EGR 334 Thermodynamics: Homework 12

Problem 4: 1
An 8 cu ft tank contains air at an initial temperature of 80 deg F and initial pressure of 100 psi. The tank develops a
small hole and air leaks from the tank at a constant rate of 0.03 lb/s for 90 s until the pressure of the air remaining in
the tank is 30 psi. Employing the ideal gas model, determine the final temperature of the air remaining in the tank.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -----------------------------------------
V = 8 ft
3
State 1: T
1
= 80 F = 540 R p
1
= 100psi R = 0.06855 btu/lb
m
-R
State 2: p
2
= 30 psi
m
dot
= 0.03 lb/s for 90s.

mass balance:

sys
i e
dm
m m
dt
= 0.03
sys
dm dt =
0.03 0.03 ( 0.03 ) / (90 ) 2.7
f
o
m
sys m m
m
dm dt t lb s s lb = = = =
} }


2 1
2.7
m
m m lb =
energy balance:

i i e e
dE
Q W me m e
dt
= +

using the ideal gas law:

1 1 1 1
pV m RT =

2 3
2
1 1
1 2
1
(100 / )(8 )
144
4.00
(0.06855 / )(540 ) 778.17
f
m
f
lb in ft
pV Btu in
m lb
RT Btu lbm R R ft lb ft
= = =


Therefore:

2
4.00 2.7 1.3
m
m lb = =
Using the ideal gas law again

2 2 2 2
p V m RT =

2 3
2
2 2
2 2
2
(30 / )(8 )
144
498.4
(0.06855 / )(1.3 ) 778.17
f o
o
m f
lb in ft
p V Btu in
T R
Rm Btu lbm R lb ft lb ft
= = =


= 38.4
o
F
















EGR 334 Thermodynamics: Homework 12
Problem 4:6
The figure shows a mixing tank initially containing 3000 lb of liquid water. The tank is fitted with two inlet pipes,
one delivering hot water at a mass flow rate of 0.8 lb/s and the other delivering cold water at a mass flow rate of 1.3
lb/s. Water exits through a single exit pipe at a mass flow rate of 2.6 lb/s. Determine the amount of water in the
tank after1 hr.
------------------------------------------------------------------------------
i
m = 3000 lb
m
of H
2
O
1
m = 0.8 lb
m
/s
2
m = 1.3 lb
m
/s

3
m = 2.6 lb/s

Mass balance:

i e
dm
m m
dt
=



1 2 3
sys
dm
m m m
dt
= +

1 2 3
( )
sys
dm m m m dt = +

1
1 2 3
0
( )
f
i
m
t hr
sys
m t
dm m m m dt
=
=
= +
} }



1 2 3
( )
f i
m m m m m t = +


1 2 3
( )
f i
m m m m t m = + +


3600
(0.8 / 1.3 / 2.6 / )(1 ) 3000 1200
f f f f f f
s
m lb s lb s lb s hr lb lb
hr
= + + =





















EGR 334 Thermodynamics: Homework 12
Problem 4:11
As shown in the figure, air with volumetric flow rate of 15000 cu ft/min enters an air handling unit at 35 deg F, 1
atm. The air handling unit delivers air at 80 deg F, atm to a duct system with three branches consisting of two 26 in
diameter ducts and one 50 in duct. The velocity in each 26 in duct is 10 ft/s. Assuming ideal gas behavior for the
air, determine at steady state
a) the mass flow rate of air entering the air handling unit in lb/s.
b) the volumetric flow rate in each 26 in duct in cu. ft/min.
c) the velocity in the 50 in duct in ft/s.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Air: R = 0.06855 btu/lbm-R

State 1: p
1
= 1 atm
T
1
= 35 deg F= 495 R
V
1
dot = (AV)
1
= 15000 ft
3
/min

State 2, 3, and 4: p
2
=p
3
=p
4
= 1 atm
T
2
= T
3
=T
4
= 80 deg F.= 540 R
V
2
= V
3
= 10 ft/s

