ASTP CRISIS MANAGEMENT

JICA Project for Contingency Exercises Bali Intl Airport 28 Feb 07

Threat Overview

Crisis Management & Key Players

Crisis: an unstable state of affairs in which a decisive change is impending

What am I going To do?

Key Players
Management:
Whats Management?

the executive function of planning, organizing, coordinating, directing, controlling, and supervising any industrial or business project or activity with responsibility for results
3

MODULE 1

ASTP CRISIS MANAGEMENT

We are all involved

Who does crisis management? What are the essential components of crisis management?

Some Key Players

Decision makers Incident commander(s) Containment security staff CM Center Staff Negotiators AFRS
5

Lets get Going Team

Some Key Players

Medical personnel Communication personnel Intelligence staff Visual data staff Aircraft servicing

MODULE 1

ASTP CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Types of Attack

Sabotage of aircraft/airport Acts of unlawful seizure Acts of attempted seizure

In-Flight Attacks

Types of Attack

Source: AP

Source: Getty Images

Types of Attack

Acts of facility attack Acts against the safety of civil aviation

MODULE 1

ASTP CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Statistics Over 20 Year Time Frame Acts of Unlawful Interference

671 Incidents

2,317 Persons killed 2,057 Persons injured

10

Attacks at Airports/Facilities
Lod Airport, Tel Aviv, Israel (1972) Rome, Italy (1973) Paris, France (1978)
Pan Am Flight 110

Manila, Philippines (1983) Rome and Vienna (Austria) (1985)

11

Attacks at Airports/Facilities
Seoul, South Korea (1986) Algiers, Algeria (1992) Johannesburg, South Africa (1994) Heathrow Airport, England (1994) Reus, Spain (1996) Lahore, Pakistan (1996)
12

MODULE 1

ASTP CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Other Crisis Situations

Earthquakes Fire Flood War Cults
13

Characteristics of Offenders
Criminals, refugees, psychotics Limited resources Limited technical expertise Unpredictable
14

Characteristics of Offenders INDIVIDUALS

Examples
Extortionists Mental cases Refugees

15

MODULE 1

ASTP CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Characteristics of Offenders INDIVIDUALS

Objectives:
Criminal Personal Political asylum

Tim McVeigh & Terry Nichols Oklahoma City Bombing

16

Characteristics of Offenders Cults

Objectives:
Some resources Extensive technical expertise Special training Goals are usually Religious/Ideological

Ashara Aum Shinrikyo Cult Leader

17

Hijackers/Saboteurs GROUPS
Considerable resources Extensive technical expertise Special training Objectives always political and/or Ideological

18

MODULE 1

ASTP CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Hijackers/Saboteurs State Sponsored

Considerable resources Extensive technical expertise Special training Objectives always political

19

Characteristics of Offenders State Sponsors

Objectives:
Against State Political Statement Undermine Stability of opposing State

20

Liquid Explosive Bomb

Batteries

C4 Explosive Blasting Cap

21

MODULE 1

ASTP CRISIS MANAGEMENT

KAL BOMB
MOSCOW BUDAPEST VIENNA BELGRADE BAGHDAD AMMAN BAHRAIN ABU DHABI BANGKOK

PYONGYANG

TRAVEL ROUTE OF THE AGENTS POS T -MISS ION FLIGHT PLAN FLIGHT PATH OF T HE ILL-FATED P LANE

LAST COMMUNICATION FROM KOREAN AIR FL IGHT 858 WITH THE CONTROL TOWER IN RANGOON AT 14:01, NOV. 29, 1987

22

Hijacking Techniques BASIC TECHNIQUES

Smuggle arms on board Collusion with airport/airline staff Arms assault

23

Hijacking Techniques WEAPONS

Pistols Explosive charges Swords and knives Inflammable material

24

MODULE 1

ASTP CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Hijacking Techniques

BASIC TECHNIQUES
Usually after take-off Groups high visibility flight deck control crew and passengers may be suicidal
25

AIR INDIA HIJACKING

26

Hijacking Techniques BASIC TECHNIQUES

Individuals
quiet or may be violent unpredictable
27

MODULE 1

ASTP CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Sabotage Techniques
Devices Explosive/incendiary Triggers Time (clock, chemical, mechanical) Barometric Vibration Combination
Toshiba Radio
(Item #29)
Rear View
Antenna Radio/Tape Player Components

Tape Player

Speakers

Batteries for bomb Barometric Sensor

Blasting Cap Digital Timer

Batteries for Radio 2/3 - 1 pound of Plastic Explosive

28

PAA 103 December 21, 1988

29

PAAPAA-103 Lockerbie
TO NEW YORK
B OMB EXPL ODE S OVER L OCK ERB IE

LOCKERBIE LONDON FRANKFURT

PAA-103 B-747 PAA-103A B-727

AIR MALTA

MALTA

30

MODULE 1

10

ASTP CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Sabotage Techniques

Placing of devices Infiltration into baggage/freight/stores Collusion with airport/airline staff Subterfuge (unsuspecting dupe)
31

Sabotage of Airports
Electrical power Air Traffic Control communications Aviation fuel Rescue and Fire Fighting Services

32

Sabotage of Airports

Runway and terminal building attacks, Heathrow 1994 Air Traffic Control tower, Narita 1978

33

MODULE 1

11

ASTP CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Sabotage of Airports

Navigational aids, Colombia Diversion of Rescue and Fire Fighting Services

34

Other Attacks at Airports

Cause maximum casualties

explosive devices machine pistols perpetrated in public areas

35

Other Attacks at Airports

weapons smuggled in intelligence and reconnaissance planned

36

MODULE 1

12

ASTP CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Crisis Management Approaches

Individuals State Sponsors Groups Cults

37

Incident Happening
Lack of data Confusion Frustration Conflict
Whats Happening?

38

Crisis may mean the Failure of Prevention System

What happened? When did it happen? Where did it happen? What needs to be done?

39

MODULE 1

13

ASTP CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Conflicting Requirements
Must manage crisis Rescue hostages Prevent injuries Minimize damage Protect States Interests Need to fix system deficiencies
40

When do we plan for crisis management?

Time for contingency planning Time for policy considerations Time for coordination Time for resource acquisition
What can I do?

41

When do we plan for crisis management?

Time for Training Time for Testing Too late if the event has happened
I think I finally understand

42

MODULE 1

14

ASTP CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Crisis Management Facilities

What are the facilities necessary for an effective crisis management response?

43

Where do we do Crisis Management?

Fixed Command & Control Centers Mobile Tactical Command Centers

44

Resources for good crisis management

National command and control structure Clear and unambiguous national policies Comprehensive communications systems Integrated command and control facilities Comprehensive contingency planning

45

MODULE 1

15

ASTP CRISIS MANAGEMENT

Resources for good Crisis Management

Effective intelligence/information collection system Police and/or military response resources Secure communications systems Periodic system exercises Sophisticated visual systems Comprehensive training system

46

Incident Crisis Aftermath

Damage control Restoration to normal operations Follow-up actions Interaction with key players Interaction with peers

47

Personal Life event

Substantially involved? Problem or opportunity? Criticism from others Self criticism Notorious or Famous
Why me?

48

MODULE 1

16