VLSM Workbook Student Edition V2 0

01.
0
1010100 10001111100 1011100101011100 101100011101001 1011110100011010 0000101001
0110010 1001010101100111 1111010101000101 1101001101010011 001010010101010 10101
01000110010 010101001011000 110101100011010 11010100001011 001010100110 10010100
10
10.250.1.0
172.16.1.0
VLSM
Version 2.0 Version 1.0
Variable-Length Subnet Mask
Workbook
192.168.10.0 192.168.10.96
Student Name:
192.168.10.126
172.31.15.0
IP Address Classes
Class A Class B Class C Class D Class E 1
127 128
191 192
223 224
239 240
is reserved for loopback and internal testing) 00000000.00000000.00000000.00000
000 Leading bit pattern 0 Network . Host . Host . Host Leading bit pattern Leadi
ng bit pattern 10 110
10000000.00000000.00000000.00000000
Network . Network . Host . Host
11000000.00000000.00000000.00000000
Network . Network . Network . Host
(Reserved for multicast) (Reserved for experimental, used for research)
Private Address Space
Class A Class B Class C 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 172.16.0.0 to 172.31.255.255
192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255
Default Subnet Masks
Class A Class B Class C 255.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 255.255.255.0
This workbook assumes you already have a background in subnetting. If you don t you
may want to consider completing the IP Addressing and Subnetting Workbook.
Produced by: Robb Jones jonesr@careertech.net and/or Robert.Jones@fcps.org Frede
rick County Career & Technology Center Cisco Networking Academy Frederick County
Public Schools Frederick, Maryland, USA Special Thanks to Melvin Baker and Jim
Dorsch for taking the time to check this workbook for errors.
Workbooks included in the series: IP Addressing and Subnetting Workbooks ACLs Access Lists Workbooks VLSM Variable-Length Subnet Mask IWorkbooks Inside Cover
Classful vs. Classless Subnetting

When you re subnetting an IP address for a network you have two options: classful an
d classless. Classful subnetting is the simplest method. It tends to be the most
wasteful because it uses more addresses than are necessary. In classful subnett
ing you use the same subnet mask for each subnet, and all the subnets have the s
ame number of addresses in them. Classless addressing allows you to use differen
t subnet masks and create subnets tailored to the number of users in each group.
This technique is referred to as VLSM, Variable Length Subnet Masks.
What is VLSM
Variable Length Subnet Masks allow you a much tighter control over your addressi
ng scheme. If you use a class C address with a default subnet mask you end up wi
th one subnet containing 256 addresses. By using VLSM you can adjust the number
of subnets and number of addresses depending on the specific needs of your netwo
rk. The same rules apply to a class A or B addresses. VLSM is supported by the f
ollowing protocols: RIP version 2, OSPF, EIGRP, Dual IS-IS, and BGP. You need to
configure your router for Variable Length Subnet Masks by setting up one of the
se protocols. Then configure the subnet masks of the various interfaces in the I
P address interface subcommand.
Benefits of VLSM
Allows efficient use of address space Allows the use of multiple subnet mask len
gths Breaks up an address block into smaller custom blocks Allows for route summ
arization Provides more flexibility in network design Supports hierarchical ente
rprise networks
This workbook explores three different methods to figure out sub-subnets: the bo
x method, the circle method, and a VLSM chart.
1
Classful Subnetting Example

When you re subnetting an IP address for a network you have two options: classful an
d classless. Classful subnetting is the simplest method. It also tends to be the
most wasteful because it uses more addresses than are necessary. In classful su
bnetting you use the same subnet mask for each subnet, and all the subnets have
the same number of addresses in them. In this example you need five subnets, eac
h one containing 30 hosts. The serial connections only require two address each
so you are wasting 28 usable addresses in each of the serial subnet ranges.
IP Address: 192.168.1.0
Marketing 25 Hosts Records 12 Hosts
Research 30 Hosts
Classful Subnet Ranges
192.168.1.0 192.168.1.32 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.96 192.168.1.128 192.168.1.160 1
92.168.1.192 192.168.1.224 to to to to to to to to 192.168.1.31 192.168.1.63 192
.168.1.95 192.168.1.127 192.168.1.159 192.168.1.191 192.168.1.223 192.168.1.255
/27 /27 /27 /27 /27 /27 /27 /27
The Box Method for visualizing subnets
0 32 128 160
31 64 96
63 192
159 224
191
/27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts 8 Subnets
2
95
127
223
255
Classless Subnetting Example

Classless addressing allows you to use different subnet masks and create subnets
tailored to the number of users in each subnetwork. There are fewer wasted IP a
ddresses using smaller subnets. In this example you need at total of five subnet
s, two containing 30 hosts, one containing 12 hosts, and two serial connections
that only require two usable addresses each.
IP Address: 192.168.1.0
Marketing 25 Hosts Records 12 Hosts
Research 30 Hosts
By adjusting the subnet masks you can cut your address usage by almost half in t
his example. This type of subnetting requires a network protocol which will supp
ort it such as: RIP version 2, EIGRP, OSPF, or BGP.
The Box Method for visualizing subnets Classless Subnet Ranges
192.168.1.0 192.168.1.32 192.168.1.64 192.168.1.80 192.168.1.84 192.168.1.88 192
.168.1.96 192.168.1.128 to to to to to to to to 192.168.1.31 192.168.1.63 192.16
8.1.79 192.168.1.82 192.168.1.87 192.168.1.95 192.168.1.127 192.168.1.255 /27 /2
7 /28 /30 /30 /29 /27 /25 0 32 128
31 64 79
80 83 184 87 95 88
63 96
127
255 3
Visualizing Subnets Using The Box Method

The box method is a simple way to visualize the breakdown of subnets and address
es into smaller sizes. By shading or coloring in the boxes you can easily break
up your subnets without overlapping your addresses. You adjust each subnet to th
e correct size needed. Start with a square. The whole square is a single subnet
comprised of 256 addresses.
/24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 1 Subnet
Split the box in half and you get two subnets with 128 addresses.
/25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts 2 Subnets
Divide the box into quarters and you get four subnets with 64 addresses.
/26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts 4 Subnets
4
Split each individual square and you get eight subnets with 32 addresses.
/27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts 8 Subnets
Split the boxes in half again and you get sixteen subnets with sixteen addresses
.
/28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts 16 Subnets
The next split gives you thirty two subnets with eight addresses.
/29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 32 Subnets
The last split gives sixty four subnets with four addresses each.
/30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 64 Subnets
5
VLSM Addressing
Box Method (Sample)
Problem 1
Using the network diagram and information given create an addressing scheme whic
h utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and CIDR in the
boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This business will
be using the class C address 220.10.10.0. Remember to start with your largest g
roups first.
Marketing Department 60 Hosts
LAN Address:
Research Department 28 Hosts
LAN Address:
220.10.10.0/26
220.10.10.64/27
Color in the squares used with different shades to highlight each subnet.
0 128
63 64 96
95 6
127
255
VLSM Addressing
Box Method (Sample)
Problem 2
boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This company will
roups first.
Washington D.C. 120 Hosts
WAN Address #1: LAN Address:
192.168.16.0/25
192.168.16.224/30
WAN Address #2:
192.168.16.228/30
Baltimore 60 Hosts
LAN Address:
Frederick 20 Hosts
LAN Address:
192.168.16.128/26
192.168.16.192/27
0 128
191 192
224 227 228 231 239 232
240 127 223 255 7
VLSM Addressing
Box Method
Problem 3
be using the class C address 190.10.10.0. Remember to start with your largest gr
oups first.
Dallas 60 Hosts
LAN Address:
WAN Address #1:
Ft. Worth 25 Hosts
LAN Address:
0 128
63 64
96 99 100 103 112 111 104
95 8
127
255
VLSM Addressing
Box Method
Problem 4
roups first.
Corpus Christi 25 Hosts
WAN Address #1: WAN Address #2: LAN Address:
Houston 120 Hosts
LAN Address:
Waco 50 Hosts
LAN Address:
Color in the squares used
0 3 4 7 16 19 20 23 64 67
24 27 52 55 104 12 15 48
0 168 131 139 163 171 132
9 187 148 156 180 188 151
with different shades to highlight each subnet.

68 71 80 83 84 87 92 88 91 76 79 72 75 100 28 31 96 99
51 60 63 8 11 36 39 56 59 32 35 44 47 40 43 128 136 16
140 164 172 135 143 167 175 144 152 176 184 147 155 17
192 159 200 183 224 191 232
107 195 203 227 235 108 196 204 228 236
103 111 199 207 231 239 112 120 208 216 240 248
115 123 211 219 243 251 116 124 212 220 244 252 95 119 127 215 223 247 255
9
VLSM Addressing
Box Method
Problem 5
roups first.
WAN Address #1:
New York 115 Hosts
LAN Address:
LAN Address:
WAN Address #2:
San Jose
LAN Address:
12 Hosts 48 Hosts
Fargo 23 Hosts
LAN Address:
Color in the squares used
0 3 4 7 16 19 20 23 64 67
24 27 52 55 104 12 15 48
0 168 131 139 163 171 132
9 187 148 156 180 188 151
with different shades to highlight each subnet.

