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Figure 1: Antimicrobial Activity of C. sappan for Well diffusion method (50l/well) against various bacteria 12 10 Zone of inhibition 8 in millimeter 6 4
Chloroform Methanol Ethanol Acetone
2
Petroleum ether
Bacterial pathogen
Figure 2: Antimicrobial Activity of C. sappan for Well diffusion method (100l/well) against various bacteria. 15
Methanol
Zone of inhibition in millimeter
10
Ethanol Acetone
5
Chloroform Petroleum ethe
E. faecalis
Figure 3: Antimicrobial Activity of C. sappan for Disc diffusion method against various bacteria 10 8
Zone of 6 inhibition in millimeter
Phytochemical Analysis The different phytochemicals tests performed on the extracts of C. sappanleaves showed Table 2, the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, saponin, proteins, oxalic acid, carbonate, oil and fat, and absence of alkaloids, glycosides and sulphate also shows the presence of antimicrobial activity of the C. sappan.
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2. 3.
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + +
+ + + + + + + + + +
4.
5. 6. 7. 8. 9.
10.
11. 12.
TLC
Table 3: Rfvalues of various extracts of C. sappanleaves Rf value Ethanol : Glacial Acetic Acid:Formic Acid : water 7:0.5:0.5:1 Rf = 0.67 Rf = 0.90 Rf = 0.6 Rf= 0.95 Rf= 0.78 Rf = 0.82
TLC analysis also suggests the presence of different kinds of phytocompouds in leaves extract. Table 3 reports the Rfvalues for various extracts and plate 6 shows photographs of the studied TLC analyses. TLC analyses of plant extract in Methanol and Ethanol extracts reports two spots for various phytocompounds at the resolution value of Rf = 0.67, Rf = 0.90 for methanol extract and Rf = 0.6, Rf= 0.95 for ethanol extract. The reported spots are separated with enough space and having various Rfvalues showing the presence of at least one phytocompounds in Chloroform and acetone solvent extracts at the resolution of Rf= 0.78 and Rf = 0.82. CONCLUSION Though there are a number of antibiotic drugs available in the market, they may produce many side effects. In this study, it is found to be Methanol and Ethanol extract of leaves of CaesalpiniasappanL have high potency to act against the human pathogens. The different phytochemicals tests performed on the extracts of C.sappanleaves confirms the presence of flavonoids, phenolic compounds, tannins, saponin protein, oxalic acid, carbonate, and oil and fat also exhibited antimicrobial activity. The TLC analyses also confirmed the presence of active compounds in the crude extract of C. sappan. Thus, CaesalpiniasappanL could be used as an alternative source of production of antibiotic drug against the pathogens.
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