Am TRAIIS contest ~r ee- i ~i ght gas i ob from AT Apri l 1940 Fl y ing ZIPPY/Kochman . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Control l i ne semi-scale from AT 1951 Model Annual VOLUME 3/NUMBER 2 SUMMER/1979 I t should be noted that al l advertisements i n AIR TRAILS CLASSIC FLYING MODELS are vintage ads and not current advertisements for goods or Services. ED SCHNEPF Publisher MICHAEL O'LEARY Executive Editor RICHARD MILLER Managing Editor SEAN GREENWAY Associate Editor BOB RATNER Production Director RICHARD X. LANG Executive Art Director RICHARD GEHRUNG Graphics Director SVEN CARLSON Circulation Director JIM BUCHANAN Circulation Services DAN WHEDON Promotion Director JANET GRAHAM Subscriber Service PATRICK H. POTEGA Advertising Director 7950 Deering Avenue Canoga Park, California 91304 (213) 887-0550 KAREN R. LAMONTIA Advertising Coordinator NATIONALS FLYING SCALE WINNER/Hammer . . . . . . . . . Rubber scale Piper Cub. AT April 1940 PUSH-PULL/Schoenfeld . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Unique rubber contest model. AT August 1944 AIRHOPPER/Orzeck . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tow-line glider. AT.;anuary 1940 GRUMMAN XF4F-2/Dickinson . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Scale drawing of the first Wildcat BEECHCRAFT BONANZA/Thomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Solid scale from AT March 1947 TOWLINER "CU/Cleveland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sport glider. AT 1951 Model Annual YOU, TOO, CAN FLY U-CONTROL/Smith . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lessons On flying control line from AT 1951 Model Annual SKETCHBOOK/Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Helpful model hints from AT August 1950 PARLOR MIDGETIThomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . lndoor rubber model. AT 1951 Model Annual BATTLING BOXCAR/Struhl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Sport rubber model from AT 1951 Model Annual JERSEYETTE/Ehling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Free-flight or U-control Sport plane. AT October 1948 SECRETS OF SPEED/Becker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rubber speed model. AT September 1939 THE EXECUTIVE/Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Twin Jelex powered transport. AT 1952 Model Annual CONSOLIDATED B-36 BOMBER/Thomas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Solid model of 8-36. AT 1952 Model Annual JUNIOR JETS/Staff . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Simple jet models. AT 1952 Model Annual OLE SLIPPERY/Smith . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Semi-scale control line racer. AT 1952 Model Annual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . WORLD'S FASTEST MODEL/Temte & Thor Speedy jet from AT 1952 Model Annual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . MOSCA FLYING SCALEIThomas Famous Russian fighter. AT May 1942 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P-51 FLYING SCALE/Stahl WWll rubber scale fighter. AT June 1946 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . RADIO CONTROLLED FREE FLIGHT M O D E L / S t a f f How industry used giant R/C Jobs. AT July 1946 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . NATIONALS SENIOR FUSELAGE WINNER/Bailey 66 Contest rubber from AT May 1939 THE AMERICAN ZIPPER/Kahn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 69 Sport rubber model from AT May 1939 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . SELECTING YOUR GAS ENGINE/Polk 74 Gas engine line-up. AT May 1939 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . THE BOEING STRATOLINER/Dickenson 80 Scale view of protolype airliner. AT May 1939 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . THE NIGHTMARE/Brown & lrwin 82 Short-coupled gas control line. AT June 1942 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . BLUE RIBBON MODELS/Staff 86 Quickie ki t reviews from AT June 1952 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . GRUMMAN BEARCAT/Noonan 89 Scale Navy fighter. AT May 1946 OCEAN AIR LINER/Winter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93 Scale plans for Short flying boat. AT January 1937 RUMPLER TAUBE/Enticknap . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 96 Great WWI scale Job. AT October 1951 AI R TRAILS CLASSIC FLYING MODELS is pubiished quarterly by Challenge Publications, Inc., 7950 Deering Avenue. Canoga Park, California 91304. Copyright 01979 by Challenge Publications, Inc. Al l rights reserved on entire contents, nothing may be reprinted in whole or in Part without written permission from the publisher. Publisher assumes no responsibility for unsolicited material. All photos, manuscripts and artwork must be accompanied by slamped self-addressed return envelope. Subscription orders and changes of address should be sent to AIR TRAiLS CLASSIC FLYING MODELS, Subscription Dept., 7950 Deering Ave., Canoga Park, CA 91304. Allow at least 60 days for first copy of new subscription to be mailed, or for change of address. lnclude old address, as well as new, and address label from recent issue, i f possible. Subscription rates: one year subscription rate for U.S. $9.00; ai l other countries add $1.50 United States currency. Application to mail at second class postage rates i s pending at Canoga Park, California and at additional mailing oflices. Printed in U.S.A. Henry Struck's New Ruler British Rubber-powered Cham~ Nationals Flying Scale Winner Sectional News Photos Ernblsmatic of spring activity arnong model builders everywhers, we show Paul Karnow measuring Charles Elwsll's ship tor fliqht competition. prevent the covering from sticking t o thr inner frame. Ceinent the eockpit ruwl of sheet to tlie top longeroii. Stoistrn the outsicle of the wood slightly to avoid spiitting and bend i t over the formers. Glue the nose hulkhead of i/l,T plywmd in place an<l mount the bottom formers. In- sert the stringers of '/s X %". sight- ing frequently along their length to keep them free of "hooks" and "bel- lies." Cut the headrest sides fmm 3/M'' sheet halsa. Join the sides to a Vk'' shret top piece, first cementing tlie front seetion between the two miall hulkheads. When dry pul1 the rear together aiid tliere wiU be no. danger of the pieces springing apart. Shape the headrest t o the Cross sec- tion indicated on Plate I. After the headrest has been sanded smooth, ce- mrnt it to the tiirtleback. Fit a %'' .square fillet stringer at the bottom mrner, to provide a surface to which the covering can be attached. Ce- ment reinforcements of '/4" s hr d balsa inside the nose of the fuselage to Support the motor retainers formed of bieycle spokes. Use several coats of cement t o anclior them solidly. See Motor Retainer Detail, Plate I. The fuselage has now reached the stage shown in Fig. 11. Fill in the nose section of the fuse- lage with "/" sheet and carve t o fit the contour of the nose bulkhead. See Fuselage Section A-A. Install the hattery track guide bulkhead 11 of plytiood. See.Fuselage Sec- tion B-B. Smootli the entire frame with successively finer grades of sand- paper 10 remove any bumps that may spoil the appearaoce of the finislied joh. Form the wing hooks of ,049 piano wire and cernent them solidly to the pylon formers. The firselage is now ready for covering. Silk is recommeirded both for earc of appli- cation and durability. The entire bottom and both sides can he quickly mvered with one piece of silk. Cut a s t i p about SO'' wide and 1% yarcls loiig. Wet the silk thoroughly and spread it over the bottom of the fuselage. The wet material will stick to the frame and make it a simple matter t o work up each side, pulling out tlie wrinkles. When most of the wrinkles have been smoothed out, apply heavy dope over the silk along the center stringer, the edge of the nose hulkhead and the top beadiiig, to stick it in place. Before tlie dope is dry pul1 out any small wrinkles. Then apply two more coats of dop. wlien the fabric di es. because the dope does not stick too well to wet wnod. Cover the headrest and tiirtle- back in the sanie way, sticking tlie silk carefully t o the fillet stringer a t the bottom corner of the headrest. Now t o mver the pylon with silk. Cut a piece of silk of ample size, wet it and lay i t in place, spreading i t roughly into position. Apply dope over the frame hetween T-2 aiid T-8. Pull the silk t aut vertically, using pins t o hold it if necessnry. Then draw in each end, pulling lengthwise, aiid dope aiid pin the silk t o the out- line iii a similar manner. When tlie fabric and nood are quite dry apply several more mats of dope t o prevent the silk from springing loosr. and re- move the pins. Try t o piill the silk as eveiily as poiisible on eacli sirle t o aasure a symmetrical Cross section. But if one side ~loes Iiave l e s "hol- lau," thaii the other. a band of extra ooats of dope brushc~l oii leiigthwiw will iiicrease tlie curvatiire. Do not ~ ~ r m i t the silk t o stick to any of tlie pylon fori~iers or the coiitoiir of the filkt will be spoilecl. Apply thrrr or foirr mat s of clear dope 10 tlie Iahric, polishing betwecii eacli with 10 nouglit shown in Fig. 111. MOTOR UNlT CONSTRUCTION The motor bulkhead is a 3" square of Y8" plywood. Crment and hrad tlie motor hulklicad keys of f/a X 34" bass to the hulkhead. Trace the full-size motor mount blank onto ?/" sheet aluminum and ciit out with a jig, or jeweler's saw. Clamp tlie hlanks in a vise and file them to exact shape. Bend the hlanks over the rounded corner of a hardwwd block, hy tapping with a mallet, or a hardwcod hlock and a hanimer. Be sure to make one right and one left. Drill all the holes with the exception of the niotor bolt holes. Cut five 1%" long blanks from ,020 X sheet brass and bend fittings 'A' around a length of fi8" uxire. See Fitting 'A' 1)etail. Plate 111. Fomi the landing gear from W diamcter steel wire, measuring each bend t o assure regularity. Slide the fittings onto the landing gear. Attach Lhe landina S a r and - llie motor mounts to the hulklieads by V:,>" bolts. Form the coiipliiig of .019 piaiio wire and rlamp it to the bottarn pair 01 bolts by a couple of extra nuts. Use a flat washer arid a lock washer iiiicler each nut t o pre- vent tliem from looseniiig due t o vi- hration. I.ash the bat t ery, track t o the Y OUR Training at this Lincoln Govern- ment Approved School of Aviation does MORE than prepare you t o enter Aviation . . . it prepares you to PROGRESS ripht on up to the top. A recent Lincoln Graduate wrote us, "ln 3 months I have had 3 salary increases." And another Lincoln Graduate writes, "l've been with this coiiipany just 8 months and have been promoted 3 times." These are typical experiences of many who train here at Lincolii. LINCOLN TRAINING WILL PREPAREYOU FOR SUCCESS IN AVIATION Hvri, O i i 1'iiii Itrclliire for ;i I P*PUI I S~L>I P )>oaition nr . Av r c # ~ ~ a t t t b v : $ I Hnxilwer ur f ur ~ o u r GuVer#~n,ent I < i t t i n ~ ' * lli l'rivilt~ 01 Ct~lxlfrb?lciill Pi l <l t ~r A nodi 1 1 Arre ' i , i i ciin It , i i ri i tii liy t aut itiotl- er!, 4!,rpl;t~a*,s: t o o v ~ ~ r l ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ l t t l ~d rvbui l d airplantes . i ! i r i i i i r pl t t r ~c, riixiiiri. I, <. RIu : (i rcroft d~si en ond i . 1.rgr flri,t of mudrrii Training lt1:#ttvs 14 S I ~ ~ ~ i ~ ~ nl bd l . ~ ~ b ~ ~ r ~ l o ~ i ~ ~ . Elrsplliinal i i ~rarwnl l i ri for nmre Ll nrol i i I t l l n c r l Men. Part tl nl r sinlilu>nient for hurrii and rann r h i l e ln l ral ni nr. Our Jludcml Plire!nrnf Depsrlmenl isrl3Li Ori durl rr Ln l&i<lnp poi t l eni . um11 Ci u r n T e l u 1.7 C.m.i.10 1nf or r t i . n. 174 Aircratt Building. Lincoln. Nmbraaka If 1.11i Hoiu 1 sa~iie.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ar e. . ........ I Lincoln Tr ai n, ,or I .\""'C" I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~viprien. 1 SL.l* I . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ci- ------ ------ J cement a block of bilsa, Iiollowed out to fit the coil, on top of the joint. This unit is extremely flexible and absorbs shock and vibratioii well. C'lamp the tinier to the battery track hy tlie remaiiiing pair of fittings 'A.' Construct a battery box of '/s" slieet and mount ,034" piano-wire springs coiipliiig with plenG of thread and at each end. See Battery Box Detail, Plate 111. 4 pair of Y'/z'' air wlieels are held on the axles by wasliers sol- dered oii either side. Slip the motor iii~it into the fuse- lage aiid clamp it i i i place by tighten- ing down a pair of bicycle spoke n i p ples on tlie projecting spokes. An upright Brown B engine was rnounted in the original but any other similar- size motor niay he used Iiy drilliiig the mouiiting holes to suit. Drill oiie liole and set the eiigine in place, ad- justing tlie tlirust line iintil it is not offset iii any way. Then drill tlie re- maiiiing Iioles and complete installa- tion. Reiiiove the motor unit and install tlie wiring. The ignition syst ep slio~vii oii Plate 111 will operate on baixters eveii when the timer is I s 2 2 WSTPAI 18 lncn KIT SCALL WODEL U. 8. SUBMARIIII r 'AMAZING NEW LlNE OF 1 LOW-PRICE GAS MODELS READY! I WML BE RELEASEDT0 DULERS IN 20 MY S Watch This Column Next Month I ~ a r i n ~ t r i r i f r I h < b tlie Held (.as mai el n wl i l r cl i l l fror~i $1 01) UD riet .41mraft ind yci mvre f ui )our rnonw. AIRCRAn, MI24 Eiston Are, euga, UL T HE NEW BANT AMS ARE HERE! ,,~];p,' ,~;;~ t h ; l VO~t ~t B~$ g $ The National Champion of "Class A" &&'e;,Ji< 10- , 111 b;it t he lmreeat ul Cli~ss H rnotors niid ii nnutar destinrd t u sliruxh oll Closs A rwurda duriig I ! l 4u. L<: x~~crt >; Iiiive rndurrcil i t without qiinli- ncntion noil Iis\.~ ~ t i i t "rash U, tiic linr" 10 he mneug tlw timt t o ~ b t z l n onr uf iliese nvw i l ~ i r ~ t l e UIO~OIB. PoU'II 1Inve t u liave one to eumpete In Clnaa A. Order sour.