GH IDFLOLWDU D UHSHWLomR GH XPD LQVWUXomR GH PDQLSXODomR GH VWULQJV R RIHUHFH RV SUHIL[RV GH UHSHWLomR TXH VmR FyGLJRV FRORFDGRV LPHGLDWDPHQWH DQWHVGHVVDVLQVWUXo}HVHTXHFDXVDPVXDUHSHWLomRDWpTXHXPDGDGDFRQGLomR GHSDUDGDVHMDDWLQJLGD 7RGRV RV SUHIL[RV GH UHSHWLomR WHVWDP &; DQWHV GH H[HFXWDU D LQVWUXomR TXH VHJXH 6H &; IRU ]HUR D LQVWUXomR QmR p H[HFXWDGD &DVR FRQWUiULR &; p GHFUHPHQWDGR GH XPD XQLGDGH H D LQVWUXomR p H[HFXWDGD 6H D LQVWUXomR HP TXHVWmR IRU XPD LQVWUXomR GH FRPSDUDomR &036 RX 6&$6 RV IODJV VmR DIHWDGRVGHDFRUGRFRPRUHVXOWDGRGDFRPSDUDomRIHLWD $ WDEHODDSUHVHQWD RVSUHIL[RVGHUHSHWLomRGLVSRQtYHLVHDVFRQGLo}HVGH SDUDGDFRUUHVSRQGHQWHV 3UHIL[R 5(3 5(3(5(3= 5(31(5(31= &RQGLomRGHSDUDGD &; &; RX=) &; RX=)
7DE3UHIL[RVGHUHSHWLomRGR 2SUHIL[RPDLVVLPSOHVp5(3UHSHDWTXHVLPSOHVPHQWHUHSHWHDLQVWUXomRHP TXHVWmR&;YH]HV2SUHIL[R5(3(HVHXVLQ{QLPR5(3= UHSHDWZKLOHHTXDO ]HURUHSHWHPDLQVWUXomRHPTXHVWmRHQTXDQWRR ]HUR IODJ SHUPDQHFHU VHWDGR 6H D LQVWUXomR IRU GH FRPSDUDomR D UHSHWLomR FRQWLQXDUi HQTXDQWR KRXYHU LJXDOGDGH HQWUH RV HOHPHQWRV FRPSDUDGRV $ UHSHWLomR FHVVD TXDQGR R IODJ GHL[DUGHVHUVHWDGRRXHQWmRTXDQGR&;FKHJDD]HUR(VWHSUHIL[RSRGHVHU XVDGRFRPDLQVWUXomR&036SDUDID]HUFRPTXHRSURFHVVDGRUFRPSDUHGXDV WDEHODV H SDUH DVVLP TXH HQFRQWUDU D SULPHLUD GHVLJXDOGDGH HQWUH HODV &RQVLGHUDQGR TXH R GLUHFWLRQ IODJ HVWHMD HP ]HUR RV RIIVHWV GRV HOHPHQWRV GHVLJXDLVVHUmRHQWmR6,H',VHRVHOHPHQWRVIRUHPE\WHVRX6,H', VH IRUHP ZRUGV $ VXEWUDomR GH RX p QHFHVViULD SRUTXH 6, H ', VmR DXWRPDWLFDPHQWH DMXVWDGRV SDUD DSRQWDU SDUD R HOHPHQWR VHJXLQWH LQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWH GR UHVXOWDGR GD FRPSDUDomR 6H ') HVWLYHU VHWDGR p QHFHVViULRVRPDUHPYH]GHVXEWUDLU 2SUHIL[R5(31(RXVHXVLQ{QLPR5(31=UHSHDWZKLOHQRWHTXDOQRW]HURpR GXDO GR DQWHULRU H UHSHWH D LQVWUXomR HP TXHVWmR HQTXDQWR R ]HUR IODJ

SHUPDQHFHU ]HUDGR (VWH SUHIL[R SRGH VHU XWLOL]DGR SDUD HQFRQWUDU XPD LJXDOGDGHHQWUHGXDVWDEHODV 3RGHPRV DJRUD PHOKRUDU DLQGD PDLV R FyGLJR DSUHVHQWDGR QD H[HPSOR GD VHomRWURFDQGRDVOLQKDVGRORRSGRVHJXQGRFDVRSRUXPD~QLFDOLQKD2 VHJPHQWRGHFyGLJRILFDHQWmRDVVLP
START: MOV AX,DATA1 MOV DS,AX MOV AX,DATA2 MOV ES,AX LEA SI,TAB1 LEA DI,TAB2 MOV CX,TABSIZE CLD MOVSB ...
REP
1RWH TXH DJRUD QmR H[LVWH PDLV R ORRS SDUD ID]HU D UHSHWLomR GD LQVWUXomR 0296%,VVRVLJQLILFDTXHHODpOLGDDSHQDVXPD~QLFDYH]E\WHVDRWRGR FRQVLGHUDQGR R SUHIL[R GH UHSHWLomR H QmR PDLV RX YH]HV FRPR QRV FDVRV GLVFXWLGRV QD VHomR $JRUD R WHPSR GH H[HFXomR GD LQVWUXomR FRUUHVSRQGH SUDWLFDPHQWH WRGR j UHDOL]DomR GH WUDEDOKR ~WLO SRLV R WHPSR JDVWRQDOHLWXUDHGHFRGLILFDomRGDLQVWUXomRpGHVSUH]tYHOTXDQGRFRPSDUDGR DR WHPSR QHFHVViULR SDUD D FySLD GD WDEHOD e DVVLP TXH DV LQVWUXo}HV GH PDQLSXODomR GH VWULQJV FRQVHJXHP SURSRUFLRQDU XP JDQKR GH YHORFLGDGH FRQVLGHUiYHODRSURFHVVDGRU
2FRUUrQFLDGHLQWHUUXSo}HV
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START: MOV AX,DADOS MOV DS,AX LEA SI,TAB1 LEA DI,TAB2 CLD CMPSB JZ IGUAL JMP DIFERENTE DEC SI ...
REPE IGUAL:

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START: MOV AX,DADOS MOV ES,AX LEA DI,TAB1 CLD MOV AX,1234H SCASW JZ IGUAL JMP DIFERENTE SUB DI,2 ...
REPNE IGUAL:
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; COMPRIMENTO DA STRING
LOOP: LOOPNZ
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LDA 2015H INR A STA 2015H ; Traz o contedo do byte 2015H para A ; A = A + 1 ; Escreve A no byte de endereo 2015H
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3A 15 20 3C 32 15 20 ; Codificao de LDA 2015H ; Idem, INR A ; Idem, STA 2015H
e LQWHUHVVDQWH QRWDU TXH RV E\WHV GR HQGHUHoR + VmR FRGLILFDGRV HP RUGHPLQYHUVDSULPHLUR+GHSRLV+(VWDpXPDFRQYHQomRVHJXLGDSRU WRGRVRVSURFHVVDGRUHVGD,QWHORDUPD]HQDPHQWRGHYDORUHVGHPDLVGHXP E\WHpIHLWRGHPRGRTXHRE\WHPHQRVVLJQLILFDWLYRILTXHQRHQGHUHoRPHQRU HRE\WHPDLVVLJQLILFDWLYRQRPDLRU 7HUPLQDGD D WUDGXomR SRGHPRV WRPDU RV FyGLJRV KH[DGHFLPDLV REWLGRV H FRORFiORV QD PHPyULD GR FRPSXWDGRU SDUD TXH R SURJUDPD SRVVD VHU H[HFXWDGR1HVWHSRQWRpQHFHVViULRHVFROKHURHQGHUHoRDSDUWLUGRTXDOHVVHV E\WHVVHUmRHVFULWRVQDPHPyULDGHSURJUDPD3RUH[HPSORVHGHVHMDUPRVTXH

RSURJUDPDLQLFLHQDSRVLomRGHPHPyULD+HQWmRRVHQGHUHoRVILFDUmR DVVLP
2000H 2003H 2004H 3A 15 20 3C 32 15 20 ; Codificao de LDA 2015H ; Idem, INR A ; Idem, STA 2015H
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2SDSHOGRDVVHPEOHU
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ORG 2000H LDA COUNT INR A STA COUNT ORG 2015H DB 00H END ; ; ; ; ; ; Codificar a partir de 2000H Codificao de LDA 2015H Idem, INR A Idem, STA 2015H Codificar a partir de 2015H Cria varivel com valor inicial 00H
COUNT

$SULPHLUDOLQKDLQGLFDDRDVVHPEOHUTXHRFyGLJRLQLFLDQRHQGHUHoR+ &RP LVVR R DVVHPEOHU WHP FRPR GHWHUPLQDU RV HQGHUHoRV GH WRGDV DV LQVWUXo}HVVHJXLQWHV $VOLQKDVVHJXLQWHVFRQWrPRVPQHP{QLFRVHJHUDPRFyGLJRFRUUHVSRQGHQWH D FDGD XP GHOHV 0DLV DGLDQWH YHP XPD VHJXQGD GLUHWLYD 25* TXH GL] DR DVVHPEOHU TXH WXGR TXH IRU JHUDGR GDOL HP GLDQWH GHYH LQLFLDU QD SRVLomR +eRFDVRGDGLUHWLYD
COUNT DB 00H,
TXHGL]DRDVVHPEOHUSDUDUHVHUYDUE\WH QR HQGHUHoR GH PHPyULD + H HVWDEHOHFHDRPHVPRWHPSRXPVLQ{QLPRSDUDHVWHHQGHUHoR TXH SRGH VHU XWLOL]DGRQRSURJUDPDFRPRQDVOLQKDVLDA COUNTHSTA COUNT 2VtPEROR COUNT,QRH[HPSORDFLPDpRTXHVHFKDPDGHXP ODEHOHWLTXHWD UyWXOR2VODEHOVH[LVWHPFRPDILQDOLGDGHGHSRXSDURSURJUDPDGRUGRFiOFXOR GH HQGHUHoRV SDUD FRORFDU QDV LQVWUXo}HV 3RU H[HPSOR VH GHSRLV GR E\WH COUNTIRVVHPGHILQLGRVRXWURVDVVLP
TABELA FLAG DB 00H, 01H, 02H, 03H, 04H, 05H DB 01H
HQWmR R VtPEROR TABELA VHULD XP VLQ{QLPR SDUD RV YDORUHV + TXH p R HQGHUHoR GR SULPHLUR E\WH GD WDEHOD &RQVHTHQWHPHQWH RV GHPDLV E\WHV GD WDEHOD RFXSDULDP DV SRVLo}HV + D %+ H R VtPEROR FLAG VHULD XP VLQ{QLPRSDUDRYDORU&+,VVRpPXLWR~WLOSULQFLSDOPHQWHQRVFDVRVHP TXH VH GHFLGH PXGDU DOJXPD FRLVD GH OXJDU QR SURJUDPD 6H DR LQYpV GH FRORFDU DV YDULiYHLV D SDUWLU GR HQGHUHoR + FRPR QR H[HPSOR DFLPD GHFLGtVVHPRVSDVViODVSDUDXPRXWUROXJDUPXGDQGRRDUJXPHQWRGDGLUHWLYD ORGHQWmRRVODEHOVVHULDPDWXDOL]DGRVDXWRPDWLFDPHQWHSHORDVVHPEOHU &DVR XViVVHPRV RV HQGHUHoRV GLUHWDPHQWH GHQWUR GDV LQVWUXo}HV WRGR R SURJUDPD WHULDTXHVHUUHYLVDGRSDUDVHDGDSWDUDRVQRYRVHQGHUHoRV2PHVPRYDOHSDUD RFDVRGHVHGHFLGLUPXGDURFRPSULPHQWRGDWDEHOD 2V YDORUHV FRORFDGRV DSyV D GLUHWLYD '% VmR LQLFLDOL]DP DV YDULiYHLV (VVHV YDORUHV VmR FRORFDGRV QR DUTXLYRREMHWR H TXDQGR R SURJUDPD p FDUUHJDGR SDUDH[HFXomRVmRWUDQVIHULGRVSDUDDPHPyULDMXQWDPHQWHFRPRVFyGLJRVGDV LQVWUXo}HV1RFDVRGRH[HPSORDFLPDLVWRSRXSDRSURJUDPDGRUGHWHUTXH LQLFLDOL]DU D YDULiYHO COUNT DQWHV GH WHVWDU R SURJUDPD 1RWH SRUpP TXH DV YDULiYHLVHPTXHVWmRVyVmRLQLFLDOL]DGDVFDGDYH]TXHRSURJUDPDpWUDQVIHULGR GRGLVFRSDUDDPHPyULD6HRSURJUDPDIRUH[HFXWDGRDWpXPSRQWRHPTXH HVVDVYDULiYHLVWHQKDPVLGRDOWHUDGDVHHQWmRH[HFXWDGRQRYDPHQWHGRLQtFLR RVYDORUHVGDVYDULiYHLVQmRFRUUHVSRQGHUmRPDLVDRVGDLQLFLDOL]DomR3RULVVR DRHVFUHYHUSURJUDPDVTXHQmRVHMDPDSHQDVH[HPSORVGLGiWLFRVpERDSUiWLFD LQFOXLUQRLQtFLRLQVWUXo}HVSDUDLQLFLDOL]DUWRGDVDVYDULiYHLV
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LOOP: MVI ADD DCR JNZ B,00H B C LOOP
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;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;Soma.asm - soma de numeros em hexadecimal ;Prof. Roberto M. Ziller - 04.01.2000 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ORG 2000H LDA N ; traz para A o valor de N MOV C,A ; guarda este valor em C LXI H,DADOS ; aponta par HL p/ inicio da tabela MVI B,00H ; inicializa soma LOOP: MOV A,M ; le dado apontado por HL ADD B ; soma acumulada em A MOV B,A ; e guardada em B INX H ; par HL aponta para o dado seguinte DCR C ; um a menos para fazer JNZ LOOP ; repete ate que C = 0 LXI H,RESULT ; aponta HL p/ inicio do resultado MOV M,B ; guarda B na memoria JMP $ ; loop infinito, fica parado aqui ORG 2020H RESULT DB 00H,00H N DB 03H DADOS DB 01H,02H,03H,04H,65H,76H,87H,98H,A9H END
1RWHTXHHVWHSURJUDPDDLQGDDSUHVHQWDRVVHJXLQWHVSUREOHPDV VH1 VmRVRPDGRVYDORUHV RUHVXOWDGRHVWiVHQGRFDOFXODGRHPDSHQDVE\WHHILFDLQFRUUHWRVHSDVVDU GH))+ VH DXPHQWDUPRV R WDPDQKR GR SURJUDPD FRUUHPRV R ULVFR GH XVDU RV HQGHUHoRVGHPHPyULDGHVWLQDGRVDRVGDGRV
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0RGLILTXH R SURJUDPD GH PRGR TXH RV GRLV E\WHV SUHYLVWRV SDUD R DUPD]HQDPHQWRGRUHVXOWDGRVHMDPXWLOL]DGRV 'LFDHVWXGHDVLQVWUXo}HV-&H-1&HP>,17(@8WLOL]HXPD GHODV SDUD GHWHUPLQDU VH KRXYH YDL QD VRPD H FDVR WHQKD KDYLGRLQFUHPHQWHXPRXWURUHJLVWUDGRUSUHYLDPHQWHLQLFLDOL]DGR HP ]HUR SDUD DUPD]HQDU D SDUWH PDLV VLJQLILFDWLYD GD VRPD 1R ILQDODUPD]HQHHVWHUHJLVWUDGRUQRHQGHUHoR5(68/7
LOOP: ... MOV ADD MOV JNC ... DCR JNZ LXI MOV INX ... ; Inicializa regs para armazenar a soma A,M B B,A OK ; MOV no afeta os flags ; Se no houve vai 1, est tudo bem ; Instruo a executar se houve vai 1
OK:
C LOOP H,RESULT M,B H ; Aponta para o byte mais significativo ; Armazena o byte mais significativo da ; soma
'LFD QRWH TXH GHSRLV GDV PRGLILFDo}HV R SURJUDPD SRGH WHU DXPHQWDGRGHIRUPDDRFXSDURVHQGHUHoRV+HVHJXLQWHV6H LVVRDFRQWHFHUQmRVHUiPDLVSRVVtYHOJXDUGDURVGDGRVDSDUWLUGR HQGHUHoR + SRLV LVVR GHVWUXLULD R SUySULR SURJUDPD 9RFr SRGH YHULILFDU FRPR DV FRLVDV HVWmR DQDOLVDQGR RV HQGHUHoRV QR DUTXLYR OVW JHUDGR SHOR ; ([SHULPHQWH UHWLUDU D GLUHWLYD 25* + GR SURJUDPD ,VVR IDUi FRP TXH RV GDGRV LQLFLHP LPHGLDWDPHQWHDSyVRFyGLJR1RWHTXHJUDoDVDRXVRGRVODEHOV QmRpSUHFLVRPRGLILFDURSURJUDPDIRQWHHPSRQWRDOJXP
6XEURWLQDVVLPXODGDVHP 520
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;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;Teclado.asm - leitura de numeros do teclado ;Prof. Roberto M. Ziller - 04.01.2000 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; LETECLA EQU 02E7H ; Sinonimos utilizados abaixo MOSTRAD EQU 0363H ; MOSTRAA EQU 036EH ; ORG 2000H LOOP: LXI SP,20C0H CALL LETECLA MOV D,A MVI E,0H PUSH D CALL MOSTRAD POP D CALL LETECLA MOV E,A ADD D PUSH PSW CALL MOSTRAD POP PSW CALL MOSTRAA JMP LOOP END ; Inicializa pilha ; Le primeiro numero
; Apresenta primeiro numero ; Le segundo numero ; Resultado em A ; Apresenta os dois numeros ; Apresenta resultado
6XEURWLQDVVLPXODGDVHP520

