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  • Air Conditioning Hamburg New York

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    tennis7star
    13 vues2 pages
    Although F.100 final assembly occurred at Schiphol Oost, in Holland, aircraft components were manufactured by Shorts, of Belfast, Northern Ireland (wings), MBB of Germany (fuselage sections and the tail), and Dowty Rotol (the undercarriage). 5. In Service: While Fokker envisioned that the F.28 would become the largest aircraft in a small airline's fleet, it conversely predicted that the F.100 would become the smallest aircraft in a large airline's fleet. Their prediction proved accurate. Swissair placed the launch order for eight aircraft, along with six options, in July of 1984, and these were followed by orders and options for ten and five from KLM in May of 1985 and 20 and 20 in July by USAir, the latter enabling Fokker to penetrate the all-important US market. By the time that the second prototype had flown in 1987, orders and options had totaled 178. The largest order, however-and the second in the American market-was for 75 firm and 75 optioned aircraft placed by American Airlines itself in March of 1989, which sought to replace its Boeing 727s and its European regional jet BAe-146 rival, acquired during the AirCal buyout, with the type. USAir took delivery of the first Tay 650 version on the same day that it was certified, on July 1, 1989. By the end of that year, 28 aircraft had been produced and the order book counted 382 by the beginning of 1990. Other major operators included Air Littoral, Air UK, British Midland, China Eastern, Garuda Indonesia, Mexicana, Portugalia, Sempati Air, TAM Brazilian, Iran Air, Korean Air, Midway Airlines, TAT European, Deutsche BA, and Transwede. A typical inter-European F.100 flight was sampled in June of 1994 with Swissair, which had initially taken delivery of the type on February 29, 1988 and had inaugurated it into service two months later, on April 25, replacing its first-generation DC-9-30s. Formed on March 26, 1931 as a result of the Ad Astra Aero and Balair merger, it inaugurated Lockheed Orion express route service from Basel to Vienna with intermediate stops in Zurich and Munich, operating it year-round, as opposed to its initial, summer-only schedule, four years later. Douglas aircraft facilitated advancement and route system expansion with DC-2 and, by 1936, DC-3 acquisitions. World War II, as had occurred with all European carriers, resulted in a service suspension-in this case during the six-year period from 1939 to 1945-but Swissair quickly connected the continental dots with wings thereafter and, two years later, was designated Switzerland's national airline. Transatlantic service, to New York, commenced on May 2 of that year with the delivery of quad-engined DC-4s and the route became a scheduled one in 1949. It was served by larger, longer-range DC-6Bs two years later. North American service was mirrored by that to its southern counterpart during the early-1950s, with an initial Zurich-Geneva-Lisbon-Dakkar-Receife-Rio de Janeiro-Sao Paulo route inaugurated on May 27, 1954, and extensions were made to Montevideo and Buenos Aires three years later. Its European network, operated by increasingly advanced equipment, saw service with Convair CV-240s in 1949 and CV-440 Metropolitans in 1956, and stretched wings, literally, carried passengers across the Atlantic on ultra-long-range DC-7Cs. air conditioning hamburg new york

