Development of solution for metering data reading and delivery to data base

20th September 2013, Venstpils Final Conference Smart Metering (Smart, Project No LLIV-312)

Common trial network in Ventspils: selection of the scope of trial network

Isolated network segment with a limited amount of subscribers
Less subscribers affected during meter installation

Low traffic area less problems with installation High buildings for signal reception Easily accessible manholes Enough branches for data analysis and modeling Existing city infrastructure (SELGA old peoples home) for receiver/transmission installations, power supply Existing high buildings for alternate signal reception points Almost all segments can be equipped with meters The BAD: no loop closed main branch

Goals
Provide sensor network for real world experimental environment in University Water leak and unauthorized connection detection EPANET as water quality and future expansion tool Aquamet expansion with network structural definition and modeling compatibility Aquamet expansion with monitoring and model based simulation functionality Provide e-services
Bill generation (also user portal publicmet) Udeka IS compatible data exports check compatibility with bookkeeping

Trial network

All segments and branches have at least one meter Long distribution lines for fluid dynamics simulation (wave propagation)

Trial network

Technical problems solution concerning metering data transmission from the water networks wells

Power supply for pressure meters Existing flow, pressure reader adaption for 868MHz RF transmission instead of GPRS Transmission signal strength obstacles Signal transmission from manholes Data packet retransmission using Ethernet Physical meter installation in the network Software adaption for data processing and visualization (AquaMet)

Ethernet message converter

Cheap initial development platform
SoC: Infineon's ADM5120P CPU: MIPS32 RAM: 16MiB Flash memory: 2MiB (expandable via USB storage) 2 USB ports (host mode) 5 VLAN capable Ethernet ports

Software designed solution easily portable to other platforms Base system running customized OpenWRT (linux) image: USB support, networking, VPN Message receiving using USB interface Message processing: C Alternatives: OpenEmbedded

Existing hardware expansion

Base hardware is Mazzy GPRS pressure and flow meter transmission system Interface expansion for networking support reduced costs GPRS only transmitter (pressure) modification for 868MHz transmission GPRS only as fallback solution First prototype evolution to an optimized stripped down hardware version

Decision to separate the components USB ICRv9 for easy PC hookup debugging and data retrieval Open standards, human readable, easy development Security: P2P Bridges with dedicated VLAN

Further improvements have to be made, eservices Additional network expansion needed

Offered solution not confirmed

Pressure sensors still not installed

Might need improvements, bugfixes

Decision to separate the components USB ICRv9 for easy PC hookup debugging and data aquision Open standards, human readable, easy development Security: P2P Bridges with dedicated VLAN

The BIG picture of the projects infrastructure

Equipment diagram

Manhole antenna prototype evolution Experiments with urethane plastic rubber and aluminum filled rugged design Has to provide tamper resistance Problems with the dipole verification (laboratory tests)

Progress [1]
The new antenna designs
directional antenna used for concrete manhole covers omnidirectional antennas: low profile used for on street manholes

Both intended to be covered in urethane

Manhole antennas

Material try outs

An error of 2% of urethane mixture results an semi-hardened result Sealing concrete (hard and dense) useful in locations near signal reception points
Three times cheaper Easy to handle Hard to destroy Max 10% signal weakening also in wet condition compared to urethane

Dropped antenna designs

too difficult to produce No accessible equipment for verification Mechanical design should be improved to reduce filling material waste Expensive

Final version of the urethane antenna body

Final version of the urethane antenna body

Final version of the urethane antenna body

Pressure meters 868MHz version

DS18B20 Programmable Resolution 1-Wire Digital Thermometer

Water flow meter: ICR20wt

Pulse counter two meter connections

Antena installations

Main municipal network connection link

Connectivity and signal reception

Signal losses due to trees, houses, concrete surroundings, RF receiver frequency correction

Relocating the wireless transmission bridges

Relocating the wireless transmission bridges

Local ISP provider 5.8GHz interference Blocking buildings and trees Better in case of new points or reallocation

