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Floating production storage and offloading

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

A floating production, storage and offloading (FPSO) unit is a floating vessel used by the offshore oil and gas industry for the processing of hydrocarbons and for storage of oil. An FPSO vessel is designed to receive hydrocarbons produced from nearby platforms or subsea template, process them, and store oil until it can be offloaded onto a tanker or, less frequently, transported through a pipeline. FPSOs are preferred in frontier offshore regions as they are easy to install, and do not require a local pipeline infrastructure to export oil. FPSOs can be a conversion of an oil tanker or can be a vessel built specially for the application. A vessel used only to store oil (without processing it) is referred to as a floating storage and offloading vessel (FSO).
FPSO Mystras at work off the shore of Nigeria

Contents
1 History 2 Mechanisms 3 Advantages 4 Specific types 5 Vessels 5.1 Records 5.2 Current FPSOs 6 References 7 External links

FPSO Crystal Ocean moored at the Port of Melbourne

History
Oil has been produced from offshore locations since the late 1940s. Originally, all oil platforms sat on the seabed, but as exploration moved to deeper waters and more distant locations in the 1970s, floating production systems came to be used. The first oil FPSO was the Shell Castellon, built in Spain in 1977. Today, over 200 vessels are deployed worldwide as oil FPSOs. In addition to the significant growth of this market sector, we are witnessing today the progressive extension of the significant knowledge base of building and operating these floating facilities to provide solutions for other segments of the oil and gas industry.
The circular FPSO Sevan Voyageur moored at Nymo yard at Eydehavn, Norway.

As an example, the Sanha LPG FPSO, which operates offshore Angola, is the first such vessel with complete onboard liquefied petroleum gas processing and export facilities. It can store up to 135,000 cubic meters of LPG while awaiting export tankers for offloading.[1] Another very promising expansion is the progressive development of the floating LNG (FLNG) market. An LNG FPSO works under the same principles an oil FPSO works under, taking the well stream and separating out the natural gas (primarily methane and ethane) and producing LNG, which is stored and offloaded. On July 29, 2009, Shell and Samsung announced an agreement to build up to 10 LNG FPSOs:[2] Flex LNG has four contracts for smaller units at the same yard.[3] As a very significant and momentous event, on May 20, 2011, Royal Dutch Shell announced the planned development of a Floating Liquefied Natural Gas (FLNG) facility, which will be situated 200 km off the coast of Western Australia and is due for completion in around 2017.[4] When it is finished, this will be the largest floating offshore facility. It will measure around 488m long and 74m wide, and when fully ballasted will weigh 600,000 tonnes.[5] It will have a total storage capacity of 436,000 cubic metres of LNG, plus LPG condensate. At the opposite (discharge and regasification) end of the LNG chain, the first ever conversion of an LNG carrier (Golar LNG owned Moss type LNG carrier) into an LNG floating storage and regasification unit was carried out in 2007 by Keppel shipyard in Singapore.[6]

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Mechanisms
Oil produced from offshore production platforms can be transported to the mainland either by pipeline or by tanker. When a tanker is chosen to transport the oil, it is necessary to accumulate oil in some form of storage tank such that the oil tanker is not continuously occupied during oil production, and is only needed once sufficient oil has been produced to fill the tanker. At this point the transport tanker connects to the stern of the storage unit and offloads oil.[citation needed]

Advantages
Floating production, storage and offloading vessels are particularly effective in remote or FPSO diagram deepwater locations where seabed pipelines are not cost effective. FPSOs eliminate the need to lay expensive long-distance pipelines from the processing facility to an onshore terminal. This can provide an economically attractive solution for smaller oil fields which can be exhausted in a few years and do not justify the expense of installing a pipeline. Furthermore, once the field is depleted, the FPSO can be moved to a new location.[citation needed]

Specific types
A floating storage and offloading unit (FSO) is essentially a simplified FPSO without the capability for oil or gas processing. Most FSOs are converted single hull supertankers. An example is Knock Nevis, ex Seawise Giant, for many years the world's largest ship, which has been converted to an FSO for use offshore Qatar.[citation needed] At the other end of the LNG logistics chain, where the natural gas is brought back to ambient temperature and pressure, specially modified ships may also be used as floating storage and regasification units (FSRUs). A LNG floating storage and regasification unit receives liquefied natural gas (LNG) from offloading LNG carriers, and the onboard regasification system provides natural gas exported to shore through risers and pipelines. Mooring systems for FSO, FPSO & FSU units are available in market which allow the vessel to be moored on a ice sheet.
[citation needed]

