Eu Ui Wordlist Ep Final

Upper Intermediate wordlist with English Profile level description
Wordlist
a good thing a high level of a high profile a lot of ability about abruptly absentmindedly absolutely absorb noun adverb adverb adverb adverb verb B1 C1
Part of speech
noun phrase noun phrase noun phrase A1 B1 A1 C2 B2 B2
Definition
If it's a good thing that something happened, it is lucky that it happened.
Example
Its a good thing I didnt send that email.
Unit
Unit 08
If someone or something has a high level of A focus puller requires a high level of expertise. something, they have a large amount of that thing. If someone or something has a high profile, they receive a lot of public attention. a large amount of the physical or mental skill or qualities that you need to do something used before a number or amount to mean approximately suddenly and unexpectedly as though you are thinking about something else completely to understand and remember facts that you read or hear Can you name someone from your country with a high profile internationally? Theres a lot of laughing, shouting and screaming and crying as well. Satellites give us the ability to look at our planet with a global perspective. About eight out of ten people said they usually got their bread at the supermarket. Our conversation was abruptly terminated. He was playing absent-mindedly with his pen. The plot was absolutely ridiculous. It's hard to absorb so much information.
Unit 09
Unit 09 Unit 04 Unit 10 Unit 11 Unit 06 Unit 05 Unit 13 Unit 08
abstract academic accent accept access accidentally acclaim accompany
adjective adjective noun verb noun adverb noun verb
B2 B2 B1 B1 B1 B2
Abstract art involves shapes and colours and not images of real things or people. related to education, schools, universities, etc
Well, its a kind of abstract sculpture, maybe a monument. Schools should focus on academic subjects rather than vocational training.
Unit 04 Unit 03
the way in which someone pronounces words, influenced by the country or area they come from, an American accent or their social class to agree to take something that is offered to you when you have the right or opportunity to use or see something by chance or by mistake praise from a lot of people I don't think we can accept that. Are patients given access to their own medical records? I accidentally locked myself out of my flat. Shes won international acclaim and awards.
Unit 08
Unit 13 Unit 12 Unit 02 Unit 10 Unit 03 Unit 10 Unit 10 Unit 09 Unit 07 Unit 06 Unit 06 Unit 14 Unit 11 Unit 09 Unit 09
B1 C1 B1 C2 C1 B2 B2 B1
to happen or exist at the same time as something else
accomplishmen noun t according to accountable accusation accuse accuse achieve across-theboard act as active preposition adjective noun verb verb verb adjective phrasal verb adjective
The teachers' book is accompanied by a video cassette. Her greatest accomplishment would be if, one when you succeed in doing something good day, her work wasnt needed! According to one version, he was blown off course as said by someone or shown by something by bad weather. having to be responsible for what you do and able On a film set, everybody is accountable to the to explain your actions director. when you say that someone has done something He made a number of accusations against his bad former colleagues. She has been accused of using his password to to say that someone has done something bad delete information. to say that someone has done something bad to succeed in doing something good, usually by working hard happening or having an effect on people at every level and in every area to do a particular job, especially one that you do not normally do very involved in an organization or planned activity He was falsely accused of murder. What do you hope to have achieved after six months in the job? There has been an across-the-board improvement. I act as a representive for our members at different events. I play quite an active part in the Screenwriters' Guild.
B2 B2
actress acupuncture adapt adjustment admin admit advance advertising advisable advise
noun noun verb noun noun verb adjective noun adjective verb
A2
B2 B2
a woman whose job is to perform in plays and films a way of treating pain or illness by putting thin needles into different parts of the body to change a book or play so that it can be made into a film or television programme
His mother was an actress. Acupuncture is considered to be an alternative medicine. Both novels have been adapted for television.
Unit 04 Unit 12 Unit 04
a slight change that you make to something so We've made a few adjustments to the schedule. that it works better, fits better, or is more suitable the work of organising and arranging the operation of something such as a business to agree that you did something bad, or that something bad is true happening or ready before an event the business of trying to persuade people to buy products or services If something is advisable, it will avoid problems if you do it. to make a suggestion about what you think someone should do or how they should do something to make a suggestion about what you think someone should do or how they should do something someone whose job is to give advice about a subject relating to beauty and the way something looks people of a particular age He works in the admin department. He admitted that he didnt want a job. advance planning/warning an advertising agency Its advisable to get tickets for one act only. Id advise against it.
Unit 05
Unit 08 Unit 06 Unit 08 Unit 06 Unit 04
B1
B2
B1
Unit 11
advise advisor aesthetic age group agree agree alarm clock alien
verb noun adjective noun verb verb noun adjective
B1 C1
His doctor advised him to take time off work. a financial advisor the aesthetic appeal of cats job training for people in the 16-24 age group Are we all agreed on that? Im afraid we cant agree to cancel the entire cost. My alarm clock went off at six. an alien spacecraft
Unit 11
Unit 14 Unit 05 Unit 01 Unit 05 Unit 13 Unit 08 Unit 10
A2 B1 A2
to have the same opinion as someone to decide something with someone a clock that you can set to wake you up at a particular time with a loud noise relating to creatures from another planet
alive all in all all sorts of things allegation allocate allow all-purpose ally alternative alternative (noun) alternatively ambassador amid amuse amuse analysis ancient and all that
adjective phrase noun phrase noun verb verb adjective noun adjective noun adverb noun preposition verb verb noun adjective phrase
B1 B2 A2 C1 C1 C1
living, not dead considering everything many different things when you say that someone has done something wrong or illegal, without proof that this is true
Are your grandparents still alive? All in all, you have to admit thats not a bad result! There's sweets, toys and all sorts of things. allegations of corruption
Unit 11
C1 B2 B2 B2 B2 C1 B2 B2 B2 B1 B1
to give some time, money, space, etc to be used for The government has promised to allocate extra a particular purpose money for health care. Satellites allow us to look at our planet with a to make it possible for someone to do something global perspective. used to do many different things an all-purpose tool someone who supports you, especially when other These people became our allies. people are against you different from something else but able to be used We can make alternative arrangements if instead of it necessary. one of two or more things that you can choose It's a low-fat alternative to butter. between used to give a second possibility the main official sent by the government of a country to represent it in another country while something else is happening to make someone smile or laugh Alternatively, he could hide somewhere and wait. the French ambassador to Britain Security was increased amid fears of further terrorist attacks. Was the structure built just to amuse people?
Unit 12 Unit 10 Unit 05 Unit 10 Unit 06 Unit 13 Unit 07 Unit 04 Unit 06 Unit 04 Unit 07 Unit 14 Unit 04 Unit 01
to keep someone interested and help them to have I bought a magazine to amuse myself while I was an enjoyable time on the train. the process of examining the details of something a detailed analysis carefully It's a historic town with some very impressive very old ancient buildings and statues. Stellas bringing some Indian pop Bollywood and everything related to the subject mentioned music and all that .
and so forth and so on and stuff and things and what have you and whatnot android angel angle announce anonymous answer answer to antibiotic anticipate anxiety anywhere apart from apologise
phrase phrase phrase phrase phrase phrase noun noun noun verb adjective noun phrasal verb noun verb noun adverb phrase verb C2 C1 B2 A2 B1 B1 B1 C1 B1 C2 B1 A2 B1 B1
together with other similar things together with other similar things and other things, which may or may not be similar or related and other things of a similar type and other similar things and other things of a similar type a robot machine controlled by computer which is made to look like a human
What about games and activities and so forth? The meals all planned the starters, meat dishes, vegetarian dishes and so on. Ill bring some salsa and meringue and stuff. By vegetarian dishes, do you mean salads and things? I think we should stick with balloons and what have you. OK, now what about snacks and whatnot. We watched a movie about androids.
a spiritual creature like a human with wings, who a statue of an angel some people believe lives with God in heaven the way you think about a situation to tell people about something officially or with force or confidence not giving a name a solution to a problem Try looking at the problem from my angle. She announced that shed require indoor parking for her moped. an anonymous phone call At what time of day do you find it easiest to find out answers to problems?
Unit 04 Unit 10 Unit 11 Unit 06 Unit 07 Unit 09
to take orders from, obey and explain your actions On a film set, everybody answers to the director. to someone Im going to give you a couple of prescriptions. a medicine which cures infections by destroying One of thems an antibiotic, the others a harmful bacteria painkiller. to expect something, or to prepare for something to anticipate a problem before it happens the feeling of being very worried That explains his anxiety about her health. It can be anywhere between two hundred and in or to any place four hundred people. Nobody knows about this apart from a few except for or in addition to friends. to tell someone that you are sorry about He apologised for the interruption. something you have done
Unit 12
apology appalled apparently appeal appear in (sth) appear to applicant application apply appoint appointment appreciate
noun adjective adverb verb phrasal verb phrasal verb noun noun verb verb noun verb
B1 C2 B2 B2 B1 B1
something you say or write to say that you are sorry about something you have done extremely shocked or upset used to say that something seems to be true, although it is not certain to interest or attract someone to perform in a film, play, etc. to seem to
I would like to receive a formal apology from the directors of the hotel. I was appalled by his words and refused to pay. Apparently, he goes to quite a good school. That doesnt really appeal to me. She appeared in his latest movie.
Unit 08 Unit 08 Unit 03 Unit 03 Unit 04 Unit 05 Unit 11 Unit 12 Unit 14 Unit 04 Unit 12 Unit 14
B1 B1 C1 A2 B2
The gentleman standing at the table appears to be opening the family jewel-box. someone who applies for a job There were over fifty applicants for the job. There were more than fifty applications for the an official request for a job post. to request something, usually officially, especially What are your reasons for applying for this by writing or sending in a form position? to officially choose someone for a job a time you have arranged to meet someone or go somewhere to feel grateful for something He was appointed as company director last year. How easy is it to make an appointment at a clinic or with a doctor? We very much appreciated the efforts you made.
apprenticeship noun approach appropriate approve arch archaeologist noun adjective verb noun noun B2 B2 B1 C2 C1
when someone learns the skills needed to do a job Employees whove done apprenticeships are by working for someone who already has skills better than those with paper qualifications. and experience A different approach would be to inform the head a way of doing something of the lab. suitable or right for a particular situation or Is this film appropriate for young children? person The council has approved plans for a new to allow or officially agree to something shopping centre. a curved structure that usually supports You enter the palace through a grand marble something, for example a bridge or wall arch. someone who studies ancient cultures by looking for and examining their buildings, tools, and other He is an archaeologist. objects
Unit 03
Unit 07 Unit 14 Unit 12 Unit 04
Unit 10
area arise arm wrestle arnica arrest artificial as as far as as long as as you know ashamed ask asleep assess assignment assist assistance associate assume
noun verb noun noun verb adjective conjunction phrase phrase phrase adjective verb adjective verb noun verb noun verb verb
B2 C1
a part of a subject or activity to start to happen or exist a contest in which two people try to press each other's arm down to see who is stronger
Ill be looking at four main areas. I'll let you know if any vacancies arise. He challenged me to an arm wrestle.
B1 B2 A2 B2 B1 B1 B1 A1 B1 B2 C1 B2 B2 B2 B2
a substance used to treat minor injuries such as He gave me arnica for the bruising. bruises If the police arrest someone, they take them away to ask them about a crime which they might have She was arrested for hacking into his computer. committed. not natural, but made by people an artificial flower/lake If I were you, Id go for the second as it offers because value for money. As far as I can remember it was the fifteenth as much as century. used when you are talking about something that must happen before something else can happen used to emphasize that someone does know what you are referring to feeling guilty or embarrassed about something you have done to say something to someone as a question which you want them to answer Theres a chance the ISPs will take action as long as they can all agree to act together. As you know, money was recently allocated for improvements to the caf. You've got nothing to be ashamed of.
Unit 12
Unit 06
Unit 12 Unit 03 Unit 07 Unit 08 Unit 01 Unit 03 Unit 14 Unit 14 Unit 12 Unit 02
If you dont mind me asking, whats the big hurry? I fell asleep I started to sleep as soon as my head sleeping or not awake hit the pillow. to make a judgment about the quality, size, value, The tests are designed to assess a child's reading etc of something skills. a piece of work or job that you are given to do to help help to relate two things, people, etc in your mind to think that something is likely to be true, although you have no proof a written assignment The army assisted in the search. financial/medical assistance Most people associate this brand with good quality. Everything was quiet when I got home so I assumed that you had gone out.
assurance astonished astronomical at all at ease at the end of the day atom attach attraction attractive attribute attribute (sth) to (sth) audio book audio tour automatic avenue awake award aware awe
noun adjective adjective phrase phrase idiom noun verb noun adjective noun phrasal verb noun noun adjective noun verb noun adjective noun
C1 B2 B1
a promise very surprised relating to astronomy in any way feeling relaxed and comfortable something that you say before you give the most important fact of a situation the smallest unit that an element can be divided into to join or fix one thing to another something that makes people come to a place or want to do a particular thing beautiful or pleasant to look at a quality or characteristic that someone or something has
I would like to receive an assurance that the employee has been disciplined. I was astonished to hear what he said. astronomical research Sorry but we dont understand that at all. I felt completely at ease with him. At the end of the day, you have to admit thats not a bad result! an oxygen atom Another machine attaches the cover to the book block using hot glue to hold everything together. The Eiffel Tower quickly became a tourist attraction. an attractive woman What skills or attributes does he need in his work?
B2 B1 B1 A2 C2 B2
Unit 09
to say that something is caused by something else He attributes his success to hard work. a book that has been read aloud by an actor and recorded recorded information about a place such as a museum that you can listen to as you visit it I listen to audio books while I'm driving. You can rent audio tours here. You get an automatic promotion after two years. a tree-lined avenue He awoke at dawn. Shes won international acclaim and awards. As you're aware, Im putting together the agenda for Mondays meeting. I was filled with awe at the sheer size of the building.
Unit 04
C2 C1
B2 B2 C2
certain to happen as part of the normal process or system a wide road in a town or city, often with trees along it to wake up a prize given to someone for something they have achieved interested in and knowing a lot about a particular subject a feeling of great respect and sometimes fear
badge baffle balance balding ball game ballroom dancing bar code bark base basic basically basis be someone's thing be sure to be used to something beach beauty
noun verb noun adjective noun noun noun noun noun adjective adverb noun verb phrase phrase verb phrase noun noun
B2
a piece of plastic, metal, etc with words or pictures on it that you wear on your clothes for She was wearing a badge on her jacket. decoration If something baffles you, you cannot understand it The police were baffled by his disappearance. at all. when the weight of someone or something is spread in such a way that they do not fall over becoming bald any game that is played with a ball a type of dancing where a man and a woman dance together using special steps and music a row of black lines on something you buy, that a computer reads to find the price the hard substance that covers the surface of a tree the most important part of something, from which other things can develop being the main or most important part of something used to introduce a short explanation about something a situation, fact, or idea from which something can develop If an activity or subject is someone's thing, they are very interested in it and like doing it. to be certain to He's good at sailing he must have a good sense of balance. a balding man He enjoyed tennis and other ball games. I love ballroom dancing. Scan the bar code. These trees have very thick bark. a solid economic base basic ideas/principles Basically, the producer isnt very involved in the interview I tend to respond to things on a day-to-day basis. This one isnt really my thing.
Unit 01
Unit 04
B2
C2 B1 B2 B2
Unit 03
B1 A1 B1
Be sure to go to the Kabuki Theatre when you're in Tokyo. to be familiar with something, having experienced Do you know anyone who is used to a lot of it many times pressure in their daily life? an area of sand or small stones next to the sea the quality of being beautiful a sandy beach The whole area is famous for its natural beauty.
before long believe believe in bell belong to beneath benefit benzene besides best (noun) bestseller between you and me big-budget bilingual biological
phrase verb phrasal verb noun phrasal verb preposition noun noun adverb noun noun phrase adjective adjective adjective
B2 A2 B1 B2 B1 B2 B1
soon
He'll be home before long. We believe that the money should be spent in four to think something, without being completely sure areas. to be confident that something is effective and Not everyone believes in homeopathy. right an electrical object that makes a ringing sound Please ring the bell for attention. when you press a switch to be a member of a group or organisation under something, or in a lower position than something something that helps you or gives you an advantage a colourless liquid made from petroleum, from which plastics and many chemical products can be made used to give another reason for something someone or something that is better than any other a very popular book that many people have bought an expression used to tell someone that what you are about to say should be kept secret I belong to a local charity. He hid the letter beneath a pile of papers. That kind of medicine offers no benefit. He was trying to work out the chemical structure of benzene. We just dont have the room. And besides, its not just you. A successful journalist knows how to get the best out of somebody. Her books became bestsellers. Between you and me I think his company's in trouble. A DP on big-budget films will experience many of the things a director does. a bilingual dictionary biological sciences You must provide a copy of your birth certificate. She bit into an apple. bizarre behaviour I feel and hurt my knee. It was black and blue for ages.
Unit 07
B1 B1 B2
Unit 03
B2 C1 B2
costing a large amount of money using or able to speak two languages connected with the natural processes of living things an official document that records when and where a person was born to cut something using your teeth very strange and surprising with dark marks on your skin caused by being hit or having an accident
birth certificate noun bite bizarre black and blue verb adjective idiom B1 B2
blame bleak blend blond blow up bone bonfire boom bossy bounce box brake branch bratty break down break into break off break off breakthrough (noun) briefcase
noun adjective noun adjective phrasal verb noun noun noun adjective verb noun noun noun adjective phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb noun noun
B2 C2 C2 A2 B1 B1
when people say that someone or something is responsible for something bad If a place is bleak, it is cold, empty and not attractive. a combination of two or more things with pale yellow hair
The manager should take the blame for the team's defeat. a bleak landscape Their music is a blend of jazz and African rhythms. blond hair
to destroy something or kill someone with a bomb They threatened to blow up the plane. one of the hard pieces that make the structure inside a human or animal a large fire outside, often used for burning waste She broke a bone in her foot. We put the old chair on the bonfire. Make sure the boom stays out of the shot. My sister's really bossy. The ball bounced high into the air. a cardboard box I slammed my foot on the brake. a bank with branches all over the country your bratty friends The relationship between the neighbours broke down completely. She broke into someone's locker. Do you know anyone whos broken off an engagement? One of the branches broke off.
B2 B2 A1 B1 B1
B1 B1 B2
a long pole that holds a microphone always telling other people what to do to hit a surface and then move quickly away, or to make something do this a square or rectangular container the part of a vehicle that makes it stop or go more slowly one of several shops, offices, etc that are part of a company or organisation behaving in an unpleasant, childish way If a system, relationship, or discussion breaks down, it fails because there is a problem or disagreement. to get into a building, car or container using force, usually to steal something to suddenly stop speaking or doing something to separate from a larger piece
B2
an important discovery or development that helps He had his first breakthrough with a collection of solve a problem short stories at the age of 49. a flat, rectangular case with a handle for carrying Where is my briefcase? documents, books, etc
briefly bright brighten (sth) up bring along bring out the worst in someone broad broadcaster bronze Buddha build up bullet bully bungalow bureaucratic by that time cable calculate call (verb) call off
adjective adjective phrasal verb phrasal verb verb phrase adjective noun adjective noun phrasal verb noun noun noun adjective phrase noun verb verb phrasal verb
B1 B1
for a short time full of light or shining strongly to make something more colourful and attractive
We chatted briefly about the weather. It's nice and bright. We could brighten up the caf with some flowers. We invite each participant to bring along a supporter. He can bring out the worst in people. The magazine covers a broad range of subjects. He was a famous broadcaster in the 1930s. a bronze statue There was a Buddha in the corner of the room. Students should follow their interests earlier to build up experience. a bullet wound He was such a bully.
A2
to take someone with you to cause someone to behave badly or show negative qualities
Unit 11
B1 B2 C2
including a wide range of things someone whose job is to speak on radio or television programmes made of bronze (= a shiny orange-brown metal) a model of the Indian holy man on whose life and teachings Buddhism is based to increase or develop, or to make something increase or develop a small, metal object that is fired from a gun someone who intentionally frightens a person who is smaller or weaker than them
C1 B2 C1
a house that has all its rooms on the ground floor They live in a bungalow. C2 A2 B2 B2 B2 B2 involving long and difficult dealings with officials at that moment a wire covered by plastic that carries electricity, telephone signals, etc to discover an amount or number using mathematics to ask someone to come somewhere to decide that a planned event will not happen I had a lot of bureaucratic hassle trying to get the information I needed. By that time, wed been waiting more than two hours. overhead power cables to calculate a cost/percentage We called a meeting. When was the last time you had to call off a meeting?
calmly campaign camper van campus cant cancer
adverb noun noun noun modal verb noun
B2 C1
in a relaxed way a series of organised activities or events intended to achieve a result a vehicle containing a bed, kitchen equipment, etc that you can live in the land and buildings belonging to a college or university cannot a serious disease that is caused when cells in the body grow in a way that is uncontrolled and not normal one of the people taking part in an election or trying to get a job the main part of a parachute, made from cloth a sweet made from sugar, milk, and butter
Think of something you find difficult to think about calmly. an advertising/election campaign We went away in our camper van. Distance learning isnt as effective as face to face or on-campus learning. It cant have been because I paid. He knew I was going to. breast/lung cancer Interviewers sometimes observe candidates having group discussions, to see how they interact. The strings attached to the canopy got tangled around my legs. chocolates with a caramel centre Think of something you choose carefully when shopping. She threw her bag carelessly into the corner of the room. The front carriage of the train is for first-class passengers only. Think of a subject you wish youd carried on studying for longer. But even if thats the case, I still don't think it's right.
B2 B1 B1
Unit 12
candidate canopy caramel carefully carelessly carriage carry on case catalogue
noun noun noun adverb adverb noun phrasal verb noun noun
B2
Unit 14
A2 B2 C1 B1 B1 B2
with great attention
one of the separate parts of a train where the passengers sit to continue doing something a particular situation or example of something
a book with a list of all the goods that you can buy from a shop, or of all the books, paintings, etc that a clothing catalogue you can find in a place to take part in special enjoyable activities in order The monument is in the shape of a spire and was to show that a particular occasion is important erected to celebrate the Millennium.
Unit 02
celebrate
verb
B1
Unit 04
Celsius ceremony chalkboard challenge challenge change (verb) change someone's behaviour change someone's mind characterisatio n charming check out check-out check-up cheek cheerful chemical chest childish chilly
noun noun noun verb verb verb verb phrase A1 A2 B2 B1
a measurement of temperature in which water freezes at zero degrees Celcius and boils at 100 degrees Celcius. a formal event that is performed on important social or religious occasions a board with a dark surface that you can write on with chalk to invite someone to compete in a game or fight to invite someone to compete in a game or fight
250 degrees Celsius a wedding/marriage ceremony The name of each scene is written on a chalk board. He challenged me to an arm wrestle. He challenged Smith to a fight.
Unit 09
to stop having or using one thing, and start having I did ask about changing the date, but half the or using another sales team are on a training course. to cause someone to act differently to cause someone to think differently or to have different beliefs the way in which something is described by showing its main qualities pleasant or attractive to go to a place in order to see what it is like the place in a large shop, especially a food shop, where you pay for your goods a general medical examination to see if you are healthy the soft part of your face below your eye bright and pleasant to look at relating to chemistry or chemicals a strong, usually wooden, container with a lid, used for keeping things in Childish behaviour is silly, like that of a small child. unpleasantly cold Shes changed peoples minds and behaviour.
Unit 10
verb phrase noun adjective phrasal verb noun noun noun adjective adjective noun adjective adjective
B1
Shes changed peoples minds and behaviour. I would argue with her characterisation of the country as 'hostile'. A row of charming little shops. Check out the food floors in department stores. a supermarket checkout Are people encouraged to regular check-ups? Tears ran down his cheeks. It's nice and cheerful. a chemical reaction a treasure chest Don't be so childish! a chilly evening
Unit 10
Unit 10 Unit 04 Unit 04 Unit 01 Unit 12 Unit 08 Unit 05 Unit 07 Unit 05 Unit 12 Unit 12
B1 C1 B1
B1 B2 B2 C2 B2 C1
choice choir chore circle circuit
noun noun noun verb noun
B1 B2 C1 B1 C2 B2
the things or people you can choose from a group of people who sing together a boring job that you must do to draw a circle around something a complete circle that an electric current travels around facts or events that make a situation the way it is someone who works in one of the government departments responsible for putting central government plans into action a war between groups of people who live in the same country
Do patients have a choice between public and private hospitals? a school/church choir household chores Circle the answer you think is correct. an electrical circuit I usually react to circumstances and tend to respond to things spontaneously. He is a civil servant.
circumstances noun
civil servant
noun
Unit 10
civil war civilisation claim clam up clam up classic clean and tidy clean up clear clear clerk
noun noun verb phrasal verb phrasal verb adjective phrase phrasal verb adjective verb noun B2 A2 A1 A2 B1 B2 B2
He was killed in the civil war.
Unit 05
a society with well developed social organisations, one of the world's great civilisations or the culture and way of life of a society to say that something is true, although you have not proved it to suddenly stop talking, usually because you are embarrassed or nervous to suddenly stop talking, usually because you are embarrassed or nervous having a traditional style that is always fashionable with nothing dirty and everything ordered and in the right place to make a person or place clean and tidy easy to understand or see to get rid of something Other sources claim that he was following the route of an earlier explorer. What do you do when the person you're interviewing just clams up. He was afraid he would clam up in front of the television camera. classic dance moves Wow! The kitchens so clean and tidy. Nice work! She decides what day and time we should meet to clean up the area. Is that clear? He cleared all my doubts.
Unit 10
Unit 06 Unit 11 Unit 11 Unit 03 Unit 08 Unit 11 Unit 09 Unit 03 Unit 08
someone who works in an office or bank, keeping a bank clerk records and doing general office work
climb down close down close down clothing clue
phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb noun noun
B2 B2 B2 B2 B2
coffee machine noun colloquially combine come come across come across something come along adverb verb verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb verb phrase B2 B1 C1 B2 C2
to change your opinion or admit that you are wrong If a business or organization closes down, or if someone or something closes it down, it stops operating. If a business or organisation closes down, it stops operating. clothes, especially of a particular type a sign or a piece of information that helps you to solve a problem or answer a question a machine from which you can buy coffee and other hot drinks by putting coins into it in an informal situation to do two or more activities at the same time to have or achieve a particular position in a race, competition, list, etc. to seem to be a particular type of person to find something by chance to start to exist
We climbed down the mountain. After a lot of problems with the bank, we had to close down the factory. My brother's company recently closed down. outdoor/protective clothing Police are searching the area for clues to the murder. I need some coins for the coffee machine. This is the language we use colloquially. I don't know how she combines working with studying. Former justice minister Laurence Taylor came second with 31% of the vote. Enrico comes across as very serious at first,but actually hes got a lovely sense of humour. We were walking through the woods when we came across a strange little house. Discussions are coming along slowly as there are a few problems with the draft contract
Unit 11
Unit 11
Unit 07
Unit 07
Unit 07
come as come back to come down come in come into use
A1
If an event or decision comes as a shock, The results have come as a shock to the ruling disappointment or relief, etc., it causes those party. feelings. to talk again about something that you mentioned Ill come back to that later. earlier I like the way the sunlight comes down through to fall and land on the ground the clouds. Our wonderful recipes will come in useful for to become involved in a situation, story or plan parties or quiet dinners for two. What kinds of technology and equipment are are to start to be used starting to come into use?
Unit 07
come out come round come to come to someone come up come up with
phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb verb adjective noun adjective noun phrase
B1 A2 B2
If a book, record, film, etc comes out, it becomes available for people to buy or see.
C1 B2
The first of Hrabals collected writings came out in 1991. Would you like to come round for dinner this to visit someone at their house weekend? to be a particular total when numbers or amounts What would you do if a restaurant bill came to a are added together lot less than you expected? If a thought or idea comes to you, you suddenly The image of the famous monster came to the start to think about it. author in her sleep. If a problem or difficult situation comes up, it Im going to be late again tonight - somethings happens. come up at work. The purpose of mediation is to allow the to suggest or think of an idea or plan participants to come up with solutions for themselves. to do something to show you remember an Statues often commemorate a past event. important person or event in the past with respect relating to buying and selling things commercial logging when you are willing to give your time and energy We are looking for someone with talent, to something that you believe in enthusiasm, and commitment. Its increasingly common for people to call you happening often or existing in large numbers first. a language that everyone in two or more groups speaks the natural ability to be practical and to make The children shouldn't be in any danger as long as good decisions they use their common sense. someone who is able to tell people about their Being an effective communicator is an important ideas and emotions in a way that other people part of management. understand work that someone who has committed a crime Two teenagers were sentenced to 360 hours of does to help other people instead of going to community service. prison someone who you spend a lot of time with or go a travelling companion somewhere with to reduce the bad effect of something, or make something bad become something good We believe we should be compensated for our losses.
Unit 07
commemorate commercial commitment common common language
C2 B2 B2 B1 B1 B1 B1
common sense noun communicator community service companion compensate noun noun phrase noun verb
Unit 01
Unit 06
B2 C2
Unit 10
Unit 13
compensate complain complaint complete complicated
verb verb noun adjective adjective
C1 B1 B1 B1 B1 C2 C2 B2 B2 B2
to pay someone money because you are responsible for injuring them or damaging something to say that something is wrong or that you are annoyed about something when someone says that something is wrong or not satisfactory used to emphasize what you are saying involving a lot of different parts, in a way that is difficult to understand given free, especially by a business the process of writing something to agree to something that is not exactly what you want when you agree to something which is not exactly what you want If something is compulsory, you must do it because of a rule or law. able to used computers well
Victims of the crash will be compensated for their injuries. She complained that she hadnt had lunch. Id like to make a complaint about the extremely rude and unprofessional behaviour of one of your staff. It was complete rubbish. It's kind of complicated. a complimentary glass of wine There is a story connected to the poem's composition. The ability to compromise is essential for the job. They talked it over and came up with a compromise. Its compulsory to vote here. You need to be computer literate in this job. Do you prefer to concentrate on one problem at a time or tackle several at once? Thats it as far as lifestyle is concerned. I hope that you will be able to restore my confidence in your hotel. We expect total confidentiality. There was confusion over which baby was which. I think we should connect that page to Portraits.
Unit 13
Unit 11
complimentary adjective composition compromise compromise (noun) compulsory computer literate concentrate on concerned confidence confidentiality confusion connect noun verb noun adjective adjective phrasal verb adjective noun noun noun verb
B1 B2 B2 C1 B2 B1
to direct your attention or efforts towards a particular activity or subject if we are discussing or thinking about a particular thing trusting someone's ability or believing that something will produce good results when things must be kept secret, especially in an official situation when you think that one person or thing is another to join two things or places together
connotation consensus consent consequence consequent conservation conservative consider considerable consideration consist of (sth) consistent consistently conspirator constantly construct construction consumer contact contact details
noun noun noun noun adjective noun adjective verb adjective noun phrasal verb adjective adverb noun adverb verb noun noun verb noun phrase B2 B2 B2 B2 A2 A2 B2 C1 B1 B2 B2 B1 C2 C2 C2 C1 B2
the feelings or ideas that words or actions give in addition to their usual meanings when all the people in a group agree about something permission for someone to do something the result of an action or situation, especially a bad result happening as a result of something the protection of nature not trusting sudden changes or new ideas to think carefully about a decision or something you might do large or important enough to have an effect when you think about something very carefully to be made of or formed from something
The word 'second-hand' has connotations of poor quality. to reach a consensus You can't come without your parents' consent. The ship capsized, with disastrous consequences. the closure of the factory and the consequent loss of 400 jobs wildlife conservation Older people tend to be very conservative. Yes, I think that solution is worth considering. The cost of marine expeditions is rising, but the results would be of considerable benefit. We hope that our proposals will be given serious consideration. The concert will consist ofa series of songs.
Unit 12 Unit 10 Unit 12 Unit 05 Unit 05 Unit 10 Unit 08 Unit 06 Unit 10 Unit 12 Unit 04 Unit 05 Unit 01 Unit 04 Unit 12 Unit 04 Unit 04 Unit 11 Unit 14 Unit 14
always behaving or happening in a similar, usually consistent effort/improvement positive, way without changing or stopping someone who secretly plans with other people to do something bad or illegal all the time or often to build something from several parts something large that is built someone who buys or uses goods or services when you communicate with someone, especially by speaking to them your telephone number, email address, etc. that people can use to talk or write to you I've been training consistently for many years. All the conspirators were caught. The present machine breaks down constantly. The building was constructed in 1930. This steel construction is 20m tall. These price cuts are good news for consumers. We will certainly contact you if any suitable vacancies arise in the future. We have your contact details and we will to get in touch if we require your assistance.
contact lens contribute
noun verb B2
a small piece of plastic that you put on your eye to I wear contact lenses. make you see more clearly to give something or do something in order to achieve something together with other people Do come to the meeting if you feel you have something to contribute.
Unit 14
Unit 14
contribution controversial controversy convenience conventional conveyor belt convinced cookie cool down cooperation
noun adjective noun noun adjective noun adjective noun phrasal verb noun
B2 B2 C1 B2 B2
something that you do to help produce or develop What contributions will you make to good staff something, or to help make something successful relations? causing a lot of disagreement or argument a lot of disagreement and argument about something when something is convenient traditional and ordinary a continuous moving piece of rubber or metal used to transport objects from one place to another completely certain about something a thin, flat cake that is dry and usually sweet to become less hot a controversial decision/issue The sculpture caused a lot of controversy at first. We look forward to discussing them further at a time of your convenience. conventional farming/medicine The goods move along a conveyor belt. I'm not really convinced. chocolate chip cookies She waited for her coffee to cool down.
B2 A2 B2 B2
when you work together with someone or do what international cooperation they ask you someone who reports news for newspapers, a correspondent for the New York Times television, or radio, usually from another country
correspondent noun corridor corruption cost cottage could noun noun verb noun modal verb B2 C1 A2 B1 B2
Unit 11
a passage in a building or train with rooms on one We passed in the corridor. or both sides dishonest or immoral behaviour, usually by He was arrested for corruption and bribery. people in positions of power If something costs a particular amount of money, It cost me another twenty pounds. you have to pay that in order to buy or do it. a small house, usually in the countryside used to express possibility, especially slight or uncertain possibility They have a cottage in France. The waiter could have made a mistake in the bill.
Unit 13 Unit 11
couldnt coursework cover cover (verb) cover letter
modal verb noun verb verb noun
B2
B1 B1
used to express possibility, especially slight or uncertain possibility work done by students as part of their course of study to form a layer on the surface of something to include or deal with a subject or piece of information the American term for covering letter; a letter that you send with something else, to explain what you are sending a letter that you send with something to explain what it is or to give more information about it
He couldn't have felt unhappy with the meal. He really enjoyed it. Students grades should be based on coursework rather than final exams. Snow covered the trees. The course covers a range of topics. I sent the goods with a cover letter. To get to the interview stage, you really need to sell yourself in your CV and covering letter. Deleting online characters may not be a crime, but breaking into someones computer certainly is. an outspoken critic of the government It was heavily criticised at first but people are beginning to warm to it now. The cloth was decorated with crosses. Satellites are absolutely crucial for doing ocean research. a crude device/weapon Their house is in a cul-de-sac. Getting a better chair completely cured my back problems. I was curious about his life in India. a current affairs programme
covering letter
noun
Unit 14
crime critic criticise cross crucial crude cul-de-sac cure curious current affairs
noun noun verb noun adjective adjective noun verb adjective noun
B1 C1 B2 A1 B2 C2
something someone does that is illegal someone who says that they do not approve of someone or something to say that something or someone is bad a shape with a long vertical line with a shorter horizontal line across it or an object with this shape extremely important or necessary made or done in a simple way and without much skill a short road with houses which is blocked at one end to make someone with an illness healthy again wanting to know or learn about something important political or social events which are happening in the world at the present time
Unit 06
Unit 12 Unit 04
Unit 04
B1 B1
curriculum cursor cut cut down (sth) cut down on cut into cut off cut-off
noun noun verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb noun noun
B1 B2 B2 B2 B2 A2 B2
all the subjects taught in a school, college, etc or on an educational course a symbol on a computer screen which shows the place where you are working to remove part of a film or piece of writing If you cut down a tree or bush, you make it fall to the ground by cutting it near the bottom. to start eating less of something that is bad for your health to break the surface of something with a sharp tool to stop people from continuing a telephone conversation by breaking the telephone connection a fixed point or level at which you stop including people or things
the school curriculum Put the cursor at the beginning of the word. I think we should cut the About Us page. We cut down the old apple tree. To improve my health, Ive decided to cut down on less salty and fatty food. The folding machine folds the paper and cuts a little notch into the spine. What should you do if you get cut off during a phone call? March 31 is the cut-off date for applications to be accepted.
Unit 11 Unit 09
Unit 09
Unit 01
CV
noun
B1
