w.e.

f 2009-2010 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY: KAKINADA KAKINADA 533 003

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

M. Tech- I Semester

Specialization: DECS COURSE STRUCTURE Code Core Name of the Subject 1. Digital System Design 2. VLSI Technology & Design 3. Digital Data Communications 4. Detection & Estimation of Signals Elective I 1. Advanced Digital Signal Processing 2. Transform Techniques Elective II 1. Embedded & Real Time Systems 2. Coding Theory & Practice Laboratory 1. HDL Programming Laboratory 4 4 40 60 100 4 8 40 60 100 4 8 40 60 100 L 4 4 4 4 P C 8 8 8 8 INT 40 40 40 40 EXT 60 60 60 60 TOTAL 100 100 100 100

w.e.f 2009-2010 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY: KAKINADA

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

M. Tech- I Semester DIGITAL SYSTEM DESIGN UNIT I DESIGN OF DIGITAL SYSTEMS: ASM charts, Hardware description language and control sequence method, Reduction of state tables, state assignments. UNIT II SEQUENTIAL CIRCUIT DESIGN: design of Iterative circuits, design of sequential circuits using ROMs and PLAs, sequential circuit design using CPLD, FPGAs. UNIT III FAULT MODELING: Fault classes and models Stuck at faults, bridging faults, transition and intermittent faults. TEST GENERATION: Fault diagnosis of Combinational circuits by conventional methods Path Sensitization technique, Boolean difference method, Kohavi algorithm. UNIT IV TEST PATTERN GENERATION: D algorithm, PODEM, Random testing, transition count testing, Signature analysis and testing for bridging faults. UNIT V FAULT DIAGNOSIS IN SEQUENTIAL CIRCUITS: State identification and fault detection experiment. Machine identification, Design of fault detection experiment. UNIT VI PROGRAMMING LOGIC ARRAYS: Design using PLAs, PLA minimization and PLA folding. UNIT VII PLA TESTING: Fault models, Test generation and Testable PLA design. UNIT VIII ASYNCHRONOUS SEQUENTIAL MACHINE: fundamental mode model, flow table, state reduction, minimal closed covers, races, cycles and hazards. TEXT BOOKS: 1. Z. Kohavi Switching & finite Automata Theory (TMH) 2. N. N. Biswas Logic Design Theory (PHI) 3. Nolman Balabanian, Bradley Calson Digital Logic Design Principles Wily Student Edition 2004. REFRENCE BOOKS: 1. M. Abramovici, M. A. Breues, A. D. Friedman Digital System Testing and Testable Design, Jaico Publications 2. Charles H. Roth Jr. Fundamentals of Logic Design. 3. Frederick. J. Hill & Peterson Computer Aided Logic Design Wiley 4th Edition.

w.e.f 2009-2010

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY: KAKINADA

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

M. Tech- I Semester VLSI TECHNOLOGY & DESIGN UNIT I REVIEW OF MICROELECTRONICS AND INTRODUCTION TO MOS TECHNOLOGIES: (MOS, CMOS, Bi CMOS) Technology trends and projections. UNIT II BASIC ELECTRICAL PROPERTIES OF MOS, CMOS & BICOMS CIRCUITS: Ids-Vds relationships, Threshold voltage Vt, Gm, Gds and Wo, Pass Transistor, MOS,CMOS & Bi CMOS Inverters, Zpu/Zpd, MOS Transistor circuit model,Latch-up in CMOS circuits. UNIT III LAYOUT DESIGN AND TOOLS: Transistor structures, Wires and Vias , Scalable Design rules ,Layout Design tools. UNIT IV LOGIC GATES & LAYOUTS: Static complementary gates, switch logic, Alternative gate circuits, low power gates, Resistive and Inductive interconnect delays. UNIT V COMBINATIONAL LOGIC NETWORKS: Layouts, Simulation, Network delay, interconnect design, power optimization, Switch logic networks, Gate and Network testing. UNIT VI SEQUENTIAL SYSTEMS: Memory cells and Arrays, clocking disciplines, Design ,power optimization, Design validation and testing. UNIT VII FLOOR PLANNING & ARCHITECTURE DESIGN: Floor planning methods, off-chip connections, High-level synthesis, Architecture for low power, SOCs and Embedded CPUs, Architecture testing. UNIT VIII INTRODUCTION TO CAD SYSTEMS (ALGORITHMS) AND CHIP DESIGN: Layout Synthesis and Analysis, Scheduling and printing; Hardware/Software Co-design, chip design methodologies- A simpleDesign exampleTEXT BOOKS: 1. Essentials of VLSI Circuits and Systems, K. Eshraghian et . al( 3 authors) PHI of India Ltd.,2005 2. Modern VLSI Design, 3rd Edition, Wayne Wolf ,Pearson Education, fifth Indian Reprint, 2005. REFERENCES: 1. Principals of CMOS Design N.H.E Weste, K.Eshraghian, Adison Wesley, 2nd Edition. 2. Introduction to VLSI Design Fabricius, MGH International Edition, 1990. 3. CMOS Circuit Design, Layout and Simulation Baker, Li Boyce, PHI, 2004. 3

