Académique Documents
Professionnel Documents
Culture Documents
1, No. 1 (Jul., 1910), pp. 5-11 Published by: Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/29737843 . Accessed: 04/10/2013 02:05
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anthropologists
hunger, cold and fatigue; they often have a large fund of folklore, myth, and tradition; each individual understands
more or less of the complex tribal customs, has more or less
proficiency not only in the arts of war but a number of those of peace; and if unspoiled by contact with so-called higher
races, without pose are usually frank, good-natured, and many of them
Indeed
it would
be possible to-day
of savagery, to com? idealization any Rousseau-like from the life of many tribes a curriculum of conduct, and culture a splendid en? that would constitute regimen for any boy at the gang if only age. Now a tribe, and not stirp de?
vironment travail
or race of mankind
long
of evolution,
of historic
It is hard to draw the larger development along new lines. lessons of history. in the days of the glory of Rome Who have would dreamed of a time when the Teutons, Gauls and Angles would have ruled Europe centuries after the once last man who revered of father and Jove, men, gods was dead? How different would have been the course of events had Rome exacted from her colonies such pro
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6 tracted taxation as
English
hundred and fifty years in India or such partial enslave? ment as Belgium has enforced in the vast basin of the
Congo ! How fortunate, to turn to a more modern instance,
that in 1840 the powers could not agree upon the terms of partitioning Japan!
In fact, from prehistoric times, man has been the great
exterminator. Very long is the list of the animal species that he has swept off the face of the earth. Unique races of mankind too like the Boethuks and Tasmanians have
been their or exterminated fate. Every and new is too these left not even an Ossian to bemoan of weapons in the way advantage those to be turned prone against lines of development. So primitive
and so strong is this instinct that many believe that it accounts at least in part for the fact of the missing link,
and that man because has he come has now to seem down eminent thrown so unique and and destroyed pre? the
ladder up which he climbed through the long early stages of his development. Modern colonial policies tend by
many their races for or subordinate inferior exploit own benefit, and their lands often primitives treating as preserves What to be administered for their own gain. more can to be than commit sin unpardonable aborigines motives to discovered The time valuable living on territory containing in our judgment, has now, fully come should teach us that primitives with should resources! when not
merely philanthropy
economy
so lately
perhaps to parcel out among the leading nations of the unappropriated of the world, territory
in this more Our humane and larger policy. in with Indians and the the record, alas, dealing Negroes is not, however, But we have made very reassuring. great and since the Freedman's progress emancipation days
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VIEW
TOWARD PRIMITIVE
EACES
Bureau and its carpet-baggers in our efforts to develop the the innumerable modes of extortion and Negro,?despite that private greed is still allowed to misrepresentation in many parts of our land. We ought him upon practice
to have in Washington an African Bureau wherein should
be presented in the form of exhibits and literature the memorials and the best things that the African has achieved in the past and is accomplishing in the present. We should
strive to make representative colored men self-respecting,
give them a just measure of pride in their race, and give in studying its history not only their leaders motivation in this country but in their fatherland, teach them, to un?
derstand the magnificent emotional endowments nature has
given them that has kept their spirits more or less buoyant under infinite hardships, teach them to love their rich and unique folklore, to be proud of and to develop it,?in a word, to study and bring out the best that is in their blood,
and race man tion to mitigate if ever so slowly, the handicap of surely, can for these alone the black prejudice, things give true freedom. As to the Indian, here, too, the situa? races have been more is most Few unique. carefully
studied and the Bureau of Ethnology has a wonderful record in the expense and talent that have been devoted
to preserving the songs, traditions, religion, social and
other customs of the red man. All this knowledge, however, has remained unutilized by the Indian Bureau, which deals with the red man in all practical matters. It is still
trying to make a pinch-back white man instead who their of a noble are
Indian.
taught
Even
the
at Hampton
and or by the best have youths
and Carlisle,
and maidens from
Indian
work with beads and skins, pottery, these noblest of all the representatives
contain
in themselves
from within; are the and many development lost or decaying which have in them ele? arts, either of unique culture value for the red man himself and
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G. STANLEY HALL
for us.
everywhere and often guished it.
Methods
take
of
development
over those
from within
should
an alien of foisting have lan? those who were not ripe for
they
This is not ignoring the fact that primitives need and often want also the very best we can teach them; but they must conserve, cherish and develop all the best things they
have. a great knew, mother this country Educationally has Hull house the light: but tend has in late endeavored seen years to conserve
the household
who
The Irish grand? to forget upon our shores. who do fine weaves the linen, Hungarians or their families lace which make embroidery centuries, own acquire and self-respect us better when they do
for
this to teach us and tomake products that will sell; and they
love their people and are more
respected by their own grandchildren if all they know and can do is not swept into oblivion when they land here.