* t<silnp. I MlNlATURE MOTORS COMPANY, INC. ( switclied off. One laoster lead is 361 n,cn nun-, M. J. clippe<l t o a trrniinal exknded f mn I I Now onl3 '4" Over 7.000 GHQ Gas Engine Kits were sold at $8.50: Over 15,000 sold last year. Now is your chance t o buy the New Improvod Ki t for $495. Absoliitely complete with coil, plug. gas tank, etc. Send only $1. Shipped Express Collect for balance Same day. the coil and the, other grouiitled. Tlie motor and nose bulklieads sliould be eitlier ~loped generoii~ly or var- nished to protect them from tlie ef- ferts of oil and gas. Sext rnonth the wiiig anil tail con- strurtion will be detailed. IYiitil tlien (loii't get so impatient t hat you start the niotor and enter the fuselage in a midget aut o race! BILL OF MATERIALS (For fuselage and motor unit) All s t np balsa shoiild bu hard and straight grained. ,411 sheet bahn shoiild be light nnd qiinrter groiiir(1. 6 W sq. x 48'' Longeroiis 7 X f/4 X 48" stringers G L/ l o X ?,! X 36" stringers 2 l/'" sq. X 36" stringers G I/ X !& X 36" beacling 3 X 3 x 36" biilklieads, pglori flmr 1 V,,; x 3 x 36" pylon top, headrest 1 '/4 X 3 X 36" pylon formers. head- rest. sternpost I l/; X 9 X G" plyanod nose bulk- Iie;id antl Oattery track giiicle 1 X 1 X 16" ply\\.~<wl biittc.rg track I 'C X 3 x 3" pIg\ vml niotor bi ~l k- Iieatl 1 '/4 x 3q x G" hass niotoi. t>iilktir;i<l keys 1 l / l F X 3 X G" sheet altiniiiii~nl nio- tor nioiints 1 .020 X L/2 X 8" >tri[> bra5. fittiiig.: 1 "C" diain. Y 30" steel \i-irc Iaiiiliri,v gear 1 .O49" iliain. X 12" piaiiit nirc iriiig Iicwks aiid coiipling 1 ,034" cliani. x 18" pianci i r i i . 1 bat- tery springs an<+ tnil nliirl fltrk 19 :'/I?" holtr. 1-? 1w.k \ia-licr-. I S brass n-ashers '? hicgcle slw>ker i1111tc1r rct;iiiir,i.- 1v2 yards silk '/2 piiit ~ a c h of criiiriit aiid rlitlr, 1 [mir of airwheela. i.iiziiit~. viiil. < ~ I I I - (Irii.wr, tiiiier What's Your All Pom F1nish.d o d Gmaraar..d. Wo M.cbrlcol Kmwl + e Roquird. All Mochimieg D w . 1/5 Horupowu For Model times. hais. Mi&.( Can. META1 COVERED MODEL AIRPLANES I I I Bul l d "Real P1,m.i i n Mlnlature" wl l h Bhmt . IYIIIUI cever ~n~. Th*. ilunlnum rarirrd 11.d11' h. . . . b.."llf"I l",trn"< nnl l h ."d .m ierr dass 10 build. Th. ki t r cent ai n ererrthlno 1. n l i l h thlw rnodeli ai i h o r n i n @hol a l r i l h e x ml l llquld~. 1 I B11.lli0" .f I*", -edel,. 13- CURTl BS HAWK 75-A . . .. ..... 11.50 lr CONSOLI OATEO PB2A . . . . . .. 7% 1 BELL P 3 1 PURSUI T . . 5 0 e 1 ) T I ORTHROP A- I 7 A . . . .. . . .. . 4& 11 d.dw -'I surrIr rau Order diroit. Imlud. I & P S I ~ I O r l l h Ut h kll. 1 C i! MODEL AIRPLANE CO. 1819 S Smauldinm chieaoa. 111. - DEALERS! I Answer The Seversky P-35 iises 0f the ' ~iafier Jr ' d u h m1 1) Ill~.na).d Ho% -1-3c pratt & wh1tney taln-row wasp bought from Dana DarlingP C; > 1 1 The drawinas of the ship appear in Iiarnburg* Average owombly iime 30 m1i.t.r OWLY A SCREW DRlVER WEEDED D.al.ri W- I &kQ. IOTOIS4OT bl &t, New 1 1 the 1939-40--issue of Air PrD&ss. Answer: The date aiid l u <,f L ' -1 t.. ' W c ~ p r h r n . - I' d bY 1-dmn mnt-l the National Soaring Contect ha. s . . - ,d "X"" huddm . . . All * h n d a d -8- 07 On . , .,id to inuiulir+urin and dal cra. . . . Smd Que~tirm: I uordd like to know Questia: W d d you p l r m teil ~ t ~ i i i i i i r eal pronts on gns arid rubber paw- what typr of agke is wed on the me if the Eleventh Notlnnal Smr i ny : : , ~~pi <' ; r ) ~, ~~, e~~~ ,"~ll~ps, Send atamp Ior Se.iit.rsky P-35 and whme I moy ob- Contest will be held at Elmira .V 1' tain a drawing of it. J . P., River- or at Frankfort, Mich P 4130 t l u. ad- WATEROURY MOW BUlLDLRS SUPM Co. 119 C HE R R Y 81.. WATERBURY. CONY. side. Cal. dress ot Jermne Gordon. aavi c , r r r i r r bern annoiinced as Let h\ ihr %rar i . U,?. *,,d Ur- OW BOY! WHRT R Rn! ' CONSTRUCT AND FLY D- MI mquiir i n Y- I Perl te .i%emblr. BYild 1h0 *"*< mnd Iha mQrt l ul l y dalailed nulhrntie ( I r i ni ualo madole orn i ndur d! 1 1 GA MOTORS 1/5 H.?. I BOY SI MARE rouu owm r 5. n I I I M I 6 H l Y I I O 6 E T I7.Y I I ~ H T Y MARIIEII0.B 6 WI N AERO. . .. #.Y S P EEOWAY . . . 11.- F1118HED I O T O R I 1 I BYMCRO ACE FORSTER B" $17 n SPECI AL 1 @ U G I A T ATOM 7 U nrLuoNT I ZSO Hl H SPEED I275 BADT AI H U S K Y V1 1250 DROWN 0 n ' n 1a m D E I I I Y I I T E OHLSSON D" I4 W AI RBT RE AI 15- OK SPECI AL 12- I I I I E O I A T E DELI VERY I I QU&WW Could you trll me whele the Glenn L. Martin Co. W locatedP 0. P. P.. Ashhnd, Ca. Answer: I t is located in Balti- more, Md. Queztion. I have heard it men- tioned that Lindbergh and a number of early t r a~at l ant i c piers wed an earth inductor wm,pass to navigate by. Whut kind of compass W thut? C. R. .4., Chicago, IU. Answer: An earth inductor com- pass is a dimtion indicator which de- pends nn a field of an electric gen- erator instead of enrth magnetkm. The generator brushes are manually set for a given course by a controller so that as long as the airplane stays on its course no current is generated and the galvanometer loeated on the dashboard reads Zero. Deviation from the course will cause the needle ot the galvanometer t o swing right or left. indicating the direction in which the ship is ofl its course. Question: I am serioudy thinking of designing and buiuilding a amuil sinple-ploce biplam. I have stwiied oircraft design and Pying and have my oum i deu. Can you help me out? Ii. B., L a d e , Cd. Answer: We reaiiy do not know how we can help you out on this. A number of ships have been designed by individuals for their own private use and turned out all right, und a numbeq of them were utter failures. It is quite a gamble to take, unless you are an nircraft engineer. . . ing Snciety of Ainerica. .I< . w, n as it is we'll publish it in thr plid- ing and soarinp department \Vr iiu not know tlie address of Jeronie Gor- doii. Write for his addr r s to the Snnring Cociety of .inierira. Inr 1909 Massachiisetts Ave. \Vashing- ton, D. C. Questilm: Could I obtain plam on how to b d d a lowuing tiro-plocr tunda mnnplane which uwdd be equipped with a Ford 1.4 mgine of either 60 DT 85 h.p.9 Wodd i t be possible to get in touch in'th some boys who have sucaavfully buiit ond poum h d e Uhut ore the requirementa needed to obtoin an A. T. C. for the mnnwfocture of air- planes? J , G., Leuiston, Me. Answer: Sorry, but a e do not know where you can obtain plans for the ship mentioned. Write to thr Oregon Pilots' Association, Portland. Ore. A number of its members have built and flown their own ships. In order to g ~ t an A. T. C. you must file in duplicate with the Civil Aeronau- tics Authority, Washington, D. C , detailed drawings und technical data of the ship which you have built. Write to the C. A. A. for their Bul- letin #04 called "Airplane Airworthi- ness." Question. I would Like to k>um where I can s mr e plam ~ D T a Pyinq Flee ship. S. K., P u a d m, Cal. Answer: We do not know where you can get plans for this ship. but maybe someone who has a set will see this item und get in touch with you. .sQY W H W., 261 RFiH AVE., llEW VOR! EliV YOUR LICENSE r i ml i ni mrcbanle' i hme-itudr - u m ll.15. E n u b :ELtmZD "cEi.lY:II:~E~'~!istE:"~ti; lnl-cr, vi d i munt i dlapaai. Hclvi l a u tmrncocbmi- i r ui ,om mc h i n i ' i rau s i Pllol'i Llcaiiu " Sn pi .I 11. Nm Yn h WorY', Fir" MEYER ENGINEERING. ~em%iPdJix T. RUBBER & GAS MODELS PIOMEER l WORLD WAR l MODERN SCALE l COMTEST l CXPUI MLWTAL - - -- 24 p u r Lid 10 eent. L L 1 0 YE S C O . P. O. B. 31. W. ~. Brl ohbl . 8. I . . Y. Y. YOU H- iboUt try1nm RUBBER ci enuho W 8ps1.1 FANS ~ m r n Ri1bb.r I F,, ,L en,;= r::~r"~,,"."dlC";;"L;y"a;;pI: CUT WlNG PLAN BETWEEN THESE TWO RlBS-\ SiRONCER, REWTORCED MI NWURE CELLULOID MOTOR pururi 1% 4 2 INCM- TME FALCON CLASS . . . . . . . . . A znaab.mChw4"- The aristocrat of gaa models. Depend- able, Rugged, and Nuit in appearann. Mount your clase A motor in the F AL CON, suin it up end be thriUed at its take &. climb. end milplane glide. With the FALCON'S simplified mono- coque and sheet balsa covered devator co~vuct i on it is practicauy indestruct- iblc. Other featlreri are: Easy accessi- biliiy to motor and ignition, and a wing r h i c h will slide in event of collision with irea. n c . KIT conbims 1 Full Sire plan 2 Printed bal u 8hesti 3 Balsa blocks and mtrip8 4 1 W lheet bal u 5 I Y 8h& b 8 l u 6 Bert Iandinp pcar wlm 7 Ccrnent 8 CIear Dom 9 Copper s c r n n 10 Celluloid 11 Bimboo piper 12 J ~ P . tlmwe 13 6.8. wood 14 Al umi num I5 FlNlSHED PROP. 82.50 l e r wheei8, 82.81) With Air Wheeli I u c i % tor pomtaw (maien wiite) Nationals Flyini Sesle Winner l 1 L Iii in;il,iiig tlie laiirliiig grar atrot. t]i<* f<illouiiir inetho(f dioiil<l 1)e ubed: Heiicl tlir Ll i a l wd p r t f i i t , and lirii<l 111 tliv iil,lxr eii(1~. Insrrt thehe iiplwr cii<I- iiito tlir sliort Iriigths of tiihiiig oii tlie fiihelage. ;tii<l hiiild 111) a tiiaiiglr of I)al\a to fit irisiile tlir stiiit. Aftrr eriiieiiliiig \iell. tlir htrut slioiild Iw <.ovrrrd H it li silk. Ilall~wii- type whrels alioiilil I>r i i w l lor rnaxi- nioni 5horli-ahhorl~iiig <lualitirs. hiil tlie laiiding grar (.an takc an? shocks I>y usiiig t hr riibber haiicl spreaclrr i i i tlie centir. Tlic i!ari<l >tioiil<l con- cist of a h i i t fivr sniall I<w>l>s of 1/ , 2" riil>h<.r inserted iii the hooked end of raeh axlr bar an11 paas<l throogh the V btriit tliat bas its rii(ls rrmeiitril to tlir bide fuselage loiigeroris. Tlie axle Onr slioul<l he I>eiit at the t i p to re- tain the wlierl, hut a neater appear- arire can Ije had by soldrririg a warlier iii place. An ordinary hushing ic ce- nienteil or wlilered in plaee oii the otlier side of the n,heel. The nose block shoul(l I r <:arve<l oiit of a small hard Ilalsa I>lo<k. arid tlie cylinder (letails added. The cylinders are merely "/" (loaels wrai>pe<l with thread. ai i dt he cylindcr hei.ad is L/l,," sheet balsa eut to tbe shape shonn in tlie side view of the fuselage and cov- rred with lengths of thread arranged horieontally. The engine, gas gauge. and air iiitake tiihe should he a<ldeil only after the fuselage has been (loped. ~ l i e details are all black, and sliould be ceniented in place after tliey Iiave been color-dope>e<l. The n < w pliig should be a snog fit so that it dwsn' t drop out of ~i l ace in fliglit due t o a slack iirotor. Tlie ruhbrr ttnsioner may or iiiay not be used, accortling t o the weight of the fin- ished model. If the model is t w light tvtien weighr~l with the motor, prop ancl all the parts assembled, a tensioner device should be added so t hat a langer niotor can be u.ud t o I~riiig tlir iiio~lrl 111) to weight rille. S o iii~tri~ctioiis \vill IR given con- i~riiiiiip tlic coiiti.iirtloii ol tlie tail \iirf;ir(~i. a.. tliey Sire of siiiiple flat coii<triictioii. iitiliziiig ?IX" sheet oiit- liiic. aiicl l ~ ' ' tjy l/l!y ribs an<I spars. >I<iat of tlir \\ing is giveii fiiII size, i i i i i l ; i II tliat is iirci.s.ury t o eoiiil>lete it is to riit tlie plaii at the proper 1)l;irr aii<l scparnte tlie tivo parls un- lil tliv spaer I)rt\\.~.rii tlie iiirieririost ri11n of caeli seetioii is (3". Thih bpare ahoiil<l .In, (livi<lril iiito six spaces of c;irli. roiii)>lt~tiiil: ttie layout of tlir eiitirv Ieft \\iiig 11aiic.l. Note t hat tlir <*nil of tbv wiiig spar is tappred, slloiiiiig tlie tip ~>ortioii to l>e huilt a t a >light <lilir<lral angle. If it i > iiot iieressary to reniove the \\iiig wheii traiisportiiig the model, the wing ran be cemrntecl in place prrniaiiently arid the wiiig struts ce- nicntrd iii plnrr also. If the \ving is to he rnadr reniovable, the wing struts should liave a tubiiig and wire arrangenient wherehy tlrey may be slipl>ed iiito place for flyiiig and slid off when the md e l is ready to he ~)aclie<l awtiy. ' rhe motor shoiild not have any slack if the model conies up to weight rule d i e n ahxnible<l, as a tiglit niotor has niuch niore power tliaii a loose one. If the mwlel is t w light. the rubber tensiciner device hhould be iix(1. 011 the original, it was neeessary to add 8" of slack ruh- I>rr to hnng it up to weight riile. 4 miall anioiint of clay was placetl in tlie nose also, as tlie wing coulil not hr nioved for adjiistriieiits. A inotor coiisi.,ting of sixteen st rai i ~l s of H" *houl<l give this nioclel enougli pep to get it iipstairn in a hurry. A free- \\,heeliii:: of tlie tiaranii type shoul<l he useil tu extriiii tlie glick to the best angle pssi bl e. The Cub shoiild l>e a<ljuste(l to fly in right circles un- der power ancl in the glide. Well. your nioclel is finidied, so-happy laiidings! JASCO : h : E v &~ e ~ ~ ~ e . P r ~ d ~ d ~ : " a n d " d n ~ ~ ~ r.tiaf.rtion. b n l nilhti i nd hovrl ol ny1r.l lun. Quote. "-0 mo b n 01 bioksn rubbsi 10 rom r r v l whan nrlni t ha 'Tharnle' '' . . . . . . . . . . . -. . . . . ( Sol e 16, ' : I *" I,uilir3 I dd 1/16 iriridenre wder ui nx h,r s l i i ~ n,ina I.rerrni *Ins ahiftnnp i n hi xh s i i >i l $ uilli r l i n ~ Ihrnuzh l *l ri n(l $0 hiani r,ri.p~rinx nia ruful ogi i e lrnd i par l i l rar ~ a u r p00y JllNlORAERONAiiCAL SLIPPUBCO. 100 Fast 10t h Slrist Nm Y* * , M. Y . * WHOLESALE-RETAIL * * ;4II mwlel supplies lowest * C ~r i c r s , Iiiglieat quality. Send * or catalog an<! price list. * STAR HOBBIES L:'"? * ~tE% SKY CHIEF A Sensatianal. N e r Type. Z-cycle Airplane Motor Designed f ar Maximum Operation in Airplane, Marine. a n d Racer Models. Block- +-.