w.e.f 2009-2010 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY: KAKINADA

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

M. Tech- I Semester DIGITAL DATA COMMUNICATIONS UNIT I DIGITAL MODULATION TECHNIQUES: FSK , MSK , BPSK , QPSK , 8-PSK , 16-PSK , 8- QAM , 16- QAM , Band width efficiency carrier recovery DPSK , clock recovery , Probability of error and bit error rate. UNIT II Data Communications ; Serial , Parallel configuration , Topology , Transmission modes , codes , Error Control Synchronization, LCU. UNIT III Serial and Parallel Interfaces , Telephone Networks and Circuits , Data modems. UNIT IV Data Communication Protocols , Character and block Mode ,Asynchronous and Synchronous Protocols, public Data Networks , ISDN. UNIT V LOCAL AREA NETWORKS: token ring, Ethernet, Traditional, Fast and GIGA bit Ethernet, FDDI UNIT VI DIGITAL MULTIPLEXING : TDM , T1 carrier , CCITT , CODECS, COMBO CHIPS , North American Hierarchy , Line Encoding , T-carrier , Frame Synchronization Inter Leaving Statistical TDM FDM , Hierarchy ,Wave Division Multiplexing . UNIT VII WIRELESS LANS IEEE 802.11 Architecture Layers, Addressing, Blue Tooth Architecture Layers, l2 Cap, Other Upper Layers . UNIT VIII MULTI MEDIA Digitalizing Video and Audio Compression Streaming Stored and Live Video and Audio , Real Time Interactive Video and Audio , VOIP TEXT BOOKS 1. Electronic communication systems, fundamentals through advanced - W. TOMASI, Pearson 4th Edition. 2. Data communication and networking - B.A. Forouzen

w.e.f 2009-2010 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY: KAKINADA

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

M. Tech- I Semester DETECTION AND ESTIMATION OF SIGNALS UNIT I Introduction to Discrete-time signals:- Fourier Transform of a discrete time signal. Amplitude and phase spectrum. Frequency content and sampling rates. Transfer function. Frequency response. UNIT II Random Discrete-time signals:- Review of probability Random data Generation of Pseudo-random noise Filtered signals Autocorrelation and power spectral density Sampling band Limited random signals. UNIT III Detection of signals in noise:- Minimum probability of Error Criterion Neyman Person criterion for Radar detection of constant and variable amplitude signals Matched filters. Optimum formulation Detection of Random signals Simple problems thereon with multisample cases. UNIT IV Estimation of signals in noise:- Linear mean squared estimation Non linear estimates MLP and ML estimates Maximum likelihood estimate of parameters of linear system. Simple problems thereon. UNIT V Recursive linear mean squared estimation:- Estimation of a signal parameter. Estimation of time-varying signals Kalman filtering Filtering signals in noise Treatment restricted to two variable case only Simple problems. TEXT BOOKS 1. Signal processing: Discrete Spectral analysis, Detection and Estimation, Mischa Schwartz and Leonard Shaw, Mc-Graw Hill Book Company, 1975. REFERENCES 1. E.L. Van Trees, Detection, Estimation and Modulation Theory, Wiley, New York, 1968. 2. Shanmugam and Breipohl, Detection of signals in noise and estimation, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1985. 3. Srinath, Rajasekaran & Viswanathan, Introduction to statistical Signal processing with Applications, Prentice Hall of India, New Delhi, 110 001,1989.

w.e.f 2009-2010
JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY: KAKINADA
DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