Outdoor Ethernet gateway Bucher-Schoerling Baltic Ltd. roof

All three Ethernet gateways are Mini-ITX boards with Linux and Aquamon service PBOX board is the next generation of implementation needs to be tested for stability

Antena installations
Power supply problem - solved

SCADA Ethernet gateway

Custom fittings for mounting on poles

Cheap to build Easy to mount most of cases antennas are mounted to existing poles

Final network layout

Blue circles Ethernet gateway range Orange circles Repeater half-ranges

Bad cables
Ordered cable defects Bad crimps Loose connections Solder less Missing outer moisture isolation Wrong type

Domestic flow sensor positioning survey

Planning failure of positioning survey resulted only 30% of working domestic transmitters

The situation water flow sensors after the first installation (without survey)

Only 5 of 14 domestic transmitters are sending data periodically An reposition of all not received transmitters has to be done as soon as the SCADA signal reception problem is solved repositioning has to be done based on the site survey done earlier

Installation survey - good practice

Accessibility Location of the meter Direction of nearest reception point Cable length Is it needed or possible to put the transmitter outside needs to be billed with waterproof filling material (i.e. rubber) Another problem: bad reed switch connections to the flow meters

Third window from left side, 1m above ground, it possible to position in SCADA direction at a small window, cable length 34m.

Domestic transmitter repositioning

Transmitter frequency drift correction Better locations for maximum signal strength Filler (hydro sealed) transmitters for outdoor usage

Flow meter installations

Replaced flow sensors need to be <1m3 to be useful in event generation for periods less than couple hours

Pressure sensor installation (1)

Delay because of bad weather conditions and too long cold period

Pressure sensor installation (2)

Temperature sensor attached to valve Valve injection process

Pressure sensor installation (3)

Pressure transmitter installation (1)

Holes have to be drilled both on concrete or coated iron covers Some covers are more than 20mm casted iron, takes ~40min. To drill if lucky No power on site power generator needed A list of the tools is a must in work planning

Pressure transmitter installation (2)

Some covers cant be handled alone Holes have to be drilled with industrial machinery

Pressure transmitter installation (3)

In cold weather the covers are frozen to the ground digging

Pressure transmitter installation (4)

After antenna installation, an assistant is needed or a cover support is needed to prevent possible antenna damaging

Pressure transmitter installation (6)

Remaining pressure point installation

868Mhz micro antenna manhole profile milling in cases where manholes are on sidewalks

Urethane natural UV color decay to grey stealthy when on concrete manhole covers

Trial network height model corrections

To get a correct pressure (total head) calculated the height difference has to be known Manual measurements where done for the missing spots

Design failures
Temperature sensor connector missing key wrong insert causes burning, malfunctions, difficult to isolate
Pressure sensor antenna connector difficult to install capacitor in the way Pressure sensors and temperature sensors have no key markers, there are pins in between confusing The 90 degree connectors is not fitting through the case nut extreme force and tools are needed

Pressure transmitter installation (5)

Difficult to preinstall connectors soldering in -10C is not easy

USB FR
USB Serial interface: EFTDI 1215-C GN510901 FT232RL Display only for testing optional USB Serial commands:
2 read time dd/mm/hh/mm 3 read RAM 4 read EE PROM 8 erase FLASH w set RTC (ddmmhhmm) w28011200

Other improvement suggestions

For now the receiver can only be programmed with a dedicated programmer a possibility for USB programming via Ethernet controller should be added for places with problematic access like SCADA pole An earlier ICR message repeater in development powered with solar cells should be created to solve short range signal coverage

Tester15 Ethernet gateway evolution

First iteration Tester only for visual readouts of sensor/meter readings Second iteration USB serial interface for connection to embedded Linux gateway for data collection backend communication

USB tester and Pi software improvements

Tester (ICR receiver)
time synchronization only after drift detection Automatic reset after unrecognized command Increased baud rate 38400 Clear RAM after readout for easier dead node detection Tester status line added to the readout count1 flash memory use, count2 battery voltage, DateR actual RTC time