Vessels
Records
The FPSO operating in the deepest waters is the FPSO BW Pioneer, built and operated by BW Offshore on behalf of Petrobras Americas INC. The FPSO is moored at a depth of 2,600 m in Block 249 Walker Ridge in the US Gulf of Mexico and is rated for 100,000 bbl/d (16,000 m3/d). The EPCI contract was awarded in October 2007, and production started in early 2012. The FPSO conversion was carried out at Keppel Shipyard Tuas in Singapore, while the topsides were fabricated in modules at various international vendor locations. The FPSO has a disconnectable turret (APL). The vessel can disconnect in advance of hurricanes and reconnect with minimal down time.[citation needed] One of the world's largest FPSO is the Kizomba A, with a storage capacity of 2.2 million FPSO Firenze moored at Hellenic barrels (350,000 m3). Built at a cost of over US$800 million by Hyundai Heavy Industries in Shipyards, 2007 Ulsan, Korea, it is operated by Esso Exploration Angola (ExxonMobil). Located in 1200 meters (3,940 ft) of water at Deepwater block 200 statute miles (320 km) offshore in the Atlantic Ocean from Angola, Central Africa, it weighs 81,000 tonnes and is 285 meters long, 63 meters wide, and 32 meters high (935 ft by 207 ft (63 m) by 105 ft).[7] The first FSO in the Gulf of Mexico, The FSO Ta'Kuntah, has been in operation since August 1998. The FSO, owned and operated by MODEC, is under a service agreement with PEMEX Exploration and Production. The FSO Ta'Kuntah was installed as part of the Cantarell Field Development. The field is located in the Bay of Campeche, offshore Mexico's Yucatn peninsula. The FSO Ta'Kuntah is a converted ULCC tanker with a SOFEC external turret mooring system, two flexible risers connected in a lazy-S

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configuration between the turret and a pipeline end manifold (PLEM) on the seabed, and a unique offloading system. The FSO is designed to handle 800,000 bbl/d (130,000 m3/d) with no allowance for downtime.[8] One of the world's smallest FPSO is the Crystal Ocean, operating in 137 m of water in the Bass Strait between Australia and Tasmania on the Basker Manta Field. It is leased by Roc Oil (Sydney-based international petroleum exploration and production company) from Rubicon Offshore and is operated on their behalf by AGR Asia Pacific; it is currently producing 5,000 bbl/d (790 m3/d).[citation needed] The FPSO in the shallowest water depth of just 13 m is the Armada Perkasa in the Okoro field in Nigeria, West Africa, for Afren Energy. This spread moored (fixed orientation) vessel uses 100 mm, 150 mm and 200 mm bore DeepFlex non-steel flexible risers in a double lazy wave formation (with weights and distributed buoyancy) to accommodate the large motion offsets in an environment of extreme waves and currents.[citation needed] The Skarv FPSO, developed and engineered by Aker Solutions for BP Norge, will be the most advanced and largest FPSO deployed in the Norwegian Sea, offshore Mid Norway. Skarv is a gas condensate and oil field development. The development will tie in five sub-sea templates, and the FPSO has capacity to include several smaller wells nearby in the future. The process plant on the vessel can handle about 19,000,000 cubic metres per day (670,000,000 cu ft/d) of gas and 13,500 cubic metres per day (480,000 cu ft/d).[9] An 80 km gas export pipe will tie in to sgard transport system. Aker Solutions (formerly Aker Kvaerner) developed the front-end design for the new floating production facility as well as the overall system design for the field and preparation for procurement and project management of the total field development.[10] The hull is an Aker Solutions proprietary "Tentechtm975" design.[11] BP also selected Aker Solutions to perform the detail engineering, procurement and construction management assistance (EPcma) for the Skarv field development. The EPcma contract covers detail engineering and procurement work for the FPSO topsides as well as construction management assistance to BP including hull and topside facilities. The production start for the field is scheduled for August 2011.[12] BP awarded the contract for fabrication of the Skarv FPSO hull to Samsung Heavy Industries in South Korea and the Turret contract to SBM. The FPSO has a length of 292m, breadth of 50.6m and is 29m deep and accommodate 100 people in single cabins. The hull will be delivered in January 2010.[10]

