IP Multi-Service Networks at a Glance

Unmatched VoIP Testing Expertise Throughout the Communication Lifecycle

Next Generation Switching Protocols
SG
Application Layer Call Intelligence Service Creation / Execution Management of Provisioning
AS or SCP
Inter-App Protocols

Glossary MGC / Softswitch

AS - Application Server - A logical entity serving a specific Routing Key.

AS or SCP

ISUP / BICC

TCAP SCCP

Call Control

Application Control

Terminal/Gateway Control Megaco/ H.248

Call Control

BSC - Base Station Controller - A device that manages radio resources including the BTS BTS - Base Transceiver Station - Mobile network element that transmits radio signals over the air Call Agent - Sub element of a next-generation network that handles call control - See MGC CMTS - Cable Modem Termination System - provides connectivity between the DOCSIS HFC Access Network and the Managed IP Network.

Application Specific

MTP 3

M3UA

MTP3 M2PA

Q.931

IUA

H.225.0 MGCP/ H.245 H.225.0 RAS NCS Control Call Signaling Signaling Signaling

SIP/SIP-T ISUP BICC Q.931

TLS SCTP LAPD IP ISDN PHY PHY TCP UDP TCP SCTP TCP SCTP IP PHY

M3UA SCTP

IUA

Signaling Layer Signal Processing Signal Control

SG

Signaling Protocols
VoATM: BICC TDM: ISUP, Q.931, CAS

SG
SIP JAIN PARLAY TCAP

AAL5 MTP 2 MTP 1 ATM PHY

SCTP IP PHY

H.323 - An ITU set of protocols used to set-up calls between Next-Gen terminals, gateways, etc. HLR - Home Location Register - Manages location of mobile phone users to ensure call delivery in roaming scenarios. IMT - Inter Machine Trunk - Digital Link between PSTN switches and Media Gateways to transport encoded voice. ISDN PRI - Integrated Services Digital Network- Primary Rate Interface - Digital interface to transport voice traffic from enterprises to a PSTN switch.

M3Ua/SCTP (Sigtran)

Call-Control Layer (Softswitch) Resource Management Bearer Control Call Routing / Translation IN / AIN

MGC

Control Protocols

MGC
MEGACO (IETF) H.248 (ITU) MGCP

IP: SIP, SIP-T, H.323

Media Layer Media Processing Media Control Tone & Announcement QoS

SIP H.323 Megaco MGCP

SoftSwitch/ Call Agent CMS

Gatekeeper/ Proxy
SIP H.323

ISUP - ISDN User Part - Most common Call control protocol of the SS7 networks. M2PA - MTP2 Peer-to-Peer protocol - IETF protocol used to transport MTP3 messages over IP M3UA - MTP3 User Adaptation Layer - IETF protocol used to adapt MTP3 layer to transport SS7 messages over IP

Announcement Server

Megaco - Media Gateway Control protocol - A joint IETF/ITU protocol used to control Media Gateway devices

MG

Media Transport

MG
Signaling Gateway

SIP H.323 Megaco MGCP RTP

MG - Media Gateway - hardware and software platform that handles bearer traffic and physical interfaces to IP and PSTN networks MGC - Media Gateway Controller - Provides the call control and resource management for the MG MGCP - Media Gateway Control protocol - An IETF protocol designed to control Media Gateway devices MOS - Mean Opinion Score - Subjective method for evaluating Voice Quality MSC - Mobile Switching Center - A switch similar to a Class 4/5 but with added mobility management functions to support mobile phones

TDM, IP/RTP, ATM

SIP SIPJ BICC

SS7 Network

SS7

Sig

tra

MTA - Multimedia Terminal Adapter - Client device that interfaces the analog phone to the network-side signaling and call control elements of a Packet able network

Packet Network
SS7

NCS - Network-Based Call Signaling - Call control protocol used to set-up calls on MTAs PBX - Private Branch Exchange - enterprise switch that controls multiple phones and interfaces with the PSTN

