SR 750 Commissioning Course Rev 2

Electrical Industry Training Centre SR-750 GE Multilin Feeder Protection Commissioning Course
Table of Content Headings 1 1.1 1.2 1.2.1 1.2.2 1.3 1.3.1 1.3.2 1.4 1.4.1 Introduction Getting Started Initial Inspection Using The Relay Menu Navigation Sub-Menu Settings and Setpoints Numerical Setpoint Enumeration Setpoint Lab 1: SR-750 Interface Panel Setpoint Change Enervista Introduction to EnerVista Setup Lab 2: Installing EnerVista Lab 3: Communicating to the SR-750 via RS-232. Relay In Service Theory of Operation On Board Micro-processors Waveform Capture Frequency Tracking (reserved for future) (reserved for future) Protection Elements Logic Inputs Outputs Communication Ports Installation Mechanical (reserved for future) Withdrawal and Insertion Rear Terminal Lay-out Electrical Installation Page
1.5 2 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4
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Table of Content Headings 3.4.1 3.4.2 3.4.3 3.4.4 3.4.5 3.4.6 3.4.7 3.4.8 3.4.9 3.4.10 3.4.11 3.4.12 3.4.13 4 4.1 4.1.1 4.1.2 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 4.2.4 4.3 4.4 CT VT Ground CT Sensitive Ground CT Grounding Control Power Breaker Control Coil Supervision (reserved for future) Analog Inputs (reserved for future) Analog Outputs (reserved for future) Rear Communication ports Front Communication port IRIG-B port Interface Front Panel Interface LCD Display Screen LED Indicators Messages Keypad Messages Diagnostic Messages Self-Test Warning Flash Messages EnerVista Software Communication Ports Lab 4: Communicating With EnerVista Setpoints S1 Relay Setup (reserved for future) S2 System Setup S3 Logic Inputs S4 Output Relays Trip Relay Close Relay Page
5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.4.1 5.4.2
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Table of Content Headings 5.4.3 5.4.4 5.5 5.5.1 5.5.2 5.5.3 5.5.4 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.11 5.12 6 6.1 6.2 6.3 6.4 6.5 6.5.1 6.5.2 6.5.3 6.5.4 6.5.5 6.6 6.6.1 6.6.2 6.6.3 6.7 6.7.1 Auxiliary Relays Self-Test Warning Relay (reserved for future) S5 Protection Time Overcurrent Characteristics Phase Time Overcurrent Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent Directional Supervision Neutral Overcurrent Ground Overcurrent Sensitive Ground Overcurent Negative Sequence Overcurrent Voltage Frequency Breaker Failure Commissioning Installation Checks Metering Test Logic Input Test Output Test Phase Time Overcurrent Pickup test Phase Time Overcurrent Timing test Phase Instantaneous Pick-up test: Phase Directional MTA test: Phase Directional Min Polarizing Voltage test: Phase Time OC Voltage Restraint Test: Negative Sequence Time OC Pickup Test: Negative Sequence Time OC Timing test: Negative Sequence Directional test: Negative Sequence Instant OC Pick-up test: Bus Undervoltage Pickup test: Bus Undervoltage Timing test: Page
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Table of Content Headings 6.8 6.8.1 6.8.2 6.8.3 6.9 6.10 UnderFrequency Pickup Test: UnderFrequency Timing Test: Underfrequency Min Operating Voltage test: Underfrequency Minimum Operating Current Breaker failure Timing Test: Breaker Failure Minimum Current Test: End of session Page
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Introduction:
This course will describe the features of the SR-750 Feeder Management Relay, the external front panel interface screen, key pads, LED indicators and the rear terminal connections. A brief look at the internal hardware configuration, an analysis of the protection logic and its setpoint setting is required for establishing the variables needed for testing the protection elements. The Enervista software will be used to communicate with the relay, for entering the relay settings, performing status checks and an aid in testing of the relay. An exercise on the front panel operation will demonstrate the operator interface features which can be use as a tool for monitoring and testing purposes. 1. Getting Started Compile all the required material for testing Communication: Computer laptop, Enervista program, relay setting file or setting sheets and USB to serial adapter cable. Drawings: Complete set of schematics and wiring diagrams, SR-750 logic diagrams as found in the manual or the relay manual. Equipment: 3-phase test set, test leads, multi-meter and standard hand tools. Special hardware: Breaker simulator unit. 1.1. Initial Inspection. For relay out of the box: Inspect the unit for physical damage Verify that the correct model has been ordered For installed relay: Verify order code matches the drawing or bill of material list Verify power supply polarity is connected correctly Verify control circuit wiring Verify CT / VT polarity connections Verify CT / VT secondary ratings match the current and voltage input ratings 1.2 Using the Relay The front panel is provided with a two-line, 40 character display screen, associated numeric keypad, push buttons and cursor control keys which can be used for setpoint programming, metering and data access. Information and access control is accomplished by the MENU button and the four MESSAGE buttons for
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navigation. Only the arrow symbols () will be used in this document to represent the four MESSAGE buttons. On earlier version, the relay was provided with a SETPOINT and ACTUAL button instead of the MENU button plus and buttons for navigation.
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1.2.1 Menu Navigation The top layer of information is the menu screen. There are 3 menu screens. Setpoints Actual values Target Messages The menus screens can be displayed by pressing the MENU key. Movement to the other screens is achieved by pressing the buttons. 1.2.2 Sub-Menu: The sub-menu contains the page headers within the menu. Sub-menu contains relay setting pages that have been grouped together for functionality or functions under a sub-menu. Sub-menu levels are entered by pressing the button for the active MENU screen. Once inside the sub-menu, Page Headers are access by pressing the buttons. The top page is Page 1. The very bottom is indicated by END OF PAGE n. To exit a sub-menu or go back to the menu screen, use the button. When a square box and appears on the screen, it indicates sub-pages to the current page. Pressing the key will enter the lower level screen. - Lower level screens can be access by the buttons. - To exit a sub-page and return to the sub-menu, Use the button On earlier version, the sub-menu was scrolled through by pressing the ACTUAL or SETPOINT button repeated. Entering the sub-menu was done by pressing the ENTER key. Pressing the HELP key will display context related information such as range of values and ways of changing the setpoint. Pressing the HELP key repeatedly will scroll through all the related information for the setpoint. Note: button use to enter a lower level screen button to enter a higher level screen buttons to scroll through the various screens on any level
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Setpoint Sub-menu: Setpoints are programmable setting entered by the user. These settings are used by the various protection or control elements to define its operating characteristics. See appendix for a listing of the various setpoint sub-menus and its respective setting pages. Actual value sub-menu: Actual values are active data that are being used by the relay or historical data that are stored in memory. These include: Status of logic inputs (both virtual and hardware), last trip information, fault location, relay date and time. Metering values such as current, voltage, frequency, power, energy, demand and analog inputs. Maintenance Data such as trip counters and accumulated arcing currents. Event recorder down loading tool. Product information including model number, firmware version, product information and calibration dates. Oscillograph data and down loading tool List of active conditions. Message sub-menu: Target messages show the active conditions for alarms, trip conditions, diagnostics and system flash messages. 1.3 Setting and Setpoint Setpoint is a setting that is displayed in a sub-menu. Each setpoint is distinguished by the way their values are displayed and edited. Setpoint can be numerical or an enumeration variable. The settings are arranged in pages with each page containing its related settings associated with its functions. Settings fall into the following categories: Device settings Relay / System settings Logic input settings Output relay settings
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Protection settings Control settings Testing settings
CAUTION: Entered settings are stored and immediately used by the relay. Caution is warranted when entering any setting when the relay is active and the breaker is Close. A setting within the operating limits of the relay will trip the relay and initiate breaker tripping and other functions. Data that are entered in the setting page are called setpoint. There are 2 types of setpoint: Numerical setpoint Enumeration setpoint 1.3.1 Numerical Setpoint Numerical setpoints has its own minimum and maximum value within allowable increments. Entered values that exceeds the setpoint accuracy will be rounded-off. Numerical setpoints can be entered via the numerical keypad and pressing ENTER or by using the VALUE button to the desired value and then pressing ENTER. Pressing the ESCAPE key before the ENTER key will return the original value to the display. 1.3.2 Enumeration Setpoint Enumeration setpoints are data sets whose variables that are defined by a name. A data set will contains two or more variable names. Example: Wye, Delta Disable, alarm, trip or control.
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Lab 1: Setpoint Entry via The Interface Panel

This lab is an introduction for operating the interface panel. NOTE: A hardware jumper between rear terminals C10 C11 must be installed to allow setpoint via the interface panel. This provision has been made available through the key switch on the relay trainer unit. Turn the key switch to the ON position.
1. System Setup Setpoint Entry
Refer to Table 1: S2 System Setup

Press the SETPOINT button until the S2 System Setup page header is displayed Press MESSAGE to display the various setting pages Press ENTER for access to the desired setting page Press MESSAGE to display the various setpoint within the setting page Press VALUE to change the setpoint value or the numeric keypad. Press ENTER to accept or ESCAPE to abort Enter all S2 System Setup setpoint values via the interface panel NEW SETPOINT HAS BEEN STORED Flash Message will appear when a new value has been entered Enter all S2 System Setup setpoint values as shown on Table 1.
Note: Make use of the HELP key once a setpoint is displayed.