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    Although F.100 final assembly occurred at Schiphol Oost, in Holland, aircraft components were manufactured by Shorts, of Belfast, Northern Ireland (wings), MBB of Germany (fuselage sections and the tail), and Dowty Rotol (the undercarriage). 5. In Service: While Fokker envisioned that the F.28 would become the largest aircraft in a small airline's fleet, it conversely predicted that the F.100 would become the smallest aircraft in a large airline's fleet. Their prediction proved accurate. Swissair placed the launch order for eight aircraft, along with six options, in July of 1984, and these were followed by orders and options for ten and five from KLM in May of 1985 and 20 and 20 in July by USAir, the latter enabling Fokker to penetrate the all-important US market. By the time that the second prototype had flown in 1987, orders and options had totaled 178. The largest order, however-and the second in the American market-was for 75 firm and 75 optioned aircraft placed by American Airlines itself in March of 1989, which sought to replace its Boeing 727s and its European regional jet BAe-146 rival, acquired during the AirCal buyout, with the type. USAir took delivery of the first Tay 650 version on the same day that it was certified, on July 1, 1989. By the end of that year, 28 aircraft had been produced and the order book counted 382 by the beginning of 1990. Other major operators included Air Littoral, Air UK, British Midland, China Eastern, Garuda Indonesia, Mexicana, Portugalia, Sempati Air, TAM Brazilian, Iran Air, Korean Air, Midway Airlines, TAT European, Deutsche BA, and Transwede. A typical inter-European F.100 flight was sampled in June of 1994 with Swissair, which had initially taken delivery of the type on February 29, 1988 and had inaugurated it into service two months later, on April 25, replacing its first-generation DC-9-30s. Formed on March 26, 1931 as a result of the Ad Astra Aero and Balair merger, it inaugurated Lockheed Orion express route service from Basel to Vienna with intermediate stops in Zurich and Munich, operating it year-round, as opposed to its initial, summer-only schedule, four years later. Douglas aircraft facilitated advancement and route system expansion with DC-2 and, by 1936, DC-3 acquisitions. World War II, as had occurred with all European carriers, resulted in a service suspension-in this case during the six-year period from 1939 to 1945-but Swissair quickly connected the continental dots with wings thereafter and, two years later, was designated Switzerland's national airline. Transatlantic service, to New York, commenced on May 2 of that year with the delivery of quad-engined DC-4s and the route became a scheduled one in 1949. It was served by larger, longer-range DC-6Bs two years later. North American service was mirrored by that to its southern counterpart during the early-1950s, with an initial Zurich-Geneva-Lisbon-Dakkar-Receife-Rio de Janeiro-Sao Paulo route inaugurated on May 27, 1954, and extensions were made to Montevideo and Buenos Aires three years later. Its European network, operated by increasingly advanced equipment, saw service with Convair CV-240s in 1949 and CV-440 Metropolitans in 1956, and stretched wings, literally, carried passengers across the Atlantic on ultra-long-range DC-7Cs. air conditioning hamburg new york

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    13 vues2 pages

    Air Conditioning Hamburg New York

    Transféré par

    tennis7star
    Although F.100 final assembly occurred at Schiphol Oost, in Holland, aircraft components were manufactured by Shorts, of Belfast, Northern Ireland (wings), MBB of Germany (fuselage sections and the tail), and Dowty Rotol (the undercarriage). 5. In Service: While Fokker envisioned that the F.28 would become the largest aircraft in a small airline's fleet, it conversely predicted that the F.100 would become the smallest aircraft in a large airline's fleet. Their prediction proved accurate. Swissair placed the launch order for eight aircraft, along with six options, in July of 1984, and these were followed by orders and options for ten and five from KLM in May of 1985 and 20 and 20 in July by USAir, the latter enabling Fokker to penetrate the all-important US market. By the time that the second prototype had flown in 1987, orders and options had totaled 178. The largest order, however-and the second in the American market-was for 75 firm and 75 optioned aircraft placed by American Airlines itself in March of 1989, which sought to replace its Boeing 727s and its European regional jet BAe-146 rival, acquired during the AirCal buyout, with the type. USAir took delivery of the first Tay 650 version on the same day that it was certified, on July 1, 1989. By the end of that year, 28 aircraft had been produced and the order book counted 382 by the beginning of 1990. Other major operators included Air Littoral, Air UK, British Midland, China Eastern, Garuda Indonesia, Mexicana, Portugalia, Sempati Air, TAM Brazilian, Iran Air, Korean Air, Midway Airlines, TAT European, Deutsche BA, and Transwede. A typical inter-European F.100 flight was sampled in June of 1994 with Swissair, which had initially taken delivery of the type on February 29, 1988 and had inaugurated it into service two months later, on April 25, replacing its first-generation DC-9-30s. Formed on March 26, 1931 as a result of the Ad Astra Aero and Balair merger, it inaugurated Lockheed Orion express route service from Basel to Vienna with intermediate stops in Zurich and Munich, operating it year-round, as opposed to its initial, summer-only schedule, four years later. Douglas aircraft facilitated advancement and route system expansion with DC-2 and, by 1936, DC-3 acquisitions. World War II, as had occurred with all European carriers, resulted in a service suspension-in this case during the six-year period from 1939 to 1945-but Swissair quickly connected the continental dots with wings thereafter and, two years later, was designated Switzerland's national airline. Transatlantic service, to New York, commenced on May 2 of that year with the delivery of quad-engined DC-4s and the route became a scheduled one in 1949. It was served by larger, longer-range DC-6Bs two years later. North American service was mirrored by that to its southern counterpart during the early-1950s, with an initial Zurich-Geneva-Lisbon-Dakkar-Receife-Rio de Janeiro-Sao Paulo route inaugurated on May 27, 1954, and extensions were made to Montevideo and Buenos Aires three years later. Its European network, operated by increasingly advanced equipment, saw service with Convair CV-240s in 1949 and CV-440 Metropolitans in 1956, and stretched wings, literally, carried passengers across the Atlantic on ultra-long-range DC-7Cs. air conditioning hamburg new york