Current FPSOs
Data on operating FPSOs is reported each year in an annual survey.[13] Newbuild or Field Operator Conversion Startup year Vessel Designer /Operator

FPSO Vessel Name

Oilfield

Current Location Gulf of Guinea, Nigeria

Abo FPSO

Abo

Agip

Conversion

2003

Prosafe

Abu FSO Agbami FPSO Akpo FPSO

Abu Cluster

South China Sea, Peninsular Petronas Carigali Malaysia Star Deep Water Petroleum Gulf of Guinea, Nigeria Gulf of Suez, Egypt Total

Conversion

2005

MISC/FPSO Ventures Chevron

Nigeria

Newbuild

2008

Akpo

Newbuild

2009

Total Gemsa Petroleum Co

Al Zaafarana Warda FPSO Anasuria FPSO Anoa Natuna

Aker Solutions

Conversion Newbuild

1994 1996 1990

Teal, Teal South, North Sea, UK Shell Guillemot A Anoa Field, Natuna Sea Angsi Indonesia Premier Oil

Premier Oil,KN, Natuna Sea BV MISC/FPSO Ventures Bluewater Energy Services

Angsi FSO

South China Sea, Peninsular Talisman Malaysia North Sea, UK Nexen

Conversion

2005

Aoka Mizu

Ettrick

2009

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FPSO Vessel Name

Oilfield

Current Location

Newbuild or Field Operator Conversion

Startup year

Vessel Designer /Operator

Arco Ardjuna Ardjuna Oil FSO Field Armada Perkasa Armada Perdana sgard A Azurite FDPSO Okoro Setu Oyo sgard

West Java Sea, Pertamina Hulu Energy Indonesia Nigeria Nigeria North Sea, Norway Afren/AMNI Allied Energy/Agip Statoil Newbuild Conversion

1973 2009 2010 1999

Pertamina Bumi Armada Berhad Bumi Armada Berhad

Azurite

Atlantic, Republic of the Murphy Oil Congo Cte d'Ivoire CNR International S.A.R.L.

2009

Prosafe Production

Baobab Ivoirien Baobab Field MV10 FPSO Belanak Belanak Field

2005

MODEC KBR / J. Ray McDermott

South Natuna ConocoPhillips Sea, Indonesia North Atlantic Ocean, Woodside Petroleum Mauretania North Sea, UK Talisman Energy Bohai, China Gulf of Guinea, Nigeria ConocoPhillips

2004

Berge Helene(OIM Chinguetti Adarsh Shukla) Bleo Holm Bohai Ming Zhu FPSO Ross, Blake, Parry Penglai19-3, China

2006[citation needed]

1999[citation needed]

Bluewater Energy Services

2003[citation needed] CNOOC 2005[citation needed] Samsung Heavy Industries

Bonga FPSO Bonga

Shell

Brasil FPSO Roncador Bunga North Lukut & Kertas FPSO Penara Capixaba FPSO Captain FPSO Golfinho Captain

Campos Basin, Petrobras Brazil South China Sea, Peninsular Petronas Carigali Malaysia Esprito Santo Basin, Brazil Petrobras Conversion Newbuild

2002[citation needed] SBM Offshore 2004[citation needed] DPS/FPSO Ventures

2006[citation needed] SBM Offshore 1996[citation needed] 2006[citation needed] MISC/FPSO Ventures

North Sea, UK Chevron South China Sea, Peninsular Petrofac Malaysia Santos Basin, Brazil MODEC (for Petrobras)

Cendor FSO Cendor Cidade de Niteroi

Conversion

Jabuti, Brazil

Conversion

2009[citation needed] MODEC

Cidade do Rio de Espadarte Sul Janeiro Field MV14 FPSO Cidade de Golfinho II Vitoria FPSO Cuulong MV9 FPSO

Campos Basin, Petrobras Brazil Esprito Santo Basin, Brazil

Conversion

2007[citation needed] MODEC

Petrobras Cuulong Joint Operating Company (CLJOC)

Conversion

2007

Saipem

Su Tu Den Field Vietnam

Newbuild

2003

MODEC

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FPSO Vessel Name Dalia FPSO Dhirubhai 1 Erha Espadarte FPSO

