C.RiedingerAneasywaytolearnmuscles C.

RiedingerAneasywaytolearnmuscles
Musclesofthearm
Anterior Posterior
(musculocutaneousnerve) (radialnerve)
triceps
brachii
anconeus
brachialis
coracobrachialis
biceps
brachii
lateralhead
longhead
medialhead
shorthead
longhead
name meaning bodypart
layer/
location
origin insertion nervesupply bloodsupply function
bicepsbrachii bicepsofthearm arm
anterior,
superficial
longhead:supraglenoid
tubercleofscapula
(throughsleeveof
synovialtissuein
intertubercular/bicipital
grooveofhumerus,
shorthead:coracoid
process,joinslonghead
midwaydownarm
viacommontendoninto
thebicipicaltuberosity
ofradius.Medialside:
viabicipital
aponeurosisintodeep
fasciaofmedialforearm
andsubcutaneous
borderofulna
musculocutaneous brachialartery
supinatorofforearm
whenelbowisflexed,
flexeselbowinfully
supinatedposition.
Shoulder:stabilisesand
minorflexion
brachialis muscleofthearm arm
anterior,
intermediat
e
distalhalfofanterior
humeralshaftand
medialintermuscular
septum
viastrongtendoninto
coronoidprocessof
ulna
musculocutaneous
radialrecurrent
artery
flexorofelbow
coracobrachialis
muscleofthearm
andcoracoidprocess
arm
anterior,
deep
tipofcoracoidprocess
ofscapula(withshort
headofbiceps)
medialaspectmidshaft
ofhumerus
musculocutaneous brachialartery
adductsshoulder(to
holdthingsunderarm),
weakflexorofshoulder
joint
tricepsbrachii
muscleofarmwith
threeheads
arm
posterior,
single
muscle
longhead:infraglenoid
tubercleofscapula,
lateralandmedialhead:
posteriorsurfaceof
humerus,medialhead
inlateralgroove
tendontoolecranon
processofulna
radialnerve
deepbrachial
artery
extendselbow
anconeous
muscleattachedto
elbow
forearm/
arm
posterior,
superficial
posterioraspectof
lateralepicondyleof
humerus
lateralsideofolecranon radialnerve
assistsextensionof
elbow
C.RiedingerAneasywaytolearnmuscles C.RiedingerAneasywaytolearnmuscles
Musclesoftheforearm(anteriorside)
Superficialandintermediatelayer
(allmediannervebutFCUwhichisulnarnerve)
flexorcarpiulnaris(FCU)
flexordigitorumsuperficials(FDS)
ulnar
head
pronatorteres
flexorcarpiradialis(FCR)
brachioradials
(seepost.forearm,
radialnerve)
headofulna:
trochlear
notch
coracoid
processofulna
olecranon
name meaning bodypart
layer/
location
origin insertion nervesupply bloodsupply function
pronatorteres cylindricalpronator forearm
anterior,
superficial
CFOanddistalpartof
thesupradcondylar
ridgeofhumerus,deep:
medialaspectof
coronoidprocessof
ulna
maximumconvexityof
radiusatmidpointof
lateralaspectofbone
(I.e.halfwayalong
forearm,midshaft,
rougheningoflateral
surface)
mediannerve
ulnarandradial
artery
pronatestheforearm,
(alsoflexeselbow)
flexorcarpiradialis
flexorofcarpal
bonesonradialside
forearm
anterior,
superficial
CFO
basesofthe2ndand
3rdmetacarpals
mediannerve ulnarartery
withFCUtoflexwrist,
withradialextensorsto
abductthewrist,
stabiliseswrist
palmarislongus longpalmarmuscle forearm
anterior,
superficial
CFO
palmaraponeurosis,
superficialtendon
adherenttoflexor
retinaculum
mediannerve ulnarartery
tensespalmarfascia
andflexesthewrist
flexorcarpiulnaris
flexorofcarpal
bonesonulnarside
forearm
anterior,
superficial
CFOandmedialmargin
ofolecranonprocessof
ulna
pisiform(=sesamoid
boneinitstendon!)with
extensiontohookof
hamate(pisohamate
ligament)andbaseof
5thmetacarpal
(pisometacarpal
ligament),andaspectof
flexorretinaculum
ulnarnerve ulnarartery
adductsandflexesthe
wrist
flexordigitorum
superficialis
superficialflexorof
fingers
forearm
anterior,
intermediat
e
humeralhead:antaspect
ofmedialepicondyleof
humerusviaCFO,
ulnarhead:coronoid
processofulna,also:
extendedoriginfrom
radius
4tendonsthroughcarpal
tunnelforfingers25.
