Karnataka State Open University

Mysore,Karnataka 570006
In Association with VEDANT

Syllabus For Bachelor of Technology Information Technology (B.Tech.-IT)

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Bachelors of Technology-Information Technology (B.Tech-IT)

CODE BTITT11 BTITT12 BTITT13 BTITT14 BTITT15 BTITT16 BTITT17

Semester - I (Theory) SUBJECT Engineering Mathematics-I Engineering Physics-I Engineering Chemistry-I Computer Fundamental & Programming In C Electrical Engineering Professional Communication Practical Lab - BTITT 14/15 Total Credits Semester II (Theory)

CREDITS 2 2 2 4 3 2 2 17

CODE BTITT21 BTITT22 BTITT23 BTITT24 BTITT25 BTITT26 BTITT27

SUBJECT Engineering Mathematics-II Engineering Physics-II Engineering Chemistry-II Computer Aided Engineering Graphics Electronics Engineering Engineering Mechanics Practical Lab - BTITT 24/25 Total Credits Semester III (Theory) SUBJECT Engineering Mathematics-III Digital Logic Design C & Data Structure Electronic Devices & Circuits Object Oriented Programming With C++ IT Infrastructure and Its Management Practical Lab - BTITT 33/35 Total Credits Semester - IV (Theory)

CREDITS 2 2 2 4 3 2 2 17

CODE BTITT31 BTITT32 BTITT33 BTITT34 BTITT35 BTITT36 BTITT37

CREDITS 2 2 4 2 3 2 2 17

CODE BTITT41 BTITT42 BTITT43 BTITT44 BTITT45 BTITT46 BTITT47

SUBJECT Signals & Systems Computer Organization Database Management Systems Software Engineering Computer Graphics Information Systems Practical Lab - BTITT 41/46 Total Credits Page 2 of 53

CREDITS 2 2 4 2 3 2 2 17

CODE BTITT51 BTITT52 BTITT53 BTITT54 BTITT55 BTITT56 BTITT57

Semester - V (Theory) SUBJECT E-Commerce Operating Systems & Systems Software Introduction To Web Technology Design & Analysis Of Algorithms Digital Electronics Principle Of Management Practical Lab - BTITT 53/55 Total Credits Semester - VI (Theory)

CREDITS 2 2 4 2 3 2 2 17

CODE BTITT61 BTITT62 BTITT63 BTITT64 BTITT65 BTITT66 BTITT67

SUBJECT Software Engineering Computer Networks Software Project Management ERP Systems Operations Research Organizational Behaviour Practical Lab - BTITT 62/64 Total Credits Semester - VII (Theory)

CREDITS 2 2 4 2 3 2 2 17

CODE BTITT71 BTITT72 BTITT73 BTITT74 BTITT75 BTITT76 BTITT77

SUBJECT Cryptography & Network Security Artificial Intelligence Microprocessors & Microcontrollers Multimedia Systems Software Testing Wireless and Mobile Communication Practical Lab - BTITT 74/75 Total Credits Semester - VIII (Theory)

CREDITS 2 2 4 2 3 2 2 17

CODE BTIT081 BTITT82 BTITT83 BTITT84 BTITT85

SUBJECT Java & Web Programming Distributed Systems Embedded System Design VLSI Design PROJECT Total Credits

CREDITS 4 4 4 4 5 17

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Detailed Syllabus: Semester - I Section I Engineering Mathematics I

UNIT 1: Vector Calculus: Differentiation of vectors, scalar and vector point functions. Gradient of a scalar field and directional derivative, divergence and curl of a vector field and their physical interpretations. UNIT 2: Integration of vectors, line integral, surface integral, volume integral, Green, Stoke's and Gauss theorems (without proof) and their applications.
UNIT 3: Ordinary Differential Equations and Applications :Exact differential equations, equations reducible to exact differential equations. Applications of differential equations of first order & first degree to simple electric circuits, Newton's law of cooling, heat flow and orthogonal trajectories, linear differential equations of second and higher order.

UNIT 4: Complete solution, complementary function and particular integral, method of variation of
parameters to find particular integral, Cauchy's and Legendre's linear equations, simultaneous linear equations with constant co-efficients. Applications of linear differential equations to simple pendulum, oscillatory electric circuits. UNIT 5: Laplace Transforms and its Applications: Laplace transforms of elementary functions, properties of Laplace transforms, existence conditions, transforms of derivatives, transforms of integrals, multiplication by t, division by t. Evaluation of integrals by Laplace transforms. UNIT 6: Laplace transform of unit step function, unit impulse function and periodic function. Inverse transforms, convolution theorem, application to linear differential equations and simultaneous linear differential equations with constant coefficients and applications to integral equations. n

UNIT 7: Partial Differential Equations and Its Applications: Formation of partial differential equations, Lagranges linear partial differential equation, first order non-linear partial differential equation, Charpits method. UNIT 8: Method of separation of variables and its applications to wave equation, one dimensional heat equation and two-dimensional heat flow (steady state solutions only).

Reference Books: 1. 2. 3. 4. Engineering Mathematics: Gangadharan Engineering Mathematics/ Ian Dcochrane Engineering Mathematics: -Christina ThamNg Engineering Mathematics: John Bird

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Section-II Engineering Physics - I UNIT 1: Relativistic Mechanics: Frames of References, Inertial Frame and Galilean Transformation, Non-Inertial Frame and Fictitious Forces, Galilean Transformation and Velocity of Light, The MichelsonMorley Experiment, Explanation of Negative Results, Postulates of Special Theory of Relativity, Lorentz Transformation Equation of Space and Time, Consequences of Lorentz Transformations, Experimental Evidence, Velocity Addition Theorem, Consistency of Einstein Second Postulate, Variation of Mass with Velocity, Relativistic Energy UNIT 2: Interference and Diffraction of Light: Interference of Light, Youngs Experiment ,Principle of Superposition, Theory of Interference, Condition for Sustained Interference, Coherent Sources, No Interference by Independent Sources. UNIT 3: Method of Producing Coherent Sources, Two Classes of Diffraction Phenomena, Diffraction by a Single Slit, Principal Maximum, Minimum Intensity Position, Secondary Maxima, Diffraction at Two parallel Slit, Resolving Power , Resolving Power of an Optical Instruments, Resolving Power of a Grating. UNIT 4: Polarization : Types of Waves, Polarisation , Plane of Vibration and Plane of Polarisation, Types of Polarisation and their Representation, Production of Plane Polarised Light,Geometry of Uniaxial Double Refracting Crystal, Huygens Theory of Double Refraction, Propagation of Light in Double Refracting Crystals, Nicol Prism, Retardation Plates, Mathematical Representation for Production of Plane. UNIT 5: Circularly and Elliptically Polarised Light, Production of Plane, Circularly and Elliptically Polarised Light,Detection of Plane, Circularly and Elliptically Polarised Light, Optical Activity, Biots Law for Rotatory Polarisation, Fresnels Theory of Optical Rotation, Specific Rotation, Polarimeters, Laurentz Half Shade Polarimeter Action of Laurentz Half Shade Plate and Biquartz Polarimeter. UNIT 6 : Lasers : Comparison of Ordinary Beam and Laser Beam of Light, Laser Beam Characteristics, Interaction of Radiation with MatterA Quantum Mechanical View, Relation between Einsteins Coefficient A12, B12 and B21 , Condition for Light Amplifications, Laser Terminology, Principal Pumping Schemes , Components of Laser Device, Ruby Laser and He-Ne Laser . UNIT 7: Fiber Optics and Holography : Optical Fiber, Light Propagation in Optical Fiber, Fractional Refractive Index Change, Numerical Aperture, Classification of Optical Fibers, V-number (Cut-off Frequency), Attenuation Constant, Fiber Loss, Signal Dispersion. UNIT 8: Principle of Holography, 7.3 Construction of Hologram, Principle of Recording the Interference Pattern and Application of Hologram Reference Books: 1. 2. Engineering Physics-1 Dr.A.k.Katiyar,Narinder Kumar Engineering Physics-1 Steven D.Kamm

Section-III

Engineering Chemistry I

UNIT 1 : Water Technology : Characteristics alkalinity types of alkalinity and determination hardness types and estimation by EDTA method (problems). Page 5 of 53

UNIT 2 : Domestic water treatment disinfection methods (Chlorination, ozonation. UV treatment) Boiler feed water requirements disadvantages of using hard water in boilers internal conditioning (phosphate, calgon and carbonate conditioning methods) external conditioning demineralization process desalination. UNIT 3 : Polymers And Composites : Polymers-definition polymerization types addition and condensation polymerization free radical polymerization mechanism Plastics, classification preparation. UNIT 4 : properties and uses of PVC, Teflon, polycarbonate, polyurethane, nylon-6,6, PET- Rubber vulcanization of rubber, synthetic rubbers buty1 rubber, SBR, Composites definition, types polymer matrix composites FRP only. UNIT 5 : Surface Chemistry : Adsorption types adsorption of gases on solids adsorption isotherms Frendlich and Langmuir isotherms adsorption of solutes from solution role of adsorbents in catalysis, ionexchange adsorption and pollution abatement. UNIT 6: Non-Conventional Energy Sources and Storage Devices : Nuclear energy fission and fusion reactions and light water nuclear reactor for power generation (block diagram only) breeder reactor solar energy conversion solar cells wind energy fuel cells hydrogen oxygen fuel cell batteries alkaline batteries leadacid, nickelcadmium and lithium batteries. UNIT 7: Engineering Materials : Refractories classification acidic, basic and neutral refractories properties (refractoriness, refractoriness under load, dimensional stability, porosity, thermal spalling) manufacture of alumina, magnesite and zirconia bricks. UNIT 8: Abrasives natural and synthetic abrasives quartz, corundum, emery, garnet, diamond, silicon carbide and boron carbide. Lubricants mechanism of lubrication, liquid lubricants, - properties viscosity index, flash and fire points, cloud and pour points, oilyness) solid lubricants graphite and molybdenum sulphide. Nanomaterials introduction to nanochemistry carbon nanotubes and their applications Reference Books: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Dr. M.K. Saxena, Dr. Sanjana Chugh -Engineering Chemistry Dr. T.L. Rajawat Engineering Manas Ranjan Senapati Dr.B.S.Chauhan Chemistry: Chemistry:Gadag Engineering Chemistrtry-I:Dr Sanjay K.Sharma

Section-IV Computer Fundamental & Programming In C UNIT 1: Computer and its Architecture : System Definition, Computer System, Types of Computer Systems, Digital Computer, Various Components, Input Devices, Central Processing Unit (CPU), Memory. UNIT 2: Hardware and Software: Hardware and Software, Various Categories of Software, Booting up a Computer, Installing and Uninstalling Software, Software Piracy, Software Terminologies . ......... UNIT 3: Applications of Computers: Role of Information Technology. UNIT 4: Internet: History of Internet, Internet Services. Page 6 of 53

UNIT 5: Problem Solving Methodology: Problem Solving Techniques, Program, Program Development Cycle, Algorithm Design, Flow Chart, Program Control Structures. UNIT 6: Types of Programming Languages, Generations of Programming Languages, Development of Algorithms for Simple Problems UNIT 7: Basic Elements of C :Introduction to C, Lexical Elements of C, Operators and Expressions,

Operator Precedence, Associatively of Operators, Input and Output Functions, Simple Computational Problems .
UNIT 8 : Decision Making: Control Statements, Branching, Looping, Control structures, Problems using control structures. UNIT 9: Functions and Program Structures : Prototypes and Functions, Declaring, Defining and Accessing Functions, Parameter Passing Methods, Recursion, Storage Classes, Library Functions, Programs Using Functions UNIT 10: Arrays: Defining and Processing Arrays, Passing Arrays to Functions, MultiDimensional Arrays, Strings and Basic Operations on Strings, Enumerated Data Types UNIT 11 : Pointers : Concept of a Pointer, Declaration of a Pointer, Accessing a Variable through the Pointer, Individualization of Pointers, Pointers and Functions, Pointers and Arrays. UNIT 12 : Pointers and Structures, Operations on Pointers, Pointers with Arrays, Functions and Structures, Address Operator and Dynamic Memory Allocation UNIT 13: Structures and Unions : StructuresUser Defined Data Types, Union - Structure and Union Variable Declarations, Initialization of Structures and Unions. UNIT 14 : Compatibility of Structures, Unions, and Enumerations, Nested Structure, Passing Structures to Functions, SelfReferential Structures. UNIT 15: File Handling: What is a File and How it can be defined- Ascii Text Files & Binary Files, File Pointers. UNIT 16: High Level File OperationsCreating, Processing and Updation on Files, Opening and Closing a File Reference Books: 1. 2. 3. 4. Computer Fundamental and programming in C: J.B.Dixit Computer Fundamental and programming in C: Manas Ghosh Computer Fundamental and programming in C:Harley R. Myler Schaums outline of computer architecture: Nicholos P.Carter

Section IV: Electrical Engineering UNIT 1 : D C Circuit Analysis and Network Theorems : Circuit Concepts: Concepts of network, Active and passive elements, voltage and current sources, Concept of linearity and linear network, unilateral and bilateral elements, R, L and C as linear elements, source transformation. Page 7 of 53

UNIT 2 : Kirchhoffs laws; loop and nodal methods of analysis; star-delta transformation, Network Theorems: Superposition Theorem, Thevenins Theorem, Nortons Theorem, Maximum Power Transfer Theorem (simple numerical problems) UNIT 3: Steady- State Analysis of Single Phase AC Circuits : AC Fundamentals: Sinusoidal, square and triangular waveforms average and effective values, form and peak factors, concept of phasors, phasor representation of sinusoidally varying voltage and current. UNIT 4: Analysis of series, parallel and series-parallel RLC Circuits: apparent, active & reactive powers, power factor, causes and problems of low powerfactor, powerfactor improvement, resonance in series and parallel circuits, bandwidth and quality factor (simple numerical problems) UNIT 5: Three Phase AC Circuits : Three phase system-its necessity and advantages, meaning of phase sequence, star and delta connections, balanced supply and balanced load, line and phase voltage/current relations, three-phase power and its measurement (simple numerical problems). UNIT 6: Measuring Instruments: Types of instruments, construction and working principles of PMMC and moving iron type voltmeters & ammeters, single phase dynamometer wattmeter and induction type energy meter, use of shunts and multipliers (simple numerical problems on energy meter, shunts and multipliers). UNIT 7: Introduction to Power System : General layout of electrical power system and functions of its elements, standard transmission and distribution voltages, concept of grid (elementary treatment only). UNIT 8: Magnetic Circuit: Magnetic circuit concepts, analogy between electric & magnetic circuits, magnetic circuits with DC and AC excitations, magnetic leakage, B-H curve, hysteresis and eddy current losses, magnetic circuit calculations, mutual coupling. UNIT 9: Single Phase Transformer:Principle of operation, construction, e .m. f. equation, equivalent circuit, power losses, efficiency (simple numerical problems), introduction to auto transformer . UNIT 10: Electrical Machines: Principles of electro mechanical energy conversion, DC machines: types, e. m. f. equation of generator and torque equation of motor, characteristics and applications of dc motors (simple numerical problems). UNIT 11: Three Phase Induction Motor: types, Principle of operation, slip-torque characteristics, applications (numerical problems related to slip only). UNIT 12: Single Phase Induction motor: Principle of operation and introduction to methods of starting, applications, Three Phase Synchronous Machines: Principle of operation of alternator and synchronous motor and their applications Reference Books: 1. Electrical Engineering Principles and Applications-Allan R. Hambley 2. Electrical Engineering: a pocket reference-Ralf Kories, Heinz Schmidt-Walter

Section-VI : Professional Communication UNIT 1 : Basics of Technical Communication : Technical Communication: features; Distinction between General and Technical communication, Language as a tool of communication; Levels of communication: Interpersonal, Organizational, Mass communication.

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UNIT 2 : The flow of Communication: Downward, Upward, Lateral or Horizontal (Peer group); Importance of technical communication; Barriers to Communication. UNIT 3 : Constituents of Technical Written Communication : Words and Phrases: Word formation. Synonyms and Antonyms; Homophones; Select vocabulary of about 500- 1000 New words; Requisites of Sentence Construction: Paragraph Development. UNIT 4 : Techniques and Methods -Inductive, Deductive, Spatial, Linear, Chronological etc; The Art of Condensation- various steps, Forms of Technical Communication : Business Letters: Sales and Credit letters; Letter of Enquiry; Letter of Quotation, Order, Claim and Adjustment Letters; Job application and Resumes. UNIT 5 : Official Letters: D.O. Letters; Govt. Letters, Letters to Authorities etc, Reports: Types; Significance; Structure, Style & Writing of Reports. UNIT 6 : Technical Proposal; Parts; Types; Writing of Proposal; Significance, Technical Paper, Project. Dissertation and Thesis Writing: Features, Methods & Writing. UNIT 7 : Presentation Strategies : Defining Purpose; Audience & Locale; Organizing Contents; Preparing Outline; Audio-visual Aids; Nuances of Delivery; Body Language; Space; Setting Nuances of Voice Dynamics; Time- Dimension. UNIT 8 : Value- Based Text Readings: Following essays form the suggested text book with emphasis on Mechanics of writing, (i) The Aims of Science and the Humanities by M.E. Prior (ii) The Language of Literature and Science by A.Huxley (iii) Man and Nature by J.Bronowski (iv) The Mother of the Sciences by A.J.Bahm (v) Science and Survival by Barry Commoner (vi) Humanistic and Scientific Approaches to Human Activity by Moody E. Prior (vii) The Effect of Scientific Temper on Man by Bertrand Russell.

Reference Books: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. The Aims of Science and the Humanities by M.E. Prior The Language of Literature and Science by A.Huxley Man and Nature by J.Bronowski The Mother of the Sciences by A.J.Bahm Science and Survival by Barry Commoner

Semester - II Section-I : Engineering Mathematics II Unit 1: Linear Differential Equations with constant coefficients : Linear differential equations of nth order with constant coefficients, Complementary functions and particular integrals. Unit 2: Simultaneous linear differential equations, Solution of second order differential equation by changing dependent and independent variables. Unit 3: Method of variation of parameters, Applications to engineering problems

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Unit 4: Series Solution and Special Functions : Series solution of ordinary differential equations of 2nd order with variable coefficients (Frobenius Method), Bessel and Legendre equations and their series solutions, Properties of Bessel functions and Legendre polynomials Unit 5: Laplace Transform : Laplace transform, Existence theorem, Laplace transform of derivatives and integrals, Inverse Laplace transform, Unit step function , Dirac delta function, Laplace transform of periodic functions, Convolution theorem, Application to solve simple linear and simultaneous differential equations. Unit 6: Fourier Series and Partial Differential Equations : Periodic functions, Trignometric series, Fourier series of period 2 , Eulers formulae, Functions having arbitrary period, Change of interval, Even and odd functions, Half range sine and cosine series, Harmonic analysis. Unit 7: Solution of first order Lagranges linear partial differential equatins, Linear partial differential equations with constant coefficients of 2nd order and their classifications - parabolic, elliptic and hyperbolic with illustrative examples. Unit 8: Applications of Partial Differential Equations : Method of separation of variables for solving partial differential equations, Wave equation up to two-dimensions, Laplace equation in two-dimensions, Heat conduction equations up to two-dimensions, Equations of transmission lines.

Reference books: 1. 2. 3. ENGINEERING Mathematics: Ganesh A Engineering Mathematics:S.R.Bandewar Engineering Mathematics-II C.B.Gupta

Section-II : Engineering Physics II Unit 1 : Quantum Mechanics & Quantum Computing : Introduction Schrodinger, Time Independent and Time Dependent wave equations - Particle in a box Operator version -Suitability of Quantum system for Information Processing - Classical Bits and Qu-Bits - Bloch's Sphere - Quantum Gates - Multiple Qu-Bits Advantages of Quantum Computing over classical Computation. Unit 2 : Electron Theory of Metals : Classical free electron theory - Mean free path Relaxation time and drift velocity - Quantum free electron theory - Fermi Dirac (analytical) and its dependence on temperature - Fermi energy - Electron scattering and resistance. Unit 3 : Magnetic Properties : Permeability - Magnetization - Orgin of magnetic moment - Classification of Magnetic materials - Dia, para and ferro- magnetism . Unit 4 : Domain and Weiss field theory - Hysteresis Curve - Soft and Hard magnetic materials. Unit 5 : Superconductivity and Dielectric Properties : General properties - Meissner effect - Penetration depth Type I and type II superconductors - Flux quantization - DC and AC Josephson effect - BCS Theory - Applications of superconductors. Unit 6 : Semiconductors : Introduction - Intrinsic semiconductor and carrier concentration - Equation for conductivity - Extrinsic semiconductor and carrier concentration - Drift and diffusion - Einstein's equation - Hall effect - Direct & indirect band gap semiconductors. Unit 7 : Physics of Nano Materials : Introduction - Properties and prepation of Nano Materials -Surface occupancy - Reduction of Dimensionality - 4D -Force vector.