M. Tech- I Semester ADVANCED DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSING(Elective-I) UNIT I DISCRETE FOURIER TRANSFORMS: Properties of DFT, Linear Filtering methods based on the DFT, Overlap-save, Overlap -Add methods, frequency analysis of signals. UNIT II FAST FOURIER TRANSFORMS : Radix-2 FFT and Split- Radix FFT algorithms The Goertzel and Chirp Z transform algorithms UNIT III DESIGN OF IIR FILTERS: Design of IIR filters using Butterworth & Chebyshev approximations, frequency transformation techniques, structures for IIR systems cascade, parallel, lattice & lattice-ladder structures. UNIT IV DESIGN OF FIR FILTERS: Fourier series method, Windowing techniques, design of digital filters based on least squares method, pade approximations, least squares design, wiener filter methods, structures for FIR systems cascade, parallel, lattice & lattice-ladder structures. UNIT V MULTI RATE SIGNAL PROCESSING : Decimation by a factor D, Interpolation by a factor I ,Sampling rate conversion by a rational factor I/D, Filter design & Implementation for sampling rate conversion. UNIT VI POWER SPECTRAL ESTIMATION: Estimation of spectra from finite duration observation of signals, Non-parametric methods :Bartlett ,Welch & Blackmann & Tukey methods. UNIT VII PARAMETRIC METHODS FOR POWER SPECTRUM ESTIMATION: Relation between auto correlation & model parameters, Yule-Waker & Burg Methods, MA & ARMA models for power spectrum estimation. UNIT VIII Analysis of finite wordlength effects in fixed-point DSP systems Fixed ,Floating Point Arhimetic ADC quantization noise & signal quality Finite wordlength effect in IIR digital Filters Finite word-length effects in FFT algorithms. TEXTBOOKS 1. Digital Signal Processing Principles, Algorithms Applications by J.G.Proakis & D.G.Manolokis, PHI. 2. Discrete Time signal processing - Alan V Oppenheim & Ronald W Schaffer, PHI. 3. DSP A Pratical Approach Emmanuel C.Ifeacher Barrie. W. Jervis, Pearson Education. REFERENCES 1. Modern spectral Estimation techniques by S. M .Kay, PHI, 1997

w.e.f 2009-2010 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY: KAKINADA

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

M. Tech- I Semester EMBEDDED AND REAL TIME SYSTEMS ( Elective II ) UNIT I: INTRODUCTION Embedded systems over view, design challenges, processor technology, Design technology, Trade-offs. Single purpose processors RT-level combinational logic, sequential logic(RT-level), custom purpose processor design(RT -level), optimizing custom single purpose processors. UNIT II: GENERAL PURPOSE PROCESSORS Basic architecture, operations, programmers view, development environment, Application specific Instruction Set processors (ASIPs)-Micro controllers and Digital signal processsors. UNIT III: STATE MACHINE AND CONCURRENT PROCESS MODELS Introduction, models Vs Languages, finite state machines with data path model(FSMD),using state machines, program state machine model(PSM, concurrent process model, concurrent processes, communication among processes, synchronization among processes, Implementation, data flow model, real-time systems. UNIT IV: COMMUNICATION PROCESSES Need for communication interfaces, RS232/UART, RS422/RS485,USB, Infrared, IEEE1394 Firewire, Ethernet, IEEE 802.11, Blue tooth. UNIT V: EMBEDDED/RTOS CONCEPTS-I Architecture of the Kernel, Tasks and task scheduler, interrupt service routines, Semaphores, Mutex. UNIT VI: EMBEDDED/RTOS CONCEPTS-II Mailboxes, Message Queues, Event Registers, Pipes-Signals. UNIT VII: EMBEDDED/RTOS OCNCEPTS-III Timers-Memory Management-Priority inversion problem-embedded operating systems-Embedded LinuxReal-time operating systems-RT Linux-Handheld operating systems-Windows CE. UNIT VIII: DESIGN TECHNOLOGY

Introduction, Automation, Synthesis, parallel evolution of compilation and synthesis, Logic synthesis, RT synthesis, Behavioral Synthesis, Systems Synthesis and Hard ware/Software Co-Design, Verification, Hardware/Software co-simulation, Reuse of intellectual property codes. TEXT BOOKS 1.Embedded System Design-A Unified Hardware/Software Introduction- Frank Vahid, Tony D.Givargis, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.2002. 2. Embedded/Real Time Systems- KVKK prased, Dreamtech press-2005. 3. Introduction to Embedded Systems - Raj Kamal, TMS-2002. REFERENCE BOOKS 1. Embedded Microcomputer Systems-Jonathan W.Valvano, Books/Cole,Thomson Leaarning. 2. An Embedded Software Primer- David E.Simon, pearson Ed.2005

