Social well being is an economic development, and any government that deems itself as caring will have perennial

headaches as it attempts to find appropriate strategies for meeting the needs of its citizens the question of meeting the basic human needs raises a lot of acrimony when its not tackled adequately by social workers and other relevant social welfare arena. At no other time in recent time history have the concept of social work being used as effective tool of realizing social and economic development .Its in this dilemma of energetically seeking for the proper intervention that social work profession has found its application in developmental projects. It is adjacent to this milieu that this paper discusses the objectives of Social workers in the problem solving process. In this paper social work needs have been discussed and in the same vein solutions to these social needs have been addressed. Social work is a professional and academic discipline that seeks to improve the quality of life and wellbeing of an individual, group, or community by intervening through research, policy, community organizing, direct practice, and teaching on behalf of those afflicted with poverty or any real or perceived social injustices and violations of their human rights. Research is often focused on areas such as human development, social policy, public administration, psychotherapy, program evaluation, and international and community development. The idea of need refers to the kinds of problem which people experience; requirements for some particular kind of response; and a relationship between problems and the responses available. A need is a claim for service. Bradshaw (2000:98) identifies four main categories of need: Normative need is need which is identified according to a norm (or set standard); such norms are generally set by experts. Benefit levels, for example, or standards of unfitness in houses, have to be determined according to some criterion. Comparative need concerns problems which emerge by comparison with others who are not in need. One of the most common uses of this approach has been the comparison of social problems in different areas in order to determine which areas are most deprived. Felt need is need which people feel - that is, need from the perspective of the people who have it.
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Expressed need is the need which they say they have. People can feel need which they do not express and they can express needs they do not feel. The social needs in Maslows hierarchy include such things as love, acceptance and belonging. At this level, the need for emotional relationships drives human behavior. Some of the things that satisfy this need include:

Friendships Romantic attachments Family Social groups Community groups Churches and religious organizations