68 71 80 83 84 87 92 88 91 76 79 72 75 100 28 31 96 99
51 60 63 8 11 36 39 56 59 32 35 44 47 40 43 128 136 16
140 164 172 135 143 167 175 144 152 176 184 147 155 17
192 159 200 183 224 191 232
107 195 203 227 235 108 196 204 228 236
103 111 199 207 231 239 112 120 208 216 240 248
115 123 211 219 243 251 116 124 212 220 244 252 95 119 127 215 223 247 255
10
VLSM Addressing
Box Method
Problem 6
roups first.
WAN Address #1: WAN Address #2:
Boston
Toyko
London
LAN Address:
6 Hosts
LAN Address:
24 Hosts
37 Hosts
LAN Address:
LAN Address:
12 Hosts
Draw the necessary lines and color in the used squares with different shades to
highlight each subnet.
0 32 128 160
31 64 96
63 192
159 224
191
95
127
223
255 11
VLSM Addressing
Box Method
Problem 7
h utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and subnet mask
in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This compan
y will be using the class C address 200.150.70.0. Remember to start with your la
rgest groups first.
Serial Address:
Boston 2 25 Hosts
LAN Address: LAN Address:
Boston 1
6 Hosts
LAN Address:
14 Hosts
LAN Address:
12 Hosts
0
128
63 64 192
191
127
12
255
VLSM Addressing
Box Method
Problem 8
h utilizes variable-length subnet masks. Show the subnet address and subnet mask
in the boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the box. This compan
y will be using the class C address 192.168.24.0. Remember to start with your la
rgest groups first.
LAN Address: WAN Address #2:
WAN Address #1:
34 Hosts New York London
Paris
LAN Address:
95 Hosts 18 Hosts
LAN Address:
12 Hosts
LAN Address:
0
255
13
Visualizing Subnets Using The Circle Method

The circle method is another method used to visualize the breakdown of subnets a
nd addresses into smaller sizes. By shading or coloring in the different section
s of the circle you can easily break up your subnets without overlapping your ad
dresses. You adjust each subnet to the correct size needed. Start with a circle.
The whole circle is a single subnet comprised of 256 addresses.
/24 255.255.255.0 256 Hosts 1 Subnet
Split the circle in half and you get two subnets with 128 addresses.
.255 .0
/25 255.255.255.128 128 Hosts 2 Subnets
Divide the circle into quarters and you get four subnets with 64 addresses.
.128 .127
.255 .0
/26 255.255.255.192 64 Hosts 4 Subnets
14
.192 .191
.63 .64
.128 .127
Split each quarter and you get eight subnets with 32 addresses.
.255 .0 .224 .223 .31 .32
/27 255.255.255.224 32 Hosts 8 Subnets
Split the boxes in half again and you get sixteen subnets with sixteen addresses
.
.192 .191
.63 .64
.160 .159 .128 .127
.240 .255 .0 .15
.95 .96
.239 .224 .223 .208 .207
.16 .31 .32 .47 .48 .63 .64 .79 .80
/28 255.255.255.240 16 Hosts 16 Subnets
The next split gives you thirty two subnets with eight addresses.
.192 .191 .176 .175 .160 .159 .144 .143 .128 .127 .112 .111 .95 .96
31 - .2 9 24 .2 .23 2.23 - .247 .240 .248 - .255
.0 - .7
.16 - .2 3 .24 - .3 1
.8 - .1 5
9 .3 2.3 7 - .4 .40
7 22 - . 31 2 24 .2 8 - . 35 2 .2 2 - .2 9 .23 - .23 6 3 .23 - .24 .240 .247 .24
4
3 16 -. 67 60 .1 4 - .1 1 7 .16 -1 8. .16 175 2. .17 9 - .17 .176 .183 .180 .184
- .187
.188 - .191
/30 255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 64 Subnets
.0 - .3 .4 - .7 .8 - .1 1 .12 - .15 .16 .20 .19 .24 - .23 .2 - .27 8.3 1
.192 - .195 .19 6 - .199 .200 .203 .204 - .20 7 .20 .21 8 - .21 1 2.21 .2 1 5 .2
6 - .2 20 19 -. 22 3
The last split gives sixty four subnets with four addresses each.
.252 - .255
51 .248 - .2
7 .16 0.16 175 8. .16 - .183 .176 .184 - .191
/29 255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 32 Subnets
.200 .207 .20 8.21 .21 5 6.22 3

.192 - .199
.55 .48 .56 - .63
.64 - .71
.72 .79
.8 8.80 .9 5
.87
.128 - .135 .136 .143 .14 4.15 .15 1 2.15 9
03 - .1 .96 - .111 4 .10 9 - .11 .112 .120 - .127
5 .3 239 .3 -. 36 3 . - .4 .40 .47 .44 .51 .48 5 .52 - .5 .56 - .59 .60 - .63
.64 - .67 .68 - .71 .72 - .7 5 .76 .79 .80 - .8 3 .84 - .8 .88 7 -. .9 2 - 91 .9
5
.128 - .131 .132 - .13 5 .136 .139 .140 - .14 3 .14 4.1 48 .147 - .1 . 15 51 .1
2 - . 56 15 5 -. 15 9
9 .9 3 6.9 .10 007 .10 4 - .1 1 .10 8 - .11 .10 5 - .11 .112 - .119 .116 3 .120
- .12 .124 - .127
15
VLSM Addressing
Circle Method (Sample)
Problem 9
circle below, color or shade the sub-subnets used. This business will be using
the class C address 220.10.10.0. Remember to start with your largest groups firs
t.
LAN Address:
LAN Address:
220.10.10.0/26
220.10.10.64/27
Color in the necessary circle sections used with different shades to highlight e
ach subnet.
.255 .0
.63 .64
.95 .96 .128 .127
16
VLSM Addressing
Circle Method (Sample)
Problem 10
circle below, color or shade the sub-subnets used. This company will be using t
he class C address 192.168.16.0. Remember to start with your largest groups firs
t.
LAN Address:
WAN Address #1:
192.168.16.0/25
192.168.16.224/30
WAN Address #2:
192.168.16.228/30
Baltimore 60 Hosts
LAN Address:
Frederick 20 Hosts
LAN Address:
192.168.16.128/26
192.168.16.192/27
ach subnet.
2.23
27 .2 1 4 - - .23 2 .2 28 39 .2
.240
.255
.0
.223
.192 .191
.2
.128 .127
17
VLSM Addressing
Circle Method
Problem 11
circle below, color or shade the sub-subnets used. This business will be using
the class C address 200.20.20.0. Remember to start with your largest groups firs
t.
LAN Address:
LAN Address:
Department 25 Hosts
LAN Address:
ach subnet.
.255 .0 .224 .223
.192 .191
.128 .127
18
VLSM Addressing
Circle Method
Problem 12
he class C address 199.55.70.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first
.
12 Hosts Boston New York
LAN Address:
115 Hosts 21 Hosts
LAN Address:
8 Hosts
LAN Address:
ach subnet.
27 .2 4 - 231 22 8 - . 35 . 2 2 .2 32 - . 39 .2 6 - .2 3 3 .2 - .24 .240 .247 4.
24 51 .248 - .2 .252 - .255
.0 - .3 .4 - .7 .8 - .1 1 .12 - .15 .16 .20 - .19 .2 - .23 .2 4 - .2 87 .3 1
35 - . 39 2 .3 6 - . 3 .3 0 - .4 .4 7 - .4 .44 1 8 - .5 .4 5 .52 - .5 .56 - .59
63 - .1 67 60 .1 .1 4 - 71 .16 8. - 1 5 .16 2. - 17 9 .17 - .17 .176 .183 .180 .
184 - .187 .188 - .191 .192 - .195 .196 - .199 .200 .203 .204 .20 - .207 .21 8 .2 .21 2 - .2 11 15 .2 6 2 0 - .219 .2 23
.60 - .63 .64 - .67 .68 - .71 .72 - .7 .76 - 5 .79 .80 .84 - .83 .8 - .87 .9 8 .9 21 .9 5
.128 - .131 .132 - .135 .136 .139 .140 - .14 .1 3 4 .1 4 - .1 .1 48 - . 47 1 .1
5 56 2 - .1 51 - .1 55 59
9 .9 6- 3 .9 .10 0 - 107 .10 04 - . 111 .1 08 - . 5 .1 - .11 .112 .119 .116 23 .
120 - .1 .124 - .127
19
VLSM Addressing
Circle Method
Problem 13
he class C address 200.150.70.0. Remember to start with your largest groups firs
t.
Serial Address:
New Delhi 12Hosts 35 Hosts
LAN Address: LAN Address: LAN Address:
Mumbai
22 Hosts
LAN Address:
7 Hosts
LAN Address:
5 Hosts
ach subnet.
7 22 - . 31 24 - .2 5 .2 28 23 .2 32 - . 39 .2 6 - .2 .23 - .243 .240 .247 .244
51 .248 - .2 .252 - .255
20
.0 - .3 .4 - .7 .8 - .1 1 .12 - .15 .16 - .1 .20 9 .2 - .23 .2 4 - .2 87 .3 1
35 - . 39 2 .3 6 - . 3 .3 0 - .4 .4 7 - .4 .44 1 8 - .5 .4 5 .52 - .5 .56 - .59
63 - .1 67 60 .1 .1 4 - 71 .16 8. - 1 5 .16 2. - 17 9 .17 - .17 .176 .183 .180 .
184 - .187 .188 - .191 .192 - .195 .196 - .199 .200 .203 .204 .20 - .207 .21 8 .2 .21 2 - .2 11 15 .2 6 2 0 - .219 .2 23
.60 - .63 .64 - .67 .68 - .71 .72 - .7 .76 - 5 .79 .80 .84 - .83 .8 - .87 .9 8 .9 21 .9 5
.128 - .131 .132 - .135 .136 .139 .140 - .14 . 3 14 .1 4 - .1 .1 48 - . 47 1 .1
5 56 2 - .1 51 - .1 55 59
9 .9 6- 3 .9 .10 0 - 107 .10 04 - . 111 .1 08 - . 5 .1 - .11 .112 .119 .116 23 .
120 - .1 .124 - .127
VLSM Addressing
Circle Method
Problem 14
he class C address 210.10.10.0. Remember to start with your largest groups first
.
WAN Address #1:
Beijing 27 Hosts Shanghai
Hong Kong
95 Hosts 18 Hosts
12 Hosts
18 Hosts
LAN Address:
Draw the necessary lines and color in the used circle sections with different sh
ades to highlight each subnet.
.255 .0 .224 .223 .31 .32
.192 .191
.63 .64
.160 .159 .128 .127
.95 .96
21
VLSM Addressing
Circle Method
Problem 15
boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the circle. This company wi
ll be using the class C address 192.168.150.0. Remember to start with your large
st groups first.
WAN Address #1:
Vienna 15 Hosts
LAN Address:
LAN Address:
WAN Address #2:
Prague 12 Hosts Frankfurt 30 Hosts
LAN Address:
Venice 23 Hosts
.255 .0
48 Hosts
48 Hosts
LAN Address:
.192 .191
.63 .64
.128 .127
22
VLSM Addressing
Circle Method
Problem 16
boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the circle. This company wi
ll be using the class C address 195.75.23.0. Remember to start with your largest
groups first.
San Juan
Guatemala City
Kingston
LAN Address:
6 Hosts
WAN Address #3
24 Hosts
LAN Address:
37 Hosts
San Jose
12 Hosts
.255 .0
13 Hosts 12 Hosts
LAN Address:
.128 .127
23
Visualizing Subnets Using a VLSM Chart

