Equations and Constants

NA = 6.022 x 1023 me = 9.10939 x 10-31kg R = 8.314 J/mol K = 0.08206 L atm/mol K c = 2.998 x 108 m/sec h = 6.626 x 10-34 J s

RRydberg = 1.096776 x 107 m-1 1 atm = 760 mmHg = 760 torr = 1.01325 bar = 1.01325 x 105 Pa
urms = 3 RT MM
x= b b 2 4ac 2a

PV = nRT q = mcT

PA = A PTotal

E = q + w

dw = -pdV

H = E + PV

Horxn = mHof (products) nHof (reactants)

E = h
=
h mu

c =
p= h

En = -(2.18 x 10-18J) 1/n2 (Hydrogen Atom) KE = mu2

KE(electron) = h
1 1 1 = R Rydberg n2 n2 1 2

(where n2 > n1)

pH = -log[H+]

pOH = -log[OH-]

pH + pOH = 14

KaKb = Kw

Kw = 1.0 x 10-14 (at 25oC)

M1V1 = M2V2

Table of Electronegativities
H 2.1 Li Be 1.0 1.5 Na Mg 0.9 1.2 B C N O F 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 Al Si P S Cl 1.5 1.8 2.1 2.5 3.0

K Ca Sc Ti V Cr Mn Fe Co Ni Cu Zn Ga Ge As Se Br 0.8 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.5 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.9 1.6 1.6 1.8 2.0 2.4 2.8

EXAM 1 KEY

Spring 2010

Chemistry 1100 25 Questions 4 Points Each

50 Minutes

1. Lead (II) nitrate is a poisonous substance which has been used in the manufacture of special explosives and as a sensitizer in photography. Calculate the mass of lead in 139g of Pb(NO3)2. (Molar Masses: Pb 207.2 g/mol, N 14.0 g/mol, O 16.0 g/mol) (A) 87.0 g (B) 62.6 g (C) 90.8 g (D) 107 g (E) 83.4 g

2. A solution containing 70.0% HF by mass has a density of 1.25 g/mL. Its molarity, with respect to HF (Molar Mass: 20.0 g/mol) is (A) 84.3 M (B) 35.5 M (C) 43.8 M (D) 28.0 M 3. The coefficient of KOH in the balanced equation is (basic solution) (E) 10

? Cr2O3 + ? KOH +? O2 ? K2CrO4 + ? H2O (A) 2 (B) 4 (C) 6 (D) 8

4. Sodium chlorate is used as an oxidizer in the manufacture of dyes, explosives and matches. Calculate the mass of solute needed to prepare 1.575 L of 0.00250 M NaClO3 (Molar Mass = 106.45 g/mol) (A) 169 g (B) 0.419 g (C) 419 g (D) 0.00394 g (E) 0.169 g

5. What is the concentration of CH3OH (32.0 g/mol) in 0.20 L of an aqueous solution that contains 55 g of methanol (CH3OH)? (A) 1.7 M (B) 0.34 M (C) 8.6 M (D) 2.9 M

6. What is the empirical formula for the substance with this elemental analysis: Na 54.0%, B 8.50%, O 37.5% .

B Na O (A) Na3BO3

Atomic Molar Masses 10.8 gmol1 23.0 gmol1 16.0 gmol1 (B) Na4BO4 (C) Na2B2O3 (D) NaB2O2

7. The simplest formula of a substance is found to be CH2O, and its approximate molar mass is found by experiment to be 93 gmol1. What is its exact molar mass? Atomic Molar Masses 12.0 gmol1 1.0 gmol1 16.0 gmol1

C H O

(A) 30.0 gmol1 (B) 87.0 gmol1 (C) 90.0 gmol1 (D) 93.0 gmol1 8. What will be the final volume of a solution prepared by diluting 25 mL of 8.25 M sodium hydroxide to a concentration of 2.40 M? (A) 210 mL (B) 330 mL (C) 86 mL (D) 60 mL (E) 7.3 mL 9. A 5.00 g sample of a metal reacts with 4.00 g of oxygen gas, O2, to form an oxide with a formula MO. What is the atomic molar mass of the metal? Atomic Molar Masses 16.0 gmol1

(A) 10.0 (B) 16.0 (C) 20.0 (D) 40.0 (E) 80.0 10. How many grams of aluminum chloride can one obtain from 6.00 mol of barium chloride?