+-ri snrl Ah=nl i i t el v Giiaranteed to Run! TEE GRUMMAAI XF4F-2 MIDWINO By Marti n E. Di cki nson 23 Editor's Note-The XF4F-2 was modified after test flightr. Chsnges included more squarish wing tips and extremely l arge spinner. METAL PROPELLER POSITION LICHT YOU, TOO. CAN FLY U-CONTROL Horizontal tail area should be about 25% of the wing area and the elevator about lh of this area as pre- viously mentioned. Vertical location of the bellcrank in the fuselage affects the stability and control of the model and its lo- cation should be close to the line of resistance of the model. Since the actual position of the line of re- sistance can only be approximated, suffice it to say that a good compact grouping of all forces will result in good stability. The ideal set-up is a mid-wing model with thrust line, chord line, center of gravity, pivot point all on one horizontal line. In high-wing models the bell-crank location should be between the thrust line and the chord line. In low-wing models the Same general rule holds except the bellcrank will be below the thrust line usually. The question of power is next on the list. Control-line models always need plenty of power. If your model is fairly heavy you're going to need lots of power. Power creates the centrifugal force that keeps the model out on the end of those wires where you want it. If you try to fly in a good breeze with ap under- powered model your troubles will multiply like rabbits, but with more power the Same ship can bat right through with little difficulty. The power you can get out of the engine directly depends on the pro- peller. Most engine manufacturers give recommended propeller sizes for control-line flying with their engine. You will find the propeller is always of smaller diameter and greater pitch than that needed for free-flight. Some experimenting with slightly different diameters and pitches will soon show you which propeller suits your engine and model combination. Control wires should always be kept free of kinks and twists-unroll and roll them up carefully. Keep them clean and free from rust. The control handle should be marked in some way so that you will know which end is attached to your "up" wire. She wooden type with heavy flexible steel cable is good p'rovided that tight connection is made when the loop is formed in the ends of the cable. Large fishline connectors are good for joining handle to control wires and control wires to plane leads. Provision is made on most commercial handles for . adjustment to equalize line length. This is important and, should be checked carefully with lines at- tached to the model. Adjust handle lead until a vertical position of the handle gives a neutral elevator posi- tion. Have a little tension on the wires when doing this. So far we've only been going to ground-school, but have patience, we're going out and fly in a little bit. Before we do, however, one more point must be emphasized. If all the troubles with gas model flying were laid end to end they would add up to one thing-soldering. So do a good soldering job on the ignition System and have some fresh bat- teries handy when you go out to fly. If you are using a diese1 type engine or the glow plug set-up, spend some time familiarizing yourself with the proper throttle settings and choking necessary bejore flyihg. Yopr best bet for first-time flying is a gentle breeze, so pick a day with calm air. Because the wind tends to drift t he model inward in the up- ('OSTROL Ll SE DERIGS PACTORH Winp Ludi np (02. psr 100 84. in.) Rliort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 - ~ ? 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ~t i i i i t & 12 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Speed 20-($0 + Power Loadinp (W. pr r eu. in.) ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Swr t .'. .1W-80 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Stunt 8tI-il) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hneed . d H i O Aspact Ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spnil 6 : l sruilt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . X:l . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Swe<l Z:1 Airfoils (Tyoi oi l ) Spart . . . . . . Ll l ti i i g. Clsrk Y. Clsrk Y 00% Siiiilt . . . . . .Sy~umetricsl 12-1.i70 Llilcknssa Si)ee<l.. . . . . . . . SAi : A 2412. tliiu wllli sharu Itndlnn edge T i i l Yomsnt Arm Rwrl.. . . . ..average ulmut 50% of r l i i g spsn Htiini . . . . . . . .short, under 505; Speed.. . . . . . .lang, s l lqnst eyiial to span Tai l Surf#e i nd Elsvatw Area Sport.. . . . . . . total 25% wlnc area.. . . . . . . . elevator. Zj-40%. lolal Stiiiit.. ...... .total 25% wlna sreu.. . . . . . . . . elerator. 40-505 f o l ~ l Surrd ........ .tolafP12,5aa i i i ns sres.. . . . . . . . . 15% total . Flgurea Kiven herr are not aL>si>li!te but reurcnenl rverage raliies t hi t ran srrve as ml e of tlidmh" deslgn hasls. wind side of the circle, control can be lost because the lines will go slack. When the model gets around to the down-wind side, the wind will tend to blow it outward, in- creasing the line tension which only aids in controlling. You can see that one of the cardinal points to remem- ber when flying in any amount of wind is to guard against slack lines. Always be ready to step back. You can See the lines begin to go slack between you and the model. In preparing to fly always remem- ber to set up so that your model will make a down-wind take-off. When the plane starts rolling along the ground there isn't sufficient centrif- ugal force acting to maintain line tension, but the wind makes a good substitute and the flyer can help also by easing back on the lines t o maintain the tension needed for gooa control. When flying in a fresh wind, take-off point should be moved around - farther onto the downwind side of the circle to prevent the wind from nosing-up the model immedi- ately after release. Make a pre-flight check of your model and wires prior to flying when everything is ready to go. Check wires for proper up-and-down con- nection and control freedom. Sep- arate lines and check for kinks. Check model for tab adjustments- if any. Have good batteries in plane, use boosters for starting. Start en- gine and adjust for steady power; most engines need to be left a little rich on the .ground since they heat up when running in the air and then lean out to steady power. Get set with the control handle, see that wires are clear of the ground, give helper signal to release model only when you are ready. For av- erage ground surfaces a tail-low take-off is the safest. Up elevator is used from start of the roll and the model will leave the ground in a three-point attitude and start to climb. Once airborne and as climb is increasing, care must be taken to prevent a stall. The controls should be neutralized smoothly to prevent this. Right here is the toughest spot of all for a first-time flyer. The tendenry to over-control nearly al- ways results in some pretty hectic Zooms and dives until t he flyer can feel his control response and judge the amount of control necessary. Once settled down, however, no difficulty should be experienced, and the flyer should concentrate on level flying, always bearing in mind the wind and line tension. Always be ready to step back to get t he slack out of the lines. In addition to drifting the inodel, the wind will also cause the model to balloon on the up-wind side of the circle and lose altitude on the down-wind side. Here again the flyer must anticipate the wind and compensate for it as the model flies around the circle. When the fuel is running low most engines pick up speed or miss, so right then prepare to land as soon as the engine quits. Do not t ry to clirnb but rather fly level and when t he engine does cut, drop the nose slightly and start into a glide. If there is wind you will have to be ready to maintain 1in.e tension as the model slows down if it is on the up-wind side of circle. When close to the ground, smoot,hly round-out t he glide with up elevator until the model touches down. sketchbook % , HAVE YOU DEVELOPED SOMETHING NEU excev \ IN CONSTRUCTION. CONTROL. 01 FLYING THAT MlOHT INTEREST OTHER MODELERS? SEND A ROUGH SKETCLWL'LL REDRAW IT AND PAY S2 COR U C H ONE ACCEPTED GRAIN VERTICAL 1 PROPELLER BLOCK - - - I _ - - - - --.-- ------L- SPLICE SHEE 1/32'' . ~HEET BALSA C EMENT soft balsa sheets edge to edge and trace full-size patterns. After trimming to outline, sand smoothly and thin the tips and trailing edges, rounding entering edges. Center line is scored, one half propped up and ce- mented for dihedral. Later, add motor stick, lower skid and rudder. Soft prop block is trirnmed to outlines, carved and sanded. Check balance then add shaft (all wire parts bent from steel straight pins); cement thrust bearing and rear hook to body. Install prop with washer and one loop, Y8 in. flat T-56 rubber for a starter. Smooth glide may require nose ballast, slight Warp of tips and tail. -H. A. THOMAS 34 control elevator. The control iiiechanisiii is added to the ship in conventional iixinner with the bellcrank niounted oii platform directly at the ceiiter of gravity. Aiiy of the standard niethods inay be incorporated to cut off the glow plug or diesel engine. Shown is the D-E fuel ciit-off niounted witli an Austin tiiiier. The same landing gear is used for all types of flying by U-contiol or- f ree-fiight f roiii land or snow. The slight change for float Comes with the substitution of brace C in place of B. Wire C is placed directly below the rear wing strut. Landing gear wires should be bound to fuselage Cross mernbers and longeroiis with heavy thread, then given a liberal coating of cenient. Mr. Eliling's first Jerseyette was lmwered by an Arden .I99 engine equipyed with a D-E variable com- pressioii diesel head. Ariioiig the many engine, u hich can fit this simple ship are the Ohlsson & Rice 111 ur .23, the Torpedo, Ardeii .099 or .199, the Mite. kni e . Tlior, Huzz, or Bantaiii-to inention a few. I h e smaller engines would be for, sport-type free flying. the larger oiies nientioned are suitahle for either free- flight or control-line work. The size of tlie cowling will be dictated by the type of eiigine selected as indicated on the plans. The cowl- ing iiiay be carved froin a single block of soft balsa of siifficient size, or it can be built up from slalbs of F ; ' ' thick sheet balsa i f the modeler so desires. In either c-ase, a cowling will add iiiuch to the appearance of your Jerseyette arid will provide protectioii to the power plant iii event of crashes. 1 2-5/ 16' ' ~1 32" 64" EXCEPT FOR ENCI RCLED MEASUREMENT WHICli SHOULD BE 3-1/16. FOR 561 B FLOAT BRACE 'C BEFORE BENDING 25/ 32. ' - . 6 . i / 2 . -+ SOLOER A WASHER O N BOr H Si DES OF A X L E T Q R E T l l N I H E WH E C L S 318' ' SOUARES . . d . . F U L L
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The configuration of Mr. Butter's Dyna-Jet powered record holding model reprewntr one of i wo prsvailing schools of thought on the design of i et rpeed jobs. One groop favors the stumpy fuselage with fuel tank carved inside the "hul ." The other favors the Iong. t apered nose t ype of model represeiited by Bunting's rhi p below. Record is currently held by Butter-type. Harol d Bunting's "Super Squirt" is a reiinement of his original record-set- t i ng Dyna-Jet powered speed model which racked up its national record back when j et i were iust beginning t o get established. This one shown here weighed I 9 01. without fuel, al l surfaces set a t Zero. Tank capaci t y 2.25 02.; engine powers rnodel for 16 laps bef or l tank runs dry. Maximum wi dth 1.3 in. Junior Jets i The "minimum" airplane has always been the quest of the jet speed designer. Since it is pretty generally believed the Dyna-Jet en- gine would fly itself around the circle very nicely with the addition of some small stabi- lizing vanes, jet model surfaces have been chopped down, down, down. Single wing, Single stab jobs have been attempted, but without much success. Dollies have pretty much disappeared from the Scene. All the jet speedster asks is a smooth circle from which he can skid his model ob into the air. Vari- ations in design trends are illustrated by the two record-holding models. Some not so con- ventional ideas on construction are below. Since the i ntroducti on of the DynaJet powerplant modelers have been experimenting with enclosing the en- gine. So f ar most successful appl i cati ons are lib this one. This design utilizes a metal fuel tank with minimum size bolsa wood fairings. Another rnethod i r t o carve fuselage of hardwood and scoop out section f or the fuel stowage. A probl em wi th i et models is daveloping good connectionr a t the bellcrank and elevator horn which will be unaffected by heat and vibration. This is a neat solution, works well. Ole Slippery Good way of qettinq started with team racinq i s with- this famous design-more requested than any other AT aircraft i Team racing is probably the best thing that has happened to control-line flying since glow fuel was . . ~ - introduced. If you havcn't tangled wires with other racers yet, "you haven't lived." Some builders have stayed away from the sport because it looks pretty complicated at first glance. We won't deny this, but as every contest minded modeler knows any phase of model compe- tition puts a premium on performance of both model and flyer. Team racing is no different, and t hat little extra effort is well iepaid when t he checkered flag drops on your model. Once you try it, you'll buy it. We're sure team racing has that extra something you'll like. The direct competition is a refreshing Change from the old battle between model and stop watch. The West Coast led the way in team racing and the very workable set of iules they established are now part of the A.M.A. book. Various interested modelers have kicked around the rules a bit with rather f r cak~sh results. Using fuel tanks of greater than one-ounce capacity, for instance, destroys the whole basic idea of team race competition. It is fine for an endurance contest but team racing isn't an ei ~durance contest from the stand- point of getting airborne with the greatest fuel load. The challenge of nursing as many laps as possible from one ounce of tiger milk really requires thought and experiment. Hcre's