([HUFtFLRV
0RGLILTXH R H[HPSOR DFLPD SDUD SHUPLWLU D HQWUDGD GH Q~PHURV KH[DGHFLPDLVGHGRLVGtJLWRV 'LFD HVWXGH D LQVWUXomR 5/& HP >,17(@ 1RWH TXH VH R DFXPXODGRUFRQWLYHUXPGtJLWRHQWUHH)HIRUURWDFLRQDGRFRP 5/&LVWRHTXLYDOHDPXOWLSOLFDURGtJLWRSRU 3RUWDQWR ID]HQGR HVWD RSHUDomR YH]HV R FRQWH~GR GR DFXPXODGRU VHUi PXOWLSOLFDGR SRU (P KH[DGHFLPDO LVWR HTXLYDOH D DFUHVFHQWDUXP]HURDRILQDOGRQ~PHURSRUH[HPSOR+WRUQD VH+,VWRSHUPLWHOHUQ~PHURVGHGRLVGtJLWRV
CALL LETECLA RLC RLC RLC RLC MOV D,A CALL LETECLA ADD D ; L dgito mais significativo
; ; ; ;
Multiplica por 16 e guarda isso em D L dgito menos significativo Nmero de dois dgitos em A
0RGLILTXH R H[HPSOR DFLPD GH PRGR D VH WHU XP VRPDGRU GHFLPDO HYLWDQGR LQFOXVLYH TXH R XVXiULR HQWUH FRP GtJLWRV KH[DGHFLPDLV QQmR GHYHVHUPDLRUGRTXH 'LFD HVWXGH DV LQVWUXo}HV &3, H -3 HP >,17(@ H XWLOL]HDV SDUDHYLWDUDHQWUDGDGHGtJLWRVVXSHULRUHVD
LOOP1: CALL LETECLA CPI 0AH JP LOOP1 ; L dgito mais significativo ; Volta a ler dgito se era > 9
'LFDHVWXGHDLQVWUXomR'$$HP>,17(@(VWDLPSOHPHQWDR DOJRULWPRGHFRUUHomRGDVRPDGHGRLVQ~PHURV%&'1RWHTXH RVQ~PHURVTXHYRFrHVWiDUPD]HQDQGRDJRUDVmRQ~PHURV%&' SRLV RV GtJLWRV $) QXQFD DSDUHFHP 3DUD ID]HU D VRPD GH GRLV Q~PHURV%&'EDVWDSURFHGHUFRPRQRFDVRDQWHULRUHFRUULJLUR UHVXOWDGRFRP'$$
... ... CALL LETECLA ADD E ADD D DAA ; ; ; ; ; ; primeiro nmero (2 dgitos) -> D 1 dgito do 2 nmero, x 16 -> E 2 dgito do 2 nmero em A 2 nmero de dois dgitos em A soma em A, ainda sem correo A contm soma BCD corrigida

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6XEURWLQDVVLPXODGDVHP520

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MOV RAL MOV MOV RAL MOV A,E E,A A,D D,A
'LFD XWLOL]HDLQVWUXomR25$$SDUD]HUDU RFDUU\ IODJ TXDQGR SUHFLVDU

'DWDMXOLDQD
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;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;Juliana.asm - conversor de datas ;Prof. Roberto M. Ziller - 04.01.2000 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; LETECLA EQU 02E7H MOSTRAD EQU 0363H ORG 2000H LXI SP,20C0H LE1: CALL LETECLA ; 1. digito do dia CPI 0AH JP LE1 RLC RLC RLC RLC MOV E,A LE2: CALL LETECLA ; 2. digito do dia CPI 0AH JP LE2 ORA E MOV E,A MVI D,00H ; E contem dia em BCD e D = 0 LE3: CALL LETECLA ; 1. digito do mes CPI 0AH JP LE3 MVI C,00H CPI 00 JZ LE4 MVI C,10D LE4: CALL LETECLA ; 2. digito do mes CPI 0AH JP LE4 ADD C SUI 01H MOV C,A ; C = mes-1 = numero de meses a somar CPI 00H JZ MOSTRA ; se mes = janeiro, esta pronto LXI H,DIAS MOV A,E ; A inicia com o dia... SOMA: ADD M ; ... e recebe os dias de cada mes DAA JNC CONT INR D ; "vai 1" CONT: INX H DCR C JNZ SOMA MOV E,A MOSTRA: CALL MOSTRAD ; resultado no campo de enderecos

DIAS
JMP LE1 ; volta ao passo 1 do enunciado DB 31H,28H,31H,30H,31H,30H DB 31H,31H,30H,31H,30H,31H END
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/LVWDJHPGH+H[&RQYDVP
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;HexConv.asm - conversao de base para numeros hexadecimais ;Recebe do teclado um numero hexadecimal de 4 digitos ;Recebe a base de saida (um numero decimal de 2 digitos) ;A base de saida deve estar entre 2 e 16, inclusive ;Converte o numero para essa base; resultado no display ;Campos de enderecos e dados formam um numero de 6 digitos ;Prof. Roberto M. Ziller - 04.01.2000 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; LETECLA EQU 02E7H MOSTRAD EQU 0363H MOSTRAA EQU 036EH ORG 2000H LXI SP,2100H CALL LENUM16 MOV D,A CALL LENUM16 MOV E,A PUSH D CALL MOSTRAD POP D CALL LENUM10 MOV C,A CALL HEXCONV PUSH PSW CALL MOSTRAD POP PSW CALL MOSTRAA JMP LOOP
LOOP:
; DOIS DIGITOS MAIS SIGNIFICATIVOS ; DOIS DIGITOS MENOS SIGNIFICATIVOS ; APRESENTA NUMERO A SER CONVERTIDO ; BASE DE SAIDA ; CONVERTE. RESULTADO EM D, E e A
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;HEXCONV - converte numero hexa para a base de saida ;Recebe numero no par DE e base de saida em C ;Retorna resultado como numero de 6 digitos em D, E e A ;Utiliza todos os regs ;Chama a sub-rotina DIV HEXCONV: MVI B,00H ; CONTADOR DE DIGITOS DO RESULTADO MORE: CALL DIV ; QUOCIENTE EM DE E RESTO EM L PUSH H ; L CONTEM DIGITO DO RESULTADO INR B ; CONTA DIGITOS MOV A,D CPI 00H ; SE D <> 0, TEM MAIS JNZ MORE MOV A,E CPI 00H ; SE D == 0 MAS E <> 0, TEM MAIS JNZ MORE
&RQYHUVmRGHEDVH
MVI A,00H GETDIG: MVI H,04H ROTATE: ORA A RAL MOV L,A MOV A,E RAL MOV E,A MOV A,D RAL MOV D,A MOV A,L DCR H JNZ ROTATE POP H ORA L DCR B JNZ GETDIG RET ; ; ; ;

TRIPLA DEA CONTEM 0 PARA COMECAR RESGATE DOS DIGITOS DA PILHA ZERA CARRY FLAG BIT MAIS SIGNIFICATIVO DE A EM CY
; ROTACIONA DIGITOS DA TRIPLA DEA ; BIT MAIS SIGNIFICATIVO DE A EM E ; BIT MAIS SIGNIFICATIVO DE E EM D
; L CONTEM DIGITO PARA A TRIPLA DEA ; INTRODUZ DIGITO RESGATADO DA PILHA ; TEM MAIS DIGITOS? ; NUMERO CONVERTIDO EM DEA
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;DIV - sub-rotina para divisao ;Recebe dividendo em DE e divisor em C ;Retorna quociente em DE e resto em L ;Utiliza regs A, C, D, E, H e L DIV: LXI H,0000H MOV A,E TEST1: CMP C JC TEST2 BACK: SUB C INX H JMP TEST1 TEST2: MOV E,A MOV A,D CPI 00H JZ DONE DCR D MOV A,E JMP BACK DONE: XCHG RET

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;LENUM10 - le numero decimal de dois digitos ;Retorna valor hexa do numero lido no acumulador ;Utiliza os regs A, B, H e L ;Chama LETECLA LENUM10: CALL LETECLA RLC MOV B,A RLC RLC ADD B MOV B,A CALL LETECLA ADD B RET ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;LENUM16 - le um numero hexadecimal de dois digitos ;Retorna valor do numero lido no acumulador ;Utiliza os regs A, B, H e L ;Chama LETECLA LENUM16: CALL LETECLA RLC RLC RLC RLC MOV B,A CALL LETECLA ADD B RET END
&RQYHUVmRGHEDVH

/LVWDJHPGH%DVH&RQYDVP
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;BaseConv.asm - programa de conversao de base ;Recebe a base de entrada (numero decimal de 2 digitos) ;Recebe um numero de 4 digitos nessa base, sem verifica-lo ;Recebe a base de saida (um numero decimal de 2 digitos) ;Ambas as bases devem estar entre 2 e 16, inclusive ;Converte o numero da base de entrada para a base de saida ;Apresenta o resultado no display ;Campos de enderecos e dados formam um numero de 6 digitos ;Prof. Roberto m. Ziller - 04.01.2000 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; LETECLA EQU 02E7H MOSTRAD EQU 0363H MOSTRAA EQU 036EH ORG 2000H LXI SP,2100H CALL LENUM10 MOV C,A CALL LENUM PUSH D CALL MOSTRAD POP D CALL LENUM10 MOV C,A CALL HEXCONV PUSH PSW CALL MOSTRAD POP PSW CALL MOSTRAA JMP LOOP
LOOP:
; BASE DE ENTRADA LIDA (DECIMAL) ; LE NUMERO DE 4 DIGS, CONVERTE P/ HEXA ; APRESENTA NUMERO A CONVERTER EM HEXA ; BASE DE SAIDA ; CONVERTE. RESULTADO EM D, E e A
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;HEXCONV - converte numero hexa para a base de saida ;Recebe numero no par DE e base de saida em C ;Retorna resultado como numero de 6 digitos em D, E e A ;Utiliza todos os regs ;Chama a sub-rotina DIV HEXCONV: MVI B,00H ; CONTADOR DE DIGITOS DO RESULTADO MORE: CALL DIV ; QUOCIENTE EM DE E RESTO EM L PUSH H ; L CONTEM DIGITO DO RESULTADO INR B ; CONTA DIGITOS MOV A,D CPI 00H ; SE D <> 0, TEM MAIS JNZ MORE MOV A,E CPI 00H ; SE D == 0 MAS E <> 0, TEM MAIS JNZ MORE

; ; ; ; TRIPLA DEA CONTEM 0 PARA COMECAR RESGATE DOS DIGITOS DA PILHA ZERA CARRY FLAG BIT MAIS SIGNIFICATIVO DE A EM CY
MVI A,00H GETDIG: MVI H,04H ROTATE: ORA A RAL MOV L,A MOV A,E RAL MOV E,A MOV A,D RAL MOV D,A MOV A,L DCR H JNZ ROTATE POP H ORA L DCR B JNZ GETDIG RET
; ROTACIONA DIGITOS DA TRIPLA DEA ; BIT MAIS SIGNIFICATIVO DE A EM E ; BIT MAIS SIGNIFICATIVO DE E EM D
; L CONTEM DIGITO PARA A TRIPLA DEA ; INTRODUZ DIGITO RESGATADO DA PILHA ; TEM MAIS DIGITOS? ; NUMERO CONVERTIDO EM DEA
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;DIV - sub-rotina para divisao ;Recebe dividendo em DE e divisor em C ;Retorna quociente em DE e resto em L ;Utiliza regs A, C, D, E, H e L DIV: LXI H,0000H MOV A,E TEST1: CMP C JC TEST2 BACK: SUB C INX H JMP TEST1 TEST2: MOV E,A MOV A,D CPI 00H JZ DONE DCR D MOV A,E JMP BACK DONE: XCHG RET
&RQYHUVmRGHEDVH

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;MULT - sub-rotina para multiplicacao ;Recebe multiplicando em DE e multiplicador em C ;Retorna resultado em DE, preservando o multiplicador em C ;Utiliza regs A, C, D, E, H e L MULT: XCHG LXI D,0000H MOV A,C CPI 00H RZ PUSH B MUL: MOV A,E ADD L MOV E,A MOV A,D ADC H MOV D,A DCR C JNZ MUL POP B RET ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;LENUM ;Le numero de 4 digitos na base contida em C ;Converte p/ hexa e retorna esse valor no par DE ;Utiliza todos os regs ;Chama MULT LENUM: LXI D,0000H MVI B,04H MULBAS: CALL MULT ; MULTIPLICA PAR DE PELA BASE EM C CALL LETECLA ADD E MOV E,A JNC CONT INR D CONT: DCR B JNZ MULBAS RET

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;LENUM10 - le um numero decimal de dois digitos ;Retorna valor hexa do numero lido no acumulador ;Utiliza os regs A, B, H e L ;Chama LETECLA LENUM10: CALL LETECLA RLC MOV B,A RLC RLC ADD B MOV B,A CALL LETECLA ADD B RET END
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;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;Ints85a.asm - Interrupcoes do 8085 ;Prof. Roberto M. Ziller - 04.01.2000 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; MOSTRAA EQU 036EH DELAY EQU 05F1H RST7.5 EQU 20CEH ORG 2000H LXI SP,20C0H ; Inicializa pilha MVI A,18H ; Habilita 5.5, 6.5 e 7.5 SIM MVI A,00H EI LOOP: ADI 01H ; INR A nao serve, nao atualiza CY DAA ; utiliza CY flag na correcao PUSH PSW ; Salva contagem CALL MOSTRAA MVI D,05H ; Atraso de 500ms CALL DELAY POP PSW ; Recupera contagem JMP LOOP ORG RST7.5 ; Desvio da RST 7.5 HLT RET END

&RPRQmRID]HU
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(P JHUDO D SULPHLUD UHDomR SDUD HVFUHYHU R WUDWDGRU p VLPSOHVPHQWH ]HUDU R DFXPXODGRU$OLVWDJHPILFDULDDVVLP
ORG RST7.5 MVI A,01H RET ; Desvio da RST 7.5
(VWD DERUGDJHP SRUpP FRQWUDULD YiULDV GDV UHJUDV EiVLFDV SDUD HVFUHYHU WUDWDGRUHVGHLQWHUUXSomRDSUHVHQWDGDVQDVHomR 2WUDWDGRUQmRSUHVHUYDR YDORU GR UHJLVWUDGRU $ TXH HVWi VHQGR XWLOL]DGR SDUD WHQWDU HVWDEHOHFHU XPD FRPXQLFDomR FRP R SURJUDPD SULQFLSDO 1R SUHVHQWH FDVR R WUDWDGRU IXQFLRQDULDVHDLQWHUUXSomRDFRQWHFHVVHSRUH[HPSORGXUDQWHDH[HFXomRGD LQVWUXomR'$$(VWDVHULDFRQFOXtGDHPVHJXLGDRDFXPXODGRUVHULDDOWHUDGRH DFRQWDJHPUHFRPHoDULDGH6XSRQKDSRUpPTXHDLQWHUUXSomRDFRQWHFHVVH GXUDQWHDH[HFXomRGDLQVWUXomR386+36:1HVWHFDVRR386+VHULDIHLWR RDFXPXODGRUVHULDDOWHUDGRHDFRQWDJHP+GHIDWRFKHJDULDDDSDUHFHUQR GLVSOD\0DVORJRHPVHJXLGD323 36: UHVWDXUDULD R YDORU TXH $ FRQWLQKD DQWHVGDLQWHUUXSomRHDFRQWDJHPVDOWDULDGHYROWDSDUDRYDORUDQWLJR 6HRSURJUDPDIRUH[HFXWDGRQXPKDUGZDUHUHDODLQWHUUXSomRSRGHDFRQWHFHU GXUDQWHDH[HFXomRGDVXEURWLQD02675$$6HDLQWHUUXSomRDFRQWHFHUQXP SRQWRHPTXHHVWDVXEURWLQDDFDEDGHSUHSDUDUSRUH[HPSORXPYDORUHP$ SDUDLQLFLDOL]DURKDUGZDUHGRGLVSOD\HHVWHIRUDOWHUDGRSHODLQWHUUXSomRHQWmR RGLVSOD\QmRIXQFLRQDUiFRPRHVSHUDGR (PJHUDODDOWHUDomRGHTXDOTXHUUHJLVWUDGRU SRU XP WUDWDGRU GH LQWHUUXSomR SRGHWHUFRQVHTrQFLDVFDWDVWUyILFDV $OpPGLVVRRWUDWDGRUDSUHVHQWDGRWHPXPRXWURSUREOHPDTXHDFRQWHFHFRP IUHTrQFLDTXDQGRVHHVWiDSUHQGHQGRDHVFUHYHUWUDWDGRUHVGHLQWHUUXSomRGH DFRUGRFRPDVUHJUDVGDVHomR p SUHFLVR FXLGDU SDUD TXH DV LQWHUUXSo}HV HVWHMDP KDELOLWDGDV TXDQGR IRUHP QHFHVViULDV 2 GHVDELOLWD DXWRPDWLFDPHQWH DV LQWHUUXSo}HV DVVLP TXH HQWUD QR WUDWDGRU H SRU LVVR R SURJUDPDDFLPDVyDFHLWDULDDSULPHLUDLQWHUUXSomRXPDYH]TXHQmRKiFyGLJR TXHYROWHDKDELOLWiODV2ILQDOGHXPWUDWDGRUpSRULVVRWLSLFDPHQWH