Assume Ideal Gas Law:

1 1 1 1
p V m RT =

as a rate equation

1 1 1 1
p V m RT =

1 1
1
1
p V
m
RT
=

2
3 2
1 2
14.7 /
(1 )(15000 / min) 1 144
1202 / min
(0.06855 / )(495 ) 778.17 1
f
m
m f
lb in
atm ft btu in
m lb
btu lb R R atm lb ft ft
= =


= 20 lb
m
/s
For state 2 and 3:

2 2
2
2 3
(26 )
531
4 4
d in
A A in
t t
= = = =

2
2 3
3 2 2 2 2
60
(531 )(10 / ) 2212.5 / min
144 1min
ft s
V V AV in ft s ft
in
= = = =

2
3 2
2 3 2
14.7 /
(1 )(2212.5 / min) 1 144
162.6 / min
(0.06855 / )(540 ) 778.17 1
f
m
m f
lb in
atm ft btu in
m m lb
btu lb R R atm lb ft ft
= = =


using the mass balance at steady state:

1 2 3 4
0 m m m m =

4 1 2 3
1202 162.6 126.6 876.8 / min
m
m m m m lb = = =

2
3 4 4
4 2 2
1
(876.8 / min)(0.06855 / )(540 ) 1 778.17 1
11932 / min
(1 ) 14.7 / 144
m m
f
lb btu lb R R m RT atm lbf ft ft
V ft
p atm lb in btu in

= = =



4 4
AV V =
3 2
4 4
4 2 2 2
4 4
4(11932 / min) 144
875 / min 14.6 /
(50 ) 1
4
V V ft in
V ft ft s
d A in ft t t
= = = = =


EGR 334 Thermodynamics: Homework 12
Problem 4:22
The figure shows a cylindrical tank being drained through a duct whose cross sectional area is 3 x 10
-4
m
2
. The
velocity of the water at the exit varies according to (2gz)
1/2
, where z is the water level in m, and g is the acceleration
of gravity, 9.81 m/s
2
. The tank initially contains 2500 kg of liquid water. Taking the density of the water as 10
3

kg/m
3
determine the time in minutes when the tank contains 900 kg of water.
---------------------------------------------------------------
A
e
= 0.0003 m
2

V
e
= (2gz)
1/2


m
i
= 2500 kg
= 1000kg/m
3

m
f
=900 kg


Mass flow balance:

sys
i e
dm
m m
dt
=
where
0
i
m =

3 2 2 1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
( ) (1000 / )(0.0003 )(2 9.81 / ) (1.329 / )
e e e
m AV kg m m m s z kg m s z = = =
Volume of Tank:

3 2
tan tan
( ) (1000 / )(1 ) (1000 / )
k k
m A z kg m m z kg m z = = =
for an initial mass of 2500 kg:

tank
3 2
tank
2500
2.5
(1000 / )(1 )
i
m kg
z m
A kg m m
= = =
for a final mass of 900 kg:

tank
3 2
tank
900
0.9
(1000 / )(1 )
f
m kg
z m
A kg m m
= = =
therefore:

sys
e
dm
m
dt
=

1/ 2 1/ 2
(1000 / )
(1.329 / )
d kg m z
kg m s z
dt
=

1/ 2
1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
1.329( / )
(0.001329 / )
1000 /
dz kg m s
z m s z
dt kg m

= =

0.9
1/ 2
1/ 2
2.5 0
1
(0.001329 / )
z t t
z t
dz m s dt
z
= =
= =
=
} }


0.9
1/ 2 1/ 2
2.5
2
(0.001329 / )( 0)
1
z
z
z m s t
=
=
( =

1/ 2 1/ 2 1/ 2
2 (0.9 ) (2.5 ) (0.001329 / ) m m m s t ( =



1/ 2
1/ 2
1.265
951.8 15.9min
0.001329 /
m
t s
m s

= = =