Determination of Water based extraction of Antipyretic properties from Aquilaria Subintegra Spp.

Dried leaves by using conventional oven (sources : http://data.gbif.org/species/5523980/)

Name Classification

Aquilaria subintegra Ding Hou Kingdom: Plantae Phylum: Tracheophyta Class: Magnoliopsida Order: Malvales Family: Malvaceae Genus: Aquilaria Species: Aquilaria subintegra

Agarwood History (sources : http://www.borraikrisana.com/?p=1&lang=en)

Krisana(Agarwood) is a trees symbol of Trad province. It have long story since the Buddhas lifetime in the position of The valuable scarce. Be required form high social around the world

and Expensive like the gold. Its 1 part in 4 part of nature fragrant which calledChatoorachartSukon (Agarwood,Kalampak,Chan and Flower). Agarwood is the contraband of general people because there have a law allow trading only King since the beginning Ayudhya period in King Na-rai the Great.(Last 400 Years). Agarwood use to do tribute and goods export to China since Ayuddhaya period(Last 400 years). Agarwoods stink and herb Properties have spread to Arab peninsula in Middle East, Greek Kingdom, Roman, Old Egypt and throughtout Asis.

Agarwood is a expensive goods trading. Agarwood products only have in Asia. Especially SEA. Then Agarwood is a symbol of East and Suwannaboom or Thailand in now. Thai ancient like to burn agrwood chip to get fragrance in the room. Form document record of priest Tazard who leave in Thailand in Na-rai Great the King period speech On the way I have passed is fragrance spreading by agrwood smell which is valuable kind of tree and fragrance. Now Arabian, Muslim, and Chinese like to burn agrwood to get fragrance. Now Thailand is the first country who can export Agarwood products worldwide be legal and follow the CITES treaty. Because Thailand had growing a lot of agrwood since 1984 and developed grow system. Now able to use biological encourage agrwood to get oil until accepted form worldwide market. We had registered agrwood growing with CITES amount 7,404,452 trees. Now throughout Thailand about 10 Million Trees but not enough for increase demand. Because natural agrwood was felled a lot especially in Kao-Yai Natural Park area.

Agarwood species

Plant & Marketing for Solve the Poorness

Agarwood is in Thymelaeaceae Family, Aquilalia Species. Trunk size is medium but when it was grow up, trunk becomes bigger. The wood rather young but when have more age, wood rather hardness and get yellow color. Have beauty stripe. Easy to shell. It have straight trunk. Color rather red. Have small pimple with red,black,gray and young green on skin. Agarwood is fast growth wood. Totally have 16 breed. In Thailand, have found About 4 type. (Recently, around the world had found about 16 breed) It was modify according to Agarwood World Conference No.1at Vietnam as following details,

1. Aquilaria Subintegra Found at Thailand 2. Aquilaria crassna Found at Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam 3. Aquilaria- Malaccensis Found at Thailand, India, Indonesia 4. Aquilaria- Apiculata Found at Philippines 5. Aquilaria- Baillonil Found at Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam 6. Aquilaria -Banneonsis Found at Vietnam 7. Aquilaria- Beccarian Found at Indonesia 8. Aquilaria -Brachyantha Found at Malaysia 9. Aquilaria- Cumingiana Found at Indonesia, Philippines 10. Aquilaria Filaria Found at Nuegini, China

11. Aquilaria- Grandiflora Found at China 12. Aquilaria Hilata Found at Indonesia, Malaysia 13. Aquilaria- Khasiana Found at India 14. Aquilaria- Microcarpa Indonesia, Malaysia 15. Aquilaria-Rostrata Found at Malaysia 16. Aquilaria-Sinensis Found at Chin

Place of Birth and Breed type in Thailand have 4 type as following

1. Aquilaria Subintegra
This breed has high quality and quantity oil . Fond more at East part suchas Trad, Chantaburi Province. Especially Trad Province, has this type a lot.But now have some agriculturist misunderstanding Agarwood breed, take other breed from other place to glow. Its make Agarwood mutate and get bad quality. Now Trad province had glow Agarwood mostly in the world.(2005) and able to produce Agarwood oil with best quality in the world. This breed is fine follow environment. Able to glow at mostly land of Thailand.