Trunking Gateway
Megaco MGCP SIP TDM Trunk

Spectra 2

PESQ - Perceptual Evaluation of Speech Quality - ITU specification P.862 that defines algorithms to measure voice quality POTS - Plain Old Telephone Service - Basic dialed access switched voice service RTP - Real-time Transport Protocol - used to transport encoded voice packets over IP

Traditional Switch (SSP and MSC)

Application Voice Speech Call Control IS-41 MAP GSM MAP TCAP SCCP MTP3 AAL5 ATM PHY GR-303 Q.931 LAPD PHY V5 INAP AIN Call Control

Access Gateway
Megaco MGCP RTP

Soft Phone

SCP - Service Control Point - Database with call routing information and enhaced services such as 800 numbers SCTP - Stream Control Transmission Protocol - transport layer protocol of choice for Sigtran upper layer protocols

H.323 SIP MGCP RTP

SG - Signaling Gateway - Provides the signaling interface and convertion between the existing PSTN and the Next-Gen network Sigtran - Series of IETF protocols defined to transport SS7 signaling over IP networks SIP - Session Initiation Protocol - An IETF protocol used for connection of User Agent devices Softswitch - Sub element of a next-generation network that handles call control - See MGC

G.711

TUP

ISUP MTP3 MTP2

Spectra2 VoIP Testing Solution from Tektronix

ISDN

TDM PHY

MTP1

System Features Conformance Testing for H.323, SIP, MGCP, Megaco, ISUP, and BICC Load Generation of Signaling and Media across Gigabit Ethernet, DS3, STM-1, and OC-3 interfaces Media QoS Testing on circuit and packet networks with PESQ, MOS, and R-Factor scoring

PBX
SS7 - Signaling System #7 - Network series of protocols used to support call set-up and additional services for the PSTN SSP - Service Switching Point - Class 4/5 switch that handles call connections, voice traffic, etc. STP - Signaling Transfer Point - Signaling routing element of an SS7 network. It also performs address translation functions WIN - Wireless Intelligent Networks - Set of advanced services provided on a wireless network (e.g Prepaid, LNP, etc)

Media Gateway
Voice Speech Media Control G.7xx Voice G.7xx Encoded Voice G.7xx Voice RTCP MGCP Megaco/H.248 UDP TDM LAPD IP PHY PHY ETHERNET ATM PHY G.729 - CS-ACELP G.723.1 - MP-MLQ TCP SCTP AAL2 RTP UDP IP AAL5 G.728 - LD-CELP Coding Standard G.711 - PCM G.726 - ADPCM

Voice Encoding
Data Rate 64 kbps 16, 24, 32, 40 kbps 16 kbps 8 kbps 6.3 kbps Algorithmic Delay (ms) 0.125 1 3-5 15 37.5 MOS 4.3 - 4.4 4.0 - 4.2 (32 kbps) 4.0 - 4.2

Encoding Techniques
PCM (Pulse Code Modulation) ADPCM (Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation)

MOS
(Mean Opinion Scores)

Access Gateway / Enterprise VoIP GW

Voice G.7xx Audio RTP Media Control MGCP/ Megaco/ H.248 NCS UDP IP PHY PHY Application Control H.225.0 H.225.0 Call Call Signaling Control UTP Call Control

Media Control

5 4

Excellent Good Fair

G.711

SIP

LD-CELP (Low Delay Code Excited Linear Prediction) CS-ACELP (Conjugate Structure Algebraic CELP) MP-MLQ (Multi-Pulse Maximum Likelihood Quantization 3 2 1

G.711

Q.931

RTP

TDM Poor Bad

GRQ.931 303 LAPD PHY

V5

4.0 - 4.2 ACELP (Algebraic Code Excited Liner Prediction) 3.8 - 4.0 (6.3 kbps)

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2005 Tektronix. All rights reserved. Printed in the U.S.A. Tektronix products are covered by U.S. and foreign patents, issued and pending. Information in this publication supersedes that in all previously published material. Specifications and price change privileges reserved. TEKTRONIX and TEK are registered trademarks. 11/05 DM 5LW-19231-0

Multi-Service Networks at a Glance