Class 3 The body of the essay I/ The topic sentence and the supporting sentences All body paragraphs

have a topic sentence that states the main idea of the body paragraph, a main subpoint of your thesis. A topic sentence will: - Introduce the topic in the paragraph - Be the most general and important sentence in the paragraph - Contain controlling ideas that the following sentences in the paragraph will: + explain + define + clarify + illustrate Exercise 1: Read the following paragraphs and underline the topic sentences, then circle the controlling ideas. 1. Hurricanes, which are also called cyclones, exert tremendous power. These violent storms are often a hundred miles in diameter, and their winds can reach velocities of seventy-five miles per hour or more. Furthermore, the strong winds and heavy rainfall that accompany them can completely destroy a small town in a couple of hours. The energy that is released y a hurricane in one day exceeds the total energy consumed y human!ind throughout the world in one year. ". #l ert $instein, one of the world%s geniuses, failed his university entrance examinations on his first attempt. &illiam Faul!ner, one of #merica%s noted writers, never finished college ecause he could not pass his $nglish courses. 'ir &inston (hurchill, who is considered one of the masters of $nglish language, had to have special tutoring in $nglish during elementary school. These few examples show that failure in school doesn%t always predict failure in life. ). 'ynonyms, words that have the same asic meaning, do not always have the same emotional meaning. For example, the words *stingy% and *frugal% oth mean *careful with money%. However, to cal a person stingy is an insult, while the word frugal has much more positive connotation. 'imilarly, a person wants to e slender ut not s!inny, and aggressive ut not pushy. Therefore, you should e careful in choosing word ecause many so called synonyms are not really synonyms at all. Exercise 2: Write the topic sentences based on the thesis statements. 1. Travelling is the est way to discover the world where we live. a +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. c+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ Class 3 y ,guyen Thi -iang, .#. /01"21/3/3 = supporting sentences that support or prove the topic sentence

1. (apital punishment should e a olished not only ecause it deprives another person of life ut also ecause it doesn%t stop crime. a +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. c+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. ). &omen generally live longer than men for two main reasons4 they tend to ta!e etter care of their health, and they lead less stressful lives. a +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. 5. 6rug and alcohol a use among teenagers can e traced to the following causes4 lac! of parental supervision, lax enforcement of drug laws and the social and psychological pro lems of teenager themselves. a +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. c+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. 2. 7n choosing a ma8or, a student has to consider various factors, such as personal interest, 8o opportunities and availa ility of training institutions a +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. c+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. 9. .odern technology has improved the world in three important ways. a +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. c+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. 1. 7 elieve that uilding a large factory near my community has advantages as well as disadvantages. a +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. 3. For several reasons, which 7 will explain ellow, 7 thin! that children should not study at a very early age. a +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. c+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. y ,guyen Thi -iang, .#. /01"21/3/3

Class 3 Exercise 3: Write the topic sentences for the following paragraphs. 1+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. #rt forms people:s spiritual sense, views and personalities. ;eople learn history, the traditions of their country trough the art. &e also watch movies that entertain and at the same time extend our range of interests. #nother important aspect of this is that art is an ancient means of communication. 7n old times, people depicted the herds of mammoths on the walls of their caves. They performed different rituals around the fireplace as!ing their gods for health, good harvest and weather. <ur language is a result of people:s need to communicate. "+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. #ll human!ind is inde ted to the scientists ecause of their wor! and achievements. 'cientists ma!e our life easier. &e have cars and airplanes to move fast from one place to another. &e have microwaves and a unch of preprocessed food to ma!e the coo!ing much easier. &e have different devices that simplify all we do. Finally, scientists are ma!ing great achievements in medicine that ma!e our life longer and happier. )+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. $ntertainment plays an essential role in our everyday%s life. &e need to relax, watching T= with our favorite T= stars or favorite foot all players. $ntertainment is one of the est ways to eliminate stress and tension and leave all trou les ehind. For example, 7 cannot stay home all day long without watching T=. Famous athletes and entertainers are li!e doctors for our souls. Therefore, asically, 7 elieve that they have such high salaries ecause we need them. 5+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++. ;eople can have access to the latest news, weather, traffic, id-and-as!ed >uotations, etc. #nother important enefit is that the 7nternet is a great means of communication. # few years ago it was rather difficult to imagine that it would e possi le to communicate with people from all around the world. 'tudents have the opportunity to spea! to the professors from prestigious universities, as! their opinions and extend their range of interests. ;eople have the opportunity to communicate with the people from other countries, find out their customs, traditions and even visit each other. 7 thin! that the 7nternet ma!es our world smaller and friendlier. &e have the chance to learn more a out the world:s history, our ancestors and gain more !nowledge.

y ,guyen Thi -iang, .#.

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