w.e.f 2009-2010 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY: KAKINADA

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

M. Tech- I Semester CODING THEORY & PRACTICE(Elective-II) UNIT-I Information Theory : Entropy, Information rate,source coding : Shannon-Fano and Huffman coding techniques,Mutal Information, Channel capacity of Discrete Channel, Shannon- Hartly law, Trade-off between bandwidth and SNR. UNIT II Introduction and Overview Error Control Codes: Examples of the use of error control codes,basic notions,coding gain. Characterization of Error control codes performance of error control codes, comparision of uncoded and coded systems. UNIT III Convolution Codes: Convolution encoders , structural properties of convolution codes,Trelis Diagrams,Viterbi Algorithm, Perforrmance Analysis. UNIT IV Linear Block Codes: Linear block Codes and their properties, standard arrays, Syndromes,Weight Distribution. Error Detection/Correction Properties, Modified Linear block codes. UNIT V Finite Fields: groups, Rings, Fields Properties of finite Fields, Extension Fields, Polynomials over Finite Fields, Minimal Polynomials, Conjugates. UNIT VI Cyclic Codes : General theory, Shift Register Implementtions, Shortened Cyclic codes, CRCs for Error Detection. UNIT VII BCH and RS Codes : Algebric Description, Frequency Domain Description, Decoding Algorithms for BCH and RS Codes. UNIT VIII Applications: Concatenated Codes, Interleaves, The Compact Disc, Codes for Magnetic recording. TEXT BOOKS: 1. Stephen B.Wicker Error Control Systems for Digital Communication and storage, Prenticc Hall. 1995ISBN 0-13-200809-2 2. Kennedy, Electronic Communication systems, Mc Graw Hill. REFERENCE BOOKS: 1. John Proakis, Digital Communications, TMH 2. Simon Haykin, Communication Systems.

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JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY: KAKINADA

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

M. Tech- I Semester HDL PROGRAMMING LABORATORY

1. Digital Circuits Design (Sub-System Level) Description using Verilog and VHDL. 2. Verification of the Functionality of Designed Circuits using functional Simulator. 3. Timing simulation for critical path time calculation. 4. Synthesis Reports of top-order designed Digital circuits. 5. Place and Route techniques for major FPGA vendors such as Xilinx, Altera and Actel etc. 6. Implementation of Designed Digital Circuits using FPGA and CPLD devices.

w.e.f. 2009-10 JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY: KAKINADA KAKINADA 533 003 DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING M. Tech- II Semester Specialization: DECS COURSE STRUCTURE

Code Core

Name of the Subject 1.Wireless Communication & Networks 2.Analog & Digital IC Design 3.DSP Processors & Architecture 4.Optical Communication

L 4 4 4 4 4

P -

C 8 8 8 8 8

INT 40 40 40 40 40

EXT 60 60 60 60 60

TOTAL 100 100 100 100 100

Elective III 1. Radar Signal Processing 2. System Modeling & Simulation Elective IV 1. Internet Protocols 2. Network Security and Cryptography Laboratory Advanced Signal Processing Laboratory 4 4 40 60 100 4 8 40 60 100

WIRELESS COMMUNCIATIONS AND NETWORKS UNIT I WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS & SYSTEM FUNDAMENTALS: Introduction to wireless communications systems, examples, comparisons & trends. Cellular concepts-frequency reuse, strategies, interference & system capacity, trucking & grade of service, improving coverage &capacity in cellular systems. UNIT II MULTIPLE ACCESS TECHNIQUES FOR WIRELESS COMMUNICATION: FDMA, TDMA, SSMA (FHMA/CDMA/Hybrid techniques),SDMA technique(AS applicable to wireless communications).Packet radio access-protocols, CSMA protocols ,reservation protocols ,capture effect in packet radio , capacity of cellular systems . UNIT III WIRELESS NETWORKING: Introduction, differences in wireless & fixed telephone networks, traffic routing in wireless networks circuit switching, packet switching X.25 protocol. UNIT IV Wireless data services cellular digital packet data (CDPD), advanced radio data information systems, RAM mobile data (RMD). Common channel signaling (CCS), ISDN-Broad band ISDN & ATM ,Signaling System no .7(SS7)-protocols, network services part, user part, signaling traffic, services & performance. UNIT V MOBILE IP AND WIRELESS APPLICATION PROTOCOL: Mobile IP Operation of mobile IP, Co-located address, Registration, Tunneling, WAP Architecture, overview, WML scripts, WAP service, WAP session protocol, wireless transaction, Wireless datagram protocol. UNIT VI WIRELESS LAN TECHNOLOGY: Infrared LANs, Spread spectrum LANs, Narrow bank microwave LANs, IEEE 802 protocol Architecture, IEEE802 architecture and services, 802.11 medium access control, 802.11 physical layer. UNIT VII BLUE TOOTH : Overview, Radio specification, Base band specification, Links manager specification, Logical link control and adaptation protocol. Introduction to WLL Technology.

UNIT VIII MOBILE DATA NETWORKS : Introduction, Data oriented CDPD Network, GPRS and higher data rates, Short messaging service in GSM, Mobile application protocol. TEXTBOOKS Wireless Communication and Networking William Stallings, PHI, 2003. Wireless Communications, Principles, Practice Theodore, S. Rappaport, PHI, 2nd Edn., 2002. Principles of Wireless Networks Kaveh Pah Laven and P. Krishna Murthy,Pearson Education, 2002. REFERENCES 1. Wireless Digital Communications Kamilo Feher, PHI, 1999.

