YTU School of ForeignLanguages Basic English Department

20112012 SpringTerm Level A/An GRAMMAR & VOCABULARY REVISION MATERIAL 1 (ForWeeks 1-7) TeachersCopy

Macmillan English Grammar in Context Intermediate Unit 1: PRESENT SIMPLE Unit 2: PRESENT CONTINUOUS Unit 3: PAST SIMPLE Unit 4: PAST CONTINUOUS Unit 5: PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE Unit 6: PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct present forms. Dear Sir / Madam, I ...am writing... (write) on behalf of MidfieldSchool. Every year, our students choose (choose) a project on an environmental problem. Then, they work (work) to raise money to help solve this problem. We have recently seen (recently / see) your advertisements about protecting dolphins, so, for the last few weeks, we have been trying (try) to learn about the dolphins. We have already been (already / be) on two boat trips and have persuaded (persuade) local fishermen to change their fishing nets because the ones theyare using (use) at the moment can trap dolphins. Could you please send the children some World Wildlife Fund posters to add to the work that they have done / have been doing (do) so far? Yours faithfully, J. Hopkins (Teacher) Exercise 2: Choose the correct form. TOM: I went to SunriseBeach last week. (1)______(Did you ever go / Have you ever been) to SunriseBeach , Danny? DANNY: Yes, (2) ________ ( I did / I have ).Its beautiful. (3) _________ (Did you go / Have you gone) there on the weekend? TOM:Yeah, I (4 ) ______ (did / have ) . I (5) __________________(went / have gone) on Sunday.(6)__________ ( I got up / I ve gotten up) at 4 a.m. DANNY:Wow ! (7)_________(I never woke up / I ve never woken up ) that early !

TOM: Oh, it wasnt so bad. I ( 8) _________ (got / have gotten ) to the beach early to see the sun rise . (9)_________ (Did you ever see / Have you ever seen) a sunrise, Danny? DANNY:No, (10) _______(I didnt / I havent ). I prefer sunsets to sunrises . TOM:Really? Then I (11) ________(went / have gone) swimming around 6:00 , but there were some strange dark shadows in the water . (12 ) ____________(Did you ever hear / Have you ever heard) of sharks at SunriseBeach? DANNY: Yes , I (13) _______________________(did/have) . I (14) _________________ (heard / have heard ) a report about sharks last summer. TOM:Gee ! Maybe I (15)__________________ (had / have had ) a lucky escape on Sunday morning! Why dont you come with me next time? DANNY: OK, Ill try.

Exercise 3: Choose the best option. 1. She........... very hard for the exams these days. I thinkshe really deserves to be called "swot".* A) studies B) is studying C) studied D) was studying Swot*: a person who studies veryhard, especiallyforanexamination (informal) 2. The moment his colleagues ..............criticizing him, he.............. from his seat and .............. towards them. A) began / rose / rushed B) began / was rising / has rushed C) have begun / rose / rushed D) were beginning / has risen / has rushed 3. Although I........... usually a nervous passenger, I once........... very frightened on a small plane. A) am not / became B) do not be / become C) am not / was becoming D) was not / have become 4. Since he ...........theuniversity, his life ........... much more interesting thanever before. 3

A) enters / become B) entered / has become C) has entered / became D) is entering / becomes 5. Because we ...........an enormous demand for our products in the past six months, we ......... openingnew factories in order to meet the demands. A) received / consider B) were receiving / were considering C) receive / have considered D) have received / are considering Exercise 4: Choose the sentence which has the closest meaning. 1. Travis hasnt spoken to his best mate since they had a fight. a. The last time Travis spoke to his best mate was before they had a fight. b. Travis didnt stop speaking to his best mate after they had a fight. 2. Bob has been studying for the biology test for two days. a. Bob started studying for the biology test two days ago and he hasnt finished yet. b. Bob started studying for the biology test two days ago and finished it quickly. 3. Unemployment is becoming one of the major social issues in Turkey. a. More and more people in Turkey are unemployed nowadays and the number is increasing. b. People couldnt find jobs in Turkey in the past, but it is changing these days. 4. Large cities first appeared in Anatolia during the reign of the Hittites. a. No large cities emerged in Anatolia before the Hittites. b. Hittites built the first cities in Anatolia. 5. I remember it was in China they first met and got interested in the project. a. As far as I remember, they met in China first and then finished the project.

b. The project caught their attention when they met in China for the first time, I think.

UNIT 40: TIME (1)&UNIT 41: (TIME 2)

Exercise 1: Complete the sentences using yesterday, last, tomorrow, next, in, or ago. 1. I went to Hawaii ..last year, and my sister went there a year .ago.. 2. Our neighbors are going to Hawaii.nextweek or .in. two weeks, it depends on the price of the plane tickets. 3. Sue wasnt at work two days.ago.. She was at the hospital yesterday afternoon but she came home last. night around 9.00. Hopefully, she will recover and go to work .tomorrow. morning. 4. A: Are you going to be home ...tomorrow. afternoon around 3:00? Can I come by? B: I dont think so. I am going shopping after work and I think that will take time. A: Didnt you go shopping yesterday.... afternoon? B: Yes, but last night, I showed the dress I bought to John and he didnt like it. His sister is getting married in three days, so I should find the appropriate dress tomorrow Exercise 2: Complete the questions using appropriate prepositions (in, on, at) and the time expressions given below. Then, ask them to your partner. fromduring the semester holiday on time the end of 1. What do you usually do at Christmas? 5 last to within five years ago by

at the end of

2. What did you do on your birthday last year? 3. Is your birthday on 26th April or is it .in. May? 4. Were you in Istanbul during the semesterholiday or did you spend it in your hometown? 5. Will Beikta Campus be moved to Davutpaa....by the end of .. 2013? 6. Were you dreaming of being an engineer .five years ago.. ? 7. What were you doing .from. 9 ..to. 12 oclock last night? 8. Do you usually finish your online assignments .on time? 9. Can we finish this exercise .within. ten minutes? 10. What are you planning to do ....at the end of. the class?