EI RET
(VWDILQDOL]DomRVHUiDGRWDGDGHVWHSRQWRHPGLDQWH
+DELOLWDQGRHGHVDELOLWDQGR
8PDVXJHVWmRTXHWDPEpPDSDUHFHFRPFHUWDIUHTrQFLDpDGHGHVDELOLWDUDV LQWHUUXSo}HVHPSRQWRVFUtWLFRVPHGLDQWHDLQVHUomRGHLQVWUXo}HV',GLVDEOH LQWHUUXSWVH(,HQDEOHLQWHUUXSWVQRFRUSRGRSURJUDPDSULQFLSDOGHPRGR TXH HVWH Vy SRVVD VHU LQWHUURPSLGR TXDQGR IRU FRQYHQLHQWH (VWD VROXomR p XWLOL]DGDHPDOJXQVFDVRVPXLWRHVSHFLDLVPDVHPJHUDOpGHVDFRQVHOKDGDSRLV VRIUHGHVpULDVGHVYDQWDJHQV pGLItFLOSUHYHUWRGDVDVVLWXDo}HVHPTXHDVLQWHUUXSo}HVGHYHPVHULQLELGDV PHVPR HP SURJUDPDV SHTXHQRV SRGH KDYHU YiULRV SRQWRV RQGH LVVR p QHFHVViULR R SURJUDPD SDVVD D VHU LQFDSD] GH UHDJLU jV LQWHUUXSo}HV GXUDQWH YiULRV LQWHUYDORVTXDQGRpMXVWDPHQWHRFRQWUiULRTXHVHGHVHMD D PDQXWHQomR GR SURJUDPD ILFD H[WUHPDPHQWH GLItFLO SRLV FDGD DOWHUDomR H[LJHXPDQRYDDQiOLVHGRVSRQWRVGHLQLELomRGDVLQWHUUXSo}HVHpSRUWDQWR IRQWHGHSHULJRVRVHUURV
6XEVWLWXLQGRRUHJLVWUDGRUSRUXPDYDULiYHOJOREDO
2XWUDWHQWDWLYDpVXEVWLWXLURDFXPXODGRUSRUXPDYDULiYHOJOREDOSDUDID]HUD FRQWDJHPFRPRQDOLVWDJHPDVHJXLU1RWHTXHDJRUDRWUDWDGRUIRLPXGDGRGH OXJDUGHDFRUGRFRPRH[SRVWRQDVHomR
ORG 2000H LXI SP,20C0H MVI A,18H SIM MVI A,00H STA COUNT EI LDA COUNT ADI 01H DAA STA COUNT CALL MOSTRAA MVI D,05H CALL DELAY JMP LOOP PUSH PSW MVI A,01H STA COUNT ; Inicializa pilha ; Habilita 5.5, 6.5 e 7.5
LOOP:
; INR A no serve, no atualiza CY ; Utiliza CY flag na correo ; Atraso de 500ms
HNDLR:
POP PSW EI RET ORG RST7.5 JMP HNDLR DB 00H END

; Volta a habilitar as interrupes ; Desvio da RST 7.5 ; Varivel global, armazena contagem
COUNT
$TXL QmR H[LVWH PDLV D FRPXQLFDomR YLD UHJLVWUDGRU HQWUH R WUDWDGRU GH LQWHUUXSomRHRSURJUDPDSULQFLSDO $JRUDVHD LQWHUUXSomRDFRQWHFHUGHQWUR GD VXEURWLQD 02675$$ WXGR IXQFLRQD EHP R YDORU GR DFXPXODGRU p JXDUGDGRQDSLOKDQRLQtFLRGRWUDWDGRUHUHVWDXUDGRQRILQDOGHPRGRTXHD VXEURWLQD LQWHUURPSLGD QmR SHUFHEH TXDOTXHU DOWHUDomR QHVVH UHJLVWUDGRU TXDQGR R VHX SURFHVVDPHQWR p UHWRPDGR 0DV XPD DQiOLVH PDLV FXLGDGRVD PRVWUDTXHVXUJHXPSUREOHPDVHDLQWHUUXSomRDFRQWHFHUGXUDQWHDH[HFXomR GDV LQVWUXo}HV /'$ &2817 $', + RX '$$ LQLFLDOPHQWH R WUDWDGRU JXDUGDRFRQWH~GRGH$QDSLOKDID]FRPTXHRYDORUGDFRQWDJHPYROWHDH UHVWDXUD R YDORU GH $ /RJR HP VHJXLGD SRUpP R SURJUDPD SULQFLSDO p UHWRPDGRFRPRYDORUGH $SUHVHUYDGRHD LQVWUXomR67$&2817 ID]FRP TXHDFRQWDJHPDVVXPDRYDORUTXHWHULDVHDLQWHUUXSomRQmRWLYHVVHRFRUULGR 2UHVXOWDGRpXPSURJUDPDGHFRPSRUWDPHQWRHUUiWLFRTXHIXQFLRQDTXDQGR R XVXiULR SUHVVLRQD R ERWmR TXH DFLRQD D LQWHUUXSomR HQTXDQWR R SURJUDPD HVWiIRUDGHVVHWUHFKRPDVTXHGHYH]HPTXDQGRSDUHFHQmRIXQFLRQDU1R FDVR GH H[HFXomR HP XP VLVWHPD UHDO R PDX IXQFLRQDPHQWR SRGH VHU DWULEXtGRHUURQHDPHQWHDXPPDXFRQWDWRGRERWmR(VWHWLSRGHHUURSRGH SDVVDUGHVSHUFHELGRQRVWHVWHVHWHUFRQVHTrQFLDVJUDYHV
6XMDQGRDSLOKD
7DPEpP SRGHDSDUHFHUDLGpLDGHID]HURSURJUDPDVDOWDUGRWUDWDGRUGHYROWD SDUDRLQtFLR
LXI SP,20C0H MVI A,18H SIM MVI A,00H STA COUNT EI LDA COUNT ADI 01H DAA STA COUNT CALL MOSTRAA MVI D,05H CALL DELAY JMP LOOP ; Inicializa pilha ; Habilita 5.5, 6.5 e 7.5
START: LOOP:
; INR A no serve, no atualiza CY ; utiliza CY flag na correo ; Atraso de 500ms

HNDLR:
EI JMP START ORG RST7.5 JMP HNDLR DB 00H END ; Volta a habilitar as interrupes ; Desvio da RST 7.5 ; Varivel global, armazena contagem
COUNT
(VWD DERUGDJHP p GDV SLRUHV SRLV YLROD GLUHWDPHQWH D UHJUD TXH GL] TXH R WUDWDGRU QmR GHYH VXMDU D SLOKD 2 TXH DFRQWHFH DTXL p TXH R HQGHUHoR GH UHWRUQR GD LQWHUUXSomR ILFD DUPD]HQDGR QD SLOKD SRLV QmR VH H[HFXWD D LQVWUXomR5(7$FDGDLQWHUUXSomRDSLOKDUHFHEHPDLVXPZRUGTXHQXQFDp UHWLUDGR3DUDFRQWRUQDUHVWHSUREOHPDKiTXHPVXJLUDUHWLUDU R HQGHUHoR GH UHWRUQRFRPXPDLQVWUXomR323FRPRVHJXH
HNDLR: POP B EI JMP START ORG RST7.5 JMP HNDLR DB 00H END ; Par BC recebe endereo de retorno ; Volta a habilitar as interrupes ; Desvio da RST 7.5 ; Varivel global, armazena contagem
COUNT
0DVHVWDVROXomRUHWLUDDSHQDVRHQGHUHoRGHUHWRUQRGDSLOKDHGHSHQGHQGR GRSRQWRHPTXHDLQWHUUXSomRRFRUUHXDSLOKDSRGHFRQWHUPDLVZRUGV3RU H[HPSORVHDLQWHUUXSomRDFRQWHFHGHQWURGDVXEURWLQD02675$$HQWmRD SLOKDFRQWpPRHQGHUHoRGHUHWRUQRSDUDHVWDVXEURWLQDPDLVDVSDODYUDVTXH HODSRVVDWHUFRORFDGRQDSLOKDHVyGHSRLVGLVVRYHPRHQGHUHoRGHUHWRUQR GD LQWHUUXSomR 3RU LVVR HP JHUDO R Q~PHUR GH ZRUGV TXH GHYHULDP VHU UHWLUDGRV GD SLOKD GHSHQGH GR LQVWDQWH HP TXH RFRUUH D LQWHUUXSomR R TXH LQYLDELOL]DDVROXomRSURSRVWD$OpPGLVVRHVWDDERUGDJHPUHFDLQRSULPHLUR HUURSRLVRSDU%& HVWi VHQGR DOWHUDGR SHOR WUDWDGRU H KDYHUi SUREOHPDV VH HVVHVUHJLVWUDGRUHVIRUHPQHFHVViULRVHPDOJXPSRQWRGRSURJUDPDLQFOXLQGR DVVXEURWLQDVFKDPDGDV )LQDOPHQWH Ki TXHP VXJLUD VLPSOHVPHQWH IRUoDU D SLOKD D YROWDU DR HVWDGR LQLFLDOGHPRGRTXHQmRSRVVDILFDUVXMD
HNDLR: LXI SP,20C0H EI JMP START ; Limpa a pilha completamente ; Volta a habilitar as interrupes
(VWD DERUGDJHP SRGH VHU DSOLFiYHO HP DOJXQV FDVRV PDV DLQGD DVVLP p H[WUHPDPHQWHGHVDFRQVHOKiYHOSRUTXH HVWH PpWRGR DERUWD TXDOTXHU VXEURWLQD TXH HVWHMD HP H[HFXomR H HP SURJUDPDV PDLV FRPSOH[RV LVVR SRGH VHU FDWDVWUyILFR 6XSRQKD SRU H[HPSOR XPD VXEURWLQD TXH OLJD XP FHUWR HTXLSDPHQWR HQYLD DOJXQV FRPDQGRVDHOHHSUHFLVDGHVOLJiORFRUUHWDPHQWHGHSRLVGLVVRVRESHQDGH

GDQLILFiOR 6H HVWD VXEURWLQD IRU DERUWDGD SHOD LQWHUUXSomR R SURFHGLPHQWRFRUUHWRQmRVHUiUHDOL]DGR R SURJUDPD QmR XWLOL]D TXDOTXHU ILORVRILD GH RUJDQL]DomR GH WUDWDGRUHV GH LQWHUUXSomRFRPRDDSUHVHQWDGDDVHJXLU
&RPRID]HU
$ OLVWDJHP D VHJXLU DSUHVHQWD XPD VROXomR HOHJDQWH SDUD R SUREOHPD TXH REHGHFHDWRGDVDVUHJUDVSDUDHVFUHYHUWUDWDGRUHVGHLQWHUUXSomR
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;Ints85b.asm - Interrupcoes do 8085 ;Prof. Roberto M. Ziller - 04.01.2000 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; MOSTRAA EQU 036EH DELAY EQU 05F1H RST7.5 EQU 20CEH ORG 2000H LXI SP,20C0H ; Inicializa pilha MVI A,18H SIM ; Habilita 5.5, 6.5 e 7.5 MVI A,00H STA STATE ; Flag de reset da contagem STA COUNT ; Inicializa contagem EI LOOP: LDA COUNT ADI 01H ; INR A no serve, no atualiza CY DAA ; Utiliza CY na correo STA COUNT CALL MOSTRAA MVI D,05H ; Atraso de 500ms CALL DELAY LDA STATE CPI 00H ; Testa critrio de reinicializao JZ LOOP ; Continua contando se STATE = 0 MVI A,00H STA COUNT ; Caso contrrio, zera a contagem STA STATE ; Reinicializa flag JMP LOOP HNDLR: PUSH PSW MVI A,01H STA STATE EI POP PSW RET STATE DB 00H ; Flag global alterado pelo tratador COUNT DB 00H ; Contagem

ORG RST7.5 JMP HNDLR END ; Desvio da RST 7.5
$ HOHJkQFLD GHVWD VROXomR YHP GD VHSDUDomR FODUD GDV WDUHIDV GR SURJUDPD SULQFLSDO H GR WUDWDGRU GH LQWHUUXSomR )RL GHILQLGD XPD YDULiYHO JOREDO 67$7( TXH IXQFLRQD FRPR PHFDQLVPR GH FRPXQLFDomR HQWUH DPERV 2 WUDWDGRUVHOLPLWDDID]HU67$7( HRSURJUDPDSULQFLSDOWHVWDHVVDYDULiYHO TXDQGROKHIRUFRQYHQLHQWH ,03257$17(RWUDWDGRUQmRWHQWDPRGLILFDURYDORUGDFRQWDJHP &DGDYH]TXHFKHJDDRILQDOGRORRSRSURJUDPDSULQFLSDOFRQVXOWDRYDORUGD YDULiYHO 67$7( H GHFLGH VH GHYH YROWDU GLUHWDPHQWH DR LQtFLR H PRVWUDU R SUy[LPRYDORUGDFRQWDJHP67$7( RXUHLQLFLDOL]DUDFRQWDJHPDQWHVGH YROWDU67$7( 1HVWHFDVR ]HUDWDPEpPDYDULiYHO67$7(SDUDTXHR SHGLGRGHUHLQLFLDOL]DomRQmRILTXHSHQGHQWH &RPLVVRDFRQWDJHPQmRSRGHVHUPRGLILFDGDGHIRUPDLQHVSHUDGDSRLVpR SUySULR SURJUDPD SULQFLSDO TXH ID] D PRGLILFDomR $ WDUHID GR WUDWDGRU p VLPSOHVPHQWH D GH VLQDOL]DU DR SURJUDPD SULQFLSDO TXH R XVXiULR DFLRQRX D LQWHUUXSomR2SURJUDPDSULQFLSDOpTXHGHFLGHTXDQGRHRQGHGHYHSURFHVVDU HVWD LQIRUPDomR 2 SULQFtSLR DSOLFDGR DTXL GHYH VHU XWLOL]DGR VHPSUH TXH SRVVtYHO SDUD HVFUHYHU WUDWDGRUHV GH LQWHUUXSomR SRLV R LVRODPHQWR HQWUH WUDWDGRU H SURJUDPD SULQFLSDO OHYD QDWXUDOPHQWH D XP SURJUDPD GH ERD TXDOLGDGH
([HUFtFLRV
0RGLILTXH R SURJUDPD GD VHomR GH PRGR TXH DOWHUQDGDPHQWH H D FDGDWRTXHGRERWmR567DFRQWDJHPSDUHHFRQWLQXHGHRQGHSDURX 'LFDPRGLILTXHRWUDWDGRUGHLQWHUUXSomRGHPRGRTXHHVWHIDoD GH 67$7( XP FRQWDGRU PyGXOR TXH DYDQoD D FDGD WRTXH GR ERWmR5672SURJUDPDSULQFLSDOVySUHFLVDWHVWDURYDORUGH 67$7(TXHVHUiDOWHUQDGDPHQWHRX HGHFLGLUVHILFDSUHVR HPXPORRS GH HVSHUD 67$7( RX VH FRQWLQXD D FRQWDJHP QRUPDOPHQWH67$7( ,PSOHPHQWHXP FRQWDGRU GH GXDV YHORFLGDGHV TXH DOWHUQH HQWUH DPEDV DR WRTXHGRERWmR567 'LFD XWLOL]H R WUDWDGRU GH LQWHUUXSomR GR H[HUFtFLR DFLPD VHP PRGLILFDo}HV 2 SURJUDPD SULQFLSDO GHYH GHFLGLU FRP EDVH QR YDORUGH67$7(VHRYDORUFDUUHJDGRQRSDU'(SDUDRDWUDVRQD

FRQWDJHP GHYH VHU JUDQGH 67$7( YHORFLGDGH EDL[D RX SHTXHQR67$7( YHORFLGDGHDOWD ([LVWHXPDJHQHUDOL]DomRVLPSOHVGRWUDWDGRUGHILQLGRQR H[HUFtFLR TXH FRQVLVWHHPWUDQVIRUPDUDYDULiYHO67$7(QXPFRQWDGRUPyGXOR Q&RP LVVR p SRVVtYHO LPSOHPHQWDU SURJUDPDV TXH DOWHUQHP FLFOLFDPHQWH HQWUH Q FRPSRUWDPHQWRVGLIHUHQWHV (VFUHYD XP SURJUDPD TXH LPSOHPHQWH XP FRQWDGRU TXH DOWHUQH FLFOLFDPHQWHHQWUHRVVHJXLQWHVPRGRVGHFRQWDJHPGHFLPDOWRGDVPyGXOR DVFHQGHQWHPRVWUDGDQRFDPSRGHGDGRV GHVFHQGHQWHPRVWUDGDQRFDPSRGHGDGRV DVFHQGHQWHPRVWUDGDQRFDPSRGHHQGHUHoRV GHVFHQGHQWHPRVWUDGDQRFDPSRGHHQGHUHoRV ,PSOHPHQWH XP SURJUDPD FRP GRLV FRQWDGRUHV KH[DGHFLPDLV GH GRLV GtJLWRV TXH HYROXHP MXQWRV 2 SULPHLUR GHYH DSDUHFHU QR FDPSR GH HQGHUHoRV H LQLFLDU D FRQWDJHP QR VHQWLGR DVFHQGHQWH R VHJXQGR GHYH DSDUHFHUQRFDPSRGHGDGRVHFRQWDUQRVHQWLGRGHVFHQGHQWH$WRTXHGR ERWmR 567 RV VHQWLGRV GH FRQWDJHP GRV GRLV FRQWDGRUHV GHYHUmR VH LQYHUWHU