ANALOG AND DIGITAL IC DESIGN UNIT-I OPERATIONAL AMPLIFIERS: General considerations one state op-amps, two stage opamps-gains boosting stage- comparison I/P range limitations slew rate. CURRENT MIRRORS AND SINGLE STAGE AMPLIFIERS: simple COMS, 3JT current mirror,, Cascode Wilson Wilder current mirrors. Common Source amplifier source follower, common gate amplifier NOISE: Types of Noise Thermal Noise-flicker noise- Noise in opamps- Noise in common source stage noise band width. UNIT-II PHASED LOCKED LOOP DESIGN: PLL concepts- The phase locked loop in the locked condition Integrated circuit PLLs phase Detector- Voltage controlled oscillator case study: Analysis of the 560 B Monolithic PLL. SWITHCHED CAPACITORS CIRCUITS: Basic Building blocks op-amps capacitors switches non-over lapping clocks-Basic operations and analysis-resistor equivalence of la switched capacitor- parasitic sensitive integrator parasitic insensitive integrators signal flow graph analysis-First order filters- switch sharing fully differential filters charged injections-switched capacitor gain circuits parallel resistor capacitor circuit preset table gain circuit other switched capacitor circuits full wave rectifier peak detector sinusoidal oscillator.

UNIT-III LOGIC FAMILIES & CHARACTURISTICS : COMS, TTL, ECL, logic families COMS / TTL, interfacing comparison of logic families. COMBINATIONAL LOGIC DESIGN USING VHDL: VHDL modeling for decoders, encoders, multiplexers, comparison, adders and subtractors . SEQUENCIAL IC DESIGN USING VHD: VHDL modeling for larches, flip flaps, counters, shift registers, FSMs. UNIT-IV DIGITAL INTEGRADED SYSTEM BUILDING BLOCKS: Multiplexers and decoders barrel shifters counters digital single bit adder MEMORIES: ROM: Internal structure 2D decoding commercial type timing and applications CPLD: XC 9500 series family CPLD architecture CLB internal architecture, I/O block internal structure .

FPGA: Conceptual of view of FPGA classification based on CLB internal architecture I/O block architecture. UNIT-V COMPORATORS: Using an op-amp for a comparator-charge injection errors- latched comparator NYQUIST RATE D/A CONVERTERS: Decoder based converter resistor storing converters folded resister string converter Binary scale converters Binary weighted resistor converters Reduced resistance ratio ladders R-2R based converters Thermometer code current mode D/A converters. NYQUIST RATE A/D CONVERTERS: Integrating converters successive approximation converters. DAC based successive approximation flash converters time interleaved A/D converters. REFERENCES: Analog Integrated circuit Design by David A Johns, Ken Martin, John Wiley & Sons. Analysis and design of Analog Integrated Circuits, by Gray, Hurst Lewis, Meyer. John Wiley & Sons. Design of Analog CMOS Integrated Circuits, Behzad Razavi, TMH Digital Integrated Circuit Design by Ken Martin, Oxford University 2000 Digital Design Principles & Practices by John F Wakerly, Pearson Education & Xilinx Design Series, 3rd Ed.(2002)

SUGGESTED READING Ken Martin, Digital Integrated Circuit Design Oxford University,2000. John F Wakerly, Digital Design Principles & Practices, Pearson Education & Xilinx Design Series, 3rd Ed.(2002) Samir Palnitkar, Verylog HDL-A Guide to Digital Design and Synthesis, Prentice Hall India, (2002) Douglas J Smith, HDL Chip Design, a practical Guide for Designing, Synthesizing and simulating ASICs and FPGAs using VHDL or Verilog, Doone Publications, (1999).