Oilfield

Current Location

Newbuild or Field Operator Conversion Newbuild Conversion Newbuild Conversion

Startup year

Vessel Designer /Operator

Dalia MA-D6 OPL 209 Espadarte

South Atlantic Total Ocean, Angola Bay of Bengal, Reliance Industries India Limited Gulf of Benin, ExxonMobil Nigeria Campos Basin, Petrobras Brazil Campos Basin, Shell Americas Brazil Gulf of Guinea, Cte d'Ivoire Johor River, Malaysia

2006 2008 2006 2000

Total AFP

SBM Offshore SBM Offshore MISC Bhd

Espirito Espirito Santo Santo BC-10 (BC10) FPSO Espoir Ivorien Falcon FPSO Farwah Four Vanguard Gimboa FPSO Girassol FPSO Glas Dowr Espoir

Conversion

2009

CNR

Conversion

2002

Prosafe

Currently none Al-Jurf Woollybutt Gimboa Girassol JPDA

ExxonMobil

Conversion 2003 Conversion Conversion Newbuild Newbuild Newbuild 2003 2009 2001 2003 2006

SBM Offshore

Mediterranean, Total Libya Indian Ocean, Australia ENI

Premuda Saipem Total Bluewater Energy Services Maersk

South Atlantic Sonangol Ocean, Angola South Atlantic Total Ocean, Angola Timor Sea ENI

Global Dumbarton Producer III Greater Plutonio FPSO Griffin Venture FPSO Gryphon FPSO Hwene Brim FPSO

North Sea, UK Maersk

Block 18 Greater South Atlantic BP Plutonio Ocean, Angola Griffin, Chinook, Indian Ocean, Scindian Australia Gryphon Pierce

Newbuild

2007

BP

BHP Billiton

Newbuild

1994

North Sea, UK Maersk North Sea, UK Shell PEARL Energy Pte Ltd. ExxonMobil Newbuild

1993 1999 Bluewater Energy Services MODEC Bluewater Energy Services MODEC SBM Offshore MISC Bhd

Jasmine Venture MV7 Jasmine Field FPSO Jotun A Kakap Natuna FPSO Kikeh Jotun

Thailand North Sea, Norway Indonesia Sabah, Malaysia

Conversion

2004

Newbuild

1999

Kakap KH field

ConocoPhillips(Kakap) Conversion Ltd. Murphy Oil Conversion

1986

Kikeh

2007

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FPSO Vessel Name Kizomba A Kizomba B Kuito FPSO "Kwame Nkrumah" FPSO

Oilfield

Current Location

Newbuild or Field Operator Conversion Newbuild Newbuild Conversion

Startup year

Vessel Designer /Operator

Hungo, Chocalho Kissanje, Dikanza Kuito

South Atlantic ExxonMobil Ocean, Angola South Atlantic ExxonMobil Ocean, Angola Cabinda, Angola Chevron

2004 2005 1999

SBM Offshore SBM Offshore SBM Offshore

Jubilee Fields

Gulf of Tullow Oil & Others Guinea, Ghana North Sea, UK ConocoPhillips North Sea, UK Shell Campos Basin, Petrobras Brazil Santos Ltd.

Conversion

2010

MODEC Inc.

North Sea MacCulloch Producer[14] Maersk Curlew Marlim Sul FPSO MODEC Venture 11 FPSO Mondo FPSO Munin Curlew Marlim Sul

Conversion Conversion Conversion

1997 2002 2004

Maersk Maersk[14] SBM Offshore

Mutineer-Exeter Australia Field Luanda, Angola Lufeng, Xijiang Block 15, Angola South China Sea, China

Conversion

2005

MODEC

ExxonMobil CNOOC

Conversion Newbuild

2008 1997

SBM Offshore Bluewater Energy Services MODEC

MV8 Langsa Venture Langsa field FPSO Mystras FPSO Nganhurra FPSO Okono, Okpoho

Malacca Strait, MEDCO MOECO Indonesia Langsa Ltd. Gulf of Guinea, Nigeria Exmouth Sub-basin, Australia Exmouth Sub-basin, Australia North Sea, Norway Timor Sea, Indonesia

Conversion

2001

Agip

Conversion

2004

Saipem

Enfield

Woodside Petroleum

Newbuild

2006

Maersk Ngujima-Yin Vincent FPSO Norne FPSO Norne Northern Endeavour Okha Pazflor FPSO Perintis FPSO Petrojarl Banff Laminaria, Corallina Cossack, Wanaea