where the sport enters into the picture, because the modeler with the hottest ideas can take home the hardware. Fuel economy without sacrificing too much speed means finding a good combination of fuel and pro- peller. Many modelers restrict the intake stack on the engine and by doing this can double the number of laps obtained from that one ounce of fuel. Lower pitch props are used for fast acccleratiqn and flying in t he seven-lap races. Higher pitch props giving best speed ar e used in the longer races where speed counts the most. Heavily methanated fuels should be used for short dashes, and the slowest burning fuel for longer races. Sdme modelers use gasoline and oil- based glow fuels for maximum economy. Worl d' s I I I ?P 7 Model By GLENN TEMTE and BOB THoR 8 This is the jet that did 179.03 mph to set a new na- tional record which has never been exceeded despite changes in rules or the influx of new enthusiasts to the Dyna-Jet powered circle. Construction of B.J. V1 is along conventional con- trol model lines. If anything, the building of a jet model is a good deal simpler and faster. Use good wood and try to build as strong and yet as light a ship as possible. Select an appropriate sized block of medium balsa for the fuselage and saw to side and top outline, be- ing extremely careful to cut in the wing incidence at Zero degrees. The model is set up for clockwise flight, but there is no reason why it won't fly equally well in a counterclockwise direction if the necessary changes in gas tank and bellcrank leads are made. The wing is of very conventional construction. The spar is of hardwood lying flat along the top. A hick- ory spar cut from an old ski has worked out well for us. From medium-hard balsa cut out the bottom of the wing panels, and on them assemble the ribs and spar in their proper location. Install the control units in the wing, screwing the mounting bolt only far enough down to hold the bellcrank assembly in place. Cut the top wing covering from 1/16 " medium balsa and glue in place. When completely dry, sand care- fully to final shape. As a final step in the finishing process, paint a half- inch wing walk of silver heat-resistant paint on each wing panel where the wing is not protected by asbes- tos. Reassemble the metal side fittings and fasten the asbestos in place using liquid glass as the adhesive. Liquid glass is obtainable at any drug store and is used because of its heat-resisting properties. Note that the asbestos wing walk is necessary on the outer wing panel only. The hold-down strap is constructed from a piece of tin can metal and must be made right on the engine tube. Do not use brass or aluminum for the strap, as neither will stand the severe heat. Rivet or bolt a small block of aluminum in place on the strap and tap out a hole for the tie-down bolt. A Square nut will substitute for the block of aluminum. Drill the hole through the hardwood insert and fasten the engine in place with a long bolt. Tighten snugly, but do not use so much force that the fuselage is distorted. Check this bolt before each flight. Its job is to hold the engine in the mounts and is adequate if it is kept snug. There are no side forces on the bolt as these are taken care of by the engine mounts. Your completed model should weigh in the neigh- borhood of 25 to 27 Ounces. We strongly recommend .016" flying wires in good condition The control wires should leave the handle at a distance of about two inches apart. In flight, these models pul1 from ten to twenty pounds and while this is not excwive, it is constant, and near the end of t he flight you will prob- ably be very happy when the engine quits. The tank is sufficient for about twenty-five laps, which is defi- nitely a good workout on a warm day. We have always favored four-wheel dollies, but any type will work if some provision is made for sup- porting the long nose of the model. The plane should fit snugly in a horizontal position in the dolly, and the wing 6umpers of the dolly should be at least two inches above the wing leading edge. Wheels should be about three inches in diameter, preferably without tread, so that the dolly will skid instead of tipping. It may be wise to Cover the wheels with Scotch Tape when flying from concrete. Never ground-run the'engine iri the plane for more than four or five seconds. Be prepared for the terrific acceleration that will take place upon release of the model. Hold full up (this is important) until the model breaks clear of the dolly and then neutralize the controls beforg it has a Chance to climb too high. From this point on it will fly like anything else. Landings are no problem because of the exceptional glide. l o s c a f l u i n u S c a l e . . haads wi t h thin ,harnt-bolso fusolaqm sorari ng provido a job t h i t wi l l stand up indefinitmly. I t Ries r o l l . t oo. A veteran of Spanish, Chinese, and Russian fronts, this stubby 1-16 fighter makes an unusual flying-scale iob. H AVI N(; seeii actiial servizc oii srvrral war froiita, iiicludiiig tlie Spaiiisli civil war, tlie (louglitv little Kussian Mosca 1-16 tighter is iiideetl a veteran. Keports Iiave largely Ixen iavorahle az to its perforiiiaiice. even tliougli tlie hlunt. stubhy liiies aiitl tlie sriiall tliiiieiisions contrast sliarplv witli tlie sleek ~>rol>rrtioiis of otlier pursuit craft. A big 700 11. 1). Cycloiie engine of Anierican design anti Kussian iiiaiiufacture is re- slmnsible lor tlie Iiuge cowl. Top spee<l.is relmrted to be arouiid 300 tri. p. Ii., and tlie landing speecl of 95 iii. 1,. Ii. is not sur- prising for a plane of such liniited wing area arid span. Froin the standpoint of flyiiig abilitv as a scale inodel, the Mosca is not tlie very k s t selection. l~iit for iea!isiii it is all tliat could k clesired. The iiiodel is sturdily I)iiilt, tlie fuselage heilig eiitirely slieet-l~alba-coverecl. The large-size tail surfaces of the original periiiit tlie use of true scale proportions. the only cleuiations heiiig iiicreased dihedral arid ~)rol>eller diiiiensioiis. The fiiselage foriiiers are cut froiii laiiiiiiated halsa consisting of soft slieet ceiiieiited to soft 1/:,2" sheet with the grain crossetl. Spars 'are joiiied hy ceiiienting the I/" sheet rein- forcenwnt in place. aiid tlie coiiiplete spar is tlien ceiiiented to the rear uf Fornwr B. Foniierb are assenihled by meaiis of tlie four stringers, and tlie aoit '/" alieet covering is applied iii sectioris. (:owl front is ioriiied oi lavers of soft %'' sheet. the rear tuselage tip ia a hollowetl lralsa hlock. and the cockpit top is also sliapetl of halsa. 1) ov iuselage and saiidpaper lightly. Assenihle tlie ribs tu the s pr s . attach the leading an8 trail- iiig edges, fittiiig their inner edgr, to tlie fuselage sides. Attacli tlie tips aiid the lower. triangular iairiiig pieces. f3end the fand- iiig-gear struts of .W steel n-ire. aiid alter aclding tlie %"-sq. hraces to tlie wing iranic. I >i i i r l aiiil ceiiient tlie landi~ig gear to tlie wiiig. Attacli tlie Iiartln-tmil n-lieels. Cover the upper leading edge to tlie spar with soft sheet aiid sand tlie en- tire wiiig fraiiies liglitly. l l ake [)aper patterns of the wing fairirigs, triniiiiing tlirni until tliry h t pericctly. Cut tlie soft- Inlsa outlines aiitl pin aiicl ceiiieiit tlirtil in place. Tail surfaces are of coiiveiiiioiial constructioii. Tliey slioiiltl k finished antl coveretl a i t l i ti.s,iic Irfore heiiig carefully cr- iiiented to tlie fiiselagc. Wiiig an(l tail suriaccs are coverecl witli tissue. watCi tlopetl. aii[l nre later given two coats of tliiii tlopr. FULL-SIZE PLANS of this model may be obtained by sending fiheen cents to AIR TRAlLS FULLSIZE PLANS, 79 kventh Avenue, New York, N. Y. Bui l d one f or t he guy who l earned t o f l y i n it Here' s a deluxe scale model of the trainer plane in which a million Army and Navy men learned t o fly. You get this kit, packed wi t h a handsome illustrated instruc- tion folder showi ng how it can be assembled quickly and easily. Varney's precision parts, inolded from chrome yellow and ebony plastic, Slip into place . . . and stay. In almost no time at all you have this super-detailed model, gl eami ng in its satiny finish, looking jiist like it's ready t o take oK Several unique novelty suggestions are shown in the illus- trated folder packed in t he kit . . . the one displayed above shows how you can fasten the assemhled model ont o a sheet of plastic bent i nt o a graceful curve. Look at what yoii have! See your dealer today. Get one of Varney's PT- 17 Souvenir Models. Build it for the guy who learned t o fly in it. Onl y $3.75. (Wing Span iurt under eight inrhes. Kif comei with both A m * ond Na** decali . . . ri t hovt rpecial mount) P-51 FLYI SC by EARL STAHL FLYING SULE Wl f n ALL TUE CHEESECIKE, AND ENDURANCE TYPE FLICHT PERFORMANCE OSSESS( ~) RS of soiiie of tlie niost brilliaiit fighting recorcls of the war, the 1'-51 Mustangs blazed a trail of destructive glory tlirougli eneiiiy skies. Particular favorites of Allied airnien, they were feared and respected I>y the Geriiians and Japanese. Attaiiiiiig greatest acclaiiii as long-range fighters, squadrons of >lustaiigs t~ecame faiiiiliar siglits over nerlin and Tokyo as well as otlier reiiiote targets. Used i i i great iiuiiibers, first as escorts ior the Iieavy I)oiilbers, wlieii they were niakiiig deep penetrations into eriemy territory, tliese aerial terrors were later tised tactically in offenses against grciiiiid installatioiis, siich as supply tlumps and transportation facilities. \Vlieii flying protection for the boiiibers, range was in- creasecl 1)- carryirig fiiel in exteriial taiiks beneatli the wings. and the noriiial ariiiaiiieiit consisted of six SO-caliber niachiiie guns. For sweeps against ground targets, rockets and bombs were niounted I>eiieath tlie wiiigs. All in all, the ships packed a deadly wallop re- gartlless of tlie iiiission for whicli tliey were outfitted. liefere tlie Lnitecl States eiitry iiito tlie war, the 3lustarig was coiiceiverl hy North Anierican Aviation in response to Britain's cry for a Iiigli-lxrforiiiance fighter. The plane tliat resulted proved so satisfactory tliat it was adopted hy our Army as one of our top fighters. Tlie original P-51 was lmwered by an Allison engine for fighting at low altitiides. Init it was not uiitil tlie Packard-built Roll-Royce eiigine was used tliat the higli-altitude, long-range perforniance of tlie ~xeseiit-day sliip was attaiiied. Actually, the hlustaiigs that saw The proaf af the pudding is i n the eating. Super-details, such as the rockets, bombs, and droppable gas tanks, have not detracted from its flying performance. Service in the closing days of tlie war were a far cry from the orig- inal. Aside froni the changes in fighting equipment that developed through experience and the changing trends of the war, lines were altered by the new engine, the bubble canopy and the dorsal fin-only the high speed NACA laminar-flow wing and the horizontal tail appear unchanged. Our niodel is of tlie latest Mustang, and while emphasis has been placed on flying ability, it is accurately reproduced in line, thus making an unusually attractive display project. Perhaps a glance at the drawings and photos may give the impression that building is difficult, but the opposite is true, for no coniplicated structures or methods are employed and even the catchy-looking bubble canopy is made quite easily. Experience has denionstrated that low-wing models can be made to fly well and the P-51 Mustang is no exception. Aerodynamic pro- portions have been worked out carefully and so if the structural weight is not allowed to become excessive, long, stable Gghts can be expected. Before starting to build. study the drawings and text to get a com- plete mental ~i ct t i r e of each probleni. Proceed then with care and the reward will be a neat-appearing, fine-flying niiniature. I n selecting materials for. your model, obtain the best possible. Balsa wood, whicli comprises most of the structure; should be light, firm stock. Regular colorless riiodel airplane cement is used t o join the members. To build a full-size inodel, it will be necessary t o enlarge the drawings to twice the printed size. This will enable construc- tion t o be done tlirectly atop tlie plans, which is the best and 9si est way. However, a model of the size shown may be made without alteriiig tlie prints; unfortunately, though, srnall mod- els do not fly as well as their bigger brothers, so we must rec- oinmend the latter. The fiiselage is usually a good item to start with, so let's get under way. The type of construction used in this ship calls for sheet balsa formers mounted on four sheet balsa keels; stringers to give the proper shape are thin balsa strips. This me t h ~ d of building is most practical siilce it is both easy and strong. First cut the four keels and nunierous formers (note that two of each are required) from 1/16" thick medium grade balsa. T o as- semble these parts, pin the top and bottom keels right over the plan, theii cenient half the formers and one side keel t o place. Next lift this franie from the plaii and add the remaining formers and keel. Stringers are 1/16'' sq. stock and are placed two at a time on opposite sides to keep from disaligning the P OSSESSOKS of soiiie of tlie niost brilliaiit fighting records of tlie war, the I'-SI Mustangs hlazed a trail of destructive glory tlirougli eneiiiy skies. Particular favorites of Allied airmen, they were fearecl and respected by the Geriiiaiis and Japanese. Attaiiiiiig greatest acclaiiii as long-range fighters, squadrons of Jliistaiigs becanie familiar sights over Berlin and Tokyo as well as otlier reiiiote targets. Lrse<l in great iiuiiihers, first as escorts for the lieavy I)onibers, wlieii they were niaking deep penetrations into eiiemy territory, these aerial terrors were later ~i sed