The same results dances are and seen the in the revival even and of the and the with the various other same national customs language. pageants, to revive and in the attempts same the principle, Upon festivals
old Gallic
beneficent in Uganda
method children are
results, are the efforts being made by Joumet to educate the native Africans by the following
lower
the for from four to six years, grades own save or their little tongue, nothing taught etc. communal They duties, customs, traditions, folklore, The are often beneficent. ideal and very very complex is to first make them
: In the
andnot cheap pinch-back good Kaffirs, men. In the later grades for those who white imitation the to go on as a kind of secondary show aptitude course, rudiments of science the and customs, language, English are as a kind of higher for the few fit. dispensation taught a soon to pronounce final too It is perhaps upon judgment can no be there but doubt of this particular experiment; the ment fundamental Years soundness of the tried it is based. ago Lindner in the Punjab of founding upon principles the interesting of indigenous which experi? cul
schools
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VIEW
TOWARD PRIMITIVE
RACES
ture where the old Pundits, who had withdrawn in dignity and with dismay from English influences, were invited to tell to the rising generation the stories of their own classics and to revive and transmit a helpful interest in
their one of own culture. His interesting however, effects were voluminous of all his method blue educational was book the most report documents. too early is
a little
India Company,
obliterated. Even in Mr. largely work with the Metacotla Indians, were embodied. I do not know of a ever been made fascinating and method seem attempts Buddhism, religions to revered to acquaint contents, scholars the native e. g., of of an
and
Bureau, wherein
by
his own
and best that is in these faiths, so that they may be both intelligent and sympathetic toward them. Most of these faiths in most lands, like all religions, have yielded to the tendency, inevitable in this field, to decay; but some are bold enough often to say that the first task of the missionary
of the future and will even be fucianists, and that Con good Buddhists, or pagans fetich-worshippers generally, a veritable renaissance of their inherited into In his Jesus live the to make men
beliefs and cults has been achieved will they be ripe for a
religion "Love Hebrew most and be condensed may serve God and man." rites, illustrations and was cult only and simple treatment phrase, of the
decadent
world
and hidden
will of faith
in it.
be
The
to first
the people
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10
G. STANLEY HALL
among whom he lives. He should aim at the revival of all that is best in it, if possible raise up a generation of
native when reformers this has and been of of it, and then only, propagandists should be to make done, his endeavor
it blossom
mankind?that
into what
religion of all
new dispensa?
love
in detail, perhaps
of Chris? years
in
has appealed more strongly to this principle than the late Cuthbert Hall in his remarkable lecture to learned Hindus, inwhich he invoked them to reanimate their own faith, which he felt certain would result in the development of a new and distinctly Oriental type of Christianity which the world
has not yet seen. of interpretation have treated, what religion when sionary was from the Religion it; and all, is far vaster even any single its baser manifestations, our races views where of it than
for enlarging great possibilities means can and is, do, among
theme of education.
transformations must them. be
The
field.
The learn general is a very as which one in this day of mechanical invention, and commercial yet, expansion; are, they that do not begin certain has to represent
wholesale glorious
all
the possibilities
of the race. We
already The world
are not
the
lately
beati
been
tendencies
a single to realize startled that, without exception, of Europe the great nations and this country show a marked in the rate of fertility. There could be no better decline test than that The this is evidence wrong. something of domestication constituted that in animals they will is whether breed well can be so captivity under its conditions.
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VIEW
TOWARD PRIMITIVE
RACES
11
Civilization is man's attempt to domesticate himself; and failure in this involves failure in all. The demoralization that has begun with the rapid urbanization of the world, the intense and strenuous life of competition, the fact
that with all our hygienic endeavors, we have not yet been
able to lower by a single point the mortality of infants during the first year of life, make problems which demand
a larger statesmanship than the world has yet evolved to
deal with it adequately. Whether the nations that now rule the world will be able to indefinitely wield the accumu?
lated It may resources be that of civilization stocks some now is by no means obscure may established. a few cen?
turies hence take up the torch that falls from our hand and develop other culture types very distinct from ours; and that to them and not to us will be appointed the task of ushering in the kingdom of the superman. This perhaps will serve to roughly indicate the general attitude from which the editors of this Journal regard the duties of the higher
to the so-called lower races.
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