a document which describes your qualifications To get to the interview stage, you really need to and the jobs you have done, which you send to an sell yourself in your CV and covering letter. employer that you want to work for to have pleasant thoughts about something you would like to happen happening every day as a regular part of your job or your life whether now living or not a time by which something must be done when someone performs or presents something to the public for the first time a period of ten years to make someone believe something that is not true of a satisfactory quality or level to choose something after thinking about several possibilities I was staring out of the window, daydreaming. I tend to respond to things on a day-to-day basis. We really need to find it. Dead or alive. to meet/miss a deadline She made her debut as a pianist in 1975. I did not meet him again for more than a decade. The company deceived customers by selling old computers as new ones. He earns a decent salary. What we decided to do was include English summaries.
Unit 14
daydream day-to-day dead or alive deadline debut decade deceive decent decide
verb adjective phrase noun noun noun verb adjective verb
C1
B2 C1 B2 B2 B2 A2
decorate dedicate dedicated definitely delegate deliberately delicate delighted democratic demonstrate depend on depth descent desirable despite
verb verb adjective adverb verb adverb adjective adjective adjective verb phrasal verb noun noun adjective preposition
B1 C1 C1 B1 C2 B2 C1 B1 B2 C2 B1 B1
to make something look more attractive by putting things on it or around it to give your energy, time, etc. completely believing that something is very important and giving a lot of time and energy to it without any doubt
They decorated the room with balloons for her party. Shes dedicated herself to saving the panda. dedicated teaching staff Thats definitely the best price we can manage.
to give someone else part of your work or some of You have to be able to delegate if you want to your responsibilities succeed as a manager. intentionally, having planned to do something needing to be dealt with very carefully very pleased where everyone has equal rights and can help to make decisions to express or show that you have a feeling, quality, or ability If one thing depends on another, the first thing is affected by the second thing. the distance from the top of something to the bottom a movement down If something is desirable, it is very good or attractive and most people would want it. used to say that something happened or is true, although something else makes this seem not probable to discover or notice something, especially something that is difficult to see, hear, smell, etc when someone continues trying to do something, although it is very difficult to make a telephone call to a particular number Rikyu had deliberately cut down all the flowers! Its a bit delicate. They were really delighted with the restaurant I chose. a democratic discussion/debate He has demonstrated a genuine interest in the project. That depends on what we agree. The lake reaches a maximum depth of 292 metres. The plane began its descent into Heathrow. A good education is highly desirable. I'm still pleased with the house despite all the problems we've had. A submersible detected something enormous passing beneath it. Andy Murray will need great determination and skill to win this match. Dial 0 for the operator.
B2 B1
Unit 09
detect determination dial
verb noun verb
C1 B2 B1
Unit 10
Unit 03 Unit 14
dialect dialogue differ difficult dig dilute dining room dip
noun noun verb adjective verb verb noun verb
C2 B2 B2 A1 B1
a form of a language that people speak in a particular part of a country the talking in a book, play, or film to be different not easy and needing skill or effort to do or understand to break or move the ground with a tool, machine, etc to make a liquid thinner or weaker by adding water or another liquid to it a room in which meals are eaten to put something into a liquid for a short time someone whose job is to live in another country and to keep a good relationship between their government and that country's government to have a different opinion from someone else about something extremely bad to make someone less confident or enthusiastic about something to find something to talk about something in a direct and honest way
There are many different languages in India and there are even more dialects. The dialogue is very clever. Where exactly was Vinland? Sources differ on this question. Its a difficult situation. Digging the garden is good exercise. You need to dilute this before you drink it. We had dinner in the dining room. She dipped the brush into the paint.
A1 B2
diplomat
noun
B2
My father was a diplomat. In response to RealGuys comments that virtual worlds are a waste of time, I couldnt disagree more. disastrous consequences I didn't mean to discourage her. Who has discovered a new club or caf recently? Do doctors discuss medical treatments openly with their patients? heart disease I think you've dislocated your shoulder. Im writing to express my dissatisfaction with your staff.
Unit 01
disagree disastrous discourage discover discuss something openly disease dislocate
verb adjective verb verb noun phrase noun verb
B1 C1 B2 B1
Unit 12
B1
an illness caused by an infection or by a failure of health and not by an accident If you dislocate a part of your body, the bones move away from their correct position.
Unit 12
Unit 02
dissatisfaction noun
B2
when you are not pleased or happy with something
Unit 08
dissertation distance degree distance learning distinction distinctive distinguish distract district disturb divide divide into diving do research dominate donation
noun noun
noun noun adjective verb verb noun verb verb phrasal verb noun verb phrase verb noun B2 C1 B2 B2 B1 B2 B1 B1 B1 B1 C1 B2
a very long piece of writing done as part of a course of study a degree for which you study at home rather than at a university, sending and receiving your work by email or post a way of studying, especially for a degree, where you study mostly at home, receiving and sending off work by post a difference between two similar things Something that is distinctive is easy to recognise because it is different from other things. to recognise the differences between two people, ideas, or things to make someone stop giving their attention to something a part of a city or country, either an official area or one that is known for having a particular characteristic or business to interrupt what someone is doing by making noise or annoying them to make things or people separate into parts or groups to separate something into different bits the activity of swimming under water or moving towards the bottom of an area of water to study a subject, especially in order to discover new information about it to be the largest, most important, or most noticeable part of something when money or goods are given to help a person or organisation
She's writing a dissertation on American poetry. I'm doing a distance degree. Distance learning isnt as effective as face-to-face or on-campus learning. the distinction between spoken and written language a distinctive style of writing Children must learn to distinguish between right and wrong. Stop distracting me - I'm trying to finish my essay. the fashion district of New York Please don't disturb the animals. I'll divide you into three groups. Ive divided my talk into three parts. The cameras were well below the diving depth of a whale. Who has done research into their family history? The cathedral dominates the skyline. Would you like to make a donation?
Unit 03
Unit 03
Unit 03
Unit 12
Unit 09
Unit 03 Unit 07
Unit 03
Unit 10
donor doorway
noun noun
C2 C2
double-glazing noun down down downside dozen draft draw on (sth) dream drop drop into drop out of due duke dump durable duration duty adjective verb noun noun noun phrasal verb verb verb phrasal verb phrasal verb adjective noun verb adjective noun noun C2 C1 B1 C1 B1 B2 C1 B1 B2 B1 B2
someone who gives money or goods to a person or Ten thousand dollars was given by an anonymous organisation that needs help donor. She waited in the doorway while I ran back an entrance to a building or room through a door inside. windows that have two layers of glass to keep a Does the house have double glazing? building warm or quiet sad You look a bit down today. Are you OK? Brenda quickly downed her coffee and ran out of to drink something quickly the office. the disadvantage of a situation twelve, or a group of twelve a piece of writing or a plan that is not yet in its finished form to use your knowledge or experience of something to help you do something to imagine something that you would like to happen The downside of living in a city is all the pollution. There were about a dozen people at the party. He made several changes to the first draft. This position will draw on all your skills. If my uncle sent me a gift, I wouldnt dream of phoning him.
to decide to stop including someone or something I think we should drop the About Us page. to fall into something to stop taking part in something before it has finished expected or planned a man of very high social rank in some parts of Europe to suddenly end a romantic relationship remaining in good condition for a long time the amount of time that something lasts something you must do because it is morally or legally right The book finally drops into the three-knife trimmer, which cuts the edges of the paper off. Have you ever dropped out of a course or competition? He was due to fly back this morning. the Duke of Beaufort Why don't you just dump him? If something is long-lasting, it is durable. The singer remained in the hotel for the duration of his stay in the UK. Its our duty to organise this in turn.
Unit 09
B1
dynamic earpiece earth effect effective effort either way elder electrify electrode elegant eliminate elite embarrass emerge emperor emphasis
adjective noun noun noun adjective noun phrase adjective verb noun adjective verb adjective verb verb noun noun
B2
full of ideas, energy, and enthusiasm the part of a telephone that you hold near to your ear soil or ground a change, reaction, or result that is caused by something successful or achieving the result that you want the energy that you need to do something used for saying that the result of two different things happening would be the same Your elder sister or brother is older than you. to supply something with electricity a small object through which an electric current enters or leaves something
I dont think they look dynamic enough for our business. He tapped the earpiece. a mound of earth I bought a natural remedy at the chemists, but it doesnt seem to be having any effect. Being an effective communicator is an important part of management. I put a lot of effort into organising the party. We can cut salaries or employ fewer people. Either way, its going to be difficult. I look like my elder brother. an electrified railway They attached electrodes to his head. Id say the colours are low-key and, well, quite elegant. Lets eliminate this one. elite athletes My dad's always embarrassing me in front of my friends. The printed sections then emerge from the press Emperor Charlemagne
B2 B1 B2 B1 B1 B1
Unit 09
B2 C1
stylish or attractive in appearance or behaviour to remove something from something, or get rid of something belonging to the richest, most powerful, best educated or most skilful group in a society
Unit 01
C2 B2 C1 B2
to make someone feel ashamed or shy to appear from somewhere or come out of somewhere the male ruler of an empire (=group of countries ruled by one person or government)
Unit 08 Unit 09
Unit 04
the extra force that you give to a word or part of a The emphasis is on the final syllable. word when you are saying it
Unit 04
emphasise enable end up end up with endurance enemy engage in (sth) enormous enquire ensure enter entertainer enthusiasm
verb verb phrasal verb phrasal verb noun noun phrasal verb adjective verb verb verb noun noun
B2 B2 B1 B1 C2 B2 C2 B1 B2 B2 B1 B2 B2 B2 B2 B2 B2
to show that something is especially important or This further emphasises the familys helplessness. needs special attention to make someone able to do something, or to Satellites enable us to look at our planet with a make something possible global perspective. My company moved to Alabama, so thats how I to finally be in a particular place or situation ended up living here. to have something as the result of doing You will end up with a lovely, soft mixture. something the ability to keep doing something difficult, You have to have plenty of endurance to compete unpleasant, or painful for a long time in a race. a country or army that your country or army is enemy forces/territory fighting against in a war to take part in something extremely large to ask someone for information about something to make certain that something is done or happens to start working in a particular job someone whose job is to entertain people by singing, telling jokes, etc when you feel very interested in something and would very much like to be involved in it with great excitement, pleasure and interest whole or complete The two sides have agreed to engage in talks. You go through an enormous red gate. Are you staying long? she enquired. I strongly recommend you take steps to ensure that such an incident doesnt happen again. I entered the teaching profession in my forties. She is a children's entertainer. People give up doing things when hey have no enthusiasm for them. The audience cheered enthusiastically. She spent her entire life caring for other people.
Unit 08
Unit 11 Unit 04
Unit 01
enthusiastically adverb entire entitle entitled to adjective verb phrasal verb
to give someone the right to do or have something I'm entitled to apply for citizenship. If you are entitled to something, you have a right to have or do it. I feel were entitled to a 50% refund of the cost.
environment equality equation era erect escape essential essentially establish et cetera ethical ethnicity euphoric even if evening course evidence exactly
noun noun noun noun verb noun adjective adverb verb phrase adjective noun adjective conjunction noun phrase noun adverb
B1 B2 C1 B2
the air, land, and water where people, animals, and plants live when everyone is equal and has the same opportunities, rights, etc when you show that two amounts are equal using mathematical symbols a period of time in history that is special for a particular reason to build or put up a structure
Most people are concerned about the environment. racial/sexual equality It's a simple equation. the Victorian era The monument was erected to celebrate the Millennium. There was an escape from the prison last night. Satellites are absolutely essential for doing ocean research. What he is saying is essentially true. The brewery was established in 1822. Yeah, salads of course but also vegetarian soup, pasta, curry et cetera. The book raises some serious ethical questions. Ideally, the group should be made up of many different ethnicities. a euphoric mood Even if you stopped file sharing completely, it wouldnt lead to a big increase in sales. Evening courses for adults should be partly financed by the government. Theres a lot of evidence that people learn in different ways. What exactly did you have in mind?
C1 B1 B2 B2
when someone succeeds in getting out of a place or a dangerous or bad situation very important and necessary used when you are emphasising the basic facts about something to start a company or organisation that will continue for a long time used at the end of a list to show that other things or people could also be added to it; often abbreviated as etc relating to what is right or wrong Someone's ethnicity is what race or culture they are from. extremely happy and excited
Unit 01
C2
B2
used to emphasize that a particular situation would not change what you have just said a series of classes for adults in a particular subject that happens in the evening something that makes you believe that something is true or exists used to emphasize what you are saying
A1 A2
examine execute expect expected expedition experience expert expertise explore express extend external extraordinary extravagant extremely eye contact eyesight eyesore face a challenge face up to face-to-face
verb verb verb adjective noun noun noun noun verb verb verb adjective adjective adjective adverb noun noun noun verb phrase phrasal verb adjective
B2 C2 B1 B2 B1 B1 B1
to look at someone or something very carefully, especially to try to discover something to kill someone as a legal punishment to think that something will happen an organised journey, especially a long one for a particular purpose knowledge that you get from doing a job, or from doing, seeing, or feeling something someone who has a lot of skill in something or a lot of knowledge about something skill to go around a place where you have never been in order to find out what is there to show what you think or how you feel using words or actions to stretch over a particular object or area of land relating to the outside part of something very special, unusual, or strange costing a lot very, or much more than usual If two people make eye contact, they look at each other at the same time. the ability to see a building, area, etc that looks ugly compared to the things that are around it to have to deal with something difficult to start to accept that a difficult situation exists directly, meeting someone in the same place
She picked up the knife and examined it closely. He was executed for murder. I expect to receive a formal apology Youre expected to respond pretty quickly. Peary led the first expedition to the North Pole. My experience is that rights and responsibilities go hand in hand. She is one of the worlds top experts on panda conservation. the technical expertise of the engineers Who loves exploring new towns and cities? Wed like to express our gratitude for the efforts you made. The spire extends above all the other buildings. the external walls of the house an extraordinary tale of courage the extravagant lifestyle of a movie star extremely beautiful He refused to make eye contact with me. She has good eyesight. Some people loved the new monument, others called it an eyesore. Shes faced some hard challenges. They have to face up to reality and be ready to compromise A face-to-face meeting.
Unit 01 Unit 05 Unit 08 Unit 06 Unit 10 Unit 12 Unit 10 Unit 09 Unit 10 Unit 08 Unit 04 Unit 14 Unit 04 Unit 04 Unit 03 Unit 14 Unit 01 Unit 04 Unit 10 Unit 13 Unit 06
B1 B2 C2 B2 B1 C2 B1
B2
B2 B2 B1
face-to-face learning fairly famous fantasy far farmland fascinated fascinating fatal fatigue favour fear feasible fee feebly feedback feel fellow fiddle with (sth)
noun phrase adverb adjective noun adverb noun adjective adjective adjective noun noun noun adjective noun adverb noun verb adjective phrasal verb
B2 B1 A1 B2 B2
learning which happens as a result of spending time with a teacher and talking with them more than average, but less than very known or recognized by many people
Distance learning isnt as effective as face-to-face or on-campus learning. a fairly big family She was probably the most famous singer of the Arab World.
Unit 03 Unit 12 Unit 04 Unit 10 Unit 13 Unit 10 Unit 08 Unit 04 Unit 12 Unit 12 Unit 05 Unit 02 Unit 07 Unit 09 Unit 01 Unit 01 Unit 12
a situation or event that you imagine, which is not The big house was just a fantasy. real or true very much Its a far bigger order than usual. land which is used for or suitable for farming He owns over 100 acres of farmland. I was really fascinated by all the cultural differences I noticed The shops are fascinating. a fatal car crash She was suffering from fatigue. So, were all in favour of it.
B2 B2 B2 B2 B1 C1 B1 C2 B2 B1 B2
extremely interested
extremely interesting A fatal accident or illness causes death. when you feel very tired when people like something or someone a strong, unpleasant feeling that you get when you think that something bad, dangerous, or She was trembling with fear. frightening might happen possible to do Yes, I think that solution is quite feasible. an amount of money that you pay to do something, to use something, or to get a service in a way that is unskilful or ineffective an opinion from someone about something that you have done or made to think something or have an opinion an entrance fee
If you can draw, however feebly, it helps. It's important to get immediate feedback. We do not feel that there is any need for new tables and chairs.
describes someone who has the same job or your fellow students interests as you, or is in the same situation as you to touch or move things with your fingers because Stop fiddling with your hair! you are nervous or bored
Unit 03
Unit 05
fidget figure out file
verb phrasal verb noun B2 A2
to keep making small movements with your hands She fidgeted all the way through the job or feet because you are nervous or bored interview. to finally understand or find the solution to something, after thinking for a while a collection of information and documents about someone or something I couldnt figure out what to do. Would you mind if we keep your records on file?
Unit 11
Unit 07 Unit 14
file sharing
noun
the activity of putting a file onto a special place on your computer so that many other people can There's nothing wrong with file sharing. copy it, look at it, or use it by using the Internet A2 B1 A2 B1 B2 after a long time or some difficulty to think or feel a particular way about someone or something to discover something or someone that you have been searching for an amount of money that you must pay for breaking a law or rule the hard, thin part on the top of the end of your finger the mark made on something by the pattern of curved lines on the end of someone's finger B1 a small object that explodes to produce a loud noise and bright colours and is often used to celebrate special events basic medical treatment that you give someone who is ill or injured in an emergency A1 the language that someone learns to speak first at the earliest time in the day Finally, when I realised that there was nothing more I could do, I thought, Right, Im dead. I've always found that rights and responsibilities go hand in hand. At what time of day do you find it easiest to find out answers to problems? It carries a maximum sentence of five years in prison prison or a fine of 3,200. She has very long fingernails. The police found fingerprints all over the murder weapon. a firework display The policeman gave him first aid before the ambulance arrived. Madeleine's first language is French, but she also knows English and German. He said he'd phone back first thing tomorrow.
Unit 06
finally find find out fine fingernail fingerprint
adverb verb phrasal verb noun noun noun
Unit 02
Unit 14
firework
noun
Unit 04
first aid first language first thing
noun noun phrase
Unit 03
Unit 08 Unit 06
fit flashy flavour
adjective adjective noun
A2
healthy, especially because you exercise regularly looking too bright, big, and expensive, in a way that is intended to get attention the taste of a particular type of food or drink involving a real person who is present
You have to be physically fit and strong for sailing. flashy gold jewellery We sell 50 different flavours of ice cream. She was arrested for a virtual crime, rather than a flesh-and-blood murder.
B1
flesh-and-blood adjective flu focus on focus on sth focused follow follow football club for instance for instance for me noun phrasal verb phrasal verb adjective verb verb noun phrase phrase phrase B1 B2 B2 B2 B1 C1 A2 B1 B1
for one reason phrase or another forbidden forearm foreground foreignlanguage forever adjective noun noun adjective adverb B1 B1
an illness like a very bad cold, that makes you feel I had the flu last week. hot and weak Lessons focus on the classic moves of this to give a lot of attention to one particular subject entertaining and beautiful dance form. to give a lot of attention to one particular person, His article focussed on the French Revolution. subject or thing You have to be very focused on the conditions giving a lot of attention to one particular thing around you. to understand something Do you follow me? to be interested in an event or activity Students should follow their interests. I'm a lifelong supporter of Crystal Palace football a club for people who play football club. Many teenagers earn money, for instance by for example babysitting or cleaning cars. for example Jane, for instance, can drive. used to introduce your opinion For me, its a choice between two or three. used for saying that there are a number of reasons for something but that you are not going to It just never happened for one reason or another. explain them now not allowed, especially by law Smoking is forbidden. the lower part of your arm between your hand and He had a large tattoo on his forearm. your elbow (=the place where it bends) the area of a view or picture which seems closest to you written or spoken in a language that is not your own for all time in the future There's a seated figure in the foreground of the painting. foreign-language broadcasts I'll love you forever.
formal formula fracture fragile frame frankly free free of charge
adjective noun verb adjective noun adverb adjective noun phrase noun
B2 C1
public or official a plan or method that is used to achieve something to break something hard such as a bone, or a piece of rock easily broken, damaged, or destroyed a structure that goes around the edge of something such as a door, picture, window, or mirror in an honest and direct way able to live, happen, or exist without being controlled by anyone or anything costing nothing
I would like to receive a formal apology from the directors of the hotel. There's no magic formula for success. She's fractured her ankle. a fragile china cup a picture frame Frankly, I think the tree should be cut down - it's not safe. Theyre free to pass through peoples land. Are medicines free of charge?
C2 B1 B2 B2 B1
freedom
B2
the right to live in the way you want, say what you My brother thinks we should have the freedom to think, and make your own decisions without being vote or not, as we choose. controlled by anyone else a line or border between two countries or areas a course which someone does for the whole of a working week in a basic and important way when you collect money for a particular purpose frontier guards
Unit 10
frontier full-time course fundamentally fundraising funeral
noun noun phrase adverb noun noun
C2 B1 C2
Unit 10 Unit 03
Fundamentally, nothing has changed. a fundraising event The funeral will be held next Friday. Funnily enough, I was just thinking about you when you called. Have you ever reacted furiously to something on TV? Further into the future, we could very well have a country-wide transport system of small electric cars.
B2
a ceremony for burying or burning the body of a dead person although it seems strange and surprising
funnily enough phrase furiously further adverb adverb B2 B2
in a very angry way far: at or to a place or time that is a longer distance away
Unit 12
future futurologist gain galaxy gamer gardener gather gear gem generally speaking generous gentleman genuine get
noun noun verb noun noun noun verb noun noun phrase adjective noun adjective verb
B1
the time which is to come someone who studies the future to get something useful or positive a very large group of stars held together in the universe someone who plays games, especially computer games someone who works in a garden, growing plants and making it look attractive to think something is true because you have heard or seen information about it a set of parts in a motor vehicle or bicycle that control how fast the wheels turn someone or something that you like very much and think is very special used to introduce a statement that is mainly or usually true giving other people a lot of money, presents, or time in a kind way a polite word for 'man', used especially when talking to or about a man you do not know If something is genuine, it is really what it seems to be. to obtain or buy something to develop a thought about something that you want to do as a result of something else to be able to live or deal with a situation with difficulty, usually by having just enough of something you need, such as money
B1
Further into the future, we could very well have a country-wide transport system of small electric cars. I work as a futurologist. The country gained independence in 1948. In our galaxy alone, there are an estimated 100 billion stars. online gamers We employ three gardeners. I gather youd like to work out some compensation. a mountain bike with 21 gears She's an absolute gem. Generally speaking, I think people used to be more open and friendly. a very generous man There's a gentleman here to see you. a genuine gold necklace Could you get me some chocolate? Mary got the idea for Frankenstein from a dream.
B2 C1 B2
B2 B1 B2 B2 A1
get an idea verb phrase from something phrasal verb verb phrase B1
get by
I don't know how he gets by on so little money. We have your contact details and we will get in touch if we require your assistance.
Unit 02
get in touch
to communicate with someone by telephoning them, writing, etc.
Unit 14
get someone talking get used to something ghost giant ginger gist give
verb phrase verb phrase noun adjective noun noun verb
B2 B1 B1 B1
to make people want to speak to become familiar with something or someone, after experiencing it many times or spending a lot of time with them the spirit of a dead person which appears to people who are alive extremely big, or much bigger than other similar things a pale brown root with a strong taste used as a spice in cooking
To be a successful journalist, you need to be able to get people talking. Do you know anyone who takes a long time to get used to new people? Do you believe in ghosts? a giant spider ginger cake
Unit 11
Unit 03
the most important pieces of information about That was the gist of what he said. something, or general information without details A1 B2 to provide someone with something to use something for the first time to find out if it is suitable or effective If you give up a habit such as smoking, or give up something unhealthy such as alcohol, you stop doing it or having it. to stop doing something before it is finished because it is too difficult or it is not successful happy about something attractive in an exciting and special way relating to the whole world a substance used to stick things together to stick something to something else with glue to start to do something to agree with someone's opinion A dream could give you the idea for a great work of art. Id like to give this one a try.
Unit 01
Unit 02
give something verb phrase a try give up phrasal verb phrasal verb adjective adjective adjective noun verb phrasal verb phrasal verb
Unit 03
B1
I've decided to give up smoking completely.
Unit 03
give up on glad glamorous global glue glue go ahead go along with
B2 A2 B2 C2 C2 B2
It was so frustrating that I just gave up on it. Im glad things turned out the way they did. a glamorous woman the global problem of nuclear waste Put a bit of glue on both edges and hold them together. Do you think you can glue this vase back together? Shall I start the lesson?' 'Yes, go ahead.' Id go along with you there.
go away go hand in hand go into go off go on go out of use go out of your way go over go with something goal goddess good good at good lord good with goodwill grade gradually graduate
phrasal verb phrase phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb verb phrase phrase phrasal verb phrasal verb noun noun adjective phrase phrase phrase noun noun adverb noun
B1 C1 A2 B2 B1
to disappear If two things go hand in hand, they exist together and are connected with each other. to move towards the inside of If something that makes a noise goes off, it suddenly starts making a noise. to last for a particular period of time to stop being used, having been replaced by something newer to try very hard to do something, especially for someone else
They hoped the problem would go away. Prosperity goes hand in hand with investment. Large sheets of paper go into the press. An alarm clock went off in the candidates briefcase. This went on for some years until they finally complained to the police. What kinds of technology and equipment have gone out of use? Everyone went out of their way to make us feel welcome. It was lovely. Can you go over that again? Were going with this one. The process involves setting specific goals. the ancient goddess of hunting It's a good size. Im good at helping people get on with each other. Good lord! Is that the time? Ive always been good with numbers. He gave them a thousand pounds as a gesture of goodwill. Steve never studies, but he always gets good grades. Gradually he began to get better. New graduates should usually have some internship experience.
B2
to study or explain something to choose to accept a particular thing
B1
A2 A1
something you want to do successfully in the future a female spirit that people pray to and who they believe has control over parts of the world or nature suitable or satisfactory able to do something well something you say when you are surprised or angry able to deal with something or someone well kind, friendly, or helpful feelings towards other people a number or letter that shows how good someone's work or performance is slowly over a period of time someone who has studied for and received a degree (=qualification) from a university
A1
B1 B2 B2
graduate grandchild gratitude green (the) ground grow guarantee guidance guild guitarist habitat hack hairpiece half halfway hammer (sth) into (sb) handle handle (+_ing) handshake
verb noun noun adjective noun verb verb noun noun noun noun verb noun noun adverb phrasal verb verb verb noun
B2 A2
to complete your education successfully at a university, college, or, in the US, at school the child of your son or daughter the feeling or quality of being grateful
He graduated from Cambridge University in 2006. My grandchildren came to stay with me. Wed like to express our gratitude for the efforts you made.
B2 B1 B2 B2 B2
relating to nature and protecting the environment a green activist/campaigner the surface of the Earth to start to do something gradually to make certain that something is true or will happen help or advice an organisation of people who have the same job or interests someone who plays the guitar, especially as their job the natural environment of an animal or plant to use a computer to illegally get into someone else's computer system and read the information that is kept there an artificial covering of hair used to hide an area of the head where there is no hair I sat down on the ground. People didn't like it at first but grew to love it. These dishes guarantee something to everyone's taste. Students make choices about their future, with the guidance of their teachers. the Designers' Guild He was a guitarist in a rock band. the fox's natural habitat Two British youths were caught hacking into government computers. Do you think he wears a hairpiece? Just under half of them buy their lunches from our shop. the halfway point We try to hammer it into the children to take care crossing the road. He knows how to handle people. How will you handle living in a closed community? He had a firm handshake.
B1 C1
Unit 06
A2
one of two equal parts of something; 1 2 ; in the middle of a period of time to repeat something to someone a lot of times until they remember it to deal with something to deal with something the action of taking someone's right hand and shaking it when you meet or leave each other
B1 B1
Unit 14
hands-on happy happy with harden haunt have a tendency to have a word have in mind headteacher heal health insurance healthconscious heaven heavily heights help out here and there
adjective adjective phrase verb verb verb phrase verb phrase verb phrase noun verb noun A2 B2 B2 B2 B2 A2 A2
physically doing something and not only studying hands-on experience it or watching someone else do it How can we solve this problem and keep satisfied and not worried everyone happy. satisfied and pleased with to become hard and stiff If a ghost or other creature haunts a place, it appears there often. to often do something to have a short conversation with someone about a particular subject, usually with no one else present to be considering something, intending to do something the person in charge of a school to make a person healthy again Id be happy with either Cookery or Psychology. This island is formed from volcanic lava that has hardened into rock. A murdered knight haunts the castle. People have a tendency to learn languages in the big cities.
Unit 13
What exactly did you have in mind? She was sent to the headteacher. traditional methods of healing
when you make regular payments to an insurance company in exchange for that company paying Does everyone have health insurance? most or all of the costs of your medical care Health-conscious people try to keep themselves I think the people here are quite health-conscious. healthy. according to some religions, the place where good They think they will go to heaven. people go when they die It was heavily criticised at first but people are a lot or to a great degree beginning to warm to it now. high places I've always been scared of heights. to help someone, especially by giving them money Are families expected to help out with patient or working for them care? in several different places but without any pattern Neil took us here and there sightseeing.
Unit 12
adjective noun adverb noun phrasal verb phrase B2 B1
B2 B2
high status high-definition highlight high-pressure hijack hiker historic historically hoax hold sway hold together hollow homeless homeopathic homeopathy homepage homesick
noun phrase adjective verb adjective verb noun adjective adverb noun phrase phrasal verb adjective adjective adjective noun noun adjective B1 C2 C1 B1 C1 B2 B2
when someone is considered by most people to be important and a lot of respect and admiration is felt for them using technology that provides very clear, detailed images to emphasize something or make people notice something involving pressure which is greater than usual to take control of an aircraft during a journey, especially using violence a person who goes for a long walk in the countryside important in history or likely to be important in history in a way that is connected to history an attempt to make people believe something which is not true to have power or a very strong influence to make something stay in one piece having a hole or empty space inside without a place to live Homeopathic medicines use extremely small amounts of natural substances to treat illnesses. a way of treating illnesses using very small amounts of natural substances the first page that you see when you look at a website on the Internet
Would you say that doctors and nurses have a high status? a high-definition lens His blonde hair and blue suit highlight his innocence. Describe a a high-pressure situation in your work or studies. The plane was hijacked by terrorists. On sunny days the trails are full of hikers. It's a historic town with some very impressive ancient buildings and statues. Historically, this was a mill town. The police said the bomb threat was a hoax. Fundamentalist beliefs hold sway over whole districts. Another machine attaches the cover to the book block using hot glue to hold everything together. a hollow shell/tube 10,000 people were made homeless by the floods. homeopathic medicine/remedies Some people consider homeopathy to be no better than a sugar pill. I've set Facebook to be my homepage.
Unit 12
Unit 12
feeling sad because you are away from your home I felt homesick when I went to university.
honest hook up with (sb) hope hopefully horrified host hot spring human nature
adjective phrasal verb verb adverb adjective noun noun noun
B1
sincere and telling the truth to get together with someone in order to do something
If you want my honest opinion, I think your hair looks awful. Why don't you hook up with some mates to do it? I hope that you will be able to restore my confidence in your hotel. Hopefully he won't go out of business. When she saw me, she ran over and hugged me and kissed me on both cheeks. I felt absolutely horrified. He is a wonderful host. We bathed in a hot spring. It's human nature to want to be loved.
A2 B1 C2 B2
to want something to happen or be true used, often at the start of a sentence, to express what you would like to happen very shocked someone who invites people to a meal or a party, or to stay in their home a place where natural hot water comes up out of the ground feelings, qualities, and behaviour that are typical of most people
Unit 08
human resources
noun
the department of an organisation that deals with finding new people to work there, keeping records She works in human resources. about all the organisation's employees, and helping them with any problems C2 C1 describes someone who has been made to feel ashamed or stupid a search for something or someone The waiter looked humiliated when he saw the size of the tip they gave him. a job hunt
Unit 14
humiliated hunt hypnosis idea idiot if only
adjective noun noun noun noun phrase
a mental state like sleep, in which a person's Police placed witnesses under hypnosis in an thoughts can be easily influenced by someone else effort to gain additional information. A2 B2 B1 an understanding, thought, or picture in your mind a stupid person or someone who is behaving in a stupid way used when you want to say how doing something simple would make it possible to avoid something unpleasant A dream could give you the idea for a great work of art. Like an idiot, I believed him. If only Id asked for some advice.
Unit 07 Unit 03
Unit 08
ignore illness illness imagery imaginary imagination imaginative imagine immediate immigration impact implement implode imply important impose impossible impression
verb noun noun noun adjective noun adjective verb adjective noun noun verb verb verb adjective verb adjective noun
B2 B1 B1
to pay no attention to something or someone a disease of the body or mind a disease of the body or mind the use of words or pictures in books, films, paintings, etc to describe ideas or situations not real but imagined in your mind the ability to create ideas or pictures in your mind Something which is imaginative is new or clever and often unusual. to create an idea or picture of something in your mind happening or done without waiting or very soon after something else
You can't ignore it, the problem won't go away. Unfortunately I couldn't go because of illness. a serious/terminal illness The poem is famous for its beautiful imagery. The story takes place in an imaginary world. A game designer has to have plenty of imagination. an imaginative use of colour I can imagine it in the kitchen. The government has promised to take immediate action.
C1 B1 C1 B1 B2 B2 B2 B2
when someone comes to live in a different country immigration policy the effect that a person, event, or situation has on someone or something to make a law, system, plan, etc start to happen or operate to fall towards the inside with force Latino singers have had a major impact on pop music this year. Our new computerised system will soon be fully implemented. The vacuum inside the tube caused it to implode when the external air pressure was increased. This implies that he has some sympathy for their situation. If you receive a job offer, its really important that you get it in writing. to impose a ban/tax an impossible task It caused a lot of controversy it made a big impression on people.
Unit 10
C2 A1 C1 B1 B2
to suggest or show something, without saying it directly valuable, useful, or necessary to officially order that a rule, tax, punishment, etc will happen If an action or event is impossible, it cannot happen or be done. an idea, feeling, or opinion about something or someone
impressive in addition in agreement in and out in any case in charge of in fact in favour in honour of in part in particular in place in response to in that case in the way in two minds in use inactive inch incident
adjective noun phrase phrase phrase phrase phrase phrase phrase phrase phrase phrase phrase phrase phrase idiom phrase adjective noun noun
B2 B1 B2
Someone or something that is impressive makes you admire and respect them. as well having the same opinion into and out of a place used to give another reason for something that you are saying, or that you have done being the person who controls or is responsible for someone or something used before saying the truth about something, usually when it is not what you would expect If you are in favour of a plan or an idea, you agree with it or approve of it. in order to celebrate or show respect for someone or something partly especially in the correct position
It's a historic town with some very impressive ancient buildings and statues. In addition to his flat in London, he has a villa in Italy. Sources are in agreement that Leif Eriksson died in about 1020. People were wandering in and out. In any case, that room's too small. The director of photography is in charge of the camera and lighting crew. In fact most travel writers find it hard just to make a living.
B2 B1 B1 B2 B2 B1 B2 B2 B2
Unit 09
C1 A2
B1 B2
Most people are in favour of reducing traffic in cities. It's a bronze statue, erected in honour of Saigo Takamori. He is in part to blame for the accident. For Hilary in particular it was interesting. I tend to make sure everything's in place. In response to RealGuys comments that virtual as a reaction to worlds are a waste of time, I couldnt disagree more. because of the mentioned situation Well, in that case, Ive got another idea. preventing someone from doing what they want to Spencer wants to be the next President, but do Gomez is in the way. unable to decide about something Im in two minds about this one. What kinds of technology and equipment are in used regular use nowadays? Beetle grubs stay inactive underground until not active or working spring. a unit for measuring length, equal to 2.54 The snow was 6 inches deep in some places. centimetres I suggest you take steps to ensure that such an an event, especially one that is bad or unusual incident doesnt happen again.
Unit 05 Unit 04 Unit 12 Unit 01 Unit 14 Unit 06 Unit 13 Unit 09 Unit 03 Unit 03 Unit 07 Unit 14 Unit 08
include incompetent inconvenience incredibly independently influence inform inform injection ink inn inner inner strength innocent innovative insight insist on inspiration inspire inspire
verb adjective noun adverb adverb noun verb verb noun noun noun adjective noun phrase adjective adjective noun phrasal verb noun verb verb
A2
C1 B2 B2 B2 B1 B1 C2 B1
to make something part of something else not able to do your job, or things that you are expected to do, successfully when something causes difficulty such as unexpected changes or effort extremely someone or something that has an effect on another person or thing to tell someone about something to tell someone about something when someone puts a drug into your body using a needle a coloured liquid that you use for writing, printing, or drawing a small hotel in the countryside Inner feelings, thoughts, etc are ones that you do not show or tell other people.