Exercise 3: Cross out the mistakes. 1. I have been waiting for you since at six oclock. 2. Tom hasnt already finished his homework yet. 3. You should come to class on time at once. 4. Her student card runs out on the last day of in June. 5. Its for ages since I went to the theatre. 6. My neighbour had watered the flowers until I came back home on Friday at night. 7. When the alarm goes off in the morning, Tim immediately wakes up after fifteen minutes. 8. Amelia promised to visit my new house as soon as she came to Istanbulsoon. 9. I will fix my bike at the weekend, but afterwards I can meet with you later. 10. I managed to finish my term project in a weeks on time despite I have three more days until the deadline. Exercise 4: Choose the sentence which has the closest meaning. 1. You should finish your assignment from 10th to 25th. a. You should finish your assignment by the end of March.

b. You should submit your assignment in two weeks time. 2. Some animals in cold countries hibernate in December, January and February. a. Some animals in cold countries rest during winter. b. Some animals in cold countries sleep until April. 3. You shouldnt leave home until your parents come. a. You can leave home as soon as your parents come. b. By the time your parents come, you cannot stay at home. 4. My boyfriend once sang in a rock band. a. My boyfriend was a member of a rock band in the past. b. My boyfriend has sung in a rock band for a long time. 5. When Helen saw the thief go into her neighbors house, she called the police at once. a. The thief immediately ran away when Helen called the police. b. Helen immediately called the police seeing her neighbors house in danger.

UNIT 12: QUESTION FORMATION

Exercise 1: Write the questions for the underlined answers: 1. .. How often do you read newspaper?......... I read newspaperfive times a week. 2. . How long does it take for you to come to school?/How long does it take you to come to school?/How long does it take to come to school?...... It takes me half an hour if the traffic isn't too bad. 3. ... Who did you go to Paris with?........

I went to Pariswith my husband. 4. Who wants to see the director?........ Mrs Brownwants to see the director. 5. Why does she drive a van?.......... She drives a van because she delivers newspapers to a lot of small villages. 6 Who are John and Kelly meeting tonight?........ John and Kelly are meeting Angelatonight. 7..How much does this record cost?......... This record costs 9. 8. .. What time does she get up and start work?...... She gets up at 3 a.m. in the morning and starts work at 5 a.m. 9 Whose grandmother was an actress?........ Rachelsgrandmother was an actress. 10 Who wrote Hamlet?........ Shakespearewrote Hamlet. 11What did Shakespeare write? .. Shakespeare wrote Hamlet. 12. What were you doing when the accident happened?........ I was looking out of the window when the accident happened. Exercise 2: Megan wrote a letter to her friend, Janice. The letter got wet, and now Janice cant read some parts of it. What questions does Janice ask to get the missing information? Dear Janice, Hi! I just moved to 1................... . I left Chicago because 2................... . 3................... moved with me, and we are sharing an apartment. I got a job in a 4................... . It started 5................... . The people seem nice.

Our apartment is great. It has 6. .................. rooms. 7.................. of the rooms came with carpeting, but two of them have beautiful wood floors. The rent isnt too high, either. We each pay$ 8................... a month.We need to buy some 9................... . 10..................s brother wants to visit her, so we really need an extra bed.By the way, 11..................called last Sunday. I also spoke to 12................ . They want to visit us in 13.................... .Would you like to come too? Is that a good time for you? Theres plenty of room because 14.................. . Write and let me now. Love, Megan 1-)Where did you move? 2-)Why did you leave Chicago? 3-)Who moved with you? 4-)Where did you get a job? 5-)When did it start? 6-)How many rooms does it have? 7-)How many of the rooms came with carpeting? 8-) How much do you each pay? 9-)What do you need to buy? 10-)Whose brother wants to visit her? 11-)Who called last Sunday? 12-)Who did you speak to? 13-)When do they want to visit you? 14-)Why is there plenty of room?

Exercise 3: Turn the following into direct questions. 1. Who left this bag here? Do you knowwho left this bag here? 2. Who is that woman? We need to find outwho that woman is. 4. How much does this dress cost? Could you tell mehow much this dress costs? 5. Where does Mary live? I dont knowwhere Mary lives.

