DEPSITOS MINERALES FORMADOS MEDIANTE

PROCESOS MAGMTICOS

DEPSITOS MINERALES RELACIONADOS CON PROCESOS MAGMTICOS

1. DEPSITOS DE DIAMANTES RELACIONADOS CON KIMBERLITAS Y LAMPROITAS 2. DEPSITOS DE SULFUROS DE Ni-Cu-PGE 3. DEPSITO DE SULFUROS DE Ni-PGE RELACIONADO CON ASTROBLEMA 4. DEPSITOS DE CROMO ESTRATIFORME 5. DEPSITOS DE CROMO PODIFORME 6. DEPSITOS DE URANIO RELACIONADOS CON ALASKITAS 7. DEPSITOS DE Fe-Ti ASOCIADOS A ROCAS ANORTOSTICAS 8. DEPSITOS RELACIONADOS CON INTRUSIVOS GRANTICOS 9. DEPSITOS RELACIONADOS CON ROCAS CARBONATTICAS 10. DEPSITOS RELACIONADOS CON PEGMATITAS GRANTICAS (Fe-Ti-V)

ANORTOSTICAS

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ANORTOSITAS
(ROCA PLUTONICA CON >90% DE PLAGIOCLASA). (No se conocen analogos volcanicos) La presencia de minerales mficos de alta temperatura y la presencia de plagioclasa clcica, apunta a similaridades con rocas baslticas. En este sentido, apunta la presencia de este material con las intrusiones mficas laminadas

Tipos de anortositas:
1. Plutones anortositicos Arcaicos (3.2 - 2.8 Ga): 100m kms de largo, metamorfisados 2. Plutones anortositicos Tipo Macizos del Proterozoico 3. Capas de tamaos centimtrica y hasta 100 m de espesor en los intrusivos mficos laminados 4. Cmulos de capas delgadas en complejos ofiolticos 5. Inclusiones pequeas en otros tipos de rocas (xenolitos) 6. Anortositas de las highland (Tierras Altas) de la Luna

Anortositas de las highland (Tierras Altas) de la Luna

Contraste entre las zonas claras y oscuras de la luna: Las zonas claras (lunar highlands), reciben el nombre de terrae (se compone de anortositas) y las planicies oscuras el nombre de maria (mare-del latn mar. Se componen de basaltos)
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Inclusiones pequeas en otros tipos de rocas (xenolitos)

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Anortosita

Cromita

Capas de tamaos centimtrica y hasta 100 m de espesor en los intrusivos mficos laminados
http://www.gps.caltech.edu/news/features/southafrica/pics/d08_liz_dwarsriver1.jpg

ANORTOSITAS
(ROCA PLUTONICA CON >90% DE PLAGIOCLASA). (No se conocen analogos volcanicos) La presencia de minerales mficos de alta temperatura y la presencia de plagioclasa clcica, apunta a similaridades con rocas baslticas. En este sentido, apunta la presencia de este material con las intrusiones mficas laminadas

Tipos de anortositas:
1. Plutones anortositicos Arcaicos (3.2 - 2.8 Ga): 100m kms de largo, metamorfisados 2. Plutones anortositicos Tipo Macizos del Proterozoico 3. Capas de tamaos centimtrica y hasta 100 m de espesor en los intrusivos mficos laminados 4. Cmulos de capas delgadas en complejos ofiolticos 5. Inclusiones pequeas en otros tipos de rocas (xenolitos) 6. Anortositas de las highland (Tierras Altas) de la Luna

http://www.earthhistory.org.uk/wp-content/Geologyofthecontinents.jpg

Figure 20-1a. a. Snowflake clusters of plagioclase crystals from the Fiskensset complex, W. Greenland. Myers (1985) Stratigraphy and structure of the Fiskensset complex, West Greenland. Grnl. Geol. Unders. Bull 150. Photograph courtesy John Myers. Winter (2001) An Introduction to Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. Prentice Hall.

Contacto de diabasa con anortosita

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Megacristales de ortopiroxeno en anortosita.

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http://www.flickr.com/photos/hypocentre/5154726405/
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ANORTOSITAS

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http://www.earth.ox.ac.uk/~oesis/micro/medium/anorthosite_pm18-35.jpg

Anorthosites

a. Mantle-derived magma underplates the crust as it becomes density equilibrated.

Figure 20-2. Model for the generation of Massif-type anorthosites. From Ashwall (1993) Anorthosites. Springer-Verlag. Berlin. Winter (2001) An Introduction to Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. Prentice Hall.

Anorthosites

b. Crystallization of mafic phases (which sink), and partial melting of the crust above the ponded magma. The melt becomes enriched in Al and Fe/ Mg.
Figure 20-2. Model for the generation of Massif-type anorthosites. From Ashwall (1993) Anorthosites. Springer-Verlag. Berlin. Winter (2001) An Introduction to Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. Prentice Hall.