Al2(SO4)3 + 3BaCl2 3BaSO4 + 2AlCl3 Atomic Molar Masses 27.0 gmol1 35.5 gmol1 (B) 801 g (C) 534 g (D) 134 g

Al Cl (A) 1250 g

11. Calculate Keq in terms of molar concentration for the reaction

2NH3(g) N2(g) + 3H2(g)

when the equilibrium concentration moles per liter are: N2 = 0.02, H2 = 0.01, NH3 = 0.10. (A) 2 106 (B) 5 103 (C) 5 105 (D) 5 107

12. According to the BrnstedLowry definition, bases, when reacting with acids (A) (D) give up protons. (B) form hydronium ions. accept protons. (C) lose electrons.

(E) accept electrons.

13. What is the oxidation number of phosphorus in H3PO2? (A) +1 (B) +2 (C) +3 (D) +4

14. When equal volumes of 0.1 M solutions of HCl and NaOH are mixed, the total number of ions present after reaction will be approximately (A) twice as great as before mixing. (C) half as great as before mixing. mixing. (E) (B) the same as before mixing. (D) 107 times as great as before

1014 times as great as before mixing.

15. HCl is a strong acid. What is the pH of 200 mL of 0.002 M HCl? (A) 2.0 (B) 2.7 (C) 3.4 (D) 4.0 (E) 1.5

16. The pH of a solution is 5. If the pH of this solution is decreased to 2, by what factor is the concentration of hydrogen ion increased? (A) 2 1/2 (B) 3 (C) 10 (D) 100 (E) 1000

17. What is the pH of a 0.01 M NaOH solution? (A) 1012 (B) 12 (C) 12 (D) 2 (E) 2

18. Balance the net ionic equation for the reaction ? Al + ? Cu2+ ? Al3+ + ? Cu using no fractional coefficients. The net charge on each side of the balanced equation is (A) 0 (B) +2 (C) +3 (D) +6 (E) +5

19. How many moles of sulfur dioxide, SO2, can be produced from 160 g of sulfur and 320 g of oxygen? Atomic Molar Masses 32. gmol1 16. gmol1 (B) 5.0 mol (C) 7.5 mol (D) 10.0 mol

S O (A) 2.5 mol

20. One liter of a 0.100 M solution of HNO3 would be neutralized by what volume of 0.400 M Ba(OH)2? (A) 0.125 L (B) 0.50 L (C) l.0 L (D) 2.0 L (E) 4.0 L

21. Assume that the reaction between hydrogen, H2, and oxygen, O2, goes to completion. Which statement is true if 10.0 g of hydrogen is mixed with 64.0 g of oxygen and ignited? Atomic Molar Masses 1.01 gmol1 16.0 gmol1

H O (A) (B) (C) (D)

The limiting reagent is oxygen. 74 g of water will form. 3 mol of hydrogen will be left over after the reaction. 68 g of water will form.

22. Iron has an oxidation number of +6 in (A) (B) (C) Fe3O4 Fe(CN)64 Fe2O3 (D) (E) FeOH2+ BaFeO4

23. A solution that has pH of 8 is (A) (B) (C) very acidic. very basic. slightly acidic. (D) (E) slightly basic. exactly neutral.

24. Ethanol, CH3CH2OH, sodium hydroxide, NaOH, strontium chloride, SrCl2, potassium phosphate, K3PO4, and cesium oxalate, Cs2C2O4, are soluble in water. Which produces the largest number of dissolved particles per mole of dissolved solute? (A) CH3CH2OH (B) NaOH (C) SrCl2 (D) K3PO4 (E) Cs2C2O4

25. Select the net ionic equation for the reaction between ammonium sulfate and barium nitrate. (NH4)2SO4 (aq) + Ba(NO3)2 (aq) BaSO4 (s) + 2NH4NO3 (aq) A. B. C. D. E. Ba2+ (aq) Ba (s) (NH4)2SO4 (aq) 2NH4+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) NH4+ (aq) + NO3- (aq) (NH4)NO3 (aq) (NH4)2SO4 (aq) + Ba(NO3)2 (aq) BaSO4 (s) + 2NH4NO3 (aq) Ba2+ (aq) + SO42- (aq) BaSO4 (s)