Woodside Petroleum

Conversion

2008

Maersk

Statoil Woodside Petroleum

Newbuild Newbuild

1997 1999; Kvaerner/SBM; SBM Offshore/Woodside Petroleum DSME Aker Kvaerner/M3Nergy Teekay Petrojarl

North West Woodside Petroleum Shelf, Australia South Atlantic Total Ocean, Angola South China Sea, Peninsular Petronas Carigali Malaysia North Sea, UK CNR

Conversion

2011

Pazflor

Newbuild

2011

MASA field

Conversion

1999

Banff

Newbuild

1999

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FPSO Vessel Name Petrojarl Foinaven Petrojarl I Petrojarl Varg Pertroleo Nautipa FPSO

Oilfield

Current Location

Newbuild or Field Operator Conversion Conversion Newbuild Newbuild

Startup year

Vessel Designer /Operator

Foinaven Glitne oilfield Varg

North Atlantic, BP UK North Sea, Norway North Sea, Norway Statoil Talisman Energy

1997 2001 1999

Teekay Petrojarl Teekay Petrojarl Teekay Petrojarl Fred Olsen Production, Prosafe Prosafe Petronas/FPSO Ventures BHP Billiton/MODEC SBM Offshore Mitsubishi Heavy Industries

Etame

South Atlantic Vaalco Energy Ocean, Gabon South Atlantic Devon Energy Ocean, Brazil South China Sea, Peninsular Petronas Carigali Malaysia Exmouth Sub-basin, Australia BHP Billiton Petroleum

Conversion

2002

Polvo FPSO Polvo Puteri Dulang field Dulang FSO Pyrenees FPSO P-57 FPSO Ravensworth, Crosby, Stickle Fields Jubarte Field

Conversion

2007

Conversion

Unknown

Newbuild

2010

Campos Basin, Petrobras Brazil South China Sea, Vietnam Tasman Sea, New Zealand South China Sea, Vietnam South China Sea, Vietnam JVPC, Nippon Oil OMV

Conversion Conversion Conversion

2010 1998 2008

Rang Dong 1 Rang Dong Raroa II Ruby Princess FPSO Ruby II FPSO Sanha LPG FPSO Maari

Ruby

Petrovietnam Petronas Carigali Vietnam Ltd Chevron

Conversion

1998

Prosafe

Ruby Angola

Conversion Newbuild Conversion Newbuild

2010 2005 2008 1998

MISC Bhd SBM Offshore / Chevron SBM Offshore Harland & Wolff

Saxi-Batuque Luanda, Angola FPSO Schiehallion Schiehallion FPSO Sea Eagle FPSO EA

Block 15, Angola

ExxonMobil

North Atlantic, BP UK Gulf of Guinea, Nigeria Shell

Newbuild

2003

SeaRose FPSO Seillean FPSO Serpentina FPSO

White Rose

Grand Banks of Husky Energy Newfoundland, Canada Esprito Santo Basin, Brazil Gulf of Guinea, Equatorial Guinea North Sea, Norway Petrobras but built for BP

Newbuild

2005

Cachalote

Newbuild

1986

Noble Corporation

Zafiro

Exxonmobil

Conversion

2003

SBM Offshore

Skarv FPSO Skarv and Idun

BP

Newbuild

2011

BP

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FPSO Vessel Name

Oilfield

Current Location

Newbuild or Field Operator Conversion Truong Son Joint Operating Company (TSJOC) BHP Billiton Petroleum

Startup year

Vessel Designer /Operator

Song Doc Song Doc Field MV19 FPSO Stybarrow Stybarrow Field MV16 FPSO

Vietnam Exmouth Sub-basin, Australia

Conversion

2008

MODEC

Newbuild

2007

MODEC

Terra Nova

Terra Nova

Grand Banks of Suncor Newfoundland, Canada

Newbuild

2002

Triton

Bittern, Guillemot West, North Sea, UK Amerada Hess Guillemot Northwest Alma (Formerly Ardmore) Oil Field and Galia Tie-Back currently in Dock at Blohm + Voss, TBD Hamburg, Germany, later North Sea, UK Tasman Sea, New Zealand Block 15, Angola Australian Worldwide Exploration ExxonMobil

Newbuild

2000

(EnQest Producer (Former Uisge Gorm) FPSO Umuroa FPSO Xikomba FPSO Yunus FSO Yum K'ak'nab FPSO ARMADA PERWIRA FPSO