Third iteration repeater Raspberry Pi daughterboard

Fourth iteration deep embedded (work in progress)

Atmega644A USB serial bridge Integrated or external antenna Magnetic sensor to perform button functions prevent particle, moisture isolation 4Mb internal memory (512KB) 700mAh Li-Po battery WIZnet W5200 Ethernet controller Tester, diagnosis, external interface, Ethernet gateway

PBOX Ethernet gateway iteration

Ethernet gateway receiver board is the same as the repeater board changes only by software

PBOX2 features
Composite out for future display handheld device Universal Wi-Fi auto configuration and most dongle support Heartbeat monitor with LED indication of the systems health Read-Only file system after boot up auto configuration is completed to prevent file system corruption in cases of forceful power off GPIO shutdown trigger for future housing integration a software power off function All transmitters are double buffered into RAM and processed regardless of garbage data - built-in auto recovery and parsing All configuration done in a plain text .INI like configuration file easy mountable via first FAT32 partition (the etx3 stays hidden) FUTURE improvement migration to OpenEmbedded\Yocto

What comes in? What goes out?

Date 00.00 23.01 23.01 23.01 23.01 23.01 23.01 23.01 23.01 23.01 23.01 26.01 24.01 24.01 26.01 26.01 24.01 24.01 24.01 26.01 26.01 26.01 Time 00:00:00 11:30:48 11:30:55 19:00:40 11:30:57 11:30:43 11:31:01 11:31:26 11:32:45 18:23:39 12:56:29 14:48:10 12:12:33 12:06:29 15:15:47 15:16:59 12:06:27 12:13:40 12:07:27 15:16:45 15:08:42 07:51:00 SerialNr 00000000 0C000065 0C00006C 141B7D21 0C000067 0C000066 0C000069 0C000064 0C00006B 141B7C9F 141B7C45 141B76CC 0C00006C 0C000068 141B7D21 141B78F6 0C000066 0C000064 0C000065 141B7C45 141B7C9F B226897E Count1 000000 00FFFF 00FFFF 000001 00FFFF 00FFFF 00FFFF 0000B9 00FFFF 000000 000000 000CF1 00FFFF 00FFFF 000001 0058B5 00FFFF 000092 00FFFF 0000DD 00004B F3744C Count2 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000232 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 000000 57CFE8 STAT 0000 0033 0033 031C 0033 0032 0034 0033 0032 031D 0307 0317 0032 0034 031B 031E 0032 0032 0033 031C 031D 7A17 rs FA 68 7A 72 70 6F 64 78 68 6E 65 5B 6E 79 5D 86 71 77 67 7A 80 5A fr 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 00 Timestamp: 3001233004 Setting DateTime: w30012330 Date and Time 30012330 Hash: 48aeac7f70751d80b09a6ac23eb5375b DateTimeRec: 1359581312 Device type: 10 Device serial: 1B7C45 Value 1: 958 Value 2: 0 Battery: 796 RSSI: 120 http://exec.bitdev.lv/post.php?hash=48aeac7f70751d80b09a6ac23eb5 375b&battery=796&timestamp=1359581312&value2=0&value1=958&rssi=1 20&serial=1B7C45&type=10 Hash: 8980347bcdc27e25d50546adc9b4909b DateTimeRec: 1359580835 Device type: 10 Device serial: 1B78F6 Value 1: 4384 Value 2: 0 Battery: 796 RSSI: 119 http://exec.bitdev.lv/post.php?hash=8980347bcdc27e25d50546adc9b4 909b&battery=796&timestamp=1359580835&value2=0&value1=4384&rssi= 119&serial=1B78F6&type=10

Ethernet gateway - aquamon

Message reception Message analysis for errors and false results Message buffering Message encoding Message preparation for Ethernet transmission Security in transmission process

The Ethernet gateway system contains numerous helper scripts and application to ensure safe and highly available service.