2. Aaquilaria -Crassna Pierre e H.Lec

Has rather high quality & quantity agarwood oil. Found around Kao-Yai National Park. Nakornnayok, Prajeenburi, Nakornrachasema, Buriram, Srisakes province and around north part such as Nan, Cheangrai, Prare province and middle part such as Petchaboon, Nakornsawan and Kampangpetch province.

3. Aquilaria Malaccaensis
Has medium quality & quantity agarwood oil. Found around South part of Thailand such as Petchaburi, Prachuebkerikan, Pathaloong, Trung, Ranong, Pattani province.

4. AquilariaBaillonil)
Found at North Eastern part by North and North part of Thailand which close to Myanmar and Laos.

Agarwood Aquilaria Subintegra Trad Breed.

Agarwood flower has yellow young color. Have good smell when blooming.

Agarwood Flower Comparison

Subintegra Trad

Crassna

Agarwoods Fruit & Seed type of Subintegra Trad

Subintegra Trad

Agarwoods fruit of each breed Comparison

Subintegra Trad Crassana Baillonil Malaccensis

SubintegraTrad

Malaccensis Bilonil

Agarwood Subintegra Breed Classify

Agarwood Aquilaria or Trad breed was classified by 3 class and 9 type.

Class 1

It is Agarwood which have tiny, slender leaf and parallel line of fiber leaf at least 2 line.

Class 2
It is Agarwood which have medium, long leaf and parallel line of fiber leaf at least 2 line.

Class 3

It is Agarwood which have big leaf and parallel line of fiber leaf at least 2 line.

2.It also classified by type of trunk which have 3 class

Type 1

It is Agarwood which have tiny, slender leaf . Trunk have knotty skin by red, young red or red with black color. Thai word callsKang-Kok-Deng. This breed have the best agarwood oil quality. Big trunk.This is the best of Agarwood Subintegra breed. Mostly found in Trad province.
Kang-Kok-Deang Skin. (Red Toad Skin)

Type 2

It is Agarwood which have tiny, slender leaf . Have white,gray with green or white ring color around trunk. Give Agrwood oil rather high. Found at Trad and Chantaburi province.

Ta-Kean Skin

Type 3

It is Agarwood which have tiny, slender leaf . Have white or gray-blue skin. Small trunk and slowly grow up. Its not suit for business. Give high quality oil. Found at mountain area which higher sea level at least 500 M around Trad & Chantaburi province. Almost can produce agarwood oil oneself but very little because small trunk.

2. Class II
Type 1 It is Agarwood which have medium, long leaf . Trunk has knotty skin by red, young red or red with black color. Thai word calls Kang-Kok-Deng. This breed have the best agarwood oil quality and have big trunk. Found at Trad and Chantaburi province. Type 2 It is Agarwood which have medium, long leaf . Have white,gray with green or white ring color around trunk. Give Agrwood oil rather high. Found at Trad and Chantaburi province. Type 3 It is Agarwood which have medium, long leaf. Have white or gray-blue skin. Small trunk and slowly grow up. Its not suit for business. Give high quality oil.Found at mountain area which

higher sea level at least 500 M around Trad & Chantaburi province. Almost can produce agarwood oil oneself but very little Because it have small trunk.

3. Class III
Type 1 It is Agarwood which have big leaf. Parallel line of fiber leaf is delicate and frequently . Trunk have knotty skin by red, young red or red with black color. Thai word callsKang-Kok-Deng. This breed have high agarwood oil quantity. Big trunk but easy to fall. Type 2 It is Agarwood which have big leaf. Have white,gray with green or white ring color around trunk. Give Agrwood oil medium quantity. Big trunk. Found at Trad and Chantaburi province. Type 3 It is Agarwood which have big leaf. Trunk has black, rather black color skin. Snidely skin. Very big trunk. Need to have special technical to get agarwood oil. Someone calls Krao-Dam breed. But when created agarwood oil, oil is full flavored. Mostly not produce oil oneself but need to have hard stimulate. Found at archipelago around Trad province such as Chang, Kood island. Summarize: Agarwood Subintegra breed was classified by 3 classes. Each class has 9 types according to type of leaf and trunk.Summariz New breed is Aquilaria Trad 1 . Breed place had done in Trad province. Now is on register processing by Department of Agriculture.