3. What time does the next train leave? Can you tell mewhat time the next train leaves?

6. Are the police investigating the robbery? Have you any idea if/whether the police are investigating the robbery?

UNIT 13: TAG QUESTIONS

Role-play: Find a partner. Card A is your thought about your partner, Card B is the real information. Ask tag questions using Card A, and your partner answers using Card B. Exercise 1: Write the appropriate tag questions for the given contexts. 6. I think your department is Mechanical Engineering, but I am not quite sure of that. Your department is Mechanical Engineering, isnt it?......... 7. I believe that I am very smart. ..I am very smart, arent I?...... 8. It seems that nobody came to the school on time. .Nobody came to the school on time, did they?....... 9. I am sure John hasnt been working for Microsoft since he graduated from the university, but Jane says the opposite. John hasnt been working for Microsoft since he graduated from the university, has he? . 10. I am looking for a good restaurant and it would be great if you know one. .You dont know any good restaurants here, do you?.......... Exercise 2: Complete the dialogue with the appropriate tag questions. Jane: Hi, Tom. How are you doing? Tom: Not bad. I was just thinking of your party. 10

Jane: Oh, youre coming, .arent you.....? Tom: Well, I want to come, but Steve wont be at the party, .will he? Jane: Probably not. He says he will be out of the town. So, you two still dont solve your issues, I guess. Tom: No. Hes still going out with Susan, .isnt he.? Jane: ErrYes. Tom: Thats why we cannot solve our issues. Jane: You and Susan had been going out for two years when she crashed on Bill, hadnt you.? Tom: Yes, and Bill was my best friend. Jane: Susan hasnt talked to you about your breakup yet, ..has she? Tom: No. I dont think we will have that crappy conversation anymore. By the way, you look very beautiful these days. Jane: Well, thank you. Tom: You and Susan have been very close to each other since you were children, ..havent you.? Jane: Yes. Tom: And Jane, you are single, arent you..? Jane: Sorry, Tom, but I dont like your tone. Maybe you shouldnt come to my party. You dont mind it, ..do you.? Exercise 3: Correct the errors in the sentences below. 1. The quizzes in the first term were difficult, so did the midterms. were 2. I have never played this computer game before, so has my brother. neither 3. Galileo is thought to be one of the smartest people in the world, so Einstein is. is Einstein. 4. A clock cannot work without a battery, neither cant a radio. can 5. Russia produces a lot of natural gas, so producesSaudi Arabia. does

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Exercise 4: Using the information about chimpanzees and gorillas, complete each sentence below with the appropriate auxiliary and so or neitherif necessary.

CHIMPANZEES * are native to western and central Africa * live in groups * walk on all fours, resting their upper body on their knuckles * are excitable * are mainly vegetarian, but do hunt and eat some smaller animals * can devise primitive tools * a few can use a type of sign language * may live up to 50 years

GORILLAS * are native to western and central Africa * live in groups * walk on all fours, resting their upper body on their knuckles * are gentle and calm * are totally vegetarian * cannot devise primitive tools * none can use a type of sign language * may live more than 40 years

1. Chimpanzees are native to western and central Africa, so.are. gorillas. 2. Chimpanzees are gorillas similar in several ways. In the wild, chimpanzees live together in groups, and so..are..gorillas. 3. Chimpanzees walk on all fours, resting their upper body on their knuckles, and .so do. gorillas. 4. In other ways, chimpanzees and gorillas are different. Chimpanzees are excitable, but gorillas arent.; gorillas are calmer than chimpanzees. 5. Chimpanzees eat smaller animals, but gorillas dont.; they are totally vegetarian.

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6. Chimpanzees can actually devise primitive tools, but gorillas ..cannot.. 7. For example, a chimpanzee uses a stick to collect insects from holes and stones, but a gorilla .. doesnt. 8. The gorilla doesnt know how to use a stick; however, the chimpanzee . does.. 9. Chimpanzees dont use speech as humans do, and . neither do.. gorillas. However, a few chimpanzees can communicate using a kind of sign language, but gorillas .cant. 10. In good circumstances, chimpanzees can live into their 40s, and ..so..can. gorillas.

UNIT 20: PASSIVE AND ITS USES

Exercise 1: Put the verbs in brackets into the correct passive tense. The Academy Awards Presentationwas first organized

(first/organize) in 1929 and since then, it has been held(hold) every year. The presentation is attended (attend) by those at the top of the film industryand is watched (watch) on TV by millions of viewers. The voting for the Academy Awards is conducted (conduct) secretly and the result is not revealed (not/reveal) to anyone until the envelope is opened (open) on stage in front of the audience. Awards are given .. (give) for the best individual or collective work and are separated(separate) into different categories. Up to five nominations are made (make) in each category. The awards, which are known (know) as Oscars,are considered (consider) to be the highest honourin the film industry. Exercise 2: Rewrite the underlined sentences below in passive without using by phrases. 1. An upset waiter at Pops Placesmashed the computer screen of a restaurant cash register at midnight. Interestingly, the police did not

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document the incident. Besides, they did not arrest the waiter, but he was fired. The damage is estimated at 1,100 dollars. a. The computer screen of a restaurant cash register was smashed at Pops Place at midnight b. ..The incident was not documented c. The waiter was not arrested 2. People use corn widely in Mexico. In Mexican cooking, people waste no part of the corn. People use the ears, husks, silk and kernels in different ways. Corn was the first plant people cultivated in Mexico. a. Corn is used widely in Mexico. b. No part of the corn is wasted c. ..The ears, husks, silk and kernels are used in different ways.. Exercise 3: M. Read this letter from Maurice, who is on holiday in Britain, to his sister Sally in New Zealand. Choose the correct option. Dear Sally, How are you? We have been having a lovely time. We are being very well looked after by our hosts. We (1) to some of their friends, who make us (2).. very welcome. Last night we (3) ....around the castle, by the owner. Most of the land in this area (4) ...to his family.The land (5) ...to them after one of his ancestors (6) ...while he was trying to save the kings life. Quite romantic, isnt it? The castle itself was a little bit disappointing, to be absolutely honest. The owner told us that it (7) ..a great damage during a fire about thirty years before. When it (8) .., they added central heating and things like that. So once you are in it, it does not feel much different to any other large, old house. But the owner is a real character. He told us lots of stories about things that (9) ...to him when he was young. He (10) ...abroad to work in a bank, but he hated it, so he (11) ..very badly in order to (12) ....He kept us laughing for hours. I have lots more to tell you when we get back. 14

