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Cooling and Sealing Air System

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HTCT 690 548 Var. 51 A

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Revision History
Revision Date Content of Change Document Pages total : 12

10-1-2003

Description edited and completed. Diagram HTCT 319 668 replaced with HTCT 319 668 A

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Contents
1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................... 1 1.1 Function ................................................................................................................ 1 1.2 Design ................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 Principle of Operation .......................................................................................... 1 1.3.1 Rotor Cooling and Bearing Sealing Air System MBH31 ...................................... 1 1.3.2 Cooling System for the Vane Carrier MBH32................................................... 2 1.3.3 Cooling and Sealing Air System for the Rotating Turbine Parts ....................... 2 1.3.4 Sealing Air for Compressor Inlet End ............................................................... 3 1.3.5 Cooling of the First Stage Turbine Vanes, the Vane Carrier, the Inlet Segments and the Inner Housing..................................................................... 3 1.3.6 Exhaust Bearing Area Ventilation System MBH50.............................................. 3 1.4 Safety and Monitoring Equipment ...................................................................... 4 2 APPENDICES............................................................................................................... 6 2.1 Designation of Parts ............................................................................................ 6 Diagram..HTCT 319 668 A n

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1 1.1

GENERAL DESCRIPTION Function

The cooling and sealing air system - protects the rotor and the parts of the gas turbine within the hot gas path from overheating - seals the cooling systems to prevent entry of hot gas - prevents unfiltered air from the compressor bearing from entering the compressor.

1.2

Design
Diagram HTCT 319 668A shows the design in schematic form. The main parts of the system are: - Rotor cooling and bearing sealing air system MBH31 - Cooling system for the vane carrier and turbine vanes MBH32 - Cooling and sealing air system for turbine and compressor MBH33 - Cooling of the first stage turbine vanes and the vane carrier above them - Cooling of the inlet segments and the inner housing - Cooling and sealing air system for the rotating parts of the turbine - Exhaust bearing ventilation system: Fans MBH50 AN001 and AN002 - Swing check flap MBH50 AA021 - Safety and monitoring equipment.

1.3
1.3.1

Principle of Operation
Rotor Cooling and Bearing Sealing Air System MBH31 The system cools the rotor in the bearing area and the rotor face at the turbine end and prevents exhaust gas from entering the bearing area. Fan MBH31 AN001 starts together with fan MBH50 AN001 at the beginning of program step flame on. Fan MBH31 AN001 draws air from the environment through air inlet filter MBH31 AT001, silencer MBH31 BS001 and blows the air through the piping system MBH31 to the rotor face at the turbine end.

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A portion of the air is directed through pipes with built in orifices to the bearing portion and the rotor, cooling them and flowing then between the bearing portion and the inner wall of the exhaust diffusor into the open. The remainder of the air flows to the rotor face cools the rotor face and prevents exhaust gas from entering into the bearing area. At the rotor face this cooling airflow is split. Part of this cooling air flows through the slot at the rotor face, enters the exhaust stream, thereby preventing exhaust gas from entering into the bearing area. The remaining air flows between the bearing portion and the inner wall of the exhaust diffusor into the open. After a shut-off, the fan remains in operation until the gas turboset has cooled down. 1.3.2 Cooling System for the Vane Carrier MBH32 The cooling air is bled after the ninth compressor stage and directed to the turbine vane carrier through four supply lines. The air enters the vane carrier at the back end and flows through the vanes of the second stage, cooling the vane carrier, the third stage vane roots and the second stage vanes. The air leaves the vanes through exit holes at the trailing edges and mixes with the hot gas. Cooling and Sealing Air System for the Rotating Turbine Parts In addition to the heat shield segments, which are integrated into the blade roots, to protect the rotor from direct contact with the hot gas, the rotor is also cooled with air taken from the compressor discharge end. A part of this cooling air is cooled down in cooler MBH33 AC001. Its flow is determined by orifice MBH33 BP001. The air needed for cooling the first two blade stages and the roots of the blades of the third stage is separated from the compressor discharge airflow. A part of this cooling air is directed into the rotor cover, which surrounds the rotor between the compressor and the turbine. The remainder is directed through orifice MBH33 BP001, cooler MBH33 AC001 and then through the four pipes which are also in the rotor cover, were it mixes with the uncooled cooling air. The main flow of this air passes through an annulus with turning vanes, which guide the airflow into cooling channels in the turbine inlet face of the rotor. A small remainder of the air passes the labyrinth seals and mixes then with the main cooling air between the turbine rotor inlet face and the cover. A small portion of this cooling air discharges between the turbine rotor inlet face and the cover into the hot gas, thereby preventing the ingress of hot gas into the cooling system.