2. Breaker Function setpoints Entry
Refer to Table 4: S3 Breaker Function Press the SETPOINT button until the S3 Logic Input Setup page header is displayed Enter all S3 Breaker Function setpoint values via the interface panel NEW SETPOINT HAS BEEN STORED Flash Message will appear when a new value has been entered Enter all S3 Breaker Function setpoint values as shown on Table 4.
3. End of Lab 1.
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1.4 Enervista 1.4.1 Introduction to EnerVista Setup EnerVista is a graphical user interface software for communicating with the GE Multilin realys. It provides a single platform to configure, monitor, maintain, and trouble-shoot relay operations via serial communication. EnerVista can be used in on-line or off-line mode. Settings files can be created in off-line mode for downloading to the relay. Communication in on-line mode is performed in real-time. Major operations using Enervista are: Program and modify setpoints Load/save setpoint files from/to disk Read actual values and monitor status Perform waveform capture and log data Plot, print, and view trending graphs of selected actual values Download and playback waveforms Get help on any topic Trip and Close breaker
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Lab 2: Installing EnerVista This lab will prepare the laptop for the EnerVista software and how to download specific relays IED set-up files. 1. Check for Hardware minimum requirements. P3 1 GHz or higher processor Microsoft Windows 2000, XP Internet Explorer version 5.5 or higher 256 Mb of RAM (512 Mb recommended) Minimum of 200 Mb hard disk space Video capable of displaying 800x600 or higher in 16-bit Colour RS-232 and/or Ethernet communication port to Relay 2. Install the EnerVista 750 Setup software from GE EnerVista CD. Insert the GE EnerVista CD into your CD-ROM drive. Click the Install Now button and follow the installation instructions to install the no-charge EnerVista software on the local PC. When installation is complete, start the EnerVista Launchpad application. Click the IED Setup section of the Launch Pad window.
3. Add new Hardware for the IED set-up program for the SR-750 Relay
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EnerVista Launchpad will obtain the latest installation software from the internet and start the installation process. A status window with a progress bar will be shown during the downloading process Select the complete path, including the new directory name, where the EnerVista 750 Setup software will be installed. Click on Next to begin the installation. The files will be installed in the directory indicated and the installation program will automatically create icons and add EnerVista 750 Setup software to the Windows start menu. Click Finish to end the installation. The 750 device will be added to the list of installed IEDs in the EnerVista Launchpad window, 4. Once installation is complete communication with the relay can be establish.
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5. Add the SR-750 Feeder Management relay manual to the Document Library section. From the launch pad, select the Document Library On the Document Library screen, d-click the Manuals icon Select Add/Edit Products Check off the - *750 Feeder Management Relay under the Select Product to Add - Manuals under the Document file type When downloading is complete 750 will appear on the Manual directory and a copy of the SR-750 manual in PDF format is displayed on the File Title page. D-click on 750/760 Instruction manual to open up the manual.
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6. End of Lab 2.
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Lab Task 3: Communicating to the SR-750 via RS-232. This lab will provide the skills for initializing communication with the SR-750 via the front panel RS-232 port. Communication with the relay can be accomplished in three ways: RS232, RS485, and Ethernet communications. Note: Only RS-232 communication process will be shown in this lab. 1. Obtain the serial port communication parameters from the front panel. The Communication setting page is under the S1 Relay Setup sub-menu page. Note: The Enervista serial communication settings must be set to the relay settings. A mismatch of settings will prevent access to the relay. Copy the setpoints from the S1 relay Set-up page: Slave Address: __________ Baud Rate: __________ Parity: __________ Bits: __________ 2. Connect the USB to Serial cable adapter to the laptop. Ensure that the computer recognize the new hardware and determine the COM port designation for the USB port location. Got to start button Select Control Panel D-click System Select Hardware, Device Manager Open Ports (COM and LPT) and check that the USB-to-Serial Comm Port is recognized Make a note of the port number COM __________ 3. Configuring Serial Communication Open Enervista launchpad Select IED (Intelligent External Device) Setup
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Select the SR750/760 relay type Select Device Setup Select Add Site; A New Site 1 dialog box will appear Enter EITCA on the site name field, enter OK A new site location, EITCA will be generated on the On-line Device Setup screen on the top left directory structure.
Select Device Setup; A Device Setup screen will appear Select the site location; EITCA Select Add Device; A Device Name dialog box will appear Enter a Device name for the new device SR-750-EITCA Select Serial on the Interface option menu; a communication screen will appear Enter the Slave Address and Baud Rate on the communication screen Leave all other default parameter as found; Parity, Bits and Stop Bits Select the Read Order Code button A new SR-750EITCA device file name will appear on the on-line and offline directory tree
Note: If communication is successful, the relay order code number and firmware version number will be displayed. If communication fails, review the computer serial communication settings and retry. Select OK Successful communication status should be displayed on the bottom left
When communication has been established give yourself a pat on the back ! The hardest part of testing is to first establish communication with the relay.
4. End of Lab 3
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1.5 Relay In Service The SR-750 Operations is defaulted to the NOT READY state from the factory. During the initial energization, the SELF TEST WARNING relay not ready status will be displayed on the interface panel. To place the SR-750 Operation into the READY state, use the indicated front panel key punch sequence to change the setting from NOT READY to READY in the Installation setting page in the S1 Relay Setup sub-menu under the Setting menu. S1 RELAY SETUP INSTALLATION 750 OPERATION VALUE READY press ENTER The RELAY IN SERVICE indication should be ON. SELF TEST WARNING indication should be OFF. The relay is ready for service.
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Figure 1: Hardware Block Diagram

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2 Theory of Operation
2.1 On Board Micro-processors Circuit functions are controlled by two Motorola 68332 32 bit p measures all analog signals, digital inputs and control all output relays. Operators front panel key pads, LCD screen display, LED indications and RS-232 serial communication is controlled by DSTni-LX Turbo 186 16-bit p which pass information to each other via RS485 serial communication bus. 2.2 Waveform Capture CTs and VTs secondary terminals are connected to the AC input terminals where internal isolating transformers scale down the values to printed circuit board levels. The low level AC signal is passed through a 400 Hz low pass anti-aliasing filter. The resulting AC signals are simultaneously captured by sample and hold buffers which ensure that no phases shift are introduced from sampling time delays. The 12 bit A/D converter send the digital values to the M-68332 32 bit p for analysis. AC waveforms are sampled with a asampling rate of 16 time per cycle. Raw samples are scaled in software, placed in the waveform capture buffer emulating a fault recorder. Current waveforms are processed twice every cycle with a DC offset filter and a Discrete Fourier Transform algorithm which produces phasor values at the fundamental frequency. The resulting phasor is without transients and harmonics resulting in a relay that will not overreach
Figure: Effects of DC offset filter to Asymmetrical current signal The DC Offset filter removes the DC component from the assymerical current at the moment a fault occurs. This is done for all current signals used for overcurrent protection. The filter introduces an over all time delay between (0 to 50 ms) for
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fault marginally over the pick-up level. Voltage signals are not processed by the DC Offset filter. The Fast Fourier Transform algorithm uses exactly one cycle of samples to calculate the fundamental phasor quantities. The RMS current and voltage phasor values are used in calculating the all metering and energy demand resulting in values without harmonic content. The Protection elements are processed once per power cycle to determine if a pickup has occurred or a timer has expired. Protection elements use RMS phasor values and unaffected by harmonics and DC transients. 2.3 Frequency tracking System frequency is measured by the zero crossing of both Bus VT A and Line VT voltage inputs. Frequency tracking utilize the measured frequency to set the sampling rate for the AC input signals. From the low pass anti-aliasing filter, voltage signals are pass through a 72 Hz low pass filter. Frequency reading is discarded if the rate of change F/sec is > 10 Hz/sec. Sampling is synchronized to the Van zero voltage crossing. 2.4 Analog Inputs (Reserved for future) 2.5 Analog Outputs (Reserved for future) 2.6 Protection Elements All protection elements are processed once every cycle to ascertain if a pick-up or a time delay setpoint has expired. The elements use the RMS phasor values making the elements unaffected by harmonics and DC transients. The phase and ground current inputs are calculated once per quarter cycle for its RMS phasor values for the all Phase and Ground Overcurrent elements The time delay functions use an independent time base frequency making the timers unaffected by the system frequency. The tripping times of the overcurrent elements can vary by 4 ms from the mean time. This is due to the process time for the RMS phasor calculations which require 4 samples of information from the point of sampling within the AC waveform
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cycle. Operating time can differ by 8 ms between the slowest and the fastest time over the total operating range.
Figure: Instantaneous Overcurrent element operating time 2.7 Logic Inputs Contact inputs are de-bounced and must be stable for 3 input samples before a change of state is recognize; samples are performed at 16 times per power cycle. Contact inputs are fed to opto-isolator circuits for isolation between the external circuit and the internal circuitry. 2.8 Outputs All relay outputs are opto-isolated. Eight dry contacts are provided for relay operation. Breaker trip and close output contacts are form-a, the remaining 6 auxiliary output contacts are form-c comprising of an a and b contact with a common. 2.9 Communication Ports Serial communication ports are opto-isolated; COM1, COM2, RS-232 and IRIG-B input. Ethernet port are not opto-isolated.
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3. Installation: 3.1 Mechanical Installation (reserved for future) 3.2 Withdrawal and Insertion The relay can be safely removed or inserted to its case. the case configuration pin will prevent full insertion if an incorrect relay is inserted into a different case. CT shorting terminal connections allows safe removal of the relay from an energized panel. Minute amount of electrical contact lubricant should be applied sparingly on all mating surfaces since removal and insertion period may be long. Note: Before removing an active relay from its case perform the following: Check the output settings via the front panel keys. Ensure that auxiliary output (relay 3 to 7) NON-OPERATED STATE setpoint is NOT set to the Energized value. Outputs set to be Energized in the Non-operated State should be blocked before the relay is removed from its case. This can prevent undesirable events from occurring since the relay contacts will change state once power is removed. Check the rear terminal connections for wiring connected to the b contact. Table below identifies the NC contact terminals. E5 - F4 E6 - F6 E7 - F7 E9 - F9 E10 - F10 3 AUXILIARY RELAY NC 4 AUXILIARY RELAY NC 5 AUXILIARY RELAY NC 6 AUXILIARY RELAY NC 7 AUXILIARY RELAY NC
Note: Turn off the power before removing or re-inserting the relay from its case. The Self Test Alarm relay will de-energize and alarm if connected to the alarm scheme.
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3.3 Rear Terminal Layout
Figure: SR-750 Rear Terminal View Table: 13 Group A & B Terminal Assignment
ANALOG INPUT / OUTPUTS A1 ANALOG INPUT + A2 ANALOG INPUT A3 SHIELD (GROUND) A4 ANALOG OUTPUT A5 ANALOG OUTPUT 1 + COMMUNICATION B1 COM 1 RS485 + B2 COM 1 RS485 B3 COM 1 RS485 COM B4 COM1 RS422 TX + B5 COM1 RS422 TX -
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A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 ANALOG OUTPUT 2 + ANALOG OUTPUT 3 + ANALOG OUTPUT 4 + ANALOG OUTPUT 5 + ANALOG OUTPUT 6 + ANALOG OUTPUT 7 + ANALOG OUTPUT 8 + B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12 COM 2 RS485 + COM 2 RS485 COM 2 RS485 COM SHIELD (GROUND) IRIG-B + IRIG-B RESERVED
Table: 14 Group C & D Terminal Assignment

LOGIC INPUTS C1 LOGIC INPUT 1 C2 LOGIC INPUT 2 C3 LOGIC INPUT 3 C4 LOGIC INPUT 4 C5 LOGIC INPUT 5 C6 LOGIC INPUT 6 C7 LOGIC INPUT 7 C8 RESERVED C9 RESERVED C10 SETPOINT ACCESS C11 SETPOINT ACCESS + C12 +32 VDC LOGIC INPUTS D1 LOGIC INPUT 8 D2 LOGIC INPUT 9 D3 LOGIC INPUT 10 D4 LOGIC INPUT 11 D5 LOGIC INPUT 12 D6 LOGIC INPUT 13 D7 LOGIC INPUT 14 D8 RESERVED D9 RESERVED D10 RESERVED D11 RESERVED D12 DC NEGATIVE
Table: 15 Group E & F Terminal Assignment

OUTPUT RELAYS E1 SOLID STATE TRIP OUT + E2 1 TRIP RELAY NO E3 2 CLOSE RELAY NO E4 3 AUXILIARY RELAY NO E5 3 AUXILIARY RELAY NC E6 4 AUXILIARY RELAY NC E7 5 AUXILIARY RELAY NC E8 5 AUXILIARY RELAY NO E9 6 AUXILIARY RELAY NC E10 7 AUXILIARY RELAY NC E11 7AUXILIARY RELAY NO E12 8 SELF-RESET WARNING RELAY NC OUTPUT RELAYS F1 SOLID STATE TRIP OUT F2 1 TRIP RELAY COM F3 2 CLOSE RELAY COM F4 3 AUXILIARY RELAY COM F5 4 AUXILIARY RELAY NO F6 4 AUXILIARY RELAY COM F7 5 AUXILIARY RELAY COM F8 6 AUXILIARY RELAY NO F9 6 AUXILIARY RELAY COM F10 7 AUXILIARY RELAY COM F11 8 SELF-TEST WARNING RELAY NO F12 8 SELF-TEST WARNING RELAY COM
Table: 16 Group G & H Terminal Assignment