Conversion

1995/2012 reconstruction

Enquest

Tui Xikomba BDR3

Conversion Conversion

2007 2003 1998

APS/Prosafe Production SBM Offshore Syriah & NTJ Group BW Offshore AS, Norway BUMI ARMADA BERHAD

Mediterranean Syriah & N.T.J. Group Conversion

Ku-Maloob-Zaap Gulf of Mexico PEMEX field TE GIAC TRANG field (TGT) BUMI ARMADA BERHAD

Newbuild

1998

VIETNAM

Newbuild

2011

References
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. ^ http://www.offshore-technology.com/projects/sanha/ ^ http://www.platts.com/Oil/News/7093122.xml?src=Oilrssheadlines1 ^ http://www.flexlng.com ^ http://www.ft.com/cms/s/0/9ccaed4a-82ba-11e0-b97c-00144feabdc0.html#axzz1NADgzzOH ^ http://gastoday.com.au/news/flng_gets_serious/042981/ ^ "The world's first LNG Floating Storage and Regasification conversion" (http://www.skipsrevyen.no/artikler/artikler-1-2006/798.html) . Skipsrevyen. http://www.skipsrevyen.no/artikler/artikler-1-2006/798.html. Retrieved 2008-08-02. ^ "Production grows in West Africas largest deepwater development" (http://www.exxonmobileurope.com/Corporate/Newsroom /Publications/TheLamp_3_2005/story2.asp) - The Lamp - Volume 86 Number 3 2004 - Exxon Mobil Corporation ^ http://www.modec.com/fps/fpso_fso/projects/cantarell.html ^ http://www.eon-ruhrgas-norge.com/cps/rde/xchg/SID-3F57EEE5-5B3326E4/er-norge/hs.xsl/2414.htm ^ a b "Skarv and Idun Fields, North Sea Northern, Norway" (http://www.offshore-technology.com/projects/skarv/) ^ http://www.akersolutions.com/Internet/IndustriesAndServices/OilAndGas/FieldDevelopment/default.htm ^ %22Rigzone%22 (http://www.rigzone.com/news/article.asp?a_id=50434) ^ 2009 Worldwide Survey of Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) Units, Mustang Engineering, August 2009 ^ a b "Maersk FPSO Fleet Location" (http://www.maersk-fpsos.com/fleet/units.aspx) - Maersk FPSO's

External links

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FPSO Seillean (http://www.seillean.com/) FPSO Seillean - the World's first DP production vessel - BP SWOPS Auld Alliance Trading FPSO Services (http://www.auldalliance.ae/) FPSO Services - Auld Alliance FPSO production services "FPSO World Fleet" (http://www.fpso.net/) . 2004. http://www.fpso.net/. Retrieved 2008-05-20. Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) Installations (http://www.ukooa.co.uk/issues/fpso/) at the United Kingdom Offshore Operators Association FPSO's FAQ's (http://www.ukooa.co.uk/issues/fpso/faq.cfm) at the United Kingdom Offshore Operators Association FPSOs at the U.S. Department of the Interior's Minerals Management Service - Gulf of Mexico OCS Region (http://www.gomr.mms.gov/homepg/offshore/fpso/fpso.html) FPSO pages at Offshore-Technology (http://www.offshore-technology.com/) "Skarv FPSO (http://www.offshore-technology.com/projects/skarv/) Kizomba (http://www.offshore-technology.com/projects/kizomba/) Petrojarl 1 (http://www.offshore-technology.com/projects/glitne/) Terra Nova (http://www.offshore-technology.com/projects/terra_nova/) White Rose (http://www.offshore-technology.com/projects/white_rose/) FPSO pages at Ship-Technology (http://www.ship-technology.com/) Anasuria (http://www.ship-technology.com/projects/anasuria/) Bonga (http://www.ship-technology.com/projects/bonga/) Ramform Banff (http://www.ship-technology.com/projects/ramform/) Searose (http://www.ship-technology.com/projects/searose/) 2010 Worldwide Survey of FPSO Vessels (http://www.mustangeng.com/AboutMustang/Publications/Publications /2010%20FPSO%20Poster%20Final.pdf) by Mustang Engineering for Offshore Magazine Retrieved from "http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Floating_production_storage_and_offloading&oldid=517555085" Categories: Petroleum production Oil storage Ship types Floating production storage and offloading vessels Offshore engineering Oil refineries This page was last modified on 13 October 2012 at 11:08. Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. See Terms of use for details. Wikipedia is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.

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