tactically in offenses against gro~iii<l installatioiis, stich as supply clunips and transportation facilities. \Vheii flying protectioii for the boinbers, range was in- creasecl by carrying fiiel in exteriial taiiks beneath the wings, and the noriiial ariiiaiiieiit consisted of six 50-caliber machine. guns. For sweeps against ground targets. rockets and hombs were mounted beiieath the wings. All in all. the ships packed a deadly wallop re- garclless of tlie iiiission for whicli tliey were outfitted. t!efrc tlie Uiiitetl States eiitry into tlie war, the Mustang was roiireive<l by North Anierican Aviation in response to Britain's cry for :I high-lwrfortiiance fighter. The plane tliat resulted proved so satisfactory tliat it was adopted by our Arniy as one of our top fighters. The original P-51 was powered by an Allison engine for fighting at lau, altit~ides, biit it was not uiitil tlie Packard-built Roll-Royce engine was used tliat the Iiigli-altitude, long-range perforniance of tlie preseiit-day ship was attaiiied. Actually, the Mustangs that saw The proof of the puddrng i s in the eoting. Super-details, such os the rockets, bombs, ond droppable gas tonks, hove not detracted from its flying performance. service in the closing days of the war were a far cry from the orig- inal. Aside froni the changes in fighting equipment that developed through expenence and the changing trends of the war, lines were altered by the new engine, the bubble canopy and the dorsal fin-nly the high speed NACA laminar-flow wing and the horizontal tail appear unchanged. Our model is of the latest Mustang, and while emphasis has been placed on flying ability, it is accurately reproduced in line, thus making an unusually attractive display project. Perhaps a glance at the drawings and photos niay give the impression that building is difficult, but the opposite is true, for no coniplicated structures or methods are employed and even the catchy-looking bubble canopy is made quite easily. Experience has demonatrated that low-wing models can be made to fly well and the P-51 Mustang is no exception. Aerodynamic pro- portions have been worked out carefully and so i f the structural weight is not allowed to become excessive, long, stable flights can be expected. Before starting to build, study the drawings and text to get a com- plete meratal picture of each problern. Proceed then with care and the reward will be a neat-appearing, fine-flying niiniature. In selecting nmterials foy your model, obtain the best possible. Balsa wood, whicli comprises most of the structure, should be light, firm stmk. Regular colorless niodel airplane cement is used to join the rnembers. T o build a full-size inodel, it will be necessary to enlarge the drawings to twice the printed size. This will enable construc- tion to be done (lirectly atop the plans, which is the best and ~ s i e s t way. However, a model of the size shown may be made without altering tlie prints; unfortunately, though, small mod- els do not fly as ael l as their bigger brothers, so we must rec- oiiiniend the latter. The fuselage is usually a good item to start with, so let's get under way. The type of construction used in this ship calls for sheet balsa forniers mounted on four sheet balsa keels; stringers to give the proper shape are thin balsa strips. This method of building is rnost practical since it is both easy and strong. First cut the four keels and nunierous formers (note that two of each are required) from 1/16" thick niedium grade balsa. T o as- semble these Parts, pin the top and bottom keels right over the plan, then ceiiient half the formers and one side keel to place. Next lift this frame from the plaii and add the remaining formers and keel. Stringers are 1/16'' sq. stock and are placed two at a time on opposite sides to keep from disaligning the BUILDERS! whether or not a good job has been done. With this in iniiid, carefully saiid all thr frames uiitil they are Bawless. In this connection the author likes to sand tlie iuselage forniers sliglitly sialloped so the stringers oiily will touch the paper; this makcs for a niuch hctter job. Use Use the Same I I hariana oil or very light dope to stick the paper to the iranies, aiid where com- / SPARK PLUGS pouncl curves eiist. emplov niany small -. - ~. ~ 01 the tissue. neatly lapped to avoid unsiahtlv wrinkles. This takes life-size champs use > 1 more tinie, of course. but the results are 1 worth it. .4 fine niist of water sprayed on the coverine will tiahten it but do not apply any dope uiitil the ahol e ni de l is assenihled. The fiiial asseinbly is eacy. I I the wr t 5 have beeil made witli care, wine and stahiiizer n.ill slip right int; place at the proper aerodyiiamic aiigles as this was ~redetermiiied : alian thcm carelullv 15 OUT OF 16 . - I I helo;e cimenting last. To make tlie I n d i mn ~ ~ n ml i ~ w i n n e w = fillet niake tlie sheet balsa parts and fit them individuallv to ruur . - . - . - i i r i r - m i r rr i.... r. r CHAMPION I / ni del . Cover the fillet arid ho;tom 1 ownt ng with niatchiiig tissue. Cement tlie vertical tail last a t a 'light offset to the lelt (leading edge) Ior a right turn to help overcoine toruue. So w SPARK PLUGS I ( neatlr fit a iissue fillet hctwieii tlie tail 1 A surlaces. .At tliis time. one or t n o coats ol cicar dope mav Ix apulied tu the I Nor . POWER-1'1.1 X. leader in advonced moael acceiiorier, brings you an ,gnition toll Ues19~d ond engineered crpecolly lor modern i r < I " ' rurer ote' Extremely high e f f c i c n r ~ wi t h Iow drain bec ., ,., , ,, I size 2" x weight 2 az. Comes com~lete wi t h hi-tenhion leod Completely en- cased in waier ond ai r resistonf Gokelile hell A POWER- / , / , s WO+ I 1' 1 11 igni<ion 3ysrems pea. ,, __m.-._. _ _ . . .,.. I 1 whole md r l tu Iurt hcr' Fighten and I the tissu?. On our oriaiiial always mia a small auantitv .. . I Celi ana ign,tion C O I moke a drpendable. etlicient Ign.rlon teom $, e .I L 1 1 of dope 91 tlie same color as the tissui I Nearlv aii the Ai rl i nes I will starr yo~r motor r ~ l h o u t o boo5ter. POWER-PLUS COIL T L i I with the clear to hrttcr the appearance 1 1 ol' tlic iiiiished nlaiie: tliis makes a iiis- - - - - - - - - - - - - CHAMPI ONS! iiere's why 9 '"AM"""" Spark Plugs will bring out the best inyour model gar engine -. - POWER-PLUS WET CELLS ~ ~ ~ ~ r o v e m ~ n t a n d a d d s l i ~ l e o r n o Enginetred fo big baffery stond- S UP E R F L I G H T 2.". 2 From this point on, everything that is added to tlie mcxiel. provided. ol course, that it is skillfully done, will improve thc apwarance. T o niake the la~iding Slip $4" dianieter ruhlier tubliig on the struts aiid paitit them aluniinum. Color the wheels aiid tires aiid lix them to the axles nitli a drop ol solder. Xlake tlie wheel weli Covers from sheet balsa wings; these are cemented to tlie struts but iiot the wi i ~g so they ean spring f r ech to absorh laiiding shocks. To siiiiulate tlie wheel aclls, t ut black tissue to the appropriate slial>e and dope to thc cuvcriiig. The tail wheel shuuld be iiia of the hubblccaiiopy. It is really not Iiard and ure went about it iri this maniier: A halsa caiiopy was first carved. Then a ~ k c e of soft plastic was heatcd in hoilinn water until it bccame pliable. (i'inrlite, Lunierith, or cven celluloid jl12'' in thickness or,'less, caii be used.) Theri. usiiig every hand that was avail- ahlc, wi stretched it dowii over the form. !A Irrsoll with five or six haiids could 1 du it a hne ! ) Work ver! rapidly as the plastic rcsets quickly. hut iii tlie eveiit that rcsillts are ~i i aat i s f act or ~, simply reheat viirl try agaiii. Incidentally, structural details of tlic caiiopy ar e re~>reseiitcd IIY thiii strips ul hlack tissue. Few detailr remain. Coiitrol suriace outlines arc represented hy fiiie strips 01 black tissue wliieh are doped to the wing aiid tail. Exliaust Imrts, anteiina, scale l>ropeller, bomhs, rockets, gar taiiks. or what have you are made from odds aiid eiids hut go a loiig way to I I I ""I. Z-1. J., , L,. . ,. I I aear luok rcalistic follow tliis orocedurr - 1. The y a r e backed by t he s a me re- search, e ngi ne e r i ng a n d pr eci s i on manul act ur i ng l aci l i t i es a s r he Ch a m- pi ons whi c h have ma d e t h e n a me Cha mpi on s ynonymous wi t h d e e n d . . . . - ngi ne o n ~ a n t 1 1 ' ! ( I I I and cover theiii with tissueto match tlie ' I I i paiiited aiid fSa" balsa retraetioii covers Ior every ei inrtalled. a n d i n t he ai r. Probably the hiaeest itcni is thc mak- ri -. . . ( - 1. Th e y e mb o d y many o f t h e Same pat ent ed a n d excl usi ve s t r uct ur al a o d oper at i ve l earures c o mmo n t o rhei r l ar ger Count erpart s a n d a r e accor d- i ngl y i n n o s ens e a "toy" s p a r k pl ug. 3. The y a r e specifically e ngi ne e r e d t o meer t he r equi r emenr s ol t h e mo s r popul ar a nd mosr successl ul . model g a s engi nes , a n d a r e avai l abl e i n s i zes a n d t ypes Tor every engi ne. c h e c k t he s i i e c ha r t be l ow f o r . t h e cor r ect Ch a mp i o n "V" Sp a r k P l u g Tor your mode l g a s engi ne. Thread Thread Leiigth Weighl, Grams C b n Wh nlro nn&s ''Y VR-I md VR-1" for s p l c i l / ~ deiigrp rdcmg n.g&s. I rrihanee the inndcl's appcaraiice. 1 CHAMPi0.N SPARK PLUG CO. 1 .OO upTON AVE. TOLEDO 1, OHl O . . < l l n i a ; i e s U l r ~ . i i v . i l ? r t ; l i r o ~ i > . i i s s r r o ? s i r a i i i ! p a i j l . \ \ ~ j l o d . ~ r t e l . i o d i u ! c i r i o y s n i l i - i i i 3 . i a d i ~ . i t l 5 1 1 . . O n l d a s o i r a i p ~ i l ! 4 s ~ ? . l l s r l o . 3 1 1 a i \ . ! . \ 3 . T l ? 3 2 : : ) - . z i l ! . 4 i ~ . l p 2 1 l j i l ! i l . \ ! 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I X L I ~ . \ O ~ I O ~ I I I M ~ ' I ~ I I ~ . < 1 a 1 a 1 t l i i i o s r ! a Y e 1 a s i i j a i l l . i a l ! i : I > J . \ O U I J . L S ~ 7 1 . d n p a i i y J ! d a a q 0 4 J a p l o U ! a U e l a r n ! 3 1 1 1 0 1 p a i p e l 7 i Z q ! n c l c ! i i i o o c l a i l j i o . a d a i l ~ 2 ~ 1 e i 1 ~ o u l l ! . \ 2 s a p r a ( a e l a s 1 1 j a i l l l e i p a l n s a q 0 1 1 2 p . 1 0 u ! - a 3 y j n c p 1 n o i 1 s s . 1 1 1 o i 1 a a q - l C 1 i l % n o ~ o ~ l j 0 1 j i i a i u a 3 a i l l . \ ! o l l y . . i a i p a . 8 0 1 7 3 ! j s 4 0 1 1 . i a i p i e i p u r C a , \ l e q i 1 1 o c 1 t i a a . \ \ ~ a ( i . r a d e d x e . r i 3 0 j a a i l s e % u ! t l a a y ' a i i o j r l y a i l l u o a 2 e l a ~ n j a q 3 0 a p ! s l a q l o a i l ] p l ! t 1 8 - ~ u a i i i a s q ~ ! . \ 2 . 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L I J p u e s . i a u ( a ! s a p a q l ! o d c l - p u e ~ s p l o u e a u i o s a q s e i 1 l a p o u i s ! q j ' s a ! s ~ i a p i i a l S i i ~ u i ~ ! ~ ~ \ - j s a ~ ~ i o ~ s ~ ! p i i e ' u ( a ! r a p s ! q j J O s a ! q e n b D r i ! . i ~ 7 i i a . i a r l u ! a i l l J O a r n e 3 a g l a 1 j o i ~ i a z ~ l a c n d . r o ! u a S a i l J . o ! q g ' u o . 1 7 ~ ' . C . r j u n o > a q j j o s ~ a j u a s l ~ p o ~ u l s a q . i i ~ o j o a u o i i i o . i j a i i i o s t e i l l a p o u i . Z i i ! r i r i ! . u ~ I I H L O ~ ~ V Tlie laiiding gear is niade ot baiiihoo. Tlie struts make a V. the apex oi wliicli is at tlie clouble cross-piece at tlie top of tlie tuselage. Additional strengt11 is o1,tainecl by binding tlie striits to tlie lower fuselage longerons with tliread. Put the two- inch-diameter wlirels in place after tlie glue holding the axles and struts has dried. The landing-gear attachinent was the last opera- tion before covering. Tlie fuselage should be cov- ered with a good grade of tissue. ITse banana oil to attach it to the loilgerons and cross-pieces. (You nlay use a double covering for aclclitional strengtl~. ) After tlie fuselage is covered, Spray tlie paper with water. After it is thoroughly dry, paint it witli moclel dope. Spraping the papcxring with water insures a tight covering with a miiliiniiin of wrin- kles. Doping increases tlie streilgth of the fuselage. WlNG The wiilg of this model is of the regular con- struction and is of the polyhedral type. Make a teiiiplate of tlie rib section oi hard balsa aild cut out twenty-seven ribs froiii 1/16'' soft sheet balsa. The front spar is % X G'' medium-hard balsa, the rear spar is %'' Square balsa. (Note tliat the spar slots in the ribs are deeper than tlie spars. They are n~ade tliat way in order to keep a smooth siirface aiter tlie wing is covered.) She - leading etlge is %" sqiiare aild the trailiiig edge is X %'I. 1,ay the spars on the fiill-size drawing of the wing and cenient the ribs iii place. After the cement has dried, attach tlie leatling and tapei-ed trailing edges. She tips of the tapered %" sheet balsa are then cemented into place. Cut the spars, and leading a i ~d trailing edges at such an angle that the proper dihedral of 5" under each tip is obtained. Then ' / 3n" thick sheet gussets should be cemented to each side of the main spar and trailing edge in order to iilcrease the strength of the joints. After all the ceriiented parts of tlie wing have tlioroughly dried, Cover it with a good gracle tissue. Tlie top side is usually covercd first, as it is the inore dificult. Tlie paper shoul(1 be sprayecl with u7ater to sliriiik it and give it a sii~ootlier, finislied look. .After tlie paper has sliruilk, dope it mit11 a thinned-out dope. Take extrenie care that the paper (loes not stick to the spars, as a smooth sectioii is desirable. TAlL AND RUDDER Tlie tail and ruclder are made in exactly the Same nlanner as tlie wing. Note that the tail has a Clark Y type of airfoil, whereas the ru<l<ler is flat. Cut out the sixteen tail rilis from the '/16" soft balsa sheet ancl ceiiient them to the % X x/16)) hard balsa spar. (Note that the center ribs are spaced %" apart to hold the rudder rib LTHOUGH tlie American Zipper is comparatively A sinall, it is unique in that it possesses the qualities of a contest ship. Its fast rate of clinib and flat gliding angle are a conibiiiation always hoped for but seldoin realized e ~ e i i iroiii contest ships. On a caliii dav, T H withoiit tlie aitl oi tliei-inals, tlie iiiodel was clocked to the t~iiie r ~ f oiic iiiiiiute aiitl tliirty seconds. 