CV AND VT INPUTS / GROUND G1 COIL MONITOR 1 + G2 COIL MONITOR 2 G3 SENSITIVE GROUND CT n G4 SYNCHRO VT n (LINE) G5 PHASE A VT n (BUS) G6 PHASE C VT n (BUS) G7 PHASE A CT n G8 PHASE B CT n G9 PHASE C CT n G10 GROUND CT n G11 FILTER GROUND G12 SAFETY GROUND OUTPUT RELAYS H1 COIL MONITOR 1 H2 COIL MONITOR 2 + H3 SENSITIVE GROUND CT H4 SYNCHRO VT (LINE) H5 PHASE B VT n (BUS) H6 PHASE VT NEUTRAL (BUS) H7 PHASE A CT H8 PHASE B CT H9 PHASE C CT H10 GROUND CT H11 CONTROL POWER H12 CONTROL POWER +
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3.4 Electrical Installation: 3.4.1 CT For the relay to work properly correct phasing of the CTs and VTs are necessary. Polarity connections affect polarity sensitive functions such as metering, restricted earth fault protection and directional elements. Caution: Verify nominal CT secondary rating matches the relay nameplate rating. Ensure that 1A CT inputs are not connected to 5A secondary rated CTs. 3.4.2 VT VTs can be connected either wye or delta. The more common connections are wye connected bus VTs used for voltage or distance control of the bus overcurrent protection. These VTs can also be used for the feeder directional elements.
Figure: SR-750 with wye connected bus VTs Delta connected VTs require the use of jumpers between terminals H5 H6 since the internal isolation transformers are connected in a wye configuration.
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Figure: SR-750 with delta connected bus VTs 3.4.3 Ground CT Ground CT input can be sourced from the transformer neutral CT, a zero sequence CT or the summing point for the phase wye connected phase CTs. The GROUND CT input can be used to polarized the neutral and sensitive ground directional elements.
Figure: Ground CT Input Connection options
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3.4.4 Sensitive Ground CT Sensitive Ground protection is for use on high impedance grounded system or on ungrounded system. In both cases the sensitive ground fault current or the residual current should be limited to 100X the input rating for 1 second or 500A for 1 second for 5A input rating. The Sensitive ground current input can be connected to a zero sequence CT for increased sensitivity. On ungrounded system it is connected residually with the phase current inputs.
Figure: Sensitive Ground CT Input Connection options For applications where there are no transformer differential protection, the sensitive ground current input can be used for use as a transformer restricted earth fault protection scheme. A stabilizing resistor is required to increases the relay impedance value and aids in preventing differential current from flowing into the relay input terminals during saturated CT condition on external faults. The added impedance will aid the current to flow in the saturated CT and not into the relay for external faults. For internal faults, the relay will operate positively.
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Figure: Sensitive Ground CT Input for Restricted Earth Fault Connection 3.4.5 Grounding All ground terminals must be connected regardless of power supply type.
Figure: SR-750 Grounding connections
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3.4.6 Control Power Control power must be within the range of the relay power supply input rating. LO Range: 20 60 Vdc 20 48 Vac at 48 62 Hz HI range: 88 300 Vdc 88 265 Vac at 48 62 Hz
Caution: Connection of a relay with a low voltage power supply rating to a high voltage source will damage its power supply unit. Caution: DC voltage polarities must be connected to its respective positive and negative terminals or damage to the internal power supply unit can occur. 3.4.7 Breaker control The relay can be used for local and remote control of the breaker. Ensure that the 1 Trip Relay and 2 Close Relay output contacts are connected properly including the trip coil monitors. The breaker 52a and 52b auxiliary contacts should be connected for the breaker status indications and other function such as breaker failure. Contact Inputs Fourteen external contacts can be connected to the relays fourteen digital inputs in a wet or dry configuration. A wet contact uses an external DC power supply with a switched positive logic input with the negative power supply connected to the Contact Input Common terminal. Maximum input voltage is 300Vdc. A dry contact has one side connected to the internal power supply positive at terminal C12 and the other side connected to the logic input terminal.
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Figure: Logic Input Connection Diagram 3.4.8 Coil Supervision (reserved for future) 3.4.9 Analog Outputs (reserved for future) 3.4.10 Analog Outputs (reserved for future) 3.4.11 Rear Communication ports Two rear communication ports are provided for SCADA supporting AEG Modicon protocol and Harris DNP protocol Com1 can operate in RS485 or RS422 mode Com2 operate in RS422 mode only Ethernet option replaces RS485 Com1 port 3.4.12 Front Communication port The front panel RS-232 serial port is used for setpoint programming relay and firmware up-grade. Front panel access can be made with the EnerVista setup software. Firmware upgrade must use relay address 1 and baud rate of 9600 3.4.13 IRIG-B port Relay can be synchronized with a time code input for time stamping events to 1ms resolution. The IRIG-B input uses a military satellite time based signal. 4: Interface 4.1 Front Panel Interface The front panel provide local operator interface LCD display screen
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LED status indicator Control keys; Selecting message for entering set-points or displaying measured values RS-232 programming port 4.1.1 LCD screen The LCD display screen display messages in alpha numeric characters 40 characters, 2 lines LCD screen 30 user-defined default messages Immediate display for any trip, alarm or start block events 4.1.2 LED Indicators The LED indicators are group into 3 columns / functions SR-750 Status indicates the state of the relay Relay in Service Trip Alarm Pickup Setpoint Group 1 to 4 (indicates active group) System Status indicates the state of the breaker and the system Breaker Open Breaker Closed Local Message Output Status indicates the state of the output relays 1 Trip 2 Close 3 to 7 Auxiliary 8 self Test Warning Three illuminating colour gives functionality Green = General condition Amber = Alert condition Red = Serious Alarm or Important status 4.2 Relay Messages The relay communicates by displaying information on the LCD screen in addition to the LED indicators. These messages can range from acknowledging front panel key presses to metering information that has been programmed by the user or
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displaying relay trip and alarm conditions that is automatically generated when any one of its elements are asserted. In sum, the relay will display relevant information that is appropriate for the situation that is occurring. 4.2.1 Keypad Messages A message response to keypad operations are made to display the various pages of settings / information stored in the relay, these are organized into Main Menus, Pages and Sub-pages The three main menus are: Setpoints Actual Values Target Messages On older version, only the ACTUAL VALUE and the SETPOINT button are available. Navigation to the sub-pages will show setting information used by the relay and it will be displayed on the LCD screen. 4.2.2 Diagnostic Messages A flashing MESSAGE LED on the front panel indicates the presence of diagnostic messages. Diagnostic messages are automatically generated in response to any trips, alarms or asserted logic inputs and indicate the various events and relay operations. Events are stored in a volatile memory and can be viewed by accessing the TARGET MESSAGE menu. Press the MENU key until the display shows TARGET MESSAGES Press MESSAGE key Press MESSAGE to scroll through the messages 1. PICKUP: shows any elements that are presently picked up 2. TRIP: shows any elements that has tripped, stays in queue until reset 3. ALARM: shows any elements that are in alarm stage, stays in queue until reset On older version, only the TARGET MESSAGE menu is not provided. 4.2.3 Self-Test Warnings (see Appendix)
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There are two type of self-test warnings; major or minor. Minor problems does not compromise protection and characterized by: Self-Test Warning relay is de-energized Failure mode is indicated in the diagnostic message queue Failure mode is indicated the Event Recorder Major problems compromise all aspects of relay operation and characterized by: Relay In Service LED is turned OFF Output relays operations are inhibited 4.2.4 Flash Messages Flash messages are in response to certain key presses. The message will be displayed temporarily as in a flash. It denotes error or invalid key presses. 4.3 Enervista Software The Enervista software provides an optional interface to the front panel operation. It requires a computer supporting Microsoft Windows 95 or higher using graphical format for on-line and off-line use. Enervista can configure, monitor and trouble shoot relay operations. Its major functions are: Programming / modify set-points on-line or off-line Load / save setting files from relay to computer and vice versa Read actual values / monitor status / reset counters & events Perform waveform capture / log data / download and playback waveforms Initiate breaker control, trip and close Get help on any topic Upgrade firmware Enervista communicates to the relay via the front panel RS-232 port.
4.4 Communication ports Communication to relay can be established via RS-232, RS-485/422 or Ethernet port. Communication using modbus protocol, setting an internet address or communication using DNP protocol is beyond the scope of this course. Please refer to the various technical communication guide for detailed information. Note: Only communication via the front panel RS-232 will be made.
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Lab 4: Communicating with Enervista REDUNDANT to LAB TASK 3 1. Open EnerVista program Select IED (Intelligent External Device) Setup Select the SR750/760 relay type Select Device Setup Select Add Site; A New Site 1 dialog box will appear Enter EITCA on the site name field, enter OK A new site location will be generated on the Device menu screen; EITCA 2. Select Device Setup; A Site Name dialog box will appear Select the site location; EITCA Select Add Device; A Device Name dialog box will appear Enter SR-750 Select Serial on the Interface option menu; a communication screen will appear Getting correct communication parameter Access the SR-750 via the front panel for the Slave Address and Baud Rate S1 RELAY SETUP COMMUNICATION PORT SETUP 3. Enter correct Slave Address and Baud Rate on the communication screen Leave all other default parameter as found; Parity, Bits and Stop Bits Select the Read Order Code button Note: If communication is successful, the relay order code number and firmware version number will be displayed. If communication fails, review the computer serial communication port setting on the Device Manager screen on the computer. Select OK Successful communication status is displayed on the bottom left 4. End of lab 4.
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5. Setpoint Setpoints can be programmed using the EnerVista program. It is a more flexible method for reviewing the setting page instead of operating through the interface panel. The pages in the Setpoint menu can be viewed more quickly using a laptop. Refer to Appendix for an overview of the menu structure and related setting pages. At a minimum the S2 SYTEM SETUP settings must be entered for the relay to function correctly. 5.1 S1 RELAY SETUP (reserved for future) 5.2 S2 SYSTEM SETUP The S2 System Setup contains the settings for the electrical system. There are 3 setting page: Sensing page FlexCurve A FlexCurve B Sensing page settings has four setting groups: Current Sensing Bus VT Sensing Line VT Sensing Power System Table: 1 S2 System Setup - Sensing page. SETTING PARAMETER Current Sensing Phase CT Primary 1200 A Ground CT Primary 50 A Sensitive Ground CT Primary 200 A Bus VT Sensing Bus VT Connection Type Bus Nominal VT Secondary Voltage Bus VT Ratio Line VT Sensing Line VT Connection Wye 66.4 V 120.0 : 1 Van
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Line Nominal VT Secondary Voltage Line VT Ratio Power System Nominal Frequency Phase Sequence Cost of energy
120.0 V 120.0 : 1 60 Hz ABC 20.0 cents/kWh
FlexCurve A and B pages contain user defined time current characteristics. Table: 2 S2 System Setup - FlexCurve A (B) page. SETTING PARAMETER Select Curve Extremely Inverse Multiply Point By 1.00 FlexCurve Initialization FlexCurve Curve FlexCurve Open from File FlexCurve Save to File FlexCurve Clear Data FlexCurve A Trip Time at 1.03 x PU FlexCurve A Trip Time at 1.05 x PU FlexCurve A Trip Time at 19.5 x PU FlexCurve A Trip Time at 20.0 x PU Initialize View Curve Open Save Clear Data 16037 ms 14747 ms 60 ms 60 ms
5.3 S3 LOGIC INPUTS There are 20 logic inputs which can be used in a variety of ways Circuit breaker functions Control Functions / User inputs External trips / miscellaneous functions Blocking functions; block Trip and Close and protection elements