3RUWDVGHHQWUDGDHVDtGD
$VSRUWDVGH(6GR$EDFXV
2pXPGLVSRVLWLYRSHULIpULFRSURMHWDGRSDUDRSHUDUHPFRQMXQWRFRPR 2IHUHFHWUrVSRUWDVSDUDOHODVGHHQWUDGDHVDtGDGHQRPLQDGDV$%H& GRLVWHPSRUL]DGRUHVHE\WHVGHPHPyULD5$0FRQIRUPHDILJXUD
PORTA A
IO/M AD 0-7 CE ALE RD WR

256 x 8 RAM ESTTICA
PA0-7
BARRAMENTO DE DADOS INTERNO - 8 bits
PORTA B
PB0-7
controle estado
PA
PB
PC
timer timer MSB LSB Modo Timer
PORTA C TIMER
8 PC0-5
TIMER CLK TIMER OUT
Vcc (+5 v) Vss (0 v)
)LJ5HSUHVHQWDomRGRFRPSRQHQWH 2$EDFXVVLPXODDH[LVWrQFLDGDVSRUWDV$H%FDGDXPDGHELWVDVVLPFRPR GRUHJLVWUDGRUGHFRPDQGR TXH SHUPLWH FRQILJXUDU HVVDV SRUWDV FRPR VHQGR GHHQWUDGDRXGHVDtGDSRUWD$HVWiOLJDGRRFRQMXQWRGHFKDYHVGHVFULWRQD VHomR H j SRUWD % R FRQMXQWR GH OHGV GHVFULWR QD VHomR $V OLJDo}HVVmRPRVWUDGDVQDILJXUD
%LW 9 %LW
3RUWD$
%LW
3RUWD%
%LW
)LJ/LJDomRGDVFKDYHVHGRVOHGVDR

$VSRUWDVHRUHJLVWUDGRUGHFRPDQGRWrPHQGHUHoRVIL[RVGDGRVSHODWDEHOD 5HJLVWUDGRU COMMAND PORT A PORT B (QG + +&+$9(6 +/('6
7DE(QGHUHoRVGDVSRUWDVQR$EDFXV 2 REMHWLYR GR SUHVHQWH FDStWXOR p GHPRQVWUDU D XWLOL]DomR GDV SRUWDV $ H % SDUDID]HUDOHLWXUDGDVFKDYHVHRDFHQGHURVOHGV
$OLJDomRGRDR
eEDVWDQWHLQVWUXWLYRH[DPLQDUDOLJDomRGRDRPLFURSURFHVVDGRU&RPR PRVWUD D ILJXUD DOJXQV SLQRV GR WrP QRPHV TXH WDPEpP VmR HQFRQWUDGRV QR $/( 5' :5 $'$' H ,20 $OpP GHVWHV VmR LPSRUWDQWHV&(FKLSHQDEOHHDVSRUWDVGH(63$3%H3& $FRLQFLGrQFLDGHQRPHVGHSLQRVHQWUHRVGRLVFKLSVpSURSRVLWDOHDOLJDomR HQWUHHOHVGHIDWRVHID]SHODLQWHUFRQH[mRGRVSLQRVGHPHVPRQRPH'HVWD IRUPD R EDUUDPHQWR TXH PXOWLSOH[D GDGRV H GH HQGHUHoRV GR p OLJDGR GLUHWDPHQWH DR DWUDYpV GDV OLQKDV $' 2 p FDSD] GH ID]HU D VHSDUDomRHQWUHGDGRVHHQGHUHoRVSRLVUHFHEHWDPEpPRVLQDO$/( $OpPGRVGDGRVHHQGHUHoRVRUHFHEHRVVLQDLV5':5H,20 TXH SHUPLWHP LGHQWLILFDU RSHUDo}HV GH OHLWXUD H HVFULWD HP PHPyULD QR FDVR RV E\WHV GH 5$0 RX QRV SHULIpULFRV DV SRUWDV H R WHPSRUL]DGRU 2 VLQDO &( ILQDOPHQWH p DWLYDGR SHOD VDtGD GH XP GHFRGLILFDGRU GH HQGHUHoRV GH PRGRTXHRUHVSRQGHVRPHQWHHPXPDGHWHUPLQDGDIDL[DGHHQGHUHoRV SDUDHYLWDUFRQIOLWRVFRPRXWURVSHULIpULFRV 1RWHDLQGDTXHRVHQGHUHoRVGDWDEHODQmRVmRGHWHUPLQDGRVSHOR PDVVLPSHORSURMHWLVWDGRKDUGZDUHRQGHRFRPSRQHQWHpXWLOL]DGR
&RQILJXUDomRGR
8PD YH] TXH R SRGH VHU RSHUDGR GH GLYHUVDV IRUPDV p QHFHVViULR FRQILJXUiORGHDFRUGRFRPRVREMHWLYRVTXHVHWHPHPPHQWH3DUDWDQWRp QHFHVViULR HVFUHYHU XPD SDODYUD GH FRQILJXUDomR QXP UHJLVWUDGRU GHVWH
3RUWDVGHHQWUDGDHVDtGD

FRPSRQHQWH FKDPDGR UHJLVWUDGRU GH FRPDQGR FRPPDQG UHJLVWHU (VWH UHJLVWUDGRU WHPRLWRELWVDIXQomRGHFDGDELWHVWiGHVFULWDQDILJXUD
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 TM2 TM1 IEB IEA PC2 PC1 PB PA PA PB PC controle do timer Interrupo PA Interrupo PB
0 - entrada 1 - sada 00 11 01 10 - ALT1 - ALT2 - ALT3 - ALT4
0 - desabilita 1 - habilita
)LJ2UHJLVWUDGRUGHFRPDQGRGR 2VELWVHFRQILJXUDPDVSRUWDV$H%FRPRVHQGRGHHQWUDGDRXGHVDtGDH QRFDVRGR$EDFXVpLQWHUHVVDQWHFRQILJXUDUDSRUWD$FRPRHQWUDGDHDSRUWD %FRPRVDtGDSRUFDXVDGDVFKDYHVHGRVOHGV $ SRUWD&QmRpVLPXODGDQR $EDFXVHSRULVVRVHXIXQFLRQDPHQWRQmRVHUiGHWDOKDGRDTXL
([HPSORHH[HUFtFLRV
2 SURJUDPD DEDL[R DFHQGH VHTHQFLDOPHQWH RV OHGV FRQHFWDGRV j SRUWD % GR 1RWH R XVR GD VXEURWLQD '(/$< TXH ID] FRP TXH FDGD OHG SHUPDQHoDDFHVRGXUDQWHDOJXQVLQVWDQWHVSDUDTXHVHWHQKDRHIHLWRYLVXDO GHVHMDGR
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;Leds.asm - Utilizacao de perifericos ;Prof. Roberto M. Ziller - 04.01.2000 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; COMMAND EQU 20H LEDS EQU 22H DELAY EQU 05F1H ORG 2000H LXI SP,20C0H ; Inicializa pilha MVI A,02H ; Porta B como saida OUT COMMAND MVI A,01H LOOP: OUT LEDS ; Acende o LED correspondente a A RLC ; Rotaciona LED a acender PUSH PSW MVI D,02H ; Atraso de 200ms CALL DELAY ; Espera para ver LED aceso POP PSW JMP LOOP RET END

&RPSOHWHRSURJUDPDGRLWHPGHIRUPDTXHRYDORUFRORFDGRQDSRUWDGH VDtGDDSDUHoDWDPEpPQRFDPSRGHGDGRVGRPRVWUDGRU (VFUHYDXPSURJUDPDVHPHOKDQWHPDVTXHIDoDURWDFLRQDUXPOHGDSDJDGR ,QYHUWDRVHQWLGRGHURWDomRGRVOHGV ,PSOHPHQWHXPFRQWDGRUFXMRYDORUDSDUHoDHPIRUPDELQiULDQRVOHGV (VFUHYDXPSURJUDPDTXHOHLDXPQ~PHUR QGRWHFODGR Q HTXH DFHQGDHQWmRRVQOHGVPHQRVVLJQLILFDWLYRVSRUH[HPSORVHQ GHYHP DFHQGHURVOHGVFRUUHVSRQGHQWHVDRVELWV H 2SURJUDPDGHYH HQWmRYROWDUDRLQtFLRDFHLWDQGRQRYRYDORUSDUDQ 'LFDQRWHTXHRQ~PHURTXHGHYHVHUFRORFDGRQDSRUWDGHVDtGD SDUD DFHQGHU RV OHGV FRUUHVSRQGH D 3 (VWH YDORU SRGH VHU FDOFXODGRHPXP ORRS XWLOL]DQGR DV LQVWUXo}HV 5/& H 25,+ 8PDRXWUDVROXomRSRVVtYHOpXWLOL]DU67&H5$/ 2 SURJUDPD DEDL[R FRQWUROD RV OHGV GH DFRUGR FRP DV FKDYHV OLJDGDV j SRUWD$GR$
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;Chaves.asm - Utilizacao de perifericos ;Prof. Roberto M. Ziller - 04.01.2000 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; COMMAND EQU 20H CHAVES EQU 21H LEDS EQU 22H ORG 2000H MVI A,02H ; Porta A como entrada, B como saida OUT COMMAND LOOP: IN CHAVES ; Le chaves para o acumulador OUT LEDS ; Acende os LEDs correspondentes JMP LOOP RET END
(VFUHYDXPSURJUDPDTXHFRQWUROHRVOHGVGH DDSDUWLUGDVFKDYHVGH PHVPRQ~PHUR$FKDYHGHYHVHUXPDFKDYHGHFRQWUROHTXHGHWHUPLQD FRPRRVGHPDLVOHGVGHYHPUHDJLUjVFKDYHVFRPDFKDYHDEHUWDRVOHGV HDVFKDYHVGHDGHYHPVHFRPSRUWDUGHIRUPDTXHDXPDFKDYHIHFKDGD FRUUHVSRQGD XP OHG DFHVR H D XPD FKDYH DEHUWD XP OHG DSDJDGR FRP D FKDYHIHFKDGDHVWDUHODomRGHYHVHLQYHUWHU2OHGGHYHILFDUDSDJDGR TXDQGRDFKDYHHVWLYHUDEHUWDHDFHQGHUTXDQGRHVWDIRUIHFKDGD (VFUHYDXPSURJUDPDTXHOHLDDVWUrVFKDYHVPHQRVVLJQLILFDWLYDVDWUDYpVGD SRUWD$HDVVRFLHDFDGDFRPELQDomRGDVFKDYHVXPQ~PHURELQiULR QGH FKDYHV DEHUWDV D FKDYHV IHFKDGDV $ TXDOTXHU LQVWDQWH GHYHP ILFDUDFHVRVVHPSUHRVQOHGVPHQRVVLJQLILFDWLYRV
$VVHPEO\SDUDR3&
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2DVVHPEOHU
2 DVVHPEOHU XWLOL]DGR SDUD RV H[HPSORV p R 0$60 $ SDUWLU GR SURJUDPDIRQWH TXH GHYH HVWDU HP XP DUTXLYRWH[WR GH H[WHQVmR DVP VmR JHUDGRVRDUTXLYRFRPRVFyGLJRVREMHDOLVWDJHPOVW $V SULQFLSDLV GLUHWLYDV XWLOL]DGDV SDUD HVFUHYHU SURJUDPDV HP $60 VmR DSUHVHQWDGDVQDWDEHOD 120( $6680( (1' (48 25* 6(*0(17 (1'6 '% ': 352& (1'3 38%/,& (;751 )81d2 $VVRFLDUHJLVWUDGRUGHVHJPHQWRDXPQRPHGHVHJPHQWR ,QGLFDILQDOGDOLVWDJHPHSRQWRGHHQWUDGD 'HILQHXPVLQ{QLPR (VWDEHOHFHRHQGHUHoRGDSUy[LPDLQVWUXomRRXYDUJOREDO ,QGLFDLQtFLRGHVHJPHQWR ,QGLFDILQDOGHVHJPHQWR 5HVHUYDHLQLFLDOL]DiUHDGHXPRXPDLVE\WHV ,GHPXPRXPDLVZRUGV ,QGLFDLQtFLRGHVXEURWLQD ,QGLFDILQDOGHVXEURWLQD 7RUQDXPVtPERORYLVtYHODSDUWLUGHRXWURVPyGXORV ,QIRUPDR0$60GHTXHXPVtPERORpGHILQLGRIRUDGR PyGXORTXHHVWiVHQGRPRQWDGR 7DE3ULQFLSDLVGLUHWLYDVGR$60

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2OLQNHU
2 OLQNHU /,1. UHFHEH FRPR HQWUDGD XP RX PDLV DUTXLYRVREMHWR REM H JHUDRVVHJXLQWHVDUTXLYRV SURJUDPDH[HFXWiYHOH[H PDSDGHOLQNDJHPPDS WDEHODGHVtPERORVV\P $VVLPFRPRR0$60R/,1.SRGHVHUFKDPDGRVHPSDUkPHWURVSDUDTXH VROLFLWHDVLQIRUPDo}HVGHTXHSUHFLVD$VLQWD[HDOWHUQDWLYDp /,1.QRPHGRDUTXLYRREMHWRSULQFLSDO!>QRPHGHRXWURDUTXLYRREMHWR!@ (VWDJHUDRVDUTXLYRVPDSHH[H
2GHEXJJHU
26\PGHEpXPDIHUUDPHQWDXWLOL]DGDQDDQiOLVHHQDGHSXUDomRGHSURJUDPDV H[HFXWiYHLV2GRPtQLRGDVVXDVIXQo}HVpGHJUDQGHLPSRUWkQFLDSDUDRERP DSURYHLWDPHQWR GRV FDStWXORV VHJXLQWHV 3RU LVVR YDOH D SHQD LQYHVWLU XP SRXFRGHWHPSRQRHVWXGRGRVVHXVSULQFLSDLVFRPDQGRV $VLQWD[HSDUDDFKDPDGDGR6\PGHEp 6<0'(%RSo}HV>GULYH!@QRPH!H[WHQVmR! 6mRDFHLWRVDUTXLYRVFRPH[WHQVmRFRPELQH[HHKH[ $VRSo}HVVmR .KDELOLWDDWHFODVFUROOORFNFRPREUHDN 6KDELOLWDFKDYHDPHQWRHQWUHDWHODGHVDtGDGRVGDGRVGRSURJUDPDHGR 6\PGHE ,LPLWDR,%03& 'HVWDVDRSomR6pDPDLVXWLOL]DGD

O caso de programas com mltiplos arquivos tratado no Anexo 7.
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2 VLVWHPD GH QXPHUDomR DGRWDGR SRU GHIDXOW HP WRGRV RV FRPDQGRV GR 6\PGHEpRVLVWHPDKH[DGHFLPDO1~PHURVELQiULRV VmR DFHLWRV FRPR WDLV VH VHJXLGRV GR VXIL[R % % H Q~PHURV GHFLPDLV GHYHP VHU VHJXLGRV GR VXIL[R77
&RPDQGRV
2VFRPDQGRVPDLVXWLOL]DGRVTXHFRQYpPPHPRUL]DUVmR5'%':'' 8$73H42VH[HPSORVDEDL[RLOXVWUDPDVXDDSOLFDomR 5PRVWUDRVUHJLVWUDGRUHVHRVIODJVGRSURFHVVDGRU '%'6/PRVWUDRV+SULPHLURVE\WHVGRVHJPHQWRGHGDGRV HQGHUHoDGRSRU'6 ':'6/PRVWUDRVPHVPRVE\WHVGLVSRVWRVQDIRUPDGHZRUGV '''6/ PRVWUD RV PHVPRVE\WHVGLVSRVWRVQDIRUPDGHGRXEOH ZRUGV ':6663/PRVWUDRV~OWLPRVZRUGVFRORFDGRVQDSLOKD 8 &6,3 / PRVWUD DR WRGR + LQVWUXo}HV D SDUWLU GD SUy[LPD LQVWUXomRDVHUH[HFXWDGD $ >DGGU!@ HQWUD HP PRGR DVVHPEOHU HP TXH p SRVVtYHO HVFUHYHU SHTXHQRVSURJUDPDV 7H[HFXomRSDVVRDSDVVR 3 H[HFXomR GH XPD VXEURWLQD RX WUDWDGRU GH LQWHUUXSomR QXP ~QLFR SDVVR 44XLWHQFHUUDRSURJUDPD 2 DQH[R DSUHVHQWD XPD UHODomR FRPSOHWD GRV FRPDQGRV GR 6\PGHE TXH WDPEpPSRGHVHUYLVXDOL]DGDDWUDYpVGRSUySULRSURJUDPDFRPRFRPDQGR"
([HUFtFLRV
8WLOL]HRFRPDQGR$DVVHPEOHGR6\PGHESDUDFULDURSURJUDPDDEDL[R
MOV MOV INC INC AX,00FFH BX,AX AL BX
(PVHJXLGDH[HFXWHRSURJUDPDSDVVRDSDVVRFRPRFRPDQGR7WUDFH REVHUYDQGRRTXHDFRQWHFHQRVUHJLVWUDGRUHV(VWHSURFHGLPHQWRp~WLOSDUD WLUDU SHTXHQDV G~YLGDV TXH SRVVDP VXUJLU GXUDQWH RV HVWXGRV 6H SUHFLVDU

VDEHURTXHDFRQWHFHQXPDFHUWDVLWXDomRLPDJLQHXPSHTXHQRH[HPSORH H[HFXWHReXPDGDVPHOKRUHVIRUPDVGHHVWXGDUHDSUHQGHU 0RQWHRSURJUDPDDEDL[RHFDUUHJXHRQR6\PGHE