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Unit 8 : Quantum wires - Quantum dots and Quantum wells - Density of states and Energy spectrum Nanotubes - Applications of nanomaterials. Reference Books: 1. 2. Beginning Physics II: Waves, Electromagnetism, Optics and Modern Physics by Alvin M. Halpern and Erich Erlbach Semiconductor Devices by S. M. Sze)

Section-III : Engineering Chemistry II UNIT 1 : Electrochemistry : Electrochemical cells reversible and irreversible cells EMF measurement of emf Single electrode potential Nernst equation (problem) reference electrodes. Unit 2 :Standard Hydrogen electrode -Calomel electrode Ion selective electrode glass electrode and measurement of pH electrochemical series significance potentiometer titrations. UNIT 3 : Corrosion And Corrosion Control : Chemical corrosion Pilling Bedworth rule electrochemical corrosion different types galvanic corrosion differential aeration corrosion factors influencing corrosion Unit 4 : Corrosion Control : sacrificial anode and impressed cathodic current methods corrosion inhibitors protective coatings paints constituents and functions metallic coatings electroplating (Au) and electroless (Ni) plating. UNIT 5 : Fuels And Combustion : Calorific value classification Coal proximate and ultimate analysis metallurgical coke manufacture by Otto-Hoffmann method Petroleum processing and fractions cracking catalytic cracking and methods-knocking octane number and cetane number synthetic petrol Fischer Tropsch and Bergius processes Gaseous fuels- water gas, producer gas, CNG and LPG, Flue gas analysis Orsat apparatus theoretical air for combustion. UNIT 6 : Phase Rule : Statement and explanation of terms involved one component system water system condensed phase rule construction of phase diagram by thermal analysis simple eutectic systems (leadsilver system only) Unit 7 : Alloys importance, ferrous alloys nichrome and stainless steel heat treatment of steel, nonferrous alloys brass and bronze. UNIT 8 : Analytical Techniques : Beer-Lamberts law (problem) UV-visible spectroscopy and IR spectroscopy principles instrumentation (problem) (block diagram only) estimation of iron by colorimetry flame photometry principle instrumentation (block diagram only) estimation of sodium by flame photometry atomic absorption spectroscopy principles instrumentation (block diagram only) estimation of nickel by atomic absorption spectroscopy.

Reference Books: 1. 2. 3. 4. Engineering Chemistry-II Dr.Monika Sharma Engineering Chemistry-II Manas Ranjan Sanepati Engineering Chemistry-II Dr. B.S.Chauhan Engineering Chemistry-II Dr M.K.Saxena

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Section-IV : Computer Aided Engineering Graphics UNIT 1 : Introduction to Computer Aided Sketching : Introduction, Drawing Instruments and their uses, BIS conventions, lettering Dimensioning and free hand practicing. UNIT 2 : Computer screen, layout of the software, standard tool bar/menus and description of most commonly used tool bars, navigational tools. UNIT 3 : Coordinate system and reference planes. UNIT 4 : Definitions of HP, VP, RPP & LPP. UNIT 5 : Creation of 2D/3D environment. UNIT 6 : Selection of drawing size and scale. UNIT 7 : Commands and creation of Lines, Co-ordinate points, axes, poly-lines, square, rectangle, polygons, splines, circles, ellipse, text, move, copy, off-set, mirror, rotate, trim, extend, break, chamfer, fillet, curves, constraints viz. tangency, parallelism, inclination and perpendicularity. UNIT 8 : Dimensioning, line convention, material conventions and lettering. UNIT 9 : Orthographic Projections : Introduction, Definitions- Planes of projection, reference line and conventions employed, Projections of points in all the four quadrants, Projections of straight lines (located in First quadrant/first angle only), UNIT 10 : True and apparent lengths, True and apparent inclinations to reference planes (No application problems) UNIT 11 : Orthographic Projections of Plane Surfaces : Introduction, Definitions-projections of plane surfacestriangle, square rectangle, rhombus, pentagon, hexagon and circle, planes in different positions by change of position method only (No problems on punched plates and composite plates.) UNIT 12 : Projections of Solids: Introduction, Definitions- Projections of right regular- tetrahedron, hexahedron (cube), prisms, pyramids, cylinders and cones in different positions. (No problems on octahedrons and combination solid) UNIT 13 : Sections : Introduction, Section planes, Sections, section views, Sectional views, apparent shapes and True shapes of Sections of right regular prisms, pyramids, cylinders and cones resting with base on HP. (No problems on section of solids) UNIT 14 : Development of lateral surface of above solids, their frustums and truncations. (No problems on lateral surfaces of trays, Tetrahedrons spheres and transition pieces). UNIT 15 : Isometric Projection (Using Isometric Scale Only) : Introduction, Isometric scale, Isometric Projection of simple plane figures, Isometric Projection of tetrahedron, hexahedron (cube). UNIT 16 : Right regular prisms, pyramids, cylinders, cones, spheres, cut spheres and combination of solids (Maximum of three Solids).

Reference Books: 1. Computer AIDED Graphics AND design Daniel.l.Ryan Page 12 of 53

Section-V : Electronics Engineering UNIT 1: Semiconductor Diodes and Applications: p-n junction, depletion layer , v-i characteristics, ideal and practical, diode resistance, capacitance. UNIT 2: Diode ratings (average current, repetitive peak current, peak-inverse voltage), p-n junction as rectifiers (half wave and full wave) filter (Shunt capacitor filter), Calculation of ripple factor and load regulation, clippling circuits, clamping circuits. UNIT 3: Voltage multipliers Breakdown diodes: breakdown mechanism (zener and avalanche), breakdown characteristics, zener resistance, zener diode ratings, zener diode application as shunt regulator UNIT 4 : Bipolar Junction Transistor : Basic construction, transistor action CB, CE and CC configurations. UNIT 5: Input/ output characteristics biasing of transistors, fixed bias, emitter bias, potential divider bias, comparison of biasing circuits graphical analysis of CE amplifier. UNIT 6: Concept of voltage gain, current gain, h-parameter model (low freq.) computation of Ai, Av, Ri, Ro of single transistor CE amplifier configuration UNIT 7: Field Effect Transistor : JFET: Basic construction, principle of working, concept of pinch-off maximum drain saturation current, : Input and transfer characteristics, characteristic equation, CG, CS and CD configurations, fixed and self biasing of JFET amplifier. UNIT 8: MOSFET: depletion and enhancement type MOSFET- construction, operation and characteristics. UNIT 9: Operational Amplifier (Op-Amp): concept of ideal operational amplifier, ideal and practical Op-Amp parameters inverting, non-inverting and unity gain configurations, Applications of Op-Amp as adders, difference amplifiers, integrators and differentiator. UNIT 10: Switching Theory and Logic Design : Number system, conversion of bases (decimal, binary, octal and hexadecimal numbers) addition and subtraction, fractional numbers, BCD numbers, Boolean algebra. UNIT 11: Logic gates, concept of universal gates canonical forms, minimization using K-map UNIT 12: Electronics Instruments: Working principle of digital voltmeter, digital multimeter (block diagram approach), CRO (its working with block diagram) measurement of voltage, current, phase and frequency using CRO .

Reference Books: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Power Electronics: M.H.Rashid Basic electronic Engineering And devices:Dr.R.K.Singh Pascal for electronic engineers J.Attikiouzel Power Electronics: Donald Christiansen Power Electronics: Hambley

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Section-VI : Engineering Mechanics UNIT 1 : Two Dimensional Force Systems : Basic concepts, Laws of motion, Principle of Transmissibility of forces, Transfer of a force to parallel position,r esultant of a force system, Simplest Resultant of Two dimensional concurrent and Non-concurrent Force systems, Distributed force system, Free body diagrams. UNIT 2 : Equilibrium and Equations of Equilibrium., Applications Friction: Introduction, Laws of Coulomb Friction, Equilibrium of Bodies involving Dry-friction, Belt friction, Application. UNIT 3 : Beam : Introduction, Shear force and Bending Moment, Differential Equations for Equilibrium, Shear force and Bending Moment Diagrams for Statically Determinate Beams. UNIT 4 : Trusses: Introduction, Simple Truss and Solution of Simple truss, Method f Joints and Method of Sections, Centroid : Centroid of plane, curve, area, volume and composite bodies. UNIT 5 : Moment of Inertia : Moment of inertia of plane area, Parallel Axes Theorem, Perpendicular axes theorems, Principal Moment Inertia, Mass Moment of Inertia of Circular Ring, Disc, Cylinder, Sphere and Cone about their Axis of Symmetry. UNIT 6 : Kinematics of Rigid Body : Introduction, Plane Motion of Rigid Body, Velocity and Acceleration under Translation and Rotational Motion, Relative Velocity. UNIT 7 : Kinetics of Rigid Body: Introduction, Force, Mass and Acceleration, Work and Energy, Impulse and Momentum, DAlemberts Principles and Dynamic Equilibrium. UNIT 8 : Simple Stress : Introduction, Normal and Shear stresses, Stress- Strain Diagrams for ductile and brittle material, Elastic Constants, One Dimensional Loading of members of varying cross-sections, Strain energy. 3 Pure Bending of Beams: Introduction, Simple Bending Theory, Stress in beams of different cross sections, torque.

Reference Books: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Engineering Mechanics Bhavikatti ENGINEERING Mechanics: Raju Engineering Mechanics: A.Bedford Engineering Mechanics: Russell C Hibller Engineering Mechanics:J.W.

Semester III Section-I : Programming In C And Data Structures UNIT 1: Introduction To C Language And Data Types : Origin and Development of C Language, The First Program in C, Concepts of Variables, Inputting the Data, The Control Statement, The Iteration Loop, The DoWhile Loop, The Switch Statement. UNIT 2 : Various Data Types in C, The Integer Data Family, Overflow in Char and Unsigned Char Data Type, The Char Type, Octal Numbers, Hexadecimal Numbers, Conversion of Binary to Octal and Hexadecimal, Representation of Floating Numbers, Forced Conversion, Type Casting.

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UNITI 3: COPERATORS : Arithmetic Operators, Relational Operators, Logical Operators, Ternary Operators, Assignment Operators, Increment and Decrement Operators, Conditional Operators, Bitwise Operators, Special Operators, Arithmetic Expression, Operator Precedence. UNIT 4: CONTROL STRUCTURE : Control Structure, Why Control Statement, The If Statement, Scope of an If Clause, The If Else Statement, The If Else If Statement, Nested Else If Statement, The Switch Statement, The While Loop, The Do While Loop, The For Loop, For Loop with a Comma Operator, The Break Statement, Goto Statement, The Continue Statement, Printf, Scanf, Placeholders in printf and scanf, Address, Pointers. UNIT 5 : ARRAYS IN C : Arrays, Array Declaration, Address of Each Element in an Array, Accessing Elements of an Array, Memory Representation of Array, Accessing an Array Using Pointers, Manipulating Arrays Using Pointers, Two Dimensional Arrays, Initialization of Two Dimensional Array, Pointers and Two Dimensional Arrays, Three Dimensional Arrays, Pointer Arrays, Multidimensional Array. UNIT 6: FUNCTIONS AND RECURSION : Functions, Why Use Functions?, The Concept of Stack, The Sequence of Execution During Function Call, Parameter Passing, Call by Value, Call by Reference, The Concept of Global Variables, Resolving Variable References, Syntax of Function Definition, Calling Function, Dynamic Memory Allocation, Recursion ,Stack Overheads in Recursion, Writing a Recursion Function. UNIT 7 : STRINGS : Strings, Initializing Strings, Strings as an Array of Characters, String Definition, String as Parameter, String Functions. UNIT 8 : STRUCTURES, UNIONS AND FILES : Structures, Complex Structure Definitions, Memory Allocation to Structure, Programming with Structure, Structure Pointers, Unions, The Concept of Files, Direct Access Files. UNIT 9: ARRAYS IN DATA STRUCTURE : Arrays, Memory Allocation to Arrays, Application of Arrays, Manipulation on the List Implemented using an Array, Transpose of a Matrix. UNIT 10 : SORTING AND SEARCHING : Internal Sorting, External Sorting, Merging of two Sorted Lists, Implementation of Heaps, Linear Search, Binary Search. UNIT 11 : STACKS : Concept of Stack and Queues, Stacks, Structure of Stack, Implementation of Stack, Application of Stacks. UNIT 12: QUEUES : Queues, Queue Implementation ,Circular Queues, Application of Queues. UNIT 13 : LINKED LIST : Concept of Linked Lists, Representation of Linked List ,Inserting a Node Using Recursive Programs, Deleting the Specified Node in Singly Linked List, Inserting a Node after the Specified Node in a Singly Linked List, Circular Linked List ,Polynomial Representation, Sorting and Reversing a Linked List, Merging of Two Sorted Lists, Merging of Two Circular Lists.

UNIT 14 : TREE : The Concept of Tree, Binary Tree, Binary Representation ,Implementation of a Binary Tree ,Binary Tree Traversal, Binary Tree Search ,Counting the Number of Nodes in a Binary Search Tree, Searching for a Target Key in a Binary Search Tree, Deletion of a Node From a Binary Search Tree, Application of a Binary Search Tree. UNIT 15 : GRAPHS : Defining Graph Basic Graph Terminology ,Representations of Graphs ,Computing in Degree and Out Degree Using Adjacency Matrix. UNIT 16 : Depth First Traversal ,Breadth First Traversal Connected Components of a Graph ,Depth First Spanning Tree and Breadth First Spanning Tree ,Minimum Cost Spanning Tree, Directed Acyclic Graph.

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Section-II : Digital Logic Design

UNIT 1: Digital System & Binary Number System: Introduction ,Digital System, Advantages of Digital System, Number Systems ,Decimal Number System, Binary Number System, Octal Number System, Hexadecimal Number System ,Number System Conversion, Binary to Decimal Conversion ,Decimal to Binary Conversion, Binary to Octal Conversion, Octal to Binary Conversion, Binary to Hexadecimal Conversion ,Hexadecimal to Binary Conversion, Decimal to Octal Conversion ,Octal to Decimal Conversion, Decimal to Hexadecimal Conversion ,Hexadecimal to Decimal Conversion, Signed Binary Numbers, Complements, Subtraction with rs Complements ,Subtraction with (r 1)s Complement, Binary Codes ,Cyclic code or Gray code, Gray to Binary Conversion Codes, Parity Code, Hamming Codes, Floating Point Representations, Floating Point Number Formats. UNIT 2: Boolean Algebra and Logic Gates : Introduction ,Basic Definitions ,E.v. Huntingtons Postulates, TwoValued Boolean Algebra, Basic Theorems and Properties of Boolean Algebra ,Duality, Basic Theorems ,Operator Precedence ,Digital logic gates ,AND Gate ,OR Gate, NOT Gate ,Buffer or Transfer Gate ,NAND Gate or NOT-AND Gate ,NOR Gate or NOT OR Gate, Exclusive OR or Ex-OR (XOR) Gate, Exclusive NOR Gate (X NOR),Universal Gates, Boolean Functions ,Canonical and Standard forms ,Canonical Form, Standard Forms ,Simplification of Boolean functions ,The Map Method, Dont-care Conditions ,The Tabulation Method, Determination of Prime-Implicants ,Selection of Prime Implicants ,Different Steps Involved for Simplification of Boolean Function ,Using Tabulation Method, NAND and NOR Implementation, NAND Implementation,NOR Implementation. UNIT 3: Combinational Logic : Introduction, Design oF Combinational Circuit ,Analysis Procedure of combinational logic circuit ,Binary Adder , Half Adder, Full Adder ,SubtRactors ,Half Subtractors ,Full Subtractor, Decimal Adder, BCD Adder, Magnitude Comparator , Decoders, Combinational Logic implementation, Encoders, Multiplexers, Boolean Function Implementation Using Multiplexers, Demultiplexer. UNIT 4: Sequential Logic : Introduction ,Sequential Logic Circuit,Flip Flops,Basic Flip-Flop Circuit, Clocked RS Flip-Flop,D Flip-flop, JK Flip-Flop,T Flip Flop,Race Around Condition,Edge-Triggered Flip Flops ,Master Slave Flip-Flop ,Analysis Of Clocked Sequential Circuits, Example of Clocked Sequential Circuit ,State Reduction And Assignment, State Reduction, State Assignment ,Flip-flop Excitation Tables,Design Procedure Of Clock Sequential Logic Circuit,Design Clocked Sequential Circuit with Unused State,Application Of Flip-flops ,Counters,Types of Counters,Ripple or Asynchronous Counter,Synchronous Counters, Ring Counter or Shift Register Counter,Johnson Counter, Applications Of Counters ,Registers, S hift Registers ,Serial Transfer,Serial Addition.

UNIT 5: Memory and Programmable Logic : Introduction ,Read Only Memory (ROM),Combinational Logic Implementation ,Types of ROMs ,Application of ROMs ,Programmable Logic Array (PLA),Programmable Array Logic (PAL) ,Random-Access Memory (RAM) , Algorithmic State Machines (ASM) ,ASM Charts ,Circuit Realization of Digital System, Design of Control Logic Circuit with Multiplexes method. Asynchronous Sequential Logic Introduction ,Asynchronous Sequential Logic Circuit ,Analysis Procedure of AsyNchronous Sequential Logic Circuit ,Transition Table ,Flow Table ,Stability ,Circuits With Latches ,Design Procedure of Asynchronous Sequential Logic Circuit ,Reduction of state and flow Tables ,Implication Table ,Merging of the Flow Table ,Compatible Pair ,Maximal compatibles ,Closed Covering Condition ,Race-Free State Assignment, Three Row Flow Table ,Hazard in combinational Networks. Digital Logic Families Introduction ,Dgital Logic Families ,Basic Concepts of Digital Ics ,Fan-in ,Fan-out ,Gate Delay ,Wired Delay , Skew, Noise Margin, Logic levels, Current levels ,Rise Time (tr) and Fall Time (tf),Propagation Delay (tp),Power Dissipation, Diode Logic (DL),Resistor Transistor Logic (RTL),Diode Transistor Logic (DTL),Transistor Transistor

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Logic (TTL),Emitter coupled logic (ECL),Metal Oxide Semiconductor Logic, Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor Logic . UNIT 6: Basic of VHDL :Introduction ,Historical Overview ,Basic Terminology, Entity Declaration ,Architecture Body, Structural Style of Modeling ,Data flow style of Modeling, Behavioral Style of Modeling, Mixed style of Modeling, Simulation, Elaboration phase, Initialization phase ,Active Hdl 6.3 ,Active HDL Overview ,Active-HDL Expert Edition Version 6.3 (Build 1460.SP1.33),Libero Ide ,Libero IDE Design flow ,Design Implementation, Timer, Power Report. UNIT 7: Design of Fast Adder : Introduction, Earlier Developments in Fast Addition ,Adders ,Basic Signcomplement and Sign-Magnitude adders,Asynchronous Self-Timing Adders, Carry-Comp letion Sensing Adders, Conditional-Sum Adders, The Carry-Skip Adder, The Carry-Select Adder, The Carry Look- Ahead Adder, Categorization of Number Systems, Generalized Signed Digit (GSD) Number System, Redundant Binary Signed Digit (RBSD) number system ,Quaternary signed digit (QSD) number system, QSD Based Adder Design, Step 1: Intermediate Carry and sum generator VHDL Code for Intermediate Carry and Sum Generator ,Step 2: The Final result, VHDL Code for the Final result ,A Five- Digit QSD Adder,Simulation Results for Five-digit QSD Adder ,Design of RBSD Based Adder ,VHDL Code for RBSD Based Adder,A Four digit RBSD Adder. UNIT 8: Design of Fast Multiplier : Introduction, Earlier Developments in Multiplication, tandard Booths Multiplier, Modified Booths Algorithm for higher Radix Multiplication ,Array Multipliers ,Comparison of Standard and Recoded Multiplier Configurations, Quaternary Signed Digit (QSD) Based Multiplier Design, Single Digit Multiplier, VHDL Code for Single Digit Multiplier, Partial Product Generator, Four Digit QSD Multiplier ,Simulation results for Multiplier ,RBSD Based Multiplier Design, Partial Product Generator, VHDL code for Single Digit RBSD Multiplier A Four Digit RBSD Multiplie, Simulation results of 4-Digit RBSD Multiplier ,Multiplexer Based Array Multiplier (Binary) ,Parallel Realization Of The Multiplexer Based Array Multiplier, Simulation results of Multiplexer based Array Multiplier, A Twos Complement Multiplexer-Based Multiplier, Simulation Results of 2s Complement Multiplexer based Array Multiplier ,Comparisons of Different parameter of Multipliers ,Delay of Different Multipliers, Memory of Different Multipliers ,Advantages and Limitations of Various Designs of Multipliers.