Plant
Location Grow Selection

The agarwood can grow every area of Thailand. But if have to grow at flood cages, must have lifting rut higher than water level at least 1.5 Metre . The best area is foothills, small hill or ventilating water convenient area. But if area has the flood caged for long time, when agarwood grow will yellow die because agarwood like humidity but do not like wet.

Character of soil that Agarwood can grows up fast

Agarwood can glow up in the soil that have PH since 4.5-7.0 For checking soil quality, can consult Doctor soil of every part of Thailand or contact Land Development Center. The best soil for agrawood is laterite , especially the laterite mixes the combination of clay, mix the fat clay, next be combanication of clay, the combanication of clay mixes the fat clay, the combanication of clay mixes the sand and bad most be sandy soil. Especially area that have sandy white soil, rough sand, finely sand which have ground deep more than 3 Meter is not improperly grow the agarwood. Because glow up slow, easy fall, the trunk not completed, tottering. Therefore before grow, must be consider soil specification.

Grow Patterns ( 1 Rai = 1,600 SQM)

1. Distance 2 x 2 Meter It is growing 2 Meter between seedling. Between rows is 2 Meter. 1 Rai can have 400 trees. This type is high cost but get highest benefit. Between rows can grow the plants which give benefit annual year such as Chilies, Eggplant or Vegetable but growing with by no chemical. This type is suitable for good cash flow.

2. Distance 2 x 4 Meters This is growing 2 Meters between seeding. Between rows is 4 Meters. Between rows can grow banana, papaya , etc. 1 Rai can glow 200 trees. Suitable for medium cash flow.

Diatance 4 x 4 Meters This is glowing between rows by 4 Meters. Able to jostle grow vegetable or annual crops between agarwood rows. Suitable for farmers who grow vegetable or annual crops as carrier. But this type will get short agarwood tree, low productivity and easy fall. Therefore must be grow vegetable or annual crops after agarwood was growing up at least 3 years. 1. Jostle Grow Agarwood can jostle grow with any vegetation and the best is Rubber Tree. But have to grow both at the same time or grow Rubber Tree not exceed 2 years . May jostle grow with any fruit or perennial plant but need to have sun shine. If grow in place with no sun shine, trunk will be dwarfed but not die. Grow Process 1. Soil Digging: Have to dig soil deep 50 cm. wide 50 cm.

Soil Dig by Machineg

Soil Diging by Human

Soil Diging by Human> 1. Fertilizer Insertion: Must be mixes cow shit with soil by 1:5 ratio and put at the bottom till high at 30 cm. (Cow shit must be dry and sterilized)

Plantation Agarwood : Good agarwood seeding must be 8 Months age up or at high 70 cm. up and have to sit in the sun not less than 1 month. Strong trunk with yellow mix green color and shiny leaf. Once selected, press hands on round of bag for tightly soil. Beware broken bag. Put it down in the middle of hole. Use cutter slit bag, then move bag Out. Try to keep soil tightly. After that use hand press soil around bag by tight then useWood Vinegar mix with water by ratio 1:50 and pour on hole about 0.5 liters. After that put soil till hole full. Have to put soil not exceed 5 cm. from top of bag. If grow in raining season, need to do slope for predict flood. If in the summer time, should do hole deep about 5 cm. for keeping water. Try to tightly press soil around bag to protect soil go down. It may cause damage root. Branch Trimming Mostly agarwood have 2 branches at the top. Should be cut branch which have leaf under. After that will have twig around trunk. Need to keep it for photosynthesize and provide nourishment. Trunk will big and completed. After agarwood big and tall then slowly cut out by balance to trunk. If without cutting, trunk will short, more branch and resin encourage is no effort.

Water In summer or no raining time, should be give water 1 time/ 3-5 days follow environment. Fertilize After growed by 1 month, should use cow shit about 1 kg/ tree scatter around and away from base about 10 cm. Then cover by soil to protect cow shit loosen. After 3 months, give cow shit again depends on trunk condition and grow area condition. Enemy Most enemy of agarwood grow is Thief. Because in deep jungle, they still can go to steal. Next are worm, aphis, fungus, termite and kind of bug which can drill, bite and suck in ground.