Available Online at http://www.recentscientific.

com

International Journal of Recent Scientific Research Vol. 4, Issue, 6, pp.1003 1004, July, 2013 ISSN: 0976-3031

International Journal of Recent Scientific Research

RESEARCH ARTICLE TREATMENT OF SEWAGE BY USING ECOFRIENDLY MICROBIAL SOLUTION REMOVAL

1Arunadevi,

P.S., *Pradeep kumar, K.V., Krishnan, R* and Nagarajan, K

*SNEHA an NGO, Sathyamangalam

ARTICLE INFO
Article History:
Received 13th, June, 2013 Received in revised form 25th, June, 2013 Accepted 14th, July, 2013 Published online 30th July, 2013

ABSTRACT
The use of microbial solution (MS) for reducing volumes of sewage sludge has been suggested as feasible method in the recent years. They are used in either wastewater treatment plants or in septic tanks. The benefits of using these organisms are supposed to eliminate the volume of sludge production, consequently lower costs and especially reduced impacts upon the environment. The aim of the present investigation is to test the efficiency of this Microbial Solution in treating sewage treatment plants. Two areas of experimentation were undertaken; one at sewage treatment plant in Divya Spinning Mill (DSM) of Erode District, Tamil Nadu and second at Malai Madeshwaran Temple (MMT) septic tank outlet of Chamrajnagar District, Karnataka.Results from DSM showed a significant reduction in BOD and COD in 12 hrs of aeration and addition of 2 lit of microbial solution, than that of the results obtained from 24 hrs aerated STP without MS. Similar conditions were observed in MMT treatment plant. In the second plant, high level of BOD reduction was achieved. A significant decrease in COD and TDS level was observed. However, there is no significant reduction in the suspended solids. Copy Right, IJRSR, 2013, Academic Journals. All rights reserved.

Key words: Sewage treatment - aeration - microbial solution

INTRODUCTION
A major problem faced by municipalities throughout the world is the treatment, disposal or recycling of sewage sludge. At present, mainly aerobic and conventional methods are used to reduce the organic constituents in the STP. Although this method of treatment is widely prevalent in our country, there are numerous concerns raised regarding the retention time, energy consumption and heterogeneous constituents of sewage.New technologies are being introduced to meet the environment regulations; one of these technologies being proposed is the use of Microorganisms. The technology of using Microorganisms was developed during the 1970s at the University of Ryukyus, Okinawa, Japan (Sangakkara, 2002). Studies have suggested that this technology may have a number of applications, including agriculture, livestock, gardening and landscaping, composting, bioremediation, cleaning septic tanks, algal control and household uses of microorganisms (MS Technology, 1998). The microbial solution is a multicultural of coexisting anaerobic and aerobic beneficial microorganisms.

Experimentation
The application of MS to the treatment plant was decided based on the volume of the treatment plant and the retention time of the effluent. If the retention time could be more than 3 days the MS and sewage was mixed in the ratio of 1:30,000, and if the retention time was lesser 1:10,000 MS and sewage was used.In the DSM, the daily production rate of effluent was 1 lakh l/day. Due to higher retention time (4 days) in the initial periods 3 liters of MS was added in addition to 24 hrs of aeration. During subsequent days, it was reduced to 2 l along with the reduced hours of aeration. Samples were taken from the outlets of each tank once in a week, after application of MS. The samples were analysed for their pH, BOD, COD, TSS and TDS content. The parameters were analysed based on the standard methods of water and wastewater analysis (APHA, 1998).

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Table 1 presents the results of 24 hrs aeration of STP and the results after addition of MS and reduced aeration time at DSM sewage treatment plant. Reduction of 50% aeration time with MS play vital role in parameter reductions. The 24 hrs aeration results in reduction of the parameters like TDS 58.3%, TSS 56.35%, BOD 92.4 % and COD 66%. During the subsequent days with reduced duration of aeration along with MS showed better results. The average reduction of parameters after addition of MS and reduced duration of aeration was TDS 65.4%, TSS 59%, BOD 94.3% and COD 79%. This data clearly indicate 12 hrs aeration with the addition of 2 liters of MS was effective in treating the sewage water by economically

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Preparation of Microbial Solution
Microbial Solution is available in a dormant state and it requires activation before application. Activation involves the addition of 50 l of decholrinated water and 0.8 kg of Jaggery to 1 l of dormant MS one week prior to application. This activated culture is called Extended Culture.