He included the story in his book on France. incompetent managers The Director apologised for any inconvenience caused. I remember feeling incredibly lonely. Theyre expected to work independently. He was quite a positive influence on me. We regret to inform you that we are unable to offer you a position at this time. If he calls me again, I shall inform the police. an insulin injection My pen has run out of ink. They stayed at an inn. a profound sense of inner peace
B2 B2 B2 C1 C1 B1 B2 B2 B2
a quality in someone's character that allows them He was one of those people who have a lot of to stay calm and succeed in difficult situations inner strength. not guilty of committing a crime using new methods or ideas He claims to be innocent of the crime. an innovative approach to programme making
the ability to understand what something is really The book provides a fascinating insight into the like, or an example of this world of art. I regret I didnt insist on seeing a director at the to demand something forcefully time. Scientists and engineers get a lot of inspiration a sudden good idea about what you should do from dreams. to give someone an idea for a book, play, painting, Srinivasa Ramanujan was inspired by dreams. etc to make someone feel that they want to do A drama teacher at school had inspired Sam to something and can do it become an actor.
install insult intend intend interact interior intermediate internally internship interview intrigue introduce someone to something isolated item jammed jocular joke joy jump jungle
verb verb verb verb verb noun adjective adverb noun noun verb verb phrase adjective noun adjective adjective verb noun noun noun
B1 B2 B1 B1 B2 B2 B1 C1
to put a piece of equipment somewhere and make it ready to use to say or do something to someone that is rude and offensive to want and plan to do something to have as a plan or purpose to talk and do things with other people the inside part of something between the highest and lowest levels of knowledge or skill inside a person, object, organisation, place or country a period of time spent doing a job as part of becoming qualified to do it
The school has installed a burglar alarm. How dare you insult me in front of my friends! What do you intend to do after this job? The vase was intended to be a gift. At school, teachers say he interacted well with other students. the grand interior of the hotel intermediate students This medicine should not be taken internally. New graduates should usually have some internship experience.
B1 C2 B2 C1 B1 C2 B1 B2 B2 B1
a meeting in which someone asks you questions to To get to the interview stage, you really need to see if you are suitable for a job or course sell yourself in your CV and covering letter. If someone or something intrigues you, they interest you very much. to help someone to experience something for the first time alone and not having help or support from other people a single thing in a group of things or on a list full of people funny or intended to make someone laugh to say funny things, or not be serious something or someone that makes you feel very happy a sudden movement off the ground or off a high place an area of land, usually in tropical countries, where trees and plants grow close together I was really intrigued by all the cultural differences I noticed This course introduces you to the skill of creative writing. I just felt so isolated. the last item on the list Its a busy area, jammed with people. a jocular comment Are you joking? She's a joy to work with. He won with a jump of 8.5 metres. jungle animals
Unit 14
Unit 08
Unit 03
Unit 02
junior justice keep keep an appointment
adjective noun verb phrase
B2 B2 A2 B2 C2
low or lower in rank behaviour or treatment that is fair and morally correct to have something permanently or for the whole of a period of time
a junior minister/senator She tried to bring about fairness and justice for all. How can we solve this problem and keep everyone happy.
to go to a meeting or event that has been arranged I always keep my appointments. to hope that things will happen in the way that you want them to, sometimes putting one finger over another to bring good luck to continue without stopping or changing or to continue something without allowing it to stop or change to move at the same speed as someone or something that is moving forward so that you stay level with them When a football match or other event kicks off, it starts. something that makes something start to happen I always keep my fingers crossed when my flight takes off. It can be difficult to keep up your concentration.
keep my verb phrase fingers crossed keep up keep up with (sb) kick off kickstart kneel knot knowledge laboratory lack landmark landscape language phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb noun verb noun noun noun verb noun noun noun
Unit 13
B1
Unit 03
B2 C1
I couldn't keep up with him. What time do football matches in your country usually kick off? I will do my homework - I just need a little kickstart. She knelt down beside the child. I untied the knots. Shes used her knowledge and training to benefit the environment. research laboratories She really lacks confidence.
Unit 08
B2 C2 B1 B1 B2 C1 B1 A1
to go down into or stay in a position where one or both of your knees are on the ground a place where pieces of string, rope, etc have been tied together information and understanding that you have in your mind a room used for scientific work to not have something, or not have enough of something
a building that you can easily recognize, especially The Statue of Liberty is one of the world's most one that helps you to know where you are famous landmarks. the appearance of an area of land, especially in the countryside communication between people, usually using words It looked odd at first but now people just see it as part of the landscape. There are many different languages in India and there are even more dialects.
Unit 04
Unit 04 Unit 08
laser league leave lecture (noun) legal action lend
noun noun verb noun noun phrase verb
B2 B1 A2 B1
a strong beam of light that has medical and technical uses a group of teams which compete against each other in a sport
a laser beam top/bottom of the league
Unit 14 Unit 01
to not take something with you when you go away If we leave it where it is, no onell see it. from a place, either intentionally or by accident a formal talk given to a group of people in order to teach them about a subject the process of going to court so that a decision can be made officially by law If a bank lends money, it gives money to someone who then pays the money back in small amounts over a period. A person's life's work is the work which is most important to them and to which they give a lot of time and effort for all of your life the period of time that someone is alive similar to or in the same way as someone or something a rule or situation that limits something relating to language or linguistics to make a connection between two or more people, things, or ideas to change into a liquid form a substance, for example water, that is not solid and that can be poured easily someone who listens having the real or original meaning of a word or phrase pieces of paper and other waste that are left in public places A load of something is a lot of that thing. to find the exact position of someone or something Seminars are a waste of time. Students learn much more from lectures. They came up with a compromise so there was no need for legal action. Would you lend me fifty euros?' Shes made preserving the natural world her lifes work. a lifelong friend/interest I can't see it happening within my lifetime. Nowadays the mine at Wieliczka is like a huge underground city. space limitations There is huge linguistic variety in India. I think we should link that page to Portraits. Gases liquefy under pressure. The chocolate turns back into a liquid. I'm a good listener. They were responsible for literally millions of deaths. There was a lot of litter in the street. I printed a load of leaflets. Who finds it difficult to locate places on a map?
Unit 02
Unit 03 Unit 13
A2
Unit 02
lifes work lifelong lifetime like limitation linguistic link liquefy liquid listener literally litter load locate
noun adjective noun preposition noun adjective verb verb noun noun adverb noun noun verb B1 C1 B2 B2 B1 B2 C2 B2 A2 C1 C1 B2
locate logging logical logo long term long-lasting long-term
verb noun adjective noun
B1
If something is located in a particular place, that is where it is. the activity of cutting down trees for wood using reason a design or symbol used by a company to advertise its products continuing a long time into the future continuing for a long period of time continuing a long time into the future to consider a subject carefully
a cottage located in the countryside logging companies. The logical thing is to return the tree to the garden centre. a corporate logo long-term unemployment If something is long-lasting, it is durable. A long-term commitment. Ill be looking at four main areas.
Unit 09 Unit 10 Unit 01 Unit 11 Unit 14 Unit 05 Unit 06 Unit 09 Unit 04 Unit 14 Unit 03 Unit 05 Unit 06 Unit 04 Unit 01 Unit 12
B2 B1 B2 C2 B2 B2 B2 C2 B2
adjective adjective adjective phrasal look at verb look forward to phrasal (+_ing) verb phrasal looking ahead verb lose your phrase temper low-key low-quality lyrics majority make adjective adjective noun noun verb
used at the end of a formal letter to show that you We look forward to discussing them further at a hope to hear from someone soon time of your convenience. thinking about and planning for what will happen in the future to suddenly become very angry not attracting attention He doesn't often lose his temper. Id say the colours are low-key and, well, quite elegant. A low-quality science fiction movie. The song has beautiful lyrics. The majority of people in this country own their houses. How easy is it to make an appointment at a clinic or with a doctor? Do you think you made good use of your time at school or college? People didnt know what to make of the tower at first. It makes a lot of sense.
B1 B2 B2 A2 B2 C2 B2 B1
of a poor standard the words of a song more than half of a group of people or things to produce or create something to use something effectively, with good results to understand or think about someone or something in a particular way to have a meaning or reason that you can understand to cause someone to have doubts about something or to consider something very seriously
make good use verb phrase of something make of make sense phrasal verb verb phrase
Unit 03
Unit 04 Unit 01
make someone verb phrase think
Unit 04
make something feel verb phrase (+ adj) make sure make up one's mind malaria verb phrase verb phrase noun
B1 A2 B1
to cause something to seem a particular way to take action so that you are certain that something happens, is true, etc to decide something
Itd make the room feel a lot bigger . Make sure you see the Great Buddha while you're there. I cant make up my mind about it.
Unit 05
Unit 04 Unit 03
a serious disease that you can get in hot countries Many people died of malaria. if a mosquito (=small insect) bites you a failure to work or operate correctly B1 to be in control of an office, shop, team, etc to control someone or something in a clever way so that they do what you want them to do B2 B2 the way in which a person talks and behaves with other people to produce something, usually in large numbers in a factory to represent an area of land in the form of a map found in the sea, or relating to the sea the activity of rubbing or pressing parts of someone's body in order to make them relax or to stop their muscles hurting very big someone who does something very well The maximum amount of something is the largest amount that is allowed or possible. used to talk about what is possibly true or will possibly happen If you say that something may well happen, you mean that it is likely to happen Shortly before the crash the pilot had reported a malfunction of the aircraft's navigation system. The director of photography manages the camera and lighting crew. He knows how to manipulate people to get his won way. Do doctors tend to have a formal or informal manner towards patients? Local industries manufacture plastic products, boats, and clothing. It must be amazing to map an unexplored area. marine creatures/life to have a massage a massive building He was a master of disguise. the maximum temperature/speed He may have felt a bit ill after eating too much. She may well have forgotten what I looked like.
Unit 12
malfunction manage manipulate manner manufacture map marine massage massive master maximum may may well
noun verb verb noun verb verb adjective noun adjective noun adjective modal verb phrase B2 C2 B1 B2 B2
Unit 02
Unit 01
Unit 11
mean meanwhile measure medal medicine meditate member mental mention mention mentor microphone
verb adverb noun noun noun verb noun adjective verb noun noun noun
B1 B1 B2 B2 A2
to have a particular meaning in the time between two things happening, or while something else is happening a way of achieving something or dealing with a situation a metal disc given as a prize in a competition or given to someone who has been very brave a substance used to cure an illness or injury to think calm thoughts for a long period in order to relax or as a religious activity a person who belongs to a group or an organization relating to the mind, or involving the process of thinking to briefly speak or write about something or someone a brief remark an experienced person who gives help and advice to someone with less experience
What do you mean by special ingredient? The mother is ill. The child, meanwhile, is living with foster parents. This arrangement is only a temporary measure. a bronze medal Do you know if youre allergic to any medicine? I meditate twice a day. Im a member of the Screenwriters Guild mental health/illness Earlier I mentioned how folding machine folds the paper. Interestingly, several sites make no mention of his companions. I had a great mentor in my first job.
Unit 03
A2 B2 B1 B2
B2
a piece of electrical equipment for recording or You will need to use a microphone. broadcasting sounds, or for making sounds louder a piece of scientific equipment which uses lenses (=pieces of curved glass) to make very small objects look bigger in the middle of your life before you are old used to talk about what was possibly true When weather is mild, it is less cold than you would expect. We looked at the cells under the microscope. A middle-aged piano teacher. He might have been a bit angry. Its hard to say. a mild winter
Unit 09
microscope middle-aged might have mild mince your words
noun adjective modal verb adjective phrase B1 B2 B1
If you do not mince your words, you say what you Rob was not a man to mince his words. mean directly, even if this upsets people.
Unit 08
mind mine miniature minimum
verb noun adjective adjective
A2 B2 C2 B1
to be annoyed or worried by something an underground system of holes and passages where people dig out coal or other minerals extremely small The minimum amount of something is the smallest amount that is allowed, needed, or possible. a politician who is responsible for a government department or has an important position in it to not do an activity when someone does not understand something correctly
If you dont mind me asking, whats the big hurry? He worked at the mine. a miniature camera How much is the minimum wage?
Unit 07
minister miss
noun noun
B2 A2 B2 B2
a finance/health minister Dont miss the well-stocked Hakuhinkan toy store in Tokyo. How would you deal with a misunderstanding.
Unit 07
Unit 04 Unit 02
misunderstandi noun ng mix verb
to (cause different substances to) combine, so that The bottle-makers crush the ingredients to a the result cannot easily be separated into its parts powder and mix them up. If you have mixed feelings about something, you are pleased and not pleased at the same time. when there is a mistake because things are confused using the newest ideas, design, technology, etc and not traditional If you are modest, you do not talk in a proud way about your skills or successes. the smallest unit of a substance, consisting of one or more atoms using only one language a statue or building that is built to honour a special person or event Ive got mixed feelings about that one There was a mix-up with the bags at the airport. modern art/architecture He's very modest about his achievements. a hydrogen molecule monolingual dictionaries The monument is in the shape of a spire and was erected to celebrate the Millennium.
Unit 11
mixed feelings mix-up modern modest molecule monolingual monument
phrase noun adjective adjective noun adjective noun
B1 B2 A2 C1
Unit 03
B2
moped
noun
a small motorcycle which also has pedalsparts which you press with your feet to move forward which can be used when starting it or travelling up a hill B2 almost a type of flower which opens in the morning very embarrassed B2 the first language that you learn when you are a child the first language you learn when you are a baby C1 A2 A2 C1 A1
She gets around town on a moped. Just a minute. Ive more or less finished this report. We planted some morning glories. When she saw me, she ran over and hugged me and kissed me on both cheeks. I felt absolutely mortified! Their mother tongues are regional languages and are absolutely different. My mother tongue is French.
Unit 11
more or less morning glory mortified
phrase noun adjective
mother tongue noun mother tongue noun motivate move move along move on movie mull over multilingual multi-task must mystery mystify nail verb verb phrasal verb phrasal verb noun phrasal verb adjective verb modal verb noun verb noun
to make someone enthusiastic about doing Teaching is all about motivating people to learn. something to change place or position, or to make something Its better to move all that information to the change place or position homepage. to go forwards towards the end of something to change from one subject to another when you are talking or writing a film The book moves along a conveyor belt. Lets move on to how you can get into the business. Casablanca' is my favourite movie.
to think carefully about something for a long time I spent a long time mulling it over. using or speaking more than two languages to do several activities at the same time used to show that you think something is very likely or certain to be true something strange or unknown that cannot be explained or understood If something mystifies someone, they cannot understand or explain it because it is confusing or complicated. a thin piece of metal with a sharp end, used to join pieces of wood together Most mothers are good at multi-tasking. I think she must have felt homesick. an unsolved mystery She must have been mystified by my cold reaction. a three-inch nail
B2 B1
Unit 08
B2
Unit 04
narrative narrow down
noun phrasal verb adjective adverb phrase adjective phrase phrase verb
C2 C2
a story or description of a series of events to make a number or list of things smaller and clearer, by removing the things that are least important or suitable Something that is natural exists or happens because of nature, not because it was made or done by people. almost all except a very small number of
The class will focus on dialogue and narrative. Ive narrowed it down to these two. Do you know anyone who has natural talent in something? Nearly all of them said theyd be interested in buying from us. Nearly all the sandwiches we make have meat in them.
Unit 03
Unit 03
natural nearly nearly all next no better than no way nominate none of my business nosy not mind (+ ing)
B1 A2 A2 A2
Unit 01
Unit 11 Unit 11
B1 C1
The next time, event, person, or thing is the one nearest to now or the one that follows the present Next thing I knew, I was falling fast. one. Some see homeopathy as no better than a sugar having no more qualities or advantages than pill. certainly not Theres no way Id just telephone. to officially suggest a person or their work for a He was nominated for an award. prize If something is none of someone's business, they do not need to know about it, although they want to, because it does not affect them. always trying to find out private things about other people If you wouldn't mind doing something, you are willing to do it. to not think someone or something is good or important Maybe its none of my business but what's the problem? I dont want to be nosy but do you know whats going on? I wouldnt mind doing a course in First Aid. Where I live, people generally think highly of doctors but they dont think much of teachers.
Unit 02
idiom
B2
Unit 07
adjective verb phrase
C2 B1
Unit 07 Unit 03
not think much verb phrase of notch note novel noun noun adjective C1 C2
Unit 01
a cut in the shape of the letter V on the edge or He cut a notch in the wood. surface of something words that you write down to help you remember I have made a note of your telephone number. something new or different from anything else a novel idea/approach
novelist nowadays nuclear null oat obey objective obliged to obliged to do something observe obsolete obtain obvious obviously occur
noun adverb adjective adjective noun verb noun phrase verb phrase verb adjective verb adjective adverb verb
B2 B1 B2
a person who writes novels at the present time, especially when compared to the past relating to the energy that is released when the nucleus (=central part) of an atom is divided having no substance or value a type of grain that people eat or feed to animals
He is a children's novelist. Nowadays people celebrate Bonfire Night together. nuclear weapons/waste Their readership was null. oat biscuits
Unit 04 Unit 04
Unit 10 Unit 07 Unit 13 Unit 10 Unit 14 Unit 10 Unit 10 Unit 02 Unit 14 Unit 11 Unit 01 Unit 03 Unit 08 Unit 08 Unit 10 Unit 14 Unit 12 Unit 02 Unit 13
B2 B2 B2 B2 B2 C1 B2 B1 B1 B2 C2
odds and ends phrase off course offensive offer offer official complaint phrase adjective verb verb noun phrase
B2 B1 B2 B2
to do what you are told to do by a person, rule, or If you refuse to obey the law, you'll be arrested. instruction CVs usually include a main objective, details of something that you are trying to achieve experience and references. If you are obliged to do something, you have to do Sellers are not legally obliged to accept the it. highest offer. Landowners are obliged to let us walk on their to be forced to do something land. to watch someone or something carefully Children learn by observing adults. not used now obsolete equipment to get something to obtain permission easy to understand or see It's a bit obvious. in a way that is easy to understand or see Obviously, they had a lucky escape. According to the police, the shooting occurred at to happen, often without being planned about 12.30 a.m. various things of different types, usually small and Look! here a box of odds and ends from our old not important or of little value flat. away from the direction in which a ship, aircraft, The ship was blown off course. etc. should be moving likely to make people angry or upset an offensive remark to give or provide something That kind of medicine offers no benefit. to say that you will pay a particular amount of We can offer a refund on the room rental. money when someone tells a person in authority that If you are really unhappy with the service you something is wrong or not satisfactory could make an official complaint.
official language old days on earth
noun phrase noun phrase phrase
B2
a language that has a special importance in a country, often the language used in its courts and parliament a period in the past used for adding emphasis to questions, often when the speaker is surprised or angry In the old days, people used to celebrate Bonfire Night in their back gardens. How on earth did she manage that? Id reject the first on the grounds that it could be too cold. On the other hand, you have people who say that even if it is illegal, it doesn't hurt the music industry. Its chilly, isnt it? Winters definitely on the way. Is the use of online learning in teaching small children a good idea? The Eiffel Tower opened to the public in May 1889. When it comes to politics, I try to keep an open mind. Our company is operating under very difficult conditions at present. You have to be trained to operate the machinery. She spoke to everyone involved and got their opinion. She's a very opinionated young woman. We were pleased to have the opportunity to discuss your qualifications and expectations. We're opposed to any tax increases.
Unit 08
on the grounds phrase that on the other hand on the way online learning open open mind phrase phrase noun phrase adjective noun phrase verb verb noun adjective noun
B2 B2
for the reason that used for introducing an opposite opinion or way of thinking about something going to happen soon
Unit 06
A2 A2 B2
a way of learning that involves the use of computers and the Internet not closed or fastened If someone has an open mind, they consider ideas and opinions that are new or different to their own. If an organisation or business operates, it is working, and if you operate it, you manage it and make it work. to make a machine or piece of equipment do what it is designed to do a thought or belief about something or someone being too certain that your strong opinions are correct
Unit 13
operate operate opinion opinionated opportunity opposed to (sth)
B2 B2 B1
Unit 09
B1
a situation in which it is possible for you to do something, or a possibility of doing something If you are opposed to a plan or activity, you disagree with it and want to stop it or change it
Unit 14
phrase
C1
Unit 12
option origin original other side otherwise out out of place over overcome overhear overrated oversee overtake owe painkiller palm tree panda
noun noun adjective noun phrase conjunction adverb phrase preposition verb verb adjective verb verb verb noun noun noun
B1 B2 B1 B2 B1
a choice the cause of something, or where something begins or comes from special and interesting because of not being the same as others the opposite way of considering a situation used when saying what will happen if someone does not obey an order or do what has been suggested no longer included not right or suitable for a particular situation
We have the option of hiring someone to do the cleaning. the origin of the universe Where do you come up with your best or most original ideas? I'd like to present the other side of the story. They should send her to prison, otherwise, everyonell start doing this. These two are out. I just felt so out of place. Just over 150 people were surveyed including 40 from local businesses. He's trying to overcome his drug addiction and find a job.
A2 B2 C2
more than a particular amount, number, or age to deal with and control a problem or feeling
to hear what someone is saying when they are not I overheard him telling her he was leaving. talking to you If something is overrated, it is considered to be better or more important than it really is. to watch work as it is done in order to make certain that it is done correctly to go past a vehicle or person that is going in the same direction to have to pay money back to someone a drug which reduces pain I think his work is overrated. The director of photography oversees the camera and lighting crew. It's dangerous to overtake on a bend. He taught me a lot about determination I owe him a lot. Im going to give you a couple of prescriptions. One of thems an antibiotic, the others a painkiller.
Unit 01
B2 B2
Unit 12
C1
a tall tree with long leaves at the top which grows We sat under the palm trees. in hot countries a large, black and white animal that lives in He is an expert on pandas. forests in China
Unit 04 Unit 10
paperclip parachute participant pass through passage passion password patient pave over pavement pavilion peculiar pen friend people skills perfectly persistent
noun noun noun phrasal verb noun noun noun adjective phrasal verb noun noun adjective noun noun phrase adverb adjective B2 C2 B2 A2 B2 C1 B1 B2 C1 B1 B1
a small piece of metal used to hold several pieces of paper together a large piece of cloth which is fixed to your body by strings and helps you to drop safely from an aircraft someone who is involved in an activity go from one side to the other a long, narrow space that connects one place to another when you like something very much a secret word that allows you to do something, such as use your computer having patience to cover a path or road with flat stones, bricks, concrete, etc a path by the side of a road that people walk on a large tent that is used for outside events or a decorative building in this shape strange, often in an unpleasant way someone who you write friendly letters to regularly, but you have never met
I fastened the sheets with a paperclip. Her parachute failed to open. All participants finishing the race will receive a medal. The sections pass through the folding machine. There's a passage to the side of the house, leading to the garden. a passion for football Key in your password. Ive never met anybody so patient. They want the whole area paved over. It's illegal to park on the pavement. We visited the pavilion. The wine had a peculiar, musty smell. I have a French pen friend.
Unit 05
Unit 02
B1
the ability to deal well with people and form good You must be able to work independently and have relationships with them, especially at work strong organisational and people skills. used to emphasise the word that follows A persistent person continues to do something although other people do not want them to. relating to the private parts of someone's life, including their relationships and feelings the quality of having a very strong or interesting character To be perfectly honest, I don't really care. He can be very persistent sometimes.
personal personality
adjective noun
B1 B2
It's just a personal thing. Who do you know has a big personality?
Unit 07
Unit 09
personally personnel perspective persuasive phenomenon photocopy physically physicist physiotherapy pick up pill piata pioneering pirate pixel place
adverb noun noun adjective noun verb adverb noun noun phrasal verb noun noun adjective noun noun verb
B1 C1 C1 C1 C1
used when you are going to give your opinion
Personally, I think its amazing that someone so young could do that.
Unit 03
B2
A2 B1
the department of an organisation that deals with finding people to work there, keeping records I need to speak to someone in Personnel. about them, etc Being unemployed has made me see things from a the way you think about something different perspective. able to make people agree to do something I don't find it very persuasive. something that exists or happens, usually storms, lightning, and other natural phenomena something unusual to make a copy of a document with a machine which produces copies of documents using light I need to photocopy some papers. and electricity You have to be physically fit and strong for in a way that relates to the body sailing. someone who studies physics My father is a physicist. treatment for illness or injury in which you practise moving parts of your body to lift someone or something using your hands, a The gathering machine picks an A section up, tool or a machine then a B section and so on. a small, hard piece of medicine that you swallow a vitamin pill
Unit 11
Unit 13
C2 B1
a container that is filled with sweets or small presents and is hit with sticks until it breaks, used We made a piata for Maria's party. at celebrations using ideas and methods that have never been pioneering techniques used before someone who attacks ships and steals from them a small point that forms part of the image on a computer screen to put something in a particular position They were attacked by pirates. The image is formed of thousands of pixels. My idea is to place another page here.
Unit 01
B2
placebo
noun
plague plan ahead planet play a part in poet point
verb phrasal verb noun verb phrase noun noun phrasal verb noun noun noun noun
C2 B1 B1 B2 B1 B2
a substance that is not a medicine but which a patient takes, thinking it is a medicine. The purpose of a placebo is either to make a patient feel better because they think they have been treated, or to compare the effect of no medicine with the effect of medicine when it is given to other patients. to annoy someone, especially by asking repeated questions. to decide what you are going to do in advance a large, round object in space that moves around the sun or another star to be involved in something someone who writes poems an opinion, idea, or fact which someone says or writes to make a person notice someone or something, usually by telling them where they are or by holding up one of your fingers towards them a game played with cards in which people try to win money from each other a long, thin stick made of wood or metal, often used to hold something up a set of ideas or a plan of what to do in particular situations that has been agreed by a government, business, etc when people are asked questions to discover what they think about a subject a collection of designs, pictures, documents, etc that represents a person's work, or the large, flat container that it is carried in
The placebo effect is far more powerful than most people realise.
Unit 12
We plagued him with questions. I like to plan ahead because then I have a long time to look forward to things Jupiter is the largest planet of our solar system. I play quite an active part in the Screenwriters' Guild. He was a French poet. I take your point but I have to disagree with you there. When I pointed this out, the clerk said, Dont cause trouble. They played poker all evening. tent poles foreign policy A recent poll indicated that 77 percent of Americans supported the president. He showed us his portfolio.
point out
B2
Unit 08
poker pole policy poll
Unit 05 Unit 09
C2 B2
Unit 12
Unit 07
portfolio
noun
Unit 13
portrait portray position positive possess possibility postgraduate course pot potentially pour into practical practice prayer precedence
noun verb noun adjective verb noun noun phrase noun adverb phrasal verb adjective noun noun noun
B2 C2 B2 B2 C1 B1
a painting, drawing, or photograph of someone If a book or film portrays someone or something, it describes or shows them. a job Something that is positive makes you feel better about a situation. to have or own something a chance that something may happen or be true
a portrait of the princess Yeames portrays the Parliamentarian soldiers with some sensitivity. What are your reasons for applying for this position? The cost of marine expeditions is rising, but the results would have a positive effect on all our lives. They simply dont possess the talent. Theres also the possibility that thought recognition could allow you to just think a number instead of dialling it. These days you need to do postgraduate courses to get a good job.
B1 B2 B1 C1 A2 B1 C2
a course of study that a person does after they have received their first degree a round container, usually used for storing things a flower pot or cooking possibly to make a liquid flow into something suitable or useful for a situation which may involve some difficulty when you repeat an activity to improve your ability the words you say to a god when someone or something is considered more important than another person or thing behaving in a very formal and unnatural way by giving too much attention to details that are not important and trying too hard to be perfect. used to give exact details of something
Unit 03 Unit 02
There have been a number of articles criticising homeopathic remedies as potentially lethal. The operator pours ink into the printing press. Thats not really practical. Practice is important if you want to be good at something. Shall we say a prayer for him? to give precedence to something
Unit 12
precious
adjective
B2
She's so precious about her art. To be precise, the chocolate seals off the filling from the oxygen in the air
Unit 01
precise
adjective
B2
Unit 09
predict prepared to prescribe present preserve pressure prevention pride princess principle print onto prior to priority prison procedure
verb phrasal verb verb verb verb noun verb noun noun noun phrasal verb phrase noun noun noun
B1 B2 C2 B2 B2 B2 B2 B2 B1 B2 A2 C1 B2 B1 B2 C2 B2
to say what you think will happen in the future willing to to say what medical treatment someone needs to give people information in a formal way
I predict that mobile phones will become obsolete by 2020. Were prepared to add an extra $250. Painkillers are the most common drugs prescribed by doctors in Britain. The purpose of this proposal is to present some suggestions.
to keep something the same or prevent it from to preserve peace being damaged or destroyed when someone tries to make someone else do They are under pressure from the music industry. something by arguing, persuading, etc. when you stop something from happening or stop the prevention of disease someone from doing something a feeling of satisfaction at your achievements or the achievements of your family or friends the daughter of a king or queen, or one of their close female relatives a basic idea or rule which explains how something happens or works to produce writing or images on paper with a machine before a particular time or event something that is very important and that must be dealt with before other things She felt a great sense of pride as she watched him accept the award. He married a princess. The organisation works on the principle that all members have the same rights. The press prints 16 pages onto the paper three weeks prior to her death Tell us about something which is a high priority in your life.
Unit 03
a place where criminals are kept as a punishment He's spent most of his life in prison. the official or usual way of doing something to do something after you have done something else a series of actions that you take in order to achieve a result very good at something The company has new procedures for dealing with complaints. She sat down and proceeded to tell me her life story. And thats the whole process. She's proficient in two languages.
proceed to (do verb sth) process proficient noun adjective
progress prolong promise promote proof proper proposal propose propose
verb verb verb verb noun adjective noun verb verb
B2 C1 B1 B2 B2 B1 B2 B2 B2
Technology has progressed rapidly in the last 100 years. to make something last longer Eating a good diet can prolong your life. to say that you will certainly do something or that He promised that hed have the corporate logo something will certainly happen tattooed on his forearm. to advertise something The band is promoting their new album. a fact or a piece of information that shows Theres no proof that it works. something exists or is true Writing a letter is considered the proper thing to socially acceptable do. We hope that our proposals will be given serious a suggestion for a plan consideration. We also propose that the company buy several to suggest a plan or action poster-size prints to brighten up the walls even more. I propose that we delay our decision until we have to suggest a plan or action more information. to improve or develop in skills, knowledge, etc Prospective buyers, employers, parents, etc., are not yet buyers, employers, parents, etc., but are expected to be in the future. We interview all the prospective candidates.
Unit 12
Unit 06
prospective
adjective
C1
Unit 07
prototype provided pry psychology public publicly punishment purchase
noun conjunction verb noun noun adverb noun verb B2 B1 C2 B2 B2 B2
the first model or example of something new that a prototype for a new car can be developed or copied in the future only if to try to discover private things about people the study of the human mind and feelings all ordinary people If you do something publicly, everyone can see it, hear it, or know about it. when someone is punished to buy something Wed be willing to come here again provided we can sort out this problem. I don't mean to pry but is something wrong? child psychology The Eiffel Tower opened to the public in May 1889. I would like to see homeopaths debating publicly with their critics. Is community service a useful punishment? Tickets must be purchased two weeks in advance.
Unit 14
pure puritanical pursuit put in put into put off put on
adjective adjective noun phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb
B1 B1
A pure substance is not mixed with anything else. pure gold having very strict ways of behaving They are puritanical about speaking one language.
A1 A1 B1 A2 B2 C2 B2 B2 B2 B2
put someone at verb phrase ease put someone verb phrase on edge phrasal put together verb phrasal put up verb put up with put up with (sb) putty qualify quarter phrasal verb phrasal verb noun verb noun
an activity that you spend time doing, often when outdoor pursuits you are not working to fix a large piece of equipment or system into a Its a very old building but weve decided to put in room or building, ready to be used central heating. The operator puts the sheets into the folding to place something inside something machine. to decide or arrange to delay an event or activity I know I should see a dentist but I keep putting it until a later time off. to make a device operate, or to cause a device to play something, such as a CD or video, by pressing Do you mind if I put the television on? a switch The first question an interviewer asks should put to make someone start to feel relaxed them at ease. If you put somebody on edge, they won't be able to make someone feel nervous to. The gathering machine puts a complete set to move things next to each other together to make a book block'. The hotel was full so I asked Abbas to put me up to stay somewhere for the night for a few days. to accept unpleasant behaviour or an unpleasant situation, although you do not like it to accept unpleasant or annoying behaviour although you do not like it a soft, grey substance that becomes hard when it is dry and is used to fasten glass into windows or to fill small holes in wood to pass exams so that you are able to do a job one of four equal parts of something; 1 4 They simply put up with the problem. I don't know how she puts up with him. The putty around the windows is cracked. He's recently qualified as a doctor. Three quarters of local people said they need cakes for special occasions.
Unit 13
Unit 13
Unit 13
Unit 09
B2 A2
Unit 03 Unit 11
quote
noun
C2
radio telescope noun rail rain or shine react reaction readership real realise realistic real-world reasonably receive recommend record recover noun idiom verb noun noun adjective verb adjective noun adverb verb verb noun verb B1 C1 B1 B2 B1 B2 B1 B1 B2 B2 C2
a document or a statement saying how much a piece of work will cost a device for receiving, for scientific study, the electomagnetic waves sent out by objects in space such as stars the metal tracks that trains run on whatever the weather is to say, do, or feel something because of something else that has been said or done something you say, feel, or do because of something that has happened the number and type of people who read a particular newspaper, magazine, etc important, proper to understand a situation, sometimes suddenly showing things and people as they really are, or making them seem to be real the set of situations most humans have to deal with in their lives, rather than what happens in stories, films, etc in a fair way, showing good judgment to react to a suggestion or piece of work in a particular way
We got three quotes for the work. They use radio telescopes to search the skies for signals from alien civilisations. The train travels along the rails. Were going rain or shine. Nothing will stop us. I usually react to circumstances and tend to respond to things spontaneously. What was his reaction to the news? These magazines have a very young readership. She had her first real success when she began performing at the Arabic Theatre Palace. Kekul realised that benzene molecules have the shape of a ring. That statue is very realistic. People may seek real-world justice for people who harm them virtually. Bright, modern, reasonably priced events marquee. The monument was badly received when it was first built.
Unit 14
Unit 04
Unit 07 Unit 04
Unit 06
to advise someone that something should be done Id strongly recommend it. information that is written on paper or stored on computer so that it can be used in the future Would you mind if we keep your records on file?
Unit 14
to become healthy or happy again after an illness, It takes a long time to recover from surgery. injury, or period of sadness
Unit 04
refer to (sth) reference reflex refreshing refuse refuse regard something as something regional language register regret regular reject
phrasal verb noun noun adjective verb verb verb phrase noun phrase verb verb adjective verb
B2 B2
to talk or write about someone or something, especially briefly a letter that is written by someone who knows you, to say if you are suitable for a job or course a physical reaction that you cannot control
She did not refer to the past. CVs usually include a main objective, details of experience and references. She's good at sport, she must have quick reflexes If you can, try out a mountain onsen - theyre wonderfully refreshing. They refused my job application. I asked him to leave but he refused. Today, the Tower is widely regarded as a striking piece of structural art. Their mother tongues are regional languages and are absolutely different. Is he registered with the authorities to sell alcohol?
Unit 08
Unit 14
C1 B1 B1 B2 B2 B1 B2 B1 B2 B2 B2 B2
making you feel less hot or tired to say that you will not do or accept something to say that you will not do or accept something to consider something in a particular way a language that is used only in a part of a country to put information about someone or something, especially a name, on an official list
Unit 04
Unit 08
Unit 10
used to say that you are sorry that you have to tell We regret to inform you that we are unable to someone about a situation offer you a position at this time. happening or doing something often, especially at regular exercise the same time every week, year, etc. to refuse to accept or agree with something to refuse to accept or agree with something connected to or similar to something quite, when compared to other things or people never stopping or getting any less extreme related or useful to what is happening or being talked about The United States government rejected the proposal. Why do they reject the other ideas? The language is related to French. Eating out is relatively cheap. relentless criticism relevant information
Unit 08
Unit 09
reject verb related to (sth) phrase relatively relentless relevant adverb adjective adjective
B2
relief reluctant remarkably remedy remember (+ ing) renew renowned rental repair repetitive report to
noun adjective adverb noun verb verb adjective noun verb adjective phrasal verb adverb
B2 C1 C1 B2 A1 B2 C2
the good feeling that you have when something unpleasant stops or does not happen not wanting to do something
It'll be such a relief when these exams are over.
Unit 12
A2 C1
reportedly
C2
reputation research residence resignation resistance
noun noun noun noun noun
B2 B1 C2 C2 C2