DSP PROCESSORS AND ARCHITECTURES

UNIT I INTRODUCTION TO DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESING Introduction, A Digital signal-processing system, The sampling process, Discrete time sequences. Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and Fast Fourier Transform (FFT), Linear timeinvariant systems, Digital filters, Decimation and interpolation, Analysis and Design tool for DSP Systems MATLAB, DSP using MATLAB. UNIT II COMPUTATIONAL ACCURACY IN DSP IMPLEMENTATIONS Number formats for signals and coefficients in DSP systems, Dynamic Range and Precision, Sources of error in DSP implementations, A/D Conversion errors, DSP Computational errors, D/A Conversion Errors, Compensating filter. UNIT III ARCHITECTURES FOR PROGRAMMABLE DSP DEVICES Basic Architectural features, DSP Computational Building Blocks, Bus Architecture and Memory, Data Addressing Capabilities, Address Generation Unit, Programmability and Program Execution, Speed Issues, Features for External interfacing. UNIT IV EXECUTION CONTROL AND PIPELINING Hardware looping, Interrupts, Stacks, Relative Branch support, Pipelining and Performance, Pipeline Depth, Interlocking, Branching effects, Interrupt effects, Pipeline Programming models. UNIT V PROGRAMMABLE DIGITAL SIGNAL PROCESSORS Commercial Digital signal-processing Devices, Data Addressing modes of TMS320C54XX DSPs, Data Addressing modes of TMS320C54XX Processors, Memory space of TMS320C54XX Processors, Program Control, TMS320C54XX instructions and Programming, On-Chip Peripherals, Interrupts of TMS320C54XX processors, Pipeline Operation of TMS320C54XX Processors. UNIT VI IMPLEMENTATIONS OF BASIC DSP ALGORITHMS

The Q-notation, FIR Filters, IIR Filters, Interpolation Filters, Decimation Filters, PID Controller, Adaptive Filters, 2-D Signal Processing. UNIT VII IMPLEMENTATION OF FFT ALGORITHMS An FFT Algorithm for DFT Computation, A Butterfly Computation, Overflow and scaling, BitReversed index generation, An 8-Point FFT implementation on the TMS320C54XX, Computation of the signal spectrum. UNIT VIII INTERFACING MEMORY AND I/O PERIPHERALS TO PROGRAMMABLE DSP DEVICES Memory space organization, External bus interfacing signals, Memory interface, Parallel I/O interface, Programmed I/O, Interrupts and I/O, Direct memory access (DMA). A Multichannel buffered serial port (McBSP), McBSP Programming, a CODEC interface circuit, CODEC programming, A CODEC-DSP interface example. TEXT BOOKS Digital Signal Processing Avtar Singh and S. Srinivasan, Thomson Publications, 2004. DSP Processor Fundamentals, Architectures & Features Lapsley et al. S. Chand & Co, 2000. REFERENCES Digital Signal Processors, Architecture, Programming and Applications B. Venkata Ramani and M. Bhaskar, TMH, 2004. Digital Signal Processing Jonatham Stein, John Wiley, 2005.

OPTICAL COMMUNICATION AND NETWORKS

Unit I Overview of optical fiber communications: The evolution of fiber optic systems, elements of an optical fiber transmission link. Advantages of optical fiber communication, applications. Unit II Optical Fibers: structures, wave guiding, Nature of light, Basic optical laws and definitions, optical fiber modes and configurations (Fiber types, Rays and modes, step index and graded index fibers). mode theory of circular waveguides. Unit III Optical sources: LEDs, structures, quantum efficiency, modulation capability, Laser diodes: Laser diodes and threshold conditions, external quantum efficiency resonant frequencies, laser diode structures and radiation pattern, temperature effects, reliability. Unit IV Photo Detectors: Physical principles of photodiodes (pin Photodiode, avalanche, photo diode) comparison of photo detectors, noise in detectors. Unit V Fabrication, cabling and installation: Fabrication, fiber optic cables, Installation- placing the cable. Unit VI Optical Communication Systems: Block diagrams of optical communication systems, direct intensity modulation, digital communication systems, Laser semiconductor transmitter, Generations of optical fiber link, description of 8 Mb/s optical fiber communication link, description of 2.5 Gb/s optical fiber communication link. Unit VII Components of fiber optic Networks: Overview of fiber optic networks, Transreceiver, semiconductors optical amplifiers, couplers/splicers, wavelength division multiplexers and demultiplexers, filters, isolators and optical switches. Unit VIII Fiber Optic Networks: Basic networks, SONET/SDIT, Broad cast and select WDM Networks, wavelength routed networks, optical CDMA.

Text Books: Optical fiber communications Gerd Keiser, 3 rd Ed. MGH. Fiber Optic Communication Technology Djafar K. Mynbaev and Lowell L. Scheiner, (Pearson Education Asia) Optoelectronic devices and systems S.C. Gupta, PHI, 2005. Reference: Fiber Optics Communications Harold Kolimbiris (Pearson Education Asia) Optical Fiber Communications and its applications S.C. Gupta (PHI) 2004. WDM Optical Networks C. Siva Ram Murthy and Mohan Guru Swamy, PHI. Fiber Optic communications D.C. Agarwal, S.Chand Publications, 2004.