Yours affectionately, Maurice 1. a) introducedb) were introducedc) have been introducedd) have introduced 2. a) felt b) to feel c) feeling b) showed b) is belonged b) was given b) killed d) feel c) was shown c) belongs c) were given c) was dead d) shown d) is belonging d) given d) was killed 3. a) were shown 4. a) belong 5. a) gave 6. a) was died 7. a) suffered suffered 8. a) restore restored 9. a) happened happened 10. a) sent 12.a) sacked b) send c) was sent c) sack d) has sent d) be sacked 11. a) behaved b) was behaved c) had been behavingd) had behaved b) was sacked b) was happened c) happens d) had been b) restored c) has been restoredd) was

b) was suffered c) had suffered d) had been

Exercise 4: Choose the best option. 1. They debated for hours ______________. a. although the problem is solved. b. butno decision was taken. c. by the time the president arrives. d. so that they did not argue. 2. _____, but not before extensive damage was caused. a. She accidentally cut her finger with a knife b. He spoiled his painting by putting too much red paint on it c. The fire was finally got under control d. The army left the enemy town in complete destruction e. They watched the destruction of the forest by fire 15

3. Helium, the lightest of the inert gases, was discovered in 1868 ____________. a. until its importance was recognized in scientific research at low temperatures. b. as liquid helium has many remarkable qualities. c. whenan unknown yellow line in the chromosphere of the sun was disclosed. d. before studies into atomic structure would be realized. 4. _________________, the most exciting find was a set of surgical instruments. a. When the four-thousand-year-old tomb was finally opened, b. As soon as the experiments at the hospital are completed, c. Before the archeologists looked into it in disbelief, d. When the Great Pyramids were built ages ago,

UNIT 18: CONDITIONALS: TRUE, REAL, UNREAL

Exercise 1: Complete the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in brackets. Use the Past Simple or would + infinitive. 1 Ann: What would you do if you won (win) 5,000? Emily: Well, if I won 5,000, I would go (go) on a long holiday. Id love to travel around China for a month. My only problem would be my cat, Garfield. Who would look after(look after) him ifI went(go) away for so long? Ann: If you ever needed (need) someone to look after your cat, I wouldnt mind(not mind) doing it. You know, I really like cats. Actually, I would get (get) one if my mother didnt dislike(not dislike) them so much.

2 Paul: Are you going to Bens party on Saturday? 16

Mike: I dont know. You see, my favourite group are giving a concert that night. Which would yougo(go) to if you had to (have to) choose one or the other? Paul: If I were(be) you, I think I would choose (choose) the party. You can always listen to your favourite groups CD. Mike: Youre right. Besides, if I missed (miss) the party, Im sure I would be (be) sorry, because allour friends are going to be there. Exercise 2: Complete the sentence for each situation. Use conditionals type 1 or 2. 1. You are standing very close to the edge of a swimming-pool. Youre wearing all your clothes, not a swimming costume. A friend says: If you (fall in) fall in, your clothes (get) will get wet! 2. You cant answer a question in your English book. You ask a friend to help, but she doesnt know the answer. She says: If I (know) knew the answer, I (tell) would tell you. 3. You are walking towards the bus-stop with a friend. Suddenly the bus arrives. The bus-stop is far away, but you think there is a chance of catching the bus. You say: If we (run) run, we (catch) will catch it! 4. You are planning to go to the beach tomorrow with some friends. You are not sure about theweather, because it sometimes rains at this time of the year. You arrange to meet tomorrowafternoon and say: If it (rain) rains, we (go) will go to the cinema instead. 5. You are very busy, because you have lots of school work, and you also play in two teams. A friendasks you to join a computer club. You say: If I (have) had more free time, I (join) would join the club. But its impossible at the moment because Im too busy! Exercise 3: Cathy and her brother Tom are visiting websites. Complete the dialogue with the correct form of the First or Second Conditional.

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The News Website Cathy: museum. Tom: No, that ones better. News from around the world. If we go (go) to that site, we will get(get) the news from the USA, Australia, New Zealand. Everywhere! Cathy: OK. Just a minute. Here we are. (Cathy reads the website.) If we visit(visit) this website here, we will see (see) a virtual

New Zealand news. An Auckland man has found $1,000 on the beach. Thats interesting! If I found (find) all that money, I would go(go) to Auckland. Would you go (go) to New Zealand if you had (have) the money? Tom: No, the USA. But things like that dont happen to me. I wouldnt find(not find) money if I were/was(be) on a beach, like that Auckland man. I wouldnt win(not win) the lottery if I had (have) a ticket, so I dont buy one. Cathy: You are a pessimist, Tom! Look, this is from a newspaper in the

USA. A python has escaped from a womans house. Tom: If I had (have) a python, I would give (give) it to a zoo, not keep it in the house. What would dangerous animals at home? (happen) if we all kept (keep)

Exercise 4: Rewrite the following sentences using conditionals type 0, 1 or 2 and the given words. 1. I dont know how to change a tyre; otherwise I would do it myself. If I knew how to change a tyre, I would do it myself. 2. If you dont finish your homework, you wont come with us tonight. (as long as) You will come with us tonight as long as you finish your homework.