Section-III : Electronic Devices and circuits

UNIT 1 : Semiconductor Materials and Properties : Introduction, Energy Bands Intrinsic Semiconductors, Extrinsic Semiconductors, Donor and Acceptor Impurities, Doping,Fermi Level, The Mass-Action Law, Mobility, Diffusion. Junction Diode and Diode Applications : Introduction, pn-junction, No bias across the pn-junction ,pn-junction with forward bias,pn-junction with reverse biased ,V-I Characteristics of a pn-junction diode ,equivalent circuit of pn-junction diode Static and dynamic Resistance ,Diode Capacitance ,Different ratings of diode ,Introduction to Diode Rectifier, Rectifiers, Half-wave rectifier, Operation of the Circuit ,Analysis of H alfwave Rectifier, Full Wave Rectifier (FWR),FWR With Center Tapped Transformer, Operation of the circuit, Analysis of Centre Tapped FWR Parameters ,Full Wave Bridge Rectifie, Operation of the Circuit, Analysis of Bridge Rectifier ,Comparison of Rectifier Circuit, Filters, Shunt Capacitor Filter,Series Inductor Filter, Choke Input or L-Section Filter, Capacitor input ,Clipping Circuit ,Positve Clipper, Negative Clipper ,Biased Clipper, Combination Clipper ,Applications of Clippers, Clamper Circuit, Positive Clamper, Negative Clamper Voltage Multiplier Circuits. UNIT 2 : Special Diodes : Introduction, Zener Diode (Breakdown Mechanism),Zener Breakdown, Avalanche Breakdown ,Temperature Characteristics ,Breakdown or V-I Characteristic of a Zener Diode, Equivalent Circuit of Zener Diode, Zener Diode Specification, Zener Diode Application as a Shunt Regulator, Comparison of Zener Diode and pn-junction Diode ,Light-Emitting Diode, tages of LED,LED Voltage drop and current, Light source material ,Comparison of pn-junction Diode and LED ,Varactor Diode Working of a varactor diode ,Types of varactor diode profile, Doping Profile, V-I characteristics of varactor diode, Construction of varactor diode ,Equivalent circuit of a varactor diode, Application of varactor diode, Schottky diode, Construction, Operation, Page 17 of 53

Schottky diode applications ,Advantages of Schottky diode over pn-junction diodes, Disadvantages of Schottky diode ,Comparison of Schottky Barrier Diode and pn-junction diode, Tunnel Diode (Esaki Diode),Volt-Ampere (V-I) Characteristic ,Tunnel Diode Parameters, Tunnel Diode Equivalent Circuit ,Advantages of Tunnel diode ,Disadvantages of Tunnel diode ,Comparison of Tunnel Diode and pn-junction diode. UNIT 3 : Bipolar Junction Transistor : Introduction ,Types of Transistor, Meaning of Transistor ,Basic construction of Junction Transistor ,Regions of Operation, Working of npn Transistor, Detailed Explanation ,Different types of transistor configuration ,CB Configuration, CE Configuration, CC Configuration, Characteristics of BJT ,Transistor Characteristics in CB Conf., Transistor Characteristics in CE Conf.,Transistor Characteristics in CC Conf. ,Comparison of Different Configurations ,Transistor as a switch, Saturation Region, Cut-off Region, Operating point, .c.Operating Point, Basic CE Amplifier and d.c. load line ,Simpler way of Drawing d.c. load line, Stabilization, Cause of Unstabilization ,Effect of inherent variations ,Stability Factor ,Another forms of Stability factor, Steps Involved in Calculation of S, Transistor biasing, Selection of Operating Point, Methods of Transistor Biasing, Fixed Biasing, Collector-to-Base Biasing ,Emitter Resistance Biasing, Potential Divider Biasing, Comparison of Different Biasing Circuits. UNIT 4 : BJT as an amplifier : Introduction ,Classification of Amplifiers ,Region Behind the Amplification Action, Concept of Phase Reversal , Graphical Explanation, Concept of dc and ac load lines, Need of Analysis of Transistor Amplifier, Hybrid Parameter (h-Parameter) Model, Calculation of h-parameters ,Nomenclature of Transistor h-parameter , General Hybrid Equivalent Circuit, Hybrid Equivalent Circuit for CE Conf., Hybrid Equivalent Circuit for CB Conf., Hybrid Equivalent Circuit for CC Conf. ,Analysis of Transistor Amplifier using hparameters, h-parameter Expression for CE,CB,CC ,Simplified Model ,Conversion of h-parameters, Analysis of BJT Amplifier by using equivalent circuit method,DC Condition,The Collector current and the Transconductance, The base current and the input resistance at the base ,The emitter current and the input resistance at the emitter,Voltage Gain,Small-Signal Equivalent Circuit Models,(A)The Hybrid- Model,(B)The TModel (re-Model),Application of the Small-Signal Equivalent Circuits, Analysis of Transistor Circuits using Hybrid- Model,AC analysis of Common Emitter (CE) amplifier ,AC analysis of Common Collector (CC) or Emitter Follower amplifier,AC analysis of Common Base (CB) amplifier, Common Emitter (CE) amplifier with RE, Analysis of Transistor Amplifier Circuits using T-Model (re-Model),CE-amplifier with fixed-bias, Unbypassed CE amplifier with emitter-bias configuration Emitter with fixed-bias ,Common Base (CB) configuration,Ebers-Moll Model of a Transistor,I ntroduction to : Hybrid- Model,The High Frequency Model or Hybrid- Model for a Bipolar Junction Transistor (BJT),Explanation of Parameters,HybridParameter Values,HybridConductances,The Hybrid- Capacitances,Conversion Equations,Frequency Response of an Amplifier,High Frequency Current Gain with Resistive Load,Effect of Source Resistance on Frequency Response,Capacitances in Hybrid- Model,Calculation for the Cut-off Frequency. UNIT 5 : Field Effect Transitors : Introduction to FET,Classification of FET,Comparison Between BJT and FET,Structure of JFET or FET,Operaion of JFET,JFET V-I Characteristics,Drain Characteristics,Operation of the nChannel JFET,Tranfer Characteristics, Detailed Discussion of Pinch-off Voltage,p-Channel JFET,JFET Parameters,Small Signal Model for JFET/FET, Comparison of n-channel and p-channel,FET Applications,Introduction to MOSFET,Structure and operation of a Depletion type MOSFET,Basic Operation and Characteristics of n-channel Depletion Type MOSFET, Enahancement type MOSFET,Basic Construction,Basic Operation and Characteristics,Circuit symbols for FET and MOSFET,Comparison of FET and MOSFET,Biasing in JFET amplifier circuits,Fixed Bias Circuit,Self Bias Circuit, Potential Divider Biasing,Feedback Resistance Biasing,Derivation of volt-ampere relationship for JFET, Detailed operation of enhancement type MOSFET,Volt-Ampere Characteristics of MOSFE. Derivation of the iD-VDS relationship,JFET as an Amplifier,Common Source (CS) Amplifier,Self biased Common Source (CS) Amplifier with RS bypassed with CS,Self biased Common Source (CS) Amplifier with RS bypassed with CS,JFET Common Drain(CD) Amplifier or Source Follower,JFET Common Gate(CG) Amplifier. Multistage or Cascade Amplifiers Introduction,Cascade Amplifier,Amplifier Coupling,Effect of Coupling Capacitor (CC) and Bypass Capacitor (CE) on Low Frequency Response,Different Coupling used in Multistage Amplifier,Resistance Capaicitance (RC) Coupled Amplifier,Frequency response of RC coupled amplifier,Impedance Coupled Amplifier,Transformer Page 18 of 53

Coupled Amplifier,Frequency response of transformer coupled amplifier,Direct Coupled Amplifier,Frequency response of direct coupled amplifier,Darlington Connection,Derivation for Current Gain,Derivation for Input Impedance of Darlington Pair,Derivation for Voltage Gain,Bootstrapping. UNIT 6: Feedback Amplifier : Introduction ,Basic Concept of Feedback,Types of Feedback,Classification of Negative Feedback,Principle of Feedback in Amplifiers,Single Loop Feedback Amplifier (Principle),Feedback amplifier topologies,Effects of feedback Circuits,Effect of Negative Feedback on Stability (Desensitivity of gain),Effect of Negative Feedback on Amplifier Noise and Distortion,Effect of Negative Feedback on Amplifier Input Impedance,Effect of Negative Feedback on Amplifier Output Impedance,Effect of Negative Feedback on Bandwidth and Frequency Response, Linear Analysis of a Transistor Circuit (Miller Theorem and its Dual),Example of Miller and Dual Miller Theorem, Analysis of Different Feedback Amplifiers,Voltage Series (Series-Shunt) Feedback Amplifier,Current Series (Series-Series) Feedback Amplifier,Current Shunt (ShuntSeries) Feedback Amplifier,Voltage Shunt (Shunt-Shunt) Feedback Amplifier,Frequency Response of Feedback Amplifiers. UNIT 7: Power Amplifiers : Introduction,Frequency Response of Amplifier,Difference between Voltage Amplifier and Power Amplifier,Conditions Required for a Power Amplifier,Reason why voltage amplifer cannot work as a power amplifier (large signal amplifier) and its remedy,Single ended transistor power amplifier (Large Signal Amplifier), Classification of power amplifier,Distortion in Amplifiers,Calculation for Hormonic Distortion in Power Amplifier,Noise in Amplifier,Intermodulation distortion in amplifiers,Clipping in Amplifiers,Power Dissipation Capability,Class A Direct Coupled Amplifier with resistive Load,Terms Frequently used in Large Signal or Power Amplifier,Why do amplifiers have different power ratings for different ohms?,Transformer Coupled Class A Amplifier,Class-A Push-Pull Amplifier,Class-B Amplifier,Class-C Amplifier,Class-B Push-Pull Amplifier,Complementary Symmetry Push-Pull Amplifier,Class-AB Operation and Cross-Over Distortion,Thermal Runaway,Power Consideration and Heat-Sinks. UNIT 8: Frequency Response : Introduction,Defination of cut-of Frequency and Bandwidth,Amplifier gain,Decibels,Midband gain,S-domain analysis,Poles and Zeros,First order functions,Bode Plots,Amplifier transfer function,Three frequency bands, Gain functions,Low frequency response,High frequency response,Effect of various capacitors on frequency response,Effect of coupling capacitors,Effect of bypass capacitors,Effect of internal transistor capacitors,Low frequency response of common emitter amplifier,Low frequency response of common source amplifier,High frequency response of common emitter amplifier,High frequency response of common source amplifier,Two stage RC coupled CE-CE cascade amplifier,Two stage RC coupled CE-CB cascode amplifier,Two stage RC coupled CE-CC amplifier,Low frequency response of source follower. Oscillators : Introduction,Classification of oscillators,Oscillatory circuit ,Conditions for oscillation (Barkhausen criterion),RC oscillators,RC Phase shift oscillator,FET Phase shift oscillator,Wien Bridge oscillator,Comparision between Phase shift oscillator,Hartley and Colpitts oscillator,Hartley oscillator,General Derivation for frequency of oscillation,Derivation for frequency of oscillation,Colpitts oscillator,Derivation for frequency of oscillation, Condition for oscillation,Clapp oscillator,Derivation for frequency of oscillation,Limitations of RC and LC oscillators, Crystal Oscillator,Transistor Crystal Oscillator,Advatages of Crystal Oscillator,Disadvatages of Crystal Oscillator, Frequency stablity of Crystal Oscillator,Stablity Criterion,Comparison between RC and LC Oscillators, Comparison between LC and Crystal Oscillators.

Section-IV : Engineering Mathematics-III UNIT 1: Function of Complex Varable : Introduction,Basic Definitions,Continuity,Differentiability,Analytic Functions,Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for f(z) to be Analytic,Cauchy-Riemann Equations in Polar Coordinates,Harmonic Function, Theorem,Orthogonal System,Determination of Conjugate Function,Milnes Thomson Method,Line Integral, Simply and Multiply Connected Region,Cauchys Integral Theorem,Extension of Cauchys Integral Theorem, Cauchys Integral Formula,Cauchys Integral Formula for the Derivative of Analytic Function,Generalization of Derivative of Cauchy Integral Formula,Cauchys Inequality,Liouvilles Theorem,Taylors Series,Laurents Series, Singularity,Definition of Residue at Poles ,Cauchys Residue

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Theorem,Method of Evaluation of Residues , Evaluation of Real Integrals,Useful Theorems to Evaluation of Real Integrals,Residue at a Pole of Order Greater than Unity,Jordans Lemma,Idented Semi-circle. UNIT 2: Moment, Skewness and Kurtosis : Moments,Moments About Mean or Central Moments,Moment About Arbitrary Point,Compute Central Moments from Moments about Arbitrary Point,Moment Generating Function,Change of Origin and Scale in Moment Generating Function,Skewness,Difference Between Variation and Skewness,Absolute Measures of Skewness,Measures of Relative Skewness,Kurtosis,Measures of Kurtosis. Curve Fitting Introduction,Principle of Least Squares,Fitting a Straight Line,Fitting of a Curve of the Form y = abx,Fitting of a Curve of the Form y = axb,Fitting of an Exponential Curve of the Form y = aebx,Fitting of a Parabola of the Form y = a + bx + cx2,Some Special Type of Curve,Most Plausible Solution of a System of Linear Equations. Regression Analysis Regression Analysis,Curve of Regression and Regression Equation,Uses of Regression Analysis,Linear Regression,Equation to The Lines of Regression,Regression Coefficient,Comparison of Correlation and Regression Analysis,Properties of Regression Coefficients,Angle Between Two Lines of Regression,Polynomial Fit: Non Linear Regression,Multiple Linear Regression. Correlation Introduction,Uses of Correlation,Significance of Correlation Analysis,Scatter Diagram,Graphic Method or Simple Graph Method,Types of Correlation,Karl Pearsons Coefficient,Direct Method,Short-cut or Assumed Method,Probable Error (P.E.),Standard Error,Properties of Correlation Coefficient,Coefficient of Determination, Rank Correlation or Spearmans Rank Correlation Coefficient,When Ranks are Repeated. Probability Definition,Axioms of Probability,Addition Rule,Some Important Theorems,Conditional Probability, Multiplication Theorem of Probability,Independent Event,Independent or Repeated Trials,Probability or at least One Event,Bayes Theorem. UNIT 3: Theoretical Distribution : Introduction,Bernoulli Trials (Independent Trials),Binomial (Bernoullis) Distribution,Binomial Probability Distribution,Applications of Binomial Distribution,Mean, Variance and Moment Generating Function of a Binomial Distribution,Poisson Distribution,Recurrence Formula for the Poisson Distribution,Relation between Mean Deviation about Mean andStandard Deviation,Applications of Poisson Distribution,Normal Distribution, Applications of Normal Distribution,Computation of Area under The Normal Curve. UNIT 4 : Sampling Theory : Introduction,Method of Collecting Statistical Data,Principles of Sampling,Elements/Steps of Sampling Plan,Advantages of Sampling,Limitations of Sampling,Sample Design,Characteristics of Good Sample Design,Steps in Sampling Design,Criteria of Selecting A Sampling Procedure,Sampling and Non-sampling Errors,Sample Size,Factors Determining Sample Size,Determining The Sample Size,Types of Sampling,Non-probability Sampling,Probability Sampling,Advantages of Probability Sampling,Disadvantages of Probability Sampling,Probability and Non-probability Sampling,Introduction,Hypothesis,Test of Hypothesis or Test of Significance,Null Hypothesis,Alternative Hypothesis,Level of Significance,Errors Sampling,Test Statistic,Critical Region or Rejection Regions,Test of Significance for Large Samples,Testing of Significance for Single Proportion,Testing of Significance for Difference of Proportions,Testing of Significance for Single Mean,Test of Significance for Difference of Means of Two Large Samples,Test of Significance for the Difference of Standard Deviation,Test of Significance of Small samples,Standards t-Test,Properties of t-Distribution,Applications of t-Distribution,t-test for Significance of Mean of a Random Sample,t-test for difference of means of two small samples,Snedecors Variance Ratio Test or F-test,Assumption F-Test,Application of F-test,Properties of F-test,Chi Square ( 2) Test,Application of 2test,Important Uses of 2-test,2-test as a Test of Goodness of Fit,c2-Test as a test of Independence,Another Form of F-Test,Analysis of Variance (ANOVA),Classification Model,ANOVA-one way classification,ANOVA TwoWay Classification (Manifold Classification). Time Series and Forecasting Introduction,Utility of Time Series Analysis,Component of Time Series,Forecasting and Forecasting Models,Secular Trend or Trend (T),Measurement of Secular Trend,Freehand or Graphic Method,Method of Semi-averages,Method of Least-squares,Method of Moving-averages,Limitations of the Method of Moving Page 20 of 53

Averages,Simple Averaging Method,Modified Averaging Method,Percentage Trend (Or Ratio to Trend) Method,Link Relative Method,Measurement of Cyclical Variation,Measurement of Random Variation,Reliability and Precision of Forecasting and Forecasting Methods. Unit 5: Statistical Quality Control : Introduction,Advantages of Statistical Quality Control,Reasons for Variations in the Quality of A Product, Techniques of Statistical Quality Control,Applications of Statistical Quality Control,Control Charts,Type of Control Charts,Control Charts for Variables,Control Charts for Attributes. Solution of Algebraic and Transcendental Equations Introduction,Some Important Properties of Equation,Solution of Equation,Order of Convergence and Rate of Convergence,Bisection Method,Rate of Covergence of Bisection Method,Regula Falsi Method,Convergence of Regula Falsi Method,Newtons Method Or Newton-Raphson Method,Rate of Convergence in Newtons Method,Some Deductions from Newton-Raphson Formula. UNIT 6 : Interpolation : Interpolation,Forward Differences,Backward Differences,Shifting Operator (E),Mean Value Operator or Average Operator (),Central Operator ( ),Relation Between E and ,Relation Between and ,Differential Operator (D),Newtons Binomial Expansion Method,Newtons Forward Difference Formula,Newtons Backward Difference Formula,Interpolation with Unequal Intervals,Divided Differences,Properties of Divided Differences,Newtons Divided Difference Interpolation Formula,Relation Between Divided Differences and Ordinary Differences,Merits and Demerits of Lagranges Formula,Lagrangian Interpolation Formula,Inverse Interpolation. UNIT 7 : Solution of Linear Simultaneous Equations : Solution of Linear Simultaneous Equations,Cramers Rule,Gauss Elimination Method,Working Rule of Gauss Elimination Method,Gauss Seidal Method,IIIconditions Equations,Method to Improve Accuracy of an Ill-conditioned System,Crouts Method (Choleskys Method). Numerical Differentiation Introduction,Derivative of Newtons Forward Formula,Derivatives Using Newtons Backward Difference Formula,Derivative Using Stirlings Interpolation Formula,Derivative Using Newtons Divided Difference Formula,Lagranges Interpolation Formula. Numerical Integration Newtons Quadrature Formula,Trapezoidal Rule,Working Rule,Simpsons 1/3rd Rule,Working Rule,Simpsons 3/8th Rule. UNIT 8 : Solution of Ordinary Differential Equations : Solution of Differential Equation,Picards Method,Initial Value Problem and Boundary Value Problem,Numerical Solution of a Differential Equation,Working Rule for Picards Method,Eulers Method,Modified Eulers Method,Runge-Kutta Method,Second Order Runge-Kutta Method,Third Order Runge-Kutta Method,Fourth Order Runge-Kutta Method,Simultaneous Differential Equations. Section-V : IT Infrastructure and Its Management UNIT 1: Introduction to MIS : What is an Information System?, Need for Information Systems, Competitive Business Environment, Why Business Need Information Technology?, Emergence of the Global Economy, Transformation of the Business Enterprise, Digital Convergence, Interactive Multimedia, Role of Information Technologies on the Emergence of New Organizational Forms, Change in Business Environment, IT and Organizational Design, IT-enabled Organizational Transformation, Four R's of Business Transformation, Five Levels of IT-induced Reconfiguration, Information and Knowledge Economy, Distributing Knowledge: Office and Document Management Systems,Creating Knowledge: Knowledge Work Systems,Requirements of Knowledge Work Systems,Contemporary Approach to Information System,Information System Management Challenges,Strategic Business Challenge,Globalization Challenge,Information Architecture Challenge,Information Systems Investment Challenge,Responsibility and Control Challenge,Ethical and Social Issues of Information System,A Model for Thinking about Ethical, Social and Political Issues,Key Technology Trends that Raise Ethical Issues,Ethics in an Information Society.