* Corresponding author: R. Krishnan SNEHA an NGO, Sathyamangalam

International Journal of Recent Scientific Research, Vol. 4, Issue, 7, pp. 1003 - 1004, July, 2013 Table 1 Effect of aeration and microbial solution at Divya Spinning Mill treatment
Date and Processing Method 30.05.2012 08.06.2012 14.05.2012 24hrs 20 Hrs 24 Hrs Aeration + 3 Aeration + 2 Aeration Alone liters of MS liters MS 7.21 7.32 7.27 920 740 780 96 92 96 25 12 16 150 60 90 16.08.2012 16 Hrs Aeration +2 liters MS 7.46 760 84 24 112

plant
22.06.2012 12 Hrs Aeration + 2 liters of MS 7.34 770 88 22 108

S.No

Parameters

14.05.2012 Raw water 7.83 2210 220 330 440

1 2 3 4 5

pH TDS TSS BOD COD

Table 2 Influence of microbial solution in MMT Hills septic tank outlet

S.No 1 2 3 4 5 Paramet er pH TDS TSS BOD COD Before Using Microbial Solution 22.06.2012 7.42 1810 130 340 432 After Using Microbial Solution 29.06.2012 7.36 1290 118 70 288 07.07.2012 7.53 1240 110 60 272 Permissible Limit of CPCB for irrigation 5.5 to 9.0 2100 -100 --

sustainable and eco friendly method. Higa and Chinen, (1998) suggested that the creation of an antioxidant environment by MS assisted in the enhancement of the solid-liquid separation, which is the foundation for cleaning water. This was confirmed by Freitag (2000), who suggested the beneficial organisms present in MS should decompose the organic matter by converting it into gaseous form or use it for growth and reproduction. Table 2 presents the effect of MS in the sewage at MMT treatment plant. The pH showed no much variation, even after one week of applying MS solution. The TDS showed a decrease after the addition of MS. This may be due to the accumulation of inorganic constituents by the MS for their growth and reproduction. However, the TSS level was not much reduced even after the addition of MS. Total solids of the STP were converted by MS as TSS, which can be separated by sand filter method and it can be used in agriculture as an organic fertilizer. An appreciable reduction of BOD and COD was achieved, and it met the permissible limits of CPCB for irrigation. This was strongly supported by the results of wastewater treatment plant with MS by Emad (2011). The report suggested that minimum aerobic effluent with MS that met the Egyptian effluent standards of COD. In addition to the above, the MS was effective in controlling the odour at appreciable levels. This may be due to microbes in the STP enhanced fermentation rather than putrefaction. .

It is suggested, that the use of Microbial Solution for the sewage treatment plants to decrease the organic matter with less cost input with positive environmental impacts and effective reuse of these wastes; a clean and green technology indeed.

References
APHA (1998). Standard Methods for the Examination of water and wastewater. 20thedition. American Public Health Association, Washington, DC. Emad A. (2011). Prospects of effective microorganism technology in wastes treatment in Egypt. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine. 243-248. Freitag DG. (2003). The use of Effective Microorganisms (EM) in organic waste management. Effective microorganisms 2003. [Online]. From:www.emtrading.com. Higa T. and Chinen N. (1998). EM treatments of odor, waste water and environmental problems. Okinawa, Japan: College of Agriculture, University of Ryukyus Kalchen R.K. and Brev I.S. (1999). Long-term eutrophication development in five coastal lakes of the Bulgarian Black sea region. Water Sci Technol., 39 (8), Sangakkara UR (2002). The technology of effective microorganisms -Case studies of application. Research Activities Cirencester, UK: Royal Agricultural College, Cirencester.

*******

1004