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3. Its raining. We cant go to the beach. (could) If it werent/wasnt raining, we could go to the beach. We could go to the beach if it werent/wasnt raining. 4. Add five and six. You get eleven.(if) If you add five and six, you get eleven. / You get eleven if you add five and six. 5. I think that you shouldnt drive so carelessly.(were) If I were you, I wouldnt drive so carelessly. I wouldnt drive so carelessly if I were you. 6. Youll catch a cold unless youre warmly dressed.(in case) Dress warmly in case you catch a cold. 7. Maybe she has already bought this record. I wont buy it for her.(if) If she has already bought this record, I wont buy it for her. I wont buy this record for her if she has already bought it. 8. I dont have a car, so I have to wait for the bus every day. If I had a car, I wouldnt have to wait for the bus every day. I wouldnt have to wait for the bus every day if I had a car. 9. Ill call the police if you dont leave me alone!(unless) Ill call the police unless you leave me alone! Unless you leave me alone, Ill call the police.

UNIT 42: PREPOSITIONS AFTER VERBS, ADJECTIVES, AND BEFORE NOUNS

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Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks with the suitable prepositions. 1. We, as neighbors, are absolutely fed up with the noise of your dog! 2. I cannot stand seeing children addicted to cigarettes. 3. Her new friends were fascinated by the stories she told about her early life. 4. Adam is obsessed with the idea that everybody talks about him. 5. My son has been hooked on computer games since he was a child. Unfortunately, he never spends a day without games! 6. The secretary is tired of typing hundreds of letters a week so she will ask for a vacation. 7. She is very fond ofher new cleaner. This hardworking lady does any kind of housework without complaining. 8. She is keen on astrology. Whenever she is introduced to a person she asks him/her when s/he was born. 9. He is mad about football. He always goes to football matches at weekends and watches programmes about football. 10. Unlike his sistermy cousin is interested in rock music. 11. Paintings should not be exposed to direct sunlight. 12.Skilful employees are vital to the success of any company. Exercise 2: Choose the correct preposition. DO YOU WANT TO CHANGE YOUR IMAGE? Do you wish you were good at / on sports? Would you like to be moreclever or more humorous? Are you worried about /for the way you look? Generally, do you wish you could be different of/from what you really are?
before after

Well, you are not alone. According to a new survey, most people arent proud about/of themselves and few people are happy with/in the way they look.

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Psychologists believe that this attitude is all wrong. They say that each person has their own special qualities and that we shouldnt be afraid to be different from / at other people. TV and fashion magazines give us certain ideas about the way we should be. However, experts advise us not to listen to/ at them. Here are some tips to help you think more positively on / aboutyourself. Start to look of /for the good aspects of your character and work at developing them. Stop feeling self-pity and self-hatred. If you stop being angry with / for your weaknesses, you may see them as an opportunity to learn something about yourself. Stop complaining to / about things that you arent able to do. Concentrate on the things you are good on /at. Start believing in / at yourself. If you dont, no-one else will!

Exercise 3: Decide which answer best fits each space. I dont believe in ghosts? Last year I stayed for a few days in an old house in Scotland which was famous 1. . its ghost. I dont really believe 2. . ghosts, so Im not afraid 3. .them of course. So, when my hosts suggested staying up all night to see their ghost, I simply laughed 4. . them. Then they told me 5. . the strange woman ghost. She was accused 6. . murdering her husband in the eighteen century because she was jealous 7. . him, but she avoided beingfound, and disappeared. Years after, she appeared quite regularly, walking through the house. She was searching 8. . something. I agreed 9. . watch that night, although it would mean sitting for hours in the cold. I expected one of my friends 10. .. appear dressed as the ghost, and so when the figure of a woman finally came 11. . me, I pretended 12. . be terrified. You can imagine my surprise when the figure took a knife from her dress, and then vanished. I decided to disappear myself, and drove home to London as quickly as I could.

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1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10 . 11 . 12 .

a . a . a . a . a . a . a . a . a . a . a . a .

with for with at for that of like to of about on

b . b . b . b . b . b . b . b . b . b . b . b .

for to for with that of by after at for towards as

c . c . c . c . c . c . c . c . c . c . c . c .

from at of about with for to with that to round to

d . d . d . d . d . d . d . d . d . d . d . d .

as in by to about while for for being in through with

UNITS 14&15:INFINITIVE AFTER VERBS & ADJECTIVES, -ING FORM

Exercise 1: Complete the sentences using the prompts and choosing the appropriate preposition from the box. (You will use one of the prepositions several times.) Use the gerund form of the verbs. at on about of instead of against for in to

1. .. Im crazy about cooking.. ( I / crazy / cook ) Im going to experiment with a bunch of new recipes. 2. .. Im really looking forward to staying at home and relaxing ( I / really / look / forward / stay / home / and / relax )

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3. Im going to attend the Spring Jazz Festival. .. Im very interested in listening to jazz ( I / very/ interested / listen / jazz ) 4. Were driving all the way to Quebec City. .. Its famous for having great food..( It / famous / have / great / food ) 5. I dont have any plans, but .. Im not concerned about gettingbored... ( I / not / concerned / get / bored ) I can take a walk in the woods or something. 6. I love languages, but Im not good at learningthem. Im worried about not doing well in my regular Japanese class.( I / not / good / learn / them / I / worried / not / do / well / my / regular / Japanese / class ), so Im going to take a crash course in Japanese over the break. 7. My friends and I are driving to Canada. .I always get excited about going on a trip, but Im a little nervous about driving at night.( I / always / get / excited / go / trip / but / I / a little / nervous / drive / night ) 8. My friends and I are going camping but. my little brother insists on comingwith us( my / little / brother / insist / come / us ) 9. . My girlfriends very fond of reading and going to the movies( my / girlfriend / very / fond / read / and / go / movies ), so I guess Ill read a lot and see a lot of movies over the vacation. 10. . Everyone advised against going to the beach at this time of year.(everyone / advised / go / beach / this / time / year ) So instead of spending my vacation at the shore .( so / instead / spend / my / vacation / shore ), Im going hiking in the mountains. Exercise 2: Rewrite the sentences by using infinitive forms of the given verbs. Add a preposition after the infinitive if necessary. 1.Arizona is a great place to visit, I think! WOULD LOVE I would love to visitArizona 2. Tonight is the deadline for your homework, Sam.