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UNIT 2: Information System in the Enterprise : Enterprise Information System,Sales and Marketing Information Systems,Activities or Functions of Marketing Information Systems,Interactive Marketing,Targeted Marketing,Manufacturing Information Systems, Computer-integrated Manufacturing (CIM),Human Resource Information Systems (HRIS),HRM and the Internet,HRM and the Corporate Intranet,Staffing the Organization,Training and Development,Accounting Information Systems,Cross-functional Enterprise Systems,Enterprise Application Architecture, Enterprise Application Integration,Enterprise Collaboration Systems, Transaction Processing Systems (TPS), Types of Transactions,Characteristics of Transaction Processing Systems,Features of TPS,Decision Support System (DSS),Management Information System (MIS),Executive Support System (ESS), Role of ESS in the Organization,Benefits of ESS,Advantages of ESS,Disadvantages of ESS,Functional Prospectives of Information System,Sales and Marketing Systems,Manufacturing and Production Systems,Finance and Accounting Systems,Human Resources Systems,Enterprise Systems (ES),Benefits of Enterprise Systems,Challenge of Enterprise Systems,Enterprise Information Systems (EIS),Strategic Uses of Information Systems,Firm-level Strategy and Information Technology,Industry-level Strategy and Information Systems,IS Techniques to Gain Competitive Advantage,Economic Organizational and Behavioral Impacts,Economic Theories,Behavioral Theories,It Impact on Decision-making,Traditional and Contemporary Management,Implications for System Design,Leveraging Technology in the Value Chain,MIS and Core Competency,Strategic Information System (SIS),Observing Strategic Behavior,Characteristics of SIS. UNIT 3: Electronic Commerce and Digital Organization : Electronic Commerce,Definition of Electronic Commerce,Digital Organization,Internet Based Business Model,How Internet Business Models

Work,Business-2-Business,Business Models for Conducting B2B E-Commerce,Advantages of ECommerce for B2B Businesses, Systems for Improving B2B E-Commerce,Examples for Online Business-to-Business Model, Examples for Online Business-to-Consumer (B2C) Model,Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), Business-to-Customer,Role of Intranet,How Intranets Support Electronic Business,Intranets and Group Collaboration,Intranet Applications for Electronic Business,Roles of Intranet in Organization,Four Purposes of an Intranet.
UNIT 4: Business Hardware/Software and it Infrastructure : Computer Systems Hardware,Central

Processing Unit (CPU),Memory or Storage, Input/Output Devices,Software Concepts,System Software,Application Software, Programming Languages, IT Infrastructure,Value of IT Infrastructure, Roles and Views, Evolution of It Infrastructure,Electronic Accounting Machine Era: 1930-1950, General-purpose Mainframe and Minicomputer Era: 1959 to Present, Personal Computer Era: (1981 to Present),Client/Server Era (1983 to Present),Enterprise Internet Computing Era (1992 to Present),Moore's Law,Moore's Law and Micro-processing Power,Law of Mass Digital Storage, Metcalfe's Law and Network Economics,IT Infrastructure Components, Other Infrastructure Components ,Current Trends in Hardware Platforms,Interactive Multimedia, Smart Cards and Microminiaturization,Network Structure,Information Technology on the Emergence of Networks,Role of IOISs within the Network Structure,Enterprise Software,Types of Enterprise Software, Groupware, Conversations, Transactions, Collaborations.
UNIT 5: Business Networks and Telecommunications : Telecommunication, Communication Technologies

in Business, Videoconferncing, What is Videoconferencing?, Basic Videoconferencing Technology, Wireless Payments, Wireless Payment System, Design of Wireless Payment System, Bandwidth, What is Network Bandwidth?, Internet Connection Bandwidths, Network Medium, Twisted-pair Cable, Coaxial Cable, Networks and Their Type, Goals of Networks, Classification of Networks, Broadcast Networks, Point-to-point or Switched Networks, Network Topology, Bus Topology, Star Topology, Ring Topology, Tree Topology, Mesh Topology, Cellular Technology, Applications of Network, Types of Computer Networks, Metropolitan Area Network (MAN),Wide Area Network (WAN),Advantages of Networks, Protocols, Classification of Protocols, Internet Networking Services, Future of Networking Technologies, Broadband Telephony, VOIP,RFID and Convergence.

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UNIT 6: Database and Datawarehouse : Database,Traditional vs Database Approach,Files the Traditional

Approach,Database The Modern Approach,Database Models,Relational Model,Object-oriented Model,Hierarchical Model,Network Model,Database on the Web,What is a Web Database?,Daffodil DB: A Web Database,PHP,PHP and Daffodil DB: Together?,Data Warehousing,Characteristics of Data Warehouse,What is a Data Warehouse?,Use of Data Warehouses in Organisations,Need to Build a Data Warehouse. The Wireless Revolution : Wireless Revolution,Wireless Network Technologies,Business Value,WIMAX,Broadband Access,Limitations,EVDO,First Sight of EVDO,M-commerce,Future of Mcommerce,Specific Advantages of Mobile Commerce,M-Commerce Services and Applications,Application in CRM,Killer App Elusive, Probably Impossible,Customers will Choose their Personal Killer App,Four Principles for Building Mobile Customer Relationships,Web Based CRM vs Hosted CRM,Application in Supply Chain and Healthcar
UNIT 7: Decision Support : Introduction to Decision Making,Levels of Decision Making,Structured and

Unstructured Decisions,Structured Decision,Unstructured Decisions,Structured versus Unstructured, Types of Decisions and Systems,Stages of Decision Making,Individual Models of Decision Making,The Rational Model,Bounded Rationality and Satisficing,Muddling Through, Psychological Types and Frames of Reference,Organizational Models of Decision Making, Bureaucratic Models,Political Models of Organizational Choice, Expert System,Basic Properties of an Expert System,Expert System Definition,Need of Expert System,Building Block of Expert System,Analysis,Specification,Development,Deployment,Decision Support System,Need for an Expanded Framework,Types of Decision Support System,Data-Driven DSS,Model-Driven DSS,Knowledge-Driven DSS,Document-Driven DSS,Communications-Driven and Group DSS,InterOrganizational or Intra-Organizational DSS,Function-Specific or General Purpose DSS, Components of DSS, Examples of Dss Applications, DSS and MIS, Group Decision Support Systems,GDSS Characteristics and Software Tools, Features of GDSS, Goals of GDSS, Limitations of GDSS, Geographic Information System, Views of GIS, Components of GIS,Advantages of GIS,Application of GIS,Major Areas of Application.
UNIT 8 : Business Intelligence and Knowledge Management : Business Intelligence, Customers,

Competitor, Business Partners, Economic Environment, Internal Operations, Knowledge Management, Data Mining, Definition of Data Mining, Architecture of Data Mining, How Data Mining Works, Online Analytical Processing, Characteristics of OLAP, The FASMI Test, OLAP Data Modelling, Executive Dashboards, Features of Executive Dashboards, Benefits of Executive Dashboards, Business Process Management, Types of Knowledge Management Systems, Explicit Knowledge, Tactic Knowledge, Knowledge Work Systems, Requirements of KWS, Examples of KWS, Organizational Intelligence.
UNIT 9: Redesigning the Organization with Information System : Systems as Planned Organizational

Change,Linking Information Systems to the Business Plan,Establishing Organizational Information Requirements,System Development and Organizational Change,Business Process Reengineering,Implications of Business Process Reengineering,What is Business Process?, Definition of BPR,Process Improvement and Total Quality Management,How Information System Contribute to Total Quality Management, Overview of Systems Development,Systems Analysis,Establishing Information Requirements, System Design,The Role of End Users,Completing the Systems Development Process,Alternative System Building Approaches,Traditional Systems Lifecycle, Prototyping,Application Software Packages,End-user Development,Management Opportunities Challenges and Solutions,Unproven Business Models,Business Process Change Requirements.

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Section-VI : Object Oriented Programming with C++

UNIT 1 : Object Oriented Paradigm : Evaluation of Programming Paradigm ,Software Evolution ,Study ,Analysis , Design ,Implementation , Maintenance, A look at Procedure-oriented Programming Paradigm Object Oriented Programming Paradigm , Basic concepts of Object Oriented Programming ,benefits of OOP. UNIT 2 : Object Oriented Programming Languages : Object Oriented Programming Languages ,Applications of OOP ,C++ at a Glance ,Applications of C++ ,Structure of a C++ Program ,Running C++ Program . C++ Data Types : C++ Character Set ,Token, Identifier and Keywords ,Constants and Variables ,Data Types ,Creating Constants , Creating Variables ,User-defined Data Types ,Enumerated Data Type ,Type Compatibility ,Derived Data Types . UNIT 3 : Operators and Expressions ,Arithmetic Operators ,Assignment Operators, Assignment Expression, Comparison Operators (Relational Operators) ,Logical Operators ,Shift Operators ,Special Operators ,The size of Operator , Operator Precedence and associativity ,Type Conversions ,Statements . UNIT 4 : Control Flow : Branching ,Simple if Statement ,If-else Statement ,Nested If-else Statement ,Else-if Statement ,Goto Statement ,Switch Statement ,Looping ,For Loop ,While Loop ,Do-while Loop ,Break Statement ,Continue Statement . UNIT 5 : Arrays : Arrays ,Array Declaration ,Important Points about Arrays ,Multidimensional Arrays ,Row Major, Column Major ,Strings ,Sequential Fixed Length Structure ,Linked List Fixed Size Nodes ,Strings Manipulations , Character String Output Functions. UNIT 6 : Functions : Function in C++ ,Function Components ,Function Arguments ,Default Arguments ,Library Functions ,Function Invocation Methods ,Call by Value ,Call by Reference ,Recursion ,Inline Functions . Classes And Objects : Class Specification ,Accessing Class Members ,Defining Member Functions , Data Hiding ,A C++ Program with Class ,Nesting of Member Functions ,Static Data Members ,Static Member Functions. UNIT 7 : Arrays of Objects , Objects as Function Arguments ,Returning Objects ,Friend Functions ,Class Relationship ,Types of Relationships ,Base Class and Derived Class (Super class and Sub class) . Constructors And Destructors : Constructors ,Parameterized Constructors ,Constructors with Default Arguments ,Copy Constructors ,Dynamic Constructors ,Destructors ,Order of constructor & destructor calls. UNIT 8 : Operator Overloading And Type Conversions : Overloading Unary Operators ,Overloading Binary Operators using Friends ,Manipulation of Strings using Operator Overloading ,Rules for Overloading Operators , Type Conversions ,Basic to Class Type , Class to Basic Type ,One Class to Another Class Type. UNIT 9 : Inheritance : Defining Derived Classes ,Single Inheritance ,Making a Private Member Inheritable , Multilevel Inheritance , Multiple Inheritances ,Hierarchical Inheritance ,Hybrid Inheritance ,Virtual Base Classes. UNIT 10 : Virtual Functions And Polymorphism : Virtual Functions ,Need for Virtual Functions ,Pointers to Derived Class Objects ,Pure Virtual Functions , Abstract Classes ,Rules for Virtual Functions. UNIT 11 : Data File Operations : Data File Operations ,Opening a File ,Closing an Opened File ,Stream State Member Functions , Reading/Writing a Character from/into a File ,Structures and File Operations ,Classes and File Operations.

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Semester IV

Section-I : Computer Graphics

UNIT 1: Overview of Computer Graphics : Introduction ,Computer Graphics System ,Interactive Graphics , Passive Graphics ,Application of Computer Graphics , Display Devices : Introduction ,Display Devices ,Cathode Ray Tube. UNIT 2: Bit-Mapped Graphics ,Graphics Attributes ,Refresh Cathode Ray Tubes ,Random Scan Displays , Raster-Scan Displays , Color CRT Monitors ,Direct-View Storage Tubes (DVST),Plasma Panel Displays ,Thin Film Electroluminescent displays , UNIT 3: Light Emitting Diode (LED) ,Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) ,Hard Copy Output Devices. UNIT 4: 2-D Graphics :Introduction ,Scan Conversion ,Digital Differential Analyzer UNIT 5: Bresenham's Algorithm ,Integer Bresenham's Algorithm ,General Bresenham's Algorithm ,Circle Generation Algorithms,Bresenham's circle generation algorithm,Midpoint Circle Algorithm ,Ellipse Generation algorithms ,Midpoint Ellipse Algorithm ,Arc Generation algorithms ,Fill Algorithms UNIT 6: Fundamentals of Antialiasing ,Dithering ,2-D Graphics Transformations , Geometric and Coordinate Transformations, Transformation Composition ,2-D View and Clipping , UNIT 7 : Exterior and Interior Clipping ,Viewport Transformation ,Polygon Clipping ,Text Clipping. UNIT 8 : Interactive Graphics :Introduction ,Interactive Graphic Devices ,Interactive Graphical Techniques , Basic Interaction Tasks ,Basic Drawing Method. UNIT 9: Computer Graphics Software :Introduction ,Graphics Kernel System ,PHIGS/PHIGS+ . UNIT 10: 3-D Graphics : Introduction ,3-D Graphics Transformations ,Coordinate Transformations ,3-D Projections, Perspective Projection on a Plane with C(0,0,0) , Perspective Projection on a Plane with C(a,b,c), Parallel Projections ,3-D Viewing and Clipping. UNIT 11: Hidden Lines and Surfaces Scan line Entries (a) (b) (c) (d) ,Importance of Wireframe Models ,Demerits of Wireframe Models ,Representing a Polygonal Net Model ,Bezier Curves and Surfaces ,B-Splines. UNIT 12: Multimedia : Introduction ,Multimedia Hardware,Multimedia Software Tools , Application Areas for Multimedia, Multimedia Components Hypermedia ,Multimedia Technology. Section-II : Computer Organization UNIT 1 : Number Systems : Different number systems ,Decimal Number system ,Binary Number System ,conversions ,Decimal to Other Number Systems ,Binary System to Other Number Systems ,Octal Number System to Other Number Systems , Hexadecimal System to Other Systems ,complements,arithmetic operation in binary number system ,Addition , Subtraction ,Multiplication ,Division ,Floating Point , Representation of numbers ,Fixed Point Format ,Floating Point Format ,binary codes ,BCD (Binary Coded Decimal) ,EBCDIC (Extended Binary Coded Decimal Interchange Code) ,Excess-3 Code ,Gray Code. UNIT 2 : Basic - Logic Gates Buffer Gate ,NOT Gate ,OR Gate,AND Gate ,NOR Gate ,XOR Gate ,NAND Gate ,XNOR Gate ,Logic Circuits , Universal Gates: NOR and NAND ,Multiple Input Gates ,Boolean Algebra ,Boolean Variable ,Boolean Function , Dual of a Boolean Function ,Inverse of a Boolean Function ,Boolean Function Representation ,Canonical Forms , Sum of Minterms or Sum of Product (SOP) Form ,Product of Sum (POS) Page 25 of 53

Form ,Standard form ,Boolean Function Simplification: Algebraic Method ,Boolean Function Simplification: Karnaugh Map Method ,Drawing the K-map ,Filling in the minterms in the K-map ,Simplifying the K-map ,Implications of Cell Groups , Applications of K-map Digital Circuits ,Don't Care Conditions. UNIT 3 : Combinational Logic Circuits Design : Combinational Circuits ,Design Procedure ,Adders ,Half-Adder ,Full Adder ,Subtractors ,Half-Subtractor ,Full-Subtractor ,Multiplexers and demultiplexers ,Multiplexers ,Demultiplexer ,Encoder and Decoder ,Encoder , Decoder ,Parallel adders. UNIT 4 : Sequential Circuits : Concept of Sequential Logic ,Flip-flops ,S-R Flip-Flop ,The Clocked S-R FLIP-FLOP ,The J-K FLIP-FLOP, Preset and Clear ,Race-Around Condition ,The Master-Slave J-K FLIP-FLOP ,D-Type FLIPFLOP ,The T-type FLIP-FLOP, Registers ,Serial-Input Parallel Output ,Series-In, Series-Out Register ,Parallel-InSerial Out ,Parallel-In Parallel Out ,Right-Shift, Left-Shift Register ,Counters ,Ripple (ASYNCHRONOUS) Counters ,Up-Down Counter ,Divide-by-N Counter ,Synchronous Counters ,Mod-10 or Decade Counter ,MOD-5 Counters ,Mod-3 Counter , Synchronous Decade Counter . UNIT 5 : Register Transfer And Micro Operations : Register Transfer ,Bus System ,Micro operations ,Register Transfer Micro operations , Arithmetic Micro operations ,Logic Micro operations ,Shift Micro operations ,General Register Organization ,Stack Organization ,Register Stack ,Memory Stack ,Instruction Formats ,ThreeAddress Instructions ,Two-Address Instructions ,One-Address Instructions ,Zero-Address Instructions , RISC Instructions ,Addressing Modes ,Data Transfer and Manipulation ,Data Transfer Instructions ,Data Manipulation Instructions ,Micro Programmed Control ,Conditional Branch Instructions ,Subroutine Call and Return ,Program Interrupt ,Types of Interrupts , RISC Characteristics . UNIT 6 : Input-Output Organisation : Peripheral Devices ,Input-Output Interface ,I/O Bus and Interface Modules ,I/O versus Memory Bus ,Isolated versus Memory-mapped I/O ,Example of I/O interface ,Data Transfer Technique, Asynchronous Data Transfer , Strobe Control ,Handshaking ,Asynchronous Serial Transfer, Asynchronous Communication Interface ,Mode of Transfer ,Programmed I/O (PIO) ,Example of Programmed I/O ,Interrupt-Initiated I/O ,I/O interrupts ,Daisy-Chaining Priority ,Parallel Priority Interrupt ,Priority Encoder ,Interrupt Cycle ,Software Routines ,Initial and Final Operations ,Direct Memory Access (DMA) ,DMA Controller ,DMA Transfer ,Input-output Processor (IOP) , CPU-IOP Communication ,Channel . UNIT 7 : Memory Organisation : Memory Unit ,Main Memory ,Auxiliary Memory ,Other Types of Memory ,Types of RAM ,Memory Hierarchy , Associative Memory ,Hardware Organization of Associative Memory ,Working ,Read Only Memory ,Building Large Memories Using Chips ,Cache Memory ,Basic Operation of Cache, Performance of Cache Memory. UNIT 8 : Associative Mapping ,Direct Mapping ,Set Associative Mapping ,Virtual Memory ,Paging ,Page Replacement , Page Fault ,Page Replacement Algorithms , TLB (Translation Lookaside Buffer) ,Demand Paging.

Section-III : Database Management Systems UNIT 1 : Introduction To Databases : Database and its Hierarchies ,Why a Database? ,History of Databases ,Types of DBMS ,Record Based Logical Model ,Physical Models ,Object-oriented Model. UNIT 2 : Database Environment : Database and DBMS Software ,Database Architecture ,Three Layered Architecture ,Three Views of Data ,Data Independence ,Database Languages and Interfaces ,Characteristics of Database Approach. UNIT 3 : Relational Model : Logical Data Models ,Relational Data Model ,Characteristics of Relation ,Relational Model Notation ,Relational Constraints and Relational Database Schemas ,Querying Relational Data ,Update Operations ,The Delete Operation.

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UNIT 4 : Relational Algebra and Calculus : Relational Algebra ,Relational Operations ,PROJECT Operation (Denoted by p) ,Set Operations ,Join Operations , Additional Relational Operations ,Relational Calculus. UNIT 5 : SQL: Data Manipulation : SQL Language ,Non-procedural ,Unified Languages ,Embedded SQL ,SQL Database Objects ,Object Naming Conventions ,Object Naming Guidelines ,Tables ,Views ,Indexes ,SQL Data Types ,Character Data Types , NUMBER Data Type ,RAW and LONG RAW Data Types ,MLSLABEL Data Type ,Nulls ,DDL, DML and TCL Commands ,Data Definition Language Commands ,Data Manipulation Language Commands ,Transaction Control Commands ,Retrieving Data ,Retrieving the Entire Table ,Retrieving Specified Columns ,Retrieving Rows Satisfying a Given Condition ,Inserting Data ,Updating Data , Deleting Data. UNIT 6 : SQL: Data Definition : Creating and Altering Tables ,Views ,Sequence ,Index . UNIT 7 : Database Planning, Design And Administration : Database Application Life-cycle ,Alternate System Development Methodologies ,Database Planning , System Definition ,Requirements Collections and Analysis ,Database Design ,DBMS Selection, Application Design , Database Administration . UNIT 8 : Entity Relationship Modelling : Database Design ,Entity, Attributes and Entity Sets ,Entity ,Attribute ,Entity Set ,Relationships and Relationship Sets ,ER Diagrams ,Cardinality Constraints ,Key Constraints ,Additional Features of ER Model ,Generalization and Specification ,Aggregation ,Conceptual Database Design with the ER Model . UNIT 9 : Normalization : Anomalies in Databases ,Redundancy ,Inconsistency ,Update Anomalies ,Good Database Designing ,Informal Design Guidelines for Relational Schemas ,Functional Dependencies ,Normalization ,First Normal Form (1NF) , Second Normal Form (2NF) ,Third Normal Form (3NF) ,Boyce-Codd Normal Form ,Fourth Normal Form (4NF).