;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;Mensagem.asm - Escrevendo uma mensagem na tela ;Prof. Roberto M. Ziller - 04.01.2000 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; PILHA SEGMENT STACK DB 128 DUP(?) PILHA ENDS DADOS SEGMENT MSG1 DB 'AGORA SEI ESCREVER MENSAGENS NA TELA DO COMPUTADOR: $' MSG2 DB 'MICROPROCESSADORES' DADOS ENDS CODIGO SEGMENT ASSUME CS:CODIGO, DS:DADOS, SS:PILHA INICIO: MOV AX,DADOS MOV DS,AX ; INICIALIZACAO DE DS MOV AH,09H ; SERVICO DO DOS MOV DX,OFFSET MSG1 ; APONTA PARA O TEXTO INT 21H ; EXECUTA FUNCAO DO DOS P/ MSG1 MOV DX,OFFSET MSG2 INT 21H ; IDEM, MSG2 MOV AH,4CH ; TERMINA E RETORNA AO DOS INT 21H ; SERVICO DO DOS CODIGO ENDS END INICIO
([HFXWHR SDVVR D SDVVR DFRPSDQKDQGR D HYROXomR GRV UHJLVWUDGRUHV H D VDtGDQDWHODFRPDQGR?$VOLQKDV
MOV AH,09H LEA DX,MSG1 INT 21H ; FUNO DO DOS ; APONTA PARA O TEXTO ; SERVIO DO DOS
FKDPDPRWUDWDGRUGDLQWHUUXSomR+UHVSRQViYHOSRUXPJUDQGHQ~PHUR GHVHUYLoRVRIHUHFLGRVSHORVLVWHPDRSHUDFLRQDO'26 2 WUDWDGRU GD LQWHUUXSomR + EXVFD LQLFLDOPHQWH HP $+ R Q~PHUR GD IXQomR GHVHMDGD &RP LVVR HVWH WUDWDGRU SRGH RIHUHFHU DWp IXQo}HV GLIHUHQWHV $OJXPDV GHVVDV IXQo}HV WrP VXEIXQo}HV TXH R XVXiULR HVSHFLILFDDWUDYpVGHRXWURUHJLVWUDGRURTXHDXPHQWDROLPLWHGRQ~PHUR GH VHUYLoRV SRVVtYHLV SDUD 2 Q~PHUR GH VHUYLoRV H[LVWHQWHV p GH DOJXPDVFHQWHQDV2DQH[RGHVFUHYHDOJXQVGHVVHVVHUYLoRVHPRVWUDRQGH FRQVHJXLUPDLVLQIRUPDo}HV
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$ IXQomR XWLOL]DGD QR H[HPSOR SRUTXH $+ +VHUYHSDUDHVFUHYHU XPDVWULQJQDWHODGRFRPSXWDGRU3DUDWDQWRpSUHFLVRREHGHFHUjVHJXLQWH FRQYHQomRGHFKDPDGD $+GHYHFRQWHURYDORU+ RSDU'6';GHYH DSRQWDU SDUD R SULPHLUR E\WH GD PHQVDJHP D VHUHVFULWD DPHQVDJHPGHYHWHUPLQDUSRUXPFDUDFWHUTXHQmRpHVFULWR ,GHQWLILTXHHFRUULMDRHUURQRSURJUDPDDQWHULRU (VFUHYD XP SURJUDPD TXH OHLD FDUDFWHUHV GR WHFODGR H TXH HVFUHYD HVVHV FDUDFWHUHVQDWHOD 'LFDFRQVXOWHDQH[RSDUDYHURTXHID]HPDVIXQo}HV++ H+GDLQWHUUXSomR+ 0RGLILTXHRSURJUDPDDQWHULRUGHPRGRTXHWRGDVDVOHWUDVDSDUHoDPFRPR PDL~VFXODVLQGHSHQGHQWHPHQWHGHFRPRIRUDPGLJLWDGDV 'LFDOHPEUHVHGRVFRQFHLWRVEiVLFRVVREUHPDQLSXODomRGHELWV 0HOKRUH R SURJUDPD GR LWHP DQWHULRU SDUD TXH VHMD SRVVtYHO OHU VWULQJV H HVFUHYrODVQDWHOD(QFHUUHRSURJUDPDVHRFDUDFWHUGLJLWDGRIRU(QWHU 'LFD SDUD GHVFREULU R FyGLJR JHUDGR TXDQGR VH GLJLWD (QWHU IDoD XP SHTXHQR SURJUDPD QR 6\PGHE TXH OHLD XPD WHFOD H H[HFXWHR SDVVR D SDVVR $FRPSDQKH R UHJLVWUDGRU TXH UHFHEH R FDUDFWHU GLJLWDGR SDUD GHVFREULU R YDORU UHFHELGR 2 PHVPR SURFHGLPHQWR SRGH VHU XVDGR SDUD OHYDQWDU R YDORU DVVRFLDGR D TXDOTXHUWHFOD 'LFD DV WHFODV GH IXQo}HV HVSHFLDLV FRPR SRU H[HPSOR ) JHUDP FyGLJRV GH E\WHV 1HVWH FDVR R SULPHLUR E\WH p VHPSUH +$VVLPVHYSUHFLVDUGHVVDVWHFODVQRVHXSURJUDPDHVWHGHYH OHU R WHFODGR H SHUJXQWDU VH R E\WH OLGR p QXOR &DVR VHMD GHYH LPHGLDWDPHQWH OHU R WHFODGR PDLV XPD YH] SDUD WHU R FyGLJR FRPSOHWR (VFUHYD XP SURJUDPD TXH XWLOL]H D IXQomR + GD LQWHUUXSomR + TXH RIHUHFH VHUYLoRV GR %,26 GR 3& (VWD LQWHUUXSomR WDPEpP SHUPLWH HVFUHYHUFDUDFWHUHVQDWHODPDVDOpPGHHVSHFLILFDURFDUDFWHUHVFULWRYRFr WDPEpP SRGH HVFROKHU VXD FRU &RQVXOWH R DQH[R SDUD REWHU PDLRUHV GHWDOKHVVREUHHVWDIXQomR

7HVWHHGHSXUDomR
6XEURWLQDVQHDUHIDU
2 SUHVHQWH FDStWXOR p XP HVWXGR GLULJLGR SDUD GHVHQYROYHU DV KDELOLGDGHV GH WHVWHHGHEXVFDGHHUURVHPSURJUDPDV 2HVWXGRH[SORUDDVGLIHUHQoDVHQWUHVXEURWLQDVQHDUHIDUTXHGLVWLQJXHPDV FKDPDGDVGHVXEURWLQDVIHLWDVGHQWURGHXPPHVPRVHJPHQWRGDTXHODVIHLWDV GHXPVHJPHQWRSDUDRXWUR
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;NearFar.asm - Um estudo sobre sub-rotinas near e far ;Prof. Roberto M. Ziller - 04.01.2000 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; PILHA SEGMENT STACK DB 128 DUP(?) PILHA ENDS DADOS SEGMENT MSG1 DB 'FOI CHAMADA UMA SUB-ROTINA NEAR$' MSG2 DB 'FOI CHAMADA UMA SUB-ROTINA FAR$' DADOS ENDS CODIGO SEGMENT ASSUME CS:CODIGO, DS:DADOS, SS:PILHA PUBLIC SHOW1, INICIO, SHOW2, ENTER SHOW1 PROC NEAR ; APRESENTA MSG EM DS:DX COM CRLF MOV AH,09H ; WRITE STRING INT 21H CALL FAR PTR ENTER RET SHOW1 ENDP INICIO: MOV AX,DADOS MOV DS,AX MOV DX,OFFSET MSG1 CALL SHOW1 MOV DX,OFFSET MSG2 CALL FAR PTR SHOW2 MOV AH,4CH ; TERMINATE INT 21H CODIGO ENDS

ROTINAS SEGMENT ASSUME CS:ROTINAS SHOW2 PROC FAR ; APRESENTA MSG EM DS:DX COM CRLF MOV AH,09H ; WRITE STRING INT 21H CALL FAR PTR ENTER RET SHOW2 ENDP ENTER PROC FAR MOV AH,02H MOV DL,0DH ; CARRIAGE RETURN (CR) INT 21H MOV AH,02H MOV DL,0AH ; LINE FEED (LF) INT 21H RET ENTER ENDP ROTINAS ENDS END INICIO
([SORUDQGRDVOLVWDJHQV
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7HVWHHGHSXUDomR

([SORUDQGRRVUHFXUVRVGR6\PGHE
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;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;Matrix.asm - Matrizes com enderecamento baseado indexado ;Prof. Roberto M. Ziller - 04.01.2000 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; M EQU 10 N EQU 20 PILHA SEGMENT STACK DW 80H DUP(?) PILHA ENDS M1 SEGMENT DB M * N DUP (10H) M1 ENDS M2 SEGMENT DB M * N DUP (25H) M2 ENDS

CODIGO
SEGMENT ASSUME CS:CODIGO, SS:PILHA, DS:M1, ES:M2 PUBLIC ROW, COL INICIO: MOV AX,M1 MOV DS,AX MOV AX,M2 MOV ES,AX MOV BX,0 ROW: MOV SI,0 COL: MOV AL,ES:[BX+SI] ADD [BX+SI],AL INC SI CMP SI,N JNZ COL ADD BX,N CMP BX,M*N JNZ ROW MOV AH,4CH INT 21H CODIGO ENDS END INICIO
([HUFtFLRV
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(QGHUHoDPHQWREDVHDGRHLQGH[DGR
DADOS DADOS SEGMENT DB M*N DUP (?) DB M*N DUP (?) ENDS ... MOV AL,[200+BX+SI] ADD [BX+SI],AL

(VWH PpWRGR IXQFLRQD PDVp UXLPSRUTXHDFRQVWDQWH DSDUHFHGHQWUR GD LQVWUXomR0296H0H1IRUHPDOWHUDGRVGHPRGRTXH0 1SDVVHD VHU GLIHUHQWH GH R SURJUDPDGRU WHUi TXH VH OHPEUDU GH DWXDOL]DU HVVH YDORU GHQWUR GD LQVWUXomR &RPR LVVR SRGH VHU IDFLOPHQWH HVTXHFLGR R FyGLJRpYXOQHUiYHOHWHPEDL[DTXDOLGDGH 3DUDHYLWDUHVWHSUREOHPDSRGHUVHLDSHQVDUHPVXEVWLWXLU
MOV AL,[200+BX+SI]
SHODLQVWUXomR
MOV AL,[M*N+BX+SI].
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DADOS M1 M2 DADOS SEGMENT DB M*N DUP (?) DB M*N DUP (?) ENDS ... MOV AL,[M2+BX+SI] ADD [M1+BX+SI],AL
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2VLVWHPDRSHUDFLRQDO06'26QmRRIHUHFHVXSRUWHjPXOWLSURJUDPDomRGH PRGRTXHQRUPDOPHQWHRXVXiULRVySRGHLQVWDODUQDPHPyULDXPSURJUDPD GH FDGD YH] &RQVWLWXHP H[FHomR D HVVD UHJUD RV SURJUDPDV FKDPDGRV UHVLGHQWHV RX 765V GR LQJOrV WHUPLQDWH DQG VWD\ UHVLGHQW 8P H[HPSOR GH SURJUDPDUHVLGHQWHpR GRVNH\XWLOL]DGRSDUDOHPEUDURVFRPDQGRVGLJLWDGRV SHORXVXiULRHIDFLOLWDUVXDUHSHWLomR2VYtUXVWDPEpPVmR765V 3DUD TXH VH WRUQH DWLYR XP SURJUDPD UHVLGHQWH SUHFLVD VHU FRORFDGR QD PHPyULD SRU XP SURJUDPD LQVWDODGRU (VWH DORFD HVSDoR SDUD R FyGLJR TXH GHYH SHUPDQHFHU UHVLGHQWH HVWDEHOHFH DV FRQGLo}HV SDUD TXH HVWH VHMD H[HFXWDGRHHQWmRUHWRUQDDRSURPSWGRVLVWHPDRSHUDFLRQDO(VVDVFRQGLo}HV GH H[HFXomR SRGHP YDULDU EDVWDQWH GH XP SURJUDPD SDUD RXWUR H p FRPXP TXH LQFOXDP FRQWDJHP GH WHPSR RX GHWHFomR GH FRPELQDo}HV GH WHFODV jV TXDLV R SURJUDPD UHDJH 1R FDVR GR GRVNH\ SRU H[HPSOR FDGD FRPDQGR GLJLWDGRSHORXVXiULRHFRQILUPDGRFRPDWHFOD(QWHUpDUPD]HQDGRHPXPD OLVWD $V WHFODV GH VHWDV H SDVVDP D WHU D IXQomR GH SHUFRUUHU HVVD OLVWD FRORFDQGRRVFRPDQGRVMiGLJLWDGRVQRYDPHQWHjGLVSRVLomRGRXVXiULR 2V 765V FRQVHJXHP SURYRFDU HVVH WLSR GH PXGDQoD QR FRPSRUWDPHQWR GR VLVWHPD DWUDYpV GD DOWHUDomR GH XP RX PDLV WUDWDGRUHV GH LQWHUUXSomR 3DUD WDQWRPRGLILFDPDWDEHODGHLQWHUUXSo}HVGHPRGRDGHVYLDURWUDWDPHQWRGD LQWHUUXSomRHPTXHVWmRSDUDXPWUHFKRGHFyGLJRUHVLGHQWHTXHDJHFRPRXP WUDWDGRU DOWHUQDWLYR 8WLOLWiULRV VLPSOHV FRPR FDOFXODGRUDV H DJHQGDV TXH DSDUHFHP DR WRTXH GH XPD FRPELQDomR GH WHFODV FRVWXPDP PRGLILFDU RV WUDWDGRUHVGRUHOyJLRRXGRWHFODGRPDVRPHVPRSULQFtSLRVHDSOLFDWDPEpP DSURJUDPDVPDLVVRILVWLFDGRVFRPRFRPSDFWDGRUHVGHGLVFRHJHUHQFLDGRUHV GHPHPyULDTXHLPSOHPHQWDPDOJRULWPRVPDLVVRILVWLFDGRV

'26LGOHLQWHUUXSW
([LVWHPFDVRVHPTXHXPSURJUDPDUHVLGHQWHGHYHVHUDWLYDGRDVVLPTXHQmR KRXYHU RXWUD WDUHID D VHU H[HFXWDGD D ILP GH DSURYHLWDU R WHPSR RFLRVR GR SURFHVVDGRU(VWDpDVLWXDomRTXHVHWHPTXDQGRXPSURJUDPDDJXDUGDTXHR XVXiULR GLJLWH DOJXP FRPDQGR RX TXDQGR QmR Ki TXDOTXHU SURJUDPD FDUUHJDGR SDUD H[HFXomR (VWH PHFDQLVPR SRGH VHU ~WLO SRU H[HPSOR SDUD LPSOHPHQWDU765VGHGLDJQyVWLFRTXHSRGHPYHULILFDURKDUGZDUHLQVWDODGR HQTXDQWRQmRKiRXWUDVWDUHIDVSHQGHQWHV 8PD YH] TXH SRU KLSyWHVH QmR Ki TXDOTXHU DomR GR XVXiULR TXH SRVVD VHU GHWHFWDGD SDUD GDU LQtFLR j H[HFXomR GR SURJUDPD UHVLGHQWH p SUHFLVR TXH H[LVWD XPD RXWUD IRUPD GH DWLYiOR TXDQGR R VLVWHPD RSHUDFLRQDO HQWUDU HP UHSRXVReHVWDDIXQomRGDLQWHUUXSomRQ~PHUR+GR'26FRQKHFLGDSRU '26 LGOH LQWHUUXSW LQWHUUXSomR GH UHSRXVR FXMR WUDWDGRU p FKDPDGR FRQWLQXDPHQWH VHPSUH TXH QmR Ki RXWUDV WDUHIDV SDUD SURFHVVDU 3RU GHIDXOW HVVHWUDWDGRUWHPDSHQDVXPDLQVWUXomR,5(7GHPDQHLUDTXHQDGDDFRQWHFH VHQmRKRXYHUXPSURJUDPD765LQVWDODGRTXHRPRGLILTXH 2SURJUDPDGDVHomRPRGLILFDRWUDWDGRUGDLQWHUUXSomR+SDUDLOXVWUDU RIXQFLRQDPHQWRGRPHFDQLVPRGHLQWHUUXSomRGR
'26LGOHLQWHUUXSWHR:LQGRZV
$ H[LVWrQFLD GD LQWHUUXSomR GH UHSRXVR GR '26 FULRX XP SUREOHPD SDUD R :LQGRZV&RPRHVWHpXPVLVWHPDTXHRIHUHFHVXSRUWHjPXOWLSURJUDPDomRR IDWRGHXPDMDQHODGR06'26HVWDUHP UHSRXVR QmR VLJQLILFD TXH QmR KDMD RXWUDV WDUHIDV D VHUHP H[HFXWDGDV 3RUWDQWR VH SDUD FDGD MDQHOD 06'26 DEHUWD R :LQGRZV WLYHVVH TXH FKDPDU FRQWLQXDPHQWH R WUDWDGRU GD LQWHUUXSomR+ TXHQRUPDOPHQWHH[HFXWDDSHQDVDLQVWUXomRGHUHWRUQR RGHVHPSHQKRGDVRXWUDVDSOLFDo}HVSRGHULDVHUSUHMXGLFDGRVHPQHFHVVLGDGH 3RUFDXVDGLVVRH[LVWHXPDGLIHUHQoDHQWUHDH[HFXomRGR06'26DSDUWLUGR :LQGRZV H R FDVR HP TXH VH LQLFLDOL]D R FRPSXWDGRU DSHQDV QR PRGR 06'26 1R SULPHLUR FDVR DV FKDPDGDV GR WUDWDGRU GD LQWHUUXSomR GH UHSRXVR FHVVDP DSyV DOJXQV LQVWDQWHV GH LQDWLYLGDGH $VVLP R SURJUDPD GD VHomRHQWUDHPUHSRXVRORJRGHSRLVTXHFHVVDDDWLYLGDGHGRWHFODGR,VWR QmR LPSHGH TXH VH REVHUYH VHX IXQFLRQDPHQWR PDV SRGH VHU LQWHUHVVDQWH UHLQLFLDOL]DURFRPSXWDGRUQRPRGR06'26SDUDREVHUYDUDGLIHUHQoD
'HVYLDQGRLQWHUUXSo}HV