1.3.3

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From the cooling channels in the rotor, a part of the airflow is directed through the first and second turbine blade stages cooling those blades and then discharging into the hot gas channel through exit holes at the trailing edge and the top of the blades. The remaining air flowing through various channels, cools the shaft and the blade roots with the integrated heat shield segments. Then this cooling air discharges between the heat shields and at the rotor face, at the end of the turbine into the hot gas stream. 1.3.4 Sealing Air for Compressor Inlet End The sealing air is bled from compressor MBA80 after the first compressor stage and directed through the sealing air channels in the rotor and through the labyrinth seals at the compressor inlet. The sealing air discharges into the area of the compressor bearing thereby preventing unfiltered air and oil vapors from entering into the compressor. Cooling of the First Stage Turbine Vanes, the Vane Carrier, the Inlet Segments and the Inner Housing Cooling air is taken from the compressor discharge end and flows through holes in the front portion of the vane carrier. A portion of the air is directed to the first turbine blade stage, and then discharges into the hot gas channel through exit holes at the trailing edge and the top of the blades. The remainder of the air is directed to the inlet segments in front of the vane carrier, discharging partly through exit holes into the hot gas channel and partly into the room between the inner and the intermediate housing. Cooling air also flows through additional openings in the compressor diffusor, close to the hot gas housing. This air is partly directed to the inlet portion before the first stage turbine vanes and discharges into the hot gas stream. The remainder flows in the room between the inner and the intermediate housing thereby cooling the inner housing. The air needed for cooling the first two blade stages and the roots of the third blade stage is separated from the compressor. Exhaust Bearing Area Ventilation System MBH50 The ventilation system for the turbine and the turbine bearing is switched on at the start of program step flame on, i.e. fans MBH50 AN001 is started. Fan MBH50 AN002, the smaller of the two fans is on standby. Fan MBH50 AN001 draws the air from the environment through air inlet filter MBH50 AT001 and blows the air through swing check flap MBH50 AA021 and the turbine bearing support. The warmed up air then flows around the

1.3.5

1.3.6

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turbine bearing portion MBD10, through the inner chamber of the exhaust diffusor, and out into the environment. If fan MBH31 AN001 fails, changeover to fan MBH31 AN002 is initiated automatically.

1.4

Safety and Monitoring Equipment

MBA30 CT010: Temperature measurement It monitors the cooling air temperature at the turbine end rotor face. If the temperature exceeds the set value, an alarm is initiated in the control room. MBA80 CP011: Measurement of pressure The sensor monitors the compressor discharge air pressure and displays it in the control room. If the pressure exceeds the set range an alarm is initiated in the control room MBA80 CP012 and CP013: Measurement of pressure The sensors monitor the compressor discharge pressure and display it in the control room. If the pressure exceeds the set range an alarm is initiated in the control room MBA80 CT001, CT002, CT003 and CT004: Measurements of temperature The sensors monitor the compressor discharge air temperature and display it in the control room. MBH31 CP012: Measurement of pressure The sensor monitors the pressure after fan MBH31 AN001 and displays it in the control room. If it drops below the preset value it initiates an alarm in the control room and after a preset time delay a PLS (protective load shedding). MBH33 CP011: Measurement of differential pressure The sensor monitors the differential pressure between the cooling air nozzles at the turbine inlet and the compressor discharge end. The pressure is displayed in the control room. If it exceeds the set range, an alarm is initiated in the control room. MBH33 CT001: Measurement of temperature It monitors the cooling air temperature after cooler MBH33 AC001. If the temperature exceeds the set value, an alarm is initiated in the control room.