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NEED tonight.

Sam needs to finish his homework

3. Sue: My husband and I have agreed about finding a new apartment. DECIDE Sue and her husband have decided to finda new apartment.. 4. Jack: I promise I wont belate for the wedding. PROMISE . Jack promised not to be late for the wedding. 5. Jane: Did you buy some rice when you went to the grocery store? Jo: Oh, sorry FORGOT . Jo forgot to buy some rice when she went to the grocery store.

Exercise 3: Join each idea in A with an idea from B. Make sentences using to. A 1. He drank lots of black coffee 2. He does exercise everyday 3. He studies very hard 4. Well use the computer 5. I want to pass the exams B save time get a better job keep awake keep fit to pass the exam 1. He drank lots of black coffee to keep awake 2. He does exercise everyday to keep fit. 3. He studies very hard to pass the exam 4. Well use the computer to save time 5. I want to pass the exams to get a better job

Exercise 4: Complete the sentences using the correct form of the words in box. Example: It was very nice to meet you. impossible/ finish interesting / plan please/hear safe/go nice/meeteasy / use

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1. My new video recorder looks complicated, but its actually very easy to use . 2. That is a very dangerous part of the city. It isnt safe to goout there at night. 3. I was pleased to hear that you had passed your exams. 4. I dont like package holidays. I think its much more interesting to plan your own holiday. 5. Its impossible to finish all that work today. There just isnt enough time.

Exercise 5: Complete the blanks using a gerund or a correct form of infinitive: A-) Are you looking forward to tourism becoming(become) the worlds biggest industry some day, even bigger than information technology? If you dont mind me saying(say) so, tourists are unpopular. People who make money from them actually dislike seeing(see) them and even when we ourselves are tourists, we often hatemeeting(meet) them. So why does this industry seem to be (be) the biggest of the future? saying / to say (say) that all good

B-) Oscar Wilde was once heard

Americans go to Paris when they die. But would somebody mind telling (tell) me about Russians? Some of them imagine visiting (visit) Paris one day, but for most of them their dream destination is the Bahamas. They keep thinking (think) about the blue seas, heat and sand there and most of them would leave tomorrow if they could. Im sure they would soon get used to living there, too. C-) Why become a vegetarian? Eating (eat) vegetarian food is not only good for you, but its enjoyable too. I love tasting different vegetarian dishes, said Mike. Its easy and its certainly worth to get (get) hold of vegetarian food now looking (look) round your local area to see if

theres a health food shop nearby. If youre happy to experiment with new

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foods and you dont mindtrying

(try)

out different recipes, you can eating (eat) meat, although at using (use) any

easily change your diet. I dont miss Now I find it simple might even like it!

first I kept dreaming (dream) about making(make) bacon sandwiches. to cook(cook) a meal without turning meat. You should consider (turn) vegetarian, he said. You

Exercise 6: Put the verbs in brackets in the -ing form or the infinitive. I must say I am not very fond of (1) traveling (travel). I realize that nowadays everybody is expected (2) to spend (spend) their weekends and holidays away from home but I always prefer (3) staying/ to stay (stay) at home and enjoy family life. Is it worth (4) spending (spend) your whole holiday on a coach or in the car without (5) being able to stretch your legs? What is the point in (6) seeing (see) all those places if afterwards you don't remember what you have seen? I used (7) to travel (travel) quite a lot on business but once I discovered what (8) traveling is all about, I changed my job. I just couldn't get used to sleeping in hotel beds and eating restaurant food. I couldn't see anything glamorous in (9) spending (spend) ten hours in a meeting and then being asked (10) to eat (eat) out in a restaurant and going to bed after midnight. I saw my colleagues (11) living (live) like this for years and I don't think they were enjoying themselves. Now during my holidays I try (12) to relax (relax) at home and do some gardening, and I never regret (13) changing (change) my lifestyle.

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VOCABULARY REVISION WEEK 2: UNIT 1-2-3-4-5-6

Exercise 1: Choose the correct definition of the words in bold. 1. Her family lived in a sparsely-furnished flat although they are quite rich. a. small in numbers depression. a. an accident as a result of hitting b. a loud noise as a result of breaking or falling 3. 40 people were killed in the bomb explosion because of a terrorist attack. a. the action of killing by force comet. a. a kind of star down. a. to kill b. to hit 6. The astronomy calendar shows the dates of astronomical events like moon phases, meteor showers, eclipses, etc. a. related to the ground of Earth close to the Earth. a. to guess what will happen in the future b. to learn what will happen in the future 8. A new building will be constructed for the Material Engineering Department in our university. 27 b. related to the stars and planets 7. The astronomers are predictingthat a group of meteors are moving b. a kind of planet 5. The falling rocks were strikingthe climbers almost causing them to fall b. the action of bursting with noise 4. Many scientists think that the crash might have happened because of a b. dense 2. After she lost her whole family in a plane crash, she went into a terrible