1:ut let's dispeiiw n itli tlic iibiial ruii of introduction aiid get right do\\ i i to J\ ork. Witli tlie exceptioii of olle half of both tlie wi i ~g and - stabilizer, tlie plaiis sliown on the followirig pages are full-size aiid coiiiplete. Since botli sides of the wing aiid the stabilizer are coiiitriicte(1 in oiie uiiit, it is first iieces- sary to trace the siele of tlie part sliown to serve as a layout for tlie otlier side. As tlle plan is to be used as a jig, it is suggested tliat it be covered with traiisluceilt Paper. pret'erably wax. Tllis will pre\.ent tlie parts from adheriiig to the plari. 1lPPER b y W A L T E R K A H N FUSELAGE Tlie fuseiage fraiiie is coiistructed eiitii-eiy of Fun for the beginner or expert- square stock. T11e sicles arc first inacle by laying out the fuseiage on the plan alld iiiaintainiiig tiie iiienibers in a novelty in simple j yi ng models. A real l y interesting feature is the lifting fuselage shaped i n profile like an ai rfoi l . This l i ttl e ship har flown over 1:30 i n cal m ai r. positiori, until the cement sets. by siliall pins. placecl at intervals aloffg tlie fuselage outline. Care should be taken not to stick the piiis through the members theniselves. This, as is obvious, will weakeil the entire structure. The amount of cement to use at eacli joint slioiild be minimuni. Too 111iicli ceilielit will not only result in a sloppy job but will adcl uiinecessary cveight and weakriess in the joints. The two side frariies of tlie fuselage may be made together, one on top the other ancl then cut apart. or else they may be niatle separately. In both cases it is imperative that they be exact. After the side frames have been formed they are cnn- nected l>y the top aiid bottoni Cross menibers. The sizes of these men~bers are shown on tlie top half view. The nose block is next. I t is carved from a very soft piece of balsa. The block is temporarily attached to the fuse- lage and thus carved to shape. I t is then ren~oved and the inside hollowed out. Tlie nose of tlie block is cut to allow for a sinall nose plug as shown. The landing gear is fornied from #8 wire. I t i s attached to the fuselage by cement, aiid if desired further securecl in place by tliread. After the landing gear has set, the nose block is next cemerited 69 THE ZIPPER permanently in place. The rcar hook is attached t o the fuselage as shown in Section A-A. I t is held t o the sheet by cenient. The wheels are cut from 3/32'' sheet stock as indicated on tlie plan. Both t he pants and the laiiding-gear fairiiig .are optional. WlNGS The ni ng is simple in construction. I t is constriictetl in oiie unit. The ribs are cut froni sheet stock t o the forni illustrated in Section B-B. The trailing edge is notched t o allow for the rihs as shown. The leading edge is 3/32" Square stock sliaped t o the contour of the rib. Tlie wing is constructed as a straight pa~iel. I t is then bent up\vard from the center t o form a dihedral angle with a one-inch rise at the tins. W-1 and W-2 are glued in place. Tliese members give tlie proper angle of incidence. TAlL UNlT ' The tail-unit construction follo~vs along t he Same lines as the ming. The ribs, however, are of 1/16" square stock. Both t he leading and trailing edges of each iinit. horizontal arid vertical, are santled t o qhapc after the iiirface has been removed Irom ita jig. Both tlie rudcler antl tlic ,tabilizcr are attached t o tlie fii.elage in one uiiit. The atabilizer is riiiiintainetl at zero- degree setting. PROPELLER The propeller is carvecl froni n iiie- tliiim-hard balsa blwk. 1t.q .,liapr is out- liiied with a hard peiicil ns sliolvn on Plate 2. The propeller is f i r ~t blaiiked t o sliape. I t is then carred. .\ctually, tliere is littlc that can bc said as t o tlie nianner of carviiig a propeller. Experi- encc seems t o be the best teacher. I n finishiiig tlie propeller it is of iitmost im1)ortance t hat it balance. By in3ert- ing a piii at the hub the balance can easily hr checketl. Care shoiilrl he eser- risrcl t o iiiaiiit;iiii tlie shape of tlic blatlcs alike. After tlie propeller ha.s brcii finally coriipletecl. it is siiggested tliat it be given a felv c o a t of I~anana oil antl resandetl t o a sinootli siirface. COVERING The roniplete inodel is covered nitli superfirie ti.,sue. Tlie n ing is ro\~crcd on one side oiily. aq are the stabilizer and rudder. The paper i y tlope<l t o bring it t aut . If water is userl t u stirink t he paper. extreme caution ~lioiiltl he taken not t o apply too miicli watcr. Otherwise tlie \viiigs aiid tail surfaces might be conipletely ~varped out of shapr. FLYING THE MODEL Tlie propeller is attached t o the front sliaft, \\liicli passes tlirough the riose plug. Tlic Iiook on tlie sliaft should be mnde small enough t o pass through the hole of tlic nose block. The propeller rotatrs against several washers, as illus- tratcd. The model is ~m\vere<l with four etraiids of V:,-" f a t i i i b l ~ r . The wing i~ Iielcl in place hy a riiliher band, as in- dicated on Plate 1. The wing is located approsimately one half incli back of t he secoiid vertical mrmber. The model is first glided. I t slioiild assunie a very flat glide. If it tentls t o (live., the xviiig .*Iioiiltl be movetl sliglitlp aheatl; if it teiicl t o stall it slioiilcl t>e moved t o tlie rear. After the proper location is fouri(1 tlie propellrr slioul(1 br given about fift'. tiirns and tlie model laiiiic.lied. Rendj i i t i ng may be iieccssary in the sarric iri;inner as in gliding. Experinientiiig with different settings of t he wing will result in t he beat flights. With the moclel atljii.-tetl, the propel- ler slioiild be wound t o its fiill capacity antl laiinclied into tlie wiiitl. Not everyone is. It takes a blend of brains, Wings of Gold. So it works both ways. You get drive, and dedicatian, We're looking for men a commission as a Naval Officer and begin a tike this for the Naval Aviation Team. Men who career as a Navy Pilot or Naval Flight Officer. are Doers. And we get another born flyer. he Contact your local recruiter for all the details, d or call toll free (800) 841-8000. In Georgia, the number is (800) 342-5855, mEmm 72 AT iWE RY/% sE2B LEVEL OFF SPEED START F R S ~ R m K WE 0 MPA'7R4 R? CL /MB NObV PI PER''PLANE QUIZ '' 3 I I < J w m~icii camliiir arid oil dwy B l>ily.r . (:ut, ,,.W? Leis I hi n Ihe i r wi ae automobile. lh* Same i r i medi ~m- ~r i ~ed ovkmobile. feel lona. NOTE--Thene lesmi~s obviouslr con <:rp18in oi hl y (hr ~undu, nri l t o~~ seo L>iWr dc\r>r ectual n y b inatrucliori. Wr i k wtit "l*luiSr i,),,iZM ,luestioiia you LiLe aoswcrPJ, WER AIRCRAFT CORPORATION-LOCK HAVEN, PENNI. SELECTING YOUR GAS ENGINE On, wliile on t he Wasp they are brazed On. Since nothing has been lieard from t he Madewell Co., of late, it is safe t o assume t hat t he Wasp is replacing it. The Wasp also comes in kit form for $12.95, and' i s t he first kit actually on tlie niarket in t he small-engine class. I t is exceedingly simple t o assemble and comes already lapped. Troian. The Trojan has a roller crank- shaft bearing. By an exclusive process an absolutely leak-proof seal is obtained at the crankcase. I t now comes with twin exhaust stacks cast into the cvlin- der and ,an inclosed timer. CLASS B ENGINES Models for Class B engines are more plentiful. There are any number of kits oii the market which would perform very satisfactorily with any one of the B en- gines. These models, being slightly larger, sturdier, and heavier tlian Class A models, could be built with less skill, and since some of them could be a trifle snialler than Class C models, many builders stress them t o take either a C or B engine. Or by building them at tlie bottom of the scale. thev can be niade t o perform U-itli a Class A engine, providing they are light enougli. Of tlie small ships, Class B models are a t pres- ent more popular t han A models. This is due t o the fact t hat the poner plants in this class are only a trifle lieavier t han Class A power plants, but develop a great deal more power. Tlie ignition syatem is t he biggcst handicap in this instance inasmuch as tlie neight of the coil, condeiiser, plug and batteries is practically tlie Same for all cngincs. Tlie R, therefore, has an advantage ovcr the A. Should a satisfactory coil bc placed on the niarkct wliicli will-operatc on 11/i volts. it xvill he a real boon t o model builders by makiiig pohsible t he iise of only oiie battery. Bctter still, if i t would be possible t o produce a Diesel cngine iii miniatuie, it would do away with t he weiglit and difficulties caused by the inevitable ignition system. The choicc of a Class B cngine is com- ~~ar at i vel y simple. Thcre are fewer of tlieie tlian in other classes. M B M. The M 8; R i was tlie first t o make its appearance in this class. This engine is a lapped job having a steel cylinder and piston afid an entirely origi- nal breaker-mint svstem. The crank- case is sand-cast. The needle valve is not of t he conventional micrometer type. Instead, it makes use of a baffle-type needle. Hi-Speed. The Hi-Speed was designed by Bill Atwood, and is a rotary-valve type; t hat is, it receives its fuel by gravity feed. The niixture is then dr a~vn through a liollo~v cranksliaft ~vliicli act s as a valve. This type of eiigine will run only in one direction, and sinee it is gravity fed, it is not recommended t hat the engine be inverted because of t he tendency t o fl wd t he crankcase when t he motor stops. A special inverted model is nom available for $13.25. The crankcase and cylinder supports are in- tegrally cast of Dow metal. Dow metal is an exceptionally strong super-light al- loy. The plug of this engine is offset, mliicli goes for better firing and follolvs a practice adopted in racing engines. I t s needle val re is on a side belon the - shaft bearing. and extreme caution must be used in flippiiig the propeller t o pre- vent snapping off t he needle valve. "23." The Ohlsson "$23" Iias becn considered by many as t he finest bit of engineering in the model-engine field. This engine is ruggedly constructed, hav- ing a 1/4" crankshaft with a ball-bearing thrust bearing. The beariiig surfacc of tlie shaft and shaft bearing are tapered. Thc prop pulling through the air tends t o seat t he sliaft. As t he shaft nears, the prop may be tightencd on, tliereby pulling t he shaft forward and pro\iding a perfect seal as the beariiigs ivear. Tlie intake and by-pass manifold are cast in an integral unit ni t h the rear .;ectioii of tlie crankcase. Tlie steel cyliiider is then forced into t he Casting and spot-nelded t o this unit, being sealetl a t tlie joint ni t h a gaskct. New Bantam. A new Baiitani which will hc kiionn as the Baiitaiii R wiH swii make i t i appearance on the market. The cylinder, back of tlie craiikease, by-pass aiitl intake manifolds are cast as a unit. A fiiincd head is bolted on over a steel liiier. The front of the craiikcase roii- taiiiing tlie crankshaft bearing i~ scienecl into tlie crankcase. The tinier is fully TRAILS ADVERTISERS-MAY, 1939 ,inclosed as on the small Bantam. A novel feature is the twin exhaust stacks: CLASS C ENGINES Our first model engines were the size used in C Class, and designs and kits for ships t o be powered by such engiiies are plentiful. These niodels may be built from spruce or hard balsa sufficiently stressed for contiiiuous flying and are of a size t o permit interesting experimenta- tion. Strong .winds aiid clumsy handling do not affect these niodels so much. Forster Bros. Forster Bros. is one of tlie oldest firms in t he model airplaiie engine business and har e pioneered sucli features on niodel engines as rings, alu- miriuni alloy pistons and ball-bearing crankuhafts. The iiiotors are made of aluminum alloys througliout with the ex- ception of t he shaft, whicli is made of steel, and cylinder liner, nhicli is also made of steel. The new low-liead-type gas tank permits the motor t o run until t he tank is dry with oiie cnrburetor set- ting. Tlie Forster is rated at horse- power at 5,000 revolution.; per minute. These engiiies have flonn s1iips up t o fifteen pouiids, and they are extremely dcsirable for experiniental and radio- controllcd models. Forater Bros. manu- facture their own coil-. nliicli have an excelleiit reputation 11itli iiiodel builders. This eiigine Iias an autoniobile-type timer and riins on a leaiicr gas-to-oil ratio tlian most engines. This makes for less fouling and e a ~i e r ~t art i ng. Fors- ter Bros. engiiics are available in three models. The B cnpiiies are air-cooled and available witli eitlier 4de-lug mount- ing or radial niountiiig nitli bronze main bearing a t $17.75, or nitli ball-bearing for $19.50. Tlieir C iiiodel has a one- ineh bore and strake, and is avail- able either air or water cooled, and hns a 14.5 CC or .883 cubic inch displace- ment. Rougli caitiiig kits with bronze- bearing crankshafts are available air- cooled in cithcr B or C iiiodels for $6.50. The Same eiigine kits ni t h ball-beaiing crankshaft cost $7.75. Brown Motors. Bron-n motors, designed by IVilliaiii Braun, n ho, togetlier with Ptlaxn-ell Bassett of Philadelpliia really startet1 the gas-modcl bug on its way. are produced in a inodern, wonderfully hlcCraw Hill Book Co. . . . . . . 81 P. hlcCorrnick . . . . . . . . . 79 Aero Inductries Technical Iiist. B~c k Cover Cornet Rlodel Airplane aiid SuppI\ Co. 57 hfeclianix Universal Aviation Sew. 73 & 79 G. H. Q, blotors . . . . W . . ., 73 hlegow's . . . . . . . . Third Cover Aeronauticaluniversity. . . . . . 