Many victims of crime are reluctant to go to the police. in a way that makes you feel surprised He works remarkably long hours. I bought a natural remedy at the chemists, but it something that makes you better when you are ill doesnt seem to be having any effect. If you remember a fact or something from the past, you keep it in your mind, or bring it back I remember feeling incredibly lonely. into your mind. to arrange to continue an official agreement that I've decided not to renew my golf club was going to end soon membership this year. famous The Lake District is renowned for its beauty. the amount of money that you pay to rent The price includes flights and car rental. something to fix something that is broken or damaged I must get my bike repaired. doing or saying the same thing several times, a repetitive job especially in a way that is boring Someone you report to at work is the person in authority who gives you tasks and checks that you On a film set, everybody reports to the director. do them. If something has reportedly happened or is Two students were reportedly killed and several reportedly a fact, people say it has happened or is wounded. true. the opinion that people have about someone or something based on their behaviour or character Both hotels have a good reputation. in the past when someone studies a subject in detail in order Research suggests that people learn in different to discover new information ways. a building where someone lives the Queen's official residence when someone tells their employer that they are a letter of resignation leaving their job when someone fights against someone who is a symbol of national resistance attacking them
Unit 02
Unit 09
Unit 06
Unit 13
responsibility responsible for restore restore rsum
noun phrasal verb verb verb noun
B2 B1 C1 B2 B1
something that it is your job or duty to deal with having control and authority over something or someone to make something good exist again to repair something old a document which describes your qualifications and the jobs that you have done, which you send to an employer that you want to work for a part at the back of the eye, which is affected by light and sends messages to the brain
Its the camera operators responsibility to make sure the camera moves smoothly The director is responsible for interpreting the screenplay. I hope that you will be able to restore my confidence in your hotel. to restore antiques She asked to see my rsum.
Unit 11
retina revise riddle right right right in saying rightly rigid rival roam roar robot role
noun verb noun adjective noun phrase adverb adjective noun verb noun noun noun C2 B1 B2 B2 C2 C2 A1 B2 B2
a damaged retina a revised edition of the book Scientists may have solved the riddle of Saturn's rings. Maybe youre right about that. Hikers have the right to walk on public or privately owned land. I think Im right in saying that you can rent an audio tour. If I remember rightly, its a two or three hours by bus. I found the rules a little too rigid. business/political rivals gangs of youths roaming the street at night a lion's roar They use robots in the factory. Ive recently taken on the role of their teacher.
Unit 14
to change something so that it is more accurate a situation or event that you cannot understand correct or true something that the law allows you to do correct in your opinion or explanation in a correct way not able to change or be changed easily someone or something that is competing with another person or thing to move around a place without any purpose a loud, deep sound a machine controlled by a computer, which can move and do other things that people can do the job someone or something has in a particular situation
Unit 09
role model role-playing romance rosebush round off rub
noun adjective noun noun phrasal verb verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb verb phrase adjective noun adverb noun verb verb noun
C1
B1
someone you try to behave like because you admire them involving an activity in which people pretend to be other people an exciting relationship of love between two people, often a short one a short, thick plant with roses to complete an event or activity in a pleasant way
Jane is such a good role model for her younger sister. a role-playing game They got married last September after a whirlwind romance. They planted a rosebush in the garden. Do you like to round off a big meal with a coffee or something sweet?
B2
to move a substance backwards and forwards over Rub the cream into your skin. a surface so that it covers it and goes into it to decide or state that something is impossible or will not happen, or that something or someone is not suitable to decide or state that something is impossible or will not happen, or that something or someone is not suitable to tell someone about something so that they can give their opinion about it to move on your feet at a faster speed than walking relating to the countryside and not to towns a bad situation where you do the same things all the time, or where it is impossible to make progress in a safe way a fixed amount of money that you receive from your employer, usually every month to tell someone about a fact, thought, or opinion to look around an area quickly to try to find a person or thing the attractive, natural things that you see in the countryside We've ruled out several dates already. Id rule it out since it might not involve everyone equally. Can you run that past me again? He ran up the stairs. a rural area I need to get out of this rut. We all arrived safely. Usually people dont ask about salary and but its discussed later when they offer you something. I'd rather not say. He loved to scan the night sky looking for stars and planets. The Grand Canyon is famous for its spectacular scenery.
Unit 12
rule (sth) out
Unit 12
rule out run something past someone run up/down rural rut safely salary say scan scenery
C2
Unit 12
A1 B2 C2 B1 B1 B1 C1 B1
schedule scholar scientific basis sci-fi scold screenplay screenwriter sculpture seal off search second language secret section see seek seem self-discipline self-esteem
noun noun noun phrase noun verb noun noun noun phrasal verb noun noun noun noun verb verb verb noun noun
B2 C1 B2
a plan that gives events or activities and the times I have a very busy schedule today. that they will happen or be done someone who has studied a subject and knows a a legal scholar lot about it If something has no scientific basis, according to science it is not true or does not exist. science fiction to speak angrily to someone because they have done something wrong a story that is written for television or for a film It has no scientific basis. He's a big sci-fi fan. Their mother scolded them. I write screenplays for films.
Unit 03 Unit 01
Unit 12 Unit 13 Unit 10 Unit 09 Unit 09 Unit 04 Unit 09 Unit 02 Unit 08 Unit 13 Unit 04 Unit 05 Unit 06 Unit 05 Unit 01 Unit 01
B1 C2 B1 B1 B1 B1 B2 B2 B1 C2 C1
someone who writes the story for a film She's a screenwriter. a piece of art that is made from stone, wood, clay, Its a huge sculpture in the shape of an angel. etc to close an entrance or container so that air or The chocolate seals off the filling from the air. liquid cannot enter or leave it Police are continuing their search for the missing when you try to find someone or something girl. a language that you speak that is not the first language you learned as a child something that you tell no one about or only a few I know how to keep a secret. people one of the parts that something is divided into to imagine or think about something or someone in a particular way to try to find or get something to give the effect of being; to be judged to be the ability to make yourself do things that you do not want to do confidence in yourself and a belief in your qualities and abilities a non-smoking section in a restaurant I can see the Sahara turning into a vast solar power station. to seek advice/a solution The guard with the sobbing young girl seems to be comforting her. Do you have a lot of self-discipline? Those who receive training have a better selfesteem.
seminar send sense sensitive sentence sentence serious seriously session set set up settlement shack shade shadow shamefully shell shift
noun verb noun adjective noun verb adjective adverb noun verb phrasal verb noun noun noun noun adverb noun verb
B2 A1 B2 B2 B2 B2 B2 B1 B1 B2 B1 C2
a meeting of a group of people with a teacher or expert for training, discussion, or study of a subject to cause something to go from one place to another the meaning of a word, phrase, or sentence able to understand what people are feeling and deal with them in a way that does not upset them a punishment that a judge gives to someone who has committed a crime to give a punishment to someone who has committed a crime thinking or speaking sincerely about something and not joking in a serious way a period during which you do one activity to establish or cause to exist to arrange for an event or activity to happen
Seminars are a waste of time. Students learn much more from lectures. He sent me a text. You mentioned that being a sports producer was repetitive. In what sense? be sensitive to people's feelings It carries a maximum sentence of five years in prison prison or a fine of 3,200. He was sentenced to five years in prison. We hope that our proposals will be given serious consideration. Our students take their responsibilities very seriously. a weekly aerobics session The process involves setting specific goals. As a mediator, you set up and guide the discussion at all times.
Unit 03
Unit 02 Unit 09
Unit 01
a town or village which people built to live in after a Jewish settlement arriving from somewhere else a small simple building that has been badly built Their house is little more than a shack. a pale/dark shade of grey The tree had cast (=made) a long shadow. The children were shamefully neglected. caramel in a chocolate shell Its better to shift all that information to the homepage.
B2 B1 C1 C2 C1
a colour, especially when referring to how dark or light it is a dark area made by something that is stopping the light in a way that is bad and should make you feel embarrassed and guilty a hard outer covering for something to move something to another place
shine shoot short term shot show shrine sick and tired side effect sign up signify simplistic since single sitcom size sketch skyline
verb verb adjective noun verb noun idiom noun phrasal verb verb adjective conjunction adjective noun noun verb noun
B1 C1 B2 B2 B1
to produce bright light to use a camera to record a film or take a photograph lasting a short time a photograph If a picture, film, map, etc shows something, that thing can be seen in the picture, film, etc. a place where people go to pray because it is connected with a holy person or event angry and bored because something unpleasant has been happening for too long another effect that a drug has on your body in addition to the main effect for which the doctor has given you the drug to arrange to do an organized activity to be a sign of something making something complicated seem simple by ignoring many of the details
The sun was shining brightly through the window. Most of the film was shot in Italy. short-term memory I got a good shot of them leaving the hotel together. This painting shows an imaginary scene. They prayed at the shrine. Im sick and tired of watching TV. Its boring! Headaches are one side effect of this drug. If you had more time, what course would you sign up for? The sculpture signifies that you have arrived somewhere. It seems quite simplistic. Id rule it out since it might not involve everyone equally.
Unit 02
Unit 04 Unit 08
C1 B1
Unit 12
B1 B1
because
considered on its own; separate from other things She got top marks in every single subject. a funny television programme that is about the same group of people every week in different situations how big or small something is to draw a rough picture the pattern that is made against the sky by tall buildings He starred in several sitcoms. It's a good size. I sketched a map for him on a scrap of paper. the New York skyline
A2 C1
slack sledding slightly slow down smoothly snap sob so-called solar panel solar power solution solve
noun noun adverb phrasal verb adverb verb verb adjective noun noun noun verb B1 B1 B2 B2 B2 B2 B2 B2
a period of time when someone is not very busy the activity of sliding over snow and ice on a long platform with strips of wood or metal under it a little to become slower or to make something become slower without any sudden movements or changes to take a photograph of someone or something to cry in a noisy way used to show that this is an informal, little known, or new name that something or someone is know as a device that changes energy from the sun into electricity energy that comes from the sun the answer to a problem to find the answer to something used to say that you do not know exactly when something will happen, but you are sure that it will happen
We need a little slack in the schedule. Free time activities include dog sledding. In the cities, people do things in a slightly different way. I dont understand what youre saying. Please slow down. Make sure the camera moves smoothly. Photographers snapped the Princess everywhere she went. She started sobbing. the so-called 'Robin Hood tax' We installed solar panels in our house. We want to use more solar power. I came up with a brilliant solution. Would you say your work or home life involves solving lots of problems? Youll have to tell him sooner or later. Why not now?
Unit 07
Unit 14
sooner or later phrase
Unit 08
sorry
adjective phrasal verb noun adjective
B2
used to show sympathy or sadness for a person or I am sorry to say that we already have enough situation volunteers and we will not be needing any more. to deal satisfactorily or successfully with a problem, a situation, or a person who is having difficulties how something seems to be, from what is said or written very unfriendly or unpleasant If people havent sorted out their differences after two hours, then theyre not going to. I like the sound of this one. Their relationship suddenly turned sour.
Unit 08
sort out sound sour
B2 C2
Unit 13
Unit 03 Unit 06
space probe
noun
a small spacecraft, with no one travelling in it, sent into space to make measurements and send back information to scientists on Earth an unusual type of action in a film, or an entertainment on stage, created by using special equipment a group of plants or animals which share similar characteristics used to refer to a particular thing and not something general for a particular reason, purpose, etc a long, thin shape with a sharp point at one end
Space probes allow us to gather data about other planets. The new Harry Potter film includes some very frightening special effects. a rare species of bird To be more specific, the chocolate seals off the filling from the oxygen in the air It was a magazine specifically about languages. The spike extends above all the other buildings.
Unit 10
special effects species specific specifically spike spine spire spiritual split up spontaneous
noun noun adjective adverb noun noun noun adjective phrasal verb adjective B2 B1 B2 B2 C1
Unit 09
the narrow part of a book cover where the pages are joined together and which you can see when it The spines of the books were damaged. is on a shelf a tall, pointed tower on the top of a building such We gazed up at the church spire. as a church relating to deep feelings and beliefs, especially a spiritual leader religious beliefs If two people who have a romantic relationship split up, they finish their relationship. She has just split up with her boyfriend.
Unit 09
Unit 04 Unit 02
Unit 08
doing things suddenly and without planning them I tend to be quite spontaneous. I usually react to circumstances and tend to respond to things spontaneously. The smoke soon spread into all the rooms in the house. I usually act on the spur of the moment. She squeezed his hand and said goodbye. stair lights
spontaneously adverb spread spur squeeze stair verb noun verb noun B2 C2 B2 to increase, or move to cover a larger area or affect a larger number of people If you do something on the spur of the moment, you do it suddenly, without planning it. to press something firmly one of the steps in a set of steps
standard stare start off start out as startle state statue status steel steer step stick stormy story
noun verb phrasal verb phrasal verb verb verb noun noun noun verb noun verb adjective noun
B2 B2 B1 C1
a level of quality, especially a level that is acceptable to look at someone or something for a long time and not move your eyes to begin by doing something, or to make something begin by doing something to begin your life, or the part of your life when you work, in a particular way to suddenly surprise or frighten someone
Talk about an organisation which you feel has high standards. Sean was staring at me.
B2 B1 C1 B2 B2 B2
To start off, I'll just say a few words about the printing press itself. He started out as a poet but became a famous for his short stories. The sound startled me. Other sources state that he was following the to officially say or write something route of an earlier explorer. a model that looks like a person or animal, usually It's a bronze statue, erected in honour of Saigo made from stone or metal Takamori. the position that you have in relation to other people because of your job or social position a very strong metal made from iron, used for making knives, machines, etc to control the direction of a vehicle one of the things that you do to achieve something put (informal) If it is stormy, the weather is bad with a lot of wind and rain. an explanation of why something happened, which may not be true easy to do or understand the long, dried stems of plants such as wheat (=plant for grain), often given to animals for sleeping on and eating a good quality or ability that makes someone or something effective very attractive The pay and status of nurses has improved. the steel industry I tried to steer the boat away from the bank. The next step could be uploading a brain onto a computer, then programming it into an android. My idea is to stick another page here. a stormy night I'd like to present the other side of the story. The task looked fairly straightforward. a straw hat What would you say are your greatest strengths? The colours are very striking.
Unit 06
Unit 04 Unit 14
B2 A2 B2 C1 C1 B2
straightforward adjective straw strength striking noun noun adjective
Unit 04
Unit 14 Unit 05
strong strongly structure style submarine subsidise substance success such as suddenly suggest suggest suit sum sum up summarise summit sunlight super (the) supernatural
adjective adverb noun noun noun verb noun noun phrase adverb verb verb verb noun phrasal verb verb noun noun adjective noun
B1 B2 C2 B1
If a taste, smell, etc is strong, it is very noticeable. I love the strong colours very much or in a very serious way a building or something that has been built a way of designing hair, clothes, furniture, etc a boat that travels under water If a government or other organisation subsidises something, it pays part of the cost of it, so that prices are reduced. a solid, liquid, or gas something that has a good result or that is very popular for example quickly and unexpectedly to say that someone or something is suitable for something to make something seem likely to be true to make someone look more attractive an amount of money to describe briefly the important facts or characteristics of something or someone to describe briefly the main facts or ideas of something the top of a mountain Id strongly recommend it. the tallest structure in Paris Im not so sure about the style. They use a research submarine. We have a subsidised restaurant at work. a dangerous substance If the film is a big success, the director will get most of the credit. She performed in cities such as Damascus and Baghdad. Suddenly, he noticed that the garden was full of fantastic flowers. I suggest you take steps to ensure that such an incident doesnt happen again. Research suggests that people learn in different ways. It wouldnt suit our living room. a large/small sum of money The purpose of a conclusion is to sum up the main points of an essay. The purpose of this proposal is to summarise the reaction of the staff to your ideas. The climbers hope to reach the summit before nightfall. Sunlight broke through the clouds. super fast
B2 B1 A2 B1 B1 B2 B2 B1 B2 B2 C1 B2 B2
Unit 12
the light from the sun used to emphasise an adjective things that cannot be explained by our knowledge She's very interested in the supernatural. of science or nature
supervise supporter sure surface surgery surprised surprisingly suspect suspect swan swap sweep up (sth) switch switch off symbol sympathy symphony
verb noun adjective noun noun adjective adverb verb verb noun verb phrasal verb verb phrasal verb noun noun noun
B2 B1 A2 B2 B2 A2 B1 B2 B2 B2 C1 B2 B2 B1 B2 B2
to watch a person or activity and make certain that everything is done correctly, safely, etc someone who likes a particular sports team and wants them to win certain the top or outside part of something when a doctor cuts your body open and repairs or removes something feeling surprise because something has happened that you did not expect unexpectedly or in a way that is unusual
The director of photography supervises the camera and lighting crew. Im a lifelong supporter of Crystal Palace football club. I'm not so sure about the style. the Earth's surface Surgery should be considered as a last resort. Id be surprised if a prototype isnt available in about five years. Surprisingly, he managed on his own at first but nowadays he gets funding from the regional government. Although the woman committed a crime, she isn't suspected of murder.
Unit 09
Unit 03
to think that someone may have committed a crime or done something bad to think that someone may have committed a He was suspected of drug dealing. crime or done something bad a large, white bird with a long neck which lives on a swan's nest lakes and rivers I think we should swap Landscapes and to exchange one thing for another Weddings. to clear something away using a brush to exchange one thing for another We swept up the broken glass.
I think we should switch Landscapes and Weddings.
to turn off a light, television, etc by using a switch Do you ever switch off your phone? When? a sign or object that is used to represent something when you show that you understand and care about someone's problems a long piece of music for an orchestra (=large group of different musicians) A heart shape is the symbol of love. I have no sympathy for people who say they can't find work but are really just too lazy to look. They played Beethoven's fifth symphony.
Unit 05
Unit 11
symptom tackle take a look take action take legal advice take on take steps
noun verb phrase phrase verb phrase phrasal verb verb phrase phrasal verb noun noun adjective verb
B2 B2 B1 B2 B2 B2
a physical feeling or problem which shows that you have a particular illness to try to deal with a problem to look at something to do something to deal with a situation to arrange for a lawyer to tell you what the law states or how you should behave according to the law to accept a responsibility to do things to achieve something how much people start to use or accept a service, or sometimes a product, that has become available to them a story, especially one which is not true or is difficult to believe a natural ability to do something with talent; able or skilful
What exactly are your symptoms? Well, just a really painful sore throat. Do you prefer to concentrate on one problem at a time or tackle several at once? Now lets take a look at how you can get into the business. We must take action before the situation gets worse. They weren't sure about their rights so they decided to take legal advice. Ive recently taken on the role of their teacher. I strongly recommend you take steps to ensure that such an incident doesnt happen again. I took up sailing when I was living in Brazil. My grandfather used to tell us tales of his time as a pilot during the war. Do you know anyone who has natural talent in something? Do you know anyone who is talented at something? I cant really talk about it right now.
Unit 13
Unit 03
Unit 08
take up tale talent talented talk
B1 B2 B1 B1 A1 B2
Unit 11
talk something phrasal over verb tangle tap dance task verb verb noun
to say things to someone to discuss something with someone, often to find They talked it over and came up with a out their opinion or to get advice before making a compromise. decision to become twisted together The rope was tangled around my legs. to do a type of dance in which the rhythm is kept by the noise of the dancer's shoes on the floor
He started tap dancing around the office. The focus pullers main task is to focus the camera.
B2
a piece of work, especially something unpleasant or difficult
Unit 09
tattoo tax (the) taxman taxpayer technique telly tend to tendency tent terminate terribly terrific terror thankfully that kind of thing that way
verb noun noun noun noun noun phrasal verb noun noun verb adverb adjective noun adverb phrase phrase B1 B1 B2 C1 B1 C2 B1 C1 B2 C1 B1 B1
to put a design on someone's skin using ink and a He had an angel tattooed on his arm. needle money that you have to pay to the government from what you earn or when you buy things They're putting up the tax on cigarettes.
Unit 11
Unit 12
the government department that is responsible for Too much of what we earn goes to the taxman. collecting taxes a person who pays tax This is a waste of taxpayers' money. One of her techniques was to repeat a single line a particular or special way of doing something of a songs lyrics. television What's on the telly tonight? to generally behave in a particular way People tend to keep to themselves now.
something that someone often does, or something She has a tendency to talk for too long. that often happens a structure made of metal poles and cloth which is It only took twenty minutes to put the tent up fixed to the ground with ropes and used as a cover (=make it ready to use). or to sleep under If you terminate something, you make it end. very excellent a feeling of being very frightened used at the beginning of a sentence to show that you are pleased or grateful about something similar objects as a result of doing that the change from the year 1999 to 2000 in the Western calendar His contract has been terminated. She must be terribly happy about it. a terrific opportunity There was a look of terror on his face. Thankfully, the whole family was out and no one got hurt. Right. Well, I think we should have balloons and candles and that kind of thing. That way, shell be paying something back to society. Where did you celebrate the Millennium? Do you think the use of these things in teaching young children is a good idea? Thats not the whole picture.
Unit 12
the Millennium phrase the use of the whole picture phrase noun phrase A2
the act of using something a complete description of a situation, including every aspect of it
theme theme park therapist therefore thief thingummy thingy think about think ahead to think aloud think back to think for yourself think highly of think long and hard about think of think on your feet
noun noun noun adverb noun noun noun phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb verb phrase phrasal verb verb phrase phrasal verb idiom
B2
the subject of a book, film, speech, etc a park with entertainments, such as games, machines to ride on, restaurants, etc, that are all based on one idea someone whose job is to treat a particular type of mental or physical illness
The theme of loss runs through most of his novels. a Disney theme park a speech therapist The region has suffered severe flooding and tourists are therefore advised not to travel there. a car thief Wed need a thingummy - erm, a video camera. OK, and how about a thingy for her to wear? What do you think about your countrys football team?
Unit 04
Unit 08
Unit 11
B1 B1
for that reason someone who steals things used when you are talking about something whose name you cannot remember used to refer to something or someone when you cannot remember their name If you ask someone what they think about something or someone, you are asking for their opinion of them. to think about things that will happen in the future
A1 C2
Unit 01
B1
I know people who are always thinking ahead to their next holiday. I find that thinking aloud helps me to solve to automatically say what you are thinking problems. As I get older, I think back to my schooldays more to remember something that happened in the past and more. to make your own decisions and form your own opinions, without depending on other people The best school teachers encourage children to think for themselves. Where I live, people generally think highly of doctors but they dont think much of teachers.
Unit 01
C2
to consider someone to be important and have a lot of respect for them to consider something for a long time
Unit 01
B1
I thought long and hard about what shoes to wear today. Can you think of three reasons why you started to get an idea in your mind studying English? I really dont enjoy situations where I have to to make a quick decision or give an answer quickly think on my feet.
think straight think twice about thoroughly thought
verb phrase verb phrase C1 B2 B1
to think clearly to consider whether what you are planning to do will have good results very carefully an idea or opinion to discuss a plan or problem in detail until you reach an agreement or find a solution someone or something that is likely to cause harm or damage to be likely to cause harm or damage to something or someone very excited and pleased the back part of your mouth and the passages inside your neck during the whole of a period of time used after saying a fact to introduce what then happened as a result firm and difficult to move extremely small the American spelling of tyre; the rubber covering for a wheel used before saying your real opinion or feeling about something dried leaves that are inside cigarettes to make something less forceful B2 a piece of equipment that you use with your hands in order to help you do something a small, thin stick that you use to remove pieces of food from between your teeth extreme or complete someone who visits a place for pleasure and does not live there
adverb noun phrasal thrash (sth) out verb threat threaten thrilled throat throughout thus tight tiny tire to tell you the truth tobacco tone down tool toothpick total tourist noun verb adjective noun adverb adverb adjective adjective noun verb phrase noun phrasal verb noun noun adjective noun
I cant think straight if theres music on while Im trying to work. If I won a lot of money, Id think twice about telling my friends. Homeopathy has been tested thoroughly. What are your thoughts on the new design? We sat round the table and thrashed it out. a threat to the environment He threatened to take legal action against the newspaper. They were really thrilled with the restaurant I chose. a sore throat He yawned throughout the performance. The guard fell asleep, thus allowing Bates to escape. Make sure the knot is tight. a tiny baby One of my tires burst. To tell you the truth, I think owning your own business is quite stressful. pack of tobacco How about if we ask LogoForum to tone down the colours a little? I have a special tool for shaping the wood. He used the stick as a toothpick. It was a total waste of time. The Eiffel Tower quickly became a tourist attraction.
Unit 01 Unit 01 Unit 12 Unit 05 Unit 13 Unit 10 Unit 11 Unit 08 Unit 13 Unit 04 Unit 07 Unit 02 Unit 14 Unit 03 Unit 03 Unit 13 Unit 11 Unit 05 Unit 05 Unit 13 Unit 04
B2 B2 B2 B1 B2 B2 B2 B1 A2 B1 C1
B2 A2
tournament tower trade traditional traditionally training transferable translate transmit transpose tray treat treatment trend trial and error tricky
noun noun verb adjective adverb noun adjective verb verb verb noun verb noun noun phrase adjective
B1 B1 B2 B1 B2 B1
a competition with a series of games between many teams or players, with one winner at the end a very tall, narrow building, or part of a building to buy and sell goods or services, especially between countries following the customs or ways of behaving that have continued in a group of people or society for a long time according to tradition; in a traditional way the process of learning the skills you need to do a particular job or activity able to be used in different situations to change written or spoken words from one language to another to broadcast something, or to send out signals using radio, television, etc to use something in a different situation
a golf/tennis tournament a church tower This will increase costs for companies trading with Asia. Its well worth staying at a ryokan, a traditional inn. Traditionally, its a celebration for an entire community. Those who receive training have a better selfesteem. transferable skills We were asked to translate a list of sentences. The information is transmitted electronically to the central computer. I was able to transpose my skills to the new job. She came back carrying a tray of drinks. Do hospitals treat people immediately or are there waiting lists? Does your health insurance cover every kind of treatment?
Unit 01
Unit 04 Unit 08
Unit 04
B1 C1
B2 B2 B2 B1 C2 B2
a flat object with higher edges, used for carrying food and drinks to give medical care to someone for an illness or injury something which you do to try to cure an illness or injury, especially something suggested or done by a doctor a general development or change in a situation
Unit 12
tried and tested phrase trim noun
There's a trend towards more locally produced television programmes. a way of learning the best way to do something by I taught myself to paint, learning by trial and trying different methods error. difficult to deal with or do That would be tricky. used many times before and proved to be Its a tried and tested team-building activity for successful adults. when you cut something to make it tidy The hedge needs a trim.
triumph trouble truck trust try out something tub turn down turn off turn out turn over turn up turnout twist type typically ubiquitous under under
noun noun noun verb phrasal verb noun phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb noun verb verb adverb adjective preposition preposition
C1 B2 B1 B1 B2
an important success, achievement, or victory inconvenience or effort a large road vehicle for carrying goods from place to place to hope and expect that something is true
Barcelona's 2-0 triumph over Manchester United I had to go to the trouble of collecting it myself.
to use something to discover if it works or if you like it a large container that you fill with water and sit in I always sing in the tub. to wash to refuse an offer or request to move the switch on a machine, light, etc so that it stops working, or to stop the supply of water, electricity, etc to happen in a particular way, or to have a particular result to move an object or page so that a different side or surface is on the top to increase the level of sound or heat that a machine produces the number of people at an event, such as a meeting or election to turn part of your body to face a different direction to write something using a keyboard used for saying what usually happens seeming to be in all places
I trust that you will be able to restore my confidence in your hotel. If you can, try out a mountain onsen - theyre wonderfully refreshing.
B2 A2 B2 B1 B1
I had to turn down their dinner invitation. He turned off his alarm clock. Im glad things turned out the way they did. The press turns the paper over. Will you turn up the TV? I cant hear. They blamed the low turnout on the bad weather. She twisted her head so she could see what was happening. I need to type up my notes. Typically youll have at least three, four coffees a day. the ubiquitous security cameras Just under half of them buy their lunches from our shop. These virtual goods are goods under Dutch law, so this is theft.
Unit 11
C2 B1 B1
A2 B2
less than a number, amount, or age according to a rule, law, etc
understand unfortunately unheard of universal universe unless unmanned unobtrusive unspoiled untie unveil up up up to upcoming upload urge use something as use something for
verb adverb adjective adjective noun conjunction adjective adjective adjective verb verb adjective verb phrase adjective verb noun phrasal verb phrasal verb
A2 A2
B2 B1 B1
to know the meaning of something that someone says used to say that you wish something was not true or that something had not happened never having happened before relating to everyone in the world, or to everyone in a particular group everything that exists, including stars, space, etc except if describes a spacecraft, or a place where military guards work, that has no people present to operate or be in charge of it not attracting attention
As we understand it, the Board has three main suggestions. Unfortunately Dominic cant make it hes still at the office. Its unheard of to reply to a job offer by text. Kittens and puppies have an almost universal appeal. Many people believe that there is life elsewhere in the universe. Unless that happens, theyll just be afraid of losing customers to their rivals. an unmanned mission to the planet Mars Unobtrusive and low-key are synonyms. an island with clean, unspoiled beaches I untied my shoelaces and kicked off my shoes. The statue was unveiled at the very end of 1999. I was up all night writing an essay. The news of the take over upped the companys share price by 6%. Its up to the DP to make sure the team delivers what the director wants. the upcoming elections
C1 B2
An unspoiled place is beautiful because it has not been changed or damaged by people. to open a knot or something that has been tied with a knot to remove the cover from an object as part of an official ceremony not in bed to make something increase
B1
B1 C1 B1 C2 A1 A1
the responsibility of
An upcoming event will happen soon. to copy computer programs or information electronically, usually from a small computer to a I uploaded some of the images. larger one or to the Internet a strong wish or need I resisted a powerful urge to slap him. to put something to a particular purpose to put something to a particular purpose
You could cut it in half and use it as a cup. I suppose you could use them for packing fragile things.
use up utter vacancy
phrasal verb adjective noun
B2 C2 C1
to finish a supply of something used to emphasise something a job that is available for someone to do
Ive used up all the milk. Can you buy some more? She dismissed the article as utter nonsense. Tell me if you hear of any vacancies for secretaries.
vaccination
noun
C2
when someone is given a vaccine (= substance put All the children have received two vaccinations into the body through the skin with a needle) to against measles. stop them from getting a disease a substance that is given to people to stop them from getting a particular disease a vehicle that is used for carrying things but which is smaller than a truck to disappear suddenly consisting of many different things or types If things of the same type vary, they are different from each other. extremely big something such as a car or bus that takes people from one place to another, especially using roads someone's description of what has happened used to emphasize a noun someone who has suffered the effects of violence, illness, or bad luck a person belonging to a race of Scandinavian people who travelled by sea and attacked parts of northern and southern Europe between the 8th and the 11th centuries, often staying to live in places they travelled to using computer images and sounds that make you think an imagined situation is real a flu vaccine I borrowed my brother's van. The sun vanished behind the trees. a varied diet Sources vary on this question. a vast amount of money The driver of the vehicle was unhurt. In one version, he was blown off course by bad weather. What were you doing at the very beginning of last year? victims of crime
Unit 12
vaccine van vanish varied vary vast vehicle version very victim
noun noun verb adjective verb adjective noun noun adjective noun
C2 B1 B2 B2 B2 B2 B1 B2 C2 B2
Viking
noun
a Viking settlement
Unit 10
virtual
adjective
B2
Do you think people should be punished for virtual crimes?
Unit 06
virtual reality
noun
B2
when a computer produces images and sounds that make you feel an imagined situation is real in a way that uses computer images and sounds that make you think an imagined situation is real a good quality that someone has able to be seen
virtual reality games
Unit 06
virtually virtue visible visibly vision visualise vital vocation vocational training voluntary work voucher wander warm to warm to (sth) warrior
adverb noun adjective adverb noun verb adjective noun noun phrase noun phrase noun verb phrasal verb phrasal verb noun
B2 C2 B2 C2 B2
All these things can be experienced virtually. Patience is not among his virtues. Through a doorway, more soldiers are visible
B2 C2
in a way that can be seen He was visibly upset. an idea or image in your mind of what something a vision of a better society could be like in the future to create a picture in your mind of someone or I can't quite visualise what you mean. something Satellites are absolutely vital for doing ocean necessary research. a strong feeling that you are right for a particular type of work, or a job that gives you this feeling when people are taught the skills and knowledge that prepare them for jobs rather than for university studies work that people do because they want to do it and for which they are not paid a piece of paper that can be used instead of money to pay for goods and services He knew that teaching was his true vocation. Schools should focus on academic subjects rather than vocational training. I occasionally do voluntary work for a local charity. I have some vouchers to spend in the book shop. They wandered aimlessly around the town. Nobody liked it at first but people warmed to it after a while. People are beginning to warm to the idea. Greek warriors
Unit 03
Unit 03
B2
to walk slowly about a place without any purpose If you warm to an idea, you start to become interested in or enthusiastic about it. to start to like something
C1
a person who has experience and skill in fighting in a war, especially in the past
watchtower
noun
wave wavelength way way of (+ing) way to weak weed well worth
noun noun noun phrase phrase adjective noun phrase
B1 C2 A2 A2 A2 B2 C2 B1 B2
a tower built especially around the edges of prisons and army camps, the top of which There were watchtowers all around the prison. provides a good position from which to see anyone who is coming close a line of higher water that moves across the I could hear the waves crashing against the rocks. surface of the sea or a lake the length of radio wave used by a radio company What wavelength are they on? for broadcasting its programmes Your job is to collect information in the fastest how you do something way possible. a method for doing something a method for doing something difficult to see or hear a wild plant that you do not want to grow in your garden Whats the easiest way of giving up smoking? Whats the best way to travel around your country? The colours are a bit weak. Dandelions are common weeds.
Unit 04
If something is well worth doing, you should do it Its well worth staying at a ryokan, a traditional because it is very enjoyable or very useful. inn. good at planning things carefully and keeping things tidy having a large supply of things for use or sale A good manager has to be well-organised. Dont miss the well-stocked Hakuhinkan toy store in Tokyo. They hunt for whales. Can you bring your CDs by whats-her-name? The Brazilian guitarist? I can ask whats-his-name ...Kerrys cousin. What about a Mexican whatsit? They've introduced a system whereby people share cars.
Unit 04
well-organised adjective well-stocked whale whats-hername whats-hisname whatsit whereby adjective noun
Unit 01 Unit 04
B1
a very large animal that looks like a large fish, lives in the sea and breathes air through a hole at the top of its head used for referring to a woman or girl when you cannot remember or do not know her name used for referring to a man or boy when you cannot remember or do not know his name any object or person whose name you have temporarily forgotten or do not know
Unit 10
noun noun noun adverb C2
Unit 01
by which
widespread will willing win wingspan wish work work work as work experience work on
adjective noun adjective verb noun phrase verb noun phrasal verb noun phrasal verb
C1 B2 B1 A2
affecting or including a lot of places, people, etc
a widespread problem
Unit 02
the mental power to control your thoughts and have the will to succeed actions or to succeed in doing something difficult wanting to do something to get the most points in a competition or game, or the most votes in an election the distance between the ends of the wings of a bird, insect or aircraft to want a situation that is different from the one that exists If something works, it is effective and successful. a painting, book, piece of music, etc If you work as something, that is what you do as your job. a period of time in which a student temporarily works for an employer to get experience Wed be willing to come here again provided we can sort out this problem. The movie won an Oscar for Best Foreign Film in 1967. The eagle has an enormous wingspan. I wish Id thought about it more carefully. Homeopathy works for me. One of his most famous works is a story written in a single sentence. I work as a writer. Many firms understand that giving work experience to students will benefit everyone in the long term. What skills did you have to work on when you were younger? Stella worked her way up from shop assistant to regional manager.
Unit 01
B1 B1 B2 A1
Unit 03
B2
to spend time trying to improve something, especially a skill to succeed gradually in getting an important job by repeatedly changing your job for a more important one, having started your working life with little power or responsibility
Unit 03
work ones way verb phrase up phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb
Unit 09
work out work towards work with
B2
A1
to understand something or to find the answer to something by thinking about it to do things that will help you to achieve a particular thing to do things with another person or organization in order to achieve something
Wait there while I work out what to do. Write down a goal you are working towards at the moment. Her professor worked with the government to improve things.
workshop worldwide worth (+ ing) worthless Zen
noun adverb phrase adjective noun
C1 B2 B1 C1
when a group of people meet to learn more about something by discussing it and doing practical a workshop on crime prevention exercises in all parts of the world how important or useful someone or something is not important or useful a religion that developed from Buddhism 10 million copies have been sold worldwide. It might be worth speaking to the two workers privately. He made me feel stupid and worthless. a Zen rock garden
Unit 12
Upper Intermediate wordlist with English Profile level description