Tendoninsertsatbaseof
middlephalanx.
Decussationonlateral
andmedialaspectsof
proximalphalangesfor
FDPtendonstopass
through
mediannerve ulnarartery
strongflexorofwrist
andfingers(notdistal
interphalangealjoint),
weakflexorofelbow
(palmarislongusnotdrawn)
MED LAT
name meaning body part
layer /
location
origin insertion nerve supply blood supply function
flexor digitorum
profundus
deep Ilexor oI
Iingers
Iorearm
anterior,
deep
proximal 3/4 oI ulna,
IOM and deep Iascia oI
Iorearm
4 tendons through carpal
tunnel, through FDS
decussation to base of
terminal phalanges
anterior
interosseous
branch oI median
nerve (radial 2
Iingers), ulnar
nerve (ulnar 2
Iingers)
anterior
interosseous artery
flexion of distal
interphalangeal joints,
Ilexion oI proximal
interphalangeal joints,
metacarpocarpophalage
al joints, wrist
flexor pollicis longus long Ilexor oI thumb Iorearm
anterior,
deep
ant surIace oI distal
radius prox to pronator
quadratus
through carpal tunnel to
insert into base oI distal
phalanx of thumb
anterior
interosseous
branch oI median
nerve
anterior
interosseous artery
Ilexor oI thumb
pronator quadratus
quadratic pronator
(pronate bend
Iorwards)
Iorearm
anterior,
deep
ant surIace Irom distal
radius
ant surIace Irom distal
ulna
anterior
interosseous
branch oI median
nerve (terminal
motor branch)
anterior
interosseous artery
pronates Iorearm
C.RiedingerAneasywaytolearnmuscles C.RiedingerAneasywaytolearnmuscles
Musclesoftheforearm(anteriorside2)
Deeplayer
(allmediannervebutFDP,whichis1/2ulnarnerve)
pronatorquadratus
flexordigitorumprofundus(FDP)
flexorpollicis
longus
MED LAT
(allme)
name meaning body part
layer /
location
origin insertion nerve supply blood supply function
extensor carpi radialis
longus
long extensor oI
carpal bones on
radial side
Iorearm
posterior,
superIicial
distal 1/3 oI lateral
supracondylar ridge oI
humerus and CEO
base oI 2nd metacarpal radial nerve radial artery
extensor oI the wrist,
with ECU: neutral
extension, with FCR:
radial deviation
extensor carpi radialis
brevis
long extensor oI
carpal bones on
radial side
Iorearm
posterior,
superIicial
distal 1/3 oI lateral
supracondylar ridge oI
humerus and CEO
base oI 3rd metacarpal
posterior
interosseous
branch oI radial
nerve
radial artery
extensor oI the wrist,
with ECU: neutral
extension, with FCR:
radial deviation
extensor digitorum
communis
extensor oI all
Iingers / common
extensor
Iorearm
posterior,
superIicial
CEO
4 tendons deep to ER
into distal phalanges +
joint, decussation Irom
proximal to middle
phalanx
posterior
interosseous
branch oI radial
nerve
posterior
interosseous artery
main extensor oI Iinger
joints, also contributes
to wrist extension
extensor digiti minimi
extensor oI little
Iinger
Iorearm
posterior,
superIicial
CEO
medial aspect oI dorsal
expansion oI little Iinger
(Irom prox phalanx
onwards)
posterior
interosseous
branch oI radial
nerve
posterior
interosseous artery
extends joints oI little
Iinger
extensor carpi ulnaris
extensor oI carpal
bones at radial side
Iorearm
posterior,
superIicial
CEO, subcutaneous
border oI ulna
base oI 5th metacarpal
posterior
interosseous
branch oI radial
nerve
ulnar artery
extends (with ECR) or
adducts (with FCR)
hand at wrist
brachioradialis
muscle between arm
and radius
Iorearm
anterior,
posterior,
superIicial
upper 2/3 oI lateral
supracondylar ridge oI
humerus
radial styloid process radial nerve
radial recurrent
artery
Ilexes elbow in position
midway between
pronation and
supination
C.RiedingerAneasywaytolearnmuscles C.RiedingerAneasywaytolearnmuscles
Musclesoftheforearm(posteriorside)
Superficiallayer
brachioradialis
MED LAT MED LAT
extensorcarpiradialis
longus(ECRl)
extensorcarpiradialis
brevis(ECRb)
(radialnerve)
(Allpost.interosseousbranchofradialnerve,exceptbrachioradialiswhichisradialnerveproper.)