Aquamon service auto-update

Extended Ethernet gateway information

Hostname, internal IP, external IP Easier identification of sites with large gateway count

Ethernet gateway
Done
aquamon multithreaded daemon to parse USB data and prepare for delivery to server MONIT service notification and aquamon service control (e-mail notification, problem detection, service recovery) VPN support (tinc, PPTP, OpenVPN) Watchdog: Broadcom BCM2708 watchdog support (gateway monitoring, overload, data pipe lost - reboot) Wear out Prevention of SD card memory (RAMLOG)

To be researched, implemented:
Stripped down version: OpenWRT (6-10MB) moved to OpenEmbedded Yocto OLSRP - Optimized Link State Routing Protocol B.A.T.M.A.N - Better Approach To Mobile Adhoc Networking

VPN allows logical grouping of sites Ethernet gateways for maintenance and debugging/management
Encryption, authentication and compression
All traffic is optionally compressed using zlib or LZO, and OpenSSL is used to encrypt the traffic and protect it from alteration with message authentication codes and sequence numbers.

Automatic full mesh routing

Regardless of how you set up the tinc daemons to connect to each other, VPN traffic is always (if possible) sent directly to the destination, without going through intermediate hops.

Easily expand your VPN

When you want to add nodes to your VPN, all you have to do is add an extra configuration file, there is no need to start new daemons or create and configure new devices or network interfaces.

Ability to bridge Ethernet segments

You can link multiple Ethernet segments together to work like a single segment, allowing you to run applications and games that normally only work on a LAN over the Internet.

Runs on many operating systems and supports IPv6

Currently Linux, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD, MacOS/X, Solaris, Windows 2000, XP, Vista and Windows 7 platforms are supported. See our section about supported platforms for more information about the state of the ports. tinc has also full support for IPv6, providing both the possibility of tunneling IPv6 traffic over its tunnels and of creating tunnels over existing IPv6 networks.

Repeater

To solve Ethernet gateway signal reception issues a sink type repeater was created Was dropped in GPRS solution as unpractical solution for Ethernet case problems

Sink transmission principle

Transmission happens only one way Battery status byte server as level identification Is dropped by the Ethernet gateway No message retransmission if repeaters are intersected Collisions in the same domain are prevented with simple random retransmission delay

sinking principle

Repeater private premises

Main problem power supply, but should not be a problem in municipal dense city scenarios with the right planning

Reception situation
All data is received with maximal delay of 2 hours (lost transmission) depends on weather, but this is the worst observed (rainy, vegetation max.) One flow meter (5!) bad reception sudden RSSI drop from 78 needs to be investigated also is in the range of repeater < 130m (SOLVED)

0 6:00 6:09 6:18 6:27 6:36 6:45 6:54 7:03 7:12 7:21 7:30 7:39 7:48 7:57 8:06 8:15 8:24 8:33 8:42 8:51 9:00

0 6:00 6:07 6:14 6:21 6:28 6:35 6:42 6:49 6:56 7:03 7:10 7:17 7:24 7:31 7:38 7:45 7:52 7:59 8:06 8:13 8:20 8:27 8:34 8:41 8:48 8:55

4 m/h INTERP m/h

SCADA flow data problem

bar

m/h

0,2

0,4

0,6

0,8

1,2

0 6:00 6:10 6:20 6:30 6:40 6:50 7:00 7:10 7:20 7:30 7:40 7:50 8:00 8:10 8:20 8:30 8:40 8:50 9:00

Data has to be interpolated and time delay error estimated

bar NORM

m/h NORM

Scada problem

Flow is an cumulative average and needs to be recalculated on each iteration All data has to be simulated as an ICR device using same data structure to ensure software homogeneity Flow has to be represented as pulses, but the averaging is only daily, so historical data has to be taken into account to generate flow pulses Solution give a one minute accuracy improvement of 2% in a daily scenario of 33539m3 (calculated 34687) an amount of 1148 liters in lost

Scada data processing

One-line Optimised

One-line solution impractical because of recursion month of data results in a data analysis of 40 minutes Solved by incremental data processing as temporary reference points