UNIT 10 : Conceptual and logical Database Design :Conceptual Database Design ,Conceptual Database Design Methodology Features ,Steps Involved in Conceptual Database Building ,Logical Database Design ,Critical Success Factors in Database Design ,Steps Involved in Logical Database Building. UNIT 11 : Physical Database Design For Relational Model : Physical Database Design ,Factors Influencing Physical Database Design,Physical Database Design Features , Physical Database Design Decisions,Steps Involved in Physical Database Building. UNIT 12 : Monitoring and Tuning the Operational Systems : Proactive Database Monitoring ,Database System Implementation ,Database Tuning in Relational Systems , Tuning Indexes ,Tuning the Database Design ,Tuning Queries . Database Security Access Control ,Security Mechanisms Common to All Databases that Implement SQL ,Discretionary Access Control ,Mandatory Access Control ,MAC Precludes Informal Access Decisions, Polyinstantiation ,Additional Issues to Security ,Role of Database Administrator ,Security Administration ,Statistical Database ,Security in Statistical Databases ,Encryption and Auditing. Transaction Management Transaction ,Properties of a Transaction ,Transactions and Schedules ,Commit and Rollback, Concurrency , Locking ,Types of Locks ,Conversion of Locks ,Timestamp Ordering ,Multi-version Concurrency Control Techniques. UNIT 13 : Query Processing : Query Execution Algorithms ,External Sorting ,Implementing the SELECT Operation ,Implementing the Search Operation ,Implementing Project and Set Operations ,Implementing Aggregate Operations ,Heuristics in Query Optimization ,Notation for Query Trees and Query Graphs ,Heuristic Optimization of Query Trees ,General Transformation Rules for Relational Algebraic Operations, Heuristic Algebraic Optimization Algorithm

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UNIT 14 : Distributed Databases : Distributed Database ,Data Distribution Advantages ,Data Distribution Disadvantages ,Functions of Distributed Database Management System ,Components of Distributed Database Management System ,Levels of Data and Process Distribution ,Types of Distributed Database Systems ,DDBMS Transparency Features ,Issues in Distribute Database Designing ,Data Fragmentation ,Data Replication ,Data Allocation ,Query Processing in Distributed Databases ,Semi-join ,Client-Server Database ,Distributed Data Access ,ODBC Connectivity . UNIT 15 : Object-Oriented Database Management Systems :Object-oriented Databases,Database Design of OODBMS,Important Characteristics Associated with Object-oriented Databases ,Structured Data Types and their Operations ,Database Design of ORDBMS ,Database Design of Object-relational DBMS (ORDBMS) ,Comparing RDMBS, OODBMS and ORDBMS . UNIT 16 : Oracle Rdbms Architecture :Oracle Database Definitions ,Oracle Tables ,Organization of Data in Oracle ,Logical Database Structure , Tablespaces ,Data Blocks, Extents and Segments ,Data Block Format ,Physical Database Structure ,Oracle Tools , Stand-alone Tools ,Administration Tools.

Section-IV : Information Systems UNIT 1 : Basic Concepts of Operating System :Introduction UNIT 2 : Computer Hardware & OS Interaction ,Functions ,Components ,System Structure . UNIT 3 : Process Scheduling : Introduction ,Threads ,Inter Process Communication UNIT 4 : CPU Scheduling Criteria, CPU Scheduling Algorithms. UNIT 5 : Process Synchronization : Introduction ,Process Synchronization Concepts UNIT 6 : Critical Section Problems ,Synchronization Hardware , Semaphores, Classical problems of synchronization ,Monitors. UNIT 7 : Deadlock : Introduction ,Basic Concepts of Deadlock ,Deadlock Prevention, Deadlock Avoidance and Detection , Recovery from Deadlock. UNIT 8 : Paging : Introduction, Segmentation : Introduction

Section-V : Signals and Systems UNIT 1 : Signals and Systems : Signals ,Types of Signals and their Representation ,Coninuous-time Signals ,Periodic and Aperiodic Signal ,Even (symmetric) and Odd (Anti symmetric) Signals ,Energy and Power Signals ,Deterministic and Random Signals. UNIT 2 : Rectangular Function ,Interrelationship between Unit Step, Unit Impulse and Unit Ramp ,Complex Exponential and Sinusoidal Signals ,Sinusoidal Signals ,Triangular Pulse Function ,Signum Function ,Gaussian Function Frequency ,Discrete Time Sinusoidal Signal ,Complex Exponential Signal ,Transformation of the Dependent Variable ,Basic Operation of a Discrete Signal. UNIT 3 : Laplace Transform (LT) : Laplace Transform ,Definition of Bilateral Laplace Transform ,Types of Laplace Transform ,Definition of Unilateral Laplace Transform,Properties of Region of Convergence ,Properties of Laplace Transform ,Linearity , Time Shifting,Shifting in s-domain ,Time Scaling ,Time Reversal ,Differentiation in Time Domain,Differentiation in s-domain ,Convolution in Time Domain ,Integration in Time Domain

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,Integration in s-domain ,Initial Value Theorem ,Final Value Theorem ,Inverse Laplace Transform ,Analysis and Characterization of LTI System . UNIT 4 : Z-Transform ,ROC (Region of Convergence) ,Properties of Region of Convergence (ROC) ,Z-Transform of Some Important Sequences ,Properties of z-transform ,Linearity ,Time Shifting ,Multiplication by Exponential Sequence ,Time Reversa, Multiplication by n ,Convolution ,Conjugation of a Complex Sequence ,Properties of Unilateral z-transform ,Time Shift Property ,Initial Value Theorem ,Final Value Theorem ,Inverse z-transform , Long Division Method ,Analysis and characterization of LTI System ,Relationship between DTFT and z-transform. UNIT 5 : Fourier Transform :Signals ,Existence of Fourier Transform (Dirichlet's Condition) ,Properties of Continuous Time Fourier Transform ,Linearity ,Time Shifting ,Frequency Shifting ,Time Reversal ,Time Scaling ,Duality or Symmetry Property ,Parsevals Theorem ,Inverse Fourier Transform ,Relation between Laplace Transform and Fourier Transform ,Discrete Time Fourier Transform (DTFT) ,Properties of DTFT ,Periodicity ,Linearity ,Time Shift , Frequency Shifting Property ,Time Reversal ,Conjugation and Conjugate Symmetry ,Inverse Discrete Time Fourier Transform ,Comparison Between Continuous Time FT and DTFT. UNIT 6 : Fourier Transform Systems : Systems ,Classification of Systems ,Static and Dynamic Systems (Systems with memory and without memory) , Time Invariant and Time Variant Systems ,Linear and Non-linear Systems ,Stable and Unstable System , Invertible and Noninvertible System . UNIT 7 : Convolution Integrals ,Graphical Procedure to Perform Convolution , Convolution Sum ,Cross Correlation ,Energy Spectral Density. UNIT 8 : Time and Frequency Domain Analysis of System : Introduction ,Analysis of First Order and Second Order Systems ,CT System Analysis using Lap lace Transform , System Function of CT System ,Poles and Zeros ,Block Diagram Representation ,Discrete Time System Function ,Block Diagram Representation of Discrete Time System ,System Bandwidth and Rise Time ,Definition ,Rise Time . Section-VI : Software and engineering UNIT 1 : Software Process and Development Models : Introduction SDLC Models What is a Software Process? UNIT 2 : Data Flow Diagrams Petri Net Models Object Models Use Case Diagrams Scenarios Sequence Diagrams Hierarchy Diagrams State Diagrams Lattice Models . UNIT 3 : Software Project Management : Introduction Management Approaches Team Approaches UNIT 4 : Critical Practices Capability Maturity UNIT 5 : Model Personal Software Process Earned Value Analysis Error Tracking Postmortem Reviews. UNIT 6 : Software Project Planning : Project Planning Software Scope Cost Estimation PERT Program Evaluation and Review Technique UNIT 7 : Software Cost Estimation Software Estimation Risks Software Metrics Software measurement Theory UNIT 8 : Risk Analysis and Management : Introduction Risk Identification Risk Exposure Risk Management Plans.

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Semester V Section-I : Design & Analysis of Algorithms UNIT 1: Introduction to Evolutionary Computation : Introduction Evolutionary Algorithms as Optimization Techniques Numerical Methods of optimization Linear Programming Nonlinear Programming Integer Programming Quadratic Programming Stochastic Programming Dynamic Programming Thoery of Evolution Darwins Theory of Evolution Genetics Machine Intelligence Features of Evolutionary Computation Advantages of Evolutionary Computation Application Areas of Evolutionary Computation. UNIT 2: Paradigms Of Evolutionary Computation : Introduction Forms of Evolution Cooperative Coevolution Competitive Coevolution Interactive Evolution Models of Evolutionary Computation Genetic Algorithms (GA) Genetic Programming (GP) Evolutionary Programming (EP) Evolutionary Strategies (ES) Working With Evolutionary Algorithms Parameters of Evolutionary Algorithms Population Size Fitness FunctionSelection Mutation Parameter Tuning of EA Deterministic Parameter Control Adaptive Parameter Control Self-adaptive Parameter Control Choice Of Parameters Advantages of Evolutionary Algorithms. UNIT 3: Genetic Algorithms With Matlab : Introduction History of Genetic Algorithm Biological Background Chromosome Gene Allele Locus Genotype Phenotype Genotype and Phenotype Mapping Search Space Genetic Algorithms. UNIT 4: Parameters of GA Chromosome Gene Encoding Individual Population Generation Fitness function GA selection GA Crossover GA Mutation Working of Genetic Algorithms Additional Operators in GA Diploidy and Dominance Restricted Mating Niche and Speciation Mutation and Naive Evolution Epistasis Deception Inversion and Reordering Types of Genetic Algorithm Sequential GA Parallel GA Hybrid GA Adaptive GA Integrated Adaptive GA (IAGA) Messy GA Generational GA (GGA) Steady State GA (SSGA) Matlab Based Case Study Illustration 1: Maximizing the Given Function Illustration 2 Optimization of a Multidimensional Nonconvex Function Illustration 3 - Traveling Salesman Problem Illustration 4 - Constrained Problem Illustration 5 Maximum of any Given Function Illustration 6 - Genetic Algorithm Based PID Controller. UNIT 5 : Introduction S-expressions and Lisp A Brief History of Genetic Programming Genetic Programming Parameters of Genetic Programming Set of Functions and Terminals Population Initialisation Fitness Function Selection Crossover Mutation Elitism The GP Process Parameter Control in GP The Population Size Number of Generations Length of the Tree Selection Method Crossover Probability Reproduction Probability Parallel Genetic Programming Distributed Genetic Programming Principles of Parallel Genetic Programming Advantages of Genetic Programming. UNIT 6 : Evolutionary Programming : Introduction Historical Overview Finite State Machines Algorithm of Ep Parameters Representation Mutation Recombination Parent Selection Survivor Selection Types of Ep Directed EP Exponential EP Fast EP Advantages and Disadvantages of EP UNIT 7: Evolutionary Strategies : Introduction History Evolutionary Strategies Algorithm Parameters Representation Mutation Recombination Parent Selection Survivor Selection Self-adaptation in ES Need for Self Adaptation in ES The Principal Idea Implementation of Self Adaptation in ES Cma Es Matlab Based Implementation of Evolution Strategies UNIT 8 : Advanced Topics in EC : Introduction to Optimization Techniques Multi-objective EA Basic Principles of MOEA Aggregating Functions Population-Based Approach Pareto-Based Approach Algorithm Parameters of the Algorithm Hybrid EA Organization of Hybrid Algorithms Parallel EA History Design and Implementation of Parallel model Parallelization Parallel models Self Adapting EAS Classification of Adaptation Mechanisms Levels of Adaptation Adaptation Rules Self Adaptive EA Advantages of Parallel Evolutionary Algorithms Matlab Exercises

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Section-II : Digital Electronics UNIT 1: Fundamentals of digital tecniques : What is a Digital Signal Analog Signals Digital Signals Discrete Time Signals Waveforms in Digital Systems Digital Circuits Logic Gates, Truth, AND Gate OR Gate, NOT Gate, NAND Gate, NOR Gate, XOR Gate, XNOR gate, Universal Gates, Equivalent Gates, Boolean Algebra, Introduction, Boolean Arithmetic, Boolean Algebraic Identities ,Boolean Algebraic Properties

UNIT 2: Boolean Rules for Simplification, Circuit Simplification , De-Morgans Theorems, Review of Number Systems, Decimal Number System, Binary Number System,Conversion from Binary to Decimal, Conversion from Decimal Whole Numbers to Binary, Converting Decimal Fractions to Binary, Octal Number System, Conversion from Decimal Whole Numbers to Octal UNIT 3: Converting Decimal Fractions to Octal, Converting Octal to Binary, Converting Binary to Octal ,Hexadecimal Number System, Converting Hexadecimal to Binary, Converting Binary to Hexadecimal, Binary Arithmetic , Negative Binary Numbers, Binary Codes, Binary Code, The 8421(BCD) Binary Coded Decimal, 4221 BCD Code, Gray Code, ASCII Codes (American Standard for Computer Information Interchange) , EBCDIC Alphanumeric Code, Excess-3 Code, Error Detection and Correction Codes Echoplex Automatic Detection and Retransmission ,Forward Error Correction. UNIT 4 : Combinational Design Using Gates : Minterms and Maxterms. Sum Of Products (Sop), Product Of Sums (Pos), Minimization of Boolean Expressions: Minimization Techniques, Algebraic Manipulation of Boolean Expressions, Karnaugh Maps ,Tabular Method of Minimization (Quine Mcluskey Method of Simplification), Introduction, Rules of Tabular Method. UNIT 5 : ComBinational Design Using MSI Devices : Introduction, Half Adder, Full Adder, Half Subtractor , Full Subtractor, BCD Adder, BCD Subtractor, 9s Complement, Decoder, Basic Binary Decoder, The Three Bit Binary Decoder, The BCD-to-Decimal Decoder, Encoders, The Decimal-to-BCD Encoder, Multiplexers, DeMultiplexers. UNIT 6 : Sequential Circuits : Combinational Circuit, Sequential Circuits , Latch, The S-R Latch, Flip-Flops, S-R Flip-Flop, The D Flip-Flop, The JK Flip-Flop, Race Around Condition, Master Slave J-K Flip Flop, Flip Flops with asynchronous inputs (Preset and Clear), UNIT 7 : Edge-Triggered Latches: Flip-Flops, Pulse-Triggered Master-Slave , The T Flip-Flop, Shift Registers, Introduction, Serial-in/Serial-Out Shift Register, Parallel in Serial Out Shift Register, Serial-in, Parallel-out Shift Register, Parallel-in,Parallel-out, Universal Shift Register, Counters, Introduction, Counter Classification, Asynchronous Counters, Asynchronous Counters Analysis, Asynchronous Counter Design, Synchronous Counters, Synchronous Counter Analysis, Synchronous Counter Design, Synchronous Bidirectional Counter. UNIT 8 : Digital LogicFamilies : Switching Mode Operation of P-N Junction Diode, The P-N Junction Diode, Zero Bias, Reverse Bias, Forward Bias, Switching Mode Operation of Bipolar Devices, Transistor Terminology, Transistors as switches, Load Line, Switching Mode Operation of MOS Devices, NMOS, PMOS UNIT 9 : The Perfect Switch, Using a MOSFET as a Switch, Bipolar Logic Families, Diode Logic, Diode Transistor Logic, Resistance, Transistor Logic, Direct Coupled Transistor Logic, Transistor-Transistor Logic, High Threshold Logic, Emitter Coupled Logic, Complementary Metal Oxide ,Semiconductor Logic (CMOS), Integrated Injection Logic, Totem Pole Output, Tristate Logic, Interfacing of CMOS and TTL Families, Interfacing of CMOS to TTL, Interfacing of TTL to CMOS. UNIT 10 : Analog To Digital And Digital To Analog Converters : Introduction, Sample and Hold Circuit, Digital to Analog Converter (DAC) , Weighted Resistor DAC or The R/2nR DAC,The R/2R DAC,Specifications of Digital to Analog Converters,DAC Figures of Merit, Analog to Digital Converters (ADC),Quantization Type ADC , Parallel Comparator ADC or Flash ADC, Counting Type ADC or Digital ramp ADC, Successive Approximation ADC,

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Tracking ADC, single-Slope ADC, Dual-Slope ADC, Delta-Sigma ADC, Practical Considerations of ADC Circuits, Specifications of Analog to Digital Converters. UNIT 11 : Programmable Logic Devices: ROM, PLAs, PAL, FpGA AND CPLDs : Read-Only Memory (ROM), Read Only Memory (ROM) Construction , Programmable Logic Arrays (PLAs) , Programmable Array Logic (PAL), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field UNIT 12: Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Introduction, The FPGA Placement Problem, The FPGA Routing Problem, Versatile Place and Route, Optimization by Simulated Annealing ,FPGA Routing with PathFinder, Motivation ,Primary Modifications, Complex Programmable Logic Devices (CPLDs), ,General Structure, Basic Construction using CPLDs, Construction of Different Devices using CPLDs, Designing using a Programmable Read Only Memory (PROM), Designing using a Programmable Array Logic (PAL),Designing using a Programmable Logic Array (PLA) Section-III : E-Commerce Unit 1 : Definition of E-Commerce, Electronic Commerce Framework, Zwass's Hierarchical Framework, Kalakota and Whinston's "Pillars" Framework, Riggins and Rhee's Domain Matrix, Electronic Commerce and Media Convergence, ANATOMY OF E-COMMERCE APPLICATIONS : Anatomy of E-Commerce Applications, Meaning of I-Way, Awareness about I-Way, Components of the I-Way, Market Forces Influencing the I-Way, Cable TV Set-Top Boxes, Computer-Based Telephony, Hubs, Wiring, Closets, Routers and Digital Switches, Global Information Distribution Networks, Fibre Optics Long-Distance Networks, Satellite Networks, Public Policy Issues Shaping the I-Way Unit 2 : INTERNET TERMINOLOGY : Internet Terminology, Provider or Internet Service Provider (ISP), Server, Browser, Hypertext Transfer Protocol, Uniform Resource Locators or URLs, Security Protocols, File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Telnet, Bulletin Board Systems (BBS), E-mail, Newsgroups, Remote Login, Internet Chatting, NSFNET: Architecture and Components, National Research and Educational Network (NREN), NREN Constituents, Importance of Commercial Interests. ELECTRONIC COMMERCE AND WORLD WIDE WEB : Electronic Commerce and World Wide Web, Architectural Framework for E-Commerce, Electronic Commerce Application Services, Information Brokerage and Management, Interface and Support Services, Middleware Services, WWW Architecture, Porting Applications to Operate in Client-Server Mode on the Web, Factoring an Existing Application into Client and Server, Restructuring Existing user Interfaces in HTML Forms, Managing a Stateless Protocol-Partitioning Persistent Storage, Graphic Output, Designing for Multiple Languages and for Customisation, Impact of Enhancements of Web Functionality, Hypertext Publishing, Technology Behind the Web, Representation Design Aspect, Standard Generalised Markup Language, Identification Design Aspect, Interaction Design Aspect Unit 3 : ELECTRONIC COMMERCE PROCESS : Consumer Oriented Applications, Mercantile Process Models, Pre-purchase Preparation, Purchase Consummation, Post Purchase Interaction, Issues in Customer Care and Service, Consumer's Perspective, Pre-purchase Preparation Phase, Purchase Consummation Phase, Postpurchase Interaction Phase, Merchant's Perspective, Customer Enquiry and Order Generation, Pricing of Product, Receipt of Order and Entry, Acceptance of Order and Prioritisation, Production Schedule, Order Fulfilment and Delivery, Billing, Customer Service and Support. ELECTRONIC PAYMENT SYSTEMS : Electronic Payment Systems (EPS), Virtual PIN, Digicash (or E-Cash), Cybercash/ Cybercoin, SET (Secure Electronic Transactions), Paypal, Millicent Protocol: Small-Amount Internet Payments, Conventional Payment Process, EPS Types, Payment Through an Intermediary-Payment Clearing Services, Payment Based on EFT-Notational Page 32 of 53