Extensorcarpi
ulnaris(ECU)
Extensordigiti
minimi(EDM)
Extensordigitorum
communis(EDC)
name meaning body part
layer /
location
origin insertion nerve supply blood supply function
supinator supinates Iorearm
posterior,
deep
supinator crest oI ulna
area distal to radial
notch, post aspect oI
lateral epicondyle oI
humerus, lateral and
anular ligaments oI
elbow
lateral aspect oI
proximal shaIt oI radius
posterior
interosseous
branch oI radial
nerve
radial recurrent
artery
supinates the pronated
radius, strongest in
extended elbow, when
Ilexes less strong than
biceps brachii
abductor pollicis
longus
long abductor oI
thumb
Iorearm
posterior,
deep
proximal part oI dorsum
oI ulna, IOM and
dorsum oI mid-portion
oI radius
lateral aspect oI base of
thumb metacarpal
posterior
interosseous
branch oI radial
nerve
posterior
interosseous artery
abducts and extends
thumb metacarpal,
abducts the hand at
wrist when crossed
extensor pollicis longus
long extensor oI
thumb
Iorearm
posterior,
deep
dorsum oI ulna, IOM,
distal to APL
long dendon that winds
around Lister's tubercle
oI radius to reach
terminal phalanx of
thumb
posterior
interosseous
branch oI radial
nerve
posterior
interosseous artery
extends metacarpo-
phalangeal joint and
interphalangeal joint oI
thumb, weak extensor
oI crossed wrist
extensor pollicis brevis extensor oI thumb Iorearm
posterior,
deep
(near EPL) dorsum oI
ulna, IOM
base pI proximal
phalanx oI thumb
posterior
interosseous
branch oI radial
nerve
posterior
interosseous artery
extends
carpometacarpal joint
extensor indicis
extensor oI index
Iinger
Iorearm
posterior,
deep
posterior distal aspect oI
ulna, IOM
crosses EDC to insert
into ulnar (medial) side
oI proximal phalanx of
index finger (dorsal
expansion)
posterior
interosseous
branch oI radial
nerve
posterior
interosseous artery
extends index Iinger
Irom
metacarpophalangeal
joint
(allme)
C.RiedingerAneasywaytolearnmuscles C.RiedingerAneasywaytolearnmuscles
Musclesoftheforearm(posteriorside2)
Deeplayer
supinator
MED LAT
abductorpollicislongus
extensorindicis
(Allpost.interosseousbranchofradialnerve)
extensorpollicis
longus
extensorpollicisbrevis
name meaning body part
layer /
location
origin insertion nerve supply blood supply function
palmaris brevis short palmar muscle hand
palm,
superIicial
transverse carpal
ligament and palmar
aponeurosis
skin o ulnar border oI
palm oI hand
superIicial branch
oI ulnar nerve
pulls on skin over
hypothenar eminence,
deepening the cup oI
the palm and so
improving grip
4 lumbricals
worm-shaped
muscle
hand
palm,
deep
tendons oI Ilexor
digitorum proIundus
tendon passes around the
radial side to insert into
dorsal expansion
median nerve
(1st and second)
deep motor branch
oI ulnar nerve
(3rd and 4th)
superIicial palmar
arch, common
palmar digital
arteries, deep
palmar arch, dorsal