Data safety and virtualization: The platform low level reality

Proxmox

iPXE - open source network boot firmware KVM - Kernel-based Virtual Machine OpenVZ - containerbased virtualization

Data safety and virtualization: The platform - high level dream

Load balancing No single point of failure DRBD Distributed Replicated Block Device CARP - Common Address Redundancy Protocol

Server setup

Proxmox VE KVM Hypervisor RAID1 mirroring with LVM snapshots Rsnapshot for incremental rotating backups to external network drive

 High Availability Cluster

Fencing using rack PDU, IPMI (Intelligent Platform Management Interface)

KVM (for Kernel-based Virtual Machine) is a full virtualization solution for Linux on x86 hardware containing virtualization extensions (Intel VT or AMD-V) Live Snapshots OpenVZ is container-based virtualization for Linux Live Migration Open Source RESTful web API Web app for Management No SPOF Easy self containing Backup and Restore Role-based Administration Authentication Realms

ProxMox

Application server architecture

Software used open source and Unix/Linux compatibility

ScicosLab continued Scilab: the most complete alternative to commercial packages for dynamical system modeling and simulation packages such as MATLAB/Simulink and MATRIXx/SystemBuild EPANET 2 MySQL for network definition

The initial concept

Determination of burst areas Pinpointing an exact burst location

Ethernet gateway received data visualization

Aquamet + Aquamon
All Ethernet gateway recognize NAT and public IP address for easier access through SSH etc. Every equipment gets and system identifier Coordinate identifier Object information on hover On click easy photo viewing and edit option useful in large deployments

Leak causes
Leakages leakage through the crevice of the pipelines uncontrolled overflow of the accumulation tanks leakage of the hydrant shaft leakage of the fittings (valves, connections) Authorized unmeasured water consumption fire department municipal connections hydrants net street washing and sewer cleaning processing water in water plant Errors human factor (wrong reading of the water gauge and/or, calculated consumption) faulty individual water gauge of the consumer faulty main water gauge of the utilities Unauthorized unmeasured water consumption unauthorized connection to the pipelines connections without water gauge unauthorized uses of hydrants bypassing the water gauges

LEAK DETECTION IN UNDERGROUND PIPELINES OF MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRIBUTION Marko Blaevi, Ivan Samardi and Zvonimir Kolumbi

Model based methods: publications

BURST DETECTION IN WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS VIA ACTIVE IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE (Piotr Skworcow and Bogumil Ulanicki Water Software Systems, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK ) EPANET core LEAK DETECTION IN UNDERGROUND PIPELINES OF MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRIBUTION (Marko Blaevi, Ivan Samardi and Zvonimir Kolumbi) devices (loggers, correlators etc.) PRESSURE DIFFERENCE-BASED SENSING OF LEAKS IN WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS (Pall Magnus Kornmayer, Massachusetts Institute of Technology) CALIBRATION AND OPTIMAL LEAKAGE MANAGEMENT FOR A REAL WATER DISTRIBUTION NETWORK (Matteo Nicolini; Carlo Giacomello; and Kalyanmoy Deb) AN APPROACH TO LEAK DETECTION IN PIPE NETWORKS USING ANALYSIS OF MONITORED PRESSURE VALUES BY SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINE (John Mashford, Dhammika De Silva, Donavan Marney and Stewart Burn Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation) LEAK DETECTION IN PIPELINES USING THE EXTENDED KALMAN FILTER AND THE EXTENDED BOUNDARY APPROACH (Kurtis L. Doney, University of Saskatchewan) REAL-TIME DETECTION OF PIPE BURSTS IN WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS (Prof. Zoran Kapelan)

Selection of practical methods for leaks detection in WDN [2]

Typical methods used

water audits trace gas technique (light gas detection) acoustic sensors pressure loggers thermography free swimming leak detection ground-penetrating radar geophone - operator detects the micro location of the leak by the noise "listening None of these solve unauthorized connection cases

 Correlator - The measuring method is based on the analyses of the noise caused by water flow through the crevice Complications
presence of many pipeline crevices near sensors connection of the lateral pipelines near sensors unknown trace of the pipeline influence of the sound waves other than crevice noise (e.g. traffic) noise of the underground installations (e.g. pump).