Funds Transfer, Payment Based on Electronic Currency, Designing EPS, Smart Cards and EPS, Credit Cards and EPS Unit 4 : ELECTRONIC DATA INTERCHANGE : Electronic Data Interchange, Definition of EDI, EDI Architecture, The EDI Transaction Steps, Benefits of EDI, Standardization and EDI, Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) Applications, Security and Privacy Issues. IMPLEMENTATION OF EDI : Software Implementations, Value Added Networks. Value Added Data Services, EDI Applications in Business, EDI Applications in E-commerce, Internal Information System Unit 5 : BUSINESS PROCESS MODELING AND SUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT : Workflow Automation, Workflow Automation Benefits, Workflow Tools, Workflow Coordination, Workflow Customization, Supply Chain Management, Enabling Technologies. MARKETING ON THE INTERNET : Marketing on the Internet, Advertising on the Internet, Sellers, Buyers, Charting the On-Line Marketing Process. Unit 6 : E-COMMERCE CATALOGS : E-Commerce Catalogs or Directories, Information Filtering. ELECTRONIC DATA INTERFACE, Consumer : Electronic Data Interface, Interface Standards and Guidelines, Emerging Tools, Facelessness is Becoming a Good Thing, Need to Find Easy Texts to Read, Instant Access Means Instant Success Unit 7 : MULTIMEDIA AND DIGITAL VIDEO : Multimedia and Digital Video Concepts, Digital Video and ECommerce, Video Conferencing. DATA TRANSFER MODE : Frame Relay, Cell Relay, Asynchronous Transfer Mode Unit 8 : MOBILE COMPUTING : Mobile Computing Framework, Mobility, Operations, Barriers, Information, Lag, Efficiency, Wireless Delivery Technology, Radio-Based System, Cellular Communication, Specialized Wireless Data Systems, Mobile Information Access Devices, Portable Computers, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), Hybrid Pen Computers, Cellular Data Communication Protocols, Mobile Computing Applications. Section-IV : OPERATING SYSTEMS AND SYSTEM SOFTWARE UNIT 1 : Introduction to Operating System : Introduction, Definition of Operating System, Functions of Operating System, Multi Programmed Batch Systems UNIT 2 : Time Sharing System, Personal Computer System, Parallel System, Distributed System, Real Time Systems. UNIT 3 : Operating System Structure : Introduction, System Components, Operating System Services UNIT 4 : System Calls, System Programs, System Structures, Virtual Machines UNIT 5 : Process Management : Introduction, Process Concepts, Process Scheduling, Operations on Processes UNIT 6 : CPU Scheduling : Introduction, CPU Scheduling, CPU Scheduling Basic Criteria, Scheduling Algorithms

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UNIT 7 : Deadlock, Deadlock's System Model, Deadlock Characterization, Methods for Handling Deadlocks UNIT 8 : Memory Management : Introduction, Memory Management, Logical and Physical Addresses, Swapping Concept

Section-V : INTRODUCTION TO WEB TECHNOLOGY UNIT 1: Introduction and Web Development Strategies : Introduction, History of Web,Protocols Governing Web, Introduction to Cyberlaws : Cyberlaw in India, Web Application, Creating Websites for individual and Corporate World, Writing Web Project, Identification of Objects UNIT 2 : Target Users : Market Research, Focus Group, Web Team, Evolution of Web Team, Types of Web Team, Planning and Process Development, Early Planning, Creative and Content Planning, Technical Planning, Production Planning UNIT 3 : Communication Issues : Introduction,Common Causes of Communication Breakdown, Creating Effective Communication System, Client, Importance of Client Management, The Client Education Process, Multi-departmental and large scale websites, Quality Assurance and Testing, Types of Testing,Technological Advances and Impact on Web Team

UNIT 4 : Introduction to HTML and CSS : Introduction, HTML Concept,Document Tags, HTML Tag, Text Structures, Headings, Paragraphs and Line Breaks, Logical and Physical Markup, Special Characters, Formatting text with Attributes, Changing fonts, Colors UNIT 5 : Advanced Concepts in HTML, Tables, Images, Forms, Frames, List, Introduction to Style Sheet, Adding style to HTML, Inline Styles, Internal Style Sheet, External Style Sheets, Cascading Style Sheets UNIT 6 : Java Script : Introduction, Java Script vs. Java, Advantages of Java Script, Disadvantages of Java Script, Creating Our First Program in Java Script, Conditional Statement,The If and If/Else Conditional Statements, The else/if Conditional Statement, The Switch/Case Conditional Statement, Variables , Declaring vs. Initializing Variables and Null, JavaScript Variable Naming Conventions, Variable Scope UNIT 7: Java Script Data Types : Primitive Data Types, Composite Data Types,JavaScript Loops, The for Loop, The while Loop, The do...while Loop, Break , Continue , Error Handling,Try...Catch Statement, Form Validation with Java Script, Required Fields, E-mail Validation, Java Script Objects, String Object, Date Object, Array Object, Boolean Object, Math Object,JavaScript Functions, Events, Event Association UNIT 8: Java Beans : Introduction, Component Model, The Java Beans Architecture, Features of Java Beans, Developing a Simple Bean, Introduction to Enterprise Java Bean, Points for EJB, EJB Architecture, Steps involved in Developing EJB. UNIT 9 : Stateless Session Bean : Life Cycle of Stateless Session Bean, State ful Session Bean, Life Cycle of Stateful Session Bean, Entity Bean, Life Cycle of Entity Bean, Message-Driven Bean , What Makes Message-Driven Beans Different from Session and Entity Beans?

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UNIT 10 : Java Database Connectivity : Introduction, JDBC Architecture, Two-tier Processing Model, Three-tier Processing Model, JDBC API, JDBC Drivers,Type 1 Driver- the JDBC-ODBC Bridge, Type 2 Driver - the Native-API Driver, Type 3 Driver - the Network-Protocol Driver, Type 4 - the Native-Protocol Driver UNIT 11 : JDBC New Features, Batch Updates, Scrollable Result Sets,Updatable ResultSets,Working with Rowsets, Working with Filtered Row Set, Parameter Meta Data,Using Save points, Connection Pooling UNIT 12 : Servlets : Introduction, Drawbacks of CGI, Advantages of Servlet over CGI, The life cycle of a servlet , Types of Servlet, Generic Servlet, Checking the Life Cycle of Generic Servlet, Server is Sending Response in Plain Text Format,Server is Sending Response in HTML Text Format, Client is Submitting Data to Server, Servlet API, Deploying Servlet in Apache Tomcat, Creating our Own Domain, Hierarchy of web. xml, Working with Http Servlet, Life Cycle of HttpServlet UNIT 13 : Session Tracking: Hidden Form Field, URL Rewriting, Persistent Cookies ,Http Session, Working with Initialization Parameter, Internationalization using Servlet, Filter Servlet,Importance of Filter, Filter API, Thread Safe Servlet, Listeners in Servlet,Making Home Page for our Own Domain UNIT 14 : Java Server Pages : Introduction, Advantages of JSP, Drawbacks of JSP, Writing the First Program in JSP, JSP Program Integrated inside HTML, Builtin Scriptlets in JSP, Declaring Variables in JSP, JSP Expression, JSP Directives, Page Directive, Include Directive, Taglib Directive, Error Handling in JSP, Action Tags in JSP, Include Action, Forward Action, Plugin Action, Use Bean Action, Get Property Action, Set Property Action,Param Action, Custom Tags in JSP, Declaring Tag Libraries, Designing a .tld File, JSP Session,Introduction to JSTL (Java Standard Tag Library), Introduction to Struts Framework, Model-View-Architecture UNIT 15 : XML : Introduction to XML, Advantages and Disadvantages of XML, History of XML, Structure of an XML Document, Tree Structure of XML, Working with Xml Entities,Document type Definition (DTD), Declaring Elements and Attributes in an XML DTD, Integrating CSS in our XML document, Introduction to XSL, XML Parsers, Classification of XML Parsers, DOM Parser, SAX (Simple API for XML) Parser, XML Schema, Uses of XML UNIT 16 : Web Tools : Common Gateway Interface, PERL, Functions, Variables and Data Structures , Loops, Operators, File I/O, Matching (1 & 2), Matching (3), Remote Method Invocation, Writing RMI Services, Introduction to COM, COM - What Exactly is It?, Definitions of the Basic Elements, Working with COM Objects, Advantages of Using COM, DCOM, Proxies and Stubs, Interface Marshalling, COM Proxy/Stub System, Introduction to VBScript, VBScript in the Script Scenario, Active Server Pages (ASP) Section-VI : PRINCIPAL OF MANAGEMENT UNIT 1 : CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK OF MANAGEMENT : Components of Management , Features of Management , Functions of Management , Planning , Organising , Staffing , Directing , Controlling , Nature of Management , Management as Science , Management as an Art , Levels of Management , Administration and Management , Management as a Profession , Significance of Management from the Point of View of Modern Business Operations UNIT 2 : EVOLUTION AND FOUNDATIONS OF MANAGEMENT THEORIES : The Classical Organisation Theory , Assumptions of the Classical Theory , Two Streams of the Classical Theory , Key Characteristics of the Classical Theory , Principles of Organisations under the Classical Theory , Criticisms of the Classical Theory , Neoclassical Approach or Theory , Appraisal of Neoclassical Theory Contribution , Criticisms , Facts Discovered through Hawthorne Experiments , Systems Approach to an Organisation , Definition and Characteristics of System , Page 35 of 53

Concept of Sub-system in an Organisation , Classification of Sub-systems , Modern Organisation Theory is Fundamental in Nature , The Various Parts of the System , Nature of their Mutual Interdependency , Linking Processes , Goals of a System , Modern Organisational Theory: An Appraisal. UNIT 3 : MANAGEMENT PLANNING PROCESS : Planning Process , Importance of Planning , Steps of Planning , Types of Plans , Nature of Planning , Scope of Planning , Essentials of a Good Plan , Limitations of Planning , Planning Premises , Objectives and its Characteristics , Characteristics of Business Objectives , Multiplicity of Objectives , Advantages of Formal Definition of Objectives , The Process of Setting the Objectives , Environment Factors in Defining Objectives , Policy and its Meaning , Classification of Policies , Formulation of Policies , Procedure Defined , Distinction between Policies and Procedures , Forecasting and its Various Aspects , Nature of Forecasting , Importance of Forecasting , Elements of Forecasting Process , Limitations of Forecasts UNIT 4 : MANAGEMENT BY OBJECTIVES : What is MBO? , MBO Characteristics , Defining Objectives , Tests of a Sound Objective , Action to be taken at Company Level , Action to be taken at Individual Level , Reviewing Performance , Conditions which will Exist when MBO becomes a Way of Running a Business , Benefits of MBO , Reasons: Why MBO Succeeds? , Reasons: Why MBO Fails? DIMENSIONS OF MANAGERIAL EXCELLENCE : The Concept of Excellence , Forms of Excellence , Criteria for Organisational Success , Forms of Organisational Excellence UNIT 5 : ORGANISATION: MEANING, IMPORTANCE, PRINCIPLES AND TYPES : Organisation: Meaning and Definition , Organisation as a Process , Organisation as a Framework of Relationship , Basic Elements/Steps/Features of an Organisation , Nature of an Organisation , Importance of an Organisation , Principles of an Organisation , Formal and Informal Organisation , Formal Organisation , Informal Organisation , Span of Control , Departmentation Meaning , Types of Departmentation , Functionwise Departmentation , Productwise Departmentation , Territorial or Geographical Departmentation , Departmentation by Customers , Departmentation by Process or Equipment , Key Factors in Departmentation TYPES OF AN ORGANISATION : Line Organisation , Line and Staff Organisation , Functional Organisation , Project or Matrix Organisation , Distinction between Organisations , Need for Committee Form of an Organisation , Committee Defined , Types of Committees , Principles of the Committee Organisation , Merits of the Committee Organisation , Demerits of the Committee Organisation , Misuses of the Committee Organisation , Suggestions for Making Committee Organisation more Effective UNIT 6 : UNDERSTANDING ORGANISATION-STRUCTURE AND DESIGNS : Organisation Defined , Consequences of Poor Organisation , AMA's Ten Commandments of Good Organisation , Principles of Objective , Process of Organising , Functions of Organisation , Organisational Design , Division of Labour or Principles of Specialisation , Departmentalization Structures , Matrix Organisation Design , Advantages of Matrix Organisation , Different Forms of Matrix Organisation , Task Force , Factors in Departmentation , Assignments of Activities , Organisation Charts and Titles , Span of Control , Potential Relationships between Manager and Subordinates , Determining the Optimal Span of Control , Lockheed Weighting Scales , Span of Management and Organisational Levels , Tall vs. Flat Organisational Structure , The Scalar Concept , Exception Principle , Types of Organisation Structure , Line Organisation , Functional Organisation , Line and Staff Organisation , Line and Functional Staff Organisation , Committee Organisation , Organisation Line-staff Relationships , Organisational Relations and Lines of Authority , New Organisational Designs

UNIT 7 : TYPES OF AUTHORITY : Sources of Authority , Formal Authority Theory , Acceptance Theory , Competence Theory , Decentralisation of Authority , Distinction between Delegation and Decentralisation , Factors Determining the Extent of Decentralisation , Advantages of Decentralisation , Limitations of

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Decentralisation , The Technique of Decentralisation , Organisation Charts , Principles of an Organisation Chart , Types of the Organisation Charts , Advantages and Limitations of the Organisation Charts DELEGATION OF AUTHORITY : Meaning of Delegation ,2 Formal and Informal Delegation , Characteristics of Delegation , Limitations of Delegation , Process of Delegation , Entrustment of Responsibility , Granting of Authority , Creation of Accountability , Merits of Delegation , Principles of Delegation , Weaknesses of Delegation , Guidelines for Securing Better Delegation , Relationship of Authority and Responsibility , Distinction between Authority and Responsibility , Distinction between Authority and Accountability , Distinction between Authority and Power , Distinction between Responsibility and Delegation , Specific Limits of Authority UNIT 8 : STAFFING : Staffing Defined , Job Analysis , Significance of Job Analysis , Process of Job Analysis , Methods Employed in Job Analysis , Manpower Planning , Basic Elements of Manpower Planning , Data/Factors to be considered in Manpower Planning , Recruitment , Sources of Recruitment , Selection , Transfers and Promotions , Appraisals , Manpower Development , Job Rotation , Training , Rewards and Recognition. MANAGEMENT CONTROL : Control Defined , Nature of Control , Scope or Areas of Control , Process or Elements of Control or Steps in Control , Action to Reinforce the Positive and Correct the Negative Results , Cybernetic and Non-cybernetic Controls , Types of Control , Types of Critical Standards , Requirement of an Effective Control System , Principles of Control , Control Aids/Control Techniques , Other Methods of Control. DIRECTING : Directing Defined , Elements of Direction , Importance of Direction , Nature of Direction Functions of Management , Pervasiveness of Direction , Continuing Function ,Principles of Direction , Principles of Issuing Orders , Types of Direction , Techniques of Direction. CO-ORDINATION : Definition of Co-ordination , Characteristics of a Good Co-ordination , Types of Co-ordination , Need for Co-ordination , Objectives of Coordination , Principles of Co-ordination , Steps to Achieve Co-ordination , Techniques of Co-ordination , Distinction between Co-ordination and Cooperation , Distinction between Vertical and Horizontal Coordination Semester:VI Section-I : Computers Network UNIT 1 : Introduction To Computer NetworksS & Reference Models : Introduction ,Use of Computer Networks, Business Use ,Scientific Use - Computer Enhanced Collaborative Work (CECW) ,Network Hardware , Classification Based on Interconnected Computers by Scale Internet works , Network Software , Layering the Communications Process Interfaces and Services .Introduction, Reference Models Open, Systems Interconnection (OSI) Reference Model, TCP/IP Reference Model, A Comparison of the OSI and TCP/IP Reference Models, Example Networks, Internet, Connection-Oriented Networks. UNIT 2 : The Physical Layer& The Physical Layes-II : Introduction, Theoretical Basic for Data Communication, Transmission Media, Guided Transmission Media, Twisted Pair (Copper Conductors), Coaxial Cable, Optical Fiber. UNIT 3 : Introduction, Wireless Transmission, Radio, Very Low Frequency (VLF) ,Microwave Transmission , Satellite Communication, Infrared Transmission , Public Switched Telephone Network, Digital Channel, Trunk Lines , Cable Television (CATV), Mobile Telephone System,Cellular Radio, GSM Cellular Radio System , Base Transceiver Stations (BTS) and Antennas.

UNIT 4 : The Data Link Layer& The Network Layer : Introduction ,Data Link Layer Design Issues ,Error Detection and Correction ,Elementary Data Link Protocols , Positive Acknowledgement with Retransmission Protocol Page 37 of 53

(PAR), Sliding Window Protocols,Go Back N ,Selective Repeat , Protocol Verification ,Finite State Machine Models, Petri Net Models, Example Data Link Protocols, High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP), Multiple Access Protocols ,Aloha and Slotted Aloha. UNIT 5 : Introduction ,Network Layer Design Issues , Routing Algorithms ,Optimality Principle Congestion Control Algorithms, General Principles of Congestion Control ,Traffic Management, Congestion Prevention Policies, Traffic Shaping,Leaky Bucket, Token Bucket Algorithm ,Quality of Service ,Basic QoS Architecture ,QoS Concepts ,End-to-end QoS Levels ,Integrated Services, Traffic Control Functions,Integrated Service Classes, Reservation Protocol (RSVP), Differentiated Service ,Inbound Admission. UNIT 6 : Internetworking : Introduction Internet work ,Internet, Routing in the Internetwork, Virtual Circuits, Fragmentation ,Network Layer in the Internet, IP Protocol, IP Addresses, Internet Control Protocols. UNIT 7 : Transport Layer : Introduction, Transport Service ,Services Provided to the Upper Layers, Quality of Service, Transport Service Primitives ,Elements of Transport Protocol A Simple Transport Protocol ,The Example Service Primitives ,The Example Transport Entity, The Example as a Finite State Machine, Internet Transmission Protocol, User Datagram Protocol (UDP),Transmission Control Protocol ,Performance Issues. UNIT 8 : OSI Upper Layers : Introduction ,Session Layer - Design Issues, Session Layer Synchronization, Presentation Layer, Presentation Layer - The Design Issues, Presentation Layer Cryptography, Application Layer, Design Issues, Obtaining an Address - Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), Hierarchical Naming, ,Domain Name System (DNS) , Address Resolution Protocol (ARP), Default Gateway , File Transfer Protocol (FTP), Electronic Mail. Section-II : Enterprise Resource Planning Systems

UNIT 1 : Introduction To ERP Enterprise Resource Planning ,Meaning of ERP ,Characteristics of ERP,Components of ERP, Integrated Management Information Seamless Integration,Supply Chain Management, Enabling Technologies. Integrated Data Model Integrated Data Model, Integrating Data, Flexible Structure, The Whole Party,Cross-Referencing the Data from Multiple Applications, Cross-Reference Applications ,Cross-Reference Table, Inconsistent ,Data, System of Record, Data Architecture ,benefits of ERP. UNIT 2 : Business Engineering : Business Proces ,Definition of Business Engineering, Principle of Business Engineering, Business Engineering and ERP, Business Engineering with Information Technology.

UNIT 3 : Business Modeling For ERP : Business Modeling for ERP , Building the Business Model. ERP Implementation An Overview of ERP Implementation, What to Look for in an ERP Package?,Approaches to ERP Implementation, ERP Implementation Life-cycle, Role of Consultant, Vendors and Users, Role of Consultants, Role of Hardware Vendors, Role of Software Vendors, Role of Users, Customization ,Precautions. ERP Implementation Technology ERP Post-implementation Options, ERP Implementation Technology Guidelinesfor ERP Implementation, ERP Audit.

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UNIT 4 : ERP And The Competitive Advantage ERP and the Competitive Advantage, Customer, Competition, Change, ERP Domain, MPGPRO. Industrial And Financial Systems IFS/Avalon, Industrial and Financial Systems, ERP Modules, Manufacturing and Logistics, Sales and Distribution, Financial Systems, Human Resources.