Wordlist
age group
Part of speech
noun A2 B1
Definition
people of a particular age many different things and everything related to the subject mentioned together with other similar things A2 B1 B1 together with other similar things and other things, which may or may not be similar or related and other things of a similar type and other similar things and other things of a similar type
Example
job training for people in the 16-24 age group There's sweets, toys and all sorts of things. Stellas bringing some Indian pop Bollywood music and all that . What about games and activities and so forth? The meals all planned the starters, meat dishes, vegetarian dishes and so on. Ill bring some salsa and meringue and stuff. By vegetarian dishes, do you mean salads and things? I think we should stick with balloons and what have you. OK, now what about snacks and whatnot.
Unit
all sorts of things phrase and all that and so forth and so on and stuff and things and what have you and whatnot phrase phrase phrase phrase phrase phrase phrase
Unit 01
assess badge
verb noun
B2 B2
balance base birth certificate broad build up check-out
noun noun noun adjective phrasal verb noun
B2 C2
to make a judgment about the quality, size, value, etc of something a piece of plastic, metal, etc with words or pictures on it that you wear on your clothes for decoration when the weight of someone or something is spread in such a way that they do not fall over the most important part of something, from which other things can develop an official document that records when and where a person was born
The tests are designed to assess a child's reading skills. She was wearing a badge on her jacket. He's good at sailing he must have a good sense of balance. a solid economic base
Unit 01
Unit 01
Unit 01
B1 C1 B1
You must provide a copy of your birth certificate. The magazine covers a broad range of including a wide range of things subjects. to increase or develop, or to make something Students should follow their interests earlier increase or develop to build up experience. the place in a large shop, especially a food shop, where you pay for your goods someone who is able to tell people about their ideas and emotions in a way that other people understand to agree to something that is not exactly what you want to direct your attention or efforts towards a particular activity or subject without changing or stopping completely certain about something a fixed point or level at which you stop including people or things to give someone else part of your work or some of your responsibilities a supermarket checkout Being an effective communicator is an important part of management. The ability to compromise is essential for the job. Do you prefer to concentrate on one problem at a time or tackle several at once? I've been training consistently for many years. I'm not really convinced. March 31 is the cut-off date for applications to be accepted. You have to be able to delegate if you want to succeed as a manager.
Unit 01
communicator compromise concentrate on consistently convinced cut-off delegate
noun verb phrasal verb adverb adjective noun verb
B1 B2 B1 C2 B2
Unit 01
Unit 01
Unit 01
C2
diplomat
noun
B2
effective elite
adjective adjective
B2
someone whose job is to live in another country and to keep a good relationship My father was a diplomat. between their government and that country's government successful or achieving the result that you Being an effective communicator is an want important part of management. belonging to the richest, most powerful, best elite athletes educated or most skilful group in a society
Unit 01
Unit 01
Unit 01
endurance
noun
C2
the ability to keep doing something difficult, You have to have plenty of endurance to unpleasant, or painful for a long time compete in a race. when you feel very interested in something People give up doing things when hey have and would very much like to be involved in it no enthusiasm for them. used at the end of a list to show that other things or people could also be added to it; often abbreviated as etc to look at someone or something very carefully, especially to try to discover something the ability to see in a way that is unskilful or ineffective an opinion from someone about something that you have done or made healthy, especially because you exercise regularly giving a lot of attention to one particular thing to understand something to be interested in an event or activity for example Yeah, salads of course but also vegetarian soup, pasta, curry et cetera. She picked up the knife and examined it closely. She has good eyesight. If you can draw, however feebly, it helps. It's important to get immediate feedback. You have to be physically fit and strong for sailing. You have to be very focused on the conditions around you. Do you follow me? Students should follow their interests. Many teenagers earn money, for instance by babysitting or cleaning cars.
Unit 01
enthusiasm
noun
B2
Unit 01
et cetera
phrase
Unit 01
examine eyesight feebly feedback fit focused follow follow for instance
verb noun adverb noun adjective adjective verb verb phrase
B2 B2 C2 B2 A2 B2 B1 C1 B1
genuine get ginger gist goal good good at good with guitarist hijack hook up with (sb) imagination immediate in particular intermediate internally junior justice lack
adjective verb noun noun noun adjective phrase phrase noun verb phrasal verb noun adjective phrase adjective adverb adjective noun verb
B2 A1
B1 A2 A1 A1 B1
If something is genuine, it is really what it seems to be. to obtain or buy something a pale brown root with a strong taste used as a spice in cooking the most important pieces of information about something, or general information without details something you want to do successfully in the future suitable or satisfactory able to do something well
a genuine gold necklace Could you get me some chocolate? ginger cake That was the gist of what he said. The process involves setting specific goals. It's a good size. Im good at helping people get on with each other.
Unit 01
able to deal with something or someone well Ive always been good with numbers. someone who plays the guitar, especially as their job to take control of an aircraft during a journey, especially using violence to get together with someone in order to do something the ability to create ideas or pictures in your mind happening or done without waiting or very soon after something else especially between the highest and lowest levels of knowledge or skill inside a person, object, organisation, place or country low or lower in rank behaviour or treatment that is fair and morally correct to not have something, or not have enough of something He was a guitarist in a rock band. The plane was hijacked by terrorists. Why don't you hook up with some mates to do it? A game designer has to have plenty of imagination. The government has promised to take immediate action. For Hilary in particular it was interesting. intermediate students This medicine should not be taken internally. a junior minister/senator She tried to bring about fairness and justice for all. She really lacks confidence.
B1 B2 B1 B1 C1 B2 B2 B2
league limitation listener logical majority make sense manage mental modest multi-task natural not think much of obvious overrated persuasive physically piata
noun noun noun adjective noun phrase verb adjective adjective verb adjective
B1 C1 C1 B2 B2 B2 B1 B2 C1
a group of teams which compete against each top/bottom of the league other in a sport a rule or situation that limits something space limitations someone who listens I'm a good listener. The logical thing is to return the tree to the using reason garden centre. The majority of people in this country own more than half of a group of people or things their houses. to have a meaning or reason that you can It makes a lot of sense. understand The director of photography manages the to be in control of an office, shop, team, etc camera and lighting crew. relating to the mind, or involving the process mental health/illness of thinking If you are modest, you do not talk in a proud He's very modest about his achievements. way about your skills or successes. to do several activities at the same time Most mothers are good at multi-tasking. Do you know anyone who has natural talent in something? Where I live, people generally think highly of doctors but they dont think much of teachers. It's a bit obvious.
Unit 01
Unit 01
B1
Something that is natural exists or happens because of nature, not because it was made or done by people. to not think someone or something is good or important
Unit 01
phrase adjective adjective adjective adverb noun C1 B2 B1
easy to understand or see
If something is overrated, it is considered to I think his work is overrated. be better or more important than it really is. able to make people agree to do something in a way that relates to the body I don't find it very persuasive. You have to be physically fit and strong for sailing.
Unit 01 Unit 01
a container that is filled with sweets or small presents and is hit with sticks until it breaks, We made a piata for Maria's party. used at celebrations
Unit 01
possess practice
verb noun
C1 A2
to have or own something when you repeat an activity to improve your ability
They simply dont possess the talent. Practice is important if you want to be good at something.
Unit 01 Unit 01
precious
adjective
B2
behaving in a very formal and unnatural way by giving too much attention to details that She's so precious about her art. are not important and trying too hard to be perfect. the study of the human mind and feelings an activity that you spend time doing, often when you are not working child psychology outdoor pursuits Its a very old building but weve decided to put in central heating. She's good at sport, she must have quick reflexes relevant information Scientists may have solved the riddle of Saturn's rings. The Grand Canyon is famous for its spectacular scenery. a legal scholar Do you have a lot of self-discipline? Those who receive training have a better self-esteem. be sensitive to people's feelings The process involves setting specific goals.
Unit 01
psychology pursuit put in reflex relevant riddle scenery scholar self-discipline self-esteem sensitive set simplistic
noun noun phrasal verb noun adjective noun noun noun noun noun adjective verb adjective
B2
Unit 01 Unit 01
A1
to fix a large piece of equipment or system into a room or building, ready to be used a physical reaction that you cannot control
Unit 01
B2
B1 C1 C2 C1 B2 B2
related or useful to what is happening or being talked about a situation or event that you cannot understand the attractive, natural things that you see in the countryside someone who has studied a subject and knows a lot about it the ability to make yourself do things that you do not want to do confidence in yourself and a belief in your qualities and abilities able to understand what people are feeling and deal with them in a way that does not upset them to establish or cause to exist
Unit 01
Unit 01 Unit 01
making something complicated seem simple It seems quite simplistic. by ignoring many of the details
sketch strong talent talented tendency
verb adjective noun adjective noun
C1 B1 B1 B1 C1 B1
to draw a rough picture If a taste, smell, etc is strong, it is very noticeable. a natural ability to do something with talent; able or skilful something that someone often does, or something that often happens similar objects a complete description of a situation, including every aspect of it
I sketched a map for him on a scrap of paper. I love the strong colours Do you know anyone who has natural talent in something? Do you know anyone who is talented at something? She has a tendency to talk for too long. Right. Well, I think we should have balloons and candles and that kind of thing. Thats not the whole picture. The region has suffered severe flooding and tourists are therefore advised not to travel there. Wed need a thingummy - erm, a video camera. OK, and how about a thingy for her to wear? What do you think about your countrys football team?
that kind of thing phrase the whole picture phrase therefore adverb
Unit 01
Unit 01
B1
for that reason used when you are talking about something whose name you cannot remember used to refer to something or someone when you cannot remember their name If you ask someone what they think about something or someone, you are asking for their opinion of them. to think about things that will happen in the future
Unit 01
thingummy thingy think about think ahead to think aloud think back to
noun noun phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb A1 C2
Unit 01
Unit 01
Unit 01
B1
think for yourself phrase
I know people who are always thinking ahead to their next holiday. I find that thinking aloud helps me to solve to automatically say what you are thinking problems. to remember something that happened in the As I get older, I think back to my schooldays past more and more. to make your own decisions and form your The best school teachers encourage children own opinions, without depending on other to think for themselves. people
Unit 01
think highly of think long and hard about think of think on your feet think straight
phrasal verb phrase phrasal verb idiom phrase
C2
B1
think twice about phrase tournament training transferable visualise well-organised noun noun adjective verb adjective
C1 B1 B1
B2
whats-her-name noun
Where I live, people generally think highly of doctors but they dont think much of teachers. I thought long and hard about what shoes to to consider something for a long time wear today. Can you think of three reasons why you to get an idea in your mind started studying English? to make a quick decision or give an answer I really dont enjoy situations where I have quickly to think on my feet. I cant think straight if theres music on to think clearly while Im trying to work. to consider whether what you are planning to If I won a lot of money, Id think twice about do will have good results telling my friends. a competition with a series of games between many teams or players, with one winner at a golf/tennis tournament the end the process of learning the skills you need to Those who receive training have a better do a particular job or activity self-esteem. able to be used in different situations transferable skills to create a picture in your mind of someone I can't quite visualise what you mean. or something good at planning things carefully and A good manager has to be well-organised. keeping things tidy used for referring to a woman or girl when Can you bring your CDs by whats-heryou cannot remember or do not know her name? The Brazilian guitarist? name to consider someone to be important and have a lot of respect for them used for referring to a man or boy when you cannot remember or do not know his name any object or person whose name you have temporarily forgotten or do not know I can ask whats-his-name ...Kerrys cousin.
Unit 01
Unit 01
Unit 01
whats-his-name noun
Unit 01
whatsit
noun
What about a Mexican whatsit?
Unit 01
will
noun
B2
the mental power to control your thoughts and actions or to succeed in doing something have the will to succeed difficult
Unit 01
accidentally alive apart from assume basic beauty bizarre bone bounce box branch briefly by that time calmly canopy carefully carelessly carriage
adverb adjective phrase verb adjective noun adjective noun verb noun noun adjective phrase adverb noun adverb adverb noun
B2 B1 B1 B2 B1 B1 B2 B1 B2 A1 B1 B1 A2 B2
by chance or by mistake living, not dead except for or in addition to to think that something is likely to be true, although you have no proof being the main or most important part of something the quality of being beautiful very strange and surprising one of the hard pieces that make the structure inside a human or animal to hit a surface and then move quickly away, or to make something do this a square or rectangular container one of several shops, offices, etc that are part of a company or organisation for a short time
I accidentally locked myself out of my flat. Are your grandparents still alive? Nobody knows about this apart from a few friends. Everything was quiet when I got home so I assumed that you had gone out. basic ideas/principles The whole area is famous for its natural beauty. bizarre behaviour She broke a bone in her foot. The ball bounced high into the air. a cardboard box a bank with branches all over the country
Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02
A2 B2 C1
We chatted briefly about the weather. By that time, wed been waiting more than at that moment two hours. Think of something you find difficult to in a relaxed way think about calmly. the main part of a parachute, made from The strings attached to the canopy got cloth tangled around my legs. Think of something you choose carefully with great attention when shopping. She threw her bag carelessly into the corner of the room. one of the separate parts of a train where the The front carriage of the train is for firstpassengers sit class passengers only. a book with a list of all the goods that you can buy from a shop, or of all the books, paintings, etc that you can find in a place a clothing catalogue
catalogue
noun
B2
Unit 02
ceremony choir circle cost deliberately dig dislocate due duke earth end up enthusiastically establish fear
noun noun verb verb adverb verb verb adjective noun noun phrasal verb adverb verb noun
B1 B2 B1 A2 B2 B1
a formal event that is performed on important social or religious occasions a group of people who sing together to draw a circle around something If something costs a particular amount of money, you have to pay that in order to buy or do it. intentionally, having planned to do something to break or move the ground with a tool, machine, etc
a wedding/marriage ceremony a school/church choir Circle the answer you think is correct. It cost me another twenty pounds. Rikyu had deliberately cut down all the flowers! Digging the garden is good exercise.
Unit 02 Unit 02
If you dislocate a part of your body, the I think you've dislocated your shoulder. bones move away from their correct position. B1 expected or planned a man of very high social rank in some parts of Europe soil or ground He was due to fly back this morning. the Duke of Beaufort
B2 B1 B2 B2 B1
a mound of earth My company moved to Alabama, so thats to finally be in a particular place or situation how I ended up living here. with great excitement, pleasure and interest to start a company or organisation that will continue for a long time a strong, unpleasant feeling that you get when you think that something bad, dangerous, or frightening might happen after a long time or some difficulty The audience cheered enthusiastically. The brewery was established in 1822. She was trembling with fear. Finally, when I realised that there was nothing more I could do, I thought, Right, Im dead.
Unit 02
finally flu for instance fracture
adverb noun phrase verb
A2 B1 B1
Unit 02
an illness like a very bad cold, that makes you I had the flu last week. feel hot and weak for example Jane, for instance, can drive. to break something hard such as a bone, or a She's fractured her ankle. piece of rock
furiously gardener generally speaking get by
adverb noun phrase phrasal verb verb adverb noun phrase noun noun verb noun adverb noun noun
B2 B2 B2
in a very angry way someone who works in a garden, growing plants and making it look attractive used to introduce a statement that is mainly or usually true
Have you ever reacted furiously to something on TV? We employ three gardeners. Generally speaking, I think people used to be more open and friendly.
Unit 02
Unit 02
Unit 02
to be able to live or deal with a situation with I don't know how he gets by on so little difficulty, usually by having just enough of money. something you need, such as money A1 B2 B1 to provide someone with something slowly over a period of time the surface of the Earth to often do something high places when someone comes to live in a different country to make something part of something else when something causes difficulty such as unexpected changes or effort extremely a sudden movement off the ground or off a high place A dream could give you the idea for a great work of art. Gradually he began to get better. I sat down on the ground. People have a tendency to learn languages in the big cities. I've always been scared of heights. immigration policy He included the story in his book on France. The Director apologised for any inconvenience caused. I remember feeling incredibly lonely. He won with a jump of 8.5 metres.
Unit 02
give gradually (the) ground have a tendency to heights immigration include inconvenience incredibly jump jungle
B2 A2 C1 B2 B2 B1
an area of land, usually in tropical countries, jungle animals where trees and plants grow close together to not take something with you when you go away from a place, either intentionally or by accident If a bank lends money, it gives money to someone who then pays the money back in small amounts over a period. If we leave it where it is, no onell see it.
Unit 02
leave
verb
A2
Unit 02
lend
verb
A2
Would you lend me fifty euros?'
Unit 02
malfunction master meanwhile
noun noun adverb C2 B1
a failure to work or operate correctly someone who does something very well
Shortly before the crash the pilot had reported a malfunction of the aircraft's navigation system. He was a master of disguise.
in the time between two things happening, or The mother is ill. The child, meanwhile, is while something else is happening living with foster parents. an underground system of holes and passages where people dig out coal or other minerals when someone does not understand something correctly when there is a mistake because things are confused a type of flower which opens in the morning He worked at the mine. How would you deal with a misunderstanding. There was a mix-up with the bags at the airport. We planted some morning glories. Next thing I knew, I was falling fast. Children learn by observing adults. We can offer a refund on the room rental. She's a very opinionated young woman. We have the option of hiring someone to do the cleaning. He taught me a lot about determination I owe him a lot. Her parachute failed to open. There's a passage to the side of the house, leading to the garden. a flower pot
mine
noun
B2 B2 B2
Unit 02
misunderstandin noun g mix-up morning glory next observe offer opinionated option owe parachute passage pot noun noun adjective verb verb adjective noun verb noun noun noun
A2 B2 B2
The next time, event, person, or thing is the one nearest to now or the one that follows the present one. to watch someone or something carefully to say that you will pay a particular amount of money being too certain that your strong opinions are correct a choice to have to pay money back to someone a large piece of cloth which is fixed to your body by strings and helps you to drop safely from an aircraft a long, narrow space that connects one place to another a round container, usually used for storing things or cooking
Unit 02
B1 B2 B2 B2 B1
Unit 02
Unit 02 Unit 02
princess promise pure reluctant
noun verb adjective adjective
B1 B1 B1 C1 A1 B1 A1
the daughter of a king or queen, or one of their close female relatives
He married a princess.
Unit 02
to say that you will certainly do something or He promised that hed have the corporate that something will certainly happen logo tattooed on his forearm. A pure substance is not mixed with anything pure gold else. Many victims of crime are reluctant to go to not wanting to do something the police. If you remember a fact or something from the past, you keep it in your mind, or bring it I remember feeling incredibly lonely. back into your mind. Police are continuing their search for the when you try to find someone or something missing girl. to cause something to go from one place to He sent me a text. another a small simple building that has been badly Their house is little more than a shack. built The sun was shining brightly through the to produce bright light window. If a picture, film, map, etc shows something, that thing can be seen in the picture, film, This painting shows an imaginary scene. etc. In the cities, people do things in a slightly a little different way. relating to deep feelings and beliefs, a spiritual leader especially religious beliefs to increase, or move to cover a larger area or The smoke soon spread into all the rooms in affect a larger number of people the house. Suddenly, he noticed that the garden was quickly and unexpectedly full of fantastic flowers. used to emphasise an adjective super fast to become twisted together The rope was tangled around my legs. to generally behave in a particular way firm and difficult to move People tend to keep to themselves now. Make sure the knot is tight.
Unit 02
Unit 02 Unit 02
remember (+ ing) verb search send shack shine show slightly spiritual spread suddenly super tangle tend to tight noun verb noun verb verb adverb adjective verb adverb adjective verb phrasal verb adjective
Unit 02
B1 B1 B2 B2 B2 B1
Unit 02
B2 B2
trouble truck typically untie voucher wave way widespread wish academic accompany apparently appeal apprenticeship ashamed assignment ball game
noun noun adverb verb noun noun noun adjective phrase adjective verb adverb verb noun adjective noun noun
B2 B1 B1 B2
inconvenience or effort a large road vehicle for carrying goods from place to place used for saying what usually happens to open a knot or something that has been tied with a knot a piece of paper that can be used instead of money to pay for goods and services
I had to go to the trouble of collecting it myself.
Unit 02 Unit 02
Typically youll have at least three, four coffees a day. I untied my shoelaces and kicked off my shoes. I have some vouchers to spend in the book shop. I could hear the waves crashing against the rocks. Your job is to collect information in the fastest way possible. a widespread problem I wish Id thought about it more carefully. Schools should focus on academic subjects rather than vocational training. The teachers' book is accompanied by a video cassette. Apparently, he goes to quite a good school. That doesnt really appeal to me. Employees whove done apprenticeships are better than those with paper qualifications. You've got nothing to be ashamed of. a written assignment He enjoyed tennis and other ball games.
Unit 02 Unit 02
Unit 02
B1 A2 C1 B1 B2 B1 B2 B2
a line of higher water that moves across the surface of the sea or a lake how you do something affecting or including a lot of places, people, etc to want a situation that is different from the one that exists related to education, schools, universities, etc to happen or exist at the same time as something else used to say that something seems to be true, although it is not certain to interest or attract someone when someone learns the skills needed to do a job by working for someone who already has skills and experience feeling guilty or embarrassed about something you have done a piece of work or job that you are given to do any game that is played with a ball
Unit 03
B1 C1
basically be someone's thing be used to something bell
adverb phrase phrase noun
B2
used to introduce a short explanation about something
Basically, the producer isnt very involved in the interview
Unit 03
If an activity or subject is someone's thing, This one isnt really my thing. they are very interested in it and like doing it. B1 B2 to be familiar with something, having experienced it many times an electrical object that makes a ringing sound when you press a switch Do you know anyone who is used to a lot of pressure in their daily life? Please ring the bell for attention.
Unit 03
Unit 03 Unit 03
between you and phrase me blend brake break off camper van campus carry on choice chore classic clear come into use noun noun phrasal verb noun noun phrasal verb noun noun adjective verb phrase B2 B1 B1 C1 B2 B1 C2 B1
an expression used to tell someone that what Between you and me I think his company's you are about to say should be kept secret in trouble. a combination of two or more things the part of a vehicle that makes it stop or go more slowly to separate from a larger piece Their music is a blend of jazz and African rhythms. I slammed my foot on the brake. One of the branches broke off.
Unit 03
a vehicle containing a bed, kitchen We went away in our camper van. equipment, etc that you can live in the land and buildings belonging to a college Distance learning isnt as effective as face to or university face or on-campus learning. Think of a subject you wish youd carried on to continue doing something studying for longer. Do patients have a choice between public the things or people you can choose from and private hospitals? a boring job that you must do household chores having a traditional style that is always classic dance moves fashionable to get rid of something He cleared all my doubts. to start to be used when you are willing to give your time and energy to something that you believe in What kinds of technology and equipment are are starting to come into use? We are looking for someone with talent, enthusiasm, and commitment.
commitment
noun
B2
Unit 03
coursework cover (verb) curriculum cut down (sth) deadline dedicated
noun verb noun phrasal verb noun adjective B1 B1 B2 B2 C1
work done by students as part of their course of study to include or deal with a subject or piece of information all the subjects taught in a school, college, etc or on an educational course If you cut down a tree or bush, you make it fall to the ground by cutting it near the bottom. a time by which something must be done believing that something is very important and giving a lot of time and energy to it when someone continues trying to do something, although it is very difficult the talking in a book, play, or film a very long piece of writing done as part of a course of study a degree for which you study at home rather than at a university, sending and receiving your work by email or post a way of studying, especially for a degree, where you study mostly at home, receiving and sending off work by post
Students grades should be based on coursework rather than final exams. The course covers a range of topics. the school curriculum We cut down the old apple tree. to meet/miss a deadline dedicated teaching staff Andy Murray will need great determination and skill to win this match. The dialogue is very clever. She's writing a dissertation on American poetry. I'm doing a distance degree.
Unit 03
Unit 03
Unit 03
determination dialogue dissertation distance degree
noun noun noun noun
B2 B2
Unit 03
distance learning noun
Distance learning isnt as effective as face-toface or on-campus learning. Children must learn to distinguish between right and wrong. the fashion district of New York
Unit 03
distinguish
verb
B2
to recognise the differences between two people, ideas, or things a part of a city or country, either an official area or one that is known for having a particular characteristic or business when money or goods are given to help a person or organisation
Unit 03
district
noun
B1
Unit 03
donation
noun
B2
Would you like to make a donation?
Unit 03
drop out of effort escape
phrasal verb noun noun B1 C1
to stop taking part in something before it has Have you ever dropped out of a course or finished competition? I put a lot of effort into organising the the energy that you need to do something party. when someone succeeds in getting out of a place or a dangerous or bad situation a series of classes for adults in a particular subject that happens in the evening There was an escape from the prison last night. Evening courses for adults should be partly financed by the government. extremely beautiful Distance learning isnt as effective as face-toface or on-campus learning. your fellow students The policeman gave him first aid before the ambulance arrived. Lessons focus on the classic moves of this entertaining and beautiful dance form. For me, its a choice between two or three. a fragile china cup Frankly, I think the tree should be cut down it's not safe.
Unit 03 Unit 03
Unit 03
evening course extremely face-to-face learning fellow
phrase adverb phrase B1 B2
adjective
B2
first aid
noun phrasal verb phrase adjective adverb phrase phrase verb B1 C2 B2 B1
very, or much more than usual learning which happens as a result of spending time with a teacher and talking with them describes someone who has the same job or interests as you, or is in the same situation as you basic medical treatment that you give someone who is ill or injured in an emergency to give a lot of attention to one particular subject used to introduce your opinion easily broken, damaged, or destroyed in an honest and direct way a course which someone does for the whole of a working week although it seems strange and surprising to get something useful or positive
Unit 03
Unit 03
focus on for me fragile frankly full-time course funnily enough gain
B2
Unit 03
Funnily enough, I was just thinking about you when you called. The country gained independence in 1948.
Unit 03 Unit 03
get used to something
phrase
B1
to become familiar with something or Do you know anyone who takes a long time someone, after experiencing it many times or to get used to new people? spending a lot of time with them to use something for the first time to find out if it is suitable or effective If you give up a habit such as smoking, or give up something unhealthy such as alcohol, you stop doing it or having it. to stop being used, having been replaced by something newer kind, friendly, or helpful feelings towards other people to make certain that something is true or will happen physically doing something and not only studying it or watching someone else do it Id like to give this one a try. I've decided to give up smoking completely. What kinds of technology and equipment have gone out of use? He gave them a thousand pounds as a gesture of goodwill. These dishes guarantee something to everyone's taste. hands-on experience Id be happy with either Cookery or Psychology. She was sent to the headteacher. Hopefully he won't go out of business. Like an idiot, I believed him. It caused a lot of controversy it made a big impression on people. Im in two minds about this one. What kinds of technology and equipment are in regular use nowadays? He was quite a positive influence on me. a profound sense of inner peace
Unit 03
give something a phrase try give up go out of use goodwill guarantee hands-on happy with headteacher hopefully idiot impression in two minds in use influence inner phrasal verb phrase noun verb adjective phrase noun adverb noun noun idiom phrase noun adjective
B2 B1
Unit 03
Unit 03
B2
Unit 03
A2 A2 B1 B2 B2 C1 A2 B2 B2
satisfied and pleased with the person in charge of a school used, often at the start of a sentence, to express what you would like to happen a stupid person or someone who is behaving in a stupid way an idea, feeling, or opinion about something or someone unable to decide about something used someone or something that has an effect on another person or thing Inner feelings, thoughts, etc are ones that you do not show or tell other people.
Unit 03
Unit 03
inner strength introduce someone to something keep up lecture (noun)
phrase
B2
a quality in someone's character that allows them to stay calm and succeed in difficult situations
He was one of those people who have a lot of inner strength.
Unit 03
phrase phrasal verb noun
B2
to help someone to experience something for This course introduces you to the skill of the first time creative writing. to continue without stopping or changing or to continue something without allowing it to stop or change a formal talk given to a group of people in order to teach them about a subject to suddenly become very angry to use something effectively, with good results to decide something It can be difficult to keep up your concentration. Seminars are a waste of time. Students learn much more from lectures. He doesn't often lose his temper. Do you think you made good use of your time at school or college? I cant make up my mind about it.
Unit 03
B1 B1 B2 B2 B1 B2
Unit 03
lose your temper phrase make good use of something make up one's mind medal phrase phrase noun
a metal disc given as a prize in a competition a bronze medal or given to someone who has been very brave an experienced person who gives help and advice to someone with less experience I had a great mentor in my first job.
Unit 03
mentor
noun
Unit 03
mixed feelings narrative
phrase noun phrasal verb phrase verb
B1 C2
If you have mixed feelings about something, you are pleased and not pleased at the same time. a story or description of a series of events to make a number or list of things smaller and clearer, by removing the things that are least important or suitable
Ive got mixed feelings about that one The class will focus on dialogue and narrative. Ive narrowed it down to these two.
Unit 03
Unit 03
narrow down no way nominate
C2 B1 C1
Unit 03
certainly not Theres no way Id just telephone. to officially suggest a person or their work for He was nominated for an award. a prize
Unit 03 Unit 03
not mind (+ ing) phrase obviously online learning patient personally plague postgraduate course prayer pride qualify remarkably role model schedule adverb phrase adjective adverb verb phrase noun noun verb adverb noun noun
B1 B1 A2 B1 B1 C2
If you wouldn't mind doing something, you are willing to do it. in a way that is easy to understand or see a way of learning that involves the use of computers and the Internet having patience
I wouldnt mind doing a course in First Aid. Obviously, they had a lucky escape.
Is the use of online learning in teaching small children a good idea? Ive never met anybody so patient. Personally, I think its amazing that used when you are going to give your opinion someone so young could do that. to annoy someone, especially by asking We plagued him with questions. repeated questions. a course of study that a person does after they have received their first degree These days you need to do postgraduate courses to get a good job. Shall we say a prayer for him?
B1 B2 B2 C1 C1 B2
the words you say to a god
a feeling of satisfaction at your achievements She felt a great sense of pride as she or the achievements of your family or friends watched him accept the award. to pass exams so that you are able to do a job He's recently qualified as a doctor. in a way that makes you feel surprised someone you try to behave like because you admire them a plan that gives events or activities and the times that they will happen or be done He works remarkably long hours. Jane is such a good role model for her younger sister. I have a very busy schedule today.
Unit 03
seminar seriously sign up sound
noun adverb phrasal verb noun
B2 B1 B1 C2
a meeting of a group of people with a teacher Seminars are a waste of time. Students or expert for training, discussion, or study of learn much more from lectures. a subject Our students take their responsibilities very in a serious way seriously. If you had more time, what course would to arrange to do an organized activity you sign up for? how something seems to be, from what is I like the sound of this one. said or written
Unit 03
squeeze surprisingly take on thankfully
verb adverb phrasal verb adverb
B2 B1 B2 C1
to press something firmly unexpectedly or in a way that is unusual to accept a responsibility used at the beginning of a sentence to show that you are pleased or grateful about something the act of using something the American spelling of tyre; the rubber covering for a wheel used before saying your real opinion or feeling about something
She squeezed his hand and said goodbye. Surprisingly, he managed on his own at first but nowadays he gets funding from the regional government. Ive recently taken on the role of their teacher. Thankfully, the whole family was out and no one got hurt. Do you think the use of these things in teaching young children is a good idea? One of my tires burst. To tell you the truth, I think owning your own business is quite stressful.
Unit 03
Unit 03
Unit 03
Unit 03
the use of tire to tell you the truth unfortunately use something as use something for van varied vocation vocational training
phrase noun phrase adverb phrasal verb phrasal verb noun adjective noun
A2 A2 B1 A2 A1 A1 B1 B2 C2
Unit 03
Unit 03 Unit 03
used to say that you wish something was not Unfortunately Dominic cant make it hes true or that something had not happened still at the office. to put something to a particular purpose to put something to a particular purpose a vehicle that is used for carrying things but which is smaller than a truck consisting of many different things or types a strong feeling that you are right for a particular type of work, or a job that gives you this feeling when people are taught the skills and knowledge that prepare them for jobs rather than for university studies You could cut it in half and use it as a cup. I suppose you could use them for packing fragile things. I borrowed my brother's van. a varied diet He knew that teaching was his true vocation. Schools should focus on academic subjects rather than vocational training.
Unit 03
Unit 03
phrase
Unit 03
work experience noun work on work towards a lot of abstract actress adapt advisable ambassador amuse ancient adjective noun verb adjective noun verb adjective B2 B2 B1 phrasal verb phrasal verb B2
a period of time in which a student temporarily works for an employer to get experience to spend time trying to improve something, especially a skill to do things that will help you to achieve a particular thing a large amount of
A1 B2 A2 B2
Many firms understand that giving work experience to students will benefit everyone in the long term. What skills did you have to work on when you were younger? Write down a goal you are working towards at the moment. Theres a lot of laughing, shouting and screaming and crying as well.
Unit 03
Abstract art involves shapes and colours and Well, its a kind of abstract sculpture, not images of real things or people. maybe a monument. a woman whose job is to perform in plays and films to change a book or play so that it can be made into a film or television programme If something is advisable, it will avoid problems if you do it. His mother was an actress. Both novels have been adapted for television. Its advisable to get tickets for one act only.
Unit 04
Unit 04
Unit 04
Unit 04
the main official sent by the government of a the French ambassador to Britain country to represent it in another country to make someone smile or laugh very old Was the structure built just to amuse people? It's a historic town with some very impressive ancient buildings and statues.
Unit 04
Unit 04
Unit 04
angel anywhere appear in (sth) appoint
noun adverb phrasal verb verb
B1 A2 B1 C1
a spiritual creature like a human with wings, who some people believe lives with God in a statue of an angel heaven It can be anywhere between two hundred in or to any place and four hundred people. to perform in a film, play, etc. to officially choose someone for a job She appeared in his latest movie. He was appointed as company director last year.
Unit 04
arch artificial as far as attraction audio tour avenue baffle bark be sure to bleak blow up bonfire bratty breakthrough (noun) bronze Buddha
noun adjective phrase noun noun noun verb noun phrase adjective phrasal verb noun adjective noun adjective noun
C2 B2 B2 B1
a curved structure that usually supports something, for example a bridge or wall not natural, but made by people
You enter the palace through a grand marble arch.
an artificial flower/lake As far as I can remember it was the fifteenth as much as century. something that makes people come to a place The Eiffel Tower quickly became a tourist or want to do a particular thing attraction. recorded information about a place such as a You can rent audio tours here. museum that you can listen to as you visit it
Unit 04
C1
a wide road in a town or city, often with trees along it If something baffles you, you cannot understand it at all. the hard substance that covers the surface of a tree to be certain to
a tree-lined avenue The police were baffled by his disappearance. These trees have very thick bark. Be sure to go to the Kabuki Theatre when you're in Tokyo. a bleak landscape They threatened to blow up the plane. We put the old chair on the bonfire. your bratty friends He had his first breakthrough with a collection of short stories at the age of 49. a bronze statue
C2 B1
If a place is bleak, it is cold, empty and not attractive. to destroy something or kill someone with a bomb a large fire outside, often used for burning waste behaving in an unpleasant, childish way an important discovery or development that helps solve a problem made of bronze (= a shiny orange-brown metal)
B2 C2
Unit 04
a model of the Indian holy man on whose life There was a Buddha in the corner of the and teachings Buddhism is based room.
Unit 04
celebrate charming check out commemorate consist of (sth) conspirator construct construction controversial controversy cover criticise
verb adjective phrasal verb verb phrasal verb noun verb noun adjective noun verb verb
B1 B1 C1 C2 B1
to take part in special enjoyable activities in order to show that a particular occasion is important pleasant or attractive to go to a place in order to see what it is like to do something to show you remember an important person or event in the past with respect to be made of or formed from something someone who secretly plans with other people to do something bad or illegal to build something from several parts something large that is built causing a lot of disagreement or argument a lot of disagreement and argument about something to form a layer on the surface of something to say that something or someone is bad a shape with a long vertical line with a shorter horizontal line across it or an object with this shape when someone performs or presents something to the public for the first time a period of ten years to be the largest, most important, or most noticeable part of something the amount of time that something lasts
The monument is in the shape of a spire and was erected to celebrate the Millennium. A row of charming little shops. Check out the food floors in department stores. Statues often commemorate a past event. The concert will consist ofa series of songs. All the conspirators were caught. The building was constructed in 1930. This steel construction is 20m tall. a controversial decision/issue The sculpture caused a lot of controversy at first. Snow covered the trees. It was heavily criticised at first but people are beginning to warm to it now. The cloth was decorated with crosses.
Unit 04
B2 B2 B2 C1 B1 B2
Unit 04
cross
noun
A1
Unit 04
debut decade dominate duration
noun noun verb noun
C1 B2 C1 C1
She made her debut as a pianist in 1975. I did not meet him again for more than a decade. The cathedral dominates the skyline. The singer remained in the hotel for the duration of his stay in the UK.
Unit 04
emperor emphasis enormous entertainer entire erect essentially euphoric extend extraordinary extravagant eyesore famous fascinating firework forbidden funeral go on
noun noun adjective noun adjective verb adverb adjective verb adjective adjective noun adjective adjective noun adjective noun phrasal verb
C1 B2 B1 B2 B2
the male ruler of an empire (=group of countries ruled by one person or government) the extra force that you give to a word or part of a word when you are saying it extremely large someone whose job is to entertain people by singing, telling jokes, etc whole or complete to build or put up a structure
Emperor Charlemagne The emphasis is on the final syllable. You go through an enormous red gate. She is a children's entertainer. She spent her entire life caring for other people. The monument was erected to celebrate the Millennium. What he is saying is essentially true. a euphoric mood The spire extends above all the other buildings. an extraordinary tale of courage the extravagant lifestyle of a movie star
Unit 04
B2
C2 B1 C2
used when you are emphasising the basic facts about something extremely happy and excited to stretch over a particular object or area of land very special, unusual, or strange costing a lot
a building, area, etc that looks ugly compared Some people loved the new monument, to the things that are around it others called it an eyesore. A1 B2 B1 B1 B2 B1 known or recognized by many people extremely interesting a small object that explodes to produce a loud noise and bright colours and is often used to celebrate special events not allowed, especially by law a ceremony for burying or burning the body of a dead person to last for a particular period of time She was probably the most famous singer of the Arab World. The shops are fascinating. a firework display Smoking is forbidden. The funeral will be held next Friday. This went on for some years until they finally complained to the police.
Unit 04
graduate grow heaven heavily
verb verb noun adverb
B2 B2 B2 B1
to complete your education successfully at a university, college, or, in the US, at school to start to do something gradually
He graduated from Cambridge University in 2006. People didn't like it at first but grew to love it.
Unit 04
Unit 04 Unit 04
according to some religions, the place where They think they will go to heaven. good people go when they die a lot or to a great degree It was heavily criticised at first but people are beginning to warm to it now.
Unit 04
historic hot spring imaginative impressive in addition in honour of inn intend jammed knot landmark landscape
adjective noun adjective adjective noun phrase noun verb adjective noun noun noun
B1
important in history or likely to be important It's a historic town with some very in history impressive ancient buildings and statues. a place where natural hot water comes up out We bathed in a hot spring. of the ground Something which is imaginative is new or an imaginative use of colour clever and often unusual. Someone or something that is impressive makes you admire and respect them. as well in order to celebrate or show respect for someone or something a small hotel in the countryside to have as a plan or purpose full of people a place where pieces of string, rope, etc have been tied together a building that you can easily recognize, especially one that helps you to know where you are the appearance of an area of land, especially in the countryside It's a historic town with some very impressive ancient buildings and statues. In addition to his flat in London, he has a villa in Italy. It's a bronze statue, erected in honour of Saigo Takamori. They stayed at an inn. The vase was intended to be a gift. Its a busy area, jammed with people. I untied the knots. The Statue of Liberty is one of the world's most famous landmarks. It looked odd at first but now people just see it as part of the landscape.
Unit 04
Unit 04 Unit 04
C1 B2 B1 B2 B1 C2 C2 C1 B1
Unit 04
Unit 04
Unit 04
look forward to (+_ing) lyrics make of make someone think make sure miss modern monument nail novelist nowadays old days open palm tree pavilion peculiar poet
phrasal verb noun phrasal verb phrase phrase noun adjective noun noun noun adverb phrase adjective noun noun adjective noun
B2 B2 C2 B1 A2 A2 A2 B2 B2 B2 B1
used at the end of a formal letter to show that you hope to hear from someone soon the words of a song to understand or think about someone or something in a particular way to cause someone to have doubts about something or to consider something very seriously to take action so that you are certain that something happens, is true, etc to not do an activity using the newest ideas, design, technology, etc and not traditional a statue or building that is built to honour a special person or event a thin piece of metal with a sharp end, used to join pieces of wood together a person who writes novels at the present time, especially when compared to the past a period in the past
We look forward to discussing them further at a time of your convenience. The song has beautiful lyrics. People didnt know what to make of the tower at first.
Unit 04
Make sure you see the Great Buddha while you're there. Dont miss the well-stocked Hakuhinkan toy store in Tokyo. modern art/architecture The monument is in the shape of a spire and was erected to celebrate the Millennium. a three-inch nail He is a children's novelist. Nowadays people celebrate Bonfire Night together. In the old days, people used to celebrate Bonfire Night in their back gardens. The Eiffel Tower opened to the public in May 1889. We sat under the palm trees.
Unit 04
Unit 04
A2 C1
not closed or fastened a tall tree with long leaves at the top which grows in hot countries
Unit 04 Unit 04
a large tent that is used for outside events or We visited the pavilion. a decorative building in this shape B2 B1 strange, often in an unpleasant way someone who writes poems The wine had a peculiar, musty smell. He was a French poet.
public put up real
noun phrasal verb adjective
B1 B2 B2
all ordinary people to stay somewhere for the night important, proper
The Eiffel Tower opened to the public in May 1889. The hotel was full so I asked Abbas to put me up for a few days. She had her first real success when she began performing at the Arabic Theatre Palace.
Unit 04 Unit 04
Unit 04
realistic receive recommend recover refreshing regard something as something restore right in saying rightly say sculpture section shrine
adjective verb verb verb adjective phrase verb phrase adverb verb noun noun noun
B1 C1 B1 B1 C1 B2 B2
showing things and people as they really are, That statue is very realistic. or making them seem to be real to react to a suggestion or piece of work in a particular way to advise someone that something should be done to become healthy or happy again after an illness, injury, or period of sadness making you feel less hot or tired to consider something in a particular way to repair something old correct in your opinion or explanation The monument was badly received when it was first built. Id strongly recommend it. It takes a long time to recover from surgery. If you can, try out a mountain onsen theyre wonderfully refreshing. Today, the Tower is widely regarded as a striking piece of structural art. to restore antiques I think Im right in saying that you can rent an audio tour. If I remember rightly, its a two or three hours by bus. I'd rather not say. Its a huge sculpture in the shape of an angel. a non-smoking section in a restaurant They prayed at the shrine.
Unit 04
B2 B1 B1 B1
in a correct way to tell someone about a fact, thought, or opinion a piece of art that is made from stone, wood, clay, etc one of the parts that something is divided into a place where people go to pray because it is connected with a holy person or event
Unit 04
signify sitcom skyline spike spire start out as statue steel straw structure success summit (the) taxman technique the Millennium theme
verb noun noun noun noun phrasal verb noun noun noun noun noun noun noun noun phrase noun B2 B1 C1 B1 B2 C1 C2 B1 C1
to be a sign of something a funny television programme that is about the same group of people every week in different situations the pattern that is made against the sky by tall buildings a long, thin shape with a sharp point at one end a tall, pointed tower on the top of a building such as a church to begin your life, or the part of your life when you work, in a particular way a model that looks like a person or animal, usually made from stone or metal
The sculpture signifies that you have arrived somewhere. He starred in several sitcoms. the New York skyline The spike extends above all the other buildings. We gazed up at the church spire. He started out as a poet but became a famous for his short stories. It's a bronze statue, erected in honour of Saigo Takamori.
Unit 04
Unit 04
Unit 04
a very strong metal made from iron, used for the steel industry making knives, machines, etc the long, dried stems of plants such as wheat (=plant for grain), often given to animals for a straw hat sleeping on and eating a building or something that has been built something that has a good result or that is very popular the top of a mountain the tallest structure in Paris If the film is a big success, the director will get most of the credit. The climbers hope to reach the summit before nightfall. Too much of what we earn goes to the taxman. One of her techniques was to repeat a single line of a songs lyrics.
Unit 04
Unit 04
the government department that is responsible for collecting taxes a particular or special way of doing something the change from the year 1999 to 2000 in the Where did you celebrate the Millennium? Western calendar The theme of loss runs through most of his the subject of a book, film, speech, etc novels.
throughout tourist tower
adverb noun noun
B2 A2 B1
during the whole of a period of time someone who visits a place for pleasure and does not live there a very tall, narrow building, or part of a building following the customs or ways of behaving that have continued in a group of people or society for a long time according to tradition; in a traditional way
He yawned throughout the performance. The Eiffel Tower quickly became a tourist attraction. a church tower Its well worth staying at a ryokan, a traditional inn.
traditional
adjective
B1
Unit 04
traditionally translate tray try out something turn out universal unveil very warm to warm to (sth) warrior
adverb verb noun phrasal verb phrasal verb adjective verb adjective phrasal verb phrasal verb noun
B2 B1 B2 B2 B2 B2
C2
Traditionally, its a celebration for an entire community. to change written or spoken words from one We were asked to translate a list of language to another sentences. a flat object with higher edges, used for She came back carrying a tray of drinks. carrying food and drinks to use something to discover if it works or if If you can, try out a mountain onsen you like it theyre wonderfully refreshing. to happen in a particular way, or to have a Im glad things turned out the way they did. particular result relating to everyone in the world, or to Kittens and puppies have an almost everyone in a particular group universal appeal. to remove the cover from an object as part of The statue was unveiled at the very end of an official ceremony 1999. What were you doing at the very beginning used to emphasize a noun of last year? If you warm to an idea, you start to become interested in or enthusiastic about it. to start to like something Nobody liked it at first but people warmed to it after a while. People are beginning to warm to the idea. Greek warriors
Unit 04
Unit 04
C1
a person who has experience and skill in fighting in a war, especially in the past
Unit 04
watchtower
noun
a tower built especially around the edges of prisons and army camps, the top of which provides a good position from which to see anyone who is coming close B1
There were watchtowers all around the prison.
Unit 04
well worth well-stocked win wingspan work Zen
phrase adjective verb noun noun noun
If something is well worth doing, you should Its well worth staying at a ryokan, a do it because it is very enjoyable or very traditional inn. useful. Dont miss the well-stocked Hakuhinkan toy having a large supply of things for use or sale store in Tokyo. to get the most points in a competition or game, or the most votes in an election The movie won an Oscar for Best Foreign Film in 1967.
Unit 04
Unit 04
A2
Unit 04
B2
the distance between the ends of the wings of The eagle has an enormous wingspan. a bird, insect or aircraft One of his most famous works is a story a painting, book, piece of music, etc written in a single sentence. a religion that developed from Buddhism as though you are thinking about something else a slight change that you make to something so that it works better, fits better, or is more suitable relating to beauty and the way something looks to have the same opinion as someone used to do many different things the feeling of being very worried to seem to because beautiful or pleasant to look at a Zen rock garden He was playing absent-mindedly with his pen. We've made a few adjustments to the schedule. the aesthetic appeal of cats Are we all agreed on that? an all-purpose tool That explains his anxiety about her health. The gentleman standing at the table appears to be opening the family jewel-box. If I were you, Id go for the second as it offers value for money. an attractive woman
absent-mindedly adverb adjustment aesthetic agree all-purpose anxiety appear to as attractive noun adjective verb adjective noun phrasal verb conjunctio n adjective A2 B2 B1 A2 A2 B2
Unit 05
Unit 05
Unit 05 Unit 05
aware blond bright bureaucratic case change (verb) cheerful chest civil war clothing consequence consequent consistent disagree disastrous doorway durable dynamic elder
adjective adjective adjective adjective noun verb adjective noun noun noun noun adjective adjective verb adjective noun adjective adjective adjective
B2 A2 B1 C2 B1 A1 B2 C2
interested in and knowing a lot about a particular subject with pale yellow hair full of light or shining strongly involving long and difficult dealings with officials a particular situation or example of something to stop having or using one thing, and start having or using another bright and pleasant to look at a strong, usually wooden, container with a lid, used for keeping things in a war between groups of people who live in the same country clothes, especially of a particular type the result of an action or situation, especially a bad result happening as a result of something
As you're aware, Im putting together the agenda for Mondays meeting. blond hair It's nice and bright. I had a lot of bureaucratic hassle trying to get the information I needed. But even if thats the case, I still don't think it's right. I did ask about changing the date, but half the sales team are on a training course. It's nice and cheerful. a treasure chest He was killed in the civil war. outdoor/protective clothing The ship capsized, with disastrous consequences. the closure of the factory and the consequent loss of 400 jobs consistent effort/improvement In response to RealGuys comments that virtual worlds are a waste of time, I couldnt disagree more. disastrous consequences She waited in the doorway while I ran back inside. If something is long-lasting, it is durable. I dont think they look dynamic enough for our business.
B2 B2
C2 B1 C1 C2
always behaving or happening in a similar, usually positive, way to have a different opinion from someone else about something extremely bad an entrance to a building or room through a door remaining in good condition for a long time
B2 B1
full of ideas, energy, and enthusiasm
Your elder sister or brother is older than you. I look like my elder brother.
elegant eliminate emphasise environment execute favour fiddle with (sth)
adjective verb verb noun verb noun phrasal verb adjective noun adverb noun noun noun adjective phrasal verb phrasal verb adjective
B2 C1 B2 B1 C2 B2