The VLSM chart is the third method used to visualize the breakdown of subnets an
d addresses into smaller sizes. By shading or coloring in the boxes you can easi
ly break up your subnets without overlapping your addresses. You can adjust each
sub-subnet to the correct size needed.
VLSM Addressing
VLSM Chart Method (Sample)
Problem 17
boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This business wi
ll be using the class C address 220.10.10.0. Remember to start with your largest
groups first.
LAN Address:
LAN Address:
220.10.10.0/26
220.10.10.64/27
24
Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits

/24
255.255.255.0 256 Hosts
(4th octet)
/28 /29
255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 0-7 0-15 8-15
/25
255.255.255.128 128 Hosts
/26
255.255.255.192 64 Hosts
/27
255.255.255.224 32 Hosts
/30
255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 4
0-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9295 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135
136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175
176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215
216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255
255.255.255.240 16 Hosts
0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 0-127 64-79 72-7
9 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 112-119 112-127 12
0-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 152-159 128-191 16
-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 128-255 192-207 200-207 192-223 208
-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 232-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248
-255 184-191 192-199 56-63 64-71
25
VLSM Addressing
VLSM Chart Method (Sample)
Problem 18
boxes below, color or shade the sub-subnets used in the chart. This company wil
l be using the class C address 192.168.16.0. Remember to start with your largest
groups first.
WAN Address #1: LAN Address:
192.168.16.0/25
192.168.16.224/30
WAN Address #2:
192.168.16.228/30
Baltimore 60 Hosts
LAN Address:
Frederick 20 Hosts
LAN Address:
192.168.16.128/26
192.168.16.192/27
26

/24
255.255.255.0 256 Hosts
(4th octet)
/28 /29
255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 0-7 0-15 8-15
/25
255.255.255.128 128 Hosts
/26
255.255.255.192 64 Hosts
/27
255.255.255.224 32 Hosts
/30
255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 4
0-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9295 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135
136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175
176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215
216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255
255.255.255.240 16 Hosts
0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 0-127 64-79 72-7
9 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 112-119 112-127 12
0-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 152-159 128-191 16
-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 128-255 192-207 200-207 192-223 208
-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 232-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248
-255 184-191 192-199 56-63 64-71
27
VLSM Addressing
VLSM Chart Method
Problem 19
groups first.
Site 1 30 Hosts
WAN Address #1:
Site 2 50 Hosts
Site 3 10 Hosts
LAN Address:
Site 4 100 Hosts
LAN Address:
28

/24
255.255.255.0 256 Hosts
(4th octet)
/28 /29
255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 0-7 0-15 8-15
/25
255.255.255.128 128 Hosts
/26
255.255.255.192 64 Hosts
/27
255.255.255.224 32 Hosts
/30
255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 4
0-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9295 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135
136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175
176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215
216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255
255.255.255.240 16 Hosts
0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 0-127 64-79 72-7
9 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 112-119 112-127 12
0-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 152-159 128-191 16
-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 128-255 192-207 200-207 192-223 208
-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 232-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248
-255 184-191 192-199 56-63 64-71
29
VLSM Addressing
VLSM Chart Method
Problem 20
groups first.
WAN Address #1:
Richland Hills 10 Hosts
Arlington 15 Hosts
LAN Address:
LAN Address:
Euless 50 Hosts
WAN Address #2:
Bedford 12 Hosts
LAN Address:
Hurst 60 Hosts 30
LAN Address:

/24
255.255.255.0 256 Hosts
(4th octet)
/28 /29
255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 0-7 0-15 8-15
/25
255.255.255.128 128 Hosts
/26
255.255.255.192 64 Hosts
/27
255.255.255.224 32 Hosts
/30
255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 4
0-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9295 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135
136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175
176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215
216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255
255.255.255.240 16 Hosts
0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 0-127 64-79 72-7
9 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 112-119 112-127 12
0-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 152-159 128-191 16
-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 128-255 192-207 200-207 192-223 208
-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 232-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248
-255 184-191 192-199 56-63 64-71
31
VLSM Addressing
VLSM Chart Method
Problem 21
l be using the class C address 222.22.2.0. Remember to start with your largest g
roups first.
17 Hosts
LAN Address:
40 Hosts
WAN Address #1:
23 Hosts
LAN Address:
15 Hosts
12 Hosts
WAN Address #1:
WAN Address #2:
WAN Address #1:
35 Hosts
18 Hosts
32

/24
255.255.255.0 256 Hosts
(4th octet)
/28 /29
255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 0-7 0-15 8-15
/25
255.255.255.128 128 Hosts
/26
255.255.255.192 64 Hosts
/27
255.255.255.224 32 Hosts
/30
255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 4
0-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9295 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135
136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175
176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215
216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255
255.255.255.240 16 Hosts
0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 0-127 64-79 72-7
9 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 112-119 112-127 12
0-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 152-159 128-191 16
-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 128-255 192-207 200-207 192-223 208
-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 232-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248
-255 184-191 192-199 56-63 64-71
33
VLSM Addressing
VLSM Chart Method
Problem 22
l be using the class C address 200.20.2.0. Remember to start with your largest g
roups first.
WAN Address #1:
Boonsburo 35 Hosts
Hagerstown 25 Hosts
Router A Router B
WAN Address #2:
Router C
Router D
WAN Address #3:
Middletown 10 Hosts
LAN Address:
Frederick Site A 45 Hosts
Frederick Site B 23 Hosts
LAN Address:
34

/24
255.255.255.0 256 Hosts
(4th octet)
/28 /29
255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 0-7 0-15 8-15
/25
255.255.255.128 128 Hosts
/26
255.255.255.192 64 Hosts
/27
255.255.255.224 32 Hosts
/30
255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 4
0-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9295 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135
136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175
176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215
216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255
255.255.255.240 16 Hosts
0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 0-127 64-79 72-7
9 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 112-119 112-127 12
0-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 152-159 128-191 16
-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 128-255 192-207 200-207 192-223 208
-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 232-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248
-255 184-191 192-199 56-63 64-71
35
VLSM Addressing
VLSM Chart Method
Problem 23
groups first.
WAN Address #2:
Texas 10 Hosts
Maryland 25 Hosts
WAN Address #3:
LAN Address:
Utah 36 Hosts West Virginia 11 Hosts
LAN Address:
Boston 25 Hosts
LAN Address:
New York 22 Hosts
Virgina 34 Hosts
36

/24
255.255.255.0 256 Hosts
(4th octet)
/28 /29
255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 0-7 0-15 8-15
/25
255.255.255.128 128 Hosts
/26
255.255.255.192 64 Hosts
/27
255.255.255.224 32 Hosts
/30
255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 4
0-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9295 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135
136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175
176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215
216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255
255.255.255.240 16 Hosts
0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 0-127 64-79 72-7
9 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 112-119 112-127 12
0-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 152-159 128-191 16
-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 128-255 192-207 200-207 192-223 208
-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 232-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248
-255 184-191 192-199 56-63 64-71
37
VLSM Addressing
VLSM Chart Method
Problem 24
groups first.
12 Hosts
WAN Address #3:
27 Hosts
LAN Address:
LAN Address:
LAN Address:
18 Hosts
WAN Address #4:
5 Hosts
8 Hosts
8 Hosts
6 Hosts
LAN Address:
LAN Address:
38