UNIT 5 : Market Dynamics And DynamicStrategy : Baan IV ,Architecture, Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats,SAP, Architecture, Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, Threats ,Market Dynamics and Dynamic Strategy, Brand Strategy, Customer Segmentation, Distribution Channel Strategy, Market Research, Pricing, Sales and Marketing,Value Proposition, Role of ERP in Market Dynamics. UNIT 6: Commercial ERP Package Description Commercial ERP Package Description, Ramco Marshal ,Oracle Applications. Multi-clientServer Solution Client/Server Architecture, Two Tier Model, Three Tier Model,Multi-Client Server Solution, Implementation Options, Connection Manager,Server Implementation Overview, New Connection Monitor, Command Parser, Medium Priority Tasks, open Technology, Open Source ERP, Compiere ERP,Hipergate , Jerpa , Ohioedge CRM Server, SellWin , Open CRX. EnterpriseApplication Integration User Interface, Application Integration , Evolution of EAI. UNIT 7 : Basic Architectural Concepts : Basic Architectural Concepts, Multi-tier Architecture, The Data Tier,The Presentation Logic Tier, The Proxy Tier and the Distributed Logic,The Client Interface, The Business Tier, Data Access Tier. ERP Interface The System Control Interfaces, Services, Presentation Interface, Database Interface. UNIT 8 : CasesOf ERP Case-1 Telecom Sector Case-2 Financial Sector Case-3 Textile Sector Case-4 Electronic Manufacturing Sector Case-5 Manufacturing and Marketing Sector Case-6 The Business Process Controls Section-III : Operations Research UNIT 1 : Introduction to Operations Research & Linear Programming & Linear Programming Simplex Method : Meaning, Significance, Scope, History of Operations Research, Applications of Operations Research, Operations Research Models, Methodology of Operations Research. UNIT 2 : Essentials of Linear Programming Model, Properties of Linear Programming Model, Formulation of Linear Programming Problem, General Linear Programming Model, Maximization and Minimization Models,

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UNIT 3 : Graphical Method, Additional Variables used in Solving LPP ,Maximization Case, Minimization LP Problems, Big M Method, Special Problems in Linear Programming , Infeasibility ,Unbounded Solutions in LPP ,Multiple Solutions in Lpp ,LPP involving Unconstrained Variables , Degeneracy in LP Problems, Duality in LP Problems, Sensitivity Analysis. UNIT 4 : Transportation Problem : Modeling of Transportation Problem, Mathematical Representation ,Network Representation,General Representation of Transportation Model ,Use of Linear Programming to Solve Transportation Problem, Minimising Case, Maximization Transportation Problem ,Balanced Transportation Problem, Unbalanced Transportation Problem, UNIT 5 : Demand Less than Supply ,Demand Greater than Supply ,Initial Feasible Solution, Algorithm for NorthWest Corner Method (NWC),Algorithm for Row and Column Minima Method or Least Cost Method (LCM),Algorithm for Vogels Approximation Method (VAM) ,Degeneracy in Transportation Problems, Optimal Solution, Stepping Stone Method UNIT 6 : Modified Distribution Method (MODI),Procedure for Shifting of Allocations, Prohibited Routes Problem, Transshipment Problem. UNIT 7 : Assignment Problems & Sequencing Problems : Representation of Assignment Model, Mathematical Representation, Network Representation, Use of Linear Programming to Solve Assignment Problem, : Minimizing and Maximizing Cases Types of Assignment Problem , Hungarian Method for Solving Assignment Problem, Optimal Assignment of Crews ,Travelling Salesman Problem, Terminology ,Assumptions UNIT 8 : Types of Sequencing Problems, Processing n Jobs through Two Machines, Processing n Jobs through Three Machines, Processing n Jobs through m Machines, Processing Two Jobs through m Machine. UNIT 9 : Game Theory & Queuing Theory : Terminology, Two-person Zero-sum Game, Pure Strategies: Game with Saddle Point, Mixed Strategies: Games without Saddle Point, Dominance Method, Waiting Line Process, Characteristics of Waiting Line System, Poisson and Exponential Distributions, Symbols and Notations UNIT 10 : Single Server Queuing Model, Model 1: (MM1) : (a / FIFO) , System of Steady-state Equations, Queuing Equations. UNIT 11 : CPM and PERT & Decision Making : CPM/Pert Network Components, Rules in Constructing a Network ,Critical Path Method (CPM), Time Estimates: Earliest Time and Latest Time,. Determination of Float and Slack Times, Project Evaluation Review Technique (Pert) UNIT 12 : Decision Making under Certainty, Decision Tree Analysis, Decision Making under Risk, Decision Making under Uncertainty, Pessimistic Decision Criterion Optimistic Decision Criterion, Savage Opportunity Loss Decision Criterion, Equally likely Decision Criterion, Criterion of Realism (Hurwisz Criterion), Expected Value, EVPI. Section-IV : Organizational Behaviour UNIT 1 : Basic Concepts of Organizational Behaviour & Perception, Attitudes and Values : Introduction , Defining Organizational Behaviour ,Administration and Organisational Behaviour Fundamental Concepts of Organisational Behaviour, Basic Approaches to Organisational Behaviour ,Historical Development of Organizational Behaviour, Hawthorne Experiments Elements of Organisational Behaviour System, : Page 40 of 53

Introduction, Perception Defined ,Attitude Defined, Functions of Attitude ,Value Defined ,Value System, Why Should Managers Know and Understand Values?, Work Values, Individual Behaviour. UNIT 2 : Personality Development ,Personality Theories and Motivation : The Meaning of Personality, Characteristics of Personality, Types of Theories of Personality, Freuds Psychoanalytic theory of Personality , Abraham Maslows Humanistic Theory of Personality, Carl Rogers Phenomenological Theory of Personality , Gordon Allports Trait Theory of Personality ,Erik Eriksons Psychosocial Theory of Personality, ,Henry Murrays Need Theory of Personality, Skinners Behaviouristic Learning Theory of Personality, Albert Banduras social Learning Theory of Personality, George Kellys Cognitive Theory of Personality UNIT 3 : Introduction, Motivation Defined, Nature of Motivation ,Importance of Motivation Maslows Need Priority Model, Theory X and Theory y, Herzbergs two Factor Theory,Comparison Between Herzberg and Maslow Models, Immaturity-Maturity Theory,Vrooms Expectancy Theory, Financial and Non-Financial Incentives, Job Enrichment UNIT 4 : Individual and Organisation , Organisational Conflict & Informal Organisation : Introduction, Concept of Individual-Organisation Conflict, Legitimacy of Organisational Influence, Discipline and Disciplinary action ,Disciplinary action policy or Reinforcement, The Counselling Approach to Disciplinary Action. Introduction ,Meaning of Conflict ,Are Conflicts Always Dysfunctional, Positive or Functional or Constructive Aspects of Conflict, Levels of conflicts ,Managing the Conflicts. UNIT 5 : Introduction, Meaning of Informal Organisation, Characteristics of Informal Organisation, Nature of Informal Organisatio , Advantages of Informal Organisation, Disadvantages of Informal Organisation, Functions of Informal Organisation, Need for Informal Organisation, ,How does Informal Organisation affect Formal Organisation. UNIT 6 : Work Groups : Introduction .Concept of Groups, Characteristics of Groups, How work groups are formed Why work groups are formed , Types of Groups, Distinction between Formal and Informal Groups, Group Dynamics Defined, Behaviour in Groups ,Importance of Group Dynamics, Group Cohesiveness Defined ,Factors Influencing Cohesiveness ,Group Cohesiveness and Productivity UNIT 7 : Introduction, LeadershipMeaning and Definition, Leadership QualitiesTraits of a Leader Leadership is different from managership, Main Functions of Leadership, Importance of Leadership, Different Theories or Approaches of Leadership, Leadership Styles, Understanding Organisation-Structure and designs : Introduction, Organisation Defined, Consequences of Poor Organisation, AMA's Ten Commandments of good Organisation UNIT 8 : Principle of Objective, Process of Organising, Functions of Organisation, Organisational Design, Division of Labour or Principle of Specialisation Departmentalization Structures, Matrix Organisation Design, Task Force, Factors in Departmentation, Assignment of Activities, Organisation Charts and Titles, Span of Control Potential Relationships between Manager and Subordinates, Determining the Optimal Span of Control, Authority Responsibility Concepts, Types of Organisation Structure, New Organisational Designs. Section-V : Software Project Management UNIT I : Product Life Cycle Of Software Project Management : Idea Generation, Product Life Cycle Stage, Introduction Stage, Growth Stage, Maturity Stage, Decline Stage, Prototype Development Phase.

UNIT 2 : Product Life Cycle Models Of Software Project Management : Waterfall Life Cycle Model, Prototype Life Cycle Model, Rapid Application Development Life Cycle Model, Spiral Model.

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UNIT 3 : Metrices Of Software Project Management : Metrices Roadmap, Metrices Strategy, What Should you Measure, Set targets and track Them, Understanding and Trying to minimize variability, Act on Data, people and Organizational Issues in Metrices Programmes, Common Pitfalls To Watch Out for in Metrices Programmes, Metrices Implementation Checklists and Tools.

UNIT 4 : Software Configuration Management : Basic Definition and Terminology, Process and Activities of Software Configuration Audit, Functional Configuration Audit (FCA), Physical Configuration Audit (PCA), UNIT 5 : In-process Software Configuration Management ( SCM) Audits, Software Configuration Management in Geographically Distribute Teams, Support for Geographically Distributed Teams, Software Configuration Management Metrices, Configuration Management Metrices, Software Configuration Management Tools and Automation. UNIT 6 : Software Quality Assurance : Quality important in Software, Quality Assurance And Quality Control, Definition of QA / QC Systems, Elements of a QA / QC System, Cost and Benefits Quality, Software Quality Analysts functions, Some Popular Misconceptions about the SQAs Role, Software Quality Assurance tools, Organizational Structures, profile of Successful SQA, Measures of SQA Success Pitfalls to watch out for in the SQAs Role. UNIT 7 : Risk Management Of SoftwareProject Management : What is Risk Management?, Why is Risk Management Important?, Risk management Cycle, Risk Identification, Risk Quantification, Risk Monitoring \, Risk Mitigation, Practical Techniques in Risk management, Metrices in risk Management. UNIT 8 : Software Requirements Gathering : Inputs and Start Criteria for requirements Gathering, Dimensions of Requirement Gathering to be Followed during Requirements Gathering, Outputs and Quality Records from the Requirement Phase, Quality Records List, Skills Sets Required during the Requirement Phase, Differences for Shrink Wrapped Software, Challenges during the Requirement Management Phase, Metrices for the Requirements Phase. UNIT 9 : EstimationOf Software Project Management : Estimation, Three Phase of estimation, Phase1: Create an Initial Estimate, Phase 2: Track EQF to Understand the Project Estimate, phase 3: Use EQF to manage Project Concerns, Estimation Methodology, Formal Models for Size Estimation, Translation Efforts Estimated into Schedule Estimates, Common Challenges during estimation, Metrices for the Estimation Process. UNIT 10 : Design And Development Phase : Some Difference in our Chosen Approach, Salient Features of Design, Evolving in Architecture / Blueprint, Design For Reusability, Design to Standards, Characteristics of SDD, SDD Deliverable Contents, Design for Portability, User Interface Issues, Design for testability and Diagnosability, Design for Maintainability (DFM), Design for Install ability, Design for interoperability, Challenges during Design and Development Phase, Skills Sets for Design And development, Metrics for Design and Development Phase, Cohesion, Coupling, System Shape, Data Structure Match, Fan-in, Fan-out, Factoring. UNIT 11 : Project Management In The Testing Phase : WHAT IS Testing?, What are Activities That Male up Testing?, Test Scheduling and Types of Tests, People Issuing In Testing, Management Structure for Testing in Global Terms, Metrics for testing Phase. UNIT 12 : Project Management In The Maintenance Phase :Software Maintenance, Activities during the Maintenance Phase, Management Issues during the Maintenance Phase, Keys issues in Software Maintenance, Management Issues, Configuration Management During the maintenance Phase UNIT 13 : Software Configuration management, Management of Maintenance, Skill Set for People in the Maintenance Phase, Estimating Size, Efforts and People Resources for people in the Maintenance Phase, Lehmans Laws, Code Size Maintenance- Cost Estimating Method Page 42 of 53

UNIT 14 : Advantage of using Geographically Distributed Teams for the Maintenance Phase, Metrices for the Maintenance Phase, Fix Backlog and Backlog Management Index, Fix Response Time and Fix Responsiveness, Percent Delinquent Fixes, Fix Quality. UNIT 15 : Globalization Issues In Project Management : Evolution of Globalization, Challenges in Building Global Teams, Models for the Execution of some Effective Management Techniques for managing Global Teams UNIT 16 : Impact Of The Internet On Project Management : Effects of Internet on Project Management, managing Projects for the Internet, Effects on Project Management Activities.

Section-VI : SOFTWARE ENGINEERING UNIT 1 : Software Process and Development Models : Introduction, SDLC Models,What is a Software Process?, Data Flow Diagrams, Petri Net Models, Object Models UNIT 2 : Use Case Diagrams, Scenarios, Sequence Diagrams, Hierarchy Diagrams, State Diagrams,Lattice Models UNIT 3 : Software Project Management : Introduction, Management Approaches, Team Approaches, Critical Practices UNIT 4 :Capability Maturity Model, Personal Software Process, Earned Value Analysis, Error Tracking, Postmortem Reviews UNIT 5 : Software Project Planning : Project Planning, Software Scope, Cost Estimation, PERT - Program Evaluation and Review Technique UNIT 6 : Software Cost Estimation, Software Estimation Risks, Software Metrics, Software measurment Theory UNIT 7 : Risk Analysis and Management : Introduction, Risk Identification UNIT 8 : Risk Exposure, Risk Management Plans SEMESTER VII Section-I : Artificial Intelligence UNIT 1 : Basics Of Artificial Intelligence : History of AI, Artificial Intelligence, Some Short Definitions of AI UNIT 2 : Basic Elements of AI Application Area of AI. UNIT 3 : Concepts Of Artificial Intelligence : Introductory Concepts of AI, Knowledge Representation in Clausal Form UNIT 4 : Decision-making and Learning The Perceptron , Resolution, Inference Mechanism ,Unification. UNIT 5 :AI Language Prolong : AI Programming Languages, Overview of Prolog, Data Structures, Data Types, Programming in Prolog

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UNIT 6 : Evaluation, Loops and Recursion, Operational Considerations UNIT 7 : DCGs and Parsing, Higher-order-programming , Structures , Lists, Predicate in Prolog UNIT 8 : Arithmetic Operators, Disjunctions, Input and Output, The Cut, Prologs Grammar Notation, Recursion. Section-II : Cryptography and Network Security UNIT 1 : NETWORKING : Networking, Benefits of Networks, Different LAN and WAN Connections, Local Area Networks (LANs), Wide Area Networks (WANs), Connecting to Network, Setting the Computer Network, Networking Technologies , Connecting your Network to the Internet, Testing ,Connection. Overview OfNetwork Security Comparison with Computer Security, Attributes of a Secure Network, Security Management for Networks Cryptographic Tools Cryptography ,Hashing, Pretty Good Privacy (PGP), Kerberos, Digital, Certificates, Verifying the Certificate, Digital Signature. UNIT 2 : User Authentication : User Authentication, Authentication vs. Authorization, Authentication in e-co mmerce, Economics of Strong User Authentication, How Simple Keyboard Passwords are Compromised?, Future of User Authentication, Biometric Input Devices. Access Control Access Control Overview, Access Control, Objective , Identificationand Authentication Techniques ,Access Control Techniques, Passwords, Memory Card,Smart Card, Hand-held Password Generators , Biometrics, Encryption, Token, Encrypted Keys, Access Control Methodologies, Discretionary Access Control (DAC), Mandatory Access Control (MAC), Role Based Access Control (RBAC), Access Control Implementation, Security Administration Cost Reductions, Administrative Cost Reductions, Regulatory Compliance, Improved Security, Improved Worker Productivity. Access Control Administration. Access Control Working Process, Access Control Compensations . Intrusion Detection Intrusion Detection System, Types of Intrusion Detection Systems UNIT 3 : Malicious Software : Malicious Software, Worms Trojan Horse, Virus Logic Bombs , Spyware and Phishing , Mobile Code. Denial OfService Denial of Service Attack, Methods of Attack. Types of Denial of Service Attacks Distributed Denial of Service Attack. How to Avoid the Problem. Firewalls And Intrusion PreventionSystems Firewall, VPN, Intrusion Prevention System, Types of Intrusion Prevention System, Challenges, Requirements for Effective Prevention. implementation

UNIT 4 : Security Management And Risk Assessment : Security Management, Security Threats, What is Risk?, Identifying and Assessing Risk, Basic Principles of Risk Assessment, Concept of Risk Matrices . UNIT 5 : Symmetric Encryption And Message Confidentiality : Symmetric (Shared)-key Cryptography, Advantages of Symmetric-key, Cryptography, Disadvantages of Symmetric-key Cryptography. UNIT 6 : Public-Key Encryption And Message Confidentiality : Public-key Cryptography, Advantages of Publickey Cryptography, Disadvantages of Public-key Encryption

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UNIT 7 : InternetSecurity Protocols And Standards : Key Management, Key Management Objectives, Threats and Policy, Classification of Types of Keys, Internet Security Protocols and Standards, Internet Protocol Security, IKE Acceleration, IPSec Performance Issues, Packet Fragmentation, Data Transfers, Other Encryption Issues, NAT Types of Encryption. UNIT 8 : InternetSecurity Applications : Benefits of Internet Security Application, Application Gateway, Antivirus Software, Anti-spyware. Section-III : Multimedia Systems UNIT 1 : Introduction To Multimedia : Building Blocks of Multimedia, Text, Graphics, Sound, Animation, Video, interactivity of Multimedia Applications, Delivery of Multimedia, 1.5 Hypertext and Hypermedia, Hypertext, Hypermedia, Hypertext/media and Our Memory, Linking, Structural Links, Associative Links, Referential Links, Applications of Multimedia, Education and Training, Entertainment, Tool for Business, Video Conferencing and Virtual Reality, Electronic Encyclopaedia, Skills Needed for Multimedia Development. UNIT 2 : Making Multimedia : Multimedia Development Lifecycle, Concept Development, Requirements, Specification, Design, Prototype, Production, Testing and Evaluation, Delivery and Support, Iterative Design Techniques, Prototyping, Exploratory, Programming, Selection of the Production Platform (Macintosh and Windows Production Platforms), Macintosh vs PC, Macintosh Platform, Windows , Multimedia PC Platform, Networking Macintosh and Windows Computers, Basic Software Tools, Types of Basic Tools. UNIT 3 : Making Instant Multimedia : Making and Linking Multimedia Objects, Apple Events, Dynamic Data Exchange (DDE) and Object Linking and Embedding (OLE), Office Suites, MS Office , Word Processors, MS Word, WordPerfect, WordPro, Spreadsheets, Lotus 1-2-3 MS Excel ,Databases, FileMaker Pro, MS Access, MS PowerPoint, Multimedia, Authoring Tools, Authoring Tools versus Programming Tools, Types of Authoring Tools, Cross-Platform Authoring Notes, Choice of the Right Tool for the Job, Multimedia Tool Features. Multimedia Building Blocks (Using Text) Multimedia Building Blocks, Text, Graphic Images, Animation, Sound, Interactive Links, Text in Multimedia, Types of Fonts, Special Font Types,Font Styles, Font Size, Weight of Font, Tracking of Font, Cases of Fonts, More Styles of Fonts, Points to Remember while Choosing the Fonts, Buttons, Setting Fields,Portrait versus Landscape, HTML Documents Symbols and Icons Animating Text, Adobe Type Manager. Multimedia Building Blocks (Using Sound) Sound in Multimedia, Sampling Rate, Sound Capturing and Delivery, Audio Manipulation Techniques, Trimming, Types of Sound/Audio Files, MIDI Files,Digital Sound, Digitisation and File Sizes, Bit Resolution, Compression Method (Codec), Channels, Management of Audio Files in Multimedia Projects, Streaming, Major Audio File Formats, Adding Sound to a Multimedia Project, Process of Adding Sound . UNIT 4 : Multimedia Building Blocks (Using Graphics AndImages) : What is Graphics? Classification of Graphics and Images, Applications of Graphics and Images, Presentation Graphics, Painting and Drawing, Photo Editing, Scientific Visualisation, Image Processing, Education, Training, Entertainment and Computer Aided Design (CAD), Simulations, Animation and Games. Multimedia Building Blocks (Using Animation) Basics of Animation, Traditional and Historical Methods for Production of Animation, Traditional Animation Techniques, Sequencing of Animation Design, Types of Animation Systems, Types of Animations, Computer Animation Tools. MultimediaBuilding Blocks (Using Video) Basics of Video, The Raster, How the Colours Work in a Video?, International Standards, Digital Video, Digital Editing/Non-Linear Editing, Video Codecs,DV Formats, Video Standards.