2SURJUDPD
2SURJUDPDDVHJXLUGHVYLDRWUDWDGRUGDLQWHUUXSomR +SDUD XPWUHFKRGH FyGLJRSUySULRTXHSHUPDQHFHUHVLGHQWHHLPSOHPHQWDXPFRQWDGRUPyGXOR 6XDFRQWDJHPDSDUHFHQDWHODQDSRVLomRDWXDOGRFXUVRUSHUPLWLQGRDVVLP DFRPSDQKDUDVRFRUUrQFLDVGHVVDLQWHUUXSomR
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;Ints86.asm - Interrupcoes do 8085 ;Prof. Roberto M. Ziller - 04.01.2000 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; PILHA SEGMENT STACK DW 128 DUP (?) PILHA ENDS DADOS SEGMENT CONT DB 0 ; CONTAGEM ATRASO DB 0 ; ATRASO DADOS ENDS CODIGO SEGMENT ASSUME CS:CODIGO, DS:DADOS, SS:PILHA INICIO: MOV AX,CS MOV DS,AX ; DS = CS MOV AH,25H ; FUNCAO SET INT VECTOR MOV AL,28H ; VETOR A MODIFICAR MOV DX,OFFSET CONTA ; OFFSET DO TRATADOR INT 21H ; SERVICO DO DOS MOV AL,3 ; RETURN CODE MOV DX,0FFH ; PARAGRAPHS TO KEEP RESIDENT MOV AH,31H ; TSR INT 21H ; SERVICO DO DOS CONTA: PUSH AX PUSH BX PUSH CX PUSH DS MOV AX,DADOS MOV DS,AX ; DS -> DADOS INC ATRASO CMP ATRASO,00H JNE SAIDA MOV AL,CONT INC AL CMP AL,10 JNE OK XOR AL,AL ; ZERA CONTAGEM OK: MOV CONT,AL OR AL,30H ; TRANSFORMA EM ASCII MOV AH,09 ; FUNCAO "WRITE CHAR" DA INT 10H MOV BH,0 ; PAGINA DE VIDEO MOV BL,7 ; ATRIBUTO

SAIDA:
MOV CX,0001H INT 10H POP DS POP CX POP BX POP AX IRET ENDS END INICIO ; NUMERO DE CARACTERES ; SERVICO DO BIOS
CODIGO
([HUFtFLRV
&RPRDX[tOLRGR6\PGHEIDoDXPOHYDQWDPHQWRGRFyGLJRGRWUDWDGRUGD LQWHUUXSomR+GR'26DQWHVGHFDUUHJDUTXDOTXHUSURJUDPDUHVLGHQWH ([HFXWH R SURJUDPD DFLPD D SDUWLU GR SURPSW GR '26 9HULILTXH QRYDPHQWHR HQGHUHoR GR WUDWDGRU GD LQWHUUXSomR + H R FyGLJR TXH VH HQFRQWUDOi([SOLTXHRTXHDFRQWHFHX 5HLQLFLDOL]H R FRPSXWDGRU H FDUUHJXH R SURJUDPD QR 6\PGHE ([HFXWHR SDVVR D SDVVR DWp TXH R WUDWDGRU VHMD LQVWDODGR H D FRQWDJHP DSDUHoD QD SRVLomR GR FXUVRU 6HP VDLU GR 6\PGHE HQFRQWUH D SRVLomR GD LQVWUXomR ,17+HVXEVWLWXDHVWDLQVWUXomRSRUGXDVLQVWUXo}HV123([SOLTXH R TXHDFRQWHFHX 'LFDQmRXWLOL]HRVFRPDQGRV$DVVHPEOHRX(HGLWGR6\PGHE SDUDID]HUDVDOWHUDo}HV6HIL]HULVVRYRFrQmRFRQVHJXLUi DOWHUDU RVGRLVE\WHVTXHFRQVWLWXHPDLQVWUXomR,17+GHXPDVyYH] HGXUDQWHRLQWHUYDORHPTXHRSULPHLURE\WHWLYHUVLGRVXEVWLWXtGR SHORRSFRGHGDLQVWUXomR123+HRVHJXQGRE\WHDLQGDQmR D LQVWUXomR GHFRGLILFDGD SHOR SURFHVVDGRU IDUi R SURJUDPD VH SHUGHU3DUDID]HUDVXEVWLWXLomRGRVGRLVE\WHVDRPHVPRWHPSR XWLOL]H R FRPDQGR ) ILOO 3RU H[HPSOR VH D LQVWUXomR ,17 + HVWLYHUHP+RFRPDQGRp ) 2 TXH DFRQWHFH VH YRFr YROWDU D FRORFDU D LQVWUXomR ,17+ QD SRVLomR GRVGRLV123V" 'LFD DJRUD R FDPLQKR PDLV IiFLO p XWLOL]DU R FRPDQGR $ DVVHPEOH ([SHULPHQWHYDULDURVYDORUHVGH%/H&;QDFKDPDGDSDUDDLQWHUUXSomR +SDUDFULDUHIHLWRVFRORULGRVGHDFRUGRFRPDVLQIRUPDo}HVGRDQH[R
7UDEDOKDQGRFRPVWULQJV
,QLFLDOL]DomRHFySLDGHWDEHODV
2 REMHWLYR GHVWD VHomR p DQDOLVDU R HPSUHJR GDV LQVWUXo}HV 6726: H 0296:GRSDUDLQLFLDOL]DUXPDiUHDGHPHPyULDHFRSLDUXPDWDEHODGH XPVHJPHQWRSDUDRXWUR 2 SURJUDPD D VHJXLU UHVHUYD XPD iUHD GH WUDEDOKR %8))(5 H XWLOL]D D LQVWUXomR6726:SDUDLQLFLDOL]iOD(PVHJXLGDFRORFDXPDVpULHGHYDORUHVQD SLOKDHFRSLDHVVHVYDORUHVSDUDDiUHDGHWUDEDOKRFRPDLQVWUXomR0296: $ILPGHPDQWHURSURJUDPDVLPSOHVQmRIRUDPLQFOXtGDVHQWUDGDQHPVDtGD GH GDGRV $ DQiOLVH GR IXQFLRQDPHQWR GHYH VHU IHLWD FRP D IHUUDPHQWD 6\PGHE8PH[HPSORFRPSOHWRFRPHQWUDGDSURFHVVDPHQWRHVDtGDSRGHVHU HQFRQWUDGRQDVHomR
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;Movs.asm - Copia de strings ;Prof. Roberto M. Ziller - 04.01.2000 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; WCOUNT EQU 10H PILHA SEGMENT STACK DW 80H DUP (?) PILHA ENDS DADOS BUFFER DADOS CODE START: SEGMENT DW WCOUNT DUP(?) ENDS SEGMENT ASSUME CS:CODE,SS:PILHA,ES:DADOS PUBLIC SUJAR, START MOV AX,DADOS MOV ES,AX LEA DI,BUFFER MOV CX,WCOUNT MOV AX,1111H ; VALOR INICIAL DOS WORDS DE BUFFER CLD ; STRINGS MOVIDAS COM AUTO-INCREMENTO STOSW
REP

SUJAR: LOOPNE
MOV CX,WCOUNT PUSH CX SUJAR MOV AX,SS MOV DS,AX MOV SI,SP MOV CX,WCOUNT LEA DI,BUFFER MOVSW ; COLOCA WCOUNT WORDS NA PILHA ; DS = SS ; SI = TOP OF STACK ; WCOUNT WORDS DO STACK P/ BUFFER
REP
CODE
ADD SP,2*WCOUNT ; LIMPA A PILHA MOV AH,4CH INT 21H ; FIM ENDS END START
([HUFtFLRV
0RQWHRSURJUDPDDFLPDHFDUUHJXHRQR6\PGHE (VWXGH D OLVWDJHP H LGHQWLILTXH DV VHo}HV GR SURJUDPD TXH ID]HP D LQLFLDOL]DomRGDiUHDGHWUDEDOKRDFRORFDomRGHYDORUHVQDSLOKDHVXDFySLD SDUDDiUHDGHWUDEDOKR &RORTXH XP EUHDNSRLQW QR OXJDU GD LQVWUXomR TXH LQLFLDOL]D D iUHD GH WUDEDOKRHYHULILTXHRFRQWH~GRGHVVDiUHDLPHGLDWDPHQWHDQWHVGDH[HFXomR GHVVD LQVWUXomR ([HFXWHD FRP R FRPDQGR 7 H YHULILTXH QRYDPHQWH R FRQWH~GRGDiUHDGHWUDEDOKR 4XDO R FULWpULR GH SDUDGD GR ORRS TXH VXMD D SLOKD" 4XH YDORUHV YRFr HVSHUDTXHVHMDPFRORFDGRVOi"&RQWLQXHDH[HFXomRGRSURJUDPDSDVVRD SDVVRHYHULILTXHVXDVSUHYLV}HV $YDQFHDWpDH[HFXomRGDLQVWUXomRTXHFRSLDRFRQWH~GRGDSLOKD SDUD D iUHDGHWUDEDOKR7HQWHSUHYHURQRYRFRQWH~GRGHVVDiUHDDSyVDH[HFXomR GDLQVWUXomR0296:HGHSRLVYHULILTXHVXDVSUHYLV}HV (VFUHYD XP SURJUDPD TXH FRSLH D WDEHOD GH YHWRUHV GH LQWHUUXSomR SDUD XPD iUHD GH WUDEDOKR H TXH YHULILTXH HQWmR VH HVVD iUHD FRQWpP XP YHWRU FRP R YDORU GR RIIVHW LJXDO D + $ EXVFD GHYH VHU IHLWD XWLOL]DQGR D LQVWUXomR6&$6:HQmRGHYHVHUHQFHUUDGDVHKRXYHUDOJXPVHJPHQWRLJXDO D + 2 SURJUDPD GHYH DSUHVHQWDU FRPR UHVXOWDGR R Q~PHUR GR SULPHLURYHWRUHQFRQWUDGRFXMRRIIVHWp]HUR

9DUUHGXUDGHVWULQJV
2 SURJUDPD D VHJXLU VROLFLWD DR XVXiULR TXH GLJLWH XPD VHTrQFLD GH DWp FDUDFWHUHV H HP VHJXLGD XP FDUDFWHU GH EXVFD $ VHTrQFLD GH FDUDFWHUHV p HQWmRYDUULGDHPEXVFDGDSULPHLUD RFRUUrQFLDGHVVHFDUDFWHUFRPDLQVWUXomR 6&$6% $VVLP TXH IRU HQFRQWUDGR XP FDUDFWHU LJXDO DR FDUDFWHU GH EXVFD R SURJUDPD DSUHVHQWD XPD PHQVDJHP GL]HQGR HP TXH SRVLomR GH D R FDUDFWHUIRLHQFRQWUDGR&DVRRFDUDFWHUGHEXVFDQmRIDoDSDUWHGDVHTrQFLD R SURJUDPD DSUHVHQWD XPD PHQVDJHP GL]HQGR TXH R FDUDFWHU QmR IRL HQFRQWUDGR
;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ;Scas.asm - Varredura de strings ;Prof. Roberto M. Ziller - 04.01.2000 ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;; ENTER EQU 0DH PILHA SEGMENT STACK DW 100 DUP (?) PILHA ENDS DADOS SEGMENT MSGSTR DB 'ENTRE COM A STRING: $' MSGCHAR DB 'ENTRE COM O CARACTER A PROCURAR: $' MSGFND DB 'O CARACTER FOI ENCONTRADO NA POSICAO $' MSGNOT DB 'O CARACTER NAO FOI ENCONTRADO.' CRLF DB 0DH, 0AH, '$' BUFFER DB 101 DUP (?) DADOS ENDS CODE SEGMENT ASSUME CS:CODE,ES:DADOS,SS:PILHA START: MOV AX,DADOS MOV DS,AX MOV ES,AX LEA AX,MSGSTR PUSH AX CALL SHOW ;SOLICITA STRING ADD SP,2 LEA AX,BUFFER PUSH AX CALL GETSTR ;STRING EM BUFFER E COMPRIMENTO EM CX ADD SP,2 LEA AX,MSGCHAR PUSH AX CALL SHOW ; SOLICITA CARACTER ADD SP,2 CALL GETCHAR ; CARACTER EM AL LEA DI,BUFFER CLD

REPNE
SCASB ; VARRE STRING EM BUSCA DO CARACTER JNZ NO LEA AX,MSGFND PUSH AX CALL SHOW ; CARACTER ENCONTRADO ADD SP,2 SUB DI,OFFSET BUFFER DEC DI ; DI = OFFSET DO CARACTER EM BUFFER MOV AX,DI MOV BL,10 DIV BL ; DIVIDE OFFSET DO CARACTER POR 10; MOV DX,AX ; DEZENA EM DL E UNIDADE EM DH ADD DX,3030H ; CONVERTE P/ ASCII MOV AH,02H INT 21H ; APRESENTA DEZENA MOV DL,DH INT 21H ; APRESENTA UNIDADE MOV DL,'.' INT 21H ; PONTO FINAL DA FRASE JMP FIM LEA AX,MSGNOT PUSH AX CALL SHOW ; CARACTER NAO ENCONTRADO ADD SP,2 MOV AH,4CH INT 21H PROC NEAR PUSH BP MOV BP,SP MOV AH,09H LEA DX,CRLF INT 21H MOV DX,[BP+4] INT 21H POP BP RET ENDP PROC NEAR PUSH BP MOV BP,SP MOV BX,[BP+4] MOV CX,00H MOV AH,01H INT 21H CMP AL,ENTER JZ OK MOV [BX],AL INC BX ; OFFSET DO CARACTER EM BUFFER INC CX ; NUMERO DE CARACTERES LIDOS CMP CX,100
NO:
FIM: SHOW
SHOW GETSTR
LOOP:
JB LOOP MOV BYTE PTR [BX],'$' POP BP RET GETSTR ENDP GETCHAR PROC NEAR MOV AH,01H INT 21H RET GETCHAR ENDP CODE ENDS END START OK:

([HUFtFLRV
0RQWHHH[HFXWH RSURJUDPDDFLPDHYHULILTXHTXHHOHIXQFLRQDFRQIRUPH GHVFULWR (VWXGHDOLVWDJHPHLGHQWLILTXHDVVHJXLQWHVVHo}HVQRSURJUDPDHQWUDGDGH GDGRVSURFHVVDPHQWRHVDtGD &DUUHJXHRSURJUDPDQR6\PGHEHFRORTXHXPEUHDNSRLQWQDSRVLomRHP TXHDEXVFDHVWiSUHVWHVDVHLQLFLDU([HFXWHRSURJUDPDDWpHVWHSRQWRH XWLOL]HRFRPDQGRGHYLVXDOL]DomRGRFRQWH~GRGDPHPyULDSDUDREVHUYDUD YDULiYHO%8))(52EVHUYHWDPEpPRVYDORUHVGRVUHJLVWUDGRUHV $/H&; HFHUWLILTXHVHGHFRPSUHHQGHUVHXSDSHOQRSURJUDPD &RQWLQXH D H[HFXomR GR SURJUDPD SDVVR D SDVVR 2EVHUYH FRPR R UHJLVWUDGRU ', p SUHSDUDGR SDUD DSRQWDU SDUD R LQtFLR GD VWULQJ DQWHV GD H[HFXomRGDOLQKD5(31(6&$6%4XDOD LPSRUWkQFLDGRUHJLVWUDGRU&; QDH[HFXomRGHVVDOLQKD" &RPR GHYH VHU LQWHUSUHWDGR R FRQWH~GR GR UHJLVWUDGRU ', LPHGLDWDPHQWH DSyV D H[HFXomR GD OLQKD 5(31( 6&$6%" 5HODFLRQH VXD UHVSRVWD FRP R YDORUGR]HURIODJ ([SOLTXH GH IRUPD VLPSOHV H REMHWLYD FRPR R SURJUDPD ID] SDUD REWHU R Q~PHURGHFLPDOGHD TXH UHSUHVHQWDD SRVLomRGRFDUDFWHUQDVWULQJ &RPHFH VXD H[SOLFDomR LPHGLDWDPHQWH DSyV D FKDPDGD GD VXEURWLQD 6+2:SDUDDSUHVHQWDUDPHQVDJHP06*)1' 0RGLILTXH R SURJUDPD DFLPD SDUD DSUHVHQWDU WRGDV DV RFRUUrQFLDV GH XP FDUDFWHUQXPDVWULQJHQmRDSHQDVDSULPHLUD 0RGLILTXHRSURJUDPDGHPRGRTXHVHMDSRVVtYHOXWLOL]DUDWHFODEDFNVSDFH SDUDFRUULJLUDVWULQJTXHHVWiVHQGRGLJLWDGD