/24
255.255.255.0 256 Hosts
(4th octet)
/28 /29
255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 0-7 0-15 8-15
/25
255.255.255.128 128 Hosts
/26
255.255.255.192 64 Hosts
/27
255.255.255.224 32 Hosts
/30
255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 4
0-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9295 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135
136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175
176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215
216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255
255.255.255.240 16 Hosts
0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 0-127 64-79 72-7
9 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 112-119 112-127 12
0-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 152-159 128-191 16
-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 128-255 192-207 200-207 192-223 208
-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 232-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248
-255 184-191 192-199 56-63 64-71
39
40
Practical VLSM
Problems
Use the VLSM method of your choice to complete the folowing problems.
.252 - .255
51 .248 - .2
7 22 - . 31 2 24 .2 8 - . 35 2 .2 2 - .2 9 .23 - .23 6 3 .23 - .24 .240 .247 .24
4
.0 - .3 .4 - .7 .8 - .1 1 .12 - .15 .16 .20 .19 .24 - .23 .2 - .27 8.3 1
5 .3 2.3 .39 63 .3 - .4 .40 .47 .44 .51 .48 5 .52 - .5 .56 - .59 - .63 .60
.192 - .195 .196 - .199 .200 .203 .204 - .20 7 .20 .21 8 - .21 1 2.21 .21 5 .2 6
- .2 20 19 -. 22 3
3 16 -. 7 60 .16 .1 471 .16 -1 8. .16 175 2. .17 9 - .17 .176 .183 .180 .184 - .
187
.188 - .191
.64 - .67 .68 - .71 .72 - .7 5 .76 .79 .80 - .8 3 .84 - .8 .88 7 -. .9 2 - 91 .9
5
.128 - .131 .132 - .13 5 .136 .139 .140 - .14 3 .14 4.1 48 .147 - .1 . 15 51 .1
2 - . 56 15 5 -. 15 9
9 .9 3 6.9 .10 007 .10 4 - .1 1 .10 8 - .11 .10 5 - .11 .112 - .119 .116 3 .120
- .12 .124 - .127
42
VLSM Addressing
(Sample)
Problem 25
You are developing a school network with the class C address 192.168.2.0/24. The
re will be three computer labs with 30 computers each that need to be on differe
nt sub-subnets. Forty eight classrooms with one computer each that will comprise
a single sub-subnet. The administrative office and guidance office contain a to
tal of seven computers which will need to be grouped together. Plan for four mor
e mini labs with six computers to each sub-subnetwork. Divide the network using
variable length subnet masks. Complete the information required below. Remember
to work from largest to smallest.
Subnet Subnet Mask (/X) /26 /27 /27 /27 /28 /29 /29 /29 /29 First Usable Host 19
2.168.2.1 192.168.2.65 192.168.2.97 192.168.2.129 192.168.2.161 192.168.2.177 19
2.168.2.185 192.168.2.193 192.168.2.201
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Subnet Address 192.168.2.0 192.168.2.64 192.168.2.96 192.168.2.128 192.168.2.160
192.168.2.176 192.168.2.184 192.168.2.192 192.168.2.200
Last Usable Host 192.168.2.62 192.168.2.94 192.168.2.126 192.168.2.158 192.168.2
.174 192.168.2.182 192.168.2.190 192.168.2.198 192.168.2.206
Broadcast Address 192.168.2.63 192.168.2.95 192.168.2.127 192.168.2.159 192.168.
2.175 192.168.2.183 192.168.2.191 192.168.2.199 192.168.2.207
14
VLSM Addressing
(Sample)
Problem 26
You are setting up a small business network with the class C address 220.55.80.0
/24. The marketing division will need 12 computers. Research and development nee
ds 27 computers. The reception area will need two computers. Management requires
19 computers. Divide the network using variable length subnet masks. Complete t
he information required below. Remember to work from largest to smallest.
Subnet Subnet Mask (/X) /27 /27 /28 /30 First Usable Host 220.55.80.1 220.55.80.
220.55.80.65 220.55.80.81
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Subnet Address 220.55.80.0 220.55.80.32 220.55.80.64 220.55.80.80
Last Usable Host 220.55.80.30 220.55.80.62 220.55.80.78 220.55.80.82
Broadcast Address 220.55.80.31 220.55.80.63 220.55.80.79 220.55.80.83
14
43
44
VLSM Addressing
Problem 27
You are setting up a medium sized network with the class C address 222.37.34.0/2
4. Marketing needs 29 computers. Research and development needs 110 computers. B
ookkeeping will use 12 computers. The reception area will need three computers.
Management requires 60 computers. Divide the network using variable length subne
t masks. Complete the information required below. Remember to work from largest
to smallest.
Subnet Subnet Mask (/X) First Usable Host
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Subnet Address
Last Usable Host
Broadcast Address
14
VLSM Addressing
Problem 28
A shipping company needs to set up its network across several locations. The Den
ver office needs six computers. The Waco office needs 22 computers. The Fargo of
fice will need five computers. The WAN links between all three locations need to
be included in the solution. Using the IP address 192.168.10.0/24 divide the ne
twork using VLSM. Complete the information required below. Remember to work from
largest to smallest.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Subnet Address
Last Usable Host
Broadcast Address
45
14
46
VLSM Addressing
Problem 29
A new school is being built in the local school district. It will have three com
puter labs with 28 computers each. There will be 58 classrooms with 2 computers
each that need to be on one sub-subnet. The office staff and administrators will
need 7 computers. The guidance and attendance office will have 5 computers. The
school has been given the address 223.145.75.0/24. Complete the information req
uired below. Remember to work from largest to smallest.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Subnet Address
Last Usable Host
Broadcast Address
14
VLSM Addressing
Problem 30
A local college is setting up a campus wide network.
on its own network address of 192.168.250.0/24. The
computers. There are 2 labs of 20 computers each, 2
nd one lab of 35 computers. Complete the information
work from largest to smallest.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
Subnet Address
Last Usable Host
Broadcast Address
13
47
14
The technology wing will be

office wing will include 15
labs of 30 computers each a
required below. Remember to
48
VLSM Addressing
Problem 31
You are setting up a network for a company in four locations. Location A has 8 c
omputers. Location B has 122 computers. Location C has 4 computers. Location D h
as 55 computers. There is a WAN connection between all four locations. Complete
the information required below using the class C address 192.168.10.0. Remember
to work from largest to smallest.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Subnet Address
Last Usable Host
Broadcast Address
14
VLSM Addressing
Problem 32
A college dormitory is being remolded. A new network is being installed. There a
re 50 dorm rooms with two drops each that will be on one sub-subnet. The offices
will have 5 drops. The reception desk will have three drops. A small study hall
will include 30 drops. Using the IP address 192.168.12.0/24 complete the inform
ation required below using VLSM. Work from largest to smallest.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Subnet Address
Last Usable Host
Broadcast Address
49
14
50
VLSM Addressing
Problem 33
You are setting up a business network with the class C address 219.75.160.0/24.
The marketing division will need 19 computers. Research and development needs 40
computers. The reception area will need four computers. Management requires 12
computers. Divide the network using variable length subnet information. On the o
pposite page draw a detailed map of this network. Include the name and sub-subne
t IP addresses for each branch of the network with the subnet mask. One router w
ith four ethernet ports will be used for this network.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Subnet Address
Last Usable Host
Broadcast Address
14
Problem 33 - Detailed Map

Draw a detailed map of this network. Include the name and sub-subnet IP addresse
s information for each branch of the network, and the subnet mask.
51
52
VLSM Addressing
Problem 34
A small company needs to set up its network across several locations. The New Yo
rk branch office needs 15 computers. The San Jose office needs 66 computers. The
Trinidad office will need 18 computers. You will need two WAN links between the
routers. Using the IP address 195.20.5.0/24 divide the network using VLSM. On t
he opposite page draw a detailed map of this network. Include the name and subsu
bnet IP addresses information for each branch of the network. Label the WAN link
s with the same information. Complete the information required below. Work from
largest to smallest.
Subnet
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Last Usable Host
Broadcast Address
14
Problem 34 - Detailed Map

Draw a detailed map of this network. Include the name and sub-subnet IP addresse
s information for each branch of the network.
53
54
Class A and B
VLSM
Problems
10 . 0 . 0 . 0
Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet) Class B Addresses VLSM Chart
16-23 Bits (3rd octet) Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)
VLSM
with
Class A and B Addresses
We ve gone over the practical applications of using VLSM on class
ame approach works with class A and B addresses. For example an ISP
lass A address which it needs to subnet between its customers. Each
need to take their addresses and subnet them again in order to use
fectively. The real trick to this is to remember which octet of the
ou are working with.
C addresses. The s
may have a c
customer may
them more ef
IP address y
Sample Problem 35 Part 1 of 3

Use the Class A address chart to break down the address for different ISP custom
ers. At this stage of the problem you are creating subnets using the second octe
t of the IP address.
ISP Addresses 15.0.0.0
Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range
(Include subnet & broadcast addresses)
CIDR
Customer #1 Customer #2 Customer #3 Customer #4 Customer #5 Customer #6 Customer
#7 Customer #8 Customer #9
8 million 2 million 2,000,000 1,000,000 500,000 450,000 200,000 130,000 100,000
15.0.0.0 to 15.127.255.255 15.128.0.0 to 15.159.255.255 15.160.0.0 to 15.191.255
.255 15.192.0.0 to 15.207.255.255 15.208.0.0 to 15.215.255.255 15.216.0.0 to 15.
223.255.255 15.224.0.0 to 15.227.255.255 15.228.0.0 to 15.229.255.255 15.230.0.0
to 15.231.255.255
/9 /11 /11 /12 /13 /13 /14 /15 /15
56
Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet)

