The University of Sydney Applied Mathematics 2

MATH2965 Lecturer: F. Viera

Introduction to PDEs (Advanced)

2009

Tutorial 7 For the week beginning Monday 14th September 1. Dene the Laplace transforms I = L t3/2 ea (a)
2 2

/4 t

and J = L t1/2 ea

/4 t

(b) (c) 2.

Determine a relationship between I and J by substituting the expression 2 u = s1/2 t1/2 (a/2)t1/2 into the well-known integral eu du = . (If you have not seen this integral derived before, ask your tutor to show you; it is a marvellous piece of lateral thought.) Determine another relationship between I and J by introducing the change of variables sw = (a2 /4)t1 into the denition of I . Hence show that I = (2 /a)ea s and J = ( /s) ea s .

(Haberman Exercise 13.2.9) Solve the two-dimensional heat equation u 2u 2u = + 2 t x2 y in a rectangle with sides L and H , subject to the boundary conditions u = 0 on all four boundaries. The initial condition is u = u0 (x, y ) at t = 0. Proceed as follows. Write u = h(t)(x, y ) and show that 2 2 dh = h; + 2 = , dt x2 y where is the separation constant. Now separate variables again, letting (x, y ) = f (x)g (y ) and show that d2 f = f dx2 d2 g = ( )g. dy 2

with corresponding boundary conditions f (0) = f (L) = 0 and g (0) = g (H ) = 0. The eigenfunctions for f are then fn = sin nx and the corresponding L eigenvalues are n = (n/L)2 , n = 1, 2, 3, . . . . Each of these eigenvalues in turn gives rise to an eigenvalue problem for g with corresponding eigenvalues nm . Show that m 2 n 2 m 2 nm = n + = + H L H and nd the corresponding eigenfunctions gnm (y ).

Finally demonstrate that u(x, y, t) = where Anm = 4 LH

0

Anm sin

m=1 n=1

my [(n/L)2 +(m/H )2 ]t nx sin e L H

H 0

u0 (x, y ) sin

nx my sin dxdy L H

Note that the corresponding steady-state solution is u(x, y ) = 0 everywhere, as expected. 3. Solve the 2-D Laplace equation for u(x, y ) in a square of side L, subject to the boundary conditions u(x, 0) = 0, u(x, H ) = 0, u(0, y ) = 0, u(L, y ) = y . Consider the heat equation in three dimensions with no sources but with nonconstant thermal properties c u = ( K 0 u) , t

4.

where c and K0 are functions of x, y and z . Assume that u = 0 on the boundary. Show that the time variable can be separated by assuming that u(x, y, z, t) = (x, y, z )h(t). Show that (x, y, z ) satises the eigenvalue problem (p) + (x, y, z ) = 0 with = 0 on the boundary. What are (x, y, z ) and p(x, y, z )? (Haberman exercise 7.5.4) .