stylish or attractive in appearance or behaviour to remove something from something, or get rid of something to show that something is especially important or needs special attention the air, land, and water where people, animals, and plants live to kill someone as a legal punishment when people like something or someone to touch or move things with your fingers because you are nervous or bored looking too bright, big, and expensive, in a way that is intended to get attention the area of a view or picture which seems closest to you for all time in the future a structure that goes around the edge of something such as a door, picture, window, or mirror someone or something that you like very much and think is very special
Id say the colours are low-key and, well, quite elegant. Lets eliminate this one. This further emphasises the familys helplessness. Most people are concerned about the environment. He was executed for murder. So, were all in favour of it. Stop fiddling with your hair!
Unit 05
flashy foreground forever frame gem gentleman giant go along with go with something green
flashy gold jewellery There's a seated figure in the foreground of the painting. I'll love you forever. a picture frame She's an absolute gem.
Unit 05
B1 B1
Unit 05
B2 B1
a polite word for 'man', used especially when There's a gentleman here to see you. talking to or about a man you do not know extremely big, or much bigger than other similar things to agree with someone's opinion to choose to accept a particular thing a giant spider Id go along with you there. Were going with this one. a green activist/campaigner
Unit 05
B2
relating to nature and protecting the environment
have in mind highlight honest imaginary imagine imply in favour innovative inspire joke like long-lasting low-key
phrase verb adjective adjective verb verb phrase adjective verb verb preposition adjective adjective B1 B2 B1 C2 C2 B2 B1 C1 B1 C2 B2 C1 B2 B1 A2 C2
to be considering something, intending to do What exactly did you have in mind? something to emphasize something or make people His blonde hair and blue suit highlight his notice something innocence. If you want my honest opinion, I think your sincere and telling the truth hair looks awful. The story takes place in an imaginary not real but imagined in your mind world. to create an idea or picture of something in I can imagine it in the kitchen. your mind to suggest or show something, without saying This implies that he has some sympathy for it directly their situation. If you are in favour of a plan or an idea, you Most people are in favour of reducing traffic agree with it or approve of it. in cities. an innovative approach to programme using new methods or ideas making to make someone feel that they want to do A drama teacher at school had inspired something and can do it Sam to become an actor. to say funny things, or not be serious Are you joking? similar to or in the same way as someone or Nowadays the mine at Wieliczka is like a something huge underground city. continuing for a long period of time not attracting attention to cause something to seem a particular way to produce something, usually in large numbers in a factory to briefly speak or write about something or someone extremely small new or different from anything else no longer included If something is long-lasting, it is durable. Id say the colours are low-key and, well, quite elegant. Itd make the room feel a lot bigger . Local industries manufacture plastic products, boats, and clothing. Earlier I mentioned how folding machine folds the paper. a miniature camera a novel idea/approach These two are out.
make something phrase feel (+ adj) manufacture mention miniature novel out verb verb adjective adjective adverb
Unit 05
paperclip perfectly point poker portray renowned resistance right see seem shade size sob straightforward striking style such as suggest suit sunlight sure
noun adverb noun noun verb adjective noun adjective verb verb noun noun verb adjective adjective noun phrase verb verb noun adjective C2 C2 C2 A1 B2 B1 B2 A2 B2 B2 B2 B1 A2 B1 B2 B2 A2 B2 B2
a small piece of metal used to hold several pieces of paper together used to emphasise the word that follows
I fastened the sheets with a paperclip. To be perfectly honest, I don't really care.
an opinion, idea, or fact which someone says I take your point but I have to disagree with or writes you there. a game played with cards in which people try They played poker all evening. to win money from each other If a book or film portrays someone or something, it describes or shows them. famous when someone fights against someone who is attacking them correct or true to imagine or think about something or someone in a particular way to give the effect of being; to be judged to be a colour, especially when referring to how dark or light it is how big or small something is to cry in a noisy way easy to do or understand very attractive a way of designing hair, clothes, furniture, etc for example Yeames portrays the Parliamentarian soldiers with some sensitivity. The Lake District is renowned for its beauty. a symbol of national resistance Maybe youre right about that. I can see the Sahara turning into a vast solar power station. The guard with the sobbing young girl seems to be comforting her. a pale/dark shade of grey It's a good size. She started sobbing. The task looked fairly straightforward. The colours are very striking. Im not so sure about the style.
Unit 05
She performed in cities such as Damascus and Baghdad. to say that someone or something is suitable I suggest you take steps to ensure that such for something an incident doesnt happen again. to make someone look more attractive It wouldnt suit our living room. the light from the sun Sunlight broke through the clouds. certain I'm not so sure about the style.
symbol sympathy thought tool
noun noun noun noun
B2 B2 B1 B2
a sign or object that is used to represent something
A heart shape is the symbol of love.
Unit 05
I have no sympathy for people who say they when you show that you understand and care can't find work but are really just too lazy about someone's problems to look. an idea or opinion a piece of equipment that you use with your hands in order to help you do something a small, thin stick that you use to remove pieces of food from between your teeth What are your thoughts on the new design? I have a special tool for shaping the wood.
Unit 05
Unit 05
Unit 05
toothpick triumph ubiquitous unobtrusive utter virtue visible weak work abruptly accuse accuse admit advertising
noun noun adjective adjective adjective noun adjective adjective verb adverb verb verb verb noun C2 C2 B2 B2 B1 C2 B2 B2 B1 B2 C1
He used the stick as a toothpick. Barcelona's 2-0 triumph over Manchester United the ubiquitous security cameras Unobtrusive and low-key are synonyms. She dismissed the article as utter nonsense. Patience is not among his virtues. Through a doorway, more soldiers are visible The colours are a bit weak. Homeopathy works for me. Our conversation was abruptly terminated. She has been accused of using his password to delete information.
Unit 05
an important success, achievement, or victory seeming to be in all places not attracting attention used to emphasise something a good quality that someone has able to be seen difficult to see or hear If something works, it is effective and successful. suddenly and unexpectedly to say that someone has done something bad
to say that someone has done something bad He was falsely accused of murder. to agree that you did something bad, or that something bad is true the business of trying to persuade people to buy products or services He admitted that he didnt want a job. an advertising agency
all in all alternative amid anonymous arrest
phrase adjective preposition adjective verb
B2 B2 C1 C2 B1
considering everything different from something else but able to be used instead of it while something else is happening not giving a name If the police arrest someone, they take them away to ask them about a crime which they might have committed. used when you are talking about something that must happen before something else can happen very surprised something that you say before you give the most important fact of a situation to get into a building, car or container using force, usually to steal something to say that something is true, although you have not proved it happening often or existing in large numbers work that someone who has committed a crime does to help other people instead of going to prison if we are discussing or thinking about a particular thing to join two things or places together to think carefully about a decision or something you might do something someone does that is illegal
All in all, you have to admit thats not a bad result! We can make alternative arrangements if necessary. Security was increased amid fears of further terrorist attacks. an anonymous phone call She was arrested for hacking into his computer. Theres a chance the ISPs will take action as long as they can all agree to act together. I was astonished to hear what he said. At the end of the day, you have to admit thats not a bad result! She broke into someone's locker. Other sources claim that he was following the route of an earlier explorer. Its increasingly common for people to call you first. Two teenagers were sentenced to 360 hours of community service. Thats it as far as lifestyle is concerned. I think we should connect that page to Portraits. Yes, I think that solution is worth considering. Deleting online characters may not be a crime, but breaking into someones computer certainly is.
as long as
phrase
B1 B2
astonished adjective at the end of the idiom day phrasal break into verb claim common community service concerned connect consider crime verb adjective phrase adjective verb verb noun
B1 B2 B1
Unit 06
Unit 06
Unit 06
B2 B1 B1 B1
Unit 06
cut daydream dream drop engage in (sth) even if expected face-to-face
verb verb verb verb phrasal verb conjunctio n adjective adjective
B2 C1 B1 B2 C2 B2 B2 B1
to remove part of a film or piece of writing to have pleasant thoughts about something you would like to happen to imagine something that you would like to happen to decide to stop including someone or something to take part in something
I think we should cut the About Us page. I was staring out of the window, daydreaming. If my uncle sent me a gift, I wouldnt dream of phoning him. I think we should drop the About Us page. The two sides have agreed to engage in talks.
used to emphasize that a particular situation Even if you stopped file sharing completely, would not change what you have just said it wouldnt lead to a big increase in sales. Youre expected to respond pretty quickly. directly, meeting someone in the same place A face-to-face meeting. the activity of putting a file onto a special place on your computer so that many other people can copy it, look at it, or use it by using the Internet
Unit 06
Unit 06 Unit 06
file sharing
noun
There's nothing wrong with file sharing.
Unit 06
fine first thing flesh-and-blood gamer go ahead hack historically
noun phrase adjective noun phrasal verb verb adverb
B1
an amount of money that you must pay for breaking a law or rule at the earliest time in the day involving a real person who is present someone who plays games, especially computer games
It carries a maximum sentence of five years in prison prison or a fine of 3,200. He said he'd phone back first thing tomorrow. She was arrested for a virtual crime, rather than a flesh-and-blood murder. online gamers Shall I start the lesson?' 'Yes, go ahead.' Two British youths were caught hacking into government computers. Historically, this was a mill town.
Unit 06
B2
to start to do something to use a computer to illegally get into someone else's computer system and read the information that is kept there in a way that is connected to history
Unit 06 Unit 06
C1
homepage important in response to interact link long-term low-quality maximum measure middle-aged move movie on the other hand other side otherwise password place
noun adjective phrase verb verb adjective adjective adjective noun adjective verb noun phrase phrase conjunctio n noun verb A1 B2 B2 B2 B2 B1 B1 B2 B1 A2 A1 B2 B2 B1 B1 B2
the first page that you see when you look at a I've set Facebook to be my homepage. website on the Internet If you receive a job offer, its really valuable, useful, or necessary important that you get it in writing. In response to RealGuys comments that as a reaction to virtual worlds are a waste of time, I couldnt disagree more. At school, teachers say he interacted well to talk and do things with other people with other students. to make a connection between two or more I think we should link that page to Portraits. people, things, or ideas continuing a long time into the future A long-term commitment. of a poor standard A low-quality science fiction movie. The maximum amount of something is the largest amount that is allowed or possible. the maximum temperature/speed
Unit 06 Unit 06
Unit 06
a way of achieving something or dealing with This arrangement is only a temporary a situation measure. in the middle of your life before you are old to change place or position, or to make something change place or position a film used for introducing an opposite opinion or way of thinking about something the opposite way of considering a situation used when saying what will happen if someone does not obey an order or do what has been suggested a secret word that allows you to do something, such as use your computer to put something in a particular position A middle-aged piano teacher. Its better to move all that information to the homepage. Casablanca' is my favourite movie. On the other hand, you have people who say that even if it is illegal, it doesn't hurt the music industry. I'd like to present the other side of the story. They should send her to prison, otherwise, everyonell start doing this. Key in your password. My idea is to place another page here.
Unit 06
Unit 06
Unit 06 Unit 06
portrait present pressure prison proper propose punishment real-world
noun verb noun noun adjective verb noun noun
B2 B2 B2 B1 B1 B2 B2
a painting, drawing, or photograph of someone to give people information in a formal way
a portrait of the princess The purpose of this proposal is to present some suggestions.
Unit 06 Unit 06
when someone tries to make someone else do They are under pressure from the music something by arguing, persuading, etc. industry. a place where criminals are kept as a punishment socially acceptable to suggest a plan or action when someone is punished the set of situations most humans have to deal with in their lives, rather than what happens in stories, films, etc If something has reportedly happened or is reportedly a fact, people say it has happened or is true. someone or something that is competing with another person or thing involving an activity in which people pretend to be other people to try to find or get something a punishment that a judge gives to someone who has committed a crime to give a punishment to someone who has committed a crime to move something to another place very unfriendly or unpleasant He's spent most of his life in prison. Writing a letter is considered the proper thing to do. I propose that we delay our decision until we have more information. Is community service a useful punishment? People may seek real-world justice for people who harm them virtually. Two students were reportedly killed and several wounded. business/political rivals a role-playing game to seek advice/a solution It carries a maximum sentence of five years in prison prison or a fine of 3,200. He was sentenced to five years in prison. Its better to shift all that information to the homepage. Their relationship suddenly turned sour.
Unit 06
Unit 06
reportedly rival role-playing seek sentence sentence shift sour
adverb noun adjective verb noun verb verb adjective
C2 C2
Unit 06
B2 B2 B2 C1
status stick story sum up
noun verb noun phrasal verb verb
C1
the position that you have in relation to other The pay and status of nurses has improved. people because of your job or social position put (informal) My idea is to stick another page here. an explanation of why something happened, I'd like to present the other side of the story. which may not be true to describe briefly the important facts or characteristics of something or someone The purpose of a conclusion is to sum up the main points of an essay.
A2 B2
Unit 06
suspect
B2
to think that someone may have committed a Although the woman committed a crime, crime or done something bad she isn't suspected of murder. to think that someone may have committed a He was suspected of drug dealing. crime or done something bad to exchange one thing for another to exchange one thing for another to do something to deal with a situation a person who pays tax I think we should swap Landscapes and Weddings. I think we should switch Landscapes and Weddings. We must take action before the situation gets worse. This is a waste of taxpayers' money.
Unit 06
suspect swap switch take action taxpayer terminate that way under unheard of unless
verb verb verb phrase noun verb phrase preposition adjective conjunctio n adjective
B2 C1 B2 B2 C2
Unit 06
If you terminate something, you make it end. His contract has been terminated. as a result of doing that B2 according to a rule, law, etc never having happened before B1 except if That way, shell be paying something back to society. These virtual goods are goods under Dutch law, so this is theft. Its unheard of to reply to a job offer by text. Unless that happens, theyll just be afraid of losing customers to their rivals.
Unit 06
virtual
B2
using computer images and sounds that Do you think people should be punished for make you think an imagined situation is real virtual crimes?
Unit 06
virtual reality
noun
B2
virtually worldwide accusation alternatively amuse answer anticipate approach ask atom awake benzene chemical close down come
adverb adverb noun adverb verb noun verb noun verb noun verb noun adjective phrasal verb verb
B2 B2 C1 B2 B2 B1 C1 B2 A1 B2
when a computer produces images and sounds that make you feel an imagined situation is real in a way that uses computer images and sounds that make you think an imagined situation is real in all parts of the world when you say that someone has done something bad
virtual reality games All these things can be experienced virtually. 10 million copies have been sold worldwide.
Unit 06
Unit 06
He made a number of accusations against his former colleagues. Alternatively, he could hide somewhere and used to give a second possibility wait. to keep someone interested and help them to I bought a magazine to amuse myself while have an enjoyable time I was on the train. a solution to a problem to expect something, or to prepare for something before it happens a way of doing something to say something to someone as a question which you want them to answer the smallest unit that an element can be divided into to wake up a colourless liquid made from petroleum, from which plastics and many chemical products can be made relating to chemistry or chemicals If a business or organisation closes down, it stops operating. to have or achieve a particular position in a race, competition, list, etc. At what time of day do you find it easiest to find out answers to problems? to anticipate a problem A different approach would be to inform the head of the lab. If you dont mind me asking, whats the big hurry? an oxygen atom He awoke at dawn. He was trying to work out the chemical structure of benzene. a chemical reaction My brother's company recently closed down. Former justice minister Laurence Taylor came second with 31% of the vote.
Unit 07
Unit 07 Unit 07
Unit 07
B2 B2 B1
Unit 07
come across come across something come along
phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb adjective noun noun
C1
to seem to be a particular type of person
Enrico comes across as very serious at first,but actually hes got a lovely sense of humour. We were walking through the woods when we came across a strange little house. Discussions are coming along slowly as there are a few problems with the draft contract
Unit 07
B2
to find something by chance
Unit 07
C2
to start to exist
Unit 07
come as
If an event or decision comes as a shock, The results have come as a shock to the disappointment or relief, etc., it causes those ruling party. feelings. to become involved in a situation, story or plan B1 A2 B2 If a book, record, film, etc comes out, it becomes available for people to buy or see. to visit someone at their house to be a particular total when numbers or amounts are added together If a thought or idea comes to you, you suddenly start to think about it. If a problem or difficult situation comes up, it happens. to suggest or think of an idea or plan involving a lot of different parts, in a way that is difficult to understand the process of writing something a small house, usually in the countryside Our wonderful recipes will come in useful for parties or quiet dinners for two. The first of Hrabals collected writings came out in 1991. Would you like to come round for dinner this weekend? What would you do if a restaurant bill came to a lot less than you expected? The image of the famous monster came to the author in her sleep. Im going to be late again tonight somethings come up at work. The purpose of mediation is to allow the participants to come up with solutions for themselves. It's kind of complicated. There is a story connected to the poem's composition. They have a cottage in France.
Unit 07
come in
Unit 07
come out come round come to come to someone come up come up with complicated composition cottage
Unit 07
C1 B2 B1 C2 B1
Unit 07
decide delicate difficult distract draft equality equation feasible figure out find find out
verb adjective adjective verb noun noun noun adjective phrasal verb verb phrasal verb
A2 C1 A1 B2 B2 B2 C1 C1 B2 B1 A2
to choose something after thinking about several possibilities needing to be dealt with very carefully not easy and needing skill or effort to do or understand to make someone stop giving their attention to something a piece of writing or a plan that is not yet in its finished form when everyone is equal and has the same opportunities, rights, etc when you show that two amounts are equal using mathematical symbols possible to do to finally understand or find the solution to something, after thinking for a while to think or feel a particular way about someone or something to discover something or someone that you have been searching for written or spoken in a language that is not your own in a basic and important way to develop a thought about something that you want to do as a result of something else
What we decided to do was include English summaries. Its a bit delicate. Its a difficult situation. Stop distracting me - I'm trying to finish my essay. He made several changes to the first draft. racial/sexual equality It's a simple equation. Yes, I think that solution is quite feasible. I couldnt figure out what to do. I've always found that rights and responsibilities go hand in hand. At what time of day do you find it easiest to find out answers to problems? foreign-language broadcasts Fundamentally, nothing has changed. Mary got the idea for Frankenstein from a dream. Do you believe in ghosts? It was so frustrating that I just gave up on it.
Unit 07
Unit 07
Unit 07
foreign-language adjective fundamentally adverb C2
get an idea from phrase something ghost give up on noun phrasal verb B1 B2
the spirit of a dead person which appears to people who are alive to stop doing something before it is finished because it is too difficult or it is not successful
Unit 07
Unit 07
goddess halfway haunt idea ignore imagery inactive innocent inspiration inspire install insult kneel
noun adverb verb noun verb noun adjective adjective noun verb verb verb verb B2 B2 B2 B1 B2 B2 B2 A2 B2
a female spirit that people pray to and who they believe has control over parts of the world or nature in the middle of a period of time If a ghost or other creature haunts a place, it appears there often. an understanding, thought, or picture in your mind
the ancient goddess of hunting the halfway point A murdered knight haunts the castle.
A dream could give you the idea for a great work of art. You can't ignore it, the problem won't go to pay no attention to something or someone away. the use of words or pictures in books, films, paintings, etc to describe ideas or situations not active or working not guilty of committing a crime a sudden good idea about what you should do to give someone an idea for a book, play, painting, etc to put a piece of equipment somewhere and make it ready to use to say or do something to someone that is rude and offensive to go down into or stay in a position where one or both of your knees are on the ground to think calm thoughts for a long period in order to relax or as a religious activity The poem is famous for its beautiful imagery. Beetle grubs stay inactive underground until spring. He claims to be innocent of the crime. Scientists and engineers get a lot of inspiration from dreams. Srinivasa Ramanujan was inspired by dreams. The school has installed a burglar alarm. How dare you insult me in front of my friends! She knelt down beside the child.
Unit 07
Unit 07
meditate
verb
I meditate twice a day.
Unit 07
microscope mind
noun verb A2
a piece of scientific equipment which uses lenses (=pieces of curved glass) to make very We looked at the cells under the microscope. small objects look bigger If you dont mind me asking, whats the big to be annoyed or worried by something hurry?
Unit 07
Unit 07
minister molecule mull over mystery none of my business nosy null original personal phenomenon poll practical progress
noun noun phrasal verb noun
B2
B1
a politician who is responsible for a government department or has an important position in it the smallest unit of a substance, consisting of one or more atoms to think carefully about something for a long time something strange or unknown that cannot be explained or understood
a finance/health minister a hydrogen molecule I spent a long time mulling it over. an unsolved mystery
Unit 07
idiom
B2
If something is none of someone's business, Maybe its none of my business but what's they do not need to know about it, although the problem? they want to, because it does not affect them. always trying to find out private things about other people having no substance or value special and interesting because of not being the same as others I dont want to be nosy but do you know whats going on? Their readership was null. Where do you come up with your best or most original ideas?
Unit 07
adjective adjective adjective adjective noun noun adjective verb
C2
B1 B1 C1
relating to the private parts of someone's life, It's just a personal thing. including their relationships and feelings something that exists or happens, usually something unusual storms, lightning, and other natural phenomena
Unit 07
Unit 07
when people are asked questions to discover A recent poll indicated that 77 percent of what they think about a subject Americans supported the president. C1 B2 suitable or useful for a situation which may involve some difficulty to improve or develop in skills, knowledge, etc Thats not really practical. Technology has progressed rapidly in the last 100 years.
Unit 07
Unit 07 Unit 07
prospective
adjective
C1
Prospective buyers, employers, parents, etc., are not yet buyers, employers, parents, etc., We interview all the prospective candidates. but are expected to be in the future. to try to discover private things about people I don't mean to pry but is something wrong?
Unit 07
pry
verb
Unit 07
put off readership realise reject revise slack solution solve specifically stormy (the) supernatural swan tackle tale talk terror thief thus tricky
phrasal verb noun verb verb verb noun noun verb adverb adjective noun noun verb noun verb noun noun adverb adjective
B1
to decide or arrange to delay an event or activity until a later time the number and type of people who read a particular newspaper, magazine, etc
I know I should see a dentist but I keep putting it off. These magazines have a very young readership. Kekul realised that benzene molecules have the shape of a ring. Why do they reject the other ideas? a revised edition of the book We need a little slack in the schedule. I came up with a brilliant solution. Would you say your work or home life involves solving lots of problems? It was a magazine specifically about languages.
Unit 07
Unit 07
B1 B2 B2
to understand a situation, sometimes suddenly to refuse to accept or agree with something to change something so that it is more accurate a period of time when someone is not very busy the answer to a problem to find the answer to something for a particular reason, purpose, etc
B1 B1 C1 B2 B2 B2 B2 B2 A1 B2 B1 B2 B2
If it is stormy, the weather is bad with a lot of a stormy night wind and rain. things that cannot be explained by our She's very interested in the supernatural. knowledge of science or nature a large, white bird with a long neck which a swan's nest lives on lakes and rivers to try to deal with a problem a story, especially one which is not true or is difficult to believe to say things to someone a feeling of being very frightened someone who steals things used after saying a fact to introduce what then happened as a result difficult to deal with or do Do you prefer to concentrate on one problem at a time or tackle several at once? My grandfather used to tell us tales of his time as a pilot during the war. I cant really talk about it right now. There was a look of terror on his face. a car thief The guard fell asleep, thus allowing Bates to escape. That would be tricky.
Unit 07
tub twist vanish work out worth (+ ing) a good thing absorb
noun verb verb phrasal verb phrase phrase verb C2 B2 B2 B1 B2 C1
a large container that you fill with water and sit in to wash to turn part of your body to face a different direction to disappear suddenly to understand something or to find the answer to something by thinking about it how important or useful someone or something is If it's a good thing that something happened, it is lucky that it happened. to understand and remember facts that you read or hear
I always sing in the tub. She twisted her head so she could see what was happening. The sun vanished behind the trees. Wait there while I work out what to do. It might be worth speaking to the two workers privately. Its a good thing I didnt send that email. It's hard to absorb so much information.
accent
noun
B1
the way in which someone pronounces words, influenced by the country or area they an American accent come from, or their social class the work of organising and arranging the operation of something such as a business happening or ready before an event a clock that you can set to wake you up at a particular time with a loud noise something you say or write to say that you are sorry about something you have done extremely shocked or upset sleeping or not awake a promise using or able to speak two languages He works in the admin department. advance planning/warning My alarm clock went off at six. I would like to receive a formal apology from the directors of the hotel. I was appalled by his words and refused to pay. I fell asleep I started to sleep as soon as my head hit the pillow. I would like to receive an assurance that the employee has been disciplined. a bilingual dictionary
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admin advance alarm clock apology appalled asleep assurance bilingual
noun adjective noun noun adjective adjective noun adjective A2 B1 C2 B1 C1 C1
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black and blue cant cheek clean and tidy clerk colloquially common language complaint complimentary confidence conservative could couldnt dead or alive decent delighted dialect
idiom modal verb noun phrase noun adverb phrase noun adjective noun adjective modal verb modal verb phrase adjective adjective noun B1 B1 C2 B2 C1 B2 B2 B2 B1 C2 B1 B1 A2
with dark marks on your skin caused by being hit or having an accident cannot the soft part of your face below your eye with nothing dirty and everything ordered and in the right place someone who works in an office or bank, keeping records and doing general office work in an informal situation a language that everyone in two or more groups speaks
I feel and hurt my knee. It was black and blue for ages. It cant have been because I paid. He knew I was going to. Tears ran down his cheeks. Wow! The kitchens so clean and tidy. Nice work! a bank clerk This is the language we use colloquially.
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Id like to make a complaint about the when someone says that something is wrong extremely rude and unprofessional or not satisfactory behaviour of one of your staff. given free, especially by a business a complimentary glass of wine trusting someone's ability or believing that something will produce good results not trusting sudden changes or new ideas used to express possibility, especially slight or uncertain possibility used to express possibility, especially slight or uncertain possibility whether now living or not of a satisfactory quality or level very pleased a form of a language that people speak in a particular part of a country I hope that you will be able to restore my confidence in your hotel. Older people tend to be very conservative. The waiter could have made a mistake in the bill. He couldn't have felt unhappy with the meal. He really enjoyed it. We really need to find it. Dead or alive. He earns a decent salary. They were really delighted with the restaurant I chose. There are many different languages in India and there are even more dialects.
Unit 08
dissatisfaction embarrass ensure expect express fascinated first language
noun verb verb verb verb adjective noun
B2 C2 B2 B1 B2 B2 A1
when you are not pleased or happy with something
Im writing to express my dissatisfaction with your staff. My dad's always embarrassing me in front to make someone feel ashamed or shy of my friends. I strongly recommend you take steps to to make certain that something is done or ensure that such an incident doesnt happen happens again. to think that something will happen I expect to receive a formal apology to show what you think or how you feel using Wed like to express our gratitude for the words or actions efforts you made. I was really fascinated by all the cultural extremely interested differences I noticed the language that someone learns to speak first used for saying that there are a number of reasons for something but that you are not going to explain them now Madeleine's first language is French, but she also knows English and German. It just never happened for one reason or another. I would like to receive a formal apology from the directors of the hotel. Im glad things turned out the way they did. My grandchildren came to stay with me. Neil took us here and there sightseeing. I felt homesick when I went to university. I hope that you will be able to restore my confidence in your hotel. When she saw me, she ran over and hugged me and kissed me on both cheeks. I felt absolutely horrified. He is a wonderful host.
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for one reason or phrase another formal glad grandchild here and there homesick hope horrified host adjective adjective noun phrase adjective verb adjective noun A2 C2 B2 B2 A2 A2 B2
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public or official happy about something the child of your son or daughter in several different places but without any pattern feeling sad because you are away from your home to want something to happen or be true very shocked someone who invites people to a meal or a party, or to stay in their home
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humiliated if only in and out incident inform insist on intrigue isolated keep up with (sb)
adjective phrase phrase noun verb phrasal verb verb adjective phrasal verb noun adjective modal verb phrase modal verb phrase adjective
C2 B1
B2 B1 B1 C2 C1 B2
describes someone who has been made to feel ashamed or stupid used when you want to say how doing something simple would make it possible to avoid something unpleasant into and out of a place an event, especially one that is bad or unusual to tell someone about something to demand something forcefully If someone or something intrigues you, they interest you very much. alone and not having help or support from other people to move at the same speed as someone or something that is moving forward so that you stay level with them communication between people, usually using words relating to language or linguistics used to talk about what is possibly true or will possibly happen If you say that something may well happen, you mean that it is likely to happen used to talk about what was possibly true
The waiter looked humiliated when he saw the size of the tip they gave him. If only Id asked for some advice. People were wandering in and out. I suggest you take steps to ensure that such an incident doesnt happen again. We regret to inform you that we are unable to offer you a position at this time. I regret I didnt insist on seeing a director at the time. I was really intrigued by all the cultural differences I noticed I just felt so isolated. I couldn't keep up with him. There are many different languages in India and there are even more dialects. There is huge linguistic variety in India. He may have felt a bit ill after eating too much. She may well have forgotten what I looked like. He might have been a bit angry. Its hard to say.
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language linguistic may may well might have mince your words monolingual
A1 C1 B2 B2 B2
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If you do not mince your words, you say what Rob was not a man to mince his words. you mean directly, even if this upsets people. using only one language monolingual dictionaries
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more or less mortified
phrase adjective
B2
almost very embarrassed the first language that you learn when you are a child the first language you learn when you are a baby using or speaking more than two languages
Just a minute. Ive more or less finished this report. When she saw me, she ran over and hugged me and kissed me on both cheeks. I felt absolutely mortified! Their mother tongues are regional languages and are absolutely different. My mother tongue is French.
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mother tongue mother tongue multilingual must mystify occur odds and ends
noun noun adjective modal verb verb verb phrase
B2
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B2
B2 C2
used to show that you think something is I think she must have felt homesick. very likely or certain to be true If something mystifies someone, they cannot She must have been mystified by my cold understand or explain it because it is reaction. confusing or complicated. According to the police, the shooting to happen, often without being planned occurred at about 12.30 a.m. various things of different types, usually small and not important or of little value a language that has a special importance in a country, often the language used in its courts and parliament not right or suitable for a particular situation I just felt so out of place. Look! here a box of odds and ends from our old flat.
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official language phrase
B2
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out of place pen friend
phrase noun phrasal verb adjective A2
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point out proficient
B2
someone who you write friendly letters to regularly, but you have never met to make a person notice someone or something, usually by telling them where they are or by holding up one of your fingers towards them very good at something
I have a French pen friend. When I pointed this out, the clerk said, Dont cause trouble. She's proficient in two languages.
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puritanical rain or shine reaction refer to (sth) refuse regional language regret related to (sth) restore rigid romance
adjective idiom noun phrasal verb verb phrase
B1
having very strict ways of behaving whatever the weather is
They are puritanical about speaking one language. Were going rain or shine. Nothing will stop us.
B2 B2 B1 B2
something you say, feel, or do because of What was his reaction to the news? something that has happened to talk or write about someone or something, She did not refer to the past. especially briefly to say that you will not do or accept I asked him to leave but he refused. something a language that is used only in a part of a country used to say that you are sorry that you have to tell someone about a situation connected to or similar to something to make something good exist again not able to change or be changed easily an exciting relationship of love between two people, often a short one a language that you speak that is not the first language you learned as a child angry and bored because something unpleasant has been happening for too long Their mother tongues are regional languages and are absolutely different. We regret to inform you that we are unable to offer you a position at this time. The language is related to French. I hope that you will be able to restore my confidence in your hotel. I found the rules a little too rigid. They got married last September after a whirlwind romance.
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verb phrase verb adjective noun
B2 B2 C1 C2 B1 B1
second language noun sick and tired idiom
Im sick and tired of watching TV. Its boring! Youll have to tell him sooner or later. Why not now? I am sorry to say that we already have enough volunteers and we will not be needing any more. She has just split up with her boyfriend.
Unit 08
sooner or later
phrase
B2
used to say that you do not know exactly when something will happen, but you are sure that it will happen used to show sympathy or sadness for a person or situation If two people who have a romantic relationship split up, they finish their relationship.
Unit 08
sorry
adjective phrasal verb
B2
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split up
B1
Unit 08
strongly take steps
adverb phrase
B2
very much or in a very serious way to do things to achieve something
Id strongly recommend it. I strongly recommend you take steps to ensure that such an incident doesnt happen again.
Unit 08 Unit 08
theme park
noun
a park with entertainments, such as games, machines to ride on, restaurants, etc, that are a Disney theme park all based on one idea B2 B2 C2 B1 B2 B2 very excited and pleased to buy and sell goods or services, especially between countries a way of learning the best way to do something by trying different methods to hope and expect that something is true to walk slowly about a place without any purpose If someone or something has a high level of something, they have a large amount of that thing. If someone or something has a high profile, they receive a lot of public attention. C2 B2 B2 having to be responsible for what you do and able to explain your actions to do a particular job, especially one that you do not normally do very involved in an organization or planned activity to take orders from, obey and explain your actions to someone a part of a subject or activity to join or fix one thing to another They were really thrilled with the restaurant I chose. This will increase costs for companies trading with Asia. I taught myself to paint, learning by trial and error. I trust that you will be able to restore my confidence in your hotel. They wandered aimlessly around the town. A focus puller requires a high level of expertise. Can you name someone from your country with a high profile internationally? On a film set, everybody is accountable to the director. I act as a representive for our members at different events. I play quite an active part in the Screenwriters' Guild. On a film set, everybody answers to the director. Ill be looking at four main areas. Another machine attaches the cover to the book block using hot glue to hold everything together.
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thrilled trade trial and error trust wander a high level of
adjective verb phrase verb verb phrase
Unit 09
a high profile accountable act as active answer to area attach
phrase adjective phrasal verb adjective phrasal verb noun verb
Unit 09
B2 B1
belong to big-budget
phrasal verb adjective
B1 B2
to be a member of a group or organisation costing a large amount of money
I belong to a local charity. A DP on big-budget films will experience many of the things a director does.
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blame boom bullet bully calculate caramel Celsius chalkboard clear come back to conveyor belt cookie cool down crude
noun noun noun noun verb noun noun noun adjective phrasal verb noun noun phrasal verb adjective
B2
when people say that someone or something The manager should take the blame for the is responsible for something bad team's defeat. a long pole that holds a microphone Make sure the boom stays out of the shot.
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B2 C1 B2
a small, metal object that is fired from a gun a bullet wound someone who intentionally frightens a person who is smaller or weaker than them to discover an amount or number using mathematics a sweet made from sugar, milk, and butter a measurement of temperature in which water freezes at zero degrees Celcius and boils at 100 degrees Celcius. a board with a dark surface that you can write on with chalk easy to understand or see to talk again about something that you mentioned earlier a continuous moving piece of rubber or metal used to transport objects from one place to another He was such a bully. to calculate a cost/percentage chocolates with a caramel centre 250 degrees Celsius The name of each scene is written on a chalk board. Is that clear? Ill come back to that later. The goods move along a conveyor belt.
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A2
Unit 09
A2 B2 C2
a thin, flat cake that is dry and usually sweet chocolate chip cookies to become less hot made or done in a simple way and without much skill She waited for her coffee to cool down. a crude device/weapon
cut into cut off
phrasal verb noun
A2 B2
despite dip distinctive divide into dozen drop into duty either way emerge end up with exactly expertise fee flavour
preposition verb adjective phrasal verb noun phrasal verb noun phrase verb phrasal verb adverb noun noun noun
B1 B2 C1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B1 B2 B1 A2
to break the surface of something with a sharp tool to stop people from continuing a telephone conversation by breaking the telephone connection used to say that something happened or is true, although something else makes this seem not probable to put something into a liquid for a short time Something that is distinctive is easy to recognise because it is different from other things. to separate something into different bits twelve, or a group of twelve to fall into something something you must do because it is morally or legally right used for saying that the result of two different things happening would be the same to appear from somewhere or come out of somewhere to have something as the result of doing something used to emphasize what you are saying skill an amount of money that you pay to do something, to use something, or to get a service
The folding machine folds the paper and cuts a little notch into the spine. What should you do if you get cut off during a phone call? I'm still pleased with the house despite all the problems we've had. She dipped the brush into the paint. a distinctive style of writing Ive divided my talk into three parts. There were about a dozen people at the party. The book finally drops into the three-knife trimmer, which cuts the edges of the paper off. Its our duty to organise this in turn. We can cut salaries or employ fewer people. Either way, its going to be difficult. The printed sections then emerge from the press You will end up with a lovely, soft mixture. What exactly did you have in mind? the technical expertise of the engineers an entrance fee
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B1 B1
the taste of a particular type of food or drink We sell 50 different flavours of ice cream.
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football club formula glamorous glue glue go into go out of your way go over guild harden high-pressure hold together homeless impossible in charge of
noun noun adjective noun verb phrasal verb phrase phrasal verb noun verb adjective phrasal verb adjective adjective phrase
A2 C1
a club for people who play football a plan or method that is used to achieve something attractive in an exciting and special way
I'm a lifelong supporter of Crystal Palace football club. There's no magic formula for success. a glamorous woman Put a bit of glue on both edges and hold them together. Do you think you can glue this vase back together? Large sheets of paper go into the press. Everyone went out of their way to make us feel welcome. It was lovely. Can you go over that again?
C2 C2 A2
a substance used to stick things together to stick something to something else with glue to move towards the inside of to try very hard to do something, especially for someone else
B2
to study or explain something
B2 B1 C1 B1 B1
an organisation of people who have the same the Designers' Guild job or interests This island is formed from volcanic lava to become hard and stiff that has hardened into rock. involving pressure which is greater than Describe a a high-pressure situation in your usual work or studies. Another machine attaches the cover to the to make something stay in one piece book block using hot glue to hold everything together. 10,000 people were made homeless by the without a place to live floods. If an action or event is impossible, it cannot an impossible task happen or be done. being the person who controls or is responsible for someone or something used before saying the truth about something, usually when it is not what you would expect The director of photography is in charge of the camera and lighting crew. In fact most travel writers find it hard just to make a living.
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in fact
phrase
B1
Unit 09
in the way ink lifelong liquefy liquid literally locate look at mean member microphone move along move on notch on the way operate operate oversee
phrase noun adjective verb noun adverb verb phrasal verb verb noun noun phrasal verb phrasal verb noun phrase verb verb verb B2 B2 B1 C2 B1 B2 B1 B2 B1 A2 B2 A2 C1
preventing someone from doing what they want to do a coloured liquid that you use for writing, printing, or drawing for all of your life to change into a liquid form a substance, for example water, that is not solid and that can be poured easily having the real or original meaning of a word or phrase If something is located in a particular place, that is where it is. to consider a subject carefully to have a particular meaning a person who belongs to a group or an organization a piece of electrical equipment for recording or broadcasting sounds, or for making sounds louder
Spencer wants to be the next President, but Gomez is in the way. My pen has run out of ink. a lifelong friend/interest Gases liquefy under pressure. The chocolate turns back into a liquid. They were responsible for literally millions of deaths. a cottage located in the countryside Ill be looking at four main areas. What do you mean by special ingredient? Im a member of the Screenwriters Guild You will need to use a microphone.
Unit 09
to go forwards towards the end of something The book moves along a conveyor belt. to change from one subject to another when you are talking or writing a cut in the shape of the letter V on the edge or surface of something going to happen soon If an organisation or business operates, it is working, and if you operate it, you manage it and make it work. to make a machine or piece of equipment do what it is designed to do to watch work as it is done in order to make certain that it is done correctly Lets move on to how you can get into the business. He cut a notch in the wood. Its chilly, isnt it? Winters definitely on the way. Our company is operating under very difficult conditions at present. You have to be trained to operate the machinery. The director of photography oversees the camera and lighting crew.
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overtake pass through personality pick up play a part in pole pour into precise print onto priority process put into put together
verb phrasal verb noun phrasal verb phrase noun phrasal verb adjective phrasal verb noun noun phrasal verb phrasal verb
B2 B1 B2 A2 B2 C2 B1 B2 A2 B2 B2 A1 B2
to go past a vehicle or person that is going in It's dangerous to overtake on a bend. the same direction The sections pass through the folding go from one side to the other machine. the quality of having a very strong or Who do you know has a big personality? interesting character to lift someone or something using your The gathering machine picks an A section hands, a tool or a machine up, then a B section and so on. I play quite an active part in the to be involved in something Screenwriters' Guild. a long, thin stick made of wood or metal, tent poles often used to hold something up The operator pours ink into the printing to make a liquid flow into something press. To be precise, the chocolate seals off the used to give exact details of something filling from the oxygen in the air to produce writing or images on paper with a The press prints 16 pages onto the paper machine something that is very important and that must be dealt with before other things a series of actions that you take in order to achieve a result to place something inside something to move things next to each other Tell us about something which is a high priority in your life. And thats the whole process. The operator puts the sheets into the folding machine. The gathering machine puts a complete set together to make a book block'.
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putty
noun
a soft, grey substance that becomes hard when it is dry and is used to fasten glass into The putty around the windows is cracked. windows or to fill small holes in wood B1 happening or doing something often, especially at the same time every week, year, regular exercise etc.
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regular
adjective
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relatively report to
adverb phrasal verb noun phrasal verb noun noun phrasal verb adverb noun noun phrasal verb noun noun verb noun adverb noun
B2
quite, when compared to other things or Eating out is relatively cheap. people Someone you report to at work is the person On a film set, everybody reports to the in authority who gives you tasks and checks director. that you do them. something that it is your job or duty to deal with having control and authority over something or someone the job someone or something has in a particular situation a short, thick plant with roses to tell someone about something so that they can give their opinion about it in a safe way a story that is written for television or for a film someone who writes the story for a film to close an entrance or container so that air or liquid cannot enter or leave it the meaning of a word, phrase, or sentence a hard outer covering for something to use a camera to record a film or take a photograph a photograph without any sudden movements or changes an unusual type of action in a film, or an entertainment on stage, created by using special equipment Its the camera operators responsibility to make sure the camera moves smoothly The director is responsible for interpreting the screenplay. Ive recently taken on the role of their teacher. They planted a rosebush in the garden. Can you run that past me again? We all arrived safely. I write screenplays for films. She's a screenwriter. The chocolate seals off the filling from the air. You mentioned that being a sports producer was repetitive. In what sense? caramel in a chocolate shell Most of the film was shot in Italy. I got a good shot of them leaving the hotel together. Make sure the camera moves smoothly. The new Harry Potter film includes some very frightening special effects.
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responsibility responsible for role rosebush run something past someone safely screenplay screenwriter seal off
B2 B1 B2
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B1
C2
sense shell shoot shot smoothly special effects
B2 C2 C1 B2 B2
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specific
adjective
B2
used to refer to a particular thing and not something general
To be more specific, the chocolate seals off the filling from the oxygen in the air
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spine standard start off
noun noun phrasal verb noun noun verb noun phrase noun noun phrasal verb verb phrase adjective noun noun phrase B2 B1
the narrow part of a book cover where the pages are joined together and which you can The spines of the books were damaged. see when it is on a shelf a level of quality, especially a level that is Talk about an organisation which you feel acceptable has high standards. to begin by doing something, or to make something begin by doing something one of the things that you do to achieve something an amount of money to watch a person or activity and make certain that everything is done correctly, safely, etc someone who likes a particular sports team and wants them to win to look at something a piece of work, especially something unpleasant or difficult when you cut something to make it tidy to move an object or page so that a different side or surface is on the top to write something using a keyboard the responsibility of To start off, I'll just say a few words about the printing press itself. The next step could be uploading a brain onto a computer, then programming it into an android. a large/small sum of money The director of photography supervises the camera and lighting crew. Im a lifelong supporter of Crystal Palace football club. Now lets take a look at how you can get into the business. The focus pullers main task is to focus the camera. The hedge needs a trim. The press turns the paper over. I need to type up my notes. Its up to the DP to make sure the team delivers what the director wants. the upcoming elections I resisted a powerful urge to slap him.
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step sum supervise supporter take a look task trim turn over type up to upcoming urge vision voluntary work
B2 B1 B2 B1 B1 B2
B1 B1 B1 C1 C2 B2
An upcoming event will happen soon. a strong wish or need an idea or image in your mind of what a vision of a better society something could be like in the future work that people do because they want to do I occasionally do voluntary work for a local it and for which they are not paid charity.
way of (+ing) way to work as
phrase phrase phrasal verb
A2 A2 A1
a method for doing something a method for doing something If you work as something, that is what you do as your job. to succeed gradually in getting an important job by repeatedly changing your job for a more important one, having started your working life with little power or responsibility the physical or mental skill or qualities that you need to do something praise from a lot of people
Whats the easiest way of giving up smoking? Whats the best way to travel around your country? I work as a writer.
work ones way up
phrase
Stella worked her way up from shop assistant to regional manager. Satellites give us the ability to look at our planet with a global perspective. Shes won international acclaim and awards. Her greatest accomplishment would be if, one day, her work wasnt needed! According to one version, he was blown off course by bad weather. an alien spacecraft Satellites allow us to look at our planet with a global perspective. These people became our allies. Try looking at the problem from my angle. He is an archaeologist. astronomical research Shes won international acclaim and awards. a sandy beach
Unit 09
ability acclaim
noun noun
B1
accomplishment noun according to alien allow ally angle archaeologist astronomical award beach preposition adjective verb noun noun noun adjective noun noun
C1 B1
when you succeed in doing something good as said by someone or shown by something relating to creatures from another planet
C1 C1 C1 C1
to make it possible for someone to do something someone who supports you, especially when other people are against you the way you think about a situation someone who studies ancient cultures by looking for and examining their buildings, tools, and other objects relating to astronomy a prize given to someone for something they have achieved an area of sand or small stones next to the sea
B2 A1
beneath benefit biological
preposition noun adjective
B2 B1 B2 A2 B1
under something, or in a lower position than He hid the letter beneath a pile of papers. something something that helps you or gives you an That kind of medicine offers no benefit. advantage connected with the natural processes of biological sciences living things to cause someone to act differently to cause someone to think differently or to have different beliefs the way in which something is described by showing its main qualities Shes changed peoples minds and behaviour. Shes changed peoples minds and behaviour. I would argue with her characterisation of the country as 'hostile'.
change someone's phrase behaviour change phrase someone's mind characterisation noun
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civil servant
noun
someone who works in one of the government departments responsible for He is a civil servant. putting central government plans into action B2 a society with well developed social organisations, or the culture and way of life of a society a sign or a piece of information that helps you to solve a problem or answer a question relating to buying and selling things someone who you spend a lot of time with or go somewhere with If something is compulsory, you must do it because of a rule or law. when all the people in a group agree about something the protection of nature large or important enough to have an effect one of the world's great civilisations Police are searching the area for clues to the murder. commercial logging a travelling companion Its compulsory to vote here. to reach a consensus wildlife conservation The cost of marine expeditions is rising, but the results would be of considerable benefit.
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civilisation
noun
Unit 10
clue commercial companion compulsory consensus conservation considerable
noun adjective noun adjective noun noun adjective
B2 B2 B2 B2 C2 B2 B2
cooperation crucial curious dedicate depth descent detect differ discourage discover disturb diving do research effect enable enemy
noun adjective adjective verb noun noun verb verb verb verb verb noun phrase noun verb noun
B2 B2 B1 C1 B1