/8
255.0.0.0
16,777,216 Hosts
/9
255.128.0.0
8,388.608 Hosts
/10
255.192.0.0
4,194,304 Hosts
/11
255.224.0.0
2,097,152 Hosts
/12
255.240.0.0
1,048,576 Hosts
/13
255.248.0.0 524,288 Hosts 0-7
/14
255.252.0.0 262,144 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39
40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9
2-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-1
35 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-1
75 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-2
15 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-2
55
/15
255.254.0.0 131,072
0-1 2-3 4-5 6-7 8-9
25 26 - 27 28 - 29
45 46 - 47 48 - 49
65 66 - 67 68 - 69
85 86 - 87 88 - 89
104 - 105 106 - 107
120 - 121 122 - 123
136 - 137 138 - 139
152 - 153 154 - 155
168 - 169 170 - 171
184 - 185 186 - 187
200 - 201 202 - 203
216 - 217 218 - 219
232 - 233 234 - 235
248 - 249 250 - 251
Hosts
10 - 11 12 - 13
30 - 31 32 - 33
50 - 51 52 - 53
70 - 71 72 - 73
90 - 91 92 - 93
108 - 109 110 124 - 125 126 140 - 141 142 156 - 157 158 172 - 173 174 188 - 189 190 204 - 205 206 220 - 221 222 236 - 237 238 252 - 253 254 -
14 - 15
34 - 35
54 - 55
74 - 75
94 - 95
111 112
127 128
143 144
159 160
175 176
191 192
207 208
223 224
239 240
255
16 - 17 18 - 19
36 - 37 38 - 39
56 - 57 58 - 59
76 - 77 78 - 79
96 - 97 98 - 99
- 113 114 - 115
- 129 130 - 131
- 145 146 - 147
- 161 162 - 163
- 177 178 - 179
- 193 194 - 195
- 209 210 - 211
- 225 226 - 227
- 241 242 - 243
20 - 21 22 - 23
40 - 41 42 - 43
60 - 61 62 - 63
80 - 81 82 - 83
100 - 101 102 116 - 117 118 132 - 133 134 148 - 149 150 164 - 165 166 180 - 181 182 196 - 197 198 212 - 213 214 228 - 229 230 244 - 245 246 -
24 44 64 84 103
119
135
151
167
183
199
215
231
247
0-15 8-15 0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 56-63
0-127 64-71 64-79 72-79 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96127 112-119 112-127 120-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144159 152-159 128-191 160-167 160-175 168-175 160-191 176-183 176-191 184-191 128255 192-199 192-207 200-207 192-223 208-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224239 232-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248-255
57
VLSM
with
Class A and B Addresses Sample Problem 35 Part 2 of 3
Customer #5 has a total of 524,288 addresses. Use the Class B address chart to b
reak down the sub-subnetwork addresses for their different clients. At this stag
e of the problem you are creating sub-subnets with the third octet of the IP add
ress.
CIDR
Client #1 Client #2 Client #3 Client #4 Client #5 Client #6 Client #7 Client #8
Client #9
7,500 5,000 4,500 2,000 1,450 1,150 900 750 450
15.208.0.0 to 15.208.31.255 15.208.32.0 to 15.208.63.255 15.208.64.0 to 15.208.9
5.255
/19 /19 /19
15.208.96.0 to 15.208.103.255 /21 15.208.104.0 to 15.208.111.255 /21 15.208.112.
0 to 15.208.119.255 /21
15.208.120.0 to 15.208.123.255
/22
15.208.124.0 to 15.208.127.255 /22 15.208.128.0 to 15.208.129.255 /23
58
Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits

/16
255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts
(3rd octet)
/21
255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts 0-7
/17
255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts
/18
255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts
/19
255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts
/20
255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts 0-15
/22
255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39
40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9
2-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-1
35 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-1
75 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-2
15 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-2
55
/23
255.255.254.0 512 Hosts
0-1 2-3 4-5 6-7 8-9 10 - 11 12 - 13
25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33
45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53
65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73
85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93
104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 -
14 - 15
34 - 35
54 - 55
74 - 75
94 - 95
111 112
127 128
143 144
159 160
175 176
191 192
207 208
223 224
239 240
255
16 - 17 18 - 19
36 - 37 38 - 39
56 - 57 58 - 59
76 - 77 78 - 79
96 - 97 98 - 99
- 113 114 - 115
- 129 130 - 131
- 145 146 - 147
- 161 162 - 163
- 177 178 - 179
- 193 194 - 195
- 209 210 - 211
- 225 226 - 227
- 241 242 - 243
20 - 21 22 - 23
40 - 41 42 - 43
60 - 61 62 - 63
80 - 81 82 - 83
100 - 101 102 116 - 117 118 132 - 133 134 148 - 149 150 164 - 165 166 180 - 181 182 196 - 197 198 212 - 213 214 228 - 229 230 244 - 245 246 -
24 44 64 84 103
119
135
151
167
183
199
215
231
247
8-15 0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 56-63 0-127
64-71 64-79 72-79 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 1
12-119 112-127 120-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 1
52-159 128-191 160-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 184-191 128-255 1
92-199 192-207 200-207 192-223 208-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 2
32-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248-255
59
VLSM
with
Client #8 has a total of 1,024 addresses. Use the Class C address chart to break
down the sub-subnetwork addresses for their different branch offices. At this s
tage of the problem you are creating sub-subnets with the fourth octet of the IP
address.
CIDR
Branch #1 Branch #2 Branch #3 Branch #4 Branch #5 Branch #6 Branch #7 Branch #8
Branch #9
100 55 25 6 4 2 2 2 2
15.208.124.0 to 15.208.124.127 15.208.124.128 to 15.208.124.191
/25 /26
15.208.124.192 to 15.208.124.223 /27 15.208.124.224 to 15.208.124.231 /29 15.208
.124.232 to 15.208.124.239 /29 15.208.124.240 to 15.208.124.243 /30 15.208.124.2
44 to 15.208.124.247 /30 15.208.124.248 to 15.208.124.251 /30 15.208.124.252 to
15.208.124.255 /30
60

/24
255.255.255.0 256 Hosts
(4th octet)
/28 /29
255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 0-7 0-15 8-15
/25
255.255.255.128 128 Hosts
/26
255.255.255.192 64 Hosts
/27
255.255.255.224 32 Hosts
/30
255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 4
0-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9295 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135
136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175
176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215
216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255
255.255.255.240 16 Hosts
0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 0-127
9 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 112-119
0-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 152-159
0-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 128-255 192-207 200-207
8-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 232-239 224-255 240-247
8-255 184-191 192-199 56-63 64-71
61
64-79 72-7
112-127 12
128-191 16
192-223 20
240-255 24
VLSM
with
Class A and B Addresses Problem 36 Part 1 of 3
The school system you are working for is using the private address of 172.32.0.0
to subnet the entire district. Use the Class B address chart to break down the
sub-subnetwork addresses for the different schools and offices. At this stage of
the problem you are creating sub-subnets with the third octet of the IP address
. Remember which octet of the IP address you are working in.
School System Address 172.32.0.0
CIDR
North High South High North Middle South Middle Central Elem.
Southern Elem.
2,400 2,000 1,200 1,000 550 475 450 400 300
Eastern Elem. Central Office Western Elem.
62

/16
255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts
(3rd octet)
/21
255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts 0-7
/17
255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts
/18
255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts
/19
255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts
/20
255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts 0-15
/22
255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39
40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9
2-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-1
35 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-1
75 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-2
15 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-2
55
/23
255.255.254.0 512 Hosts
0-1 2-3 4-5 6-7 8-9 10 - 11 12 - 13
25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33
45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53
65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73
85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93
104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 -
14 - 15
34 - 35
54 - 55
74 - 75
94 - 95
111 112
127 128
143 144
159 160
175 176
191 192
207 208
223 224
239 240
255
16 - 17 18 - 19
36 - 37 38 - 39
56 - 57 58 - 59
76 - 77 78 - 79
96 - 97 98 - 99
- 113 114 - 115
- 129 130 - 131
- 145 146 - 147
- 161 162 - 163
- 177 178 - 179
- 193 194 - 195
- 209 210 - 211
- 225 226 - 227
- 241 242 - 243
20 - 21 22 - 23
40 - 41 42 - 43
60 - 61 62 - 63
80 - 81 82 - 83
100 - 101 102 116 - 117 118 132 - 133 134 148 - 149 150 164 - 165 166 180 - 181 182 196 - 197 198 212 - 213 214 228 - 229 230 244 - 245 246 -
24 44 64 84 103
119
135
151
167
183
199
215
231
247
8-15 0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 56-63 0-127
64-71 64-79 72-79 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 1
12-119 112-127 120-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 1
52-159 128-191 160-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 184-191 128-255 1
92-199 192-207 200-207 192-223 208-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 2
32-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248-255
63
VLSM
with
Eastern Elementary has been given 512 hosts, with the address range of 172.32.42
.0 / 21 (255.255.248.0). Based on the information below supply the required addr
ess ranges and subnet masks for each school area. Use the Class C address chart
to break down the sub-subnetworks.
Hint:
Another way to look at this problem is to see that with the third octet range of
42 to 43 you have access to 2 groups of 255 addresses (172.32.42.0 and 172.32.4
3.0). Think in terms of having two Class C VLSM charts.
Eastern Elementary School Address Range 172.32.42.0 to 172.32.43.255
CIDR
Students Printers Staff
Network Devices
250 45 40 25 12
Administrative
64

/24
255.255.255.0 256 Hosts
(4th octet)
/28 /29
255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 0-7 0-15 8-15
/25
255.255.255.128 128 Hosts
/26
255.255.255.192 64 Hosts
/27
255.255.255.224 32 Hosts
/30
255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 4
0-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9295 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135
136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175
176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215
216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255
255.255.255.240 16 Hosts
0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 0-127
9 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 112-119
0-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 152-159
0-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 128-255 192-207 200-207
8-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 232-239 224-255 240-247
8-255 184-191 192-199 56-63 64-71
65
64-79 72-7
112-127 12
128-191 16
192-223 20
240-255 24
VLSM
with
South High in part 1 of this problem has been given 2,048 hosts, with
s range of 172.32.16.0 / 21 (255.255.248.0). Based on the information
ly the required address ranges and subnet masks for each school area.
he Class B and Class C address charts to break down the subsubnetwork
for the different areas of the network.
the addres
below supp
Use both t
addresses
Hint:
With this problem you are creating sub-subnets with both the third and fourth oc
tets of the IP address. You may need to use the Class B VLSM chart for the Stude
nts addressing information. All the other addresses will be using the Class C VL
SM chart. Another way to look at this problem is to see that with the third octe
ct range of 16 to 23 you have access to 8 groups of 255 addresses or eight Class
C VLSM charts.
South High School Address Range 172.32.16.0 to 172.32.23.255
CIDR
Students
Network Devices
1,000 250 200 150 50
Printers Staff Administrative
66