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UNIT 5 : Multimedia And The Internet : History of the Internet, The Internet, Who Owns the Internet? Size of the Internet, Services on the Internet, How the Internet Works? A Network of Networks, Data Communication, Tools for the Web, How does TCP/IP Work? Worldwide Networking, Enables Communication, Modems, Communication Software UNIT 6 : Designing And Tools For The World Wide Web : Why Multimedia over Internet?, Problems of Multimedia on the Internet, Codecs, Multimedia Requirements, Browser Support, Multimedia Formats, Designing for the World Wide Web, Display and Graphics, Nibbling, HTML and Multimedia, Multimedia Networking UNIT 7 : High Definition Television And Desktop Computing : High Definition Television (HDTV) and Desktop Computing, Resolution for High Definition Television and Desktop Computing, HDTV, ATV, EDTV, and IDTV, HDTV Standards, SMPTE 240M: 1125/60 Production Standard, 1125/60 Studio Equipment, HDTV Exchange Standards, ATV Transmission Standards, HDTV and Computing, Square Pixels, Display Refresh Rate and Interlace. UNIT 8 : Knowledge -Based Multimedia Systems : Problems Facing Multimedia Systems, Anatomy of an Intelligent Multimedia System, Intelligent Multimedia System Design, The Multimedia, Knowledge Sources for Multimedia Interaction, Multimedia Language Understanding,Intelligent Automated Multimedia Output Generation, Knowledge-based Development Tools for Multimedia Systems. Section-IV : Software Testing UNIT 1 : Introduction To Software Testing : Introduction , Purpose of Software Testing, Some Dichotomies, Testing versus Debugging , Function versus Structure , The Designer versus the Tester, Modularity versus Efficiency, Small versus Large, The Builder versus the Buyer, A Model for Testing , The Environment, The Program, Bugs, Tests, Testing Levels, The Role of Models, Playing Pools and Consulting Oracles, Playing Pool, Oracles, Is Complete Testing Possible?. UNIT 2 : The Taxonomy Of Bugs : Introduction, The Consequences of Bugs, The Importance of Bugs, How Bugs Affect Us Consequences, Flexible Severity rather than Absolute, Taxonomy for Bugs, Requirements, Features and Functionality Bugs, Structural Bugs, Data Bugs, Coding Bugs, Interface, Integration and System Bugs, Test and Test Design Bugs 6 Software Testing, Testing and Design Styles, Memory related Bugs, Concurrent Bugs. UNIT 3 : Software Testing Techniques : Introduction, Testing Fundamentals, Objectives of Testing, Benefits of Testing, Testing Principles, Test Case Design, White-box Testing, Black-box Testing, Boundary Value Analysis, Equivalence Class Testing, Decision Table-based Testing, Cause Effect Graphing Technique. UNIT 4 : Flow Graphs And Path Testing : Introduction, Path Testing Basics, Motivation and Assumption, Control Flow-graphs, Notational Evolution, Path Testing, Loops, Variations, Predicates, Path Predicates and Achievable Paths, Predicates, Predicate Expressions, Predicate Coverage, Testing Blindness, Path Sensitizing, Path Instrumentation, Problem, Link Markers, Link Counters, Implementation, Introduction to Software Testing, Instrumentation and Application of Path Testing, Integration, Coverage and Paths in Called Components, New Code, Maintenance, Re-hosting. UNIT 5 : Transaction Flow Testing : Introduction, Transaction Flows, Usage, Implementation, Complications, Transaction-flow Structure, Transaction Flow Testing Techniques, Inspections, Reviews and Walkthroughs, Path Selection, Sensitization, Instrumentation, Test Databases, Execution, Implementation Comments, Transaction-based Systems, Hidden Languages.

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UNIT 6 :Data Flow Testing : Introduction, Data Flow Testing Basics, Data Flow Graphs, Data Flow Model, Data Flow Testing Strategies, Terminologies, Strategies, Slicing, Dicing, Data Flow and Debugging, Applications. Tools and Effectiveness UNIT 7 : SyntaxTesting : Introduction, Why, What and How?, Garbage 8 Software Testing, Casual and Malicious Users, Operators, The Internal World, What to Do?, Applications and Hidden Languages, The Graph we Cover, Overview, A Grammar for Formats, Objectives, BNF Notation (BACK59), : Implementation and Applications, Execution Automation, Design Automation, Productivity, Training and Effectiveness, Ad-Lib Tests, Testability Tips, The Tip, Compiler Overview, Typical Software, Separation of Phases, Prerequisites. UNIT 8 : Logic Based Testing : Introduction, Motivational Overview, Hardware Logic Testing, Specification Systems and Languages, Knowledge based Systems, Overview, Decision Tables, Definitions and Notation, Decision Table Processors, Decision Tables as a Basis for Test Case Design, Expansion of Immaterial Classes, UNIT 9 : Test Case Design, Decision Tables and Structure, Path Expressions, Boolean Algebra, Boolean Equations, KV Charts, The Problem, Introduction to Software Testing, Simple Forms, Three Variables, Four Variables and More, Specifications, Finding and Translating Logic, Ambiguities and Contradictions, Dont-Care and Impossible Terms. UNIT 10 : States, State Graphs And Transition Testing : Introduction, State Graphs, States, Inputs and Transitions, Outputs, State Tables, Time versus Sequence, Software Implementation, State Graphs: Good and Bad, State Bugs, Transition Bugs, Output Errors, Encoding Bugs, State Testing, Impact of Bugs, Principles, Limitations and Extensions, What to Model, Getting the Data. UNIT 11 :Testing Specialized Environments, Architecture And Applications : Introduction, Testing GUIs, GUI Test Strategies, Types of GUI Tests, Improving GUI Testability, Testing of Client-Server Architecture, ClientServer Software, Client-Server Testing Techniques, Testing Aspects, Measures of Completeness 10 Software Testing, Testing Documentation and Help Facilities, Software Reviews, Test Deliverables, Samples of Test Deliverables, Testing of Real-Time Systems. UNIT 12 : Testing Tactics And Debugging : Introduction, Strategic Approach to Testing and Strategic Issues, Verification and Validation, Organizing for Software Testing, Software Testing Strategy, Strategic Issues, Unit Testing, Advantages of Unit Testing, Integration Testing, Top-down Integration, Bottom-up Integration, Regression Testing, Smoke Testing, Documentation for Integration Testing, Validation Testing, Configuration Review, Alpha and Beta Testing, System Testing, Recovery Testing,, Security Testing, Stress Testing, Performance Testing, Debugging, Debugging Techniques, Debugging Approaches. Section-V : Wireless Mobile Communication UNIT 1 : Introduction to Wireless Communication Systems : Evolution of Mobile Radio Communications Mobil Radio Systems around the world examples of Wireless Communication Systems, Paging System, Cordless Telephone System. Cellular Telephone Systems, Comparison of Common Wireless Communications Systems. UNIT 2 : Modern Wireless Communications Systems: GSM architecture, GSM channels Second generation (2G), Cellular Networks, evolution of 2.5G, CDMA ,TDMA Standards, Third Generation (3G) Wireless Networks, Wireless Local Loop (WLL) and LMDS, Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs), Bluetooth and Personal Area Networks (PANS) UNIT 3 : Cellular Mobile Radio Systems :Introduction to Cellular Mobile System, Performance criteria, uniqueness of mobile radio environment, operation of cellular systems, Hexagonal shaped cells, Analog and Digital Cellular systems, Elements Of Cellular Radio System Design : General description of the problem, concept of frequency channels, Co-channel Interference Reduction Factor, desired C/I from a normal case in a Page 47 of 53

omni directional Antenna system, Cell splitting, consideration of the components of Cellular system. UNIT 4 : Interference :Introduction to Co-Channel Interference, real time Co-Channel interference, Co-Channel measurement, design of Antenna system, Antenna parameters and their effects, diversity receiver, non-cochannel interference-different types. UNIT 5 : Cell Coverage For Signal And Traffic : Signal reflections in flat and hilly terrain, effect of human made structures, phase difference between direct and reflected paths, constant standard deviation, straight line path loss slope, general formula for mobile propagation over water and flat open area, near and long distance propagation antenna height gain, form of a point to point model. UNIT 6 : Cell Site And Mobile Antennas : Sum and different patterns and their synthesis, omni directional antennas, directional antennas for interference reduction, space diversity antennas, umbrella pattern antennas, minimum separation of cell site antennas, high gain antennas. UNIT 7 : Frequency Management And Channel Assignment :Numbering and grouping, setup access and paging channels channel assignments to cell sites and mobile units, Channel sharing and borrowing, sectorization, overlaid cells, non fixed channel assignment. UNIT 8 : Handoff, dropped calls and cell splitting, types of handoff, handoff invitation, delaying handoff, forced handoff, Mobile assigned handoff. Intersystem handoff, cell splitting, micro cells, vehicle locating methods, dropped call rates and their evaluation. Section-VI : Microprocessors & Microcontrollers UNIT 1 : 8086/8088 Hardware Specifications : 8086/8088 Microprocessor, History of Internal Organisation of 8086/8088, Pin out and Pin Functions, Clock Generator (8284A) UNIT 2 : Bus Buffering and Latching, Ready and the Wait State, Minimum Evaluation of Intels Microprocessors Mode vs Microprocessor,

Maximum

Mode,

UNIT 3 : Memory Interface : Memory Hierarchy, Address Decoding, 8088/80188 Memory Interface, Memory Interface, 80186 Memory Interface

8086

UNIT 4 : 80286 Memory Interface, 80386 Memory Interface, 80486 Memory Interface, Pentium and Pentium Pro Memory Interface, Dynamic RAM UNIT 5 : Basic I/O Interface : I/O Interface, Port Address Decoding, Programmable Peripheral Interface 8255A, Programmable Keyboard UNIT 6 : Programmable Communication Interface 8251A, Analog-to-Digital Converter ,Digital-to-Analog Converters UNIT 7 : Interrupts : Basic Interrupt Processing, Types of Interrupt, Hardware Interrupt

UNIT 8 : Expanding Interrupt Structure, Programmable Interrupt Controller UNIT 9 : Direct Memory Access ; Basic DMA Operation, DMA Controllers, Functional Description 8237 DMA UNIT 10 : Shared Bus Operations, Disk Memory System, Video Display

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UNIT 11 : Introduction to 80186/80188 Microprocessor : 80186/80188 Microprocessor,Instructions, Functions of Instruction

UNIT 12 : Architecture, Function of each BIT of Control Register UNIT 13 : Introduction to 80286 Microprocessor : 80286 Microprocessor,Real Address Mode,Protected Virtual Address Mode (PVAM), Memory Management, Instruction Set, Pin Function of 80286 UNIT 14 : Introduction to 80386 Microprocessor : 80386 Microprocessor, Special 80386 Registers, Memory Management, Moving to Protected Mode, 80386 Protected Mode, Difference Real and Protected Mode, Virtual Mode, Memory Paging Mechanism 80386 between

UNIT 15 : Introduction to 80486 Microprocessor : 80486 Microprocessor,80486 Performance, Block Diagram of 80486, Pin Descriptions, 80486 Memory System, 80486 Memory Management,Instructions UNIT 16 : Pentium and Pentium Pro Micro-processors : Pentium Microprocessor, Special Registers, Pentium Memory Management, New Pentium Instructions, Pentium Pro Microprocessor, Specification of Pentium Processor, Pentium Pro Features SEMESTER-VIII Section-I : Distributed Systems UNIT 1 : Characterization of Distributed Systems : Introduction, Examples of distributed Systems, Resource sharing and the Web Challenges. UNIT 2: System Models : Architectural models, Fundamental Models. UNIT 3: Theoretical Foundation for Distributed System : Limitation of Distributed system,absence of global clock, shared memory. UNIT 4: Logical clocks, Lampposts & vectors logical clocks, Causal ordering of messages, global state, termination detection. UNIT 5: Distributed Mutual Exclusion :Classification of distributed mutual exclusion, requirement of mutual exclusion theorem, Token based and non token based algorithms, performance metric for distributed mutual exclusion algorithms. UNIT 6 : Distributed Deadlock Detection : System model, resource Vs communication deadlocks, deadlock prevention, avoidance, detection & resolution, centralized dead lock detection, distributed dead lock detection, path pushing algorithms, edge chasing algorithms. UNIT 7: Agreement Protocols : Introduction, System models, classification of Agreement Problem, Byzantine agreement problem, Consensus problem, Interactive consistency Problem, Solution to Byzantine Agreement problem, Application of Agreement problem, Atomic Commit in Distributed Database system. UNIT 8 : Distributed Objects and Remote Invocation : Communication between distributed objects, Remote procedure call, Events and notifications, Java RMI case study. Page 49 of 53 Pentium Core

UNIT 9: Security : Overview of security techniques, Cryptographic algorithms, Digital signatures, Cryptography pragmatics, Case studies: Needham Schroeder, Kerberos, SSL & Millicent. UNIT 10: Distributed File Systems : File service architecture, Sun Network File System, The Andrew File System, Recent advances. UNIT 11 : Transactions and Concurrency Control : Transactions, Nested transactions, Locks,Optimistic Concurrency control, Timestamp ordering, Comparison of methods forconcurrency control. UNIT 12: Distributed Transactions : Flat and nested distributed transactions, Atomic Commit protocols, Concurrency control in distributed transactions, Distributed deadlocks, Transaction recovery. UNIT 13: Replication: System model and group communication, Fault -tolerant services, highly available services, Transactions with replicated data. UNIT 14 : Distributed Algorithms : Introduction to communication protocols, Balanced sliding window protocol, Routing algorithms, Destination based routing, APP problem, UNIT 15: Deadlock free Packet switching, Introduction to Wave & traversal algorithms, Election algorithm. UNIT 16: CORBA Case Study: CORBA RMI, CORBA services. Section-II : Embedded System Design UNIT 1 : Introduction to Embedded System : What is Embedded System?, Design Matrices, UNIT 2: Processor Technology, IC Technology Overview, IC Design Techniques. UNIT 3: Processor Architecture: Overview of Single Purpose Process UNIT 4: Combinational Logic Circuits, Sequential Logic Circuit, RTL-Sequential Components. UNIT 5 : Peripheral Devices and Interfacing : Interfacing with LCD, Interfacing with ADC, Sensors, Interfacing a stepper motor UNIT 6: Interfacing to the keyboard, Interfacing a DAC to the 8051, 8031/53 Interfacing with External ROM, Interfacing with 8255. UNIT 7: Advance Communication Principles, Serial Protocol, Parallel Protocol, Wireless Protocol. UNIT 8 : The 8051 Microcontroller and Programming of 8051 C : Microcontroller and Embedded Processors, Architecture of the 8051,8051 c Assembly Language Programming UNIT 9 : 8051 instruction sets and Programming, 8051 I/O Port Programming, 8051 Addressing modes Programme. UNIT 10 : Arithmetic Programming, Logical Programming, Sequential Circuit Programming, Interrupt Programmes.

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UNIT 11 : Memory Design and Custom IC Technology : Introduction to Memory, Memory White Ability and Storage Performance, Types of Memory, Composing Memory, Memory Hierarchy and cache, Advance RAM, Full custom (VLSI) IC Technology. UNIT 12 : Semi Custom (ASIC) IC Technology, Programming Logic Device (PLD) IC Technology. UNIT 13 : IC Design Techniques : Introduction, Automation, Verification, UNIT 14: Reuse: Intellectual property core, hard, soft and firm cones, Design Process model. UNIT 15 : Applications of Embedded Systems : Design of a CCD camera, Encoding and flow control, Signal conditioning and processing, Auto Drive Metro Train. UNIT 16 : ARM Embedded System Design: Introduction to ARM embedded system, ARM processors fundamentals, ARM assembly code, Introduction DSP on the ARM, Advance DSP and SIMD support in ARMv6

Section-III : Java and Web Programming UNIT 1 : Fundamentals of Object-oriented Programming, Evolution of Java : Introduction, Basic Concepts of Object-oriented Programming. Introduction, History of Java, Features of Java, How Java differs from C and C++?, Java and Internet, Java and world wide web, Web Browsers, Hardware and Software Requirements, Java Support Systems, Java Environment, Java Standard Library. UNIT 2: Java Classes & Interfaces and Packages Introduction, Data Types in Java, Variable Declaration, Type Casting, Vectors, Java Control Statements, What is a Class?, What are Methods?, Method Overloading, Constructor Overloading, Instantiating Objects of a Class, Access Modifiers, Java Applications and Applets. Introduction, Defining Interface, What is a Package?, ClassPath Variable, Accees Protection. UNIT 3 : Managing Errors and Exceptions : Inheritance, Introduction, Inheritance Basics, Member Access and Inheritance, SuperClass Variable and SubClass Object, Using Super to Call SuperClass Constructors, Multilevel Hierarchy, Calling Constructor, Overriding Methods,Abstract Classes Method, Final and Inheritance, Object Class. Introduction, Errors, Fundamentals of Exception Handling, Multiple Catch Clauses, Throw, Throws and Finally. UNIT 4 : Multithreading : Introduction, Overview of Multithreading, What is a Thread?,The Thread Control Methods, Threads Life Cycle, The Main Thread, Newly Created Threads. UNIT 5: Java Applets : Fundamentals of Applets, Life Cycle of Applet, Creating Applets, Adding Applets to HTML Files, Running an Applet, Applet Initialization and Termination, Passing Parameters to Applets, Drawing Image on the Applet. UNIT 6: Java Swings : Introduction, Features of Swings, User Interface Components, Text Fields, Layouts and Layouts Manager, Timer and TimerTask, Exploring Swing. UNIT 7 : Event Handling : Introduction, Two Event Handling Mechanism, Event Classes, Event Listener Interfaces. Java I/O Handling, Input/Output Basics, Streams (Byte and Character), Reading from and Writing to Console, Reading and Writing Files, Printwriter Class, Input Output Classes, File in Java, Directory, File Name Filter Interface, Creating Directory, The Stream Classes, InputStream and Output Stream, Filtered ByteStream, Buffered Byte Stream, PrintStream, Stream Benefits. UNIT 8 : Socket Programming : Basics of Networking, Overview of Socket, Proxy Server, Domain Naming Services, Networking Classes and Interfaces, TCP/IP Sockets, Datagram Packet, Networth. Page 51 of 53

UNIT 9 : Java Database ConnectivitY :Basics of Networking, Introduction, Features of the JDBC API, The JDBCODBC Bridge, JDBC Interface Levels, The DriverManager Class, Java.SQL Package, The Application Laye. Java Servlets Introduction, HTTP Servlets, Servlet Life Cycle, The Servlet API Packages. UNIT 10 : Introduction to HTML : Introduction, Designing a Home Page, History of HTML, HTML Generations, HTML Documents, Anchor Tag, Hyperlinks. UNIT 11 : Head and Body Sections :Introduction, Header Section, Title, Prologue, Links, Colorful Web Page, Comment Lines. UNIT 12 : Designing the Body Section : Introduction, Heading Printing, Aligning the Headings,Horizontal Rule, Paragraph, Tab Setting, Images and Pictures, Embedding PNG Format Images. UNIT 13 : Ordered and Unordered Lists Introduction, Lists, Unordered Lists, Headings in a List, Ordered Lists, Nested Lists. UNIT 14 : Table Handling Tables, Table Creation in HTML, Width of the Table and Cells, Cells Spanning, Multiple Rows/Columns, Coloring Cells, Column Specification. UNIT 15 : DHTML and Style Sheets :Introduction, Defining Styles, Elements of Style, Linking a Style Sheet to an HTML Document, In-line Styles, External Style Sheets, Internal Style Sheets, Multiple Styles. UNIT 16 : Frame & Forms : Frameset Definition, Frame Definition, Nested Framesets. Introduction, Action Attribute, Method Attribute, Enc type Attribute, Drop Down List. Section-III : VLSI DESIGN UNIT 1 : Introduction to integrated circuit technology. UNIT 2 : CMOS fabrication, the p-well process, n-well process, twin tub process. UNIT 3 : Bi-CMOS technology. Basic electrical properties of MOS circuits, Ids-Vds relationship, MOS transistor threshed voltage Vt, UNIT 4 : Trans conductance and output conductance, MOS transistor figure of merit. UNIT 5 : The n-MOS inverter, pull-up to pull-down ratio UNIT 6 : CMOS inverter and its characteristics, latch up in CMOS circuits, stick diagrams, n-MOS design style, CMOS design style, lambda based design rules , UNIT 7: Body effect, sheet resistance, capacitances of layers, Gate delays, UNIT 8: Delay estimation, logical efforts, Scaling models and scaling factors, limitation of scaling, , Limits of miniaturization. UNIT 9 : n-MOS, CMOS NAND Gates, n-MOS, CMOS NOR gates. UNIT 10: Combinational circuit design, sequential circuit design, design considerations, problems associated with VLSI Design, Design Methodology and Tools, Standard Cell

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UNIT 11: Based Design, Design Flows, Automated Layout Generation, Placement, Floor planning, Routing, Parasitic Extraction, Timing Analyses. UNIT 12 : Full Custom Design, Semi Custom Design, Programmable Logic structures, Field Programmable Gate arrays (FPGA) , UNIT 13: Configurable Logic Block (CLB), Application-Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs). UNIT 14 : Design for Testability, Faults types and Models, Controllability and Observability UNIT 15: AD HOC Design Techniques, Scan-Based Techniques , Built-In self Test (BIST) Techniques, Current Monitoring IDDQ Test. UNIT 16: Packaging, Package Parasitic, Heat dissipation, Design Economics, Parametric yield.

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