when you work together with someone or do international cooperation what they ask you Satellites are absolutely crucial for doing extremely important or necessary ocean research. wanting to know or learn about something to give your energy, time, etc. completely I was curious about his life in India. Shes dedicated herself to saving the panda.
the distance from the top of something to the The lake reaches a maximum depth of 292 bottom metres. a movement down The plane began its descent into Heathrow.
C1 B2 B2 B1 B2 B1 B1 B1 B2 B2
to discover or notice something, especially A submersible detected something enormous something that is difficult to see, hear, smell, passing beneath it. etc Where exactly was Vinland? Sources differ to be different on this question. to make someone less confident or I didn't mean to discourage her. enthusiastic about something Who has discovered a new club or caf to find something recently? to interrupt what someone is doing by Please don't disturb the animals. making noise or annoying them the activity of swimming under water or The cameras were well below the diving moving towards the bottom of an area of depth of a whale. water to study a subject, especially in order to Who has done research into their family discover new information about it history? a change, reaction, or result that is caused by I bought a natural remedy at the chemists, something but it doesnt seem to be having any effect. to make someone able to do something, or to Satellites enable us to look at our planet make something possible with a global perspective. a country or army that your country or army enemy forces/territory is fighting against in a war
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era essential evidence expedition expert
noun adjective noun noun noun
B2 B1 A1 B1 B1
a period of time in history that is special for a the Victorian era particular reason Satellites are absolutely essential for doing very important and necessary ocean research. something that makes you believe that Theres a lot of evidence that people learn in something is true or exists different ways. an organised journey, especially a long one Peary led the first expedition to the North for a particular purpose Pole. someone who has a lot of skill in something or a lot of knowledge about something to go around a place where you have never been in order to find out what is there to have to deal with something difficult a situation or event that you imagine, which is not real or true She is one of the worlds top experts on panda conservation. Who loves exploring new towns and cities? Shes faced some hard challenges. The big house was just a fantasy.
Unit 10
explore
verb
B1 B2 B2
Unit 10
face a challenge phrase fantasy farmland focus on sth free noun noun phrasal verb adjective
land which is used for or suitable for farming He owns over 100 acres of farmland. B2 B2 to give a lot of attention to one particular person, subject or thing able to live, happen, or exist without being controlled by anyone or anything the right to live in the way you want, say what you think, and make your own decisions without being controlled by anyone else a line or border between two countries or areas a very large group of stars held together in the universe relating to the whole world the natural environment of an animal or plant His article focussed on the French Revolution. Theyre free to pass through peoples land. My brother thinks we should have the freedom to vote or not, as we choose. frontier guards In our galaxy alone, there are an estimated 100 billion stars. the global problem of nuclear waste the fox's natural habitat
freedom
noun
B2
Unit 10
frontier galaxy global habitat
noun noun adjective noun
C2
B2 C1
hiker hoax human nature impact implode in agreement inform knowledge laboratory lifes work litter locate logging map marine mention mild
noun noun noun noun verb phrase verb noun noun noun noun verb noun verb adjective noun adjective B2 B1 B2 B2 B2 B1 B1 B1 B2
a person who goes for a long walk in the countryside an attempt to make people believe something which is not true feelings, qualities, and behaviour that are typical of most people the effect that a person, event, or situation has on someone or something to fall towards the inside with force having the same opinion to tell someone about something information and understanding that you have in your mind a room used for scientific work A person's life's work is the work which is most important to them and to which they give a lot of time and effort pieces of paper and other waste that are left in public places to find the exact position of someone or something the activity of cutting down trees for wood to represent an area of land in the form of a map found in the sea, or relating to the sea a brief remark
On sunny days the trails are full of hikers. The police said the bomb threat was a hoax. It's human nature to want to be loved. Latino singers have had a major impact on pop music this year. The vacuum inside the tube caused it to implode when the external air pressure was increased. Sources are in agreement that Leif Eriksson died in about 1020. If he calls me again, I shall inform the police. Shes used her knowledge and training to benefit the environment. research laboratories Shes made preserving the natural world her lifes work. There was a lot of litter in the street. Who finds it difficult to locate places on a map? logging companies. It must be amazing to map an unexplored area. marine creatures/life Interestingly, several sites make no mention of his companions.
Unit 10
When weather is mild, it is less cold than you a mild winter would expect.
minimum
adjective
B1
nuclear obey obliged to obliged to do something off course origin panda pavement perspective physicist pioneering planet positive
adjective verb phrase phrase phrase noun noun noun noun noun adjective noun adjective
B2 B2 B2 B2
The minimum amount of something is the smallest amount that is allowed, needed, or possible. relating to the energy that is released when the nucleus (=central part) of an atom is divided to do what you are told to do by a person, rule, or instruction If you are obliged to do something, you have to do it. to be forced to do something away from the direction in which a ship, aircraft, etc. should be moving the cause of something, or where something begins or comes from a large, black and white animal that lives in forests in China a path by the side of a road that people walk on the way you think about something someone who studies physics using ideas and methods that have never been used before a large, round object in space that moves around the sun or another star Something that is positive makes you feel better about a situation. when someone or something is considered more important than another person or thing to keep something the same or prevent it from being damaged or destroyed
How much is the minimum wage?
Unit 10
nuclear weapons/waste If you refuse to obey the law, you'll be arrested. Sellers are not legally obliged to accept the highest offer. Landowners are obliged to let us walk on their land. The ship was blown off course. the origin of the universe He is an expert on pandas. It's illegal to park on the pavement. Being unemployed has made me see things from a different perspective. My father is a physicist. pioneering techniques Jupiter is the largest planet of our solar system. The cost of marine expeditions is rising, but the results would have a positive effect on all our lives. to give precedence to something to preserve peace
Unit 10
B2
B1 C1
C2 B1 B2
Unit 10
precedence preserve
noun verb
C2 B2
Unit 10
Unit 10
radio telescope
noun
register right roam roar robot scan scold settlement
verb noun verb noun noun verb verb noun
B1 B2
a device for receiving, for scientific study, the electomagnetic waves sent out by objects in space such as stars to put information about someone or something, especially a name, on an official list something that the law allows you to do
They use radio telescopes to search the skies for signals from alien civilisations. Is he registered with the authorities to sell alcohol? Hikers have the right to walk on public or privately owned land.
Unit 10
Unit 10
to move around a place without any purpose gangs of youths roaming the street at night C2 B1 C1 a loud, deep sound a machine controlled by a computer, which can move and do other things that people can do to look around an area quickly to try to find a person or thing to speak angrily to someone because they have done something wrong a lion's roar They use robots in the factory. He loved to scan the night sky looking for stars and planets. Their mother scolded them.
Unit 10 Unit 10
C2
a town or village which people built to live in a Jewish settlement after arriving from somewhere else used to show that this is an informal, little known, or new name that something or someone is know as a small spacecraft, with no one travelling in it, sent into space to make measurements and send back information to scientists on Earth a group of plants or animals which share similar characteristics one of the steps in a set of steps to look at someone or something for a long time and not move your eyes to suddenly surprise or frighten someone the so-called 'Robin Hood tax'
Unit 10
so-called
adjective
B2
Unit 10
space probe
noun
Space probes allow us to gather data about other planets. a rare species of bird stair lights Sean was staring at me. The sound startled me.
Unit 10
species stair stare startle
noun noun verb verb
B2
B2
state submarine subsidise surface sweep up (sth) threat transmit turnout universe
verb noun verb noun phrasal verb noun verb noun noun
B2
to officially say or write something
Other sources state that he was following the route of an earlier explorer.
B2 B2 B2 C1
a boat that travels under water They use a research submarine. If a government or other organisation subsidises something, it pays part of the cost We have a subsidised restaurant at work. of it, so that prices are reduced. the top or outside part of something the Earth's surface to clear something away using a brush someone or something that is likely to cause harm or damage to broadcast something, or to send out signals using radio, television, etc the number of people at an event, such as a meeting or election everything that exists, including stars, space, etc describes a spacecraft, or a place where military guards work, that has no people present to operate or be in charge of it We swept up the broken glass. a threat to the environment The information is transmitted electronically to the central computer. They blamed the low turnout on the bad weather. Many people believe that there is life elsewhere in the universe. an unmanned mission to the planet Mars
B1
unmanned
adjective
Unit 10
vary version
verb noun
B2 B2
If things of the same type vary, they are different from each other. someone's description of what has happened
Sources vary on this question. In one version, he was blown off course by bad weather.
Unit 10 Unit 10
Viking
noun
a person belonging to a race of Scandinavian people who travelled by sea and attacked parts of northern and southern Europe a Viking settlement between the 8th and the 11th centuries, often staying to live in places they travelled to B2 necessary Satellites are absolutely vital for doing ocean research.
Unit 10
vital
adjective
Unit 10
wavelength weed whale
noun noun noun phrasal verb adverb
C2 C2 B1
the length of radio wave used by a radio company for broadcasting its programmes
What wavelength are they on?
Unit 10
a wild plant that you do not want to grow in Dandelions are common weeds. your garden a very large animal that looks like a large fish, lives in the sea and breathes air through They hunt for whales. a hole at the top of its head to do things with another person or organization in order to achieve something used before a number or amount to mean approximately happening or having an effect on people at every level and in every area to make a suggestion about what you think someone should do or how they should do something to make a suggestion about what you think someone should do or how they should do something when you say that someone has done something wrong or illegal, without proof that this is true to tell people about something officially or with force or confidence to tell someone that you are sorry about something you have done someone who applies for a job Her professor worked with the government to improve things. About eight out of ten people said they usually got their bread at the supermarket. There has been an across-the-board improvement. Id advise against it. His doctor advised him to take time off work. allegations of corruption She announced that shed require indoor parking for her moped. He apologised for the interruption. There were over fifty applicants for the job.
Unit 10
Unit 10
work with
A1
Unit 10
about
A1
Unit 11
across-the-board adjective advise verb B1
Unit 11
Unit 11
advise
verb
B1
Unit 11
allegation announce apologise applicant arm wrestle at ease
noun verb verb noun noun phrase
C1 B1 B1
Unit 11
a contest in which two people try to press He challenged me to an arm wrestle. each other's arm down to see who is stronger feeling relaxed and comfortable I felt completely at ease with him.
Unit 11 Unit 11
audio book automatic balding bar code best (noun) bite break off briefcase bring out the worst in someone broadcaster call off campaign challenge challenge clam up
noun adjective adjective noun noun verb phrasal verb noun phrase noun phrasal verb noun verb verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb A1 B2 B2 C1 B2 B1 B1 B2 C2
a book that has been read aloud by an actor and recorded certain to happen as part of the normal process or system becoming bald a row of black lines on something you buy, that a computer reads to find the price someone or something that is better than any other to cut something using your teeth to suddenly stop speaking or doing something a flat, rectangular case with a handle for carrying documents, books, etc to cause someone to behave badly or show negative qualities someone whose job is to speak on radio or television programmes to decide that a planned event will not happen a series of organised activities or events intended to achieve a result to invite someone to compete in a game or fight to invite someone to compete in a game or fight
I listen to audio books while I'm driving. You get an automatic promotion after two years. a balding man Scan the bar code. A successful journalist knows how to get the best out of somebody. She bit into an apple. Do you know anyone whos broken off an engagement? Where is my briefcase? He can bring out the worst in people. He was a famous broadcaster in the 1930s. When was the last time you had to call off a meeting? an advertising/election campaign He challenged me to an arm wrestle. He challenged Smith to a fight.
Unit 11
to suddenly stop talking, usually because you What do you do when the person you're are embarrassed or nervous interviewing just clams up. to suddenly stop talking, usually because you He was afraid he would clam up in front of are embarrassed or nervous the television camera. to make a person or place clean and tidy She decides what day and time we should meet to clean up the area.
Unit 11
clam up clean up
Unit 11
Unit 11
climb down close down combine come down complain consumer correspondent corruption current affairs cut down on demonstrate down down enter fidget fingernail
phrasal verb phrasal verb verb phrasal verb verb noun noun noun noun phrasal verb verb adjective verb verb verb noun
B2 B2 B2 A1 B1 B2
C1
to change your opinion or admit that you are We climbed down the mountain. wrong If a business or organization closes down, or After a lot of problems with the bank, we if someone or something closes it down, it had to close down the factory. stops operating. I don't know how she combines working to do two or more activities at the same time with studying. I like the way the sunlight comes down to fall and land on the ground through the clouds. to say that something is wrong or that you She complained that she hadnt had lunch. are annoyed about something These price cuts are good news for someone who buys or uses goods or services consumers. someone who reports news for newspapers, television, or radio, usually from another a correspondent for the New York Times country dishonest or immoral behaviour, usually by He was arrested for corruption and bribery. people in positions of power important political or social events which are a current affairs programme happening in the world at the present time
Unit 11
Unit 11
Unit 11
Unit 11
Unit 11
B2 C2 B2
to start eating less of something that is bad for your health to express or show that you have a feeling, quality, or ability sad to drink something quickly
To improve my health, Ive decided to cut down on less salty and fatty food. He has demonstrated a genuine interest in the project. You look a bit down today. Are you OK? Brenda quickly downed her coffee and ran out of the office. I entered the teaching profession in my forties. She fidgeted all the way through the job interview. She has very long fingernails.
B1
to start working in a particular job to keep making small movements with your hands or feet because you are nervous or bored the hard, thin part on the top of the end of your finger
Unit 11
B2
Unit 11
forearm get someone talking go off good lord hairpiece half handle incompetent item jocular joy kick off logo manipulate
noun phrase phrasal verb phrase noun noun verb adjective noun adjective noun phrasal verb noun verb B2 C1 B1 B1 A2 B1 B2 B2
the lower part of your arm between your hand and your elbow (=the place where it bends) to make people want to speak
He had a large tattoo on his forearm. To be a successful journalist, you need to be able to get people talking. An alarm clock went off in the candidates briefcase.
Unit 11
If something that makes a noise goes off, it suddenly starts making a noise. something you say when you are surprised or Good lord! Is that the time? angry an artificial covering of hair used to hide an area of the head where there is no hair one of two equal parts of something; 1 2 ;
Do you think he wears a hairpiece? Just under half of them buy their lunches from our shop. He knows how to handle people.
Unit 11
to deal with something not able to do your job, or things that you are incompetent managers expected to do, successfully a single thing in a group of things or on a list the last item on the list funny or intended to make someone laugh something or someone that makes you feel very happy When a football match or other event kicks off, it starts. a design or symbol used by a company to advertise its products to control someone or something in a clever way so that they do what you want them to do to (cause different substances to) combine, so that the result cannot easily be separated into its parts a jocular comment
She's a joy to work with. What time do football matches in your country usually kick off? a corporate logo He knows how to manipulate people to get his won way. The bottle-makers crush the ingredients to a powder and mix them up.
Unit 11
mix
verb
B2
Unit 11
moped
noun
nearly nearly all obtain over persistent
adverb phrase verb preposition adjective
A2 A2 B2 A2 C2
personnel pirate procedure proceed to (do sth) put someone at ease put someone on edge quarter refuse renew repetitive
noun noun noun verb phrase phrase noun verb verb adjective
C1 B1 B2 C2 B2 C2 A2 B1 B2 C1
a small motorcycle which also has pedalsparts which you press with your feet to She gets around town on a moped. move forward which can be used when starting it or travelling up a hill Nearly all of them said theyd be interested almost in buying from us. Nearly all the sandwiches we make have all except a very small number of meat in them. to get something to obtain permission more than a particular amount, number, or Just over 150 people were surveyed age including 40 from local businesses. A persistent person continues to do something although other people do not He can be very persistent sometimes. want them to. the department of an organisation that deals with finding people to work there, keeping I need to speak to someone in Personnel. records about them, etc someone who attacks ships and steals from They were attacked by pirates. them The company has new procedures for the official or usual way of doing something dealing with complaints. to do something after you have done She sat down and proceeded to tell me her something else life story. The first question an interviewer asks to make someone start to feel relaxed should put them at ease. If you put somebody on edge, they won't be to make someone feel nervous able to. Three quarters of local people said they one of four equal parts of something; 1 4 need cakes for special occasions. to say that you will not do or accept They refused my job application. something to arrange to continue an official agreement I've decided not to renew my golf club that was going to end soon membership this year. doing or saying the same thing several times, a repetitive job especially in a way that is boring
Unit 11
Unit 11
Unit 11
resignation
noun
C2
rsum
noun phrasal verb phrase phrasal verb phrasal verb verb phrasal verb noun phrasal verb verb verb adjective noun verb phrasal verb
B1
round off run up/down set up slow down snap switch off symphony take up
A1 B1 B2
when someone tells their employer that they are leaving their job a document which describes your qualifications and the jobs that you have done, which you send to an employer that you want to work for to complete an event or activity in a pleasant way to move on your feet at a faster speed than walking to arrange for an event or activity to happen to become slower or to make something become slower to take a photograph of someone or something to turn off a light, television, etc by using a switch a long piece of music for an orchestra (=large group of different musicians) how much people start to use or accept a service, or sometimes a product, that has become available to them to do a type of dance in which the rhythm is kept by the noise of the dancer's shoes on the floor to put a design on someone's skin using ink and a needle excellent someone whose job is to treat a particular type of mental or physical illness
a letter of resignation
Unit 11
She asked to see my rsum. Do you like to round off a big meal with a coffee or something sweet? He ran up the stairs. As a mediator, you set up and guide the discussion at all times. I dont understand what youre saying. Please slow down. Photographers snapped the Princess everywhere she went. Do you ever switch off your phone? When? They played Beethoven's fifth symphony. I took up sailing when I was living in Brazil.
Unit 11
B1
B1
Unit 11
tap dance tattoo terrific therapist threaten tone down
He started tap dancing around the office. He had an angel tattooed on his arm. a terrific opportunity a speech therapist He threatened to take legal action against the newspaper. How about if we ask LogoForum to tone down the colours a little?
Unit 11
B1
B2
to be likely to cause harm or damage to something or someone to make something less forceful
Unit 11 Unit 11
transpose turn down turn off turn up under up up use up victim whereby access acupuncture allocate antibiotic application appointment approve
verb phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb preposition adjective verb phrasal verb noun adverb noun noun verb noun noun noun verb C1 C2 B1 A2 B1 B2 B2 C2 B1 B2 A2 B1 A2 B1
to use something in a different situation to refuse an offer or request
I was able to transpose my skills to the new job. I had to turn down their dinner invitation.
Unit 11 Unit 11
to move the switch on a machine, light, etc so that it stops working, or to stop the supply of He turned off his alarm clock. water, electricity, etc to increase the level of sound or heat that a Will you turn up the TV? I cant hear. machine produces Just under half of them buy their lunches less than a number, amount, or age from our shop. not in bed I was up all night writing an essay. The news of the take over upped the to make something increase companys share price by 6%. Ive used up all the milk. Can you buy some to finish a supply of something more? someone who has suffered the effects of victims of crime violence, illness, or bad luck They've introduced a system whereby by which people share cars. when you have the right or opportunity to Are patients given access to their own use or see something medical records? a way of treating pain or illness by putting thin needles into different parts of the body to give some time, money, space, etc to be used for a particular purpose a medicine which cures infections by destroying harmful bacteria an official request for a job a time you have arranged to meet someone or go somewhere to allow or officially agree to something Acupuncture is considered to be an alternative medicine. The government has promised to allocate extra money for health care. Im going to give you a couple of prescriptions. One of thems an antibiotic, the others a painkiller. There were more than fifty applications for the post. How easy is it to make an appointment at a clinic or with a doctor? The council has approved plans for a new shopping centre.
Unit 11
Unit 12
Unit 12
Unit 12
arnica as you know associate attribute (sth) to (sth) awe
noun phrase verb phrasal verb noun B1 B2 B2 C2
a substance used to treat minor injuries such He gave me arnica for the bruising. as bruises used to emphasize that someone does know what you are referring to to relate two things, people, etc in your mind As you know, money was recently allocated for improvements to the caf. Most people associate this brand with good quality.
Unit 12
Unit 12
to say that something is caused by something He attributes his success to hard work. else I was filled with awe at the sheer size of the a feeling of great respect and sometimes fear building. a type of dancing where a man and a woman I love ballroom dancing. dance together using special steps and music
ballroom dancing noun believe believe in verb A2 B1
Unit 12
phrasal verb phrasal brighten (sth) up verb cancer check-up childish chilly coffee machine noun noun adjective adjective noun
B1
B2 C1
to think something, without being completely sure to be confident that something is effective and right to make something more colourful and attractive a serious disease that is caused when cells in the body grow in a way that is uncontrolled and not normal a general medical examination to see if you are healthy Childish behaviour is silly, like that of a small child. unpleasantly cold a machine from which you can buy coffee and other hot drinks by putting coins into it the feelings or ideas that words or actions give in addition to their usual meanings
We believe that the money should be spent in four areas. Not everyone believes in homeopathy. We could brighten up the caf with some flowers. breast/lung cancer Are people encouraged to regular checkups? Don't be so childish! a chilly evening I need some coins for the coffee machine. The word 'second-hand' has connotations of poor quality. You can't come without your parents' consent.
Unit 12
connotation consent
noun noun C1
Unit 12
permission for someone to do something
Unit 12
consideration constantly convenience conventional critic cure deceive democratic dilute discuss something openly disease distinction divide downside entitled to ethical experience fairly
noun adverb noun adjective noun verb verb adjective verb phrase noun noun verb noun phrasal verb adjective noun adverb
B2 B2 B2 B2 C1 B1 B2 B2
when you think about something very carefully all the time or often when something is convenient traditional and ordinary someone who says that they do not approve of someone or something to make someone with an illness healthy again to make someone believe something that is not true where everyone has equal rights and can help to make decisions to make a liquid thinner or weaker by adding water or another liquid to it to talk about something in a direct and honest way
We hope that our proposals will be given serious consideration. The present machine breaks down constantly. We look forward to discussing them further at a time of your convenience. conventional farming/medicine an outspoken critic of the government Getting a better chair completely cured my back problems. The company deceived customers by selling old computers as new ones. a democratic discussion/debate You need to dilute this before you drink it. Do doctors discuss medical treatments openly with their patients? heart disease the distinction between spoken and written language I'll divide you into three groups. The downside of living in a city is all the pollution. I feel were entitled to a 50% refund of the cost. The book raises some serious ethical questions. My experience is that rights and responsibilities go hand in hand. a fairly big family
Unit 12
B1 B2 B1 C1 B2 C2 B1 B1
an illness caused by an infection or by a failure of health and not by an accident a difference between two similar things to make things or people separate into parts or groups the disadvantage of a situation If you are entitled to something, you have a right to have or do it. relating to what is right or wrong knowledge that you get from doing a job, or from doing, seeing, or feeling something more than average, but less than very
Unit 12 Unit 12
fatal fatigue feel free of charge further
adjective noun verb phrase adverb
B2 B1 B1 B2
A fatal accident or illness causes death. when you feel very tired to think something or have an opinion costing nothing far: at or to a place or time that is a longer distance away If two things go hand in hand, they exist together and are connected with each other. help or advice to repeat something to someone a lot of times until they remember it to make a person healthy again when you make regular payments to an insurance company in exchange for that company paying most or all of the costs of your medical care Health-conscious people try to keep themselves healthy. to help someone, especially by giving them money or working for them when someone is considered by most people to be important and a lot of respect and admiration is felt for them to have power or a very strong influence Homeopathic medicines use extremely small amounts of natural substances to treat illnesses. a way of treating illnesses using very small amounts of natural substances a search for something or someone
a fatal car crash She was suffering from fatigue. We do not feel that there is any need for new tables and chairs. Are medicines free of charge? Further into the future, we could very well have a country-wide transport system of small electric cars. Prosperity goes hand in hand with investment. Students make choices about their future, with the guidance of their teachers. We try to hammer it into the children to take care crossing the road. traditional methods of healing Does everyone have health insurance? I think the people here are quite healthconscious. Are families expected to help out with patient care? Would you say that doctors and nurses have a high status? Fundamentalist beliefs hold sway over whole districts. homeopathic medicine/remedies Some people consider homeopathy to be no better than a sugar pill. a job hunt
go hand in hand
phrase
C1
Unit 12
guidance hammer (sth) into (sb) heal
noun phrasal verb verb
B2
Unit 12
Unit 12 Unit 12
B2 B2
health insurance noun
Unit 12
health-conscious adjective help out high status hold sway homeopathic homeopathy hunt phrasal verb phrase phrase adjective noun noun C1 B2
Unit 12 Unit 12
Unit 12
Unit 12
Unit 12
Unit 12 Unit 12
hypnosis illness illness impose in part independently injection make malaria manner
noun noun noun verb phrase adverb noun verb noun noun B2 B2 C2 A2 B1 B1 C1
a mental state like sleep, in which a person's Police placed witnesses under hypnosis in thoughts can be easily influenced by an effort to gain additional information. someone else Unfortunately I couldn't go because of a disease of the body or mind illness. a disease of the body or mind a serious/terminal illness to officially order that a rule, tax, to impose a ban/tax punishment, etc will happen partly He is in part to blame for the accident. Theyre expected to work independently. when someone puts a drug into your body using a needle to produce or create something a serious disease that you can get in hot countries if a mosquito (=small insect) bites you the way in which a person talks and behaves with other people an insulin injection How easy is it to make an appointment at a clinic or with a doctor? Many people died of malaria. Do doctors tend to have a formal or informal manner towards patients?
Unit 12
Unit 12
Unit 12
massage
noun
the activity of rubbing or pressing parts of someone's body in order to make them relax to have a massage or to stop their muscles hurting A2 Do you know if youre allergic to any medicine? Some see homeopathy as no better than a having no more qualities or advantages than sugar pill. to give or provide something That kind of medicine offers no benefit. Id reject the first on the grounds that it for the reason that could be too cold. If you are opposed to a plan or activity, you disagree with it and want to stop it or change We're opposed to any tax increases. it a substance used to cure an illness or injury
Unit 12
medicine no better than offer on the grounds that
noun phrase verb phrase
B1 B2 C1
opposed to (sth) phrase
Unit 12
painkiller physiotherapy pill
noun noun noun B1
a drug which reduces pain treatment for illness or injury in which you practise moving parts of your body a small, hard piece of medicine that you swallow
Im going to give you a couple of prescriptions. One of thems an antibiotic, the others a painkiller.
Unit 12
Unit 12
a vitamin pill
Unit 12
placebo
noun
a substance that is not a medicine but which a patient takes, thinking it is a medicine. The purpose of a placebo is either to make a The placebo effect is far more powerful than patient feel better because they think they most people realise. have been treated, or to compare the effect of no medicine with the effect of medicine when it is given to other patients. B2 a set of ideas or a plan of what to do in particular situations that has been agreed by foreign policy a government, business, etc There have been a number of articles possibly criticising homeopathic remedies as potentially lethal. to say what medical treatment someone Painkillers are the most common drugs needs prescribed by doctors in Britain. when you stop something from happening or the prevention of disease stop someone from doing something a basic idea or rule which explains how something happens or works a fact or a piece of information that shows something exists or is true a suggestion for a plan to suggest a plan or action The organisation works on the principle that all members have the same rights. Theres no proof that it works. We hope that our proposals will be given serious consideration. We also propose that the company buy several poster-size prints to brighten up the walls even more.
Unit 12
policy
noun
Unit 12
potentially prescribe prevention
adverb verb verb
B2 C2 B2
Unit 12
Unit 12
Unit 12
principle proof proposal propose
noun noun noun verb
B2 B2 B2 B2
Unit 12
Unit 12 Unit 12
Unit 12
publicly purchase reasonably reject relief
adverb verb adverb verb noun
C2 B2 B1 B2 B2
If you do something publicly, everyone can see it, hear it, or know about it. to buy something in a fair way, showing good judgment to refuse to accept or agree with something the good feeling that you have when something unpleasant stops or does not happen something that makes you better when you are ill to fix something that is broken or damaged when someone studies a subject in detail in order to discover new information to move a substance backwards and forwards over a surface so that it covers it and goes into it to decide or state that something is impossible or will not happen, or that something or someone is not suitable to decide or state that something is impossible or will not happen, or that something or someone is not suitable relating to the countryside and not to towns
I would like to see homeopaths debating publicly with their critics. Tickets must be purchased two weeks in advance. Bright, modern, reasonably priced events marquee. The United States government rejected the proposal. It'll be such a relief when these exams are over. I bought a natural remedy at the chemists, but it doesnt seem to be having any effect. I must get my bike repaired. Research suggests that people learn in different ways. Rub the cream into your skin.
Unit 12
remedy repair research
noun verb noun
B2 A2 B1
Unit 12
Unit 12
Unit 12
rub
verb phrasal verb phrasal verb adjective phrase adjective
B2
Unit 12
rule (sth) out
We've ruled out several dates already. Id rule it out since it might not involve everyone equally. a rural area
Unit 12
rule out rural scientific basis serious
C2 B2 B2 B2
Unit 12
Unit 12
If something has no scientific basis, according to science it is not true or does not It has no scientific basis. exist. thinking or speaking sincerely about We hope that our proposals will be given something and not joking serious consideration.
Unit 12
Unit 12
shamefully
adverb
C1
in a way that is bad and should make you feel The children were shamefully neglected. embarrassed and guilty another effect that a drug has on your body in addition to the main effect for which the doctor has given you the drug because a solid, liquid, or gas to make something seem likely to be true to describe briefly the main facts or ideas of something Headaches are one side effect of this drug. Id rule it out since it might not involve everyone equally. a dangerous substance Research suggests that people learn in different ways. The purpose of this proposal is to summarise the reaction of the staff to your ideas. Surgery should be considered as a last resort. What exactly are your symptoms? Well, just a really painful sore throat.
Unit 12
side effect
noun conjunctio n noun verb verb noun noun noun
C1
Unit 12
since substance suggest summarise surgery symptom tax
B1 B2 B2 B2 B2 B2 B1
Unit 12
when a doctor cuts your body open and repairs or removes something a physical feeling or problem which shows that you have a particular illness money that you have to pay to the government from what you earn or when you They're putting up the tax on cigarettes. buy things a structure made of metal poles and cloth which is fixed to the ground with ropes and used as a cover or to sleep under very carefully
Unit 12 Unit 12
Unit 12
tent
noun
B1
It only took twenty minutes to put the tent up (=make it ready to use). Homeopathy has been tested thoroughly.
Unit 12
thoroughly treat
adverb verb
B2 B2
Unit 12 Unit 12
to give medical care to someone for an illness Do hospitals treat people immediately or or injury are there waiting lists? something which you do to try to cure an illness or injury, especially something suggested or done by a doctor used many times before and proved to be successful Does your health insurance cover every kind of treatment? Its a tried and tested team-building activity for adults.
treatment
noun
B2
Unit 12
tried and tested
phrase
Unit 12
understand
verb
A2
vaccination
noun
C2
to know the meaning of something that someone says when someone is given a vaccine (= substance put into the body through the skin with a needle) to stop them from getting a disease a substance that is given to people to stop them from getting a particular disease when a group of people meet to learn more about something by discussing it and doing practical exercises not important or useful completely to agree to take something that is offered to you to decide something with someone one of two or more things that you can choose between in any way used to give another reason for something If a system, relationship, or discussion breaks down, it fails because there is a problem or disagreement. to take someone with you a house that has all its rooms on the ground floor to ask someone to come somewhere to reduce the bad effect of something, or make something bad become something good
As we understand it, the Board has three main suggestions. All the children have received two vaccinations against measles.
Unit 12
Unit 12
vaccine
noun
C2
a flu vaccine
Unit 12
workshop worthless absolutely accept agree alternative (noun) at all besides break down bring along bungalow call (verb) compensate
noun adjective adverb verb verb noun phrase adverb phrasal verb phrasal verb noun verb verb
C1 C1 B1 B1 B1 B2 B1 B1 B1 A2
a workshop on crime prevention He made me feel stupid and worthless. The plot was absolutely ridiculous. I don't think we can accept that. Im afraid we cant agree to cancel the entire cost. It's a low-fat alternative to butter. Sorry but we dont understand that at all. We just dont have the room. And besides, its not just you. The relationship between the neighbours broke down completely. We invite each participant to bring along a supporter. They live in a bungalow. We called a meeting. We believe we should be compensated for our losses.
Unit 13
B2 C2
compensate complete compromise (noun) confusion corridor cul-de-sac definitely depend on dining room donor entitle ethnicity face up to far fundraising gather generous go away
verb adjective noun noun noun noun adverb phrasal verb noun noun verb noun phrasal verb adverb noun verb adjective phrasal verb
C1 B1 B2 B2 B2
to pay someone money because you are responsible for injuring them or damaging something used to emphasize what you are saying when you agree to something which is not exactly what you want when you think that one person or thing is another a passage in a building or train with rooms on one or both sides a short road with houses which is blocked at one end without any doubt If one thing depends on another, the first thing is affected by the second thing. a room in which meals are eaten someone who gives money or goods to a person or organisation that needs help to give someone the right to do or have something Someone's ethnicity is what race or culture they are from. to start to accept that a difficult situation exists very much when you collect money for a particular purpose to think something is true because you have heard or seen information about it giving other people a lot of money, presents, or time in a kind way to disappear
Victims of the crash will be compensated for their injuries. It was complete rubbish. They talked it over and came up with a compromise. There was confusion over which baby was which. We passed in the corridor. Their house is in a cul-de-sac. Thats definitely the best price we can manage. That depends on what we agree. We had dinner in the dining room. Ten thousand dollars was given by an anonymous donor. I'm entitled to apply for citizenship. Ideally, the group should be made up of many different ethnicities. They have to face up to reality and be ready to compromise Its a far bigger order than usual. a fundraising event I gather youd like to work out some compensation. a very generous man They hoped the problem would go away.
B1 B1 A1 C2 B2
B2 B2
C1 B1 B1
happy have a word hollow implement in any case in that case keep keep an appointment keep my fingers crossed legal action load massive motivate oat
adjective phrase adjective verb phrase phrase verb phrase
A2 B2 C2 B2 B2 B2 A2 B2
satisfied and not worried to have a short conversation with someone about a particular subject, usually with no one else present having a hole or empty space inside to make a law, system, plan, etc start to happen or operate used to give another reason for something that you are saying, or that you have done because of the mentioned situation to have something permanently or for the whole of a period of time to go to a meeting or event that has been arranged to hope that things will happen in the way that you want them to, sometimes putting one finger over another to bring good luck the process of going to court so that a decision can be made officially by law
How can we solve this problem and keep everyone happy.
Unit 13
Unit 13
a hollow shell/tube Our new computerised system will soon be fully implemented. In any case, that room's too small. Well, in that case, Ive got another idea. How can we solve this problem and keep everyone happy. I always keep my appointments. I always keep my fingers crossed when my flight takes off. They came up with a compromise so there was no need for legal action. I printed a load of leaflets. a massive building Teaching is all about motivating people to learn. oat biscuits If you are really unhappy with the service you could make an official complaint.
Unit 13 Unit 13
Unit 13
phrase
C2
Unit 13
phrase noun adjective verb noun B2 B1 B2 C1
A load of something is a lot of that thing. very big to make someone enthusiastic about doing something a type of grain that people eat or feed to animals when someone tells a person in authority that something is wrong or not satisfactory
official complaint phrase
Unit 13
on earth
phrase
used for adding emphasis to questions, often How on earth did she manage that? when the speaker is surprised or angry
Unit 13
open mind opinion overcome participant passion pave over photocopy
phrase noun verb noun noun phrasal verb verb
B2 B1 B2 C1 C1
If someone has an open mind, they consider ideas and opinions that are new or different to their own. a thought or belief about something or someone
When it comes to politics, I try to keep an open mind.
Unit 13
She spoke to everyone involved and got their opinion. He's trying to overcome his drug addiction to deal with and control a problem or feeling and find a job. All participants finishing the race will someone who is involved in an activity receive a medal. when you like something very much a passion for football to cover a path or road with flat stones, They want the whole area paved over. bricks, concrete, etc to make a copy of a document with a machine which produces copies of I need to photocopy some papers. documents using light and electricity a collection of designs, pictures, documents, etc that represents a person's work, or the large, flat container that it is carried in He showed us his portfolio.
Unit 13
portfolio
noun phrasal verb conjunctio n phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb noun noun B2
Unit 13
prepared to provided put on
B2 B2 A2
willing to only if to make a device operate, or to cause a device to play something, such as a CD or video, by pressing a switch to accept unpleasant behaviour or an unpleasant situation, although you do not like it to accept unpleasant or annoying behaviour although you do not like it the amount of money that you pay to rent something the opinion that people have about someone or something based on their behaviour or character in the past
Were prepared to add an extra $250. Wed be willing to come here again provided we can sort out this problem. Do you mind if I put the television on?
Unit 13 Unit 13
Unit 13
put up with put up with (sb) rental reputation
B2 B2
They simply put up with the problem. I don't know how she puts up with him. The price includes flights and car rental. Both hotels have a good reputation.
Unit 13
Unit 13 Unit 13
Unit 13
sci-fi secret session shadow single sort out
noun noun noun noun adjective phrasal verb B1 B1 B1 B1 B2
science fiction He's a big sci-fi fan. something that you tell no one about or only I know how to keep a secret. a few people a period during which you do one activity a dark area made by something that is stopping the light considered on its own; separate from other things to deal satisfactorily or successfully with a problem, a situation, or a person who is having difficulties to arrange for a lawyer to tell you what the law states or how you should behave according to the law to discuss something with someone, often to find out their opinion or to get advice before making a decision very to discuss a plan or problem in detail until you reach an agreement or find a solution a weekly aerobics session The tree had cast (=made) a long shadow. She got top marks in every single subject. If people havent sorted out their differences after two hours, then theyre not going to. They weren't sure about their rights so they decided to take legal advice. They talked it over and came up with a compromise. She must be terribly happy about it. We sat round the table and thrashed it out. a sore throat pack of tobacco It was a total waste of time. He was visibly upset. Wed be willing to come here again provided we can sort out this problem. What do you hope to have achieved after six months in the job? a financial advisor a detailed analysis
Unit 13
take legal advice phrase talk something over terribly thrash (sth) out throat tobacco total visibly willing achieve advisor analysis phrasal verb adverb phrasal verb noun noun adjective adverb adjective verb noun noun
B2
Unit 13
B2 B1
B1 C1 B2 C2 B1 B1 C1 B2
the back part of your mouth and the passages inside your neck dried leaves that are inside cigarettes extreme or complete in a way that can be seen wanting to do something to succeed in doing something good, usually by working hard someone whose job is to give advice about a subject the process of examining the details of something carefully
android
noun
a robot machine controlled by computer which is made to look like a human B1 B2 B2 C1 B2 B2 C2 B2 B2 B2 B2 B2 B2 C2 B2 to request something, usually officially, especially by writing or sending in a form to feel grateful for something suitable or right for a particular situation or person to start to happen or exist to help help a quality or characteristic that someone or something has a situation, fact, or idea from which something can develop soon a very popular book that many people have bought always telling other people what to do a wire covered by plastic that carries electricity, telephone signals, etc
We watched a movie about androids. What are your reasons for applying for this position? We very much appreciated the efforts you made. Is this film appropriate for young children? I'll let you know if any vacancies arise. The army assisted in the search. financial/medical assistance What skills or attributes does he need in his work? I tend to respond to things on a day-to-day basis. He'll be home before long. Her books became bestsellers. My sister's really bossy. overhead power cables
Unit 14
apply appreciate appropriate arise assist assistance attribute basis before long bestseller bossy cable candidate circuit circumstances
verb verb adjective verb verb noun noun noun phrase noun adjective noun noun noun noun
Unit 14
Interviewers sometimes observe candidates one of the people taking part in an election or having group discussions, to see how they trying to get a job interact. a complete circle that an electric current an electrical circuit travels around facts or events that make a situation the way I usually react to circumstances and tend to it is respond to things spontaneously. the natural ability to be practical and to make good decisions able to used computers well The children shouldn't be in any danger as long as they use their common sense. You need to be computer literate in this job.
Unit 14
Unit 14
Unit 14
common sense
noun
B1
Unit 14
computer literate adjective
Unit 14
confidentiality contact contact details contact lens contribute
noun verb phrase noun verb
C1 A2 A2
when things must be kept secret, especially in an official situation when you communicate with someone, especially by speaking to them your telephone number, email address, etc. that people can use to talk or write to you a small piece of plastic that you put on your eye to make you see more clearly to give something or do something in order to achieve something together with other people something that you do to help produce or develop something, or to help make something successful a letter that you send with something to explain what it is or to give more information about it a symbol on a computer screen which shows the place where you are working a document which describes your qualifications and the jobs you have done, which you send to an employer that you want to work for happening every day as a regular part of your job or your life to make something look more attractive by putting things on it or around it If something is desirable, it is very good or attractive and most people would want it.
We expect total confidentiality. We will certainly contact you if any suitable vacancies arise in the future. We have your contact details and we will to get in touch if we require your assistance. I wear contact lenses. Do come to the meeting if you feel you have something to contribute. What contributions will you make to good staff relations? To get to the interview stage, you really need to sell yourself in your CV and covering letter. Put the cursor at the beginning of the word. To get to the interview stage, you really need to sell yourself in your CV and covering letter. I tend to respond to things on a day-to-day basis. They decorated the room with balloons for her party. A good education is highly desirable.
Unit 14 Unit 14
Unit 14
Unit 14
B2
Unit 14
contribution
noun
B2
Unit 14
covering letter cursor
noun noun B2
Unit 14
Unit 14
CV
noun
B1
Unit 14
day-to-day decorate
adjective verb B1
Unit 14
Unit 14
desirable dial double-glazing
adjective verb noun
B2 B1
Unit 14
to make a telephone call to a particular Dial 0 for the operator. number windows that have two layers of glass to keep Does the house have double glazing? a building warm or quiet
Unit 14 Unit 14
draw on (sth) dump earpiece electrify electrode enquire external eye contact file
phrasal verb verb noun verb noun verb adjective noun noun
C1 C2
to use your knowledge or experience of something to help you do something to suddenly end a romantic relationship the part of a telephone that you hold near to your ear to supply something with electricity a small object through which an electric current enters or leaves something to ask someone for information about something relating to the outside part of something If two people make eye contact, they look at each other at the same time.
This position will draw on all your skills. Why don't you just dump him? He tapped the earpiece. an electrified railway They attached electrodes to his head. Are you staying long? she enquired. the external walls of the house He refused to make eye contact with me. Would you mind if we keep your records on file? The police found fingerprints all over the murder weapon. Further into the future, we could very well have a country-wide transport system of small electric cars. I work as a futurologist. a mountain bike with 21 gears We have your contact details and we will get in touch if we require your assistance. Steve never studies, but he always gets good grades. New graduates should usually have some internship experience.
B2 B2
A2
a collection of information and documents about someone or something the mark made on something by the pattern of curved lines on the end of someone's finger
Unit 14
fingerprint
noun
Unit 14
future futurologist gear
noun noun noun
B1
the time which is to come someone who studies the future
B2
a set of parts in a motor vehicle or bicycle that control how fast the wheels turn to communicate with someone by telephoning them, writing, etc. a number or letter that shows how good someone's work or performance is someone who has studied for and received a degree (=qualification) from a university
get in touch grade graduate
phrase noun noun
B1 B1 B2
Unit 14
Unit 14
Unit 14
gratitude handle (+_ing) handshake high-definition
noun verb noun adjective B1
the feeling or quality of being grateful to deal with something
Wed like to express our gratitude for the efforts you made. How will you handle living in a closed community?
Unit 14 Unit 14
human resources noun
the action of taking someone's right hand and shaking it when you meet or leave each He had a firm handshake. other using technology that provides very clear, a high-definition lens detailed images the department of an organisation that deals with finding new people to work there, keeping records about all the organisation's She works in human resources. employees, and helping them with any problems B2 B1 C1 B1 B2 in the correct position a unit for measuring length, equal to 2.54 centimetres the ability to understand what something is really like, or an example of this to want and plan to do something the inside part of something a period of time spent doing a job as part of becoming qualified to do it a meeting in which someone asks you questions to see if you are suitable for a job or course something that makes something start to happen a strong beam of light that has medical and technical uses the period of time that someone is alive continuing a long time into the future I tend to make sure everything's in place. The snow was 6 inches deep in some places. The book provides a fascinating insight into the world of art. What do you intend to do after this job? the grand interior of the hotel New graduates should usually have some internship experience. To get to the interview stage, you really need to sell yourself in your CV and covering letter. I will do my homework - I just need a little kickstart. a laser beam I can't see it happening within my lifetime. long-term unemployment
Unit 14
Unit 14
Unit 14
in place inch insight intend interior internship interview kickstart laser lifetime long term
phrase noun noun verb noun noun noun noun noun noun adjective
Unit 14 Unit 14
Unit 14
B1
Unit 14
B2 B2 B2
looking ahead note objective obsolete offensive opportunity overhear people skills pixel plan ahead position
phrasal verb noun noun adjective adjective noun verb phrase noun phrasal verb noun
C2 C1 B2 C1 B2 B1 C2
thinking about and planning for what will happen in the future words that you write down to help you remember something something that you are trying to achieve not used now likely to make people angry or upset a situation in which it is possible for you to do something, or a possibility of doing something to hear what someone is saying when they are not talking to you the ability to deal well with people and form good relationships with them, especially at work a small point that forms part of the image on a computer screen to decide what you are going to do in advance a job a chance that something may happen or be true to say what you think will happen in the future before a particular time or event to make something last longer to advertise something
Unit 14
I have made a note of your telephone number. CVs usually include a main objective, details of experience and references. obsolete equipment an offensive remark We were pleased to have the opportunity to discuss your qualifications and expectations. I overheard him telling her he was leaving. You must be able to work independently and have strong organisational and people skills. The image is formed of thousands of pixels. I like to plan ahead because then I have a long time to look forward to things What are your reasons for applying for this position? Theres also the possibility that thought recognition could allow you to just think a number instead of dialling it. I predict that mobile phones will become obsolete by 2020. three weeks prior to her death Eating a good diet can prolong your life. The band is promoting their new album.
Unit 14
Unit 14
Unit 14
B1 B2
Unit 14
Unit 14
possibility
noun
B1
Unit 14
predict prior to prolong promote
verb phrase verb verb
B1 C1 C1 B2
prototype quote rail react
noun noun noun verb C2 C2 B2
the first model or example of something new a prototype for a new car that can be developed or copied in the future a document or a statement saying how much We got three quotes for the work. a piece of work will cost the metal tracks that trains run on The train travels along the rails. to say, do, or feel something because of something else that has been said or done information that is written on paper or stored on computer so that it can be used in the future a letter that is written by someone who knows you, to say if you are suitable for a job or course never stopping or getting any less extreme C2 a building where someone lives I usually react to circumstances and tend to respond to things spontaneously. Would you mind if we keep your records on file? CVs usually include a main objective, details of experience and references. relentless criticism the Queen's official residence
Unit 14
record
noun
B2
Unit 14
reference relentless residence retina
noun adjective noun noun
B2
Unit 14
a part at the back of the eye, which is affected a damaged retina by light and sends messages to the brain C2 a bad situation where you do the same things all the time, or where it is impossible to I need to get out of this rut. make progress Usually people dont ask about salary and a fixed amount of money that you receive but its discussed later when they offer you from your employer, usually every month something. lasting a short time short-term memory the activity of sliding over snow and ice on a long platform with strips of wood or metal Free time activities include dog sledding. under it a device that changes energy from the sun We installed solar panels in our house. into electricity energy that comes from the sun We want to use more solar power. doing things suddenly and without planning I tend to be quite spontaneous. them
rut
noun
Unit 14
salary short term sledding solar panel solar power spontaneous
noun adjective noun noun noun adjective
B1 B2
spontaneously
adverb If you do something on the spur of the moment, you do it suddenly, without planning it. to control the direction of a vehicle a good quality or ability that makes someone or something effective feeling surprise because something has happened that you did not expect television extremely small a general development or change in a situation
I usually react to circumstances and tend to respond to things spontaneously. C2 B2 C1 A2 C1 B1 B1 C1 I usually act on the spur of the moment. I tried to steer the boat away from the bank. What would you say are your greatest strengths? Id be surprised if a prototype isnt available in about five years. What's on the telly tonight? a tiny baby There's a trend towards more locally produced television programmes.
Unit 14
spur steer strength surprised telly tiny trend unspoiled
noun verb noun adjective noun adjective noun adjective
Unit 14
An unspoiled place is beautiful because it has an island with clean, unspoiled beaches not been changed or damaged by people. to copy computer programs or information electronically, usually from a small computer I uploaded some of the images. to a larger one or to the Internet a job that is available for someone to do extremely big something such as a car or bus that takes people from one place to another, especially using roads the American term for covering letter; a letter that you send with something else, to explain what you are sending Tell me if you hear of any vacancies for secretaries. a vast amount of money The driver of the vehicle was unhurt.
Unit 14
upload
verb
B1
Unit 14
vacancy vast vehicle
noun adjective noun
C1 B2 B1
cover letter
noun
I sent the goods with a cover letter.