/24
255.255.255.0 256 Hosts
(4th octet)
/28 /29
255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 0-7 0-15 8-15
/25
255.255.255.128 128 Hosts
/26
255.255.255.192 64 Hosts
/27
255.255.255.224 32 Hosts
/30
255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 4
0-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9295 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135
136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175
176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215
216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255
255.255.255.240 16 Hosts
0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 0-127
9 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 112-119
0-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 152-159
0-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 128-255 192-207 200-207
8-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 232-239 224-255 240-247
8-255 184-191 192-199 56-63 64-71
67
64-79 72-7
112-127 12
128-191 16
192-223 20
240-255 24
VLSM
with
The company you are working for is using the IP address 110.0.0.0 sub-subneted f
or multiple offices around the world. Use the Class A address chart to break dow
n the sub-subnetwork addresses for the different offices. At this stage of the p
roblem you are creating sub-subnets with the third octet of the IP address. Reme
mber which octet of the IP address you are working in.
Company Address 110.0.0.0
CIDR
Moskva New York St. Petersburg London Ekaterinoburg Munchen Napoli Birmingham Ro
tterdam
3,050,000 1,540,000 1,075,000 975,000 525,000 450,000 150,000 130,000 95,000
68

/8
255.0.0.0
16,777,216 Hosts
/9
255.128.0.0
8,388.608 Hosts
/10
255.192.0.0
4,194,304 Hosts
/11
255.224.0.0
2,097,152 Hosts
/12
255.240.0.0
1,048,576 Hosts
/13
255.248.0.0 524,288 Hosts 0-7
/14
255.252.0.0 262,144 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39
40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9
2-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-1
35 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-1
75 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-2
15 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-2
55
/15
255.254.0.0 131,072
0-1 2-3 4-5 6-7 8-9
25 26 - 27 28 - 29
45 46 - 47 48 - 49
65 66 - 67 68 - 69
85 86 - 87 88 - 89
104 - 105 106 - 107
120 - 121 122 - 123
136 - 137 138 - 139
152 - 153 154 - 155
168 - 169 170 - 171
184 - 185 186 - 187
200 - 201 202 - 203
216 - 217 218 - 219
232 - 233 234 - 235
248 - 249 250 - 251
Hosts
10 - 11 12 - 13
30 - 31 32 - 33
50 - 51 52 - 53
70 - 71 72 - 73
90 - 91 92 - 93
108 - 109 110 124 - 125 126 140 - 141 142 156 - 157 158 172 - 173 174 188 - 189 190 204 - 205 206 220 - 221 222 236 - 237 238 252 - 253 254 -
14 - 15
34 - 35
54 - 55
74 - 75
94 - 95
111 112
127 128
143 144
159 160
175 176
191 192
207 208
223 224
239 240
255
16 - 17 18 - 19
36 - 37 38 - 39
56 - 57 58 - 59
76 - 77 78 - 79
96 - 97 98 - 99
- 113 114 - 115
- 129 130 - 131
- 145 146 - 147
- 161 162 - 163
- 177 178 - 179
- 193 194 - 195
- 209 210 - 211
- 225 226 - 227
- 241 242 - 243
20 - 21 22 - 23
40 - 41 42 - 43
60 - 61 62 - 63
80 - 81 82 - 83
100 - 101 102 116 - 117 118 132 - 133 134 148 - 149 150 164 - 165 166 180 - 181 182 196 - 197 198 212 - 213 214 228 - 229 230 244 - 245 246 -
24 44 64 84 103
119
135
151
167
183
199
215
231
247
0-15 8-15 0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 56-63
0-127 64-71 64-79 72-79 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96127 112-119 112-127 120-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144159 152-159 128-191 160-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 184-191 128255 192-199 192-207 200-207 192-223 208-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224239 232-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248-255
69
VLSM
with
London in part 1 of this problem has been given 1,048,576 hosts, with the addres
s range of 110.128.0.0 to 110.143.255.255 /12 (255.240.0.0). Based on the inform
ation below supply the required address ranges and subnet masks for each office.
Use the Class B address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for th
e different areas of the network.
London Address Range 110.128.0.0 to 110.143.255.255
CIDR
Office #1 Office #2 Office #3 Office #4 Office #5 Office #6 Office #7 Office #8
Office #9
6,450 3,780 2,750 2,000 1,000 845 500 450 300
70

/16
255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts
(3rd octet)
/21
255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts 0-7
/17
255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts
/18
255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts
/19
255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts
/20
255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts 0-15
/22
255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39
40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9
2-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-1
35 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-1
75 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-2
15 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-2
55
/23
255.255.254.0 512 Hosts
0-1 2-3 4-5 6-7 8-9 10 - 11 12 - 13
25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33
45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53
65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73
85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93
104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 -
14 - 15
34 - 35
54 - 55
74 - 75
94 - 95
111 112
127 128
143 144
159 160
175 176
191 192
207 208
223 224
239 240
255
16 - 17 18 - 19
36 - 37 38 - 39
56 - 57 58 - 59
76 - 77 78 - 79
96 - 97 98 - 99
- 113 114 - 115
- 129 130 - 131
- 145 146 - 147
- 161 162 - 163
- 177 178 - 179
- 193 194 - 195
- 209 210 - 211
- 225 226 - 227
- 241 242 - 243
20 - 21 22 - 23
40 - 41 42 - 43
60 - 61 62 - 63
80 - 81 82 - 83
100 - 101 102 116 - 117 118 132 - 133 134 148 - 149 150 164 - 165 166 180 - 181 182 196 - 197 198 212 - 213 214 228 - 229 230 244 - 245 246 -
24 44 64 84 103
119
135
151
167
183
199
215
231
247
8-15 0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 56-63 0-127
64-71 64-79 72-79 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 1
12-119 112-127 120-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 1
52-159 128-191 160-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 184-191 128-255 1
92-199 192-207 200-207 192-223 208-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 2
32-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248-255
71
VLSM
with
Office #7 in part 2 of this problem has been given 512 hosts, with the address r
ange of 110.128.80.0 / 23 (255.255.254.0). Based on the information below supply
the required address ranges and subnet masks for each school area. Use the Clas
s C address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for the different a
reas of the network. Hint: Another way to look at this problem is to see that wi
th the third octect range of 80 to 81 you have access to 2 groups of 255 address
es or two Class C VLSM charts.
Office #7 Address Range 110.128.80.0 to 110.128.81.255
Customer Name Number of Addresses Address Range CIDR
1st Floor 2nd Floor 5th Floor 8th Floor 4th Floor Basement 7th Floor 3rd Floor 6
th Floor
125 75 50 45 30 14 12 6 4
72

/24
255.255.255.0 256 Hosts
(4th octet)
/28 /29
255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 0-7 0-15 8-15
/25
255.255.255.128 128 Hosts
/26
255.255.255.192 64 Hosts
/27
255.255.255.224 32 Hosts
/30
255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 4
0-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9295 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135
136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175
176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215
216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255
255.255.255.240 16 Hosts
0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 0-127
9 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 112-119
0-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 152-159
0-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 128-255 192-207 200-207
8-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 232-239 224-255 240-247
8-255 184-191 192-199 56-63 64-71
73
64-79 72-7
112-127 12
128-191 16
192-223 20
240-255 24
VLSM
with
Use the Class A address chart to break down the address for different business c
ustomers by country. At this stage of this problem you are creating subnets in t
he second octet of the IP address.
Addresses 75.0.0.0
United States China Japan Germany Russia Australia Brazil Canda Denmark
6.5 million 4 million 1 million 500,000 455,000 450,000 125,000 90,000 88,000
74

/8
255.0.0.0
16,777,216 Hosts
/9
255.128.0.0
8,388.608 Hosts
/10
255.192.0.0
4,194,304 Hosts
/11
255.224.0.0
2,097,152 Hosts
/12
255.240.0.0
1,048,576 Hosts
/13
255.248.0.0 524,288 Hosts 0-7
/14
255.252.0.0 262,144 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39
40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9
2-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-1
35 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-1
75 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-2
15 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-2
55
/15
255.254.0.0 131,072
0-1 2-3 4-5 6-7 8-9
25 26 - 27 28 - 29
45 46 - 47 48 - 49
65 66 - 67 68 - 69
85 86 - 87 88 - 89
104 - 105 106 - 107
120 - 121 122 - 123
136 - 137 138 - 139
152 - 153 154 - 155
168 - 169 170 - 171
184 - 185 186 - 187
200 - 201 202 - 203
216 - 217 218 - 219
232 - 233 234 - 235
248 - 249 250 - 251
Hosts
10 - 11 12 - 13
30 - 31 32 - 33
50 - 51 52 - 53
70 - 71 72 - 73
90 - 91 92 - 93
108 - 109 110 124 - 125 126 140 - 141 142 156 - 157 158 172 - 173 174 188 - 189 190 204 - 205 206 220 - 221 222 236 - 237 238 252 - 253 254 -
14 - 15
34 - 35
54 - 55
74 - 75
94 - 95
111 112
127 128
143 144
159 160
175 176
191 192
207 208
223 224
239 240
255
16 - 17 18 - 19
36 - 37 38 - 39
56 - 57 58 - 59
76 - 77 78 - 79
96 - 97 98 - 99
- 113 114 - 115
- 129 130 - 131
- 145 146 - 147
- 161 162 - 163
- 177 178 - 179
- 193 194 - 195
- 209 210 - 211
- 225 226 - 227
- 241 242 - 243
20 - 21 22 - 23
40 - 41 42 - 43
60 - 61 62 - 63
80 - 81 82 - 83
100 - 101 102 116 - 117 118 132 - 133 134 148 - 149 150 164 - 165 166 180 - 181 182 196 - 197 198 212 - 213 214 228 - 229 230 244 - 245 246 -
24 44 64 84 103
119
135
151
167
183
199
215
231
247
0-15 8-15 0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 56-63
0-127 64-71 64-79 72-79 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96127 112-119 112-127 120-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144159 152-159 128-191 160-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 184-191 128255 192-199 192-207 200-207 192-223 208-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224239 232-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248-255
75
VLSM
with
The United States customers have a total of 8,388,608 addresses. Use the Class A
address chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for their different ar
eas. At this stage of this problem you are creating sub-subnets in the second oc
tet of the IP address.
Addresses Range: 75.0.0.0 to 75.127.255.255
Client #1 Client #2 Client #3 Client #4 Client #5 Client #6 Client #7
1,950,000 1,000,000 950,000 700,000 550,000 500,000 450,000
76