digital artery
Ilex
metacarpophalangeal
joints and extend
interphalangeal joints
4 palmar interosseis
muscle between
bones
hand
palm,
deep
shafts of metacarpals
(medial with respect to
middle Iinger)
proximal phalanges
ulnar nerve (deep
motor branch)
adduction
4 dorsal interosseis
muscle between
bones
hand
palm,
deep
shaIts oI two
metacarpals
proximal phalanges
(medial with respect to
middle Iinger)
ulnar nerve (deep
motor branch)
dorsal metacarpal
artery and palmar
metacarpal artery
abduction
(allme)
C.RiedingerAneasywaytolearnmuscles C.RiedingerAneasywaytolearnmuscles
Musclesofthehand(palmar/anteriorside)
dorsalexpansion:
dorsalinterossei(DAB=abduct,bipennate)
FDPtendon
lumbricals(ulnaronenearlyalwaysmultipennate,
othersunipennate,dependsonwhichnervesuppliesthem!
palmarinterossei(PAD=adduct,unipennate)
EDC
(allme)
C.RiedingerAneasywaytolearnmuscles C.RiedingerAneasywaytolearnmuscles
Musclesofthehand(palmar/anteriorside,eminences)
ThenareminenceHypothenareminence:
(doesnotneedadductorsinceithasinterossei)
Abductorpollicisbrevis(alwaysmedian)
name meaning bodypart
layer/
location
origin insertion nervesupply bloodsupply function
adductorpollicis adductorofthumb hand
thenar
eminence,
deep
transverse:anteriorbody
of3rdmetacarpal,
oblique:basesof2nd
and3rdmetacarpals
andadjacenttrapezoid
andcapitatebones
medialsideofthebase
oftheproximalphalanx
ofthumb
ulnarnerve(deep
motorbranch)
depppalmararch adductsthumb
abductorpollicis
brevis
abductorofthumb hand
thenar
eminence,
lateral
transversecarpal
ligament,scaphoidand
trapezium
radialbaseofproximal
phalanxofthumband
thumbextensors
mediannerve
superficialpalmar
arch
abductsthumb
flexorpollicisbrevis shortthumbflexor hand
thenar
eminence,
medial
trapezoid,flexor
retinaculum
thumb,proximal
phalanx
mediannerve
superficialpalmar
arch
flexesthumb
opponenspollicis
opposingmuscleof
thumb
hand
thenar
eminence,
deep
trapeziumand
transversecarpal
ligament
metacarpalboneof
thumbonitsradialside
mediannerve
superficialpalmar
arch
movesthumbagainst
littlefinger
abductordigitiminimi
abductoroflittle
finger
hand
hypo
thenar
eminence,
superficial
pisiform
baseofproximal
phalanxoflittlefinger
ulnarnerve(deep
motorbranch)
ulnarartery abductslittlefinger
flexordigitiminimi
(brevis)
flexoroflittlefinger hand
hypo
thenar
eminence
hamatebone
ulnarsideofbaseof
proximalphalanxof
littlefinger
ulnarnerve(deep
motorbranch)
ulnarartery flexeslittlefinger
opponensdigitiminimi
opposingmuscleof
littlefinger(places
againststhelse)
hand
hypothenar
eminence
hookofhamateand
flexorretinaculum
medialborderof5th
metacarpal
ulnarnerve(deep
motorbranch)
ulnarartery
moveslittlefinger
againstthumb
Opponensdigitiminimi Opponenspollicis
Flexorpollicisbrevis
Adductorpollicis
Abductordigitiminimi
Flexordigitiminimibrevis
(wholemuscles
visibleonhand:)