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    air conditioning hamburg new york

    Intended as the backbone of its short- and medium-range European and North African fleet, it was too large for the thinner sectors over which its last Stage Two DC-9-30s and -50s were operated, and the SFR 450 million aircraft replacement program for Fokker F.100s, which included reserve engines, spares, and a simulator, gave it an entirely Stage III-compliant fleet. Accommodating seven fewer passengers than its DC-9-30s, the F.100, in a dual-class, 84seat configuration, had a 2,200-kilometer range with maximum fuel, payload, and one ton of cargo, and was thus suited to segments outside of its main traffic arteries. Because of its size, it was also used in other capacities, such as providing additional frequency during offpeak (midday) periods and inaugurating new routes that were later operated by larger MD81s after sufficiently stimulated traffic had merited their size. Powered by Rolls Royce Tay 620-15 engines, the Fokker F.100 introduced a digital cockpit with electronic and multi-channel displays and incorporated weight-reducing composite material in its construction, and was seen as a quieter, more fuel efficient, and advanced regional jet replacement. Indeed, the 1,100-hour flight test program had demonstrated that it offered a three-percent lower fuel reduction than predicted-or 15 percent less than that of the DC-9-30 it replacedand an 82-decibel noise emission-or ten lower than that of the DC-9-30 and 15 lower than that of the DC-9-50. Swissair's ten F.100s, running in registration from HB-IVA to -IVK (with -IVJ omitted), were part of a 61-strong, five-type, twin-, tri-, and quad-engined fleet from four European and US manufacturers with an average, 7.8-year age, and it included 24 MD-81s, five A-310-200s, five A-310-300s, 12 MD-11s, and five 747-300s, over and above the Fokkers. As the 16th largest IATA and seventh largest European carrier, Swissair served a 320,594-unduplicated kilometer network, which included 116 destinations in 68 countries on five continents. In 1993, it had conducted 219,629 flight hours (a 5.8-percent increase over the year-earlier period) and carried over 7.8 million passengers (a 4.7-percent increase) and almost 268,000 tons of cargo and mail (a 9.5-percent increase). Nosed into Gate Two at Geneva's Cointrin International Airport beneath the brilliant noon blue on that June 1994 day, aircraft HB-IVH "Stadel," sporting its dark brown fuselage trim and red tail, was prepared for its 748-mile sector as Flight SR 406 to Copenhagen, the first of several Swissair t-tails being serviced for its midday bank of departures. The others, all MD81s, were used on Switzerland-Denmark routes during peak times. Despite its current unique stature, the 84-passenger F.100 vied, at other times, with the 82-

    passenger Avro International RJ85 operated by subsidiary Crossair. Sporting a conservative, tan and brown dcor, with horizontally-patterned seat upholstery and equally patterned fabrics that covered the sidewalls, lavatory doors, and the overhead storage compartments, Swissair's dual-class configured F.100s featured a forward, left lavatory and, across form it, a dual-unit galley, and accommodated 28 business class passengers in five four-abreast rows and 56 economy class passengers in ten five-abreast rows. air conditioning hamburg new york

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