Selection of practical methods for leaks detection in WDN [1] future research based on trial network data
Common used methods
Neural Networks Statistical analysis Genetic algorithms Bayesian inference (used 15 min. data cycle) Support vector machines (learning alg. also epanet core, tests showed 90lhr detection limit in 10 learning iterations)

Methods TOBE tested:

Initial working network calibration Model based real time simulation Kalman filter implementation Statistical analysis Simulation of leaks with fire hydrants (model validation)

Leak detection system components

Difference registration short term extreme anomaly detection Model based simulation model
Hydrodynamic models (EPANET)

Event generation

Water network modelling

EPANET: public-domain, water distribution system modeling software package developed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency's
Handle systems of any size Compute friction head loss using the Hazen-Williams, the Darcy Weisbach, or the Chezy-Manning head loss formula Include minor head losses for bends, fittings, etc. Model constant or variable speed pumps Compute pumping energy and cost Model various types of valves, including shutoff, check, pressure regulating, and flow control Allow storage tanks to have any shape (i.e., surface area can vary with height) Consider multiple demand categories at nodes, each with its own pattern of time variation Model pressure-dependent flow issuing from emitters (sprinkler heads) Base system operation on simple tank level or timer controls as well as on complex rule-based controls Publication: A Leak Detection Method Based on EPANET and Genetic Algorithm in Water Distribution Systems Wang Lijuan, Zhang Hongwei and Jia Hui Advances in Intelligent and Soft Computing, 2012, Volume 114, Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering: Theory and Practice, Pages 459-465

Selection of practical methods for leaks detection in WDN [1]

EPANET model based leak detection

BURST DETECTION IN WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS VIA ACTIVE IDENTIFICATION PROCEDURE Piotr Skworcow and Bogumil Ulanicki Water Software Systems, De Montfort University, Leicester, UK

Water companies should restructuring water networks into smaller sub-networks known as District Metering Areas to simplify network definitions and implementation process Network skeletonisation
Database driven network structure SQL based model generation and data population for analysis

Determination of burst areas

The logical diagram is overlaid with maps showing areas where burst is suspected

Pinpointing an exact burst location

Series of simulations are performed with the leakage allocated to different nodes in the suspected burst areas Measurements form each simulation are compared and statistical analysis is carried out to pinpoint the exact burst location

Model based leak detection (commercial KYPIPE)

Determination of burst areas Pinpointing an exact burst location

Reminder: Trial network

All segments and branches have at least one meter Long distribution lines for fluid dynamics simulation (wave propagation)

Network structure: RDBMS

Base elements: nodes and links

Water networks components: initial data

Model based calculation results

MySQL for easier integration with Aquamet system Easy graph traversing and model input file generation

Planned implementation

EPANET extensions to be adapted

EPANET-RTX real time extension for the EPANET toolkit (http://openwateranalytics.github.com/epanet-rtx/)
hydraulic and water quality simulation functionality to include SCADA data acquisition and predictive forecasting capabilities migration to SmartMetering data source engine

EPACAD: AutoCAD to EPANet extension If network planing function is required: WaterNetGen should be migrated: generation of synthetic water distribution network models and its sizing based on simple heuristics. It also allows to perform least cost design, by using a Simulated Annealing algorithm, and pressure-driven analysis, a better suited approach to model pressure dependent consumption and leakage.

Network components definition

Components of the network:
Junction Reservoir Tank Pipe

Vertices are pipe splits used for better map fitting (visualization)

Pump Valve Meter

Future expansion
The basic water network components for future expansion in case of more dynamic networks containing active components like controlled valves, pumps etc. were implemented. If further research is continued, also water quality monitoring and modelling can be implemented and analyzed. This is useful not only for the current situation evaluation but also for future network expansion planning and water quality monitoring.