a. to build something b. to destroy something 9. They had a quarrel about some money three years ago, and they havent spoken to each other since. a. an angry disagreement b. a mutual agreement 10. Scientists use glass spheresin various experiments. a. a square object vision. a. the area at the back of your ear your eye 12. Excavations for historical research on those areas are likely to continue for several years. a. the action of digging a hole in the ground to remove something b. the action of burying something on under the ground 13. New optical instruments were bought for the research laboratory of our university to be used in the experiments. a. related to visionb. related to sound Exercise 2: Choose the correct word in order to complete the sentence in a meaningful way. 1. The first-aiders bandaged the wound to reduce the risk of b. the area at the back of b. a round object 11. This disease may cause a big harm in your retina and result in loss of

infect/infection. 2. According to the statistics, the health situation of the people in the country has improved sharply/sharp. 3. The new way of treatment that the researchers have recently found has proved/proof to be a disaster. 4. The rebels/rebellion took over the capital and set up a new government. 5. A large Roman settle/settlementhas been discovered in the south part of the town.

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6. The emission/emissary of the greenhouse gases has been proved to be harmful for the environment. 7. The routine immune/immunizationof the children against polio will also be carried out this semester. 8. I didnt know anybody at the party, and finally one of my friends came to my rescuer/rescueby introducing me to a few people. 9. The opera was based on a famous Turkish legendary/legend. 10. Thousands of mice have invaded/invader the ruins in the hope that they will find some food. 11. The EU is investigating new methods of population/populate control of European countries.

WEEK 3: UNIT 41, 12, 13

Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks in the paragraph using the words in the box. chemical structure treat resistance resistant conducted antibiotic

Most infectious diseases which can be cured with antibiotic effect are caused by bacteria, although fungi, protozoa, and rickettsia also cause such diseases. Viral diseases are not cured by antibiotics. Since different types of microorganisms have different resistance to antibiotics. In other words, the chemical structure of antibiotics is not suitable for the viruses, because they grow resistant to them. The identification of the microorganism that causes the disease is the single most important factor in the selection of the best antibiotic to treat the disease. More experiments need to be conducted by scientists for better results. Exercise 2: Match the words with their definitions. Then write 5 sentences using 5 of the words below. a. decipher4 b. hieroglyphics 2 1. learned by yourself 2. ancient written texts

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c. self-taught1 volcano d. demotic 74. to discover

3. hot, melted rock coming out of a

e. accidentally65. written words f. publish126. by chance g. inscription5 7. everyday language

h. erupt (v) 98. volcano is not active at the moment i. lava (n) 3 melted rocks j. release (v) 1110. the force of pushing from the ground k. dormant (n) 7 l. pressure (n) 1012. to print 11. to make something free 9. to suddenly throw out fire and

1._________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 2._________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 3._________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 4._________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ 5._________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________ Exercise 3: Fill in the blanks with the words in the box. tectonic plates stress layer shake Richter scale 30

destruction 1. There are three main forces that cause deformation within the Earth, and these forces create stress. 2. The motion of the Earths tectonic plates caused an earthquake on the east of the country. 3. The train shook the ground, when it passed nearby. We thought that a terrible earthquake happened. 4. The shelf was covered in a thick layer of dust. 5. After the earthquake, a huge fire occurred and it caused the total destructionof the building. 6. Richter scale is a way used by Geologists to measure the energy contained in an earthquake.

WEEK 4: Unit 20
Exercise 1: Match the words in the box with the words/phrases in bold in the sentences below. Be careful that there are two extras! assembly arena units diesel docks continuously derelict redevelop hectares

lease urban places venues residents

facilities

construct

1. The theatre has been left to stand in a bad condition since it was closed because of lack of audience. ____derelict 2. They worked without holiday.__continuously stopping during the summer

3. Recently, the small towns have been rebuilt and changed for industrial reasons.___redevelop 4. It was agreed that they would make a new legal agreement for the flat he used to stay in.____lease

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5. I would especially like to live in a town where I can easily find places for entertainment and sports. ____facilities 6. According to the reports of the project which has beenrecently completed, large amounts of money have been used to build this huge building. ____construct 7. We have had compliments from the people who accommodate in local area._____residents 8. Immigration to towns and cities have been increasing in recent years.____urban places 9. The places where musical performances happen are open until late in this gorgeous city of United States. ___venue 10. The buildings are conducted by using smaller pieces of concrete. ___units 11. Our school has regular meeting every year, when all the classes have been ceased. ____assembly 12. You can see at least one flat area with seats in every city of Spain, because bull fighting is a very important event in their culture. ___arena 13. In the last fifteen years, 10,000 square meters of lands have been changed to agricultural places. ____hectares

WEEK 5: Unit 18
Exercise 1: Lets do some brainstorming about recycling! Write as many words or phrases as you can in the blanks.