/8
255.0.0.0
16,777,216 Hosts
/9
255.128.0.0
8,388.608 Hosts
/10
255.192.0.0
4,194,304 Hosts
/11
255.224.0.0
2,097,152 Hosts
/12
255.240.0.0
1,048,576 Hosts
/13
255.248.0.0 524,288 Hosts 0-7
/14
255.252.0.0 262,144 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39
40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9
2-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-1
35 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-1
75 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-2
15 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-2
55
/15
255.254.0.0 131,072
0-1 2-3 4-5 6-7 8-9
25 26 - 27 28 - 29
45 46 - 47 48 - 49
65 66 - 67 68 - 69
85 86 - 87 88 - 89
104 - 105 106 - 107
120 - 121 122 - 123
136 - 137 138 - 139
152 - 153 154 - 155
168 - 169 170 - 171
184 - 185 186 - 187
200 - 201 202 - 203
216 - 217 218 - 219
232 - 233 234 - 235
248 - 249 250 - 251
Hosts
10 - 11 12 - 13
30 - 31 32 - 33
50 - 51 52 - 53
70 - 71 72 - 73
90 - 91 92 - 93
108 - 109 110 124 - 125 126 140 - 141 142 156 - 157 158 172 - 173 174 188 - 189 190 204 - 205 206 220 - 221 222 236 - 237 238 252 - 253 254 -
14 - 15
34 - 35
54 - 55
74 - 75
94 - 95
111 112
127 128
143 144
159 160
175 176
191 192
207 208
223 224
239 240
255
16 - 17 18 - 19
36 - 37 38 - 39
56 - 57 58 - 59
76 - 77 78 - 79
96 - 97 98 - 99
- 113 114 - 115
- 129 130 - 131
- 145 146 - 147
- 161 162 - 163
- 177 178 - 179
- 193 194 - 195
- 209 210 - 211
- 225 226 - 227
- 241 242 - 243
20 - 21 22 - 23
40 - 41 42 - 43
60 - 61 62 - 63
80 - 81 82 - 83
100 - 101 102 116 - 117 118 132 - 133 134 148 - 149 150 164 - 165 166 180 - 181 182 196 - 197 198 212 - 213 214 228 - 229 230 244 - 245 246 -
24 44 64 84 103
119
135
151
167
183
199
215
231
247
0-15 8-15 0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 56-63
0-127 64-71 64-79 72-79 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96127 112-119 112-127 120-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144159 152-159 128-191 160-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 184-191 128255 192-199 192-207 200-207 192-223 208-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224239 232-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248-255
77
VLSM
with
Client #7 has a total of 524,288 addresses. Use the Class B address chart to bre
ak down the sub-subnetwork addresses for their different clients. At this stage
of this problem you are creating sub-subnets in the third or forth octet of the
IP address. Hint: Another way to look at this problem is to see that with the se
cond octect range of 104 to 111 you have access to 8 groups of 65,536 addresses
or 8 Class B VLSM charts.
ISP Addresses 75.104.0.0 to 75.111.255.255
Office #1 Office #2 Office #3 Office #4 Office #5 Office #6 Office #7 Office #8
Office #9
60,000 45,000 30,000 24,000 15,000 10,000 8,000 2,000 1,000
78

/16
255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts
(3rd octet)
/21
255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts 0-7
/17
255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts
/18
255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts
/19
255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts
/20
255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts 0-15
/22
255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39
40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9
2-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-1
35 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-1
75 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-2
15 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-2
55
/23
255.255.254.0 512 Hosts
0-1 2-3 4-5 6-7 8-9 10 - 11 12 - 13
25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33
45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53
65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73
85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93
104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 -
14 - 15
34 - 35
54 - 55
74 - 75
94 - 95
111 112
127 128
143 144
159 160
175 176
191 192
207 208
223 224
239 240
255
16 - 17 18 - 19
36 - 37 38 - 39
56 - 57 58 - 59
76 - 77 78 - 79
96 - 97 98 - 99
- 113 114 - 115
- 129 130 - 131
- 145 146 - 147
- 161 162 - 163
- 177 178 - 179
- 193 194 - 195
- 209 210 - 211
- 225 226 - 227
- 241 242 - 243
20 - 21 22 - 23
40 - 41 42 - 43
60 - 61 62 - 63
80 - 81 82 - 83
100 - 101 102 116 - 117 118 132 - 133 134 148 - 149 150 164 - 165 166 180 - 181 182 196 - 197 198 212 - 213 214 228 - 229 230 244 - 245 246 -
24 44 64 84 103
119
135
151
167
183
199
215
231
247
8-15 0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 56-63 0-127
64-71 64-79 72-79 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 1
12-119 112-127 120-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 1
52-159 128-191 160-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 184-191 128-255 1
92-199 192-207 200-207 192-223 208-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 2
32-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248-255
79
VLSM
with
Office #7 from part 3 of 4 has a total of 8,192 addresses. Use the Class B addre
ss chart to break down the sub-subnetwork addresses for the different branch off
ices. At this stage of this problem you are creating sub-subnets in the third oc
tet of the IP address. Hint: Remember that the range of this problem is between
128 and 159 in the third octect. Your subnetting will start in the middle of the
chart not at the top for this range.
ISP Addresses 75.107.128.0 to 75.107.159.255
Branch #1 Branch #2 Branch #3 Branch #4 Branch #5
4,000 2,000 1,000 500 450
80

/16
255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts
(3rd octet)
/21
255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts 0-7
/17
255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts
/18
255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts
/19
255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts
/20
255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts 0-15
/22
255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39
40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9
2-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-1
35 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-1
75 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-2
15 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-2
55
/23
255.255.254.0 512 Hosts
0-1 2-3 4-5 6-7 8-9 10 - 11 12 - 13
25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33
45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53
65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73
85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93
104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 -
14 - 15
34 - 35
54 - 55
74 - 75
94 - 95
111 112
127 128
143 144
159 160
175 176
191 192
207 208
223 224
239 240
255
16 - 17 18 - 19
36 - 37 38 - 39
56 - 57 58 - 59
76 - 77 78 - 79
96 - 97 98 - 99
- 113 114 - 115
- 129 130 - 131
- 145 146 - 147
- 161 162 - 163
- 177 178 - 179
- 193 194 - 195
- 209 210 - 211
- 225 226 - 227
- 241 242 - 243
20 - 21 22 - 23
40 - 41 42 - 43
60 - 61 62 - 63
80 - 81 82 - 83
100 - 101 102 116 - 117 118 132 - 133 134 148 - 149 150 164 - 165 166 180 - 181 182 196 - 197 198 212 - 213 214 228 - 229 230 244 - 245 246 -
24 44 64 84 103
119
135
151
167
183
199
215
231
247
8-15 0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 56-63 0-127
64-71 64-79 72-79 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 1
12-119 112-127 120-127 0 - 255 See Hint 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159
152-159 128-191 160-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 184-191 128-255
192-199 192-207 200-207 192-223 208-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239
232-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248-255 128-135
81
82
Reference Charts and Support Materials

Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits (3rd octet)
Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits (4th octet)

/8
255.0.0.0
16,777,216 Hosts
/9
255.128.0.0
8,388.608 Hosts
/10
255.192.0.0
4,194,304 Hosts
/11
255.224.0.0
2,097,152 Hosts
/12
255.240.0.0
1,048,576 Hosts
/13
255.248.0.0 524,288 Hosts 0-7
/14
255.252.0.0 262,144 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39
40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9
2-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-1
35 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-1
75 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-2
15 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-2
55
/15
255.254.0.0 131,072
0-1 2-3 4-5 6-7 8-9
25 26 - 27 28 - 29
45 46 - 47 48 - 49
65 66 - 67 68 - 69
85 86 - 87 88 - 89
104 - 105 106 - 107
120 - 121 122 - 123
136 - 137 138 - 139
152 - 153 154 - 155
168 - 169 170 - 171
184 - 185 186 - 187
200 - 201 202 - 203
216 - 217 218 - 219
232 - 233 234 - 235
248 - 249 250 - 251
Hosts
10 - 11 12 - 13
30 - 31 32 - 33
50 - 51 52 - 53
70 - 71 72 - 73
90 - 91 92 - 93
108 - 109 110 124 - 125 126 140 - 141 142 156 - 157 158 172 - 173 174 188 - 189 190 204 - 205 206 220 - 221 222 236 - 237 238 252 - 253 254 -
14 - 15
34 - 35
54 - 55
74 - 75
94 - 95
111 112
127 128
143 144
159 160
175 176
191 192
207 208
223 224
239 240
255
16 - 17 18 - 19
36 - 37 38 - 39
56 - 57 58 - 59
76 - 77 78 - 79
96 - 97 98 - 99
- 113 114 - 115
- 129 130 - 131
- 145 146 - 147
- 161 162 - 163
- 177 178 - 179
- 193 194 - 195
- 209 210 - 211
- 225 226 - 227
- 241 242 - 243
20 - 21 22 - 23
40 - 41 42 - 43
60 - 61 62 - 63
80 - 81 82 - 83
100 - 101 102 116 - 117 118 132 - 133 134 148 - 149 150 164 - 165 166 180 - 181 182 196 - 197 198 212 - 213 214 228 - 229 230 244 - 245 246 -
24 44 64 84 103
119
135
151
167
183
199
215
231
247
0-15 8-15 0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 56-63
0-127 64-71 64-79 72-79 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96127 112-119 112-127 120-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144159 152-159 128-191 160-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 184-191 128255 192-199 192-207 200-207 192-223 208-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224239 232-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248-255
84