79 Model Aerunaiitics Pul~lications . . 81 Baltimore Fireworks Co, . . . . . 71 Gun 'Iode1 Co. . . . . . . . . 73 Olilsson Miniatiires . . . . . . . 71 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bay Ridge Model Airplaiie Hawk Model Co. 71 parks ~i~ college 3 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . & Supply Co. 77 Heathe hlodel Airplaiie Co. 61 Radio Control Headquarteis 79 Berkeley Model Supp!ies . . . . . 5 Hurleman Distributing Co. . . . . 59 Skyway Airplane Co. . . . . 65 Speedway Mfg. Co. . . . . . . . 81 California Flyers . . . . Second Cover Imperial hlodel Aero Supply . . . . 73 S~encer Fireworks Co. . . . . . . 73 Cleveland Model & Supply Co., Inc. . 79 Lincoln Airplane School . . . . . 71 Waterbury Model Bui!ders Cupply ; . 79 78 equipped plant. Practically all- of the parts that go into the Brown Jr., motors are manufactured in their own factory, and even the $10 D models are test-run. All Brown engines have a remarkable weight-power ratio and have a well- established reputation for reliability. They are available in four models. The B, a t $21.50, is a lapped job having a steel cylinder and piston individually fit- ted, micrometer needle valve and choke nut, and the Number 1 type coil. I t is also cadmium-plated to prevent rusting. The C model comes mounted, ready to. run on a test block, a t $17, and has the Same specifications as the B, except that it has an aluminum-alloy piston with two cast-iron piston rings and a baffle type of needle valve. I t , like the B, comes with a Number 1 tylj, coil. The model D, at $10, was one of the finest low-priced engines in the field. Like the C, it had an aluminum-alloy piston with two cast-iron rings and baffle-type needle valve. I t , however, did not come cad- mium plated, and was not mounted on a . test block. A Number 2 type coil was included with this unit. The crankshaft was made of "Z" metal and has been found not to stand up as well as the chrome molybdenum crankshafts which are used on the B and C models. The M model is the Same as the D, except that it has a micrometer needle valve and a choke nut and comes cadmium plated with a flywheel. The Brown motors all use a twepiece spark plug of their own manufacture, and a two-piece gas tank with a filter. At present the Brown models are under- going a change in design. The new engines will come through with an im- proved type swipe timer which is ex- tremely simple and foolproof, and a new transparent gas tank. This timer has its points above the shaft, which goes for cleaner operation and less fouling caused by leakage of oil at the shaft. ,411 models will have micrometer needle valves, and the shafts in the lower-priced models aill be made of chrome molyb- denum. The new D model will cost $12.50, the C $18.50, the M $16.50. The B remains a t $21.50. The new timers and gas tanks aill fit the old motors, and no doubt many Brown, Jr., owners will modernize their engines by replacing these parts. Baby Cyclone. The Baby Cyclone en- gine has been continuously improved since its conception. The present model F resembles the original model of three years ago in appearance only. This is a rotary-valve-type engine and comes niounted on a stand of which the gas tank is a part. The remote-control nee- dle valve is a great improvement, which prevents a lot of needle-valve breakage and makes possible the control of the gas away from the prop. The finned diiraluminum head reduces heat tempera- ture and acts as a spark-plug gasket. cvlinder - " num sleeve shrunk On. The piston is hardened and gound steel and precision lapped. The crankshaft is drop forged, hardened and ground of high-cprbon steel. Dennymite Engine. The Dennymite en- gine is available in three models. I n the De Lux Air Stream the cylinder i's of molybdenum iron and is streamlined, presenting a greater surface t o the air, which allows for better cooling. The pis- ton is made of the Same metal lapped t o fit. The crankcase is made of a spe- cial aluminum alloy and has an ex- tremely large bearing. The timer is fully guaranteed and you can get a free re- placement if yours ever fails. The car- buretor has a spring choke which is use- ful should the engine be cowled. The De Lux model has an extra long "down- drafty' exhaust stack and comes mounted on dural motor mounts. The Standard Air Stream comes with a regular exhaust stack and mounts. but without the spring choke. Specifications are the Same as the De Lux. The Denny Special has the old round cylinder head and comes witliout the streamlined outside exhaust stack and spring choke, but with dural mounts. Gwin Aero. The Gwin Aero is one of a line of engines produced by the Bunch Model Airplane Company. The Gwin has a steel cylinder and comes with a permanently fixed exhaust manifold. The manifold seems to be the only a p parent differesce between the Gwin and the Mighty Midget line. Both kits and engines are available in awmbled form, upright and inverted, and in kit form, upright or inverted. There is also the Mighty Marine engine, which is .like the Mighty Midget with a better bear- ing, and comes with a flywheel. A new addition to the line is the Speedway en- .&ne. which is like the Gwin Aero. and U , comes with a special flywheel. This en- gine is made especially for model race cars, which are rapidly gajning favor with model builders. All Bunch engines come with aluminum high-domed pis- tons and two rings. These engines in kit form have brought gas.engines within the reach of the average model builder. They are extremely simple to assemble and have proven very popular and satis- factory. These engine kits have all parts fully machined within very close tolerances, and require little or no skill in assembling. The only work to be done is the soldering of the gas tank, which comes complete with all metal parts formed. They now come with a timer system which is greatly improved over the original. Another new feature is the welded finned head. Gold Seal. The newest Gold Seal has undergone a metamorphosis so complete that one would never know it from the old 1938 model. EXTRA NEW BAY RIDGE DIAMOND DEMON SETS NAA RECORD Speial in AIR TRAILS CREEDMORE, L. 1.-What is expected to be a new NAA record for Class B gas rnodel airplanes was established here March 19, when Sal Taibi, 19, of Brook- lyn, N. Y., flew a Bay Ridge Diamond Demon to first place in the srnall rnotor event at a contest sponsored by the Metro- politan Model Airplane Council. The Dia- rnond Dernon averaged 3 rninutes 6 seconds on three flights, and on the third and final flight flew out of sight after eight rninutes and 12 seconds, on a twenty second rnotor run. The record has been forwarded to the National Aeronautic Association for certi- fication. The Diarnond Dernon, powered by an Ohlsson 23, was designed by Jerry Stoloff and the rneet was the first in which the plane has been entered. The ship has a Span of 48 inches and weighs 22 ounces cornplete, ready to fly. Prirnarily designed for a contest' s hi ~. the Dernon is unlike ;ist ships of t hi type, having received rnuch cornrnent because of the sirnplicity of construction. Other Bay Ridge ships also perforrned with rnarked success at the contest. The showroorn model of the Thermal Magnet, which was built primarily for display pur- poses, took second place in the large rnotor event, averaging 2:51 on three flights, the longest flight being better than four rnin- utes. Bay Ridge Mikes took third and ninth in the Class B cornpetition. More than 200 planes were flown by s me 125 entrants in the rneet. CONFI DENTI ALLY Bay Ridge didn't expect to announce the Diamond Demon for another month. How- ever, we know model builders and we' re Sure you'll want t o be the firct in your lo- cal i ty t o own this SUPER PERFORMER. The Diamond Demon is every inch a rec- ord breaker and that brilliant red and yel- low color i ob will gladden the eye of every builder. Complete kit, including airwheels but lesc motor . . . . . . ............ $2.95 post paid. C.O.D. orderc accepted. OH YES! The sensotional BAI RiDGE RE- WARD OFFER of a Brown. Jr. "D" to every first place winner who l i es a Thermal Magnet or Boy Rldge Mike to vlctory In a maior meet. holds good for the Dlamond Demon. A $5.00 voucher award to ncond place wlnners. All planes murt be built from Bay Ridge kits. Other kits: Thermal Magnet $4.95 ,with- out airwheels. DeLuxe kit ... ........... .... $7.50 Bay Ridge Mi ke $2.50 without airwheels. DeLuxe kit ... . ..................................... 33- 50 RUSH YOUR ORDER TODAY! BAY RIDGE MODEL AIRPLANE and SUPPLY CO. 232A 45th St. Brooklyn, N. Y. 79 able, or install tlie engine. gas tank, culation is very necessary to a high- speed raeer. Cut the blocks t o sicle and top view; use a template for the cireular front, and tlie shape of ttie firewall for the rear template. Leave the hlock flat a t the point where the front cwl i ng aperture is t o be cut. Thiv does not look streanilined while earving, but l wks swell when finished. giving a per f ect l ~ contoure~l side view withoul the cupping appearance often Hollow out with a cup& chisel or carving t wl . Make cut-outs for timer arm and drain. aiid test-fit over engine. Sand srnooth. dope, install p g s t o attach iipper half. and gliie d r e s ~ snaps in place. These latter are best ipcured by rougliing the sur- f a r ~ slightly, eovering with one eoat of glue, leaving until fsirly dry, and then gluing in place with a generons Bult t he engine wlidly t o t he mounts. Solder up a rectangular gas tank ( t o increase capaeity) , inelud- ing soine simple I, mounting brack- rt s, an<l l ul t t o Bulkheads No. 1 and No. Z. Use aii oilprwf rubber intake tube bent t o the right inside of t he tank. Lulder in place the leads t o the ground and breaker pi nt s . Carve aiid install t he lower tail block. The upper tail block is made in three piems. t he center 3/1< Rat piece whieb is also the fin. and the two I>lockr on earh side which are rarved t o fillrt the tin into the firse- lage. Cut the rudder loose. hinge with sheet metal. and glue the whole joint solid again. Adjust by bending an11 breathing on joint. Streamliiie the upper h before gluing into p s i - tm ori tlie fuselage. Ikave the base rectangular where i t fits between t he t wo side blocks. Carvr out noteh in rudder t o clear elevator strip. When these three p i ms are glued securely and dry, carefully carve t o shape, sand srnooth. and cleardope to a fin- Solder a wire extension t o the nee- dle valve. Slip a rubber tuhe on the rear of the intake tube and bend i n a circle so a s t o come out through a hole eut in t he left side or, if you iike, in the right side. Let this extend '/4n beyond the funnel-shaped blmk whirh catches the air, directing i t in10 the tube, This hops up your engine. The rear of the block is streamlined na shown, and a fmnt piece with only a sniall hole in i t s front should cover this furinel except when a record ron is desired. Otherwise your engine would get too hot, and be ruined in a short time. Keep the front .plug from faiiing out by usiiig dress siiaps. rubber bands arid hook-and-eye tiwku, or short dowels. Cover t he canopy nitli celluloid, gluing hlack paper strips along the edges and joiiits. Begiri wing co~istruction by sliding ribs into notrhes on nlain spar. Notch in the trailing edge. line u p witli yuur eye Irr pin to table t op witli tlie asaistance of small ba1.w blocks (jig blm-ks) . Gliie on the leaclirig e<lge. taking care that there is nia- teriai for triinming. I)ii't iiii~iervut tlic leatliiig or trailing edges. Carvc, plane, aiiil sanil carefully t o shape. Slip iri tiie I'"" Square spars. Centcr tlir p<lges x>f the I/" sheet roveriiig nri t h e e spars. Tlie aolid tips are shalxd before tlie wing is covered with sheet. ! hur e the control-line plate to Rib E on the left wiiig. Ciit a slot in \he sheet mvering t o let the ~ l a t e protrude. I>oriVt forget the <Tri- ter-section piece (short spar) that tits against Bulkliead No. ' 2 on the ship. Roughly carve t he spinner . LI> sliape, not coming near the final ili- inensions. Drill a hole iri the end, attacli t o a motor shaft with glue, aiid leave t o dry thoroiighly. Turn on the motor, bring t o shape with a rliix-I, kiiife, and sandpaper. Remove from shaft anil carve out inside t o fit a Tiger Fireball propeller, niit, an<l Iixk scww. Glue oii dress s n a p and dope to a finisli. Hmk up about a tliirty-five-pounil fish line to the bell crank: pul1 through eyelets. Secure wing in p h sition. Pass the mntrol lines through the guide g a t e on t he wing, attach to t he two fishing-tackle saivel joints. and finally t o the hooks illustrated. Be Sure to make one lead about thrcr inrhes longer than t he other t o keep them from interfering with earh other. Four of these wire hooks are needed. Two are for the long lines rhieli go to the eontrol handle. kr i gt h of line varies from Y5 to 50 feet. Balance t he r i i ~l e l by shifting or adding neights. There can k no test rlide with this ship. I t can't be thrown fast e nough~t o attain flying smed. Start with a power flight, hang on t o your hat. und before your hair t ums gray you will e-iperienee tlie "whirl-dizzy" performanee t hat niade us decide on t he name Night- mare. BILL OF MATERIALS 1/,2" s b e t . wing eovering ?&" plywood, iirewall and bulkhead '/," flat balsa, form er^. keels, trailing edge, ribs l/,,,; flat balsa. forrners, side pieees, planking, piece Z, ribs 34 X L/Zn hardwood erigine bearers Cowl blocks, supercharger bloek. tail bloeks, spiiiner, pilot block X'' flat tail surfaces, wing tips, main spar T/' x iqn tapered leading edge Clcar dope, glue, and hlack dope I / , h. p. engine (preferred) Celluloid, hhl i ne, tin, fiber bell crank, soft wire, piano wire, swivel joints, dress snaps, bolts, ~10t h hiiiges, ruhber bari<ls, Ii ardwml ~lowels, timer, t ms t c r bntteries, switch. h h l i g h t mlls, wood srrcw. eyelets, battery tray, pro- peller, b t e ~ clamps, har dwar l handle. aiid wheels. On me r a r hf, Indian Spring harne Moiwr/der oi. nening in th. amed kwcn of l!