Insulate your house RECYCLING

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Save electricity (Some possible answers: recycle paper, metal and glass; dont waste valuable resources; dont produce so much rubbish; turn off unwanted lights; dont drive so much; walk or cycle; dont waste so much oil and petrol; dont waste so much energy for heating; use renewable energy; use more wind and water power; cause less air pollution) Exercise 2: Choose the correct answer to the questions below. 1. If an item get larger when it is heated, it _____________. a. steams b. contracts c. boils d. expands

2. Because of global warming, the ice at the ____________melts day by day. a. deserts b. pollution c. continents d. poles

3. Paraguay ____________100% of its electricity from hydroelectric dams. a. generates b. exhausts c. transfers d. creates

4. Awind____________is a device that converts kinetic energy from the wind into mechanical energy. a. wing b. turbine c. power station d. column

5. The area where land meets the sea or ocean is called ____________. a. cliff b. peninsula c. coastline d. coral reef

6. Many people in the local area reject the project of Nuclear energy power stations, because they think that it will cause _________view, noise, and health problems. a. gorgeous b. suitable c. well-structured d. spoilt

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WEEK 6: Unit 42, 14, 15

Exercise 1: Write the correct forms of the given words in the chart below. VERB conquer threaten intend obey notice conduct permit NOUN conquest threat intention obedience notice conduct permission ADJECTIVE threatening intentional obedient noticeable permissive ADVERB threateningly intentionally obediently noticeably

Now fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words above. 1. Photography is not permitted in the museum, so please dont take any photographs. 2. My intention for the future is to go and study abroad. 3. There has been a noticeable improve in her grades. 4. The researchers are conducting a survey to discover the local residents feelings about the new regulation in the city. 5. The conquest of Peru by the Spanish occurred in 1532. 6. The man spoke in a threatening voice, and the little child got really afraid. He promised not to tell anybody what he saw. 7. The students sat obediently after the teacher told them not to walk around the classroom.

Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks with the correct forms of the words in the box. expedition pretend fix deny sunspot rate weigh impress authority identify rough prison

1. The shelf collapsed under the weight of the books. 2. The rate of unemployment has been increasing day by day in European countries.

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3. The scientists are trying to understand why sunspots appear for a few days or weeks and then disappear. 4. Students have to show their identification card when they are asked to do so while entering the university. 5. The health authorities are planning to conduct a research on how many people are receiving enough health service in the local area. 6. Carol was imprisoned in 1995 for killing a person in a car accident. 7. Officials didnt believe the swimmers denial that he had taken drugs. 8. He pretended that he didnt mind when he saw her ex-girlfriend with another boy, but I knew that he did. 9. The Soviet Union performed the first moon expedition in 1959. 10. It makes a very bad impression if you are late for an interview. 11. We have roughly similar tastes with Greek people.

12. Many shops in big shopping malls sell their products on a fix price.

WEEK 7: UNIT 46, 47

Exercise 1: Fill in the blanks in the paragraph with the correct choice. A SUPRISING DISCOVERY Scientists have discovered a new species under the deep water of Black Sea. However, the problem is that they do not even know that it is a new species or not, because they have encountered just one. In other words, they do not know whether there are any relatives of this newly found creature. Another problem is that unfortunately it is not alive anymore. This extraordinary creature has an extraordinarily different cell structure. The (1)_________________which covers the outer part of the cell is not

35

similar to the ones of many organisms living under the water. The scientists also report that their system which contains their (2)_______________information, namely DNA, does not contain nitrogen as opposed to the DNA as we know. However, their RNA structure is argued to be similar to the ones of other creatures. It includes the information the cells need to build (3)________________. In order to discover more about this new creature, scientists will investigate the (4) ______________of its body. They especially want to learn more about the (5)________________in their organism. Of course, it is not all about the biological discoveries that are waiting to be discovered. The scientists are also curious about how they(6) _______________in dangerous life conditions under the sea and how they (7)______________from big fish, of course, if there are any more such creatures. If they can find answers to the questions in their minds, they will be sure about whether this newly found creature is just a member of an undiscovered species or not.

1. a. nucleoid 2. a. genetic bacteria 3. a. vitamins 4. a. remains 5. a. spirits chemicals 6. a. die 7. a. shelter

b. membrane b. multicelluar

c. gene c. granules

d. fossil d.

b. carbonhydratesc. proteins b. actions b. motions c. bacteria

d. chromosome d. seals d.

c. recreations

b. survive b. control

c. feed c. consist

d. kill d. divide

Exercise 2: Match the words on the right column with their meanings.

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1. slow destruction e 2. possessions b b. resources g

a.civilization

3. Strong complaints

c. compete d. inhabitants e. erosion f. in a state of shock g. protests h. mystery d i. distance j. constantly

4. the amount of spacei 5. take part in a race c 6. unexplained story. h 7. in a shocked condition.f 8. always j

9. people living in the city 10. human society a

Prepared&compiled by Bilge Palaz and YamurSa fromMaterial Office, Basic English Department

REFERENCE (GRAMMAR) Rachel Spack Koch with Keith S. Folse (2006), Focus on Grammar, Pearson Longman Rachel Spack Koch with Keith S. Folse (2006), Focus on Grammar (workbook), Pearson Longman Simon Clarke (2008), Macmillan English Grammar in Context Intermediate, Macmillan SuatGrcan, RdvanGrbz (2010), Advanced English Tests, remYaynclk YTU (2010-2011), Worksheet & Handout, YTU Printing House YTU (2006-2007), Worksheet & Handout, YTU Printing House REFERENCE (VOCABULARY)

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Bonesteel, L. (2010). New Password 5: A Reading and Vocabulary Text. Pearson Longman. Carr, J.C.& Parsons, J. (2007). Success: Upper Intermediate Students Book. Pearson Longman. Cotton, D., Falvey, D.& Kent, S. (2008). Language Leader Coursebook: Intermediate. Pearson Longman. http://dictionary.cambridge.org/ http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antibacterial http://en.wikipedia.org/?title=DNA http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/RNA_genome#RNA_genomes

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