$QH[R,QVWUXo}HVGR
$EUHYLDWXUDVXWLOL]DGDVQDWDEHODGHLQVWUXo}HV
Abreviatura dado end p r Z S P CY A -/*/0/1 Significado Constante de 8 bits Endereo de 16 bits Par de registradores (BC, DE ou HL) Registrador (A, B, C, D, E, H ou L) Zero flag Sign flag Parity flag Carry flag Auxiliary Carry flag No afeta/afeta/zera/seta flag
'LUHWLYDV
Nome DB <valor>(,...) END EQU ORG <endereo> Significado Define byte End Equate Origin
$VLQVWUXo}HV
(VWD VHomR DSUHVHQWD R FRQMXQWR GH LQVWUXo}HV GR $ FROXQD +H[D FRQWpPRFyGLJRKH[DGHFLPDOGHFDGDLQVWUXomRDFROXQD=63&$GL]FRPR FDGDLQVWUXomRDIHWDRVIODJVGHDFRUGRFRPDFRQYHQomRGDGDDFLPD $ ILP GH OLPLWDU R WDPDQKR GD WDEHOD DOJXPDV LQVWUXo}HV IRUDP DJUXSDGDV QXPD PHVPD OLQKD e R FDVR SRU H[HPSOR GD LQVWUXomR &03UHJLVWUDGRU! 3DUD DVVRFLDU RV RSFRGHV DRV UHJLVWUDGRUHV FRUUHWRV p SUHFLVR VDEHU TXH RV RSFRGHV TXH VH UHIHUHP DRV UHJLVWUDGRUHV GH $ DWp / H DR HQGHUHoDPHQWR LQGLUHWRGDPHPyULDILFDPVHPSUHQDVHJXLQWHRUGHP%&'(+/0H$ $VVLP QR FDVR GD LQVWUXomR DFLPD R RSFRGH %+ VLJQLILFD &03% H R RSFRGH%)+VLJQLILFD&03$1RFDVRGRVSDUHVGHUHJLVWUDGRUHVDRUGHPp %&'(+/H63VHIRURFDVR

Mnem. ACI ADC ADC ADD ADD ADI ANA ANA ANI CALL CC CM CMA CMC CMP CMP CNC CNZ CP CPE CPI CPO CZ DAA DAD DAD DAD DAD DCR DCR DCR DCR DCR DCR DCR DCR DCX DI EI HLT IN INR INR INR INR INR INR INR INR INX JC JM JMP JNC JNZ JP JPE JPO JZ LDA LDAX LDAX
Operando dado r M r M dado r M dado end end end Opcode CE 88-8F 8E 80-87 86 C6 A0-A7 A6 E6 CD DC FC 2F 3F B8-BF BE D4 C4 F4 EC FE E4 CC 27 09 19 29 39 3D 05 0D 15 1D 25 2D 35 0B,1B,2B,3B F3 FB 76 DB 3C 04 0C 14 1C 24 2C 34 03,13,23,33 DA FA C3 D2 C2 F2 EA E2 CA 3A 0A 1A ZSPCA ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** ***** -------------------****** ***** ----------------***** --------***** ---*---*---*---****-* ***-* ***-* ***-* ***-* ***-* ***-* ***-* --------------------***-* ***-* ***-* ***-* ***-* ***-* ***-* ***-* ----------------------------------------------------Descrio Soma dado imediato e CY a A Soma registrador e CY a A Soma byte endereado por HL e CY a A Soma registrador a A Soma byte endereado por HL a A Soma dado imediato a A A = AND de A com registrador A = AND de A com byte endereado por HL A = AND de A com dado imediato Chamada de sub-rotina CALL se CY = 1 CALL se S = 1 Complementa A Complementa CY Compara A com registrador Compara A com byte endereado por HL CALL se CY = 0 CALL se Z = 0 CALL se S = 0 CALL se P = 1 (parity even) Compara A com dado imediato CALL se P = 0 (parity odd) CALL se Z = 1 Ajuste de A aps soma BCD Soma o par BC a HL Soma o par DE a HL Soma o par HL a HL Soma SP a HL Decrementa A Decrementa B Decrementa C Decrementa D Decrementa E Decrementa H Decrementa L Decrementa byte endereado por HL Decrementa par de registradores ou SP Desabilita interrupes Habilita interrupes Pra o processamento L byte do end. de I/O fornecido p/ A Incrementa A Incrementa B Incrementa C Incrementa D Incrementa E Incrementa H Incrementa L Incrementa byte endereado por HL Incrementa par de registradores ou SP Desvia se CY = 1 Desvia se S = 1 Desvio incondicional Desvia se CY = 0 Desvia se Z = 0 Desvia se S = 0 Desvia se P = 1 (parity even) Desvia se P = 0 (parity odd) Desvia se Z = 1 L byte do endereo fornecido para A L byte endereado pelo par BC para A L byte endereado pelo par DE para A
r M end end end end dado end end B D H SP A B C D E H L M p
end A B C D E H L M p end end end end end end end end end end B D
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Mnem. LHLD LXI MOV MOV MOV MOV MOV MOV MOV MOV MOV MVI MVI NOP ORA ORA ORI OUT PCHL POP POP PUSH PUSH RAL RAR RC RET RIM RLC RM RNC RNZ RP RPE RPO RRC RST 0 RST 1 RST 2 RST 3 RST 4 RST 5 RST 6 RST 7 RZ SBB SBB SBI SHLD SIM SPHL STA STAX STAX STC SUB SUB SUI XCHG XRA XRA XRI XTHL Operando end p,dado A,r B,r C,r D,r E,r H,r L,r M,r r,M r,dado M,dado r M dado endereo p PSW p PSW Opcode 2A 01,11,21,31 78-7F 40-47 48-4F 50-57 58-5F 60-67 68-6F 70-77 46,4E,...,7E 06,0E,...,3E 36 00 B0-B7 B6 F6 D3 E9 C1-D1-E1 F1 C5-D5-E5 F5 17 1F D8 C9 20 07 F8 D0 C0 F0 E8 E0 0F C7 CF D7 DF E7 EF F7 FF C8 98-9F 9E DE 22 30 F9 32 02 12 37 90-97 96 D6 EB A8-AF AE EE E3 ZSPCA --------------------------------------------------------***00 ***00 ***00 ------------***** -----------*---*---------------*---------------------------*------------------------------------***** ***** ***** ---------------------------1***** ***** ***** ----***00 ***00 ***00 -----

r M dado endereo
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Descrio L word do endereo fornecido para HL Copia dado imediato para par de regs Copia reg para A Copia reg para B Copia reg para C Copia reg para D Copia reg para E Copia reg para H Copia reg para L Copia reg para o byte endereado por HL Copia byte endereado por HL para reg Copia dado imediato para reg Copia dado para o byte endereado por HL Operao nula A = OU de A com registrador A = OU de A com byte endereado por HL A = OU de A com dado imediato Escreve A no endereo de I/O fornecido Copia HL para PC (causa um desvio) Desempilha um word e coloca no par p Desempilha um word e coloca em PSW Empilha par p Empilha PSW Rotaciona A + CY para a esquerda Rotaciona A + CY para a direita RET se CY = 1 Desempilha word e coloca em PC Copia a mscara de interrupo para A Rotaciona A esquerda; CY = MSB de A RET se S = 1 RET se CY = 0 RET se Z = 0 RET se S = 0 RET se P = 1 (parity even) RET se P = 0 (parity odd) Rotaciona A direita; CY = LSB de A Interrupo de software 0; PC = 0000H Interrupo de software 1; PC = 0008H Interrupo de software 2; PC = 0010H Interrupo de software 3; PC = 0018H Interrupo de software 4; PC = 0020H Interrupo de software 5; PC = 0028H Interrupo de software 6; PC = 0030H Interrupo de software 7; PC = 0038H RET se Z =1 Subtrai r e CY de A Subtrai byte endereado por HL e CY de A Subtrai dado imediato e CY de A Copia par HL para os bytes end e end+1 Copia A para a mscara de interrupo Copia HL para SP (afeta topo da pilha) Copia A para o endereo fornecido Copia A para o byte endereado por BC Copia A para o byte endereado por DE Seta CY Subtrai r de A Subtrai byte endereado por HL de A Subtrai dado imediato de A Permuta pares HL e DE A = XOR de A com r A = XOR de A com byte endereado por HL A = XOR de A com dado imediato Permuta HL com word no topo da pilha

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Short name a c d e p r s sr sy t Flag OF DF IF TF SF ZF AF PF CF Affected? Short O D I T S Z A P C -/*/0/1/? Meaning Address Count Destination Expression or string I/O port Register Source Segment register (CS,DS,SS,ES) Symbol Type of symbol Meaning Overflow Flag (Bit 11) Direction Flag (Bit 10) Interrupt enable Flag (Bit 9) Trap Flag (Bit 8) Sign Flag (Bit 7) Zero Flag (Bit 6) Auxiliary carry Flag (Bit 4) Parity Flag (Bit 2) Carry Flag (Bit 0) Unaffected/affected/reset/set/unknown Function Align to word boundary Assume segment register name(s) Remove all former assumptions Define Byte(s) Define Byte Storage Define Double Word(s) Define Double Word Storage Define Word(s) Define Word Storage End and entry point of program External(s)(t=ABS/BYTE/DWORD/FAR/NEAR/WORD) Label (t=BYTE/DWORD/FAR/NEAR/WORD) Procedure (t=FAR/NEAR, default NEAR)
Name ALIGN ASSUME sr:sy(,...) ASSUME NOTHING DB e(,...) DBS e DD e(,...) DDS e DW e(,...) DWS e END <label> EXT (sr:)sy(t) LABEL t PROC t

7LSRV
ABS BYTE DWORD FAR HIGH LENGTH LOW NEAR OFFSET PTR SEGMENTO SHORT SIZE THIS TYPE WORD Absolute value of operand Byte type operation Double Word operation IP and CS registers altered High-order 8 bits of 16-bit value Number of basic units Low-order 8 bit of 16-bit value Only IP register need be altered Offset portion of an address Create a variable or label Segment of address One byte for a JMP operation Number of bytes defined by statement Create a variable/label of specified type Number of bytes in the unit defined Word operation
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Mnemonic AAA AAD AAM S ADC d,s ADD d,s AND d,s CALL a CBW CLC CLD CLI CMC CMP d,s CMPS CWD DAA DAS DEC d DIV s ESC s HLT IDIV s IMUL s IN d,p INC d INT INTO IRET JB/JNAE a JBE/JNA a JCXZ a JE/JZ a JL/JNGE a JLE/JNG a ODITSZAPC ?---??*?* ?---**?*? ?---**?*? ?---??*?* *---***** *---***** *---**?** ------------------------0 -0--------0-------------* *---***** *---***** --------?---***** ?---***** *---****?---????? ----------------?---????? *---????* --------*---****--00------**----********* ------------------------------------------------Description ASCII Adjust for Add in AX ASCII Adjust for Divide in AX ASCII Adjust for Multiply in AX ASCII Adjust for Subtract in AX Add with Carry Add Logical AND Call Convert Byte to Word in AX Clear Carry Clear Direction (increment) Clear Interrupt Complement Carry Compare Compare memory at SI and DI Convert Word to Double in AX,DX Decimal Adjust for Add in AX Decimal Adjust for Subtract in AX Decrement Divide (unsigned) in AX(,DX) Escape (to external device) Halt Divide (signed) in AX(,DX) Multiply (signed) in AX(,DX) Input Increment Interrupt Interrupt on Overflow Interrupt Return Jump on Below/Not Above or Equal Jump on Below or Equal/Not Above Jump on CX Zero Jump on Equal/Zero Jump on Less/Not Greater or Equal Jump on Less or Equal/Not Greater
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Mnemonic JMP a JNB/JAE a JNBE/J a JNL/JGE a JNE/JNZ a JNLE/JG a JNO a JNP/JPO a JNS a JO a JP/JPE a JS a LAHF LDS r,s LEA r,s LES r,s LOCK LODS LOOP a LOOPNZ/LOOPNE a LOOPZ/LOOPE a MOV d,s MOVS MUL s NEG d NOP NOT d OR d,s OUT p,s POP d POPF PUSH s PUSHF RCL d,c RCR d,c REP/REPNE/REPNZ REPE/REPZ RET (s) ROL d,c ROR d,c SAHF SAR d,c SBB d,s SCAS SEG r SHL/SAL d,c SHR d,c STC STD STI STOS SUB d,s TEST d,s WAIT XCHG r(,d) XLAT XOR d,s ODITSZAPC ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------*---????* *---***** ----------------*---**?** ----------------********* ----------------*-------* *-------* -------------------------------*-------* ----***** *---**?** *---***** *---***** --------*---**?** *---**?** --------1 -1--------1-------------*---***** *---**?** ------------------------*---**?** Description Unconditional Jump Jump on Not Below/Above or Equal Jump on Not Below or Equal/Above Jump on Not Less/Greater or Equal Jump on Not Equal/Not Zero Jump on Not Less or Equal/Greater Jump on Not Overflow Jump on Not Parity/Parity Odd Jump on Not Sign Jump on Overflow Jump on Parity/Parity Even Jump on Sign Load AH with 8080 Flags Load pointer to DS Load EA to register Load pointer to ES Bus Lock prefix Load memory at SI into AX Loop CX times Loop while Not Zero/Not Equal Loop while Zero/Equal Move Move memory at SI to DI Multiply (unsigned) in AX(,DX) Negate No Operation (= XCHG AX,AX) Logical NOT Logical inclusive OR Output Pop Pop Flags Push Push Flags Rotate through Carry Left Rotate through Carry Right Repeat/Repeat Not Equal/Not Zero Repeat Equal/Zero Return from call Rotate Left Rotate Right Store AH into 8080 Flags Shift Arithmetic Right Subtract with Borrow Scan memory at DI compared to AX Segment register Shift logical/Arithmetic Left Shift logical Right Set Carry flag Set Direction flag (decrement) Set Interrupt flag Store AX into memory at DI Subtract AND function to flags Wait Exchange Translate byte to AL Logical Exclusive OR

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PILHA SEGMENT STACK DB 128 DUP(?) PILHA ENDS DADOS SEGMENT MSG1 DB Este programa DADOS ENDS CODIGO SEGMENT ASSUME CS:CODIGO, INICIO: MOV AX,DADOS MOV DS,AX ; MOV AH,09H LEA DX,MSG1 ; INT 21H ; MOV AH,4CH ; INT 21H CODIGO ENDS END INICIO
tem formato .exe.$
DS:DADOS, SS:PILHA Inicializacao de DS Aponta para o texto Escreve MSG1 na tela Termina e retorna ao DOS
9HUVmRFRP
CODIGO SEGMENT ASSUME CS:CODIGO, ORG 100H INICIO: MOV AH,09H LEA DX, MSG1 ; INT 21H ; MOV AH,4CH ; INT 21H MSG1 DB Este programa CODIGO ENDS END INICIO DS:CODIGO Aponta para o texto Escreve MSG1 na tela Termina e retorna ao DOS tem formato .com.$
$QH[R$GLUHWLYD$6680(
$ GLUHWLYD $6680( DVVRFLD XP UHJLVWUDGRU GH VHJPHQWR D XP VHJPHQWR GHWHUPLQDGR (VWD DVVRFLDomR SRGH SDUHFHU D SULQFtSLR GHVQHFHVViULD PDV p H[WUHPDPHQWH~WLOHPVLWXDo}HVFRPRDH[SOLFDGDDVHJXLU 6XSRQKD XP SURJUDPD TXH XWLOL]H RV GRLV VHJPHQWRV GH GDGRV DSUHVHQWDGRV DEDL[RHTXHSUHWHQGDHQGHUHoDU'$'26YLD'6H'$'26YLD(6
DADOS1 X1 Y1 Z1 DADOS1 DADOS2 X2 Y2 Z2 DADOS2 SEGMENT DB 01 DB 01 DB 01 ENDS SEGMENT DB 02 DB 02 DB 02 ENDS
2JUDQGHEHQHItFLRGDGLUHWLYD$6680(HVWiHPGLVSHQVDURSURJUDPDGRUGH HVFUHYHURSUHIL[RGHPRGLILFDomRGHVHJPHQWRVHJPHQWRYHUULGHSUHIL[QDV LQVWUXo}HVTXHUHIHUHQFLDPGDGRVIRUDGRVHJPHQWRGHIDXOW 6HLVWRQmRIRVVHDVVLPHQWmRDVLQVWUXo}HVGHDFHVVRjVYDULiYHLV;<H= SUHFLVDULDP LQFOXLU R SUHIL[R GH PRGLILFDomR GH VHJPHQWR (6 FRPR SRU H[HPSORHP
MOV AL,ES:X2
TXHRDVVHPEOHUFRQVWUXLULDFRPR
MOV AL,ES:[0000H]
HPTXH+pRRIIVHWGDYDULiYHO;

(VWDDERUGDJHPWHULDGXDVJUDQGHVGHVYDQWDJHQV VHRSUHIL[RIRVVHHVTXHFLGRRDVVHPEOHUDLQGDXWLOL]DULDRRIIVHWGDYDULiYHO ;PDVJHUDULDRFyGLJR