RADAR SIGNAL PROCESSING (ELECTIVE III) UNIT I Introduction [1] Radar Block Diagram, Radar Equation, Information Available from Radar Echo. Review of Radar Range Performance [2] General Radar Range Equation, Radar Detection with Noise Jamming, Beacon and Repeater Equations, Bistatic Radar. UNIT II Detection of Radar Signals in Noise - I [3] : Matched Filter Receiver Impulse Response, Frequency Response Characteristic and its Derivation, Matched Filter and Correlation Function, Correlation Detection and Cross-Correlation Receiver. Efficiency of Non-Matched Filters, Matched Filter for Non-White Noise. UNIT III Detection of Radar Signals in Noise - II [3] : Detection Criteria Neyman-Pearson Observer, Likelihood-Ratio Receiver, Inverse Probability Receiver, Sequential Observer. Detectors Envelope Detector, Logarithmic Detector, I/Q Detector. Automatic Detection - CFAR Receiver, Cell Averaging CFAR Receiver, CFAR Loss, CFAR Uses in Radar. Radar Signal Management Schematics, Component Parts, Resources and Constraints. UNIT IV Waveform Selection [3, 2] : Radar Ambiguity Function and Ambiguity Diagram Principles and Properties; Specific Cases Ideal Case, Single Pulse of Sine Wave, Periodic Pulse Train, Single Linear FM Pulse, Noiselike Waveforms. Waveform Design Requirements. Optimum Waveforms for Detection in Clutter, Family of Radar Waveforms. UNIT V Pulse Compression in Radar Signals : Introduction, Significance, Types. Linear FM Pulse Compression Block Diagram, Characteristics, Reduction of Time Sidelobes, Stretch Techniques, Generation and Decoding of FM Waveforms Block Schematic and Characteristics of Passive System, Digital Compression, SAW Pulse Compression.

UNIT VI Phase Coding Techniques : Principles, Binary Phase Coding, Barker Codes, Maximal Length Sequences (MLS/LRS/PN), Block Diagram of a Phase Coded CW Radar.

UNIT VII Poly Phase Codes : Frank Codes, Costas Codes, Non-Linear FM Pulse Compression, Doppler Tolerant PC Waveforms Short Pulse, Linear Period Modulation (LPM/HFM). Sidelobe Reduction for Phase Coded PC Signals. UNIT VIII Other Types of PC Waveforms Basics of Nonlinear Binary Phase Coded Sequences, Complementary Codes, Huffman Codes, Concatenated Barker Codes. Limiting in Pulse Compression, Cross-Correlation Properties, Compatibility. Comparison of Different Pulse Compresssion Waveforms. TEXT BOOKS M.I. Skolnik, Radar Handbook, McGraw Hill, 2nd ed., 1991. Fred E. Nathanson, Radar Design Principles Signal Processing and The Environment, PHI, 2nd ed., 1999. M.I. Skolnik, Introduction to Radar Systems, TMH, 3rd ed., 2001. REFERENCES Peyton Z. Peebles, Jr., Radar Principles, John Wiley, 2004. R. Nitzberg, Radar Signal Processing and Adaptive Systems, Artech House, 1999. F.E. Nathanson, Radar Design Principles, McGraw Hill, 1st ed., 1969. & Nelson Morgan, 1/e, Wiley

SYSTEM MODELLING & SIMULATION (ELECTIVE III)

UNIT I Basic Simulation Modeling, Systems, Models and Simulation, Discrete Event Simulation, Simulation of Single server queing system, Simulation of Inventory System, Alternative approach to modeling and simulation.

UNIT II SIMULATION SOFTWARE: Comparison of simulation packages with Programming Languages, Classification of Software, Desirable Software features, General purpose simulation packages Arena, Extend and others, Object Oriented Simulation, Examples of application oriented simulation packages. UNIT III BUILDING SIMULATION MODELS: Guidelines for determining levels of model detail, Techniques for increasing model validity and credibility. UNIT IV MODELING TIME DRIVEN SYSTEMS: Modeling input signals, delays, System Integration, Linear Systems, Motion Control models, numerical experimentation. UNIT V EXOGENOUS SIGNALS AND EVENTS: Disturbance signals, state machines, petri nets & analysis, System encapsulation. UNIT VI MARKOV PROCESS Probabilistic systems, Discrete Time Markov processes, Random walks, Poisson processes, the exponential distribution, simulating a poison process, Continuous Time Markov processes. UNIT VII EVEN DRIVEN MODELS: Simulation diagrams, Queing theory, simulating queing systems, Types of Queues, Multiple servers.

