Transportation pavement structure

History of the road building Kornl Almssy

History to the XIX century

In the life of the great empirerity at the past were very important the road network developement:
For the Kheops pyramid, an 1005 m long, 18 m wide stone lap paved road were built. It was such a huge achivement, like the Kheops construction itselft.- said Herodotos In Peru, nowadays still have been only reach the Machu Pichu on the road of the inkas. In China already in the III. millienium were built the empire road network.

History to the XIX century

The Silk road were built on more line from the 3. Millienium B.C. The road had linked the Mediterranium, the Persian bay, India and Chinese Empirerty still the late Middle Ages. We could find well bulit army road network in the cradle of the european culture, at the assyrian and babylonian empires. In the capitals of the empires were paved with stoneplate the roads to the sanctuary and its gap were stilled by natural asphalt. Also from assyrian empire come the first roadact about B.C. 700.

 The romans developed long term durable roads with big capacity. On the onetime province still have been found small parts of roads which had been built by the Romans. They already worked watchfully, especially when they built the state maintanenced roads (via publica). The romans knew the importance of drainage and groundwork, they were master of dyke and cutting buildup. Next to the building they maintaned their roads. The Senats of Rome decided the building of Via Appia and the buildup of radiometric network structure. The roman empire typically built up roads with roof section and emphasise the drainage of the pavement. Therefore at this type of roads were built gutters on both side. Fot

History to the XIX century

History to the XIX century

The mean important roman roads were 10 m wide with a traffic in two direction. After the moving of the greenery they formed the gutters on both side and compacted the soil with a hand pulled heavy roller. For the compacted soil they dumped flat stone in more layer and after that fraction stone. At the pleated stoneplate they took limebounded conrete and in to this pillow were laid the paving stones. Fot

History to the XIX century

The quality of the roman road network:
24-120 km transit/day Runner: 240 km/ day with a changeable horses in rest station 80.000 km lenght road network in six century Road network lined Rome to the MiddleEast and the farest african province. Fot

History to the XIX century

After the failure of Roman Empire hadnot been road building. The next road building demand started after the industrial revolution. 17 th Century in Europe deveolped the french and english road building methods: First french road inspector nominated by the king 1699 Foundation the Brigde and Road Building Engineering Highschool -1747 Pierre Tresaguet a french engineer entered the pleated stone based modern road structure in 1764. First a top standed stone base were placed and small stone were spread to wedge the voids. For this layer a 15 cm thick crushed stone layer were laid and finally the top of the structure were taken 5-10 cm thick broken stone.

History to the XIX century

In England First turnpike law -1663 According to Pierre Tresaguets technic, John Metcalf built 300 km lenght roads in England. 1820- Thomas Telford developed an more apropiate pleated stone base method with more punctual spreaded stones. John Loudon Mac Adam Revolution in the road building 1822. His idea an only 25 cm thick pavement structure in summary.

History to the XIX century

Pavement structures in the XIX century

Standard problems with the macadam maintaning: replacement of the smaller grains, dusty and noisy Show up the cube stone in the bigger towns. (18 cm and 8 cm the lenght of the edge) 1829,Tarmacadam in Lyon for bounding the dusty and smaller grains. Were discovered the naturalasphalt in 1837 by the european constructers. (Imported from Trinidad)

Appearing the oil

Oil destilation for the petrol

Destilation remains:bitumen Asphalt Macadam Rolled Asphalt Cast Asphalt

History of the road building