+e United Not ai . Ai hane, Indian. er. helplng amene vital um- dim, oil and t k e toi Amerko'i da- f-. No 016.r motorcyxk hos hdion's Spi'hg harne mnmuctia> hat givei yov the world's m h e t mo-ds ride. Spi i n~ Frame toker the bance l ut of h a iovghest rwds, Zips UP getawoy, oswisl .i.i.r, safer hindiing. 5.. your Indian d e a k k w "buyi" in remndi- tioned mohin.r. Gst fh. frea book h h o m b . h . winm6rUDOll't Hnge Hobby C&- Bi i i r md rmitnrltm L11 r l l h ..aiur oi nm md -11 n mi - ~i : b.ldr.~e. Bu i i l md r,iioder irr mwbl nd ilOLT .L5 Cnl. "PROSTIER" modrl kl t . 5%' b.,,.l . . . . . .. ... . . . . . . .$I.U COLT 8s C.I. "VBOKTIEB" mm.1 LI,. i' b..nl. 1.10 POLT t S AuLOmlli- PIsLOl XI1 . . . . . . 1.- COLT 25 ril wIe.1k Dl ~ l Ol kII . . . . . . . . . . . .Y THOYPSOS BUB MACH:TE Gl'N modrl k I I . L- Sir..a CLI $2 i u ~ l o PLilOl k l t . . . . . . . . .I3 LUDER t MIM .um. DISW kl i r l C -11 ... .. 1.1s LCDEB 0 311Y nute DLDI Li, - / V bmu . . . . 1.- AII k b di Diilkl M 4 -2. . ?iU 1. 0. S. 1 c u n wD u m. n r . r r - r s a mn . H i i ~ ~ ~ m I I )i,ii ~i i oi i l i i ki i ow iiii,ri. i i Ii i >i i l i i II 1.3 ino<l*ix ~lvxcri1,i.d i i i iiilr , I t . . . srii<l ,,,,ig n~ t~ ! ur <.a>i,s Hwrr i* j i i wr i i I>iiieiil kI t ra1i;v 10 I i ~ i i l i l i i l i i i Corlliwliilr l i l i vi i i y. L OCKHE E D I NTERCEPTER Kt t ! SCALE FOR THE FELLOWS WH0 LlKE SPEED PLUS REALISM ATHEK 'rouiid, you scale coiitrol-liiie faiis! You slweti tmys take heed, too, becaiise here is a little replica that will tleliglit both. Tlie Grumman F8F-1 "Bearcat" is as neat a little fighter as has ever cleaved the old ozone. Had the war continiied aiiotlier few nionths, even weeks, impressive Scores would uridoiihtedly have k n chalked up by tliis agile, hard-hittiiig iighter. Although not niuch inforniation has Ixeii released oii this aircraft, it is known that it has an engine with greater horsepower than that of its oIder brother, the Hellcat (pliis a foiir-hlatled Aero prol)), yet has a sinaller spaii than the faniecl Wilclcat ! l t s cliiiib rivals that of the Navy's spectacular jet Fighter, the Ryaii Fireball, and tlie Fireball has tlie advaiitage of both jet and cdnveiitiorial engines. The maneuverability of the niodel is a sort of scaled-dowii version of the real aircraft, as it is both fast and easily coiitrolled. Fuselage: Tack eiilarged plans of the Uearcat to a siiiooth,, flat surface, placing waxed paper over tliem for protection froiii the glue. Cut keels: one top, oiie bottoni, and four sides froni :j/l," mediuni sheet bal d and place top aiicl hottom in correct ~msitiori over plans. Lay two pieces of . ?/ i oW sqiiare stock along thiiist liiie oii plaris also, these foniiing a base for hatch divisioii. Kote that top 3/16" Square piece goes only as far as fornier 6a. Now plaee formers. wliich have beeii carefullv iiit froiii niecliuiii sheet, , .. - in correct places, usiiig a good gratle of iiiwlel ceiiieiit iii tlie joirits. Be certaiii that top an<] bottoiii halves froiii 1 to 6 are correctly aligned with each other. After all foriiiers ( 1 to 8 ) Iiave beeii ceniented in place, put :j: sitle keels iii place, tliese runniiig parallel with the two placed 011 plans along the line of thrust. By this tinie, you should Iiave a half fuselage constructetl, iiiiiiiis plankiiig, and three laminated nose foriiiers. Carefully reniove this fraiiie froni plaiis, niakiiig siire you Iiave allowed cenient to dry tlioroughly. I'lace correslmiiding foriiier pieces in jmsition ori tlie riglit half of the keel. followirig tlie saiiie procedure as the first half. Ceiiieiit tliree laininated nose foriiiers and plywood firewall in place, Iiaviiig previoirsly ciit iiotches in fire- wall to acconimodate iiiotor iiiouiits-their width I~eiiig (leteriiiiiied by eiigine used. Planking is iiext. SIiis is dorie with :%'' l)y iiieciiuiii sttxik, tapered to fit, starting aft of the cockliit. This is prohahly the most tedious oart of the whole coiistruction. Start I)y laying a piece alongside top keel aiid oiie alongsitle Iwttom keel oii eacli side. I)o not ceiiieiit Iwtweeii tliese two pieces, as this ia where the Iiatch divides. Work oii the lower portioii of tlie fuselage First ; for eacli piece laid oii wie side, place a correslx)iidiiig piece oii tlie otlier. This way tlie fiiselage will not 1)ecoiiie (listortetl froiii too rnuch oull on one side. Plank tlie tov Iialf. theii iise a thuiiil) or iiiodeler's Cut cockpit olxiiiiig iii top Iiatch. hiit leave bottoni wing "seat" uiicut uiitil wing i s huilt antl can he Fitted iiito place. Dotted por- tioii oii ~)laiis is part tliat will he reiiiovetl to receive wing. Ciit hetweeii 6 antl 6a to niake top Iiatch reiiiovable. lnstall ig!iitioii after wiiig is coiiil)leted aiid ceiiieiitetl in place, locatiiig coil, batteries, etc.. iii locatioiis sliowii oti plaiis. Ciit hole iii cowl to allow eiigine, iieedle valve. aiid tinier ariii to coiiie through. Cut caiiopy iiiold froiii Iiardw(x><l. Kote tliat froiii the front view, tlie Idister 1)iilges slightly. giviiig it a cross section like an inverted tish howl. Purcliase a Inittle of "celliiloid ~)lasticizer"-a liquid that iiiakes celluloi(l soft aiid ~)lialile-at your iiiodel sliol). Follow nianu- facturer's (lirectiiiiis to foriii a iieat. clear canopy. C'enieiit i i i place wlien niotlel Iias Iiacl its Iaht roat of (lolx. ll.'itiy: Coiistriiction t)i wiiig is siiiil)le aiitl qiiick, -yet results in a stroiig, iieat surface. 1.ay oiit wiiig 1)laii oii >{ " sheet, niarking spar aiid rih 1)ositioiis. ['iit oiit aiid divide at ceiiter. Prop up each til) 1" ahove workheiich for correct tlilierlral, I~iit do iiot ceiiient at reiiter. Ctit rilx B, .C, I+:, 1: . G. aiitl I1 fr~iiii Iiartl !{ ," sheet. rihs A and D froiii :>{,2" slieet. Slmr is ciit froni Iiard sheet or pine. plane to siiiooth off planking. Add solitl Imisa taii stiib and sand OThe completed rnodel in all its glory, ready and waiting to fly. Note with progressively fiiier gradea of sandlmper until a smooth, even how oll the little details such as decals really finish a good scale job. contour is obtained. T HE Short Empire flying boat, designed for Imperial Airways' far-flung routes to the East and for tlie transatlantic service, is a giant as airplanes go. The Span of the four-motored monoplane is 114 ft., and the length is 88 ft. 6 in. The heiglit froni the wa- ter line when afloat is 24 ft. Construction is of meta1 throughout. For day service, 24'passengers are carried. As a sleeper, 16 passengers will be carried. The Crew numbers five. The four Pegasus 740 h.p. engines are expected to yield a top speed of approximately 200 m.p.h., and a cruising speed of 150-160 m.p.h. The wing flaps are of generous area and permit a reasonable landing speed. Our %'' scale model is of the Caledonia, the second Empire boat of a series of twenty-nine to be constructed. It differs from the Canopzts, the first to be completed, in that the Canopzfs is to be placed on the Mediterranean liop in the India service, while tlie Caledonia is said to be intended for Atlantic flights. Incidentally, the princi- pal difference between these two boats that is evident to the eye is in the number of windows. Since the weight of the Caledonia is 5,000 lbs. more than that of the tng gear. Ocean Air-Liner place. Provide small holes to take the pointed ends of the dowels and force each wing panel in place, using plenty of ceinent. The fillets are molded from wood filler. Carve the wing tip floats to shape from S" square balsa. After sanding theiii carefully, mount them oii streamlined or rounded bamboo struts. Do not add the bracing threads until the painting has been completed. The four propellers are cut from scraps and are mounted on pins so that they are free to turn. Note that they are all left liand, in accordance with European ~agi opus and as most of the windows have been omitted on the Cnledonia, it is probable that interior arrange- ments are designed for larger fuel ca- pacity on the ocean-hopping ship. To start construction, trim a soft block down to the required outside hull dimensions. Draw the side profile of the body on the block and cut away the excess wood. On the top of the partially caned block, mark tlie top outline and again shave away the surplus wood. Round and shape the liull as required by the block Cross sections given. Drill two holes for the %" dowels. Sand the block to a satin finish. Cut the tail surfaces from sheet balsa and Sand smooth, rounding the leading edges and pointing the trailing edges. Cement the finished tail units in position. The wings are made in two halves ,and are cut from G'' balsa. Carve to the proper airfoil sections, cliecking with the patterns given on the plans. Slant the inner ends, which fit against the fuselage, to allow for the proper dihedral. Cut out sections , in the- leading edges to accomniodate the engine nacelles and Sand the finished panels. The nacelles are carved to the required shapes f ~ o m 1" square balsa. After a trial fit, cement tliem in engine custom. Give the model several filler coats of clear varnish, sanding lightly be- tween eacli coa't with very fine Paper. Finish' the ship in silver, niaking all triin and letters black. Put the thread bracing wires on the tip floats and construct the beaching gear and dolly. ~l i e s e last-named articles of equipment are used to facilitate the handling of the real Empire flying boats. A front view photograph of the beaching gear appeared in AIR TRAILS for October. The model beaching gear may be made demountable by embedding pins in it for attachment to the hull. To display the model, the beach- ing gear and dolly will hold far niore attraction than a stand. MATERIALS 1 1 1 ~ x 2 ~ ~ 1 ~ ~ ' 1 18x%Ir dowel 1 ~ ~ 3 x 1 3 " 1 S I 1 sq. x4" 1 %x2x12" $ 02. cement 1 54x3~6" clear varnish 1 1" sq. x Y wood filler 1 &x%x6" black #60 thread silver atid black paint 93 RUMPLER "TAUBE" the correct wing alignment. Engine mounting bolts are cemented firmly behind the firewall before installing it. Dummy radiators add a bit of scale realism. However, the left one may be omitted if it inter- feres with timer or fuel shut-off installations. A timer cut-off can be installed in the front cockpit. Turtledeck sheeting is fitted and applied-the edge between the 1/16 inch sides and the 1/32 inch deck- ing being sanded away. Since some Half-A engines do not prime readily due to weak crankcase vacuum, the original model employed a gravity tank made to replace the rear dummy cylinders. Other tank installations are suitable. The simple aluminum exhaust shield'or baffle is recommended to reduce the'fire hazard and to keep the ,nose section clear of excess oil. Thrust line can be raised if necessary in altering former "A" for installation of other engines, and the height of the dummy cylinders can be changed to match that of the engine's cylinder. As modified from true scale, the wings are simple and efficient for model use. The curved, laminated leading edge is the only unusual aspect, and is an- other construction feature used widely in England. The strips are thoroughly water-soaked and, be- ginning with the inner one which is bent against a row of pins (working over the wing plan), the succeeding strips are pinned and liberally cement- ed to the proper outline. When dry the curvature is retained. Continue wing assembly with trailing edges, tip parts and ribs. Since the spar strips curve and pass the ribs at an angle, it is best to cut the notches in the outer ribs, as the spars (also water-soaked) are fitted. Raise wing frame from the work board to add lower spars, then cut edges and spars as necessary to add polyhedral. Block to position and permit wing to dry thoroughly. The plug-in tongue should be mounted parallel to the work board when the wing is blocked to correct dihedral. Cement it firmly and later check to See that it makes a firm friction fit in the fuselage box. Round off leading edges, .taper trailing edges and tips and sand. Laminated edges are used in the stabili%er, formed in Same manner as the wing leading edges. Build the spars and ribs as one unit, the curved edges and trailing edge as another, then join the two after they have dried. Add the h a v y inner ribs and Sand the structure preparatory to coveriiig. Build the rudder of medium sheet, noting grain directions, and the small dowel stiffener. Tail skid is attached by bindihg and cementing as shown. For once, dispense with the sponge donut wheels and dig yp a pair of old-style hardwood wheels for realism. The gear struts are bent to shape, sewed and cemented to the fuselage, bound and soldered to axle. Simulate spokes by painting if desired. Jap tissue is the covering material. We use and recommend Butyrate dope, which is used as ordi- nary clear dope but which is fuel proof and fire resistant. It is available in colors. Clear dope can be tinted or colored with dye, colors-in-oil, etc. Our Taube wings. were left white with black Maltese crosses, the fuselage being painted a bright color. If you use Silkspan, add a plasticizer in the dope to avoid brittleness. Balance the model near the back of the plug-in tongue. Add clay in nose or tail to achieve this C. G. location. Make hand glides to determine trim, adjusting stabilizer incidence as necessary. First power flights should be of short duration with rich Setting. The Taube can be flown to right or left, although the original model climbed to the left in tight spirals and glided to left in large cir- cles. Slight downthrust will likely be needed. This model is a real flyer and has been in use for over a year. Ted has had some fine thermal fliqhts; See unretouched photo on pq. 32