UNIT VIII SYSTEM OPTIMIZATION: System identification, Searches, Alpha/beta trackers, multidimensional optimization, modeling and simulation methodology. TEXT BOOKS: 1. System Modeling & Simulation, An introduction Frank L.Severance, John Wiley&Sons, 2001. Simulation Modeling and Analysis Averill M.Law, W.David Kelton, TMH, 3rd Edition, 2003 REFERENCE BOOK: 1. Systems Simulation Geoffery Gordon, PHI, 1978

INTERNET PROTOCOLS
Unit 1 Introduction: Internet administration and standards. The OSI model and TCP/IP protocol, TCP/IP Versions. Unit 2 Internet Protocol Part 1: IP addressing, different classes, subnetting, supernetting. Unit 3 Delivery and routing of IP packets, IP design, ARP and RARP. Unit 4 Internet Protocol Part III: Internet control message protocol, message format, error reporting and query, ICMP design, Internet group message protocol and its design, user datagram protocol, operation and design. Unit 5 Transmission Control Protocol: TCP services, flow control, error control, connection, congestion control, TCP design and operation, routing protocols, RIP, OSPF and BGP. Unit 6 BOOTP and DHCP, DNS name space, distribution of name space, DNS resolution, types of records, Telnet and remote login. Unit 7 File Transfer Protocol, connection, communication and command processing, TFTP, simple mail transfer protocol, addresses, mail delivery, multipurpose Internet mail extensions. Post office protocol. Unit 8 Simple Network Management Protocol, Hypertext Transfer Protocol, Next Generation IP Protocols, IPv6. Text Books: 1.TCP/IP Protocol Suite By Behrouz A. Porouzan, TMH, ed.-2000. 2. Internet Working with TCP/IP Vol.I: Principles, Protocols and Architecture by Douglas E. Comes. (PHI) - 1997.

NETWORK SECURITY & CRYPTOGRAPHY

(ELECTIVE IV) UNIT I Introduction: Attacks, Services and Mechanisms, Security attacks, Security services, A Model for Inter-network security. Classical Techniques: Conventional Encryption model, Steganograpjy, Classical Encryption Techniques. UNIT II Modern Techniques: Simplified DES, Block Cipher principles, Data Encryption standard, Strength of DES, Differential and Linear Cryptanalysis, Block Cipher Design Principles and Modes of operation. Algorithms: Triples DES, International Data Encryption algorithm, Blowfish, RC5, CAST-128, RC2, Characteristics of Advanced Symmetric block cifers. UNIT III Conventional Encryption: Placement of Encryption function, Traffic confidentiality, Key distribution, Random Number Generation. Public Key cryptography: Principles, RSA Algorithm, Key Management, Diffie-Hellman Key exchange, Elliptic Curve Cryptography. UNIT IV Number Theory: Prime and Relatively prime numbers, Modular arithmetic, Fermats and Eulers Theorems, Testing for primarily, Euclids Algorithm, the Chinese remainder theorem, Discrete logarithms. Message authentication and Hash Functions: Authentication requirements and functions, Message Authentication, Hash functions, Security of Hash functions and MACs. UNIT V Hash and MAC algorithms: MD file, Message digest Algorithm, Secure Hash Algorithm, RIPEMD-160, HMAC. Digital signatures and Authentication protocols: Digital signatures, Authentication protocols, Digital signature Standards.

UNIT VI Authentication Applications: Kerberos, X.509 directory Authentication Service. Electronic Mail Security: Pretty Good Privacy, S/MIME. UNIT VII IP Security: Overview, Architecture, Authentication, Encapsulating Security Payload, Combining security Associations, Key Management. Web Security: Web Security requirements, Secure sockets layer and Transport layer security, Secure Electronic Transaction. UNIT VIII Intruders, Viruses and Worms: Intruders, Viruses and Related threats. Fire Walls: Fire wall Design Principles, Trusted systems. TEXT BOOKS William Stallings, Cryptography and Network Security: Principles and Practice, Pearson Education. William Stallings, Network Security Essentials (Applications and Standards) Pearson Education.

REFERENCE BOOKS Eric Maiwald ,Fundamentals of Network Security (Dreamtech press) Charlie Kaufman, Radia Perlman and Mike Speciner, Network Security Private Communication in a Public World, Pearson/PHI. Whitman, Principles of Information Security, Thomson. Robert Bragg, Network Security The Complete reference, Mark Rhodes, TMH Buchmann, Introduction to Cryptography, Springer.

ADVANCED SIGNAL PROCESSING LABORATORY

The students are required to simulate the following experimental parts on the MATLAB environment by consider the relevant application based examples.

PART-1: Digital Signal Processing Discrete-time Signals and Systems in the time domain. z-Transforms and inverse z-Transforms. The Discrete Fourier Transform properties. FIR Filter Design. IIR Filter Design. Applications in Adaptive Filtering.

PART-2: Image Processing

Image Enhancement. Enhancement in Frequency Domain. Image Segmentation. Image Compression. Morphological Operations. Recognition based decision theoretic methods.

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