MOV AL,[0000H]
HDFDEDULDHQGHUHoDQGRDYDULiYHO; VHDYDULiYHO;SUHFLVDVVHVHUPXGDGDSDUDRVHJPHQWR'$'26HQWmRR SURJUDPDGRU WHULD TXH SHUFRUUHU D OLVWDJHP H UHWLUDU R SUHIL[R GH PRGLILFDomRGHVHJPHQWRGHWRGDVDVLQVWUXo}HVTXHUHIHUHQFLDVVHP;GD PHVPD IRUPD XPD YDULiYHO SDVVDGD GR VHJPHQWR '$'26 SDUD R VHJPHQWR'$'26WHULDTXHUHFHEHURSUHIL[RHPWRGDVDVLQVWUXo}HVTXH DUHIHUHQFLDVVHP &RP D GLUHWLYD $6680( SRUpP QmR p QHFHVViULR XWLOL]DU R SUHIL[R GH PRGLILFDomR GH VHJPHQWR TXDQGR VH UHIHUHQFLD XPD YDULiYHO SHOR QRPH 2 DVVHPEOHUSURFXUDRQRPHGDYDULiYHOQRVVHJPHQWRVHJHUDRFyGLJRFRPR SUHIL[R GH PRGLILFDomR GH VHJPHQWR VH QHFHVViULR PHVPR TXH HVWH QmR DSDUHoDQRFyGLJRIRQWH (P WHUPRV GR H[HPSOR DQWHULRU LVWR VLJQLILFD TXH R FyGLJR JHUDGR SDUD D LQVWUXomR
MOV AL,Y2
VHULD
MOV AL,ES:[0001].
0DLV DLQGD VH < IRVVH PRYLGD SDUD R VHJPHQWR '$'26 R DVVHPEOHU SDVVDULD D JHUDU R FyGLJR FRUUHWR VHP SUHFLVDU GH TXDOTXHU DOWHUDomR QR SURJUDPDIRQWH $ WtWXOR GH H[HUFtFLR H[SHULPHQWH PRQWDU R SURJUDPD D VHJXLU JHUDQGR D OLVWDJHP /67 1HVWD OLVWDJHP REVHUYH TXH DR UHIHUHQFLDU DV YDULiYHLV GR VHJPHQWR '$'26 SDUD R TXDO YDOH $6680( (6 R PRQWDGRU LQFOXL DXWRPDWLFDPHQWH R SUHIL[R GH PRGLILFDomR GH VHJPHQWR UHFRQKHFtYHO SHOR FyGLJRKH[DGHFLPDO+([SHULPHQWHUHWLUDUDGLUHWLYDRXPXGDUYDULiYHLVGH XPVHJPHQWRRXWURDFRPSDQKDQGRRTXHRDVVHPEOHUID]
PILHA PILHA DADOS1 X1 Y1 Z1 DADOS1 SEGMENT STACK DB 128 DUP (?) ENDS SEGMENT DB 01 DB 01 DB 01 ENDS
$GLUHWLYD$6680(
DADOS2 X2 Y2 Z2 DADOS2 CODIGO START: SEGMENT DB 02 DB 02 DB 02 ENDS SEGMENT ASSUME CS:CODIGO, SS:PILHA, DS:DADOS1, ES:DADOS2 MOV AX,DADOS1 MOV DS,AX MOV AX,DADOS2 MOV ES,AX MOV X1,11H MOV Y1,11H MOV Z1,11H MOV X2,22H MOV Y2,22H MOV Z2,22H MOV AH,4CH ; TERMINAR INT 21H ENDS END START

CODIGO

$QH[R3URJUDPDVFRP P~OWLSORVDUTXLYRV
4XDQGR VH WUDEDOKD FRP SURMHWRV PDLRUHV GHVHQYROYLGRV HP HTXLSH p LQWHUHVVDQWH GLVWULEXLU DV WDUHIDV GH LPSOHPHQWDomR GH FyGLJR 3DUD WDQWR DV IHUUDPHQWDVGHVRIWZDUHDVVHPEOHUOLQNHUGHYHPVHUFDSD]HVGH PRQWDU VHSDUDGDPHQWH GLIHUHQWHV DUTXLYRVIRQWH TXH UHIHUHQFLHP GDGRV H VXEURWLQDVXQVGRVRXWURV UHXQLU RV DUTXLYRVREMHWR JHUDGRV GHVWD IRUPD QXP ~QLFR DUTXLYR H[HFXWiYHO ([LVWHPDTXLGRLVSUREOHPDVFXMDVROXomRpGHVFULWDDVHJXLU 2SULPHLURSUREOHPDDSDUHFHTXDQGRXPDUTXLYRIRQWHUHIHUHQFLDXPVtPEROR GHFODUDGR HP RXWUR DUTXLYR 1HVWH FDVR VH QDGD IRU IHLWR R DVVHPEOHU JHUD XPDPHQVDJHPGHHUURUHFODPDQGRGRVtPERORGHVFRQKHFLGR3DUDHYLWDUTXH HVWHHUURVHMDJHUDGRXWLOL]DVHDGLUHWLYD(;751TXHGL]DRDVVHPEOHUSDUD LJQRUDURHUURSURPHWHQGROKHTXHROLQNHUHQFRQWUDUiRVtPERORPDLVWDUGH $VLQWD[HGDGLUHWLYDp (;751QRPHGRVtPERORH[WHUQR!WLSRGRVtPERORH[WHUQR! 3RUH[HPSORVHXPDUTXLYRIRQWHFRQWpPDOLQKD &$//)$53756+2:06* H6+2:06*pXPDVXEURWLQDGHILQLGDHPRXWURDUTXLYRHQWmRDGLUHWLYD (;7516+2:06*)$5 GHYHVHUFRORFDGD QR LQtFLR GR VHJPHQWR GH FyGLJR TXH FRQWpP R &$// 2 DVVHPEOHUJHUDUiHQWmRRFyGLJRFRUUHVSRQGHQWHD&$//FDEHQGR DR OLQNHU FRUULJLU R HQGHUHoR GH FKDPDGD TXDQGR UHXQLU RV GLIHUHQWHV DUTXLYRVREMHWR 2VHJXQGRSUREOHPDTXHWHPTXHVHUUHVROYLGRpTXHSRUGHIDXOWROLQNHUQmR WHPDFHVVRDRVVtPERORVGHFODUDGRVGHQWURGHXPDUTXLYRIRQWH3RUWDQWRQR

H[HPSORDFLPDQmREDVWDTXHRDUTXLYRTXHFKDPDDVXEURWLQD6+2:06* VHMDOLQNDGRFRPRDUTXLYRREMHWRTXHFRQWpPVXDLPSOHPHQWDomReSUHFLVR GL]HU DR DVVHPEOHU Mi QD JHUDomR GR FyGLJR REMHWR TXH GLYXOJXH R VtPEROR 6+2:06* SDUD TXH R OLQNHU SRVVD HQFRQWUiOR PDLV WDUGH ,VWR VH ID] FRORFDQGRDGLUHWLYD 38%/,&6+2:06* QRLQtFLRGRDUTXLYRIRQWH $VOLVWDJHQVDVHJXLULOXVWUDPRTXHIRLGLWR
2PyGXORSULQFLSDO
(VWHPyGXORFKDPDDVXEURWLQD6+2:06*GHILQLGDHPRXWURPyGXOR3RU LVVRSUHFLVDGDGLUHWLYD(;751
PILHA SEGMENT STACK DW 80H DUP(?) PILHA ENDS DADOS SEGMENT MSG1 DB 'Foi chamada uma rotina de outro segmento.$',0DH,0AH DADOS ENDS CODE SEGMENT ASSUME CS:CODE,DS:DADOS,SS:PILHA EXTRN SHOWMSG:FAR ; AQUI!! START: MOV AX,DADOS MOV DS,AX LEA AX,MSG1 PUSH AX CALL FAR PTR SHOWMSG ADD SP,2 MOV AH,4CH INT 21H CODE ENDS END START
3URJUDPDVFRPP~OWLSORVDUTXLYRV

2PyGXORFRPDVXEURWLQDDX[LOLDU
(VWHPyGXORGHILQHDVXEURWLQD6+2:06*FKDPDGDHPRXWURPyGXOR3RU LVVRSUHFLVDH[SRUWiODFRPDGLUHWLYD38%/,&
PUBLIC SHOWMSG AUXCODE SEGMENT ASSUME CS:AUXCODE SHOWMSG PROC FAR PUSH BP MOV BP,SP MOV AH,09H MOV DX,[BP+6] INT 21H POP BP RET SHOWMSG ENDP AUXCODE ENDS END ; AQUI!!
3DUD FULDU R SURJUDPD H[HFXWiYHO SULPHLUR VH PRQWDP RV PyGXORV FRP R DVVHPEOHUXPGHFDGDYH](PVHJXLGDFKDPDVHROLQNHUSDVVDQGROKHFRPR SDUkPHWURVRVQRPHV GRV GRLV DUTXLYRVREMHWR D H[WHQVmR QmR p QHFHVViULD 3RU GHIDXOW R QRPH GR DUTXLYR H[HFXWiYHO VHUi R PHVPR GR SULPHLUR DUTXLYRREMHWRSDVVDGR 3RU H[HPSOR VH RV PyGXORV DFLPD IRUHP VDOYRV FRPR 7HVWDVP H 6KRZ0VJDVPUHVSHFWLYDPHQWHDJHUDomRGRH[HFXWiYHO7HVWH[HVHID]FRP
MASM TEST,,,, MASM SHOWMSG,,,, LINK TEST SHOWMSG,,,,

$QH[R'LYLVmRGHQ~PHURV LQWHLURV
$ GLYLVmR GH Q~PHURV LQWHLURV HP SURJUDPDV HVFULWRV HP $VVHPEO\ p XP FDStWXORH[WHQVRTXH QmRVHUiDERUGDGRHPVXD WRWDOLGDGH DTXL1RHQWDQWRp PXLWR LQVWUXWLYR DSUHQGHU DR PHQRV FRPR VH ID] HVWD RSHUDomR HP DOJXQV FDVRV $ GLILFXOGDGH DVVRFLDGDDHVWDRSHUDomRpIUHTHQWHPHQWHVXEHVWLPDGD YLVWR TXH R OHLJR DVVXPH TXH D LQVWUXomR ',9 GR SURFHVVDGRU UHVROYHUi R SUREOHPD9HUHPRVDVHJXLUTXHLVWRQmRpDVVLPWmRVLPSOHV (PERUDRPDWHULDODSUHVHQWDGRDTXLVHMDLOXVWUDGRFRPFyGLJRSDUDRRV SULQFtSLRVVmRJHUDLVHSRGHPVHUDSOLFDGRVDRXWURVSURFHVVDGRUHV 2FRQMXQWRGHLQVWUXo}HVGRLQFOXLDLQVWUXomR',9TXHVHFRPSRUWDGH GXDVIRUPDVGLVWLQWDVGHSHQGHQGRGHRRSHUDQGRXWLOL]DGRVHUXPUHJLVWUDGRU GHRXGHELWV ',9UHJ!GLYLGH$;SHORUHJHFRORFDRTXRFLHQWHHP$/HRUHVWRHP $+ ',9UHJ!GLYLGH';$;SHORUHJHFRORFDRTXRFLHQWHHP$;HR UHVWRHP'; $ SULQFtSLR SRGH SDUHFHU TXH FRP D VHJXQGD DOWHUQDWLYD p SRVVtYHO GLYLGLU TXDOTXHUQ~PHURGHELWVSRURXWUR'HIDWRpSRVVtYHOGLYLGLUQ~PHURVGH ELWVSRUQ~PHURVGHELWVFRORFDQGRRVZRUGVTXHFRPS}HPRGLYLVRU HP '; H $; H R GLYLGHQGR SRU H[HPSOR HP %; H H[HFXWDQGR HQWmR D LQVWUXomR',9%; 1R HQWDQWR p LPSRUWDQWH FRQVLGHUDU TXH HVWD GLYLVmR Vy WHUi VXFHVVR VH R TXRFLHQWH IRU WDO TXH FDLED HP $; H SRUWDQWR PHQRU GR TXH + &DVR LVWR QmR DFRQWHoD R SURFHVVDGRU JHUD DXWRPDWLFDPHQWH XPD LQWHUUXSomR GH VRIWZDUH ,17 + DFXVDQGR RYHUIORZ GH GLYLVmR 3RU H[HPSOR D LQVWUXomR FLWDGD SRGH VHU XWLOL]DGD SDUD GLYLGLU + SRU + R TXRFLHQWH p

$+ H R UHVWR + PDV QmR SDUD GLYLGLU + SRU + FXMR TXRFLHQWHVHULD$%&+ 2TXHIRLGLWRDFLPDFRORFDSRUWDQWRRVHJXLQWHSUREOHPDFRPRXWLOL]DUGD PDQHLUD PDLV HILFLHQWH D LQVWUXomR ',9 SDUD ID]HU D GLYLVmR GH TXDOTXHU Q~PHUR GH ELWV SRU TXDOTXHU Q~PHUR GH ELWV" 2 WH[WR TXH VHJXH DSUHVHQWDXPDOJRULWPRFRPHVVDILQDOLGDGH 6HMD'XPQ~PHURGHELWVTXHGHYHVHUGLYLGLGRSRUGXPQ~PHURGH ELWV DPERV LQWHLURV VHP VLQDO (QWmR HVWDPRV LQWHUHVVDGRV HP FDOFXODU R TXRFLHQWHHRUHVWRGDGLYLVmR D d 1RWHTXHRQ~PHUR'SRGHVHUHVFULWRQDIRUPD D = 10000 H D1 + D0 HPTXH D1 H D0 VmRUHVSHFWLYDPHQWHRVZRUGVPDLVHPHQRVVLJQLILFDWLYRV GH' 1RWH WDPEpP TXH FRP D LQVWUXomR ',9 VHPSUH VHUi SRVVtYHO GLYLGLU GRLV Q~PHURV GH ELWV EDVWDQGR SDUD LVVR ID]HU '; + H FRORFDU R GLYLGHQGRHP$;3RULVVRpSRVVtYHOID]HUDGLYLVmR D1 d HHVFUHYHU D1 = q1d + r1 HP TXH q1 H r1 VmR UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH R TXRFLHQWH H R UHVWR GHVVD GLYLVmR &RORFDQGRHHPYHP 10000 H r1 + D0 D = 10000 H q1 + d d $HTXDomRUHSUHVHQWDRSULPHLURSDVVRGDGLYLVmR(PSDUWLFXODUHVWiQRV GL]HQGRTXHVHIRUSRVVtYHOID]HUDGLYLVmR 10000 H r1 + D0 d H VH R UHVXOWDGR GHVWD MDPDLV SDVVDU GH ))))+ HQWmR q1 p R ZRUG PDLV VLJQLILFDWLYRGRUHVXOWDGRSURFXUDGR
'LYLVmRGHQ~PHURVLQWHLURV

9HUHPRVDJRUDTXHpH[DWDPHQWHLVWRTXHDFRQWHFHSRUTXHDGLYLVmRQXQFD SRGHFDXVDURYHUIORZ3DUDWDQWRFRQVLGHUHTXHRPDLRUYDORUTXH r1 SRGHWHU p d 1 HTXHRPDLRUYDORUTXH D0 SRGHWHUp))))+(QWmR 10000 H r1 + D0 10000 H (d 1) + FFFFH d d TXHSRGHVHUWUDEDOKDGDSDUDVHFKHJDUD 10000 H r1 + D0 d 1 FFFFH + d d $ HTXDomR QRV GL] TXH R PDLRU TXRFLHQWH TXH SRGH VHU REWLGR FRPR UHVXOWDGRGHp))))+XPQ~PHURGHELWVHTXH PDLRUUHVWRp d 1 WDPEpP GH ELWV 3RU LVVR R FiOFXOR GH SRGH VHU IHLWR SHOD LQVWUXomR ',9FRORFDQGRVH r1 HP';H D0 HP $;(VWDGLYLVmRSHUPLWHHVFUHYHUR UHVXOWDGRGHFRPR 10000 H r1 + D0 = q 0 d + r0 d HPTXH q 0 H r0 VmRRTXRFLHQWHHRUHVWRGDGLYLVmRUHVSHFWLYDPHQWH &RORFDQGRHPYHP r0 D = 10000 H q1 + q 0 + d d TXH VLJQLILFD TXH D GLYLVmR WHP SRU TXRFLHQWH R Q~PHUR GH ELWV IRUPDGR SHORVZRUGV q1 H q 0 HTXHVHXUHVWRp r0 $HTXDomRSHUPLWHHQWmR HVFUHYHURVHJXLQWHDOJRULWPRSDUDID]HUDGLYLVmR SUHWHQGLGD ID]HU'; H$; D1 ID]HU%; G H[HFXWDU',9%;TXHFRORFD q1 HP$;H r1 HP'; VDOYDU q1 FRPRZRUGPDLVVLJQLILFDWLYRGRTXRFLHQWH FRORFDU D0 HP$;';SHUPDQHFHFRP r1 H[HFXWDUQRYDPHQWH',9%;TXHFRORFD q 0 HP$;H r0 HP'; VDOYDU q 0 FRPRZRUGPHQRVVLJQLILFDWLYRGRTXRFLHQWH VDOYDU r0 FRPRUHVWR 2 SURFHGLPHQWR DSUHVHQWDGR SRGH VHU JHQHUDOL]DGR SDUD GLYLGHQGRV PDLRUHV GRTXHELWV%DVWDFRPHoDUFRP'; H$; ZRUGPDLVVLJQLILFDWLYR HUHSHWLUDGLYLVmRDWpFKHJDUDRZRUGPHQRVVLJQLILFDWLYR

5HIHUrQFLDVELEOLRJUiILFDV
&RQFHLWRVEiVLFRVGH6LVWHPDV'LJLWDLV
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2XWURVOLYURVGHSURIHVVRUHVGR ((/8)6&
*HUDOGR.LQGHUPDQQ
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$WHUUDPHQWR(OpWULFR
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6LGQHL1RFHWL)LOKR
VLGQHL#OLQVHXIVFEU )LOWURV6HOHWRUHVGH6LQDLV(GLWRUDGD8)6&

Microprocessadores Conceitos Importantes-Roberto Ziller

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Microprocessadores Conceitos Importantes-Roberto Ziller

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