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Upper Intermediate wordlist with English Profile level description

Unit 09 Unit 04 Unit 10 Unit 11 Unit 06 Unit 05 Unit 13 Unit 08

abstract academic accent accept access accidentally acclaim accompany

adjective adjective noun verb noun adverb noun verb

to happen or exist at the same time as something else

Unit 04 Unit 12 Unit 04

Unit 08 Unit 06 Unit 08 Unit 06 Unit 04

verb noun adjective noun verb verb noun adjective

Unit 14 Unit 05 Unit 01 Unit 05 Unit 13 Unit 08 Unit 10

Unit 02 Unit 06 Unit 01

Unit 01 Unit 01 Unit 01 Unit 01 Unit 01 Unit 01 Unit 14

Unit 04 Unit 10 Unit 11 Unit 06 Unit 07 Unit 09

Unit 07 Unit 05 Unit 04 Unit 02 Unit 11

Unit 07 Unit 14 Unit 12 Unit 04

Unit 09 Unit 14 Unit 11

Unit 06 Unit 04 Unit 05 Unit 04

Unit 08 Unit 06 Unit 10 Unit 13 Unit 11 Unit 06 Unit 07

Unit 04 Unit 05 Unit 14 Unit 12 Unit 11

Unit 11 Unit 04 Unit 07 Unit 10 Unit 05 Unit 12

Unit 01 Unit 11 Unit 03 Unit 12

Unit 11 Unit 04 Unit 01 Unit 02 Unit 03 Unit 14

Unit 04 Unit 03 Unit 10 Unit 02

Unit 14 Unit 12 Unit 12 Unit 03 Unit 09 Unit 10 Unit 10

Unit 13 Unit 11 Unit 14

Unit 09 Unit 08 Unit 10 Unit 01 Unit 11 Unit 02 Unit 08

Unit 06 Unit 11 Unit 03 Unit 04 Unit 11

Unit 02 Unit 05 Unit 12 Unit 13

calmly campaign camper van campus cant cancer

adverb noun noun noun modal verb noun

Unit 02 Unit 11 Unit 03 Unit 03 Unit 08

candidate canopy caramel carefully carelessly carriage carry on case catalogue

Unit 02 Unit 09 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 02 Unit 03 Unit 05

with great attention

noun noun noun verb verb verb verb phrase A1 A2 B2 B1

Unit 02 Unit 09 Unit 11 Unit 11 Unit 05

choice choir chore circle circuit

noun noun noun verb noun

Unit 03 Unit 02 Unit 03 Unit 02 Unit 14 Unit 14

He was killed in the civil war.

Unit 06 Unit 11 Unit 11 Unit 03 Unit 08 Unit 11 Unit 09 Unit 03 Unit 08

climb down close down close down clothing clue

phrasal verb phrasal verb phrasal verb noun noun

Unit 07 Unit 05 Unit 10 Unit 12 Unit 08 Unit 11 Unit 07

come as come back to come down come in come into use

Unit 09 Unit 11 Unit 07 Unit 03

Unit 07 Unit 07 Unit 07 Unit 07 Unit 07

commemorate commercial commitment common common language

Unit 04 Unit 10 Unit 03 Unit 06 Unit 08 Unit 14

compensate complain complaint complete complicated

verb verb noun adjective adjective

contact lens contribute

Unit 02 Unit 07 Unit 08

couldnt coursework cover cover (verb) cover letter

modal verb noun verb verb noun

Unit 08 Unit 03 Unit 04 Unit 03

Unit 10 Unit 09 Unit 13 Unit 12 Unit 10 Unit 11

Unit 03 Unit 14 Unit 06 Unit 03

verb adjective phrase noun noun noun verb adjective verb

Unit 06 Unit 14 Unit 08 Unit 03 Unit 04 Unit 04 Unit 12 Unit 08 Unit 07

detect determination dial

verb noun verb

dialect dialogue differ difficult dig dilute dining room dip

noun noun verb adjective verb verb noun verb