Discussion of paper idea

31. Marts 2006

Little Boxes-
An Explorative Study of
Entrepreneurship processes
in the light of Leadership versus
Management
Mona Toft Madsen &
Poul Rind Christensen
Characteristics of the research field in
entrepreneurship
Many disciplines are involved
Investigations on level of
society
organizational
Interorganizational
groups
individual actors
Many definitions of entrepreneurship
Characteristics of the fields of
leadership-management
Leadership contributions often based on psychology (leader-follower
relations)
Management contributions from disciplines such as political science,
engineering, and sociology (structures,systems, organizing, planning,
control)
Separated research fields of leadership and management (managing
people and managing structures become separated)
Dichotonomy in business rhetoric:
Leadership is good, management is trivial
Same tendency in entrepreneurship rhetoric
Leadership-Management Fokus
Management
Short sighted
Stability
Do things right
Problemsolving
Systems/structure
s
Authority relations
Control
Leadership
Long sighted
Change
Do right things
Problem identification
People
Influence relations
Trust
From leadership versus management to
competing values
Flexibility
Internal Focus External
Focus
Control
People
Stability Production
Change
(Based on Quinn, 1988)
Production:
Profit /bottom line
High Productivity
Clarification of tasks
Setting objectives
Action oriented
Planning
Define problems
Select alternatives
Stability:
Measurement
Documentation
Information
Control
Monitoring
Coordination
Paperwork
Routine information
Following rules
Change:
Organic/ matrix organization
Ad hoc systems
Adaptation to changes
Creativity
Innovation
Monitoring outside environment
Intuition
Politics and power
Networking with the environment
People:
Cohesion
Morale
Facilitation
Team work
Process orientation
Development of people
Caring and empathy
Consensus seeking
Internal
focus
External
focus
Flexibility
Stability
(Based on Quinn, 1988)
Schumpeter (1939):
Business cycles: A theoretical, Historical, and statistical
analysis of the capitalist process
Create new business opportunities
(change)
Combining factors of production in new
ways (change)
Morris et al. (1994):
Reconceptualizing entrepreneurship: An input-Output
perspective
Identify opportunities (change)
Develop and refine concept (change,
production, stability (??))
Assess and acquire nescessary
resources (change)
Implementation (production, people,
stability)
Gartner et al. 1985:
A conceptual Framework for describing the
phenomenon of New venture creation.
Locating Business Opportunities (change)
Accumulating resources (change, production)
Marketing products and services (change)
Producing the product (production)
Building an organization (people, stability)
Stevenson et al.1990:
A paradigm of Entrepreneurship: Entrepreneurial
management
Networking (change)
Generate resources (change)
Managing in teams (people)
Casson (1982/2003):
The entrepreneur- an economic Theory
J udgemental decision-making (change)
The coordination of scarce resources
(production)
Entrepreneurship contributions
-in Competing values models
Morris
Gartner
Casson
Morris
Gartner
Schumpeter
Morris
Gartner
Stevenson
Casson
Morris
Gartner
Stevenson
Internal
Focus
External
Focus
Stability
Flexibility
Tentative Propositions
Relatively low attention given to stabilizing
elements in the entrepreneurship process
Relatively huge attention given to external
elements in the entrepreneurship process
A tendency to address management as
opposed to leadership (to divide into structure
and people), is transferred to
entrepreneurship
Concluding remarks
Competing values model as framework
for discussion of entrepreneurship in
managerial perspective
Avoidance of pitfalls as in leadership-
management dichotonomy
Contribute to common language in
entrepreneurship
Subjects for discussion
Discussion of arguments for maintaining stability,
and internal focus during the entrepreneurship
process.
Creativity is based on insight and experience
Visions, entrepreneurship culture, and ways of
working need to be embedded in the entire
organization as a stabilizing element.
Comments on the idea of a more systematic
analysis (meta analysis) / or empirical work
Other ideas and comments