Anorthosites

c. Plagioclase forms when the melt is sufficiently enriched. Plagioclase rises to the top of the chamber whereas mafics sink.

Figure 20-2. Model for the generation of Massif-type anorthosites. From Ashwall (1993) Anorthosites. Springer-Verlag. Berlin. Winter (2001) An Introduction to Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. Prentice Hall.

Anorthosites

d. Plagioclase accumulations become less dense than the crust above and rise as crystal mush plutons.

Figure 20-2. Model for the generation of Massif-type anorthosites. From Ashwall (1993) Anorthosites. Springer-Verlag. Berlin. Winter (2001) An Introduction to Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. Prentice Hall.

Anorthosites

e. Plagioclase plutons coalesce (se unen) to form massif anorthosite, whereas granitoid crustal melts rise to shallow levels as well. Mafic cumulates remain at depth or detach and sink into the mantle.
Figure 20-2. Model for the generation of Massif-type anorthosites. From Ashwall (1993) Anorthosites. Springer-Verlag. Berlin. Winter (2001) An Introduction to Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. Prentice Hall.

Anorthosites

Figure 20-2. Model for the generation of Massif-type anorthosites. a. Mantle-derived magma underplates the crust as it becomes density equilibrated. b. Crystallization of mafic phases (which sink), and partial melting of the crust above the ponded magma. The melt becomes enriched in Al and Fe/Mg. c. Plagioclase forms when the melt is sufficiently enriched. Plagioclase rises to the top of the chamber whereas mafics sink. d. Plagioclase accumulations become less dense than the crust above and rise as crystal mush plutons. e. Plagioclase plutons coalesce to form massif anorthosite, whereas granitoid crustal melts rise to shallow levels as well. Mafic cumulates remain at depth or detach and sink into the mantle. From Ashwall (1993) Anorthosites. Springer-Verlag. Berlin. Winter (2001) An Introduction to Igneous and Metamorphic Petrology. Prentice Hall.

FILTER PRESSING ANORTOSITAS Y YACIMIENTOS DE Fe-Ti ASOCIADOS Proceso gneo responsable de la mineralizacin: Filter Pressing (compactacin y expulsin del lquido residual, hacia zonas de menor presin, en donde rellena fracturas, forman cuerpos tabulares, etc.)

Segregacin del fundido por compactacin

Mecanismo que facilita la separacin de los cristales y el liquido

Lisen - Bandas de ilmenita en anortosita

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Lisen: Ampliacin de las bandas de ilmenita

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DEPSITO DE Fe-Ti. SANFORD LAKE. NEW YORK STATE. USA

ADIRONDACKS

Extent (orange regions) of the Grenville orogeny, after Tollo et al (2004) and Darabi (2004).

http://wpcontent.answers.com/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Grenville-Extent.png/ 220px-Grenville-Extent.png

http://instruct.uwo.ca/earth-sci/200a-001/14strprv.gif

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The Pre-Cambrian Grenville Mineral Deposit Geology of the Adirondacks Balmat - Sandford Lake - Gore Mountain

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http://instruct.uwo.ca/earth-sci/fieldlog/Grenville/apbalmat.jpg

DEPSITO DE Fe-Ti. LAC TIO (ALLARD LAKE REGION, QUEBEC. CANAD)

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Havre St. Pierre

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MINA LAC TIO. QUEBEC. CANAD

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La mineralizacin de Fe y Ti es observada en los macizos anortosticos y en las intrusiones ultramficas. La mineralizacin consiste de ilmenita y hemo-ilmenita asociada con magnetita, la cual en ocasiones contiene titanio, espinela (hercinita), y localmente apatito, rutilo, sulfuros de Fe y Cu y silicatos. Los mayores recursos minerales de ilmenita y magnetita se presentan en forma de capas ricas en minerales pesados, conocidas como arena negra (black sand).

http://www.mrnf.gouv.qc.ca/mines/quebec-mines/2005-06/images/fer-type-2_g.jpg

DEPSITO DE Fe-Ti. TELLNES (NORUEGA) Condado de Rogalan. Distrito de Dalane Municipalidad de Sokndal

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Roca bsica rica. Asoc. con Anortositas Roca con Px. Asoc. con Anortositas

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Depsito de Fe-Ti. Tellnes (Noruega)

U-Pb ages on zircon and baddeleyite from the ilmenite orebody are 920 3 Ma, thus slightly younger than the jotunitic dyke (931 5 Ma) (Schrer et al. 1996)
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www.ngu.no/.../Tellnes/Tellnes%20geology.htm

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FIN

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