In order to avoid problems such as loneliness, depression and anxiety, it is important for people to feel loved and accepted by other people. Personal relationships with friends, family and lovers play an important role, as does involvement in other groups that might include religious groups, sports teams, book clubs and other group activities. Physicians are frustrated by social issues that affect their patients' health -- so much so, that nearly three of four doctors surveyed by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation said they would write a prescription to cure them if they could. Eighty-five percent of primary care physicians and pediatricians say unmet social needs are directly leading to worse health for all Americans, according to the survey, which was released online Dec. 8, 2011. Yet, only 20% of doctors feel confident or very confident in their ability to address those needs. Unmet social needs could be any issue that is not under a doctor's direct control, and may or may not be under the patient's control. Many physicians say they want to prescribe nutritional food, exercise housing assistance and help with utility bills in an effort to improve their patients' health.
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For the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation survey, 1,000 primary care physicians and pediatricians were polled by Harris Interactive between Sept. 16 and Oct. 13, 2011. The survey found that 82% of physicians said patients frequently express health concerns caused by unmet social needs that are beyond their control as physicians. And 74% of doctors report that these unmet needs often prevent them from providing quality medical care. These unmet needs were reported as affecting patients of all income levels. "This should not be a big surprise. ... Primary care physicians aren't trained to address these issues," said Jane Lowe, PhD, a senior program officer at the foundation. She also is team director for the foundation's Vulnerable Populations Portfolio, which works to improve people's health by addressing their social needs.74% of doctors say patients' unmet social often impede care. Lowe added that physicians' limited time during office visits increases the challenge of resolving these matters (Latrids (1994). More than four in five doctors wish they were able to spend more time with their patients, but they say the current health care system makes that nearly impossible. For example, a common challenge among doctors is getting children's asthma under control, Lowe said. The problem often stems back to the youth's living situation, which can include mold growing in their residence and insecticides sprayed outside to control bugs. The issue is "not that physicians aren't doing a great job. But there are social factors that are impeding" their ability to control the condition, Lowe said. Social factors that doctors said have the most negative impact on their patients' health include a lack of education about how to make healthy decisions and a lack of motivation to follow through with the needed lifestyle changes, as well as inadequate access to mental health services and low household income, the survey shows. An estimated 60% of premature deaths in the United States are attributed to social circumstances, environmental exposure and behavior, according to the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's report on the survey findings. To help physicians better address patients' social needs, the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation said changes need to be made within the health care system. Such changes include covering the costs associated with connecting patients to the appropriate social services.
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60% of premature deaths in the U.S. are attributed to social circumstances, environmental exposure and behavior. Lowe encourages physicians to educate policymakers in their communities and states about the connection between social factors and health. There are steps that physicians can take to help patients address their social needs, said Saul J. Weiner, MD, senior associate dean for educational affairs at the University of Illinois at Chicago. He encourages primary care doctors to talk to all of their patients about barriers that might be keeping them from leading a healthier life and to determine whether there is anything they can do to help remedy the problem. Having such conversations does not extend the office visit, according to Dr. Weiner's study of 399 unannounced visits to 111 internists in Chicago and Milwaukee, published in the July 20, 2010, Annals of Internal Medicine. In the study, actors portrayed patients and followed scripts that contained hints of clinically significant biomedical issues, such as an asthma patient wheezing at night. Weiner (2011: 67) notes "The mistake is to think that social issues are never things physicians can help patients with," also an associate professor of medicine and pediatrics at the University of Illinois at Chicago. "Sometimes physicians can't do anything about [a person's unmet social needs], but sometimes they can. The only way for doctors to find out if they can help is to ask patients" what is going on, he said. Social work is a profession for those with a strong desire to help improve people's lives. Social workers assist people by helping them cope with issues in their everyday lives, deal with their relationships, and solve personal and family problems. Some social workers help clients who face a disability or a life-threatening disease or a social problem, such as inadequate housing, unemployment, or substance abuse. Social workers also assist families that have serious domestic conflicts, sometimes involving child or spousal abuse. Some social workers conduct research, advocate for improved services, engage in systems design or are involved in planning or policy development. Many social workers specialize in serving a particular population or working in a specific setting. Child, family, and school social workers provide social services and assistance to improve the social and psychological functioning of children and their families and to maximize the wellbeing of families and the academic functioning of children. They may assist single parents, arrange adoptions, or help find foster homes for neglected, abandoned, or abused children. Some specialize in services for senior citizens. These social workers may run support groups for the
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children of aging parents; advice elderly people or family members about housing, transportation, long-term care, and other services; and coordinate and monitor these services. Through employee assistance programs, social workers may help people cope with job-related pressures or with personal problems that affect the quality of their work. In schools, social workers often serve as the link between students' families and the school, working with parents, guardians, teachers, and other school officials to ensure students reach their academic and personal potential. In addition, they address problems such as misbehavior, truancy, and teenage pregnancy and advise teachers on how to cope with difficult students. Increasingly, school social workers teach workshops to entire classes (Macarov,1995). Child, family, and school social workers may also be known as child welfare social workers, family services social workers, child protective services social workers, occupational social workers, or gerontology social workers. They often work for individual and family services agencies, schools, or State or local governments. Medical and public health social workers provide psychosocial support to people, families, or vulnerable populations so they can cope with chronic, acute, or terminal illnesses, such as Alzheimer's disease, cancer, or AIDS. They also advise family caregivers, counsel patients, and help plan for patients' needs after discharge from hospitals. They may arrange for at-home services, such as meals-on-wheels or home care. Some work on interdisciplinary teams that evaluate certain kinds of patients-geriatric or organ transplant patients, for example. Medical and public health social workers may work for hospitals, nursing and personal care facilities, individual and family services agencies, or local governments. Mental health and substance abuse social workers assess and treat individuals with mental illness or substance abuse problems, including abuse of alcohol, tobacco, or other drugs. Such services include individual and group therapy, outreach, crisis intervention, social rehabilitation, and teaching skills needed for everyday living. They also may help plan for supportive services to ease clients' return to the community. Other types of social workers include social work administrators, planners and policymakers, who develop and implement programs to address issues such as child abuse, homelessness, substance abuse, poverty, and violence. These workers research and analyze policies, programs,
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and regulations. They identify social problems and suggest legislative and other solutions. They may help raise funds or write grants to support these programs. There are number of Jobs that the Government has given to foreign investors. This should be the old concept of development. Development should start by encouraging Zambian companies to develop its country by employing local resources. In Zambia we have all it takes to have strong economy in the world. All we need is for the Government to create this opportunity for everyone. In conclusion, Social work needs in Zambia calls for more visionaries to translate these challenges into creativity. It is an issue that should involve all stakeholders, the government, private sector, churches and traditional leaders. The role of the Government is to create an enabling environment for private and public partnership and encourage indigenous Zambians to access social services, land and financing.

References Bradshaw (2000:98) Social Needs in Zambia, London: McGraw Hill

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Latrids (1994) Social Policy- Institutional context of social and economical development . Belmont, Brooks, Core publishing inc. USA. Kabaso Sydney (2012) Social Work in Zambia, Ndola: Mission Press Macarov, D, (1995) Social welfare, London: Thousands wages

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