/16
255.255.0.0 65,536 Hosts
(3rd octet)
/21
255.255.248.0 2,048 Hosts 0-7
/17
255.255.128.0 32,768 Hosts
/18
255.255.192.0 16,384 Hosts
/19
255.255.224.0 8,192 Hosts
/20
255.255.240.0 4,096 Hosts 0-15
/22
255.255.252.0 1,024 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39
40-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9
2-95 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-1
35 136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-1
75 176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-2
15 216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-2
55
/23
255.255.254.0 512 Hosts
0-1 2-3 4-5 6-7 8-9 10 - 11 12 - 13
25 26 - 27 28 - 29 30 - 31 32 - 33
45 46 - 47 48 - 49 50 - 51 52 - 53
65 66 - 67 68 - 69 70 - 71 72 - 73
85 86 - 87 88 - 89 90 - 91 92 - 93
104 - 105 106 - 107 108 - 109 110 120 - 121 122 - 123 124 - 125 126 136 - 137 138 - 139 140 - 141 142 152 - 153 154 - 155 156 - 157 158 168 - 169 170 - 171 172 - 173 174 184 - 185 186 - 187 188 - 189 190 200 - 201 202 - 203 204 - 205 206 216 - 217 218 - 219 220 - 221 222 232 - 233 234 - 235 236 - 237 238 248 - 249 250 - 251 252 - 253 254 -
14 - 15
34 - 35
54 - 55
74 - 75
94 - 95
111 112
127 128
143 144
159 160
175 176
191 192
207 208
223 224
239 240
255
16 - 17 18 - 19
36 - 37 38 - 39
56 - 57 58 - 59
76 - 77 78 - 79
96 - 97 98 - 99
- 113 114 - 115
- 129 130 - 131
- 145 146 - 147
- 161 162 - 163
- 177 178 - 179
- 193 194 - 195
- 209 210 - 211
- 225 226 - 227
- 241 242 - 243
20 - 21 22 - 23
40 - 41 42 - 43
60 - 61 62 - 63
80 - 81 82 - 83
100 - 101 102 116 - 117 118 132 - 133 134 148 - 149 150 164 - 165 166 180 - 181 182 196 - 197 198 212 - 213 214 228 - 229 230 244 - 245 246 -
24 44 64 84 103
119
135
151
167
183
199
215
231
247
8-15 0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 56-63 0-127
64-71 64-79 72-79 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 1
12-119 112-127 120-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 1
52-159 128-191 160-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 184-191 128-255 1
92-199 192-207 200-207 192-223 208-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 2
32-239 224-255 240-247 240-255 248-255
85

/24
255.255.255.0 256 Hosts
(4th octet)
/28 /29
255.255.255.248 8 Hosts 0-7 0-15 8-15
/25
255.255.255.128 128 Hosts
/26
255.255.255.192 64 Hosts
/27
255.255.255.224 32 Hosts
/30
255.255.255.252 4 Hosts 0-3 4-7 8-11 12-15 16-19 20-23 24-27 28-31 32-35 36-39 4
0-43 44-47 48-51 52-55 56-59 60-63 64-67 68-71 72-75 76-79 80-83 84-87 88-91 9295 96-99 100-103 104-107 108-111 112-115 116-119 120-123 124-127 128-131 132-135
136-139 140-143 144-147 148-151 152-155 156-159 160-163 164-167 168-171 172-175
176-179 180-183 184-187 188-191 192-195 196-199 200-203 204-207 208-211 212-215
216-219 220-223 224-227 228-231 232-235 236-239 240-243 244-247 248-251 252-255
255.255.255.240 16 Hosts
0-31 16-23 16-31 24-31 0-63 32-39 32-47 40-47 32-63 48-55 48-63 0-127
9 64-95 80-87 80-95 88-95 64-127 96-103 96-111 104-111 96-127 112-119
0-127 0 - 255 128-135 128-143 136-143 128-159 144-151 144-159 152-159
0-167 160-175 160-191 168-175 176-183 176-191 128-255 192-207 200-207
8-215 208-223 216-223 192-255 224-231 224-239 232-239 224-255 240-247
8-255 184-191 192-199 56-63 64-71
86
64-79 72-7
112-127 12
128-191 16
192-223 20
240-255 24
Class A Addressing Guide

# of Bits Subnet Total # of Total # of Usable # of CIDR Borrowed Mask Subnets Ho
sts Hosts ______________________________________________________________________
________________________
/8 0 255.0.0.0 1 16,777,216 16,777,214 _________________________________________
____________________________________________________ /9 1 255.128.0.0 2 8,388,60
8 8,388,606 ____________________________________________________________________
_________________________ /10 2 255.192.0.0 4 4,194,304 4,194,302 ______________
________________________________________________________________________________
____ /11 3 255.224.0.0 8 2,097,152 2,097,150 ___________________________________
___________________________________________________________ /12 4 255.240.0.0 16
1,048,576 1,048,574 ___________________________________________________________
__________________________________ /13 5 255.248.0.0 32 524,288 524,286 ________
________________________________________________________________________________
________ /14 6 255.252.0.0 64 262,144 262,142 __________________________________
____________________________________________________________ /15 7 255.254.0.0 1
28 131,072 131,070 _____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________ /16 8 255.255.0.0 256 65,536 65,534 ______
________________________________________________________________________________
_____________ /17 9 255.255.128.0 512 32,768 32,766 ____________________________
___________________________________________________________________ /18 10 255.2
55.192.0 1,024 16,384 16,382 ___________________________________________________
__________________________________________________ /19 11 255.255.224.0 2,048 8,
192 8,190 ______________________________________________________________________
________________________ /20 12 255.255.240.0 4,096 4,096 4,094 ________________
________________________________________________________________________________
__ /21 13 255.255.248.0 8,192 2,048 2,046 ______________________________________
___________________________________________________________ /22 14 255.255.252.0
16,384 1,024 1,022 ____________________________________________________________
____________________________________ /23 15 255.255.254.0 32,768 512 510 _______
________________________________________________________________________________
_____________ /24 16 255.255.255.0 65,536 256 254 ______________________________
_______________________________________________________________________ /25 17 2
55.255.255.128 131,072 128 126 _________________________________________________
___________________________________________________ /26 18 255.255.255.192 262,1
44 64 62 _______________________________________________________________________
____________________________ /27 19 255.255.255.224 524,288 32 30 ______________
________________________________________________________________________________
______ /28 20 255.255.255.240 1,048,576 16 14 __________________________________
__________________________________________________________________ /29 21 255.25
5.255.248 2,097,152 8 6 ________________________________________________________
________________________________________ /30 22 255.255.255.252 4,194,304 4 2
Class B Addressing Guide
sts Hosts ______________________________________________________________________
________________________
/16 0 255.255.0.0 1 65,536 65,534 ______________________________________________
_______________________________________________ /17 1 255.255.128.0 2 32,768 32,
766 ____________________________________________________________________________
_________________ /18 2 255.255.192.0 4 16,384 16,382 __________________________
________________________________________________________________________ /19 3 2
55.255.224.0 8 8,192 8,190 _____________________________________________________
_________________________________________ /20 4 255.255.240.0 16 4,096 4,094 ___
________________________________________________________________________________
__________ /21 5 255.255.248.0 32 2,048 2,046 __________________________________
______________________________________________________________ /22 6 255.255.252
.0 64 1,024 1,022 ______________________________________________________________
________________________________ /23 7 255.255.254.0 128 512 510 _______________
________________________________________________________________________________
___ /24 8 255.255.255.0 256 256 254 ____________________________________________

_______________________________________________________ /25 9 255.255.255.128 51
2 128 126 ______________________________________________________________________
_________________________ /26 10 255.255.255.192 1,024 64 62 ___________________
________________________________________________________________________________
__ /27 11 255.255.255.224 2,048 32 30 __________________________________________
____________________________________________________ /28 12 255.255.255.240 4,09
6 16 14 ________________________________________________________________________
______________________ /29 13 255.255.255.248 8,192 8 6 ________________________
________________________________________________________________________ /30 255
.255.255.252 4 14 16,384 2
Class C Addressing Guide
sts Hosts ______________________________________________________________________
________________________
/24 0 255.255.255.0 1 256 254 __________________________________________________
___________________________________________ /25 1 255.255.255.128 2 128 126 ____
________________________________________________________________________________
_________ /26 2 255.255.255.192 4 64 62 ________________________________________
__________________________________________________________ /27 3 255.255.255.224
8 32 30 _______________________________________________________________________
_______________________ /28 4 255.255.255.240 16 16 14 _________________________
____________________________________________________________________ /29 5 255.2
55.255.248 32 8 6 ______________________________________________________________
__________________________________ /30 255.255.255.252 4 2 6 64 Inside Cover

VLSM Workbook Student Edition V2 0

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VLSM Workbook Student Edition V2 0

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01.

Classful vs. Classless Subnetting

Classful Subnetting Example

Classless Subnetting Example

Visualizing Subnets Using The Box Method

with different shades to highlight each subnet.

with different shades to highlight each subnet.

Visualizing Subnets Using The Circle Method

.200 .207 .20 8.21 .21 5 6.22 3

Visualizing Subnets Using a VLSM Chart

Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits

Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits

Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits

Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits

Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits

Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits

Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits

Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits

The technology wing will be

Problem 33 - Detailed Map

Problem 34 - Detailed Map

Sample Problem 35 Part 1 of 3

Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet)

Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits

Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits

Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits

Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits

Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits

Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet)

Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits

Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits

Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet)

Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet)

Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits

Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits

Reference Charts and Support Materials

Class A Addresses VLSM Chart 8-15 Bits (2nd octet)

Class B Addresses VLSM Chart 16-23 Bits

Class C Addresses VLSM Chart 24-30 Bits

Class A Addressing Guide

___ /24 8 255.255.255.0 256 256 254 ____________________________________________

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_ /24 8 255.255.255.0 256 256 254 __________________________________________