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MBH40 CT011 and CT012: Measurements of temperature The sensors monitor the cooling air temperature just before the high-pressure turbine disk and display it in the control room. If only one of the temperatures exceeds the preset value, an alarm is initiated in the control room. If only one of the temperatures exceeds the preset maximum value, a load shedding of the gas turboset is initiated. MBH50 AA021 H and L: Limit switches to flaps MBH50 AA021. MBH50 CP011 and CP012: Measurements of pressure Limit switch MBH50 AA021H monitors the open position and limit switch MBH50 AA021L monitors the closed position of flap MBH50 AA021. Measurements MBH50 CP011 and CP012 monitor the pressure after the corresponding fan MBH50 AN001 and AN002. During operation of fan MBH50 AN001 the flap MBH50 AA021 is in the open position due to the fan pressure. The pressure after the fans is higher then the preset levels. During operation of fan MBH50 AN002 the flap is in the closed position. The pressure after the fans is slightly higher than the preset alarm levels. Malfunctions and possible actions: Fan MBH50 Pres MBH50
AN001 AN002 on off on on on off off off off on off off off on on on CP011 CP012 high low high low low low low low low high low low low low low low

Flap position
MBH50 AA021 open closed not open open not open not closed closed not closed

Operation
normal operation normal operation A, fan 01 off, 02 on A, fan 01 off, 02 on A, fan 01 off, 02 on PLS after time delay PLS after time delay PLS after time delay

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Measuring points MBA80 CP016, MBH32 CF001 to CF004, MBH32 CP011 to CP014, MBH32 CT001 to CT004, MBH33 CF001 and CP010, MBH34 CP001 AND CP003, MBH80 CP011 and CP012 are provided for commissioning, maintenance, and service.

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2 2.1

APPENDICES Designation of Parts

KKS-No. MBA30 MBA30 CT010 MBA80 MBA80 CP011 MBA80 CP012 MBA80 CP013 MBA80 CT001 MBA80 CT002 MBA80 CT003 MBA80 CT004 MBH MBH31 MBH31 AH001 MBH31 AN001 MBH31 AT001 MBH31 BS001 MBH31 CP012 MBH32 MBH32 CF001 MBH32 CF002 MBH32 CF003 MBH32 CF004 MBH32 CP011 MBH32 CP012 MBH32 CP013 MBH32 CP014 MBH32 CT001 MBH32 CT002 MBH32 CT003 MBH32 CT004 MBH33 MBH33 AA201 MBH33 AC001 MBH33 AH001 MBH33 AH002 MBH33 AH003 Designation Turbine Measurement of temperature Compressor Measurement of pressure Measurement of pressure Measurement of pressure Measurement of compressor end temperature Measurement of compressor end temperature Measurement of compressor end temperature Measurement of compressor end temperature Cooling and sealing air system Rotor cooling and bearing sealing air system Standstill heater to motor winding, seal air fan Fan, rotor cooling and bearing sealing air Filter, cooling and sealing air inlet Silencer, cooling and sealing air inlet Measurement of cooling and sealing air pressure Cooling air system for vane carrier Measuring point for cooling air flow Measuring point for cooling air flow Measuring point for cooling air flow Measuring point for cooling air flow Measuring point for cooling air pressure Measuring point for cooling air pressure Measuring point for cooling air pressure Measuring point for cooling air pressure Measuring point for cooling air pressure temperature Measuring point for cooling air pressure temperature Measuring point for cooling air pressure temperature Measuring point for cooling air pressure temperature Cooling and sealing air for turbine and compressor Drain and purge valve for condens water Cooler, rotor cooling air Standstill heater, motor winding fan 1 Standstill heater, motor winding fan 2 Standstill heater, motor winding fan 3

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MBH33 AH004 MBH33 AN001 MBH33 AN002 MBH33 AN003 MBH33 AN004 MBH33 BP001 MBH33 CF001 MBH33 CP010 MBH33 CP011 MBH33 CT001 MBH34 CP001 MBH34 CP003 MBH40 CT011 MBH40 CT012 MBH50 MBH50 AA021 MBH50 AA021H MBH50 AA021L MBH50 AN001 MBH50 AN002 MBH50 AT001 MBH50 AT002 MBH50 CP011 MBH50 CP012 MBH80 CP011 MBH80 CP012

Standstill heater, motor winding fan 4 Fan 1 Fan 2 Fan 3 Fan 4 Orifice Measuring point for cooling air flow Measuring point for pressure Measurement of differential pressure Measurement of cooling air tempeature Measuring point for differential pressure Measuring point for differential pressure Measurement of temperature turbine rotor entry face Measurement of temperature turbine rotor entry face Exhaust bearing area ventilation system Swing check flap after fan 1 Limit switch Open Limit switch Closed Fan 1, exhaust bearing Fan 2, exhaust bearing Filter, air inlet Filter, air inlet Measurement of air pressure after fan 1 Measurement of air pressure after fan 2 Measuring point for differential pressure, combustor Measuring point for differential pressure, combustor

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HTCT 690 548 Var. 51 A

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