EPACAD, DXF2EPA, SVG adaption

One of the most common problems deals with the connection between pipes issues (due to the inaccuracy in the AUTOCAD files) Just add meter position and network parameters

Leak detectors
Pressure average value negative fluctuation leak detector
Averaging period (7 days) Negative fluctuation percentage (20%) Activation period (300s = 5min.)

Water consumption minimum flow leak detector

Minimum flow threshold (1) Idle flow monitoring start time (01:00) Idle flow monitoring end time (05:00) Non zero devices (separated by comma) devices where no idle night consumption rules apply Activation period (2 days)

Flow average positive fluctuation leak detector

Averaging period (7 days) Positive fluctuation percentage (15%) Activation period (3600s = 1h)
Pressure average value fluctuation leak detector
7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Pressure Averge Pressure drop threshold

Equipment idle detector

Idle time (24h) when no signal is received

Real-life leak simulation

Leak triggering simulation by opening fire hydrants Straight line of pressure fluctuations Branched position for complex pressure patterns

Leak type
Slow opening long term pressure changes Fast opening shockwave with short term pressure changes

Exact data extraction directly from database for the selected test duration
Test position nr.: 1 15.08.2013 10:40:00 - 11:20:00 Test position nr.: 2 15.08.2013 11:30:00 - 12:00:00
SELECT ( ( ( `readouts`.value -186 ) * `meters`.full_pressure_scale ) /744 ), `readouts`.when, `meters`.number FROM `readouts` LEFT JOIN meters ON `readouts`.meter_id = `meters`.id WHERE `readouts`.`when` < '2013:08:15 11:24:40' AND `readouts`.`when` > '2013:08:15 10:42:47' AND `programm_version` =12 LIMIT 0 , 30 SELECT ( ( ( `readouts`.value -186 ) * `meters`.full_pressure_scale ) /744 ), `readouts`.when, `meters`.number FROM `readouts` LEFT JOIN meters ON `readouts`.meter_id = `meters`.id WHERE `readouts`.`when` < '2013:08:15 11:43:01' AND `readouts`.`when` > '2013:08:15 10:55:03' AND `programm_version` =12 LIMIT 0 , 30

Test result examples

Sensor Row Labels 15.08.2013 11:09 15.08.2013 11:11 15.08.2013 11:16 15.08.2013 11:17 15.08.2013 11:18 15.08.2013 11:21 15.08.2013 11:23 15.08.2013 11:27 15.08.2013 11:29 Grand Total 000065 Average of Pressure 5,306451613 4,435483871 4,782258065 4,782258065 4,346774194 4,096774194 5,411290323 5,258064516 4,064516129 4,752971138 Sensor Row Labels 15.08.2013 10:57 15.08.2013 10:58 15.08.2013 11:02 15.08.2013 11:02 15.08.2013 11:04 15.08.2013 11:07 15.08.2013 11:09 Grand Total 00006A Average of Pressure 4,782258065 4,661290323 4,75 5,129032258 4,088709677 4,564516129 4,629032258 4,799193548

Additional alarm events

gateway_disconnect a gateway has stopped sending data for a period longer than defined meter_disconnect a meter has stopped to send data for a period longer than defined mail_action all gateways submit diagnostic information via SMTP, this is an event of message reception export_created triggers events when a monthly report of water consumption is generated and sent via e-mail pressure_leak - pressure average value negative fluctuation leak detector meters_leak - flow average positive fluctuation leak detector consumption_leak - water consumption minimum flow leak detector daily_limit, monthly_limit pressure_lower, pressure_upper

Leak detection filtering an alarm level increment

Leak priority type settings alarm level Resolve procedure clears generated errors Event filtering by type

Leak alarm calculation variable information for fine tuning/adaption, map location/visualization

Aquamon auto-update service

KTU data storage

document-oriented database stores structured data as JSON-like Automatic data splitting to documents with chunks (BSON) dynamic schemas Binary query results are streamed to client Indexing Geographically distributed Replication replica sets Custom metadata for any record Load balancing Store multiple versions of each File storage - GridFS file and specify the current
version of the file in the metadata

Easy to program

Questions?