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The S3 Logic Inputs contains the characteristics of the logic inputs and the virtual inputs. There are 7 setting page: Logic Inputs Breaker Functions Control Functions User Inputs A through H Block Functions Block OC Function Transfer Functions Miscellaneous Function Table: 3 S3 Logic Inputs - Logic Inputs Setup page. Input Name Asserted Logic Logic Input 1 Logic Input 1 (See Table 3.1) Logic Input 14 Logic Input 14 (See Table 3.1) Logic Input 15 Logic Input 15 (See table 3.2) Logic Input 20 Logic Input 20 (See table 3.2) Logic Inputs setting can operate as contact inputs or virtual inputs. 14 rear terminal contact inputs, connected as wet or dry contacts. Contact input is either open or closed and is determined directly from the rear terminal. 20 maximum virtual input. The state of the virtual inputs is either on or off and can be set from serial communication. Virtual inputs are memory location which can be written to via the communication channel.
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Figure: Logic input wet and dry connection diagram Logic input 1 through 20 has 2 setpoints Name Asserted logic condition The state of the logic input is either Asserted or Not-Asserted The state of Logic Input n (n=1-14) is determined by the combined states of Contact Input n and Virtual Input n according to the INPUT N ASSERTED LOGIC setpoint. The state of Logic Input x (x=15-20) is determined by the state of the Virtual Input X according to the INPUT X ASSERTED LOGIC setpoint. A logic function is invoked when its corresponding logic input is Asserted. One logic input can invoke many logic functions. LOGIC INPUT N NAME setpoint allows a user friendly descriptor for an input point. LOGIC INPUT N ASSERTED setpoint determine how the input contact and virtual input are put together in a logic equation to determine the Logic Input state. Table: 3.1 S3 Logic Input Asserted Logic Value Logic Input Asserted When: Disabled Never Contact Close Contact is closed Contact Open Contac is open Virtual On Virtual input is on
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Virtual Off Closed & Von Closed & Voff Open & Von Open & Voff Closed | Von Closed | Voff Closed X Von Closed X Voff Open X Von Open X Voff
Virtual input is off Contact is closed AND virtual input in on Contact is closed AND virtual input in off Contact is open AND virtual input in on Contact is open AND virtual input in off Contact is closed OR virtual input in on Contact is closed OR virtual input in off Contact is closed XOR virtual input in on Contact is closed XOR virtual input in off Contact is open XOR virtual input in on Contact is open XOR virtual input in off
Table: 3.2 S3 Logical Inputs 15 through 20, the setpoints may be assigned as Value Logic Input Asserted When: Disabled Never Virtual On Virtual input is on Virtual Off Virtual input is off Table: 4 S3 Logic Inputs - Breaker Functions page. SETTING PARAMETER 52a Contact Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) 52b Contact Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Breaker Connected Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Breaker functions settings determine the breaker status via the 52a and 52b contact inputs. Breaker close via 52a Breaker open via 52b Breaker connected via isolating disconnect 89a or connected position switch When the BRKR CONNECTED is not asserted, the breaker is neither open nor close Table: 5 S3 Logic Inputs - Control Functions page. SETTING PARAMETER Local Mode Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Reset Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Remote Open Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Remote Close Disabled / (Input 1 to 20)
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Cold Load Pickup Setpoint Group 2 Setpoint Group 3 Setpoint Group 4
Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Disabled / (Input 1 to 20)
The Control setting enables breaker control from the relay panel in LOCAL MODE or from remote mode via assertion of assigned Logic Input. LOCAL MODE setpoint places the relay in local mode at the relay interface panel REMOTE OPEN setpoint initiates the output relay 1 TRIP RELAY REMOTE CLOSE setpoint initiates the output relay 2 CLOSE RELAY Remote open or close can also be a local control switch that is connected to the assigned logic inputs for the REMOTE OPEN and REMOTE CLOSE setpoint. RESET setpoint resets the last trip indicator and latched relays COLD LOAD PICKUP setpoint initiates Cold Load Pickup blocking feature SETPOINT GROUP 2, 3 and 4 selects the active setpoint group 2, 3 and 4 respectively Table: 6 S3 Logic Inputs - User Input A (T) page. SETTING PARAMETER User Input A Name User Input A User Input A Source Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) User Input A Function Disabled / (Trip/Alarm/Control) User Input A: Relay 3 Do Not Operate / (Operate) User Input A: Relay 7 Do Not Operate / (Operate) User Input A Delay 0.00 s / (0 to 600 sec) 20 general purpose user input functions (User Inputs A through T) that is asserted on assertion of logic input Table: 7 S3 Logic Inputs - Block Functions page. SETTING PARAMETER Block 1 Trip Relay Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Block 2 CLOSE Relay Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Block Reset Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Block Undervoltage 1 Disabled / (Input 1 to 20)
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Block Undervoltage 2 Block Undervoltage 3 Block Undervoltage 4 Block Underfrequency 1 Block Underfrequency 2 Bypass Synchrocheck Block Breaker Statistics Block Negative Sequence Voltage Block Restoration Block Frequency Decay Block Neutral Displacement
Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Disabled / (Input 1 to 20)
Various protection elements can be block by Logic Input assertion. 14 blocking functions and 1 bypass function Protection elements will not operate when blocked Table: 8 S3 Logic Inputs - Transfer Functions page. SETTING PARAMETER Selected To Trip Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Undervoltage on Other Source Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Incomer 1 Breaker Closed Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Incomer 2 Breaker Closed Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Tie Breaker Connected Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Tie Breaker Closed Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Block Transfer Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Transformer Lockout Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Source Trip Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Close From Incomer 1 Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Close From Incomer 2 Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) The Transfer Function settings is used for two low voltage breaker feeding two low voltage bus supplied from two sources with a tie breaker feature for feeding both bus from one source. 11 logic functions exclusively used for a bus transfer scheme Logic inputs should be assigned as contact inputs before any other functions to prevent conflicts.
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INCOMER 1 or 2 BREAKER CLOSED setpoints are used to track incoming breaker status to prevent paralleling or for initiating permission-totransfer logic CLOSE FROM INCOMER 1 or 2 setpoints are used to signal the bus tie breaker to close TIE BREAKER CONNECTED setpoint is used to inhibit closing if the breaker is not connected or isolated TIE BREAKER CLOSED setpoint is used for breaker status and inhibit permission-to-transfer logic and prevent paralleling TRANSFORMER LOCKOUT and SOURCE TRIP setpoints are used to initiate a transfer. BLOCK TRANSFER setpoint disables the transfer scheme Table: 9 S3 Logic Inputs - Miscellaneous Functions page. SETTING PARAMETER Trigger Trace Memory Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Trigger Data Logger Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Simulate Fault Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) Start Demand Interval Disabled / (Input 1 to 20) 5.4 S4 OUTPUT RELAYS The S4 Output Relays settings contain the characteristics of the output relays. There are 7 user accessible output relays: 1 Trip 2 Close 3 Auxiliary 4 Auxiliary 5 Auxiliary 6 Auxiliary 7 Auxiliary 8 Self Test warning Table: 10 S4 Output Relays - 1 Trip page setting view. SETTING PARAMETER 1 TRIP Seal In Time 0.04 s Table: 11 S4 Output Relays - 2 Close page setting view. SETTING PARAMETER
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2 CLOSE Seal In Time
0.04 s
The seal time setpoint is used to set the minimum output pulse duration. On older model this time duration is not available and the contact close duration in controlled by the duration of the logic signal to the trip or close output relays. Function of the trip / close relays is governed by the state of the 52a / 52b contacts 52a 52 b 1 Trip Relay 2 Close Relay installed installed Initiated initiated Yes Yes Trip relay remains Close relay remains active until 52b close active until 52a opens Yes No Trip relay remains Close relay remains active until 52a opens active until 52a closes No Yes Trip remains active until Close remains active 52b closes until 52b opens No No Trip remains active until Close remains active for the Breaker failure times 200 ms out or 100ms after the trip command reset
Table: 12 S4 Output Relays - 3 (4) Auxiliary page setting view. SETTING PARAMETER 3 AUXILIARY Name 3 AUXILIARY 3 AUXILIARY Non-operated State De-energized / (Energized) 3 AUXILIARY Output Type Self-Resetting / (Latched/Pulsed) 5.4.1 Trip Relay Duration of contact closure can be set by 1 TRIP RELAY SEAL IN TIME setpoint. Trip function is asserted when: Command Open Breaker is asserted via EnerVista Local or Remote control mode is selected and its respective TRIP input is asserted Any protection element is asserted User Input set to 1 TRIP RELAY is asserted or
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Tripping function is inhibited when: Self Test Relay function places relay out of service or Logic input Blocks 1 TRIP RELAY is asserted 5.4.2 Close Relay Duration of contact closure can be set by 2 CLOSE RELAY SEAL IN TIME setpoint. Close function is asserted when: Command Close Breaker is asserted via EnerVista Local or Remote control mode and its respective CLOSE input is asserted Undervoltage restore is asserted Underfrequency restore is asserted Transfer Bus scheme is asserted Closing function is inhibited when: Breaker is in breaker failure mode Synchrocheck is not within specified limits or Bus Transfer scheme detects unsatisfied conditions or Logic input Blocks 2 CLOSE RELAY is asserted 5.4.3 Auxiliary Relays Function of the auxiliary output relays is user defined and can be assigned from the various control or protection elements. There are three operating mode: Latched Self-resetting Pulsed 5.4.4 Self-Test warning Relay (reserved for future)
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5.5 S5 Protection There are phase, ground, neutral, negative sequence and sensitive ground overcurrent elements. Phase Current elements Phase Time OC 1 Phase Time OC 2 Phase Instantaneous OC 1 Phase Instantaneous OC 2 Phase Directional Ground Current elements Ground Time OC Ground Instantaneous OC Ground Directional Neutral Current elements Neutral Time OC 1 Neutral Time OC 2 Neutral Instantaneous OC 1 Neutral Instantaneous OC 2 Neutral Directional Negative Sequence Negative Sequence Time OC Negative Sequence Instantaneous OC Negative Sequence Voltage Negative Sequence Directional Sensitive Ground Current Sensitive Ground Time Sensitive Ground Instant OC Sensitive Ground Directional Restricted Earth Fault
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Time Overcurrent Curve characteristic is established by its settings: Pick-up Curve Shape 1. Standard Curves ANSI: Extremely, Very, Normal or Moderately Inverse GE Type IAC: Extremely, Very, Short Inverse or Inverse IEC: Curve A,B or C orIEC short Inverse Definite time 2. Flexcurve A or B: user defined time current characteristics Multiplier Reset Time Pickup is the threshold current at which the time overcurrent element start timing Accuracy is 3% p.u. of pick-up setting Drop-out is 98% of pick-up threshold Pick-up setting corresponds to per unit x CT value Multiplier sets the timing at multiples of the base curve time values. A multiplier setting of zero results in an instantaneous operation above the pick-up value. Instantaneous mean no intentional time delay and correspond to the relay design operating with minimum delay. Reset time can be linear or instantaneous Time overcurrent calculations are performed with an internal energy capacity memory variable. When the variable reaches 100%, the element is asserted. A current value below the pick-up drop-out level will start to reduce the energy capacity number as per a reset time equation. Refer to manual page 5.45 Overcurrent operating time is dynamic at which the energy storage calculation will increase or decrease with any current detected above the pick-up value. For an evolving fault where the current gradually increases, the relay operating time becomes faster with larger current values. 5.5.1 Time Overcurrent Characteristics Definite Time Curve: Time range from 100ms to 10 second in increments of 100ms
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ANSI Curves conforms to ANSI C37.90 standard. ANSI is a North American Standard. The relay operating time is given by: T=M{A+ Where: B + D + E } 2 3 (I/Ipu)-C ((I/Ipu)-C) ((I/Ipu)-C) T = trip time in seconds M = multiplier values I = input current Ipu = pick-up current setpoint A,B,C,D,E = constants A .0399 .0615 .0274 .1735 B .2294 .7989 2.2614 .6791 C .5000 .3400 .3000 .8000 D 3.0094 -.2840 -4.1899 -.0800 E .7222 4.050 9.1272 .1271
ANSI Curve Shape ANSI Extremely Inverse ANSI Very Inverse ANSI Normally Inverse ANSI Moderately Inverse
See Appendix for operating time of ANSI curves
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IEC Curves conform to IEC 255-4 and BS142 standard. IEC is a European standard and BS is a British Standard. The relay operating time is given by: T=M{ Where: K } E (I/Ipu) -1) T = trip time in second M = multiplier setpoint I = input current Ipu = pick up current setpoint K, E = constants K .140 13.500 80.000 .050 E .020 1.000 2.000 .040
IEC (BS) Curve Shape IEC Curve A (BS142) IEC Curve B (BS142) IEC Curve C (BS142) IEC Short Inverse
See Appendix for operating time of IEC curves
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IAC Curves are General Electric type IAC relay curves. The relay operating time is given by: T=M{A+ Where: B + D + E } 2 3 (I/Ipu)-C ((I/Ipu)-C) ((I/Ipu)-C) T = trip time in seconds M = multiplier values I = input current Ipu = pick-up current setpoint A,B,C,D,E = constants A .0040 .0900 .2078 .0428 B .6379 .7955 .8630 .0609 C .6200 .1000 .8000 .6200 D 1.7872 -1.2885 -.4180 -.0010 E .2461 7.9586 .1947 .0221
IAC Curve Shape IAC Extremely Inverse IAC Very Inverse IAC Inverse IAC Short Inverse
See Appendix for operating time of IAC curves
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5.5.2 Phase Time Overcurrent Phase Time OC
Figure: SR-750 Phase Time OC trip logic diagram Two Phase Timed elements are provided. The two elements can be enabled by Logic Inputs for high-set or low set setting purposes. Phase Timed can be set to incorporate directional control and / or voltage restraint. Voltage restraint sensitizes the phase timed element pick-up value on the p.u. phase-phase voltage value. Minimum pickup value is 10% of the phase timed setting at 10% phase-to-phase voltage. The direction element is used to supervise tripping in the forward or reverse direction.
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Figure: SR-750 Phase Timed OC Voltage Restraint Characteristic
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5.5.3 Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent Phase Instantaneous OC
Figure: SR-750 Phase Instantaneous OC Trip Logic diagram Two Phase Instantaneous elements are provided. The two elements can be enabled by Logic inputs for high-set or low set setting purposes Phase Instantaneous tripping can be conditionally set for 1, 2 or 3 phase overcurrent conditions. The direction element is used to set the tripping in the forward direction.
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5.5.4 Directional Supervision The direction element can be enabled to supervise tripping in the forward or reverse direction. Directional supervision can be enabled for the various overcurrent elements. Phase Time and Instantaneous 1 (2) Neutral Time and Instantaneous 1 (2) Ground Time and Instantaneous Negative Sequence Time and Instantaneous Features of the direction elelemnts are: Built in 1 cycle delay for directional discrimination for reliability MTA is user settable MIN POLARIZING VOLTAGE set at p.u. of VT for directional element operation A voltage memory circuit is incorporated valid of 1 second after a fault Phase Overcurrent under directional control can be blocked by BLOCK OC WHEN VOLT MEM EXPIRES setpoint is Enabled 1. All directional controlled element will be blocked BLOCK OC WHEN VOLT MEM EXPIRES setpoint is Disabled: 1. Phase Overcurrent is inhibited until the polarizing voltage is restored. 2. Close Into Fault feature is active Phase Directional element The relay uses a 90 quadrature connection for phase directional polarization. Phase A B C Current Ia Ib Ic Polarizing voltage ABC Vbc Vca Vab Polarizing voltage ACB Vcb Vac Vba
An MTA setting of 90 represents an in phase current with it phase voltage since MTA reference is taken from polarizing voltage vector. An MTA of 30 result in a 60 PF lagging circuit.
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Phase Directional Element
Figure: Phase Directional Element Phasor Diagram
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5.6 Neutral Overcurrent Neutral Time OC
Figure: Neutral Time OC trip Logic diagram Four neutral overcurrent elements are provided Time 1 (2) Instantaneous 1 (2) Elements can be directional controlled Elements can be blocked individually or by a group by logic inputs Neutral current is derived from the zero sequence current and calculated by: 3I0 = Ia + Ib + Ic, which is the operating current
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Neutral Instantaneous OC
Figure: Neutral Instantaneous OC Trip Logic Diagram
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Neutral Directional Element
Figure: Neutral Directional Element Phasor Diagram Neutral Directional element can be current, voltage or dual polarized. Voltage polarizing quantity is derived from the zero sequence voltage - V0 = - (Va + Vb + Vc) / 3 VT must be wye connected Direction defaults to Forward if the polarizing voltage drops below MIN OPERATING VOLTAGE Current polarizing quantity is obtained for the Ground CT input or a dedicated polarizing CT input (for bootware rev 3.0 or higher) Direction is Forward when the Neutral current is within 90 of the polarizing current. Otherwise the direction is Reversed. Direction defaults to Forward if the polarizing current is < 5% of CT Dual Polarized use the polarizing voltage as the primary source and polarizing current takes over if the polarizing voltage is insufficient and vice versa. Direction defaults to Forward if neither polarizing voltage nor current values are sufficient Angle of maximum torque is where the operating current leads the polarizing voltage.
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5.7 Ground Overcurrent Ground Time OC
Figure: Ground Time OC Trip Logic Diagram Two Ground overcurrent elements are provided Gnd Time Gnd Instantaneous Elements can be directional controlled Elements can be blocked individually or by a group by logic inputs Ground input current from the ground CT (G10-H10) is the operating current Ground Directional element can be current, voltage or dual polarized.
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Ground Instantaneous OC
Figure: Ground Instantaneous OC Trip Logic Diagram
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Ground Directional Element
Figure: Ground Directional Logic diagram Voltage polarizing quantity is derived from the zero sequence voltage -V0 = - (Va + Vb + Vc) / 3 VT must be wye connected Direction defaults to Forward if the polarizing voltage drops below MIN OPERATING VOLTAGE Only Voltage polarized is provided for bootware rev 3.0 or newer where the Ground CT input I connected to G3-H3 Current polarizing quantity is obtained for the Ground Polarizing CT input (G3-H3). Direction is Forward when the Ground current is within 90 of the polarizing current. Otherwise the direction is Reversed. Direction defaults to Forward if the polarizing current is < 5% of CT Dual Polarized use the polarizing voltage as the primary source and polarizing current takes over if the polarizing voltage is insufficient and vice versa. Direction defaults to Forward if neither polarizing voltage nor current values are sufficient
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Ground Directional MTA and Polarizing circuit description MIN POLARIZING VOLTAGE must be set to prevent operation caused by unbalanced system voltage conditions, VT ratio errors. 2% of VT for balanced systems and 1% accuracy VTs 20% of VT for high resistance grounding system or floating neutrals 5% of VT for solidly grounded system Ground Directional MTA Angle of maximum torque is where the operating current leads the polarizing voltage.
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5.8 Sensitive Ground Overcurrent Sensitive Ground Time OC
Figure: Sensitive Ground Time OC trip logic Diagram Two Sensitive Ground overcurrent and a Restricted Earth Fault element are provided. Sensitive Gnd Time OC & Sensitive Gnd Inst OC Can be directional controlled Elements can be blocked individually or a group by logic inputs Restricted Earth Fault Available for transformer that do not have dedicated protection Requiring installation of stabilizing resistor. Stabilizing resistor allows circulating current to flow in saturated CT for external faults and minimizing the spill current flowing in the relay. Non-linear resistor is required if the voltage across the inputs is greater than 2000V. (Refer to the manual for resistor value calculations)
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Sensitive Ground Instantaneous OC
Figure: Sensitive Ground Instantaneous OC trip Logic Diagram Sensitive Ground input current from the Sensitive Ground CT (G3-H3) is the operating current.
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Sensitive Ground Directional element
Sensitive Ground Directional element can be current, voltage or dual polarized. Voltage polarizing quantity is derived from the zero sequence voltage - V0 = - (Va + Vb + Vc) / 3 VT must be wye connected Direction defaults to Forward if the polarizing voltage drops below MIN OPERATING VOLTAGE Polarizing current input is obtained for the Ground CT input (G10-H10). Direction is Forward when the Sensitive Ground current is within 90 of the polarizing current. Otherwise the direction is Reversed. Direction defaults to Forward if the polarizing current is < 5% of CT Dual Polarized use the polarizing voltage as the primary source and polarizing current takes over if the polarizing voltage is insufficient and vice versa Direction defaults to Forward if neither polarizing voltage nor current values are sufficient Sensitive Ground Directional MTA and Polarizing circuit description MIN POLARIZING VOLTAGE must be set to prevent operation caused by unbalanced system voltage conditions, VT ratio errors. 2% of VT for balanced systems and 1% accuracy VTs 20% of VT for high resistance grounding system or floating neutrals
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5% of VT for solidly grounded system Sensitive Ground Directional MTA Angle of maximum torque is where the operating current leads the polarizing voltage.
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5.9 Negative Sequence Overcurrent
Three Negative Sequence elements are provided Neg Sequence Time OC, Neg Sequence Inst OC & Neg Sequence Voltage Overcurrent elements can be directional controlled Elements can be blocked individually or as a group by logic inputs
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Negative Sequence Instantaneous OC
Figure: Negative Sequence Instantaneous OC Trip Logic Diagram Operating current and polarizing voltage is calculated based on the system rotation System Rotation ABC ACB Operating Current Ia2 = Ia + a2Ib + aIc 3 Ia2 = Ia + aIb + a2Ic 3 Polarizing Voltage -Va2 = Va + a2Vb + aVc 3 -Va2 = Va + aVb + a2Vc 3
VT must be wye connected Direction defaults to Forward if the polarizing voltage drops below MIN OPERATING VOLTAGE
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Negative Sequence Directional element
Figure: Negative Sequence Directional Logic diagram Negative Sequence Polarizing circuit description MIN POLARIZING VOLTAGE must be set to prevent operation caused by unbalanced system voltage conditions, VT ratio errors. 2% of VT for balanced systems and 1% accuracy VTs 20% of VT for high resistance grounding system or floating neutrals 5% of VT for solidly grounded system Negative Sequence Directional MTA Angle of maximum torque is where the operating current leads the polarizing voltage.
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Negative Sequence Voltage
Figure: Negative Sequence Voltage Logic diagram Negative sequence voltage element will operate when specified threshold is exceeded Protection for loss of 1 or 2 phases Protection for reverse phasing 5.10 Voltage Four Undervoltage, two Overvoltage & a Neutral Displacement elements are provided. Undervoltage elements will assert when a sustained low voltage drops below a voltage setpoint for a specified time delay. Undervoltage can incorporate an inverse time delay characteristic where the operating time given by: T = D / ( 1 V / Vpu) where: T = Operating time D = Undervoltage delay setpoint V = Voltage in p.u. of VT Vpu = Pickup level
At 0% of pick-up, the operating time equals the undervoltage delay setpoint
A family of curves can be generated from the equation

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Bus Undervoltage
Figure: Bus Indervoltage Auxiliary Trip Logic Diagram Bus Undervoltage 1 and 2 are identical elements The voltage inputs are from the Bus Vts The elements will be asserted when an undervoltage is sustained after for the setpoint delay time plus the curve delay time. Definite time curve equates to zero second of curve time.
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Line Undervoltage
Figure: Line Undervoltage Auxiliary Trip Logic diagram Line Undervoltage 3 and 4 are identical elements The voltage inputs are from the Line Vts Definite time curve equates to zero second of curve time
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Overvoltage
Figure: Overvoltage Auxiliary Trip Logic diagram Line Overvoltage 1 and 2 are identical elements The voltage inputs are from the bus VTs The elements will be asserted when an overvoltage is sustained after the setpoint delay time
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Neutral Displacement
Figure: Neutral Displacement Auxiliary Trip Logic Diagram Neutral Displacement element uses the 3V0 values Bus VTs must be wye connected Uses Voltage time curve identical to the current curve but except with voltage on the x-axis Pick-up is at p.u. of VT 3V0 values cannot be differentiated between a fault on the associated line or a fault on adjacent line. Neutral Displacement function should then be used for alarm or back-up protection.
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5.11 Frequency Three frequency elements are provided Underfrequency 1 and 2 & Frequency Decay Frequency decay is a rate of change element Underfrequency
Figure: Underfrequency Auxiliary Trip Logic Diagram The voltage inputs are from the bus VTs The elements will be asserted when a low frequency is sustained below the frequency pick-up level for the setpoint delay time.
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Frequency Decay
Figure: Frequency Decay Auxiliary trip Logic Diagram A Frequency Decay element is provided Used for tripping, latched alarm, alarm or control function if enabled Can be block by Logic Inputs Uses the highest phase current inputs for the Minimum Operating Current setpoint Uses the bus voltage inputs for minimum operating voltage Van for wye connected VTs Vab for delta connected VTs
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5.12 Breaker Failure
Figure: Breaker Failure Auxiliary Trip Logic Diagram The Breaker Failure element monitors the phase currents while a protection trip exists. If any phase current is still above the Breaker Failure Current after the Breaker Failure Delay time expires while a protection trip still exist, a breaker failure condition will be asserted. Two delay time are provided Breaker Failure Delay 1 begins timing once a protection trip is initiated. Breaker Failure Delay 2 begins timing once a breaker failure condition is asserted. The auxiliary relay will be asserted once the time delay 2 has expired. Breaker Failure timing will reset when protection trip resets. A breaker failure condition will block the auto-reclosing scheme and auxiliary output can be used to send a trip signal to adjacent zones.
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6. Commissioning 6.1 Installation Checks Check the relay nameplate values matches the connected devices: Phase CTs secondary rating Ground CTs secondary rating Supply voltage level Analog device output rating Check the relay is installed as per the applicable schematics Check external wiring is correct Check all ground terminal are connected to the ground bus. 6.2 Metering Test Perform Metering test: Apply balance 3-phase voltage and current, test at unity PF, 50% PF at full load and at 50% load. Apply these quantities: 50% load at Unity Power factor Va = 67 0 Ia = 2.5 A 0 Vb = 67 -120 Ib = 2.5 A -120 Vc = 67 120 Ic = 2.5 A 120 50% load at 30% lagging Power factor Va = 67 0 Ia = 2.5 A -30 Vb = 67 -120 Ib = 2.5 A -150 Vc = 67 120 Ic = 2.5 A 90 Full load at Unity Power factor Va = 67 0 Ia = 5.0 A Vb = 67 -120 Ib = 5.0 A Vc = 67 120 Ic = 5.0 A Full load at 30% Power factor Va = 67 0 Ia = 5.0 A Vb = 67 -120 Ib = 5.0 A Vc = 67 120 Ic = 5.0 A 0 -120 120 -30 -150 90
Metering values should be within 1% CT and VT settings can be checked off once testing is complete
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6.3 Logic Input Test Apply +ve 32 Vdc available from internal power supply at terminal C12 to each Logic Input terminals. Ensure that Logic Input 1 through 14 is asserted when voltage is applied. View the Logic Input states in the A1 Status page under the Hardware tab. Terminal Logic Input Terminal Logic Input Terminal Logic Input C1 1 C6 6 D4 11 C2 2 C7 7 D5 12 C3 3 D1 8 D6 13 C4 4 D2 9 D7 14 C5 5 D3 10 The Logic Input Setup 1 through 14 can be checked off once testing is completed. 6.4 Output test Initiate Command to Trip and Close. Monitor associated output contacts and LED indicators. Terminals Contact Form Output E2 F2 NO 1 TRIP E3 F3 NO 2 OPEN E4 F4 E5 NO Com NC 3 Auxiliary F5 F6 E6 NO Com NC 4 Auxiliary E8 F7 E7 NO Com NC 5 Auxiliary F8 F9 E9 NO Com NC 6 Auxiliary E11 F10 E10 NO Com NC 7 Auxiliary Initiate Command to Trip and Close. Monitor associated output contacts and LED indicators. Program User Input A to trip and operate auxiliary relay 3 to 7. Select an useable hardware input and assert the hardware Input A with +32 Vdc control power. Monitor auxiliary output contacts 3 to 7 and LED Indicators. Reset user Input A back to normal once testing is complete. Note: The under Setpoint and S8 Testing in Enervista, there is a FORCE function that can assert every output relay contact as an alternative testing method. The 1 Trip, 2 Close and 3-7 Auxiliary Output Relays can be checked off once testing is complete.
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6.5 Phase Time Overcurrent Pickup test:
Phase-A Pick-up test: Inject balance voltages and Phase-A Itest at 1.05 and .95 of the Pickup setpoint value. Monitor: PICKUP LED on the front panel Itest at 1.05 pu = 1.25 x 5A x 1.05 = 6.56 A Itest at .95 pu= 1.25 x 5A = .95 = 5.94 A Pre-fault Mag Va 69.3 Vb 69.3 Vc 69.3 Ia 0 Ib 0 Ic 0 Fault 1 (Pickup +5%) Angle Freq Mag Angle Freq 0 60 Va 69.3 0 60 -120 60 Vb 69.3 -120 60 120 60 Vc 69.3 120 60 0 60 Ia 6.56 0 60 -120 60 Ib 6.56 -120 60 120 60 Ic 6.56 120 60 Reset (Pickup 5%) Mag Angle Freq Va 69.3 0 60 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vc 69.3 120 60 Ia 5.94 0 60 Ib 5.94 -120 60 Ic 5.94 120 60
Phase-B and C Pick-up test: Repeat single phase current injection for Phase-B and Phase-C with in phase current. Level accuracy: +/- .5% of full scale at < 2 x CT; +/- 1% of full scale at > 2 x CT. Phase Time Overcurent 1 Pick-up can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.5.1 Phase Time Overcurrent Timing test:
Phase-A Timing test: Inject balance voltages and Phase-A Itest at 3X and 6X of the Pickup setpoint value. Contact Monitor: 1 TRIP Timing Start: Current initiate Timing Stop / Current stop: 1 TRIP closure Itest at 3X = 1.25 x 5A x 3 = 18.75 A Itest at 6X = 1.25 x 5A x 6 = 37.5 A Pre-fault Mag Va 69.3 Vb 69.3 Vc 69.3 Ia 0 Ib Ic 0 0 Fault 1 (Pickup 3X) Angle Freq Mag Angle 0 60 Va 69.3 0 -120 60 Vb 69.3 -120 120 60 Vc 69.3 120 0 60 Ia 18.7 0 5 -120 60 Ib 18.7 -120 5 120 60 Ic 18.7 120 5 Fault 2 (Pickup 6X) Freq Mag Angle 60 Va 69.3 0 60 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vc 69.3 120 60 Ia 37.5 0 60 60 Ib Ic 37.5 37.5 -120 120 Freq 60 60 60 60 60 60
Phase-B and C Timing test: Repeat single phase current injection for Phase-B and Phase-C with in phase current.
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Timing accuracy: +/- 3% of trip time value or +/- 40 ms (whichever is greater). Phase Time Overcurrent 1 Curve and Multiplier can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.5.2 Phase Instantaneous Pick-up test:
Phase-A Pick-up test: Inject balance voltages and Phase-A Itest at 1.05 and .95 of the Pickup setpoint value. Monitor: 1 TRIP contact Timing Start: Current initiate Timing Stop / Current stop: 1 TRIP closure Itest at 1.05 = 8 x 5A x 1.05 = 42.0 A, 3 cycle pulse duration. Itest at .95 = 8 x 5A x .95 = 38.0 A, 3 cycle pulse duration. Pre-fault Mag Va 69.3 Vb 69.3 Vc 69.3 Ia 0 Ib 0 Ic 0 Fault 1 (Pickup + 5%) Angle Freq Mag Angle Freq 0 60 Va 69.3 0 60 -120 60 Vb 69.3 -120 60 120 60 Vc 69.3 120 60 0 60 Ia 42.0 0 60 -120 60 Ib 42.0 -120 60 120 60 Ic 42.0 120 60 Fault 0 (Pickup 5%) Mag Angle Freq Va 69.3 0 60 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vc 69.3 120 60 Ia 38.0 0 60 Ib 38.0 -120 60 Ic 38.0 120 60
Repeat single phase current injection for Phase-B and Phase-C with in phase current. Level accuracy: +/- .5% of full scale at < 2 x CT; +/- 1% of full scale at > 2 x CT. Timing accuracy: +/- 20ms or +/- 1% of delay setting (whichever is greater). Phase Instantaneous Pickup / Delay can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.5.3 Phase Directional MTA test:
Phase-A Pick-up test: Phase Time OC 1 Direction = Forward Inject balance voltages and Itest at 1.25X of the Phase Time Pickup setpoint value. Itest = 1.25 x 5A x 1.25 = 7.81A Set current direction at 5 of the tripping boundary Directional element boundaries = -90ref + 30lead 90 = 30 and -150 Inject single Phase-A current at angular displacement of 25, 35, -145 and -155 Monitor: PICKUP LED on the front panel Itest at 1.25 pu = 1.25 x 5A x 1.25 = 7.81A Pre-fault Fault 1 ref = 25 / -145 Mag Angle Freq Mag Angle Freq Va 69.3 0 60 Va 69.3 0 60 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vc 69.3 120 60 Vc 69.3 120 60 Ia 0 0 60 Ia 7.81 25 60 Ib 0 -120 60 Ib 7.81 -95 60 Ic 0 120 60 Ic 7.81 145 60 Fault 0 ref = 35 / -155 Mag Angle Freq Va 69.3 0 60 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vc 69.3 120 60 Ia 7.81 35 60 Ib 7.81 -85 60 Ic 7.81 155 60
Repeat single phase current injection for Phase-B and Phase-C. Repeat single phase current injection for Phase-A-B-C using Phase-A ref angle of --145 and -155 Pickup LED should be ON during Fault 1 and OFF during Fault 0. Angle accuracy: +/- 2.
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Phase Directional MTA can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.5.4 Phase Directional Minimum Polarizing Voltage test:
Phase-A Pick-up test: Set the Phase Time OC 1 Direction setpoint = Enabled Inject balance voltages and Itest at 1.25 of the Phase Time Pickup setpoint value. Itest = 1.25 x 5A x 1.25 = 7.81A Set current direction at the -60 which is the calculated MTA. Inject single Phase-A current Monitor: PICKUP LED on the front panel Vtest at .95 pu = (.50 x 69.3V x .95) / 3 = 19.0 V Vtest at 1.05 pu = (.50 x 69.3 x 1.05) / 3 = 21.0 V Pre-fault Mag Va 69.3 Vb 69.3 Vc 69.3 Ia 0 Ib 0 Ic 0 Fault 1 (Vpol + 5%) Angle Freq Mag Angle 0 60 Va 21.0 0 -120 60 Vb 21.0 -120 120 60 Vc 21.0 120 0 60 Ia 8.71 -60 -120 60 Ib 8.71 -180 120 60 Ic 8.71 60 Fault 0 (Vpol 5%) Freq Mag Angle 60 Va 19.0 0 60 Vb 19.0 -120 60 Vc 19.0 120 60 Ia 8.71 -60 60 Ib 8.71 -180 60 Ic 8.71 60 Freq 60 60 60 60 60 60
Repeat single phase current injection for Phase-B and Phase-C. Pickup LED should be ON during Fault 1 and OFF during Fault 0. Phase Minimum Polarizing Voltage can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.5.5 Phase Time OC Voltage Restraint Test:
Phase-A Pickup Test: Phase Time OC Voltage Restraint = Enabled Inject .80 pu balance voltages and Itest at 5% of the calculated Pickup setpoint value. Vtest = 69.3v x .80 = 55.44V Ipickup = 1.25 x 5A x .8 = 5.00A Itest at .95 pu = 5.00A x .95 = 4.75A Itest at 1.05 pu = 5.00A x 1.05 = 5.25A Pre-fault Fault 1 (Ipu + 5%) Mag Angle Freq Mag Angle Va 69.3 0 60 Va 55.4 0 4 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vb 55.4 -120 4 Vc 69.3 120 60 Vc 55.4 120 4 Ia 0 0 60 Ia 5.25 0 Ib 0 -120 60 Ib 5.25 -120 Ic 0 120 60 Ic 5.25 120 Fault 0 (Ipu 5%) Freq Mag Angle 60 Va 55.4 0 4 60 Vb 55.4 -120 4 60 Vc 55.4 120 4 60 Ia 4.75 0 60 Ib 4.75 -120 60 Ic 4.75 120 Freq 60 60 60 60 60 60
Repeat single phase current injection for Phase-B and Phase-C. Pickup LED should be ON during Fault 1 and OFF during Fault 0.
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Phase Time OC Voltage Restraint can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.6 Negative Sequence Time OC Pickup Test:
Phase-A Pick-up test: Inject balance voltages and Phase-A I2test at 1.05 and .95 of the Pickup setpoint value. Monitor: PICKUP LED on the front panel I2test at 1.05 pu = .25 x 5A x 1.05 = 1.31 A I2test at .95 pu= .25 x 5A = .95 = 1.19 A Pre-fault Mag 69.3 69.3 69.3 69.3 69.3 69.3 Ia 0 Ib 0 Ic 0 Fault 1 (Ipu + 5%) Angle Freq Mag Angle 0 60 Va 69.3 0 -120 60 Vb 69.3 -120 120 60 Vc 69.3 120 0 60 Ia 3.93 0 -120 60 Ib 3.93 -120 120 60 Ic 3.93 120 Fault 0 (Ipu 5%) Freq Mag Angle 60 Va 69.3 0 60 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vc 69.3 120 60 Ia 3.93 0 60 Ib 3.93 -120 60 Ic 3.93 120 Freq 60 60 60 60 60 60
Repeat single phase current injection for Phase-B and Phase-C. Pickup LED should be ON during Fault 1 and OFF during Fault 0. Level Accuracy: +/- 1.5% of full scale at < 2 x CT; +/- 3% of full scale at > 2 x CT. Negative Sequence Time OC Pickup can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.6.1 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent Timing test:
Three Phase Timing test: Inject balance voltages and balance I2test at 3X and 6X of the Pickup setpoint value. Contact Monitor: 1 TRIP Timing Start: Current initiate Timing Stop / Current stop: 1 TRIP closure I2test at 3X pu= .25 x 5A x 3 = 3.75 A I2test at 6X pu= .25 x 5A x 6 = 7.5 A Pre-fault Mag Va 69.3 Vb 69.3 Vc 69.3 Ia 0 Ib 0 Ic 0 Fault 1 (Pickup 3X) Angle Freq Mag Angle 0 60 Va 69.3 0 -120 60 Vb 69.3 -120 120 60 Vc 69.3 120 0 60 Ia 3.75 0 -120 60 Ib 3.75 120 120 60 Ic 3.75 -120 Fault 2 (Pickup 6X) Freq Mag Angle 60 Va 69.3 0 60 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vc 69.3 120 60 Ia 7.5 0 60 Ib 7.5 120 60 Ic 7.5 -120 Freq 60 60 60 60 60 60
Note: that rotation has been reversed to produce balanced the negative sequence currents. Timing accuracy: +/- 3% of trip time value or +/- 40 ms (whichever is greater). Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent Curve and Multiplier can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.6.2 Negative Sequence Directional test:
Phase-A Forward Pick-up test: Inject balance voltages and I2test at 1.25X of the Phase Time Pickup setpoint value. I2test = .25 x 5A x 1.25 = 1.56A Set current direction at Phase Time OC MTA. Inject single Phase-A current at angular displacement of -60 Forward and 120 Reverse. Monitor: PICKUP LED on the front panel Itest at 1.25 pu = 1.25 x 5A x 1.25 = 7.81A Pre-fault Fault 1 ref = -60 Mag Angle Freq Mag Angle Va 69.3 0 60 Va 69.3 0 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vb 69.3 -120 Vc 69.3 120 60 Vc 69.3 120 Ia 0 0 60 Ia 4.67 -60 Ib 0 -120 60 Ib 4.68 180 Ic 0 120 60 Ic 4.68 60 Fault 0 ref = 120 Freq Mag Angle 60 Va 69.3 0 60 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vc 69.3 120 60 Ia 4.67 120 60 Ib 4.67 0 60 Ic 4.67 -120
Freq 60 60 60 60 60 60
Repeat single phase current injection for Phase-B and Phase-C. Pickup LED should be ON during Fault 1 and OFF during Fault 0. Negative Sequence Time OC Direction can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.6.3 Negative Sequence Instantaneous OC Pick-up test:
Phase-A Pick-up test: Inject balance voltages and balance I2test at 1.05 and .95 of the Pickup setpoint value. Monitor: 1 TRIP contact Timing Start: Current initiate Timing Stop / Current stop: 1 TRIP closure Itest at 1.05 pu = 1.0 x 5A x 1.05 = 5.25 A, 3 cycle pulse duration. Itest at .95 pu = 1.0 x 5A x .95 = 4.75 A, 3 cycle pulse duration. Pre-fault Mag Va 69.3 Vb 69.3 Vc 69.3 Ia 0 Ib 0 Ic 0 Fault 1 (Pickup + 5%) Angle Freq Mag Angle Freq 0 60 Va 69.3 0 60 -120 60 Vb 69.3 -120 60 120 60 Vc 69.3 120 60 0 60 Ia 5.25 0 60 -120 60 Ib 5.25 120 60 120 60 Ic 5.25 -120 60 Fault 0 (Pickup 5%) Mag Angle Freq Va 69.3 0 60 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vc 69.3 120 60 Ia 4.75 0 60 Ib 4.75 120 60 Ic 4.75 -120 60
Level Accuracy: +/- 1.5% of full scale at < 2 x CT; +/- 3% of full scale at > 2 x CT. Timing accuracy: +/- 20ms or +/- 1% of delay setting (whichever is greater). Phase Instantaneous Pickup can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.7 Bus Undervoltage Pickup test:
Phase-A Pick-up test: Apply three phase voltage unbalance with a single phase undervoltage. Vtest at 1.05 and .95 of the Pickup setpoint value. Monitor: PICKUP LED on the front panel Vtest at 1.05 pu = .75 x 69.3V x 1.05 = 54.6V Vtest at .95 pu= .75 x 69.3V = .95 = 49.4V Pre-fault Mag Va 69.3 Vb 69.3 Vc 69.3 Ia 0 Ib 0 Ic 0 Fault 1 (Pickup -5%) Angle Freq Mag Angle Freq 0 60 Va 49.4 0 60 -120 60 Vb 49.4 -120 60 120 60 Vc 49.4 120 60 0 60 Ia 0 0 60 -120 60 Ib 0 -120 60 120 60 Ic 0 120 60 Reset (Pickup + 5%) Mag Angle Freq Va 54.6 0 60 Vb 54.6 -120 60 Vc 54.6 120 60 Ia 0 0 60 Ib 0 -120 60 Ic 0 120 60
Phase-B and C Pick-up test: Repeat voltage unbalance for Phase-B and Phase-C undervoltage condition. Level accuracy: +/- .25% of full scale (11 to 130V); +/- 8% of full scale (130 to 273V). For open delta connection, error is 2 times as shown. Bus Undervoltage Pick-up can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.7.1 Bus Undervoltage Timing test:
Three Phase Undervoltage timing Test: Apply three phase voltage balanced undervoltage. Vtest at .75 of the Pickup setpoint value and at .95 of the Minimum Operating Voltage value. Contact Monitor: 1 TRIP Timing Start: Voltage step change initiate Timing Stop / Voltage stop: 1 TRIP closure V1test at .75 pu = .75 x 69.3V x .75 = 38.9V V2test at .95 Vmin = .30 x 69.3 x .95 = 19.75V Pre-fault Fault 1 (Pickup - 5%) Fault 0 (Vmin - 5%) Mag Angle Freq Mag Angle Freq Mag Angle Va 69.3 0 60 Va 38.9 0 60 Va 19.7 0 5 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vb 38.9 -120 60 Vb 19.7 -120 5 Vc 69.3 120 60 Vc 38.9 120 60 Vc 19.7 120 5 Ia 0 0 60 Ia 0 0 60 Ia 0 0 Ib 0 -120 60 Ib 0 -120 60 Ib 0 -120 Ic 0 120 60 Ic 0 120 60 Ic 0 120 Confirm operating times are within 5ms of calibrated time value. Pickup LED should be ON during Fault 1 and OFF during Fault 0. Timing accuracy: +/- 100 msec.
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Freq 60 60 60 60 60 60
Bus Undervoltage Pick-up can Minimum Operating Voltage can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.8 UnderFrequency Pickup Test:
Three Phase Underfrequency Pickup Test: Apply three phase balanced voltage and current with an underfrequency component. Ftest at .10Hz of pickup Monitor: PICKUP LED on the front panel Ftest at + .10Hz = 58.50Hz + .10Hz = 58.60Hz Ftest at .10Hz = 58.50Hz .10Hz = 58.40Hz Iref = 1.5A Pre-fault Fault 1 (Pickup .10Hz) Mag Angle Freq Mag Angle Freq Va 69.3 0 60 Va 69.3 0 58.4 0 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vb 69.3 -120 58.4 0 Vc 69.3 120 60 Vc 69.3 120 58.4 0 Ia 0 0 60 Ia 1.5 0 60 Ib 0 -120 60 Ib 1.5 -120 60 Ic 0 120 60 Ic 1.5 120 60 Fault 0 (Pickup + .10Hz) Mag Angle Freq Va 69.3 0 58.60 Vb Vc Ia Ib Ic 69.3 -120 69.3 120 1.5 1.5 1.5 0 -120 120 58.60 58.60 60 60 60
Pickup LED should be ON during Fault 1 and OFF during Fault 0. Level accuracy: +/- .02 Hz. Underfrequency Pick-up can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.8.1UnderFrequency Timing Test:
Three Phase Underfrequency Timing Test: Apply three phase balanced voltage and current with an underfrequency component. Ftest at 1.0Hz of pickup Contact Monitor: 1 TRIP Timing Start: Current initiate Timing Stop: 1 TRIP closure . Ftest = 58.50Hz 1.0Hz = 57.50Hz Iref = 1.5A Pre-fault Mag Va 69.3 Vb 69.3 Vc 69.3 Ia 0 Ib 0 Ic 0 Fault 1 (Pickup - 25%) Angle Freq Mag Angle Freq 0 60 Va 69.3 0 57.50 -120 60 Vb 69.3 -120 57.50 120 60 Vc 69.3 120 57.50 0 60 Ia 1.5 0 57.50 -120 60 Ib 1.5 -120 57.50 120 60 Ic 1.5 120 57.50
Confirm operating times are within 5ms of delay time value. Timing accuracy: +/- 100 msec. Underfrequency Delay can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.8.2 Underfrequency Minimum Operating Voltage test:
Three Phase Minimum Operating Voltage Test: Apply three phase balanced voltage and current with an underfrequency component. Vtest at 5% V1test at 5% = .70 x 69.3V x .95 = 46.1V V2test at + 5% = .70 x 69.3V x 1.05 = 50.9 V Ftest = 57.50Hz Monitor: PICKUP LED on the front panel Pre-fault Fault 1 (Vtest + 5%) Mag Angle Freq Mag Angle Freq Va 69.3 0 60 Va 46.1 0 57.5 0 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vb 46.1 -120 57.5 0 Vc 69.3 120 60 Vc 46.1 120 57.5 0 Ia 0 0 60 Ia 1.5 0 57.5 0 Ib 0 -120 60 Ib 1.5 -120 57.5 0 Ic 0 120 60 Ic 1.5 120 57.5 0 Fault 0 (Vtest 5%) Mag Angle Freq Va 50.9 0 57.50 Vb Vc Ia Ib Ic 50.9 50.9 1.5 1.5 1.5 -120 120 0 -120 120 57.50 57.50 57.50 57.50 57.50
Repeat single phase current injection for Phase-B and Phase-C. Pickup LED should be ON during Fault 1 and OFF during Fault 0.
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Level accuracy: +/- .25% of full scale (11 to 130V); +/- 8% of full scale (130 to 273V). For open delta connection, error is 2 times as shown. Phase Minimum Polarizing Voltage can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.8.3 Underfrequency Minimum Operating Current
Three Phase Minimum Operating Current Test: Apply three phase balanced voltage and current with an underfrequency component. Itest at 5% Minimum Current I1test at 5% = .20 x 5A x .95 = .95A I2test at + 5% = .20 x 5A x 1.05 = 1.05A Ftest = 57.50Hz Monitor: PICKUP LED on the front panel Pre-fault Fault 1 (Vtest + 5%) Mag Angle Freq Mag Angle Freq Va 69.3 0 60 Va 69.3 0 57.5 0 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vb 69.3 -120 57.5 0 Vc 69.3 120 60 Vc 69.3 120 57.5 0 Ia 0 0 60 Ia 1.05 0 57.5 0 Ib 0 -120 60 Ib 1.05 -120 57.5 0 Ic 0 120 60 Ic 1.05 120 57.5 0 Fault 0 (Vtest 5%) Mag Angle Freq Va 69.3 0 57.50 Vb Vc Ia Ib Ic 69.3 69.3 .95 .95 .95 -120 120 0 -120 120 57.50 57.50 57.50 57.50 57.50
Pickup LED should be ON during Fault 1 and OFF during Fault 0. Level accuracy: +/- .5% of full scale at < 2 x CT; +/- 1% of full scale at > 2 x CT.
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Underfrequency Minimum Operating Current can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.9 Breaker Failure Timing Test:
Breaker Failure Timing Test: Pre-condition: Logic Input Breaker Functions 52a contact must be assigned. Assert 52a contact close condition. Apply any fault condition to initiate 1 Trip output. Apply Bus Undervoltage condition at .50 x VT Iref = 3.0A Vtest = .50 x 69.3V = 34.65V Contact Monitor: 7 Auxiliary Timing Start: 1 TRIP Timing Stop/Voltage Stop: 7 Auxiliary Pre-fault Fault 1 (Vtest + 5%) Mag Angle Freq Mag Angle Va 69.3 0 60 Va 34.6 0 5 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vb 34.6 -120 5 Vc 69.3 120 60 Vc 34.6 120 5 Ia 0 0 60 Ia 3.0 0 Ib 0 -120 60 Ib 3.0 -120 Ic 0 120 60 Ic 3.0 120 Freq 60 60 60 60 60 60
Confirm operating times are within 5ms of delay time value. Timing accuracy: +/- 20 msec. Breaker Failure Delay can be checked off once testing is completed.
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6.10 Breaker Failure Minimum Current Test:
Breaker Failure Current Test: Pre-condition: Logic Input Breaker Functions 52a contact must be assigned. Assert 52a contact close condition. Apply any fault condition to initiate 1 Trip output. Apply Bus Undervoltage condition at .50 x VT Vref = .50 x 69.3V = 34.65V Itest = 5% I1test = .5 x 5A x 1.05 = 2.63A I2test = .5 x 5A x .95 = 2.38A Contact Monitor: 7 Auxiliary Timing Start: 1 TRIP Timing Stop/Voltage Stop: 7 Auxiliary Pre-fault Fault 1 (Itest + 5%) Mag Angle Freq Mag Angle Va 69.3 0 60 Va 34.6 0 5 Vb 69.3 -120 60 Vb 34.6 -120 5 Vc 69.3 120 60 Vc 34.6 120 5 Ia 0 0 60 Ia 2.63 0 Ib 0 -120 60 Ib 2.63 -120 Ic 0 120 60 Ic 2.63 120 Freq 60 60 60 60 60 60 Fault 0 (Itest 5%) Mag Angle Va 34.6 0 5 Vb 34.6 -120 5 Vc 34.6 120 5 Ia 2.38 0 Ib 2.38 -120 Ic 2.38 120 Freq 60 60 60 60 60 60
Confirm Fault 1operating times are within 5ms of delay time value. Confirm Fault 2 did not assert 7 Auxiliary.
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Level accuracy: +/- .5% of full scale at < 2 x CT; +/- 1% of full scale at > 2 x CT. Breaker Failure Current can be checked off once testing is completed.
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SR 750 Commissioning Course Rev 2

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Electrical Industry Training Centre SR-750 GE Multilin Feeder Protection Commissioning Course

5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.4.1 5.4.2

Protection settings Control settings Testing settings

Lab 1: Setpoint Entry via The Interface Panel

Refer to Table 1: S2 System Setup

Note: Make use of the HELP key once a setpoint is displayed.

Figure 1: Hardware Block Diagram

3.3 Rear Terminal Layout

Table: 14 Group C & D Terminal Assignment

Table: 15 Group E & F Terminal Assignment

Table: 16 Group G & H Terminal Assignment

Figure: Ground CT Input Connection options

Figure: SR-750 Grounding connections

120.0 V 120.0 : 1 60 Hz ABC 20.0 cents/kWh

Cold Load Pickup Setpoint Group 2 Setpoint Group 3 Setpoint Group 4

2 CLOSE Seal In Time

See Appendix for operating time of ANSI curves

See Appendix for operating time of IEC curves

See Appendix for operating time of IAC curves

5.5.2 Phase Time Overcurrent Phase Time OC

Figure: SR-750 Phase Timed OC Voltage Restraint Characteristic

5.5.3 Phase Instantaneous Overcurrent Phase Instantaneous OC

Phase Directional Element

Figure: Phase Directional Element Phasor Diagram

5.6 Neutral Overcurrent Neutral Time OC

Figure: Neutral Instantaneous OC Trip Logic Diagram

Neutral Directional Element

5.7 Ground Overcurrent Ground Time OC

Figure: Ground Instantaneous OC Trip Logic Diagram

Ground Directional Element

5.8 Sensitive Ground Overcurrent Sensitive Ground Time OC

Sensitive Ground Instantaneous OC

Sensitive Ground Directional element

5.9 Negative Sequence Overcurrent

Negative Sequence Instantaneous OC

Negative Sequence Directional element

Negative Sequence Voltage

At 0% of pick-up, the operating time equals the undervoltage delay setpoint

A family of curves can be generated from the equation

5.12 Breaker Failure

6.5 Phase Time Overcurrent Pickup test:

6.5.1 Phase Time Overcurrent Timing test:

6.5.2 Phase Instantaneous Pick-up test:

6.5.3 Phase Directional MTA test:

Phase Directional MTA can be checked off once testing is completed.

6.5.4 Phase Directional Minimum Polarizing Voltage test:

6.5.5 Phase Time OC Voltage Restraint Test:

6.6 Negative Sequence Time OC Pickup Test:

6.6.1 Negative Sequence Time Overcurrent Timing test:

6.6.2 Negative Sequence Directional test:

6.6.3 Negative Sequence Instantaneous OC Pick-up test:

6.7 Bus Undervoltage Pickup test:

6.7.1 Bus Undervoltage Timing test:

6.8 UnderFrequency Pickup Test:

6.8.1UnderFrequency Timing Test:

6.8.2 Underfrequency Minimum Operating Voltage test:

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6.8.3 Underfrequency Minimum Operating Current

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6.9 Breaker Failure Timing